Decode catalog numbers strictly and add the changelog fragment

Route tleCatalogNumber() and noradIdFromSatnum() through one decoder that
accepts only plain digits or a valid Alpha-5 field. parseInt and Number()
read '2554A', '255 4', '-1234', '0x1F0', '1.5' and blank as numbers; they
now return null/NaN. Digit satnums of any length still decode, so OMM
satrecs numbered past 99999 keep working.

Add a layer test that several Alpha-5 satellites survive ingestion dedupe,
the changelog fragment for #767, and note in CURRENT-STATE that this is
Alpha-5 TLE compatibility and malformed fields are rejected.

src/tools/queries/space.test.mjs

@@ -72,14 +72,39 @@ test('Alpha-5 catalog numbers decode, skipping I and O', () => {
   }
 });
 
-test('every other catalog field reads as it did before', () => {
+test('a digit catalog field reads as it did before', () => {
   assert.equal(noradIdFromSatnum('25544'), 25544);
   assert.equal(noradIdFromSatnum('00404'), 404);
-  assert.equal(noradIdFromSatnum(''), 0); // as Number('') did
-  for (const field of ['I0000', 'O0000', 'a0404', 'A00']) {
-    assert.ok(Number.isNaN(noradIdFromSatnum(field)), field);
-    assert.equal(tleCatalogNumber(`1 ${field}U`), null, field);
+  assert.equal(noradIdFromSatnum('  404'), 404);
+  assert.equal(tleCatalogNumber('1 25544U'), 25544);
+  assert.equal(tleCatalogNumber('1   404U'), 404);
+  // An OMM satrec carries the number unpadded, past five digits.
+  assert.equal(noradIdFromSatnum('100000'), 100000);
+});
+
+test('a malformed catalog field is no number', () => {
+  for (const field of [
+    'I0000',
+    'O0000',
+    'a0404',
+    'A00',
+    '2554A',
+    '255 4',
+    '-1234',
+    '0x1F0',
+    '1.5',
+    '1e3',
+    '',
+    '     ',
+  ]) {
+    assert.ok(Number.isNaN(noradIdFromSatnum(field)), JSON.stringify(field));
+    assert.equal(
+      tleCatalogNumber(`1 ${field.padEnd(5)}U`),
+      null,
+      JSON.stringify(field),
+    );
   }
+  assert.ok(Number.isNaN(noradIdFromSatnum(undefined)));
 });
 
 test('a satellite numbered above 99999 keeps its number and is found by it', async () => {