Merge branch 'main' into fix/alpha5-norad-id

# Conflicts:
#	src/layers/satellites/ingestion.js

.env.example

@@ -219,6 +219,12 @@ AISSTREAM_API_KEY=
 # CCTV_CALGARY_ENABLED=1                               # set 0 to disable the Open Calgary (Alberta) cameras
 # CCTV_CALGARY_MAX_SOURCES=220                         # cap cameras loaded from the Open Calgary catalog
 # CCTV_CALGARY_ROWS_URL=                               # override the Open Calgary catalog URL
+# CCTV_CATALONIA_ENABLED=1                             # set 0 to disable the Servei Català de Trànsit cameras
+# CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES=150                       # cap cameras loaded from Catalonia (~130 exist today)
+# CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_ENABLED=1                            # set 0 to disable the King County (Washington) road cameras
+# CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES=125                      # cap cameras loaded from the King County catalog
+# CCTV_WSDOT_ENABLED=1                                 # set 0 to disable the WSDOT (Washington State) highway cameras
+# CCTV_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES=250                           # cap cameras loaded from the WSDOT catalog, nearest Seattle/Spokane first; min 8, max 1200
 # CCTV_VEGVESEN_ENABLED=1                              # set 0 to disable the Statens vegvesen (Norway) road cameras
 # CCTV_VEGVESEN_MAX_SOURCES=900                        # cap cameras loaded from Statens vegvesen (default loads all ~850 live; max 1000)
 # CCTV_VEGVESEN_VIDEO=1                                # set 0 to show stills instead of live HLS for Statens vegvesen video cameras
@@ -226,6 +232,11 @@ AISSTREAM_API_KEY=
 # CCTV_NYC_ENABLED=                                    # off by default; set 1 only if you hold a NYC DOT data-sharing agreement ([email protected]) for the camera feed
 # CCTV_NYC_MAX_SOURCES=250                             # cap cameras loaded from the NYC TMC catalog (nearest borough cores first)
 # CCTV_NYC_CAMERAS_URL=                                # override the NYC TMC catalog URL
+# CCTV_TORONTO_ENABLED=1                              # set 0 to disable the City of Toronto RESCU cameras
+# CCTV_TORONTO_MAX_SOURCES=336                         # cap cameras loaded from Toronto RESCU (clamped to 8–500)
+# CCTV_TORONTO_LIST_URL=                               # override the Toronto RESCU camera list URL
+# CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED=                              # off by default; set 1 to load Via Lietuva / Eismoinfo road cameras (photo licence unconfirmed; see DATA_SOURCES.md)
+# CCTV_LITHUANIA_MAX_SOURCES=400                       # cap Lithuanian cameras; no API key required
 # CCTV_MAX_SOURCES=4000                                # catalog-wide ceiling, shared round-robin across packs
 # CCTV_PREFER_AUSTIN=1                                 # prioritize Austin cameras in the registry
 # CCTV_FORCE_AUSTIN=                                   # force live default sources when a source-pack JSON is configured

.gitignore

@@ -21,3 +21,6 @@ qa-artifacts/
 3d-models/
 pinokio/ENVIRONMENT
 pinokio/.installed
+
+# Transient: a release interrupted mid-assembly (npm run changelog recovers it)
+changelog.d/.assembling/

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,91 @@
 # Changelog
 
+- The tracked-aircraft descriptor now publishes `verticalRateMps`, on both the
+  civil and military layers, so a consumer reading `getTrackedInfo()` no longer
+  has to reach past it into the raw poll record for climb/descent. Reported,
+  never derived: an aircraft that has not transmitted a rate reads as `null`
+  rather than a level-flight `0`.
+
+- Add nine Ontario transit feeds: TTC, MiWay, Hamilton HSR, Durham Region,
+  YRT/Viva, Guelph, Burlington, Barrie and Kingston, each carrying its own
+  licence quote and attribution. A feed can now name its own modes, so Toronto's
+  trams read "Streetcar" while Helsinki's stay "Tram", and a feed whose route ids
+  are internal keys can translate them to the number a rider would say. TTC
+  vehicles take their mode from the fleet number first, so replacement buses on
+  streetcar routes read as buses and out-of-service streetcars stay streetcars.
+
+- CCTV cameras with identified hardware show the model's datasheet specs. When a
+  source names a camera model found in the vendored CCTV Camera Database records
+  (CC0), the HUD meta line adds its resolution, night vision and PTZ capability.
+  A fixed single-lens model's horizontal FOV fills in when the source states no
+  FOV and the pose is not curated (`FOV n° (DATASHEET)`); a PTZ or varifocal
+  range is what the lens can do, not its current zoom, so those cameras keep the
+  estimate and show `SPEC FOV min–max° (CAPABILITY)` beside it (bassem chagra,
+  #452).
+
+- Ship a web app manifest and raster home-screen icons, so adding the app to a
+  phone home screen or installing it on desktop uses the God's Eye View mark
+  instead of a blank tile. The icons are generated from `public/logo.svg` by
+  `node scripts/generate-icons.mjs` and committed, so a plain `vite build` needs
+  no image toolchain. The existing SVG favicon still serves the browser tab.
+  Manifest paths are relative to the manifest, so a build served under a path
+  prefix installs and launches inside that prefix.
+
+- Cyclone advisories no longer go dark while NHC publishes an advisory ahead
+  of its nominal time: advisory and position times up to 90 minutes ahead of
+  the server clock are accepted (previously 5 minutes), so the whole feed is
+  not rejected for about half an hour each advisory cycle.
+
+- Flights age out vanished aircraft again. OpenSky's routine position-less rows
+  no longer mark every snapshot partial, which had kept vanished and landed
+  aircraft at full opacity for up to five minutes; those rows retain only their
+  own aircraft, and a likely-landed one still leaves on the landed limit.
+
+- Add WSDOT highway cameras (Washington State) as a keyless CCTV source pack:
+  WSDOT's official Travel Center camera layer, with frames registered only on
+  WSDOT's own image host (partner-hosted cameras such as Oregon DOT and City of
+  Seattle are skipped). Cameras with a single cardinal `CompassDirection` get
+  a high-confidence heading; `B` (both directions), `O`, and unset directions
+  use the shared id-hash fallback at low confidence. By default the 250
+  cameras nearest Seattle and Spokane load; `CCTV_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES` sets the
+  cap (8–1,200) and `CCTV_WSDOT_ENABLED=0` turns the pack off (bassem chagra,
+  #644).
+
+- Refuse still-image cameras on the CCTV media relay. `/api/cctv/media` is the
+  live-feed route, but it also relayed any registered still camera through an
+  ordinary fetch that followed redirects to any host, passed through whatever
+  content type came back and had no cap on the body, bypassing every protection
+  `/api/cctv/frame` applies to the same URL. Only HLS, MP4, WebM and MJPEG
+  feeds are relayed now; a still camera, or an unknown id, gets a JSON 404
+  without an upstream request and is served only through `/api/cctv/frame`.
+  The client already loaded stills through `/frame`, so nothing it requests
+  changes.
+
+- Add Lithuania's public Via Lietuva / Eismoinfo road cameras to CCTV, with published coordinates, on-demand snapshots, attribution and bounded catalog requests. No API key is required. The pack is opt-in (`CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED=1`) because its camera endpoints are the eismoinfo.lt website backend, not a service listed in Via Lietuva's open-data statement, so the licence for the photos is unconfirmed.
+
+- Add King County road cameras (Washington State) as a keyless CCTV source
+  pack: one public King County DOT ArcGIS layer, fetched with an explicit field
+  list so its staff-name columns are never requested, and frames pinned to the
+  county's own image host and upgraded to HTTPS. WSDOT-owned rows are skipped,
+  and city-owned cameras the county hosts credit their owner. The layer
+  publishes no facing, so headings use the shared id-hash fallback at low
+  confidence. It does publish each camera's hardware, which is served on
+  `/api/cctv/sources` as `model` and `manufacturer`. `CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES`
+  sets the cap and `CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_ENABLED=0` turns the pack off
+  (bassem chagra, #645).
+
+- Add City of Toronto RESCU traffic cameras as a keyless CCTV source pack: the
+  ~336 municipal cameras the Ontario 511 pack does not carry — downtown
+  arterials plus the Gardiner, DVP, Allen and Lake Shore. The list is the
+  City's own open data feed; frames are built from the documented
+  `loc####.jpg` convention and a digits-only camera number, so the frame proxy
+  is pinned to the portal origin by construction. The dataset publishes no
+  camera facing — its `D1`-`D4` fields describe static 2016 comparison images,
+  not the live pan-tilt-zoom frame — so headings use the shared id-hash
+  fallback at low confidence and are corrected with the calibration gizmo.
+  Carries the required Open Government Licence – Toronto attribution. Disable
+  with `CCTV_TORONTO_ENABLED=0`.
+
 - Stop one retired bikeshare feed from reporting the whole layer as failed.
   City feeds are fetched independently, but failure was recorded in a single
   flag that only a successful *activation* cleared — and an already-loaded city
@@ -19,6 +105,11 @@
   have wound down — CoGo's feed reports no stations and last moved a bike in
   March 2025. The three repointed feeds were verified live.
 
+- Add seven Brazilian Bike Itaú (Tembici) cities to the GBFS bikeshare registry:
+  São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Recife, Porto Alegre, Brasília and
+  Curitiba (about 1,000 stations in total). These are the layer's first stations
+  in South America.
+
 - Add Bike Share Toronto (1,069 stations) to the bikeshare registry. The system
   publishes the same PBSC GBFS v2 feeds as the Austin, Honolulu and Chattanooga
   entries, so it needs no new plumbing; a registry test now holds every city's
@@ -63,6 +154,18 @@
   the five borough cores load and `CCTV_NYC_MAX_SOURCES` changes the cap. The catalog-wide ceiling is
   unchanged; extra cameras share it round-robin with the other packs.
 
+- Spanish interface (`es`), translated by @meirm (#602) and reviewed against the
+  current English.
+
+- Interface localization, starting with Russian. UI text is marked with
+  `t()`, `tn()` (plurals) and `msg()` in code and `data-i18n*` in markup, keyed
+  by the English text itself; each language is one flat JSON catalog
+  (`src/i18n/locales/ru.json`). The language comes from `?lang=`, the language
+  picker (the globe button in the bottom-right corner), then the browser
+  language; English stays the default and the fallback. `npm run i18n`, also
+  run by `npm test`, fails on missing, unused or broken translations. Built on
+  the i18n foundation by @meirm (#601), with the Russian catalog started
+  from #312. It also fails on UI text that is not marked at all.
 - Street Level counts unique tiles before ranking so overlapping dateline halves
   in polar views do not waste slots in the 16-tile overview budget.
 
@@ -75,6 +178,9 @@
 
 - Director timeline seeks cross the dateline along the short longitude arc.
 
+- Keep unknown GBFS availability counts neutral instead of turning null or empty
+  values into zero bikes.
+
 - Recent Imagery continues past malformed records in full catalog pages, respects the requested record limit, and reports results as truncated when that limit drops valid records.
 
 - Regional articles retain unknown publication times when compact source dates do not identify a real calendar instant.
@@ -351,6 +457,18 @@
   largest cities) and `CCTV_VEGVESEN_VIDEO=0` keeps stills only. Attributed
   under NLOD 2.0.
 
+- Add Catalonia (Servei Català de Trànsit) as a keyless CCTV source pack: ~130
+  cameras from a WFS/GML feed that aggregates SCT's own highway cameras with
+  hotlinked Barcelona and Terrassa municipal cameras, each partner named as a
+  credit beside the shared provider. Ambient-card refresh paced to 3 minutes,
+  matching the empirically observed upstream cadence. `CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES`
+  sets the cap and `CCTV_CATALONIA_ENABLED=0` turns the pack off. The catalog
+  is fetched over https with redirects refused and a 1 MiB body cap, and frame
+  links carrying userinfo or an explicit port, or outside the publisher's frame
+  directory, are rejected even on an allowlisted host. Camera ids come from
+  each frame's SCT camera file or image path rather than the feed's
+  restart-dependent feature id, and rows the feed repeats collapse to one.
+
 - Import your own GeoJSON, KML, KMZ and GPX files from DISPLAY or by dropping
   them onto the app. Show, hide, fly to or remove each file for the session.
   GeoJSON/GPX draw on the ground; KML retains its styles and explicit heights.
@@ -386,14 +504,6 @@
   needs only the Map Tiles API and the Maps JavaScript API (Street View). Keyless sessions and the Photon/Nominatim
   fallback order are unchanged.
 
-- Read satellite catalog numbers above 99999. A TLE writes them in Alpha-5,
-  a letter for the first two digits (`A0000` is 100000), which the satellites
-  layer converted to `NaN`: every such satellite shared one catalog entry and
-  all but the first were dropped as duplicates. The satellite tools read the
-  same field as no number, so such a satellite could not be found by it. The
-  layer and the tools now decode the field in `src/sources/tle.js`
-  (Honorius Neogy, #767, fixes #751).
-
 ## [0.2.1] — 2026-10-02 — God's Eye View through Your Agent (with security fixes and other features)
 
 - Ship each bundled data pack once. The region, marine, admin-boundary,

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ The highest-leverage places to jump in:
 - ES modules, **2-space indent, single quotes, semicolons.**
 - JSDoc on exported/public functions.
 - Match the surrounding code — comment density, naming, and idiom.
+- User-visible text goes through `t()`, `tn()` or `msg()`, or a `data-i18n*` attribute in markup, and `npm run i18n` must pass. See [docs/I18N.md](docs/I18N.md).
 - Prefer small, reviewable commits. Conventional-commit-style prefixes (`feat:`, `fix:`, `perf:`, `docs:`) are appreciated but not required.
 
 ## Formatting and reusable components
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ ownership and adoption process.
 
 1. Branch off `main`.
 2. Keep `npm run build`, `npm test`, and `npm run test:track` green and avoid new console errors, plus the [feature gate](#feature-regression-gates) for the area you touched.
-3. If you change runtime behavior, update `docs/CURRENT-STATE.md` and `CHANGELOG.md` in the same PR.
+3. If you change runtime behavior, update `docs/CURRENT-STATE.md` in the same PR, and add your changelog entry as `changelog.d/<pr-number>-<slug>.md` instead of editing `CHANGELOG.md` — see [changelog.d/README.md](changelog.d/README.md). Distinct filenames don't conflict; a release assembles the directory into `CHANGELOG.md`. A documentation claim that needs a regression test should assert against `docs/CURRENT-STATE.md` or `README.md`, which a PR still edits directly.
 4. If you add or change a data source, update [DATA_SOURCES.md](DATA_SOURCES.md) with its license and attribution. **Don't add data you don't have the right to redistribute** — fetch it at runtime instead.
 5. Describe what you changed and how you verified it (screenshots welcome for anything visual).
 

DATA_SOURCES.md

@@ -59,10 +59,17 @@ How to read this:
 | **Fintraffic / Digitraffic (weathercams)**                            | CCTV camera catalog + frames, Finland                                                                                               | [CC BY 4.0](https://www.digitraffic.fi/en/terms-of-service/) — attribution REQUIRED                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | "Fintraffic / digitraffic.fi, license CC BY 4.0"                                                                                            |
 | **DriveBC** (Government of British Columbia)                          | CCTV camera catalog + frames, British Columbia highways                                                                             | [Open Government Licence – British Columbia](https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/data/open-data/open-government-licence-bc) — attribution REQUIRED                                                                                                                                                                                                     | "DriveBC. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – British Columbia"                                               |
 | **Open Calgary** (`data.calgary.ca`)                                  | CCTV camera catalog + frames, Calgary                                                                                               | [Open Government Licence – City of Calgary](https://data.calgary.ca/stories/s/Open-Calgary-Terms-of-Use/u45n-7awa) — attribution REQUIRED                                                                                                                                                                                                             | "Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – City of Calgary"                                                         |
+| **Servei Català de Trànsit** (+ Ajuntament de Barcelona, Ajuntament de Terrassa) | CCTV camera catalog + frames, Catalonia                                                                              | [Llicència oberta d'ús d'informació - Catalunya](https://web.gencat.cat/ca/generalitat/dades-indicadors/dades-obertes/llicencies) — attribution REQUIRED                                                                                                                                                                                             | "Servei Català de Trànsit"; partner-supplied cameras also name their owner                                                                  |
+| **King County Road Services** (`services.arcgis.com`, King County GIS) | CCTV camera catalog + frames, unincorporated King County WA road network                                                            | [KCGIS Center terms](https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/kcit/data-information-services/gis-center/about/terms-conditions-copyrights) — attribution required; public ArcGIS layer                                                                                                                                                                          | "King County Road Services" (partner-city cameras name their owner)                                                                         |
+| **WSDOT** (`data.wsdot.wa.gov`)                                       | CCTV camera catalog + frames, Washington State highways                                                                             | [WSDOT travel information disclaimer](https://wsdot.wa.gov/about/policies/travel-information-disclaimer) — public "low volume" feed; catalog cached, frames on WSDOT's own image host only                                                                                                                                                            | "Washington State Department of Transportation (Travel Center)" (courtesy)                                                                  |
 | **Statens vegvesen** (catalog `ogckart-sn1.atlas.vegvesen.no`, frames `kamera.atlas.vegvesen.no`, HLS `kamera.vegvesen.no`) | CCTV camera catalog + frames + live HLS video, Norway road cameras                                                                                   | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0) — attribution REQUIRED | "Contains data under the Norwegian licence for Open Government data (NLOD) distributed by Statens vegvesen" |
 | **NYC DOT Traffic Management Center** (`webcams.nyctmc.org`) | CCTV camera catalog + frames, New York City five boroughs | NYC DOT requires developers to sign a [data-sharing agreement](https://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/about/datafeeds.shtml) for the camera feed. **Off by default**; enable only under your own agreement | "NYC DOT Traffic Management Center" + NYC DOT's required application disclaimer (in the Data attribution popover) |
-| **GBFS (Lyft / BCycle / Social Bicycles / PBSC)**                     | Bikeshare availability                                                                                                              | Per-feed (attribution-only)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Credit the operator (e.g. Austin BCycle) + its `license_url`                                                                                |
+| **City of Toronto Open Data** (`opendata.toronto.ca`)                 | CCTV camera catalog + frames, Toronto city streets                                                                                  | [Open Government Licence – Toronto](https://www.toronto.ca/city-government/data-research-maps/open-data/open-data-licence/) — attribution REQUIRED                                                                                                                                                                                                    | "Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Toronto"                                                                 |
+| **GBFS (Lyft / BCycle / Social Bicycles / PBSC)**                     | Bikeshare availability                                                                                                              | Per-feed (attribution-only)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Credit the operator (e.g. Austin BCycle) + its `license_url`                                                                                                   |
 | **Bike Share Toronto** (`toronto.publicbikesystem.net`) | Bikeshare station availability, Toronto | Operator GBFS feed. No licence is published: the City's open-data package declares none and the feed has no `license_url`. Attribution is given to the operator. | "Bike Share Toronto (Toronto Parking Authority)" |
+| **Bike Itaú / Tembici** (`*.publicbikesystem.net`, seven Brazilian cities, Santiago and Bogotá) | Bikeshare station availability: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Recife, Porto Alegre, Brasília, Curitiba, Santiago de Chile and Bogotá | Operator GBFS feeds. No licence is published: the feeds' `system_information.json` carries no `license_url`, operator or attribution fields. Attribution is given to the operator. | "Bike Itaú (Tembici)"; "Tembici Bogotá" |
+| **Bicing** (`barcelona.publicbikesystem.net`) | Bikeshare station availability, Barcelona | Operator GBFS feed (PBSC), keyless. The feed publishes no licence; the City's own open-data copy of the same station data is CC BY 4.0 but needs a token. Attribution is given to the operator. | "Bicing, Barcelona City Council (B:SM)" |
+| **AMBici** (nextbike, `gbfs.nextbike.net`) | Bikeshare station availability, Barcelona metropolitan area (e-bikes) | Operator GBFS feed, keyless. `system_information.license_id` is **CC0-1.0**; no attribution required, given anyway. | "AMBici, Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona, operated by nextbike" |
 | **Oslo / Bergen / Trondheim Bysykkel** (Urban Sharing, `gbfs.urbansharing.com`) | Bikeshare availability, Oslo, Bergen and Trondheim city bikes. Keyless GBFS; the proxy sends the `Client-Identifier` header the operators ask for | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0) — attribution REQUIRED ([Oslo](https://oslobysykkel.no/en/open-data/realtime), [Bergen](https://bergenbysykkel.no/en/apne-data/sanntid), [Trondheim](https://trondheimbysykkel.no/en/open-data/realtime)) | "Contains data under the Norwegian licence for Open Government data (NLOD) made available by Oslo Bysykkel, Bergen Bysykkel and Trondheim Bysykkel" |
 | **Kolumbus / Farte Bysykkel** (Entur Mobility, `api.entur.io/mobility/v2/gbfs`) | Bikeshare availability, Kolumbus Bysykkel (Stavanger/Nord-Jæren) and Farte Bysykkel (Skien/Porsgrunn). Keyless GBFS; the proxy sends the `ET-Client-Name` header Entur requires and is limited to Entur's GBFS paths | [NLOD](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0) per the [Entur Mobility API docs](https://developer.entur.org/pages-mobility-docs-mobility-v2) — attribution REQUIRED | "Contains data under the Norwegian licence for Open Government data (NLOD) made available by Entur (Kolumbus Bysykkel, Farte Bysykkel)" |
 | **JCDecaux Cyclocity** (`api.cyclocity.fr`) | Bikeshare availability, Bysykkel Lillestrøm. Keyless GBFS; the proxy is limited to JCDecaux contract paths | [Licence Ouverte / Etalab](https://developer.jcdecaux.com/files/Open-Licence-fr.pdf) (the feed's `license_url`) — attribution REQUIRED | "Bysykkel Lillestrøm: JCDecaux, Licence Ouverte" |
@@ -73,6 +80,15 @@ How to read this:
 | **Entur** (api.entur.io) | Transit layer live vehicles, Norway | Entur open realtime vehicle data, used for the live view; published for developer use and not against their use. The client sends the `ET-Client-Name` identifying header. | Attribution to Entur (courtesy text) |
 | **TransLink** (Queensland Government) | Transit layer live vehicles, South East Queensland | TransLink / Queensland Government open realtime vehicle data, used for the live view; published for developer use and not against their use. | Attribution to TransLink / Queensland Government (courtesy text) |
 | **HSL** (realtime.hsl.fi) | Transit layer live vehicles, Helsinki | HSL (Helsinki Region Transport) open realtime vehicle data, used for the live view; published for developer use and not against their use. | Attribution to HSL (Helsinki Region Transport) (courtesy text) |
+| **TTC** (bustime.ttc.ca) | Transit layer live vehicles, Toronto — surface vehicles (buses and streetcars) only | Toronto Transit Commission BusTime open realtime vehicle data, published through City of Toronto Open Data and used for the live view. The subway publishes no vehicle positions, so Lines 1/2/4 are absent rather than inferred. | Attribution to Toronto Transit Commission — City of Toronto Open Data, under the Open Government Licence – Toronto |
+| **MiWay** (miapp.ca) | Transit layer live vehicles, Mississauga ON | MiWay open realtime vehicle data, published by the City of Mississauga under its Open Data Terms of Use, used for the live view. The licence is revocable and asks that the Terms of Use link travel with the data. | Attribution to MiWay — City of Mississauga Open Data, linked to the Terms of Use |
+| **Hamilton HSR** (opendata.hamilton.ca) | Transit layer live vehicles, Hamilton ON | Hamilton Street Railway open realtime vehicle data, published by the City of Hamilton for commercial and non-commercial use. Not one of its 80 route ids is the number on the bus, so the route-number table in `src/data/transitFeeds.js` is derived from the City’s own published GTFS `routes.txt` under the same licence; two generations of id run at once and both are listed. | "Contains public sector Data made available under the City of Hamilton’s Open Data Licence" — wording prescribed by the licence |
+| **Durham Region Transit** (drtonline.durhamregiontransit.com) | Transit layer live vehicles, Durham Region ON | Durham Region Transit open realtime vehicle data, published under the Region of Durham Open Data Licence v.1.0, which permits commercial use. | "Contains public sector information made available under The Regional Municipality of Durham's Open Data Licence" |
+| **Guelph Transit** (glphtrpcloud.com) | Transit layer live vehicles, Guelph ON | Guelph Transit open realtime vehicle data, published by the City of Guelph on its open-data developer page and used for the live view. Its route ids are internal database keys, so the 33-row route-number table in `src/data/transitFeeds.js` is derived from the City’s own published GTFS `routes.txt` under the same licence. | "Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – City of Guelph" — wording prescribed by the licence |
+| **Kingston Transit** (api.cityofkingston.ca) | Transit layer live vehicles, Kingston ON | Kingston Transit open realtime vehicle data, catalogued by the City of Kingston as open data and used for the live view. | "Contains information licensed under the Open Data Licence – City of Kingston" — wording prescribed by the licence |
+| **Barrie Transit** (myridebarrie.ca) | Transit layer live vehicles, Barrie ON | Barrie Transit realtime data, published by the City of Barrie under a licence accepted by use of the data. The licence is revocable and requires no attribution. | Courtesy credit to the City of Barrie (the licence requires none, and its trademark clause is broad) |
+| **YRT/Viva** (rtu.york.ca) | Transit layer live vehicles, York Region ON | York Region Transit realtime data, first-party York Region infrastructure under the YRT Open Data Licence v2.0, which permits commercial use and makes attribution optional. Viva route ids are named by colour from York Region’s published GTFS. | "Contains public transit Information made available under YRT’s Open Data Licence" — the licence’s own wording, given though not required |
+| **Burlington Transit** (opendata.burlington.ca) | Transit layer live vehicles, Burlington ON | Burlington Transit realtime data under the City of Burlington Open Data Terms of Use, which permit any lawful purpose. The terms are revocable and must travel with the data, so the credit links them. Route ids are internal keys and are joined to the City’s published GTFS. | Credit to the City of Burlington plus a link to its Open Data Terms of Use, which the licence requires |
 | **Radio Browser**                                                     | Geolocated internet-radio station directory and station-level tags                                                                  | Public-domain directory data under PDDL 1.0; individual broadcaster stream terms apply                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | "Radio Browser" plus a link to the selected broadcaster                                                                                     |
 | **Re:Earth Terrain** (Mapterhorn)                                     | Terrain (keyless globe stacks — OSM etc. — + `/api/terrain/heights` ellipsoidal-height lookups)                                     | Terrain mesh: CC BY 4.0; geoid: EGM2008 (NGA, public domain)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | "Terrain (keyless globe stacks): Re:Earth Terrain / Mapterhorn (CC BY 4.0) / EGM2008 (NGA)"                                                 |
 | **OSRM on the FOSSGIS routing servers** (`routing.openstreetmap.de`) | Street-following routes for the Directions layer and voice route annotations, via `/api/route` | [FOSSGIS routing usage policy](https://routing.openstreetmap.de/about.html): "Display the required attribution and display a link to 'fix the map'", "Use a valid user agent and, if applicable, a correct referrer", "One request per second max", "No scraping, no heavy usage". The full policy is the German [FOSSGIS Nutzungsbedingungen](https://www.fossgis.de/arbeitsgruppen/osm-server/nutzungsbedingungen/); FOSSGIS also states that the server may be embedded in your own pages but "eine gewerbliche Nutzung ist nur mit Einschränkungen erlaubt" (commercial use only with restrictions). Route data derives from OpenStreetMap (ODbL 1.0) | "Routing: OSRM on the FOSSGIS servers" + a "fix the map" link — shown in the Data attribution popover |
@@ -91,6 +107,8 @@ The optional Local ADS-B layer and the broadcast-FM receiver use radio you recei
 
   **Quebec is thinly represented**, and that is upstream rather than a filter here: the province runs its own Info-Smog program, so only a handful of Quebec stations appear in ECCC's national feed. The reporting station count also varies hour to hour as stations report or fall silent.
 
+- **Via Lietuva / Eismoinfo (Lithuania).** Public road-camera catalogs and periodically updated still images from [Eismoinfo](https://eismoinfo.lt/), credited to Via Lietuva / eismoinfo.lt in the app. **Off by default.** The camera endpoints are the eismoinfo.lt website backend and are not among the services listed in Via Lietuva's [open-data statement](https://eismoinfo.lt/eismoinfo-backend/content?id=44), whose conditions are attribution and reuse on the same terms. Until the statement is confirmed to cover the camera photos, the pack loads only when an operator sets `CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED=1`; with the flag unset, empty or any other value, the server makes no request to Eismoinfo. `eismoinfo-backend/camera-info-table` is joined by ID to `layer-static-features/VKR`. Without `lks=true`, the latter returns WGS84 `[latitude, longitude]`; the table's `x/y` instead use LKS-94 metres. Only the official HTTPS `/eismoinfo-backend/image-provider/camera/last?id=…` image endpoint is registered. Catalogs use the shared 15-minute cache; frames are fetched on demand and never bundled or archived. These are periodic snapshots, not continuous video. Camera headings are low-confidence estimates. No API key is required. `CCTV_LITHUANIA_MAX_SOURCES` defaults to 400.
+
 - **Google Maps Platform.** You supply your own API key and are bound by [Google's ToS](https://cloud.google.com/maps-platform/terms). Google Maps Content (tiles, geocodes, places) **may not be cached, stored, rehosted, or committed** — this app only ever uses it live, which is the compliant pattern. The "Google" attribution is displayed on the globe and must stay visible. Restrict your key (see [SECURITY.md](SECURITY.md)).
 - **OpenSky Network.** Its license is **non-commercial**, and operational use of the REST API in a live product can require a prior written agreement with OpenSky — even for non-profit/government use. If you deploy this commercially, contact OpenSky for your own terms. The flights layer is a toggle and runs anonymously by default.
 - **adsb.lol flight fallback.** When OpenSky is unavailable and no last-good OpenSky response exists, the server requests a cached, capped 250 nm adsb.lol point snapshot around the current camera subpoint. This is regional observed context, not worldwide completeness; provenance is exposed in the Flights stats/context row. Military ICAOs remain reconciled through the existing dedicated military registry rather than duplicated.
@@ -142,10 +160,14 @@ The optional Local ADS-B layer and the broadcast-FM receiver use radio you recei
 - **Warendorf webcam.** The Stadt Warendorf Marktplatz webcam, registered from the curated `config/cctv_sources.warendorf.json` (the Kreis Warendorf registration-office cameras from the contributing PR are indoor waiting rooms and were left out); only the municipal image host is proxied, frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. Disable with `CCTV_WARENDORF_ENABLED=0`.
 - **Live Traffic NSW cameras.** The camera list is the keyless public `data.livetraffic.com/cameras/traffic-cam.json` feed (Transport for NSW open data, CC BY 4.0); frames are stills on `webcams.transport.nsw.gov.au`, and only that host is registered. That image host answers non-browser clients with an HTML placeholder, so the proxy identifies as a browser for that one host and as itself everywhere else. Frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. Disable with `CCTV_NSW_ENABLED=0`.
 - **Open Calgary traffic cameras.** Keyless. The camera list is the public Socrata dataset `k7p9-kppz` on `data.calgary.ca`; frames are stills on the city's own `trafficcam.calgary.ca` host, and only that host is registered. Most rows publish an `http://` frame URL and the host redirects those to HTTPS, so URLs are upgraded and pinned to that origin before registration. Frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. The dataset publishes no camera facing: the `quadrant` field and the quadrant suffix on each camera name are Calgary's address grid, not a bearing, so headings use the shared id-hash fallback at low confidence and are corrected with the in-app calibration gizmo. The licence requires the attribution statement above. Disable with `CCTV_CALGARY_ENABLED=0`.
+- **Catalonia (Servei Català de Trànsit) cameras.** The camera list is the keyless `https://www.gencat.cat/transit/opendata/cameres.xml` WFS/GML feed, fetched over https with redirects refused and the body read capped at 1 MiB, since the list decides ids, coordinates and which allowlisted frame path is proxied. It carries a `font` field naming the real publisher per camera; this pack keeps SCT's own highway cameras plus hotlinked Barcelona (IMI) and Terrassa municipal cameras (~130 total), each confirmed to return a real frame, so frame URLs are checked against a small host allowlist (`mct.gencat.cat`, `www.bcn.cat`, `emap.terrassa.cat`) rather than one pinned origin (a link carrying `user:pass@` userinfo or an explicit port, or pointing outside that host's frame directory, is rejected even on an allowed host; an SCT `sctidcam` must be a bare `.gif`/`.jpg` filename), and every non-SCT camera carries its real owner as a `credit` shown beside the shared `provider`. The feed carries no compass heading, so every camera loads at low heading confidence (same as TfL and Fintraffic). SCT's own feed link (`RenderService`) needed a workaround: it always 302s to a second endpoint (`TransitCamera`) on a Location the upstream hardcodes as plain http even when requested over https — refused by `fetchWithinHost`'s same-origin (scheme-included) redirect policy — and separately, `mct.gencat.cat`'s TLS setup fails the handshake with Node's fetch outright (`ERR_SSL_WRONG_SIGNATURE_TYPE`) even though other HTTP clients complete it. The loader therefore builds the `TransitCamera` URL itself, over plain http, from `RenderService`'s `sctidcam` id, rather than registering the (broken) upstream link — the only transport this one host actually serves to this runtime. Camera ids are built from the SCT camera file or the partner image path, not the feed's `fid` (which embeds an upstream server-start stamp and changes on every upstream restart), and rows the feed lists more than once collapse to one camera. The feed carries no camera status field, so a camera its publisher has taken offline still registers and shows the publisher's own "image unavailable" still (SCT and Barcelona both serve one with HTTP 200), the same as other packs without a status field. Frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. The feed itself states no licence; the pack relies on the Generalitat de Catalunya open-data portal's terms for this dataset (the licence and attribution above). Disable with `CCTV_CATALONIA_ENABLED=0`.
+- **King County road cameras.** Keyless. The camera list is one public ArcGIS FeatureServer GeoJSON query (King County DOT Road Services, "King County and WSDOT Traffic Cameras"). The `outFields` list is explicit on purpose: the layer also carries asset-administration columns — including staff names — that are never fetched. Only live, active cameras with frames on the county's own `info.kingcounty.gov` image handler are registered (the feed writes `http://`; the handler serves HTTPS, so URLs are upgraded and pinned before registration). WSDOT-owned rows in the layer are skipped because their frames are WSDOT-hosted, outside the pinned image origin; partner-city cameras hosted on the county image handler (e.g. Newcastle) name their owner as the per-camera credit. The layer publishes no facing, so headings use the shared id-hash fallback at low confidence. Uniquely, the county publishes each camera's hardware `Manufacturer`/`Model` (Cohu 3950/3965, Bosch AUTODOME, Axis PTZ domes); both are carried on the source (and served by `/api/cctv/sources`) as `model` and `manufacturer` for identified-hardware consumers (vendor-generic strings such as `PTZ` name no model and are omitted). Frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. Disable with `CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_ENABLED=0`.
+- **WSDOT highway cameras.** Keyless. The camera list is the Esri JSON layer `data.wsdot.wa.gov/travelcenter/Cameras.json` — the same layer WSDOT's own Travel Center map consumes (~1,700 point features, EPSG:3857 geometry converted to WGS84 on load; the body carries Windows-1252 bytes and is decoded as such). Only frames on WSDOT's own `images.wsdot.wa.gov` host are registered — the catalog also lists ~70 partner cameras (Oregon DOT, City of Seattle, lodges, airports) whose own terms apply, and those are skipped rather than proxied. WSDOT's layer metadata marks the feed for "low volume" use (see WSDOT's [travel information disclaimer](https://wsdot.wa.gov/about/policies/travel-information-disclaimer)). The catalog is fetched once per CCTV catalog refresh (every 15 minutes), and a camera's frame is fetched only when that camera is viewed; frames are never stored or redistributed. The live feed's `CompassDirection` is a single cardinal (N/E/S/W), `B` (both directions — most rows), `O`, or null. A single cardinal gives a high-confidence heading (the diagonals NE/SE/SW/NW are mapped too should they appear); `B`, `O`, null, and any other code carry no single facing and use the shared id-hash fallback at low confidence. By default the 250 cameras nearest Seattle and Spokane load; `CCTV_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES` changes the cap (8–1,200) and `CCTV_WSDOT_ENABLED=0` turns the pack off. A keyed WSDOT Traveler Information API serves the same population for higher-volume use and is deliberately not required here.
 - **Statens vegvesen road cameras.** Keyless. The camera list is one GeoJSON request to the OGC API Features view of the official DATEX 3.1 CCTV site table (`ogckart-sn1.atlas.vegvesen.no/ogc/features/v1/collections/datex_3_1:CctvSimple/items`), so no DATEX account is needed; frames are stills on `kamera.atlas.vegvesen.no/api/images/<cameraId>`, and only that exact path per camera is registered. Cameras the feed reports as faulty are dropped. About 135 working cameras also publish live HLS (`kamera.vegvesen.no/public/<cameraId>/manifest.m3u8`, MPEG-TS); those play as live video through the bounded in-memory HLS relay, with the still as the snapshot fallback, and only that exact manifest path per camera is registered. `CCTV_VEGVESEN_VIDEO=0` keeps every camera on stills. `orientationDescription` names the place a camera faces, not a bearing, so it goes into the label and headings use the id-hash fallback at low confidence. By default every live camera loads (~850); `CCTV_VEGVESEN_MAX_SOURCES` (8–1000) lowers the cap, keeping the cameras nearest Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheim, Kristiansand, Bodø and Tromsø and `CCTV_VEGVESEN_ENABLED=0` turns the pack off. Frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. The NLOD attribution is registered in the Data attribution popover.
 - **NYC DOT Traffic Management Center cameras.** Off by default. NYC DOT's [developer data feeds page](https://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/about/datafeeds.shtml) asks developers who want the camera feed to contact `[email protected]` and sign a data-sharing agreement. This project does not hold one that covers downstream installations, so the pack loads only when an operator who holds their own agreement sets `CCTV_NYC_ENABLED=1`; with the flag unset, empty or any other value, the server makes no request to NYC DOT. The endpoint needs no key. The camera list is the public `webcams.nyctmc.org/api/cameras` catalog (~980 cameras across the five boroughs); frames are stills at `webcams.nyctmc.org/api/cameras/<uuid>/image`, synthesized from a validated UUID rather than taken from the payload, and only that host is registered. Cameras the feed reports as offline are dropped. The catalog publishes no camera facing, so headings use the shared id-hash fallback at low confidence and are corrected with the in-app calibration gizmo. Once enabled, the 250 cameras nearest the borough cores load; `CCTV_NYC_MAX_SOURCES` (8–400) changes the cap. Frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. NYC DOT asks every application that uses its data to carry its disclaimer; it is registered verbatim in the Data attribution popover.
+- **City of Toronto RESCU cameras.** Keyless. The camera list is the City's public `tmcearthcameras.json` on `opendata.toronto.ca` (dataset "Traffic Cameras", Transportation Services), served as JSONP and unwrapped with an anchored pattern. This is the municipal network the Ontario 511 pack does not carry: downtown arterials plus the Gardiner, DVP, Allen and Lake Shore. The list publishes no frame URL, so frame URLs are BUILT from the documented `CameraImages/loc####.jpg` convention and a strictly-digits camera number, pinning the frame proxy to the portal origin by construction; the list fetch refuses redirects and bounds the body it buffers. Frames are fetched at request time and never stored or redistributed. The dataset publishes no camera facing: the `D1`-`D4` fields are the directions of the *comparison* images (static reference stills captured in 2016 under a different path), not a bearing for the live pan-tilt-zoom frame, so headings use the shared id-hash fallback at low confidence and are corrected with the in-app calibration gizmo. A camera that is temporarily out of service still answers 200 with a byte-identical "Image Unavailable" placeholder rather than an error (about 6% of the network at any moment), so such a camera reads as healthy; the frame it shows is the agency's, not a synthesized one. The licence requires the attribution statement above. Disable with `CCTV_TORONTO_ENABLED=0`.
 - **Camera frame content.** Public camera frames can contain people, vehicles and license plates, and the camera layer does nothing with them beyond putting them on the map. A successful upstream response is relayed as the provider served it: nothing in the camera pipeline blurs, redacts, enhances or restores it, and nothing there runs face, plate or object detection or otherwise recognises or classifies what is in the picture. (The ALPR layer described below maps where plate-reader cameras are, from locations contributors tagged in OpenStreetMap; it reads nothing from any camera frame.) When an upstream has no frame for a camera, what you see instead is a Google Street View still or the app's own placeholder card; the panel's source badge names which of them you are looking at, and a refresh that fails after a frame has arrived leaves the last good picture on screen rather than replacing it. The browser resamples each frame for display: onto a fixed 1920x1080 surface for the camera's projection plane in the scene, and onto a 192x108 canvas for the small ambient card. That scaling is the only change made to the picture, and the only pixels the camera layer reads back are a 64x36 downscale hashed to tell whether the picture has changed. Live streams are piped through; the still path reads the image into memory to pass it on — TxDOT wraps its JPEG in a JSON envelope, which is decoded there — and no frame is written to disk (the disk cache, `.gev-cache/`, holds feed JSON for other layers and never camera imagery). Outside that pipeline, the voice assistant is the one feature that sends imagery anywhere: when it answers a question about what is in view it may attach a downscaled screenshot of the rendered scene — including any camera plane on screen — to the request it sends to the voice model. Frames are fetched only from server-registered camera URLs — a client cannot hand the proxy a URL (see [SECURITY.md](SECURITY.md)). What the app does stays inside the line README draws: no named-person search, no face recognition, no tracking individuals.
-- **Transit (GTFS-Realtime).** The proxy requests only registered operator feeds, validates redirects, bounds responses, and uses conditional requests, short snapshot caching and failure backoff. All seven registered regions are live-enabled; each can be disabled independently. Vehicles use delayed playback between reports, with report age and waiting states shown separately. Session-local selected trails are available for every feed. MBTA additionally retains up to 15 minutes of recently observed positions in the running proxy, so available history can survive a browser reload; server restart clears it. History reads never fetch upstream, and other feeds have no proxy retention. Nothing is archived to disk or collected in the background. Operator text credits are included as a courtesy and do not imply endorsement. Heights are aligned to work with Google 3D tiles; subway markers are shown at street level because these feeds do not supply depth.
+- **Transit (GTFS-Realtime).** The proxy requests only registered operator feeds, validates redirects, bounds responses, and uses conditional requests, short snapshot caching and failure backoff. All sixteen registered regions are live-enabled; each can be disabled independently. Vehicles use delayed playback between reports, with report age and waiting states shown separately. Session-local selected trails are available for every feed. MBTA additionally retains up to 15 minutes of recently observed positions in the running proxy, so available history can survive a browser reload; server restart clears it. History reads never fetch upstream, and other feeds have no proxy retention. Nothing is archived to disk or collected in the background. Operator text credits are included as a courtesy and do not imply endorsement. Heights are aligned to work with Google 3D tiles; subway markers are shown at street level because these feeds do not supply depth. The TTC feed is BusTime, the surface system: it carries buses and streetcars and no subway at all. About four in ten of its vehicles report no route at all (unassigned or deadheading), and those are shown with the feed default rather than a route-established mode. It sends no ETag or Last-Modified, so its conditional requests fall through to the ordinary snapshot cache. Three Golden Horseshoe neighbours run alongside it — MiWay, Hamilton HSR and Durham Region Transit — each bus-only and each polled only near its own region. Durham Region Transit publishes no bearing on any vehicle, so those sprites take their heading from observed movement like any other feed that omits it. Guelph, Kingston and Barrie extend the same pattern eastward and north. Hamilton, Guelph, Burlington and YRT publish route ids that are not the number on the vehicle, so those entries carry a route-name table taken from each operator’s own published GTFS; any id missing from a table renders unchanged rather than blank. A label is never invented: YRT runs a route `9101` that appears nowhere in its published routes, so it stays as the feed sends it. Burlington’s is the one that cannot be shortcut: `351` is route 1 while `3510` is route 10, so the table is a real join rather than a trimmed prefix. GO Transit / Metrolinx is deliberately absent: its REALTIME feed requires an API key issued by manual review, which the keyless admission rule excludes (its static schedule download is keyless, but carries no vehicle positions). Barrie and YRT/Viva each invite acceptance of their licence through a form, and each licence also states that using the data is itself acceptance; this deployment relies on that clause, which is recorded in both entries. Grand River Transit in Waterloo is absent for a different reason: it answers, but its feed header was months stale and it publishes no per-vehicle timestamps, so it would render vehicles that look live and are not. Ottawa’s OC Transpo falls to the same keyless admission rule as GO Transit — its realtime feed requires an API key. London Transit and Thunder Bay Transit publish vehicle positions over plain HTTP with no HTTPS endpoint available. Every other Ontario system — Brampton, Oakville, Niagara, Milton, Windsor, Greater Sudbury, UP Express and a dozen smaller operators — publishes static GTFS schedules only, with no realtime vehicle positions to register. Between the nine included and these exclusions, every Ontario realtime vehicle-position feed catalogued in the Mobility Database is accounted for.
 - **Radio Browser.** `/api/radio/stations` discovers official API mirrors, makes bounded and coalesced healthy/geolocated HTTPS-station queries, caches the normalized public-domain directory for 45 minutes, and may serve the last good catalog for up to seven days during an outage. Refreshes must meet minimum accepted-query and station coverage before replacing a warm catalog; schema-valid responses whose rows all fail the product's health policy do not count as successful queries. A usable partial cold catalog is explicitly `DEGRADED`, and malformed or empty successful payloads are rejected atomically. Every directory and click-count request rejects redirects, validates all resolved addresses as globally routable (including reserved/documentation IPv4 and special/non-global IPv6 exclusions), and pins the TLS connection to a validated address. Only MP3/AAC non-HLS directory rows with public HTTPS stream targets are returned; favicons are intentionally omitted. Pressing play connects one browser audio element directly to the selected broadcaster and calls the directory's click counter through known-ID-only `POST /api/radio/click/:uuid`. GEV never proxies, caches, records, bundles, or redistributes audio. Radio Browser supplies station-level tags, not dependable current-song or upcoming-program metadata, so Radio filtering never claims either. Direct playback exposes the listener's IP address to the broadcaster, whose own stream terms apply.
 - **TomTom Traffic.** Optional and BYOK: without `TOMTOM_API_KEY` the traffic layer runs its built-in simulation and no TomTom data (or attribution) appears. With a key, flow vector tiles are fetched through the server-side `/api/tomtom` proxy (120 s cache + a daily tile-budget governor — `TOMTOM_DAILY_TILE_BUDGET`, default 6,000 — sized so a 31-day month stays inside TomTom's 200K monthly free allowance; still a configurable application safety ceiling, not a guarantee; TomTom's [current pricing](https://docs.tomtom.com/pricing/) lists 200K free tile requests per month) and the "Traffic flow data © TomTom" credit is registered in the Data attribution popover the moment live mode activates. TomTom data is served live and cached only transiently (≤120 s TTL under `.gev-cache/`, gitignored) — it is not bundled or redistributed. One 23 KB point-in-time tile snapshot is committed as a decode-test fixture (`src/data/fixtures/`, © TomTom, never served to the app).
 - **Routing (OSRM / FOSSGIS).** `/api/route` proxies the public OSRM instances FOSSGIS e.V. runs for the OpenStreetMap community (car, bike, foot profiles). They are keyless and intended for fair, interactive use — the proxy rate-limits clients (60/min, 200/min total), caps route span and response size, caches each route for 10 minutes, and identifies itself in the User-Agent. Heavy or automated use must run its own OSRM. Routes are computed from OpenStreetMap data (ODbL); the Directions layer and voice routes never redistribute them. A route the router cannot find is reported as such; the Directions layer draws nothing in that case, and voice routes fall back to a clearly labeled straight line.
@@ -175,6 +197,7 @@ The [Bhote Koshi event pack](public/events/bhote-koshi-2026/README.md), under `p
 | **Natural Earth countries, states and provinces** (260 admin-0/map units + 4,587 admin-1 polygons)             | `natural_earth/`                  | **Public domain**                                                                                         | ✅ (no restrictions)                             | "Made with Natural Earth" (courtesy credit — not legally required)          |
 | **US Census Bureau counties** (3,235 county polygons)                       | `us_census_counties/`             | **Public domain**                                                                                         | ✅ (no restrictions)                             | "U.S. Census Bureau" (courtesy — not legally required)                      |
 | **CCTV ground heights** (3,445 cameras)                                     | `cctv_ground_heights/`            | Precomputed camera placement heights, aligned to work with Google Photorealistic 3D Tiles (folder README) | —                                                | —                                                                           |
+| **CCTV Camera Database** model-enrichment extract v2.26.0 (17 camera-model records) | `src/layers/cctv/modelSpecs.js` | **CC0-1.0** (public domain dedication) | ✅ (no restrictions) | "Specs: cctv-database.com" (courtesy — not legally required) |
 
 ### ⚠️ TeleGeography is bundled but NonCommercial
 
@@ -200,6 +223,17 @@ commercial use with attribution and applicable database share-alike/access
 obligations; it does not license the application code. Trimmed test-only tile
 fixtures retain their provenance in `src/data/fixtures/README.md`.
 
+### CCTV Camera Database (`src/layers/cctv/modelSpecs.js`)
+
+The CCTV layer's hardware-model specs are a small verbatim extract (v2.26.0) of the
+[CCTV Camera Database](https://github.com/ch-bas/cctv-camera-database), an open dataset of
+camera models transcribed from manufacturer datasheets, dedicated to the public domain under
+**CC0-1.0**. Only the records for hardware that the integrated public catalogs name (King
+County, Sarasota County and Sioux Falls) are bundled, compiled into the module. Nothing is
+fetched at runtime. The records describe camera products (optics, resolution, night vision)
+only, never endpoints, stream paths or access data. CC0 requires no attribution; the CCTV HUD
+credits it anyway as `SPECS: CCTV-DATABASE.COM` beside any spec line it renders.
+
 ### Bundled OpenStreetMap data
 
 Bundled OSM-derived data is distributed under [ODbL 1.0](https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/), separately from the MIT code: [datacenters](src/data/local_data/datacenters/), [dams](src/data/local_data/dams/) (via Open Infrastructure Map), [military names](src/data/local_data/osm_military_names/), and [OSM test fixtures](src/data/fixtures/). Keep © OpenStreetMap contributors and offer modified databases under ODbL.

README.md

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Start with the included data sources, then add your own. Each layer is a separat
 - **🔭 Satellite passes:** Ask by voice when any loaded satellite next rises over you: rise, peak and set times, and whether you can see it.
 - **🔎 Analyst answers:** Count, filter and rank satellites, datacenters and dams by voice, alongside flights, ships, fires and quakes; answers say when a feed is stale or on a fallback.
 - **🧭 Tilt and North Up:** Switch between straight-down and a 35° oblique, or put north at the top, while a tracked target stays centered.
-- **🔍 Keyless search:** Type coordinates or a bundled city or landmark to fly there with no network request; other names use Google when configured, then Photon and Nominatim.
+- **🔍 Keyless search:** Type decimal coordinates, a two-dimensional WGS84 `geo:` URI (for example, `geo:39.7392,-104.9903`), or a bundled city or landmark to fly there with no geocoder request; other names use Google when configured, then Photon and Nominatim.
 - **📦 Shareable scenes:** Import, preview and share Director scenes as files or bundles, with camera anchors, authored moves and data packs.
 - **🌊 Nepal flood scene:** Replay the Bhote Koshi flood: flood path, witness sources and before-and-after imagery (bundled data is non-commercial; see [DATA_SOURCES.md](DATA_SOURCES.md)).
 
@@ -377,11 +377,11 @@ Twenty layers and map sources. **Eighteen have a keyless path.** Some offer addi
 | 🌍 **Earthquakes**          | Global seismic activity, last 24h                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | USGS                                    | 🟢                                                                                                  |
 | ◍ **Air quality**           | Live AQHI on the published 1–10+ health-risk scale, with a Weather-panel card showing the band legend and the highest readings in view. **Canada only** — ECCC is the first registered provider | ECCC MSC GeoMet                          | 🟢                                                                                                  |
 | 🚗 **Traffic**              | Simulated vehicles on OSM roads. With TomTom, live flow speeds drive the simulation and congestion colors below ~8 km; individual vehicle positions are not live observations                                                                                                                                                                                                       | TomTom + OSM                            | 🟢 simulation · 🟡 live flow speeds                                                                 |
-| 📹 **CCTV Mesh**            | ~3,900 public cameras projected _into_ the 3D space — Austin · Texas (TxDOT) · California (Caltrans) · London (TfL) · Ontario (511) · Finland (Fintraffic) · British Columbia (DriveBC) · Estonia (Tallinn, Tarktee) · Delaware (DelDOT live video) · New South Wales (Live Traffic NSW) · Calgary · Norway (Statens vegvesen), plus opt-in New York City (NYC DOT TMC, needs your own NYC DOT agreement). Positions are published; poses are estimated priors **you calibrate by dragging a gizmo on the camera itself** | City APIs                               | 🟢                                                                                                  |
+| 📹 **CCTV Mesh**            | ~4,000 public cameras (shared cap) projected _into_ the 3D space — Austin · Texas (TxDOT) · California (Caltrans) · London (TfL) · Ontario (511) · Finland (Fintraffic) · British Columbia (DriveBC) · Estonia (Tallinn, Tarktee) · Delaware (DelDOT live video) · New South Wales (Live Traffic NSW) · Calgary · Norway (Statens vegvesen) · Toronto · King County (WA) · Washington (WSDOT) · Catalonia (Servei Català de Trànsit), plus opt-in New York City (NYC DOT TMC, needs your own NYC DOT agreement) and opt-in Lithuania (Via Lietuva / Eismoinfo, photo licence unconfirmed). Positions are published; poses are estimated priors **you calibrate by dragging a gizmo on the camera itself** | City APIs                               | 🟢                                                                                                  |
 | 📷 **Mapped ALPR Cameras**  | License-plate-reader camera locations tagged by OpenStreetMap contributors, loaded one city-sized view at a time, with **SHOW NEAREST**. Locations and tags only: no plate data, no video                                                                                                                                                                                           | OpenStreetMap (incl. DeFlock mapping)   | 🟢                                                                                                  |
 | 📷 **Street Level**         | Street-level photos behind one panel, one chip per provider: coverage on the streets, image cones, an embedded viewer and **FOLLOW**. Mapillary, Google Street View, KartaView and Panoramax | Mapillary · Google · KartaView · Panoramax | 🟢 KartaView, Panoramax · 🟡 Mapillary token · 🔴 Google Maps key |
 | 📻 **Radio**                | Geolocated world radio with an **analog tuner** — drag the needle across up to 750 stations and the globe flies to each broadcaster                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Radio Browser / broadcasters            | 🟢                                                                                                  |
-| 🚌 **Transit**              | Live buses, trams, metros, trains and ferries with delayed playback between reports, selected-vehicle trails, and mode-coloured DETECT labels — Boston, Austin, Minneapolis, Helsinki, the Netherlands, Norway, South East Queensland                                                                                                                                               | Operator GTFS-Realtime feeds            | 🟢                                                                                                  |
+| 🚌 **Transit**              | Live buses, trams, metros, trains and ferries with delayed playback between reports, selected-vehicle trails, and mode-coloured DETECT labels — Boston, Austin, Minneapolis, Helsinki, the Netherlands, Norway, South East Queensland, and nine in Ontario: Toronto (surface vehicles; the subway publishes no positions), Mississauga, Hamilton, Durham Region, York Region, Guelph, Burlington, Barrie and Kingston                                                                                                                                               | Operator GTFS-Realtime feeds            | 🟢                                                                                                  |
 | 🚲 **Bikeshare**            | Live station availability                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | GBFS                                    | 🟢                                                                                                  |
 | 🧭 **Directions**           | Click A and B on the globe for a street-following drive, walk or cycle route draped on the terrain with turn-by-turn steps — then FLY the camera along it. No key, no geocoder, no mic                                                                                                                                                                                              | OSRM on FOSSGIS servers (OpenStreetMap) | 🟢                                                                                                  |
 | 🔥 **Active Fires**         | Live NASA FIRMS detections, trailing 24h                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | NASA FIRMS                              | 🟡                                                                                                  |

SECURITY.md

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ The data proxies under `server/providers/` are written so the browser cannot tur
 - **Sanitized errors** — internal error details are not echoed back to clients.
 - **Coalesced OAuth refresh** and cached successful responses only (OpenSky).
 - **Redacted debug logging.** The voice debug log (`.gev-logs/`, gitignored) strips API keys, bearer tokens, client secrets, and image data URLs before writing.
-- **Cross-site gate on cost/log endpoints.** The cost-bearing (`/api/realtime/token`, `/api/openai/hud-summary`, `/api/google/nearby-places`, `/api/google/text-search`), quota-bearing (`/api/mapillary/*`, with a per-IP limit on tiles) and log (`/api/realtime/debug-log`) endpoints refuse cross-site browser requests: a foreign or opaque `Origin`, a `Sec-Fetch-Site` other than `same-origin`/`none` (this is what blocks an `<img>`/navigation that carries no `Origin`), or any reverse-proxy/CDN forwarding header returns `403`. Non-browser loopback tools (the repo QA harnesses POST the token endpoint with no `Origin`) and the explicit `HOST=0.0.0.0` LAN opt-in keep working — the gate deliberately does not require a loopback remote address; that stricter requirement belongs only to the credential panel (`admitKeySetupRequest`). The Host check (`allowedHosts`, applied by `hostCheckPlugin` ahead of every route, since Vite's own check runs only after plugin middleware) rejects a rebinding `Host` before any handler runs, in every mode, and the gate is defense in depth behind it: the LAN opt-in keeps that check and accepts only IP addresses, `localhost` and names listed in `GEV_ALLOWED_HOSTS`. **Limit:** a name you list there is trusted like the app's own address, so list only names you control.
+- **Cross-site gate on cost/log endpoints.** The cost-bearing (`/api/realtime/token`, `/api/openai/hud-summary`, `/api/google/nearby-places`, `/api/google/text-search`), quota-bearing (`/api/mapillary/*`, with a per-IP limit on tiles, and `/api/tomtom/*`, backed by its persistent daily tile budget) and log (`/api/realtime/debug-log`) endpoints refuse cross-site browser requests: a foreign or opaque `Origin`, a `Sec-Fetch-Site` other than `same-origin`/`none` (this is what blocks an `<img>`/navigation that carries no `Origin`), or any reverse-proxy/CDN forwarding header returns `403`. Non-browser loopback tools (the repo QA harnesses POST the token endpoint with no `Origin`) and the explicit `HOST=0.0.0.0` LAN opt-in keep working — the gate deliberately does not require a loopback remote address; that stricter requirement belongs only to the credential panel (`admitKeySetupRequest`). The Host check (`allowedHosts`, applied by `hostCheckPlugin` ahead of every route, since Vite's own check runs only after plugin middleware) rejects a rebinding `Host` before any handler runs, in every mode, and the gate is defense in depth behind it: the LAN opt-in keeps that check and accepts only IP addresses, `localhost` and names listed in `GEV_ALLOWED_HOSTS`. **Limit:** a name you list there is trusted like the app's own address, so list only names you control.
 - **Full Content-Security-Policy.** The dev and preview servers send a real CSP (`script-src 'self' 'unsafe-eval' blob:` plus the YouTube, Facebook and X scripts the Nepal event's embedded media loads and the Maps JavaScript API that Street View runs on, with a matching `frame-src` for their players and posts: no inline script and no other script origin; `blob:` covers the object URLs Cesium's bundled workers bootstrap through in the built app), alongside the existing `X-Frame-Options: DENY` and `frame-ancestors 'none'`. `'unsafe-eval'` stays because Knockout, bundled inside Cesium's widgets package, resolves the global object with `eval` at load time and the globe does not initialize without it; styles permit `'unsafe-inline'` and Google Fonts because Vite's dev client injects `<style>` elements.
 
 Allowing `maps.googleapis.com` in `script-src` also trusts its JSONP endpoints, which can bypass the script allowlist if an HTML-injection bug exists; this is an accepted limitation of loading the Maps JavaScript API, alongside the existing `'unsafe-eval'` allowance.

changelog.d/1057-windows-npm-dep0190.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+- On Windows, `npm run doctor` and the Pinokio install no longer print Node's
+  DEP0190 warning ("Passing args to a child process with shell option true can
+  lead to security vulnerabilities"): npm.cmd's fixed subcommand is now part of
+  the shell command string instead of an argument array (quanticsoul4772, #1057).

changelog.d/1071-geo-uri-search.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- Location search accepts two-dimensional WGS84 `geo:` URIs offline, with
+  the existing coordinate framing and label. Unsupported URI fields are passed
+  to the remaining search providers unchanged (cj-vana, #1071).

changelog.d/1096-military-hold-track-speed.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- Military aircraft keep their last heading and speed when an adsb.lol row omits
+  `track` or `gs`, instead of turning north and stopping; a grounded row without
+  a speed still reads 0 (Aditya, @Rohilalala, #1096).

changelog.d/1097-overpass-remark-failure-phrases.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+- Overpass data whose element tags contain a failure phrase ("timed out",
+  "runtime error", "too many requests" and similar, e.g. a place named "Timed
+  Out Escape Rooms") is returned as data instead of being refused and putting
+  the endpoint on cooldown; upstream failures are read from the remark (Aditya,
+  @Rohilalala, #1097).

changelog.d/1111-map-fallback-retry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+- A failed Esri Satellite or keyless terrain load still shows OSM or flat terrain
+  at once, but no longer lasts the whole session: while the fallback is on
+  screen, the real provider is retried in the background (30 seconds, doubling
+  to a 10-minute cap) and replaces it live once it loads. Map switches never
+  wait for a retry (Aditya, @Rohilalala, #1111).

changelog.d/1115-aircraft-altitude-band-unknown.md

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+- Exclude aircraft without a reported altitude from requested altitude bands;
+  unfiltered aircraft queries still retain them (rudycelekli, #1115).

changelog.d/1117-google-viewer-lifecycle.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- Release superseded Google Street View open waits and suppress metadata
+  requests whose viewer was unmounted while the service loaded (rudycelekli,
+  #1117).

changelog.d/1118-cctv-snapshot-fallback-provenance.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- Label camera-tool Street View fallbacks as historical Google imagery rather
+  than the current camera view; keep unknown frame provenance explicit
+  (rudycelekli, #1118).

changelog.d/1135-director-save-status-run-results.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+- Scenes keep the "Scene not saved" status when a capture, update, append or
+  import cannot be saved, and an unreadable saved project no longer overwrites
+  the recovery checkpoint. `startScene()` resolves to its documented result,
+  `afterShotId` works without an explicit scene, and `scenesRun` counts the
+  distinct scenes queued (djabhi31, #1135).

changelog.d/1142-antimeridian-fire-perimeters.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+- Fire-perimeter queries handle outlines and holes crossing the antimeridian:
+  areas enclosed near ±180° are included, areas at the opposite meridian are
+  excluded, and returned perimeter coordinates stay near the dateline. Incident
+  cards use the same circular longitude mean and compare multipart outline
+  areas along short longitude edges, keeping the card on the largest polygon
+  (Arianna Method, @ariannamethod, #1142).

changelog.d/1171-director-goto-shot.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- Director shot actions land on the requested shot. A seek to a shot's start
+  could round a hair below it and select the end of the previous shot for some
+  shot counts and durations (Aditya, @Rohilalala, #1171).

changelog.d/1172-cctv-missing-numbers.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+- Keep missing CCTV numbers unknown instead of reading them as zero. `Number`
+  turns null, blank strings and booleans into 0 or 1, and the camera source
+  list sends an unknown number as JSON null, so a source-pack camera that left
+  out its pose reached the browser as zeros clamped to each field's floor —
+  facing north, pitch −2°, FOV 20°, range 120 m, mount 6 m and ground 0 m —
+  instead of the defaults (id-hash heading, −17°, 74°, 700 m, 24 m and the
+  city's ground); a null or blank position placed the camera at 0,0. The
+  server's `toFiniteNumber` and the browser's `safeNumber` now treat absent,
+  blank and boolean values as missing. The same conversion also stops a
+  Tallinn row with a null heading reading as a confident north-facing camera,
+  a Caltrans camera with a blank elevation losing its 150 m ground prior, and
+  a TfL or Catalonia camera with a null or blank coordinate being kept at 0,0
+  or on the zero meridian (omerbberk, #1172).

changelog.d/1173-antimeridian-ground-floor.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+- Flights' ground floor works across the antimeridian. The viewer-distance
+  check behind the 150 km floor radius and its copy in the photoreal mesh-floor
+  sampler subtracted longitudes without wrapping, so two points 21 km apart
+  across 180° measured about 38,000 km and low or grounded aircraft just across
+  the line from the viewer were never floored. A contact's display corridor
+  walked a segment across 180° the long way round, spending its cell budget on
+  ground behind the contact, and a contact on the seam lost its cell hysteresis.
+  SEARCH NEARBY SITES on a view across 180° searched Google Places around
+  longitude 0, on the far side of the globe, with a radius sized from the view's
+  height alone; it now searches the view (Aditya, @Rohilalala, #1173).

changelog.d/1186-launch-unknown-coordinates.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+- Keep missing launch-pad coordinates unknown so launches use the location
+  fallback or stay off the map instead of appearing at 0°N 0°E. Missing stage
+  flight numbers no longer show "FLIGHT 0"
+  (Rudy Celekli, @rudycelekli, #1186).

changelog.d/787-changelog-fragments.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+- Changelog entries are now one file per pull request. A change adds
+  `changelog.d/<pull request>-<slug>.md` instead of editing the top of
+  `CHANGELOG.md`, which two pull requests in flight could not share — it was the
+  most frequent merge conflict in the open queue, and for six of them the only
+  one. `npm run changelog` splices the directory into `CHANGELOG.md` at release
+  time and empties it; `npm run changelog:check` reports the batch and changes
+  nothing. Fragment text is copied through unchanged (daikaginza, #787).

changelog.d/970-recent-imagery-details-scroll.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+- Recent Imagery: opening DETAILS scrolls its card into view when it opens below
+  the fold. The panel used to restore the previous scroll position right after
+  the reveal, so the card stayed out of sight (Ian Blenke, #970).

changelog.d/973-tomtom-cross-site-gate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+- Cross-site browser requests can no longer spend the TomTom traffic-tile
+  budget through `/api/tomtom/*`. The shared same-site gate runs before status,
+  cache, and upstream work; same-origin app requests and non-browser local
+  callers remain supported (Sunil56224972, #973).

changelog.d/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# Changelog fragments
+
+One file per entry. A pull request adds a file here instead of editing
+`CHANGELOG.md`, and a release concatenates them into it.
+
+```
+changelog.d/<pull request number>-<slug>.md
+```
+
+`723-atc-decision-layer.md`, for example. The slug is lowercase, words separated
+by `-`. Two pull requests never pick the same filename, because the pull request
+number is already unique — which is the point: new `CHANGELOG.md` entries go at
+the top of the file, so two pull requests in flight write into the same few lines
+and git has nothing to merge on.
+
+Write the file exactly as the entry should read in `CHANGELOG.md`: a `-` bullet,
+wrapped the way the surrounding entries are, crediting yourself and the pull
+request.
+
+```markdown
+- Report which upstream declined a Street Traffic road load. The layer row now
+  reads `Overpass rate-limited` instead of a general "Road data temporarily
+  unavailable" (yourname, #665).
+```
+
+The text is spliced in unchanged apart from trailing whitespace, so what you
+write here is what ships. Fragments are deliberately outside
+`scripts/format-scope.json`, so `npm run format` never reflows one.
+
+At release time:
+
+```
+npm run changelog:check   # list what would move, change nothing
+npm run changelog         # move every fragment into CHANGELOG.md
+```
+
+The assembler refuses a batch rather than guessing: a filename that is not
+`<pull request>-<slug>.md`, or two fragments claiming one pull request number,
+stops the run before anything is written and names the files.
+
+If `npm run changelog` fails part-way (a full disk, a killed process), run it
+again. The batch is staged in `changelog.d/.assembling/` and only lands when the
+assembled file replaces `CHANGELOG.md` in a single rename, so the rerun either
+finishes that batch or puts its fragments back first. It never adds an entry
+twice or drops one. `npm run changelog:check` names a staged batch, if one is
+left over, instead of reporting past it.
+
+A documentation claim that needs a regression test — the way
+`src/annotations/drawTool.test.mjs` asserts against `CHANGELOG.md` — should
+assert against `docs/CURRENT-STATE.md` or `README.md` instead. A pull request
+still edits those directly, so the text is in the file while the change is under
+review; a fragment does not reach `CHANGELOG.md` until release.

docs/CURRENT-STATE.md

@@ -100,11 +100,26 @@ shared `area` argument (place name, bounding box, or point and radius) and cap
 lists at 25 rows by default. Voice offers the same queries next to its app
 actions: the session lists them, and the browser runs them through the same
 catalog, loaded on first use. See [tools and the MCP server](TOOLS.md).
+Aircraft altitude-band queries require a reported barometric or geometric altitude
+for each match, so a grounded contact that reports none is left out of a band too.
+Queries without an altitude band retain unknown-altitude contacts.
 
 Catalog calls check their cancellation signal immediately before executing a
 tool. Already-cancelled queries do not start; cancellation after execution starts
 continues to follow the existing tool and caller behavior.
 
+Fire-perimeter queries test polygon interiors and holes on continuous unwrapped
+longitudes, matching the short-edge convention used for boundary intersections.
+An outline crossing ±180° contains nearby boxes and radius areas without also
+containing their counterparts near Greenwich. Returned perimeter coordinates
+use a circular mean for longitude, including multipart outlines. Incident cards
+also use a circular longitude mean over the largest outer ring (excluding its
+repeated closing vertex). Their relative-area comparison follows short longitude
+edges so a small dateline-crossing part cannot outweigh a larger ordinary part.
+Regression coverage lives in `src/tools/area.test.mjs`,
+`src/tools/queries/environment.test.mjs` and
+`src/layers/perimeters/cards.test.mjs`.
+
 ## Cyber HUD — September 30, 2026
 
 Display > HUD > Layout includes Cyber, also available through the HUD voice
@@ -339,7 +354,12 @@ Cyclones combine fixed NHC/CPHC status and summary GIS endpoints through a bound
 same-origin provider. The status endpoint lacks browser CORS; each installation
 fetches keyless public sources at runtime, with no centralized ingestion service.
 The five-minute snapshot covers Atlantic and eastern/central North Pacific only.
-Current positions, advisory issue time and position time stay distinct. Tracks,
+Current positions, advisory issue time and position time stay distinct. NHC may
+release an advisory before its nominal time (routinely up to about 30 minutes,
+rarely about an hour), so advisory issue and position times up to and including
+90 minutes ahead of the server clock are accepted; 90 minutes is this app's
+tolerance, not an NHC limit. Later, non-canonical, or more than 12-hour-old
+times still reject the status snapshot. Tracks,
 forecast lead-hour points and cones render only when all source parts match the
 status advisory; a newer status shows its position with geometry pending rather
 than relabeling older geometry. The cone represents forecast center uncertainty,
@@ -364,7 +384,12 @@ doubling to a 15 s cap, with every retry waiting behind one shared cooldown
 plus up to 1.5 s of jitter, and `Retry-After` extending the cooldown when the
 upstream exposes it. One console warning is logged per cooldown window. Other
 failures keep Cesium's handling and the flat `EllipsoidTerrainProvider`
-fallback. `scripts/qa-terrain-429.mjs` reproduces the burst against a keyless
+fallback; while that flat terrain is on a shown globe the map controller
+retries Re:Earth in the background (30 s, doubling to a 10-minute cap, each
+attempt abandoned after 60 s) and installs the real terrain without waiting
+for a map switch or an imagery retry. Behind a 3D tileset it neither retries
+nor installs; the next globe activation does.
+`scripts/qa-terrain-429.mjs` reproduces the burst against a keyless
 dev server, counts real throttles with their headers as evidence, synthesises
 throttles with `--inject N` when the upstream is not throttling, and fails if
 a throttled tile never loads.
@@ -422,6 +447,8 @@ reference. Legacy projects retain their ordinary flights, content and edits.
 Seeking between ordinary camera poses uses the shortest longitude arc across the
 dateline while preserving both authored endpoint longitudes, and turns heading
 and roll the short way for any authored angles.
+A seek to a shot's start, as a shot action makes, selects that shot rather than
+the end of the previous one.
 See [camera directions](DIRECTOR-CAMERA.md).
 
 Realtime voice composes separate connection, response/tool, Radio handoff, input
@@ -520,7 +547,7 @@ are protected from fallback writes. Version 6 is the export format, with
 zero pitch, low camera heights, scope and detection edits preserved. See [the document contract](SCENE-DOCUMENT.md);
 see [Director](DIRECTOR.md) for camera, pack, action and sharing support.
 
-Search framing and annotations request semantic map features from an explicit source. The Overpass adapter owns bounded queries, member/tag decoding and request deadlines; callers retain candidate ranking, outline caching, deferred retries and scene placement. Empty, unavailable, transient and throttled outcomes remain distinct. Traffic sources return road records and installation sources return mapped records with freshness/saturation metadata, so their layers no longer decode upstream elements. ALPR already normalizes its records in the source. Traffic uses OpenFreeMap roads with optional matched TomTom congestion; ALPR uses an hourly OpenStreetMap extract. Keyless installations use military-area tiles. Detailed feature queries require operator-configured Overpass.
+Search framing and annotations request semantic map features from an explicit source. The Overpass adapter owns bounded queries, member/tag decoding and request deadlines; callers retain candidate ranking, outline caching, deferred retries and scene placement. Empty, unavailable, transient and throttled outcomes remain distinct; a data reply is refused only for its `remark`, never for text in element tags. Traffic sources return road records and installation sources return mapped records with freshness/saturation metadata, so their layers no longer decode upstream elements. ALPR already normalizes its records in the source. Traffic uses OpenFreeMap roads with optional matched TomTom congestion; ALPR uses an hourly OpenStreetMap extract. Keyless installations use military-area tiles. Detailed feature queries require operator-configured Overpass.
 
 Nepal media preloads survive repeated camera-flight updates, but Stop, event disable and replacement remove abandoned frames and revoke pending Facebook sessions. Fallback evidence-card clicks respect the shared drawing-tool pointer lease.
 
@@ -579,7 +606,9 @@ pinning, first-position grace, source time and sea-surface placement are unchang
 
 Military flights also separate portable records and source acquisition from
 Cesium snapshot application. The metadata owner retains aviation feet, source
-fix times, sticky fields and partial-feed retention. Rendering retains ground
+fix times, sticky fields and partial-feed retention. A row without track or
+speed holds the last known value, as civil records do; a grounded row without
+speed reads 0. Rendering retains ground
 model ownership, motion history, military registration and tracking cleanup.
 
 Civil flights separate source acquisition, portable record reconciliation and
@@ -762,6 +791,11 @@ and `./layers/launches`. Each owns its catalog, render state, tracking, interact
 and teardown. Source adapters retain the existing CelesTrak and Launch Library
 endpoints; standalone entries provide scene services and the satellite dependency.
 The mission factory separates paths, replay, camera, panel, overlays and placement.
+Launch Library pad coordinates retain unknown values: missing fields use the
+reported location coordinates when available, and launches without a known pad
+position stay off the map. Genuine zero coordinates remain valid. Undisclosed
+stage coordinates, downrange distance and flight numbers remain unknown; the
+mission panel omits the flight-number label when no number was reported.
 Pending mission requests abort on disable/destruction and malformed launch
 snapshots preserve the last accepted display. Catalog groups, propagation cadence,
 tracking intent, replay timing, controls and source attribution remain unchanged.
@@ -837,6 +871,13 @@ use the supplied asset resolver, including the preload path. Enrichment receives
 an abort signal and cannot update a later lifecycle after destruction. Existing
 camera, terrain floor, trail, selection and measured model-size policies remain.
 
+The tracked-aircraft descriptor both flight layers hand to the cockpit carries
+`verticalRateMps` beside `velocityMps` and `track`. Civil records store the rate as
+`verticalRate` and military records as `verticalRateMps`; the query seam maps both to
+one name, so `resolveTrackedAircraftInfo` returns a single shape for either layer. The
+rate is reported, never derived: a blank poll keeps the last transmitted value and an
+absent rate stays null rather than reading as level flight.
+
 ## Transponder emergency highlighting
 
 `src/data/aircraftEmergency.js` derives one status per poll from the Mode A
@@ -872,7 +913,13 @@ addition to the locally accumulated trail, never a promise of complete coverage.
 
 Snapshot coverage, completeness and freshness are separate fields. A partially
 admitted aircraft snapshot retains absent contacts for up to five minutes before
-the usual missed-poll eviction. Unknown snapshot times remain unknown in stats. An invalid nonempty
+the usual missed-poll eviction. An OpenSky row with an ICAO24 address but null
+longitude and latitude is a contact without a position, not a malformed row: it
+leaves the snapshot complete and is listed in `retainIds`, so civil flights
+retain that aircraft under the same five-minute bound, unless it is likely
+landed, while other absent aircraft fade and leave on the missed-poll limits. A
+nonempty snapshot with no positioned rows is still malformed. Military readsb
+admission is unchanged. Unknown snapshot times remain unknown in stats. An invalid nonempty
 snapshot retains the previous display. Empty vessel refreshes retain the existing
 first-connect grace and warm-data behavior. Known source failures have bounded
 messages; arbitrary HTTP response bodies are not surfaced as diagnostics.
@@ -977,7 +1024,41 @@ id-hash fallback at low confidence.
 
 Once enabled, the 250 cameras nearest the five borough cores load.
 `CCTV_NYC_MAX_SOURCES` sets the pack cap (8–400). The catalog-wide ceiling stays at 4,000 and is shared
-round-robin, so adding this pack does not silently drop another region.
+round-robin: no region is dropped outright, but when the packs together exceed
+the ceiling, adding a pack trims cameras from the largest packs.
+
+## City of Toronto RESCU CCTV source pack
+
+The CCTV catalog adds the City of Toronto RESCU traffic cameras — downtown
+arterials plus the Gardiner, DVP, Allen and Lake Shore, which the Ontario 511
+pack does not cover. The server reads the keyless camera list the City
+publishes on its open data portal (`tmcearthcameras.json`, served as JSONP).
+The list has no URL field: frame URLs are built from each validated, digits-only
+camera number on the fixed origin
+`https://opendata.toronto.ca/transportation/tmc/rescucameraimages/CameraImages/`.
+The feed has no compass data, so headings are low-confidence priors. Some
+cameras return a 200 "Image Unavailable" placeholder frame instead of an error.
+
+By default all ~336 cameras load, nearest downtown first.
+`CCTV_TORONTO_MAX_SOURCES` sets the pack cap (8–500) and
+`CCTV_TORONTO_ENABLED=0` turns the pack off. The pack shares the 4,000
+catalog-wide ceiling round-robin with the other packs.
+
+## Lithuania CCTV source pack
+
+The CCTV catalog can include Via Lietuva / Eismoinfo road cameras. The pack is
+off unless `CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED=1`, because its camera endpoints are the
+eismoinfo.lt website backend rather than a service listed in Via Lietuva's
+open-data statement, so the licence for the photos is unconfirmed.
+Two keyless public endpoints provide current snapshot URLs and WGS84 camera
+locations; records are joined by ID, with invalid coordinates and off-origin
+image URLs rejected. Catalog requests refuse redirects, have a 15-second
+deadline and a 4 MiB response cap, and use the existing shared 15-minute cache
+and fair catalog allocation. An unavailable source contributes an empty pack.
+Frames use the registered-image proxy and retain Via Lietuva attribution.
+The images are periodically updated road-condition photographs, not continuous
+video; camera poses use the existing low-confidence heading prior.
+`CCTV_LITHUANIA_MAX_SOURCES` sets its cap (default 400, bounded to 1–1000).
 
 ## DriveBC CCTV source pack
 
@@ -1162,6 +1243,9 @@ still waiting to drain reschedules that deadline, so a slow client does not read
 as a stalled upstream. Error responses are cancelled. Buffered snapshots have a
 16 MiB streaming cap; an oversized image remains an upstream miss and uses the
 normal fallback chain. The existing declared media size ceiling remains 64 MiB.
+`/api/cctv/media` relays live feeds (HLS, MP4, WebM, MJPEG) only; a still-image
+camera is refused there with a JSON 404 and is served solely through
+`/api/cctv/frame` and its same-origin, `image/*`-only, size-capped fetch.
 
 ## GBFS upstream bounds
 
@@ -1214,6 +1298,15 @@ cancels the body unread. A rejected or timed-out body is an upstream miss and
 follows each route's existing error and cached-data paths. FIRMS map-key
 status, the OpenSky token exchange and CCTV media keep their current handling.
 
+The route also bounds request frequency: 120 requests/minute per client
+address, with a global backstop of three times that. A refused request answers
+429 with `Retry-After` and `Cache-Control: no-store` and performs no outbound
+fetch. The bikeshare layer's own demand is about 15 requests a minute with
+every catalogued system in range, so an ordinary session never meets the limit;
+the method, host and path guards run unchanged.
+
+Updated: September 21, 2026
+
 ## Remaining local service modules
 
 Overpass query validation, geometry simplification, disk caching and upstream
@@ -1237,6 +1330,28 @@ services, local voice and standalone key setup. Importing them starts no network
 acquisition. Browser layer lifecycle, rendering and voice execution stay in their
 existing modules.
 
+## Web app install icons
+
+`public/manifest.webmanifest` declares the installable app: standalone display,
+`#0a0a0f` background and theme, and 192/512 icons plus a 512 maskable variant.
+`index.html` links the manifest, a 180px `apple-touch-icon` and a 32px PNG
+favicon; the existing SVG favicon still serves the browser tab. Safari ignores an
+SVG apple-touch-icon and substitutes a page screenshot, so the raster is what
+makes an installed icon appear at all.
+
+Manifest `start_url`, `scope` and icon paths are relative to the manifest, and
+Vite rewrites the `index.html` links under `base`, so a build served from a path
+prefix installs and launches inside that prefix.
+
+`node scripts/generate-icons.mjs` renders every raster from `public/logo.svg` and
+writes `public/icons/`. Output is committed, so building needs no image
+toolchain; re-run the script after changing the logo. Ordinary icons inset the
+mark to 78% of the canvas and the maskable variant to 54%, keeping it inside the
+circle Android may crop to. `src/tooling/webAppIcons.test.mjs` checks the links,
+the manifest fields and that each committed PNG is square at its declared size.
+It also builds the install links under `base: '/example/'` and asserts every
+emitted link and manifest URL stays inside that base.
+
 ## Local build preview
 
 After `npm run build`, `npm run preview` serves the built app with the same data
@@ -1265,6 +1380,27 @@ outside its promise, so an unusual mirror status cannot crash the server.
 Node-only package entries expose both provider factories. Routes, payloads,
 fallback behavior and existing dev/preview hook registration are preserved;
 browser rendering is unchanged.
+The portable frame source retains the proxy's known `X-CCTV-Source` kind. Camera
+snapshot tools label Street View fallback imagery as historical and credit Google,
+while upstream frames retain their current-view label and catalog attribution.
+Synthetic placeholders are unavailable as snapshots. Injected frame sources may
+supply `sourceKind`; missing or unknown provenance keeps `current_view` null and
+does not claim the image is current. The `current_view` field distinguishes camera-feed
+provenance from historical fallback imagery; it does not measure capture time or
+image freshness.
+
+## CCTV missing numeric fields
+
+CCTV numbers are read as missing when they are absent, null, blank or boolean,
+on the server (`toFiniteNumber`, every pack and the file/env source packs) and
+in the browser (`safeNumber`). `/api/cctv/sources` sends an unknown number as
+JSON null; the browser then uses the bundled seed camera's value when one
+shares the id, else the field's default — id-hash heading, pitch −17°, FOV 74°
+(which a matched datasheet can still replace), range 700 m, mount 24 m, the
+city's ground elevation — rather than reading zero and clamping it to the
+field's floor. A camera with a missing latitude or longitude and no seed
+position is skipped by the browser catalog instead of being placed at 0,0.
+Real zeros, including `"0"`, are kept.
 
 ## Terrain, traffic, fire and bike-share provider modules
 
@@ -1274,7 +1410,13 @@ plugin order, server-key selection, validation, disk caches, budgets, retries
 and stale/error responses remain unchanged. Each has a Node-only package entry
 under `gods-eye-view/server/providers/`. Portable terrain mechanics, traffic tile
 math and GBFS source rules are available under `gods-eye-view/sources/`.
-The browser layers and their rendering remain in their existing modules.
+The TomTom `/api/tomtom/*` routes run the shared same-site admission gate before
+status, cache or upstream work, refusing cross-site browser requests while
+preserving same-origin app requests and non-browser local callers. The browser
+layers and their rendering remain in their existing modules.
+GBFS null or empty availability counts retain an unknown value through station
+parsing and rendering; they use the neutral station color rather than reporting
+an empty dock. Explicit zero and caller-supplied numeric fallbacks remain valid.
 
 ## Terrain height cache bound
 
@@ -3119,7 +3261,11 @@ test:track` 43 tracking invariants · headless QA harnesses under
 >   metres low. `qa-floor-verify.mjs` now **exits non-zero on FAIL** (1 = FAIL,
 >   2 = INCONCLUSIVE); it previously exited 0 on every verdict, which is how the
 >   burial stayed invisible. It also honours `QA_BASE_URL` and puppeteer's
->   pinned Chrome-for-Testing, like the other harnesses.
+>   pinned Chrome-for-Testing, like the other harnesses. The viewer-distance
+>   gate, the corridor walk and cell hysteresis take the short way across 180°
+>   (`src/data/approxDistance.js` is the one distance both the flights records
+>   and the mesh-floor sampler use), so contacts just across the antimeridian
+>   are floored like any other.
 > - **2026-07-16:** the FIRMS Active Fires layer is **LIVE** —
 >   the bundled 2026-05-25 snapshot (58 MB) is deleted; a new `/api/firms` proxy
 >   (vite.config.js) merges VIIRS NOAA-20/NOAA-21/Suomi-NPP NRT world CSVs
@@ -3146,6 +3292,39 @@ test:track` 43 tracking invariants · headless QA harnesses under
 > attribution 18/18). New modules: `src/data/{motionModel,aircraftMeta,aircraftClass,aircraftIcons,issPass,routePlausible,dataCredits}.js`.
 > The live runtime now declares 30 voice tools; the 17→20 count above is retained only as milestone history.
 
+### Interface localization (October 2026)
+
+Shipped locales: **en** (source and fallback), **es** and **ru**. The code lives in
+`src/i18n/`. How to mark UI text: [`docs/I18N.md`](./I18N.md); translator workflow:
+[`docs/TRANSLATORS.md`](./TRANSLATORS.md).
+
+- **Keys are the English text.** `t('Save keys')`, `tn(count, '{count} camera',
+  '{count} cameras')`, and `msg('Live Flights')` for text stored in data and
+  translated later. Markup opts in with `data-i18n` (element text) and
+  `data-i18n-title` / `-aria-label` / `-placeholder` (that attribute's English
+  value). English has no catalog; every other locale is
+  `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json`, and a missing entry falls back to English.
+- **Locale choice.** `?lang=` → stored choice (`gev:locale:v1`) →
+  `navigator.languages` → English. `?lang=` is not stored, and share links drop
+  it, so a recipient keeps their own language. The globe picker in the
+  bottom-right corner (`src/ui/localePicker.js`) stores the choice, drops
+  `?lang=` (keeps it only when storage is blocked) and reloads. It asks first
+  when the reload would lose work registered with `registerUnsavedWork`:
+  unsaved keys or CCTV calibration, Draw marks, imported map files, the open
+  cockpit, a voice session.
+- **Gate.** `npm run i18n` (and `src/i18n/catalog.test.mjs` under `npm test`)
+  extracts every message and fails on missing, empty, unused,
+  placeholder-mismatched, still-English (plural forms included) or
+  wrongly-shaped plural entries.
+- **Not translated by design:** layer ids, share-link and hash parameters, API
+  fields, voice tool schemas, provider names, feed data (callsigns, vessel and
+  station names) and attribution.
+- **Unmarked text.** The same check lists UI text that is not marked at all
+  (markup without `data-i18n*`, literals reaching the page without `t`/`tn`/`msg`)
+  and fails on it. Text kept on purpose says why: `translate="no"`,
+  `data-i18n-runtime`, or `// i18n-ignore: <reason>`. `src/tools/` is skipped:
+  it writes for AI clients, not the page.
+
 ## Canonical Docs Order
 
 Use docs in this order when details conflict:
@@ -3192,10 +3371,10 @@ its criteria cannot be silently ignored.
 | Satellites             | CelesTrak                                                                                                                                                                                       | `src/data/satellites.js`                              | `/api/celestrak`                                         | 120s                                                                              |
 | Space Missions (30d)   | Launch Library 2 + CelesTrak                                                                                                                                                                    | `src/data/rocketLaunches.js`                          | `/api/launches` + `/api/celestrak/active`                | 5 min                                                                             |
 | Traffic | Selectable TomTom / OpenStreetMap / Hybrid roads; optional TomTom flow (BYOK) | `src/data/traffic.js` | browser-direct OpenFreeMap tiles; `/api/tomtom` for flow | viewport-driven; capped tile cache |
-| CCTV                   | Austin + Caltrans (CA) + TfL London + Ontario 511 + Fintraffic (FI) + DriveBC (BC) + TxDOT (TX) + Estonia (Tallinn, Tarktee) + Live Traffic NSW + Open Calgary Open Data + Statens vegvesen (NO, stills + live HLS) + NYC DOT TMC (opt-in) + Street View fallback | `src/data/cctv.js`                                    | `/api/cctv`                                              | 10s (active)                                                                      |
+| CCTV                   | Austin + Caltrans (CA) + TfL London + Ontario 511 + Fintraffic (FI) + DriveBC (BC) + TxDOT (TX) + Estonia (Tallinn, Tarktee) + Live Traffic NSW + Open Calgary Open Data + Statens vegvesen (NO, stills + live HLS) + King County (WA) Open Data + WSDOT (WA) Open Data + NYC DOT TMC (opt-in) + City of Toronto RESCU + Catalonia (Servei Català de Trànsit) + Street View fallback | `src/data/cctv.js`                                    | `/api/cctv`                                              | 10s (active)                                                                      |
 | Radio                  | Radio Browser (public-domain station directory)                                                                                                                                                 | `src/data/radio.js`                                   | `/api/radio/stations`, `/api/radio/click/:uuid`          | 45 min directory refresh                                                          |
 | Transit 🚌             | Operator GTFS-Realtime VehiclePositions (7 keyless regions, `src/data/transitFeeds.js`)                                                                                                         | `src/layers/transit/` via `src/app/layers/transit.js` | `/api/transit`                                           | 15s (poll + delayed playback)                                                     |
-| Bikeshare 🚲           | GBFS (Lyft + BCycle + Social Bicycles + PBSC incl. Bike Share Toronto + Urban Sharing, Entur, JCDecaux NO)                                                                                                                                        | `src/data/bikeshare.js`                               | `/api/gbfs`                                              | 60s                                                                               |
+| Bikeshare 🚲           | GBFS (Lyft + BCycle + Social Bicycles + PBSC incl. Bike Share Toronto, Bike Itaú (Brazil) and Bicing (Barcelona) + Urban Sharing, Entur, JCDecaux NO + nextbike (AMBici))                                                                                                                                        | `src/data/bikeshare.js`                               | `/api/gbfs`                                              | 60s                                                                               |
 | Directions 🧭          | OSRM on FOSSGIS servers (OpenStreetMap)                                                                                                                                                         | `src/data/directions.js`                              | `/api/route` (`steps=1`)                                 | on placement / mode change                                                        |
 | Datacenters ▣          | OSM extract (bundled)                                                                                                                                                                           | `src/data/localLayers.js`                             | —                                                        | static                                                                            |
 | Dams ▰                 | OpenInfraMap/OSM extract (bundled)                                                                                                                                                              | `src/data/localLayers.js`                             | —                                                        | static                                                                            |
@@ -3343,7 +3522,10 @@ controls (the address goes in the caption); a pose goes out at once and
 again when the panorama's month, photographer and address arrive (one
 successful lookup per panorama per session, seeded by the nearest lookup;
 a details lookup that fails or takes over ten seconds waits five seconds
-before a view event can retry, and an unmount drops lookups in flight). A key
+before a view event can retry, and an unmount drops lookups in flight). Opening
+another panorama settles the previous open before registering its wait; closing
+then releases the current wait immediately. A details lookup released while its
+service loads makes no panorama request after that service becomes available. A key
 Google refuses (`gm_authFailure`: the API not enabled, a referrer it does
 not allow, billing off) reads KEY REJECTED and fails a pending open at
 once; a lookup or open Google never answers fails after 10 or 20 s. In CI
@@ -3611,8 +3793,11 @@ Transit is off by default, and share links use token `j`. The movement panel ord
 places Transit directly after Street Traffic and before Bike Share. Cameras and
 utilities retain their own groups. The layer polls
 registered feeds near the camera every 15 seconds, below a 3,000 km altitude
-gate. Seven keyless regions are available: Boston, Austin, Minneapolis–St Paul,
-Helsinki, the Netherlands, Norway and South East Queensland. Mode silhouettes
+gate. Sixteen keyless regions are available: Boston, Austin, Minneapolis–St Paul,
+Helsinki, the Netherlands, Norway, South East Queensland, and nine in
+Ontario — Toronto (TTC surface vehicles; the subway publishes no
+positions), MiWay, Hamilton HSR, Durham Region, YRT/Viva, Guelph,
+Burlington, Barrie and Kingston. Mode silhouettes
 identify buses, trams, subways, trains, ferries and unclassified vehicles.
 
 Retained transit history uses the same outlier quarantine as live observations and
@@ -4108,7 +4293,7 @@ silently demoting every later lookup for the session.
 - The internal Context coordinator is available in every visual style. Its dedicated right-side `CONTEXT` chooser exposes the neutral shell; the coordinator is not duplicated in Data Layers and does not enable a live-data dependency until a mode is selected.
 - The expanded `CONTEXT` view offers mutually exclusive `CONTACTS` and `SPACE MISSIONS` modes. Selecting `CONTACTS` enables the context-owned Flights, Military Flights, AIS Vessels, and Mapped Installations dependencies only when they are not already user-enabled; selecting `SPACE MISSIONS` enables the recent-launch layer and its Satellite dependency. `CONTACTS` cycles the nearest supported contact of whatever type is selected. Satellites are deliberately excluded from those Awareness cohorts and keep their own tracking UX. Selecting the active mode again returns to the neutral chooser and releases only mode-owned dependencies.
 - If a civilian or military aircraft is already tracked when `CONTACTS` becomes operational, that source-owned track is adopted as the Context subject before nearest-contact autofocus. Context rechecks the tracker after its dependencies settle, so a newer selection wins, while an explicit clear during activation prevents fallback from silently selecting a replacement. Cockpit entry remains unavailable until that Context transaction has settled, so its camera takeover cannot clear Cesium tracking before adoption. Adoption does not recreate tracking or transfer camera ownership; it initializes the normal 250 km ring, history, proximity results, and Cockpit Previous/Next state for the original aircraft.
-- `SEARCH NEARBY SITES` retains the bounded OSM results and makes one user-initiated, view-biased Google Maps Places text search for “military installation.” Google results are source-stamped, deduplicated against OSM by rounded location/name, and remain mapped context rather than operational claims. If Places is unavailable or the API is not enabled for the supplied key, OSM context remains available.
+- `SEARCH NEARBY SITES` retains the bounded OSM results and makes one user-initiated, view-biased Google Maps Places text search for “military installation.” Google results are source-stamped, deduplicated against OSM by rounded location/name, and remain mapped context rather than operational claims. If Places is unavailable or the API is not enabled for the supplied key, OSM context remains available. A view across the antimeridian is searched around its own centre, with a radius from its real width.
 - The expanded desktop header omits the redundant `ON` label; the active mode button carries state. Expanded Contact results also omit the duplicate `GLOBAL CONTEXT` / `CONTEXT ONLY` status row and begin with the selected subject and its 250 km scope. Global Context does not fabricate a selected-entity model preview: the provisional hand-authored aircraft wireframe was removed because it was not geometry extracted from the selected entity's actual asset.
 - Dependency ownership is reversible: disabling Global Context releases only dependencies it enabled, while user-enabled layers remain on. This also removes the Military-layer suppression handoff when Global Context owned Military, allowing an already-enabled civilian Flights layer to resume its normal mixed rendering. If OpenSky is unavailable and has no last-good cache, Flights requests a capped 250 nm adsb.lol point snapshot around the current view anchor and labels that provenance explicitly; it never relabels military-feed rows as civilian data. If both inputs fail, Flights remains `UNKNOWN`.
 - Space Missions is replay-isolated: Rocket Launches and Satellites are the only Data Layers permitted while the mode is active. Direct UI and voice entry capture the same pre-entry snapshot; internal dependency and restoration enables do not create a user-owned Context session. Entry waits for incompatible layers to shut down, direct incompatible enables are blocked before lifecycle work, and the entry gate remains active through the complete Rocket Launches enable. A newer same-target ON request takes ownership of the pending entry without releasing its isolation snapshot, including when it arrives while the prior request is awaiting the adoption guard. A caller abort, resource cancellation, newer OFF, or layer teardown waits for exact manager settlement and restores that snapshot without resurrecting Rocket Launches. If an abort lands after only part of a restore settles, Context completes the same exact target without the stale caller signal and then replays newer explicit layer intent. Dedicated Voice Context cancellation reports a stable cancelled result plus the current Context state; generic layer visibility additionally exposes manager phase, reason, successor, and lifecycle details. Once an exact voice visibility intent commits, a newer voice turn cannot relabel it as cancelled while Context settlement completes; pre-commit aborts remain cancellable and final lifecycle mismatches remain failures. Clear Selected Layers reserves its complete captured OFF set before sequential teardown; a newer absolute request of any origin supersedes only its layer reservation and remains authoritative. A rejected layer teardown retains the truthful enabled state, rolls already-stopped siblings back to the captured pre-entry set, and aborts replay; rapid exit/re-entry serializes the full Satellite enabled-state and parameter restore before a new snapshot is taken. Contacts remains additive and restores user-enabled layers normally.
@@ -4146,6 +4331,14 @@ silently demoting every later lookup for the session.
   (`calSource: 'manual'`) or curated pose (`poseSource: 'curated'`) is never presented as
   estimated, matching the CAL badge. Public camera state carries `headingConfidence` and
   `headingEstimated` (`src/layers/cctv/headingConfidence.js`, #639).
+- **CCTV identified hardware:** a camera whose source or seed names a hardware `model` that
+  resolves in `src/layers/cctv/modelSpecs.js` (vendored CC0 records from the CCTV Camera
+  Database) gets the model's specs appended to the HUD meta line. Only fixed single-lens
+  hardware fills the FOV, and only when the source or seed states none and the pose is not
+  curated, shown as `FOV n° (DATASHEET)` until a manual calibration moves it. PTZ, varifocal and
+  multi-sensor datasheets publish a capability range, not the lens's current zoom, so those
+  cameras keep their estimate and show `SPEC FOV min–max° (CAPABILITY)` beside it. Public
+  camera state carries `fovSource`, `specFovMinDeg`, `specFovMaxDeg` and `spec` (#452).
 - **FIRMS**: no ground clamping (zero 3D-tiles height sampling), ≤18 screen-decluttered ambient labels, click-to-inspect detail card, 2.5k/3k sprite budgets viewport-clipped by FRP.
 - **CCTV v2 foundation:** a pitched
   frustum wireframe (4 corner rays + far-cap rectangle) with a monitor plane at the frustum's
@@ -4538,12 +4731,17 @@ Coordinate input requires exactly two nonempty components; extra comma or semico
 
 Location search/fly-to, annotations and Radio location lookup receive one
 `placeSearch.geocode(query, { bias, signal })` service. `src/standalone` composes
-two offline providers first — a strict decimal-degree coordinate reader and an
+two offline providers first — a strict decimal-degree/geo-URI coordinate reader and an
 exact-match reader over the bundled city and landmark names — then Google when
 configured and Photon/OpenStreetMap as fallback, including Google transport
 failures or declined requests. The offline pair answer with no request and no
 key, and decline everything they are not certain of: a coordinate must be a
-decimal-degree pair (either order when N/S/E/W fix the axes), and a bundled name
+decimal-degree pair (either order when N/S/E/W fix the axes), or a two-dimensional
+WGS84 `geo:latitude,longitude` URI with an optional `;crs=wgs84`. URI scheme and
+CRS names are case-insensitive; internal whitespace, altitude, uncertainty, other
+parameters, query strings and fragments decline rather than silently dropping
+information. For example, `geo:39.7392,-104.9903` resolves offline to the same exact
+point, decimal label and framing box as `39.7392, -104.9903`. A bundled name
 must match exactly, so `12junk, 34oops` and `austin, tx` both reach the
 geocoders instead of being answered from the bundle. Degrees/minutes/seconds and
 grid references are not parsed. An answer either provider gives is exact, so
@@ -4600,7 +4798,7 @@ are omitted rather than framing the wrong part of the globe.
 - The bottom Visual Presets tray presents a **five-tile MAP SOURCE row** (`#map-stack-chips`, `src/mapStackChips.js`): Google 3D, Esri Satellite, Bing Aerial, Bing Labels, and OSM. The duplicate left `#stack-panel` is retired. The five tiles share one row on desktop and two rows on narrow screens, carry `aria-pressed` on the active source, and remain keyboard-reachable with a visible focus outline.
 - The lit tile follows controller state, not the click: a rejected switch (no ion token) or a superseded one (rapid A→B) leaves the genuinely active source lit, and the tray heading keeps its short-label status readout (`...` while switching, amber on `lastError`).
 - Ion stacks remain visible and keyboard-focusable when no ion token is configured, but expose `aria-disabled="true"` and do not switch. Their accessible label and tooltip quote `getStacks().unavailableReason` — the same string `setStack()` puts in the toast. OSM works keyless. The `ION` badge is gated on the stack's own `requiresIon`, so a `photoreal` chip unavailable because the Google tileset failed says so instead of falsely demanding an ion token.
-- Stack choice participates in share links (`src/sharelink.js`) and falls back to the best available stack when the requested one is unavailable (keyless boots land on Esri; OSM takes over automatically if Esri is unreachable). Share-link restore, the `set_map_stack` voice tool, and the chip row all land on the same `_setMapStack()` path.
+- Stack choice participates in share links (`src/sharelink.js`) and falls back to the best available stack when the requested one is unavailable (keyless boots land on Esri; OSM takes over automatically if Esri is unreachable; while that construction fallback is on screen Esri is retried in the background, 30 s doubling to a 10-minute cap with each attempt abandoned after 60 s, and replaces OSM once it loads. The switch to OSM after repeated Esri tile failures is not retried; selecting Esri again tries it). Share-link restore, the `set_map_stack` voice tool, and the chip row all land on the same `_setMapStack()` path.
 
 ### Voice Map Whiteboard / Annotations (June 2026)
 
@@ -4694,7 +4892,7 @@ pins and share links already supply complete boxes.
 - **Modes, pins and the preview.** The mode is explicit: `image` (one pinned day, slot `a`), `basemap` (that day on the left of a swipe, the basemap on the right: slot `a` splits LEFT and there is no second layer) and `ab` (day `a` left, day `b` right). `setAssignment(slot, key | null)` / `toggleAssignment(slot, key)` pin and unpin; a day is in one slot at most (pinning it in the other slot moves it) and an empty day cannot be pinned. `setMode()` keeps both pins; `b` only drapes in `ab`. While the mode's first empty slot exists the focused day previews in it: a click at once, arrow keys after 250 ms of quiet (`FOCUS_DEBOUNCE_MS`, one timer, last day wins); an unprobed day is followed and previews when its probe says present, an empty or unknown day never drapes and the previous preview stays. A pin change drops the preview until focus moves again, and unpinning takes that layer off at once. `rankLatest` picks START HERE coverage first (a present HLS day whose footprints cover the box, or have none, beats a newer sliver), then newest with all granules ≤ 20% known cloud, then newest; slivers only as `partial`; else the newest non-empty VIIRS day; it is focused and previewed after each search when nothing is pinned. Escape clears the preview (`clearPreview()`), then cancels the box tool, then blurs — with SELECT BOX armed too, through the tool's `onEscape` interceptor wired in `createApplicationTools`. Pins, mode, box and split changes made in the panel are published with `adoptLayerParams`, never while a share link is being applied.
 - **Rendering.** `rendering.js` owns at most two GIBS layers on the host `src/maps/imageryHost.js` resolves: `viewer.imageryLayers` while the globe shows, the photoreal tileset's `imageryLayers` while it is hidden, or none (the panel says so). Layers are rebuilt on a new host, never re-parented. `MapSourceController.subscribe()` fires after every settled stack switch (silent switches and fallbacks included) and the layer rebinds on it. Tile requests pass a six-slot semaphore of our own (Cesium's global limits are untouched). Under `requestRenderMode` a deferred tile needs a later frame, but a deferral must never request one itself or a stalled tile keeps the scene rendering every frame: a request that finds the semaphore full asks for nothing (the settling request asks for one frame), and a tile Cesium itself deferred goes through one coalesced 250 ms retry. Thumbnails: three fetches at once, sixteen decoded images, least-recently-used where a `get` read is never a use; eviction keeps the probe result. The strip's visible window is probed around the focused card; the pinned and previewed days are probed wherever they sit, at the focused card's priority, so a pin restored or assigned off-screen still drapes.
 - **Esri surface and the swipe.** While any image is on the map (a preview included) the layer holds the map lease (`acquireImageryComparison`, owner `recent-imagery`, `esri-if-photoreal`): on Google 3D the map switches to Esri, because 30 m pixels over 3D buildings do not read, and Cesium's split only works on the globe. The lease is handed back, and Google 3D restored unless the operator changed maps meanwhile, when the last image leaves the map or the layer is disabled; the notice line says so while it holds. While a day is shown the imagery keeps Esri: a manual switch that lands on Google 3D is answered at once with a new lease under the same policy (`keepEsri`), the notice reads `Imagery stays on Esri · CLEAR to use Google 3D`, and the divider never suspends because of a map switch. It re-leases once per switch generation and only for a manual one (`MapSourceController#getSwitchOrigin()` is `manual` for an outside `setStack`, `automatic` for the controller's own fallback or recovery), never for the lease's own switch and never while releasing, so CLEAR and disable still return to Google 3D; a lease another owner holds stays refused. When Esri fails and the controller falls back to Google 3D on its own, the layer lets the lease go without restoring anything, both days drape on the tileset without a swipe and the guidance reads `Esri map unavailable · no swipe`; only the next manual switch to Google 3D takes Esri again, so a failing Esri map is never retried in a loop. Switching between globe stacks (Esri, OSM, Bing) only rebinds. On a tileset host both images drape without a swipe. The split control (`createImagerySplit`, labels A / B, or IMAGE / BASEMAP) exists only while a swipe is live, recentres on every new comparison (not while scrubbing the second day), except once for a split restored from a link. There is no keyboard shortcut (Space is the app's push-to-talk): SWAP (`#ri-swap`, in the controls row, its slot reserved and the button disabled while no swipe is live) trades the two sides, A to the right and B to the left, or the image to the right of the basemap, and a second click restores; the hint reads `Drag the divider · SWAP trades sides`. The swap is not in the share link, and every new comparison starts unswapped. One opacity applies to both drapes. Another owner holding the lease is reported and the images still drape.
-- **Panel.** `#recent-imagery-panel` is static rail markup in `src/ui/templates/context.html` beside `#weather-panel`, registered in `PanelLayoutController`, `PanelChrome` and the share panel state (`ui` token `i`), hidden while the layer is off and opened on first appearance unless a stored or shared collapse choice exists (`dataset.collapsedPreference`). `LayerPanel.attachRecentImagery(factory)` mounts the readout (`createRecentImageryPanel` in `src/ui/recentImagery.js`) into its `data-rail-scroller` body, as the weather readout is mounted. The body is a fixed stack in which no block changes height and no control moves in any state: `#ri-actions` (SELECT BOX · USE VIEW · CLEAR, rail-card actions), `#ri-notice` (one line: `#ri-notice-text` with the refusal, error, CLEAR notice or the Esri note, and `#ri-zoom-in` in a fixed slot at its right end, reserved unless an oversized box or view can be fitted), `#ri-strip` (day cards newest first: thumbnail, date, sensor, cloud, START HERE, PREVIEW, and a SHOW chip or A and B chips; ← → Home End move, S / A / B pin, Enter previews), `#ri-hint` (one line: the next step), `#ri-selection` (`#ri-mode` IMAGE · VS BASEMAP · A / B, then `#ri-slot-a` and `#ri-slot-b` with `#ri-unpin-a` / `#ri-unpin-b` kept in place when empty), `#ri-controls` (`#ri-opacity`, EXPORT / EXPORT A and EXPORT B) and `#ri-details`, a collapsed rail card holding the focused day's acquisition, coverage and granules, catalog notes, the empty-days toggle and the imagery credit. Absent controls are reserved (invisible), never removed. Every render preserves the body's `scrollTop`.
+- **Panel.** `#recent-imagery-panel` is static rail markup in `src/ui/templates/context.html` beside `#weather-panel`, registered in `PanelLayoutController`, `PanelChrome` and the share panel state (`ui` token `i`), hidden while the layer is off and opened on first appearance unless a stored or shared collapse choice exists (`dataset.collapsedPreference`). `LayerPanel.attachRecentImagery(factory)` mounts the readout (`createRecentImageryPanel` in `src/ui/recentImagery.js`) into its `data-rail-scroller` body, as the weather readout is mounted. The body is a fixed stack in which no block changes height and no control moves in any state: `#ri-actions` (SELECT BOX · USE VIEW · CLEAR, rail-card actions), `#ri-notice` (one line: `#ri-notice-text` with the refusal, error, CLEAR notice or the Esri note, and `#ri-zoom-in` in a fixed slot at its right end, reserved unless an oversized box or view can be fitted), `#ri-strip` (day cards newest first: thumbnail, date, sensor, cloud, START HERE, PREVIEW, and a SHOW chip or A and B chips; ← → Home End move, S / A / B pin, Enter previews), `#ri-hint` (one line: the next step), `#ri-selection` (`#ri-mode` IMAGE · VS BASEMAP · A / B, then `#ri-slot-a` and `#ri-slot-b` with `#ri-unpin-a` / `#ri-unpin-b` kept in place when empty), `#ri-controls` (`#ri-opacity`, EXPORT / EXPORT A and EXPORT B) and `#ri-details`, a collapsed rail card holding the focused day's acquisition, coverage and granules, catalog notes, the empty-days toggle and the imagery credit. Absent controls are reserved (invisible), never removed. Every render preserves the body's `scrollTop`; opening DETAILS then scrolls its card into view once.
 - **Share links.** Layer options (token `1`): box edges as integers at degrees × 100000, pins `a` and `b` as compact days (`S20260918`), `m` mode (0 image, 1 basemap, 2 A / B), `p` split percent (share-link only: never stored locally) and `v` for the daily overview. Row chips: `MORE DETAIL · 30 m` (on) and `DAILY OVERVIEW · 250 m` (off).
 - Regression surface: the colocated `*.test.mjs` beside each module (shared doubles in `src/layers/recentImagery/testDoubles.mjs`; `src/ui/recentImagery.test.mjs` includes a DOM-structure guard: every control keeps its place in the tree, nothing is hidden, and every fixed-height block keeps the class the stylesheet fixes its height by; it has no layout, so it cannot see movement), `src/ui/layerPanel.test.mjs` (mount), `src/maps/controller.test.mjs` (`subscribe`), `src/data/layerState.test.mjs` (codec), `src/sharelink.celestial.test.mjs` (panel token), and the live gate `scripts/qa-recent-imagery.mjs`, which also measures every control's rect, relative to the panel, across the transitions within 1 px; that measurement is the real layout-shift check. `QA_RECENT_IMAGERY_SLOW_RENDER=1` gives loaded software renderers a 4 s zoom deadline and an 8-sample stability tail; the default stays 2 s and 12 samples.
 
@@ -5304,6 +5502,22 @@ Local FM and internet radio are one listening surface: starting local FM stops
 internet-radio playback, and starting internet radio stops local FM. ADS-B
 reception does not interrupt internet radio.
 
+- **FM seek.** Seeking wraps across 87.5–108 MHz, covers both band edges and
+  skips the starting station. Spectra carry a decoder epoch, so a retune or mode
+  change rejects earlier output. A failed scan retune stops seeking. This
+  integrates Aditya's (@Rohilalala) contribution in #1174; it does not change
+  the peak-selection algorithm or guarantee that a final station retune succeeds.
+- **Streaming and playback.** Four ordered USB reads keep input available while
+  the page handles other work; control changes drain those reads before touching
+  the receiver. The worker must finish loading before reads start. Decoder work
+  is limited to eight unacknowledged blocks / 512 KiB, with a one-second oldest
+  block watchdog. Overload stops the receiver with an explicit error. Stop
+  terminates the worker immediately and disables the audio session; stale decoder
+  output and audio from retired sessions are refused. FM audio starts after an
+  80 ms prebuffer and retains at most 256 ms, dropping the oldest frames on
+  overflow. FM signal display updates are coalesced to at most four per second;
+  spectra are computed only while seeking. Optional `decoderDiagnostics` adds
+  bounded timing samples and overload snapshots without recording audio or IQ.
 - **Modes.** FM (87.5–108 MHz, tune, seek, volume) or ADS-B at 1090 MHz.
   With a receiver open, selecting ADS-B enables the Local ADS-B layer;
   selecting FM disables it.

docs/I18N.md

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# UI text and translation
+
+Every piece of text a user can see goes through `t()`, `tn()` or `msg()` in code, or a `data-i18n*` attribute in markup. The English text itself is the key. English needs no catalog; other languages live in `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json`. Translators work from [TRANSLATORS.md](./TRANSLATORS.md).
+
+## Which one to use
+
+|                                 | Translates                        | Use for                                       |
+| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
+| `t(text, values)`               | now                               | any text shown right where it is written      |
+| `tn(count, one, other, values)` | now, picking the form for `count` | text that changes with a number               |
+| `msg(text)`                     | never: returns `text` unchanged   | text stored in data and passed to `t()` later |
+
+```js
+import { t, tn, msg } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
+status.textContent = t('Save keys');
+status.textContent = t('Saved to {store}', { store: storeLabel() });
+
+chip.textContent = tn(missing, '{count} KEY WAITING', '{count} KEYS WAITING');
+// en: 1 KEY / 3 KEYS     ru: 1 КЛЮЧ / 3 КЛЮЧА / 5 КЛЮЧЕЙ
+
+const FEED_STATE_LABELS = { loading: msg('LOADING'), stale: msg('STALE') };
+label.textContent = t(FEED_STATE_LABELS[state]);
+```
+
+A module the server, tools or other portable code also imports must not load the catalogs: it imports `msg` from `src/i18n/marker.js`, which only marks the text, and the UI translates it with `t()` where it shows it. (Older modules keep a local `const msg = (text) => text`, which works the same.)
+
+`msg()` exists for two reasons. `npm run i18n` finds messages only as string literals inside `t(…)`, `tn(…)` and `msg(…)`, so `t(FEED_STATE_LABELS[state])` alone tells it nothing. And a `t()` call at module load runs before the page has picked its language, so it would freeze the English.
+
+## Markup
+
+```html
+<span data-i18n>Normal</span>
+<button title="Pin visual presets" data-i18n-title>…</button>
+<input placeholder="Search any location..." data-i18n-placeholder />
+```
+
+`data-i18n` replaces the element's text, so put it on the element that directly holds the text, never on a parent with child elements. `data-i18n-title`, `data-i18n-aria-label` and `data-i18n-placeholder` translate that attribute. Markup is translated once at boot, and switching language reloads the page. A module that holds work a reload would lose (an unsaved edit, an open session) registers it with `registerUnsavedWork(() => busy ? msg('unsaved …') : null)` from `src/i18n/index.js`, and the language picker asks before reloading.
+
+## Rules
+
+- **Pass literals.** `t('Close')`, not `t(label)` (unless `label` holds a `msg()` value) and never a template literal with `${…}`.
+- **Use placeholders, not concatenation.** `t('Flying to {place}…', { place })`, not `t('Flying to') + ' ' + place`. Word order differs between languages.
+- **Use `tn()` for counts**, not `count === 1 ? … : …`. Russian has three forms.
+- **Translate the label, not the value.** Layer ids, enums, share-link parameters, API fields, voice tool schemas and feed data (callsigns, vessel and place names) stay as they are; translate only the text shown for them.
+- **No `t()` at module top level.** Keep the English in `msg()` and call `t()` when rendering.
+- **Numbers and dates** go through `formatNumber`, `formatDate`, `formatRelativeTime` and `formatUtcDayMonth` from `src/i18n/index.js`, which follow the active language.
+- **Identical English means identical translation,** unless you give it a context: `t('CLEAR', { context: 'action' })` (a button) is its own catalog entry, `action|CLEAR`, while `t('CLEAR')` (the sky) stays separate. English output is the same.
+- **Text that should stay English** (a brand, a code, a unit symbol) is simply not wrapped.
+
+## After you add or change text
+
+```sh
+npm run i18n                     # what each language lacks or no longer uses, and unmarked UI text
+npm run i18n -- --missing ru     # the missing ru entries as JSON
+npm run i18n -- --prune          # drop entries whose English no longer exists
+```
+
+Changing the English changes the key: the old translation goes unused and the new text shows as missing. Add the translation to every `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json` (or ask a translator), prune, and run `npm test`; it fails until every language is complete.
+
+To see a language, open the app with `?lang=ru`, or use the language picker (the globe button in the bottom-right corner).
+
+An empty translation is reported, and so is one left as the English, plural forms included. When English is right on purpose (a code such as CRT, a product name), list it under the language in `src/i18n/same-as-english.json`.
+
+## Text the check reports as unmarked
+
+`npm run i18n` and `npm test` fail on UI text that is not marked:
+
+- **Markup:** element text without `data-i18n`, and `title`, `aria-label` or `placeholder` without the matching `data-i18n-*`.
+- **Code:** string literals that reach the page without `t()`, `tn()` or `msg()`: assigned to `textContent`, `title` and the like; passed to `setAttribute('title' | 'aria-label' | …)`, `createTextNode`, `showToast` and other notice helpers; assigned to a layer's `error`, `lastError`, `loadingLabel`, `statusMessage` or `status` (a plain `error = …` too); or kept in `label:`, `title:`, `status:` and similar properties. Not reported: declarations (`let status = …`), default values, ternary branches and lower-case codes (`'auth-failed'`). The full list is `JS_SINKS` in `scripts/i18n.mjs`.
+
+Fix it by marking the text. When the text must stay as it is, say so where it lives:
+
+| Case                                                                        | How                                                                      |
+| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Codes, units, product names in markup (`0.9 dB`, `ADS-B · 1090`, `OpenSky`) | `translate="no"` on the element; it covers everything inside, as in HTML |
+| Markup whose text code sets through `t()` (a status that starts as `OFF`)   | `data-i18n-runtime` on the element                                       |
+| A literal in code that is not UI copy (a product name, sample data)         | `// i18n-ignore: <reason>` on the line or the line above                 |
+
+Icons (`aria-hidden="true"`, Material Symbols), comments, CSS values and lowercase identifiers are skipped automatically, and so is `src/tools/`, whose text is written for AI clients rather than the page.
+
+## Where things live
+
+| File                            | What it holds                                                                  |
+| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `src/i18n/index.js`             | `t`, `tn`, `msg`, the Intl formatters, markup translation, switching language  |
+| `src/i18n/marker.js`            | `msg` alone, for modules the server or tools import (no catalogs)              |
+| `src/i18n/locale.js`            | shipped languages, their names, choosing the language at boot                  |
+| `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json`  | one catalog per language, keyed by English text                                |
+| `src/i18n/same-as-english.json` | per language, the entries that stay as in English on purpose                   |
+| `scripts/i18n.mjs`              | `npm run i18n`: extracts messages, checks the catalogs, finds unmarked UI text |
+| `src/i18n/catalog.test.mjs`     | runs that check under `npm test`                                               |

docs/MAINTAINER_WORKFLOW.md

@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ failure elsewhere. These questions guide review, not a mandatory questionnaire.
   regressions? Prefer fixes whose tests fail on the base. Test-only PRs should
   close a real coverage gap with deterministic fixtures and useful assertions.
   Inspect removed/skipped tests, weakened assertions, mocks, snapshots, and runner
-  changes. Update `CURRENT-STATE.md` and `CHANGELOG.md` for runtime changes, and
+  changes. Update `CURRENT-STATE.md` and add a `changelog.d/<pr-number>-<slug>.md`
+  fragment (not an edit to `CHANGELOG.md`) for runtime changes, and
   `DATA_SOURCES.md` for source changes.
 
 ## 3. Choose execution proportionate to risk
@@ -124,6 +125,15 @@ Condition the merge on the reviewed head where supported; if revisions change,
 return to validation. Verify the merged tree matches the validated candidate and
 record the merge commit/PR URL; stop on mismatch.
 
+Pending release notes live in `changelog.d/`, one file per PR, so integration never
+resolves the top of `CHANGELOG.md`. At release, `npm run changelog:check` previews
+the batch and its order; `npm run changelog` splices it into `CHANGELOG.md` and
+empties the directory. The assembler refuses a malformed filename or two fragments
+claiming one PR number before writing, and copies text through unchanged so the
+contributor's wording and credit ship. The write is staged in
+`changelog.d/.assembling/`, so if it fails part-way, rerunning `npm run changelog`
+finishes or rolls back the batch. It never duplicates or drops an entry.
+
 Return this concise record privately unless posting is authorized. Keep sensitive
 security evidence in the private report:
 

docs/TOOLS.md

@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ and the development server's internal routes. See SECURITY.md.
 | `next_satellite_pass` | `satellites` | Next pass over a place or point (default the ISS), with naked-eye visibility |
 | `satellites_overhead` | `satellites` | Satellites in a CelesTrak group above a place or point now, highest first |
 | `find_cctv_cameras` | `cctv` | Public cameras in an area, nearest first |
-| `get_cctv_snapshot` | `cctv` | The current image from one camera, returned as image content |
+| `get_cctv_snapshot` | `cctv` | An image from one camera, returned as image content; Street View fallbacks are labelled historical |
 | `find_alpr_cameras` | `alpr` | OpenStreetMap-mapped license plate readers in a US/Canadian area up to 3° |
 | `find_radio_stations` | `radio` | Radio Browser stations by area and/or search terms, with stream URLs |
 | `search_places` | `placeSearch` | Points of interest matching a query within an area (Google Places) |

docs/TRANSLATORS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Translating God's Eye View
+
+Shipped languages: **English** (source and fallback), **Spanish** (`es`) and **Russian** (`ru`).
+
+## How it works
+
+The English text is the key: code calls `t('Save keys')`, and markup marks elements with `data-i18n`. How developers mark text is in [I18N.md](./I18N.md).
+
+Every other language is one flat JSON file, `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json`, keyed by the English text:
+
+```json
+{
+  "Save keys": "Сохранить ключи",
+  "{count} cameras": {
+    "one": "{count} камера",
+    "few": "{count} камеры",
+    "many": "{count} камер",
+    "other": "{count} камеры"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+A `tn()` entry is keyed by the English plural form and holds one string per `Intl.PluralRules` category of that language. A missing entry falls back to English.
+
+The page picks its language from `?lang=`, then the choice stored by the language picker (the globe button in the bottom-right corner), then the browser languages, then English. `?lang=` is not stored, and copied share links leave it out. Switching reloads the page.
+
+## The check
+
+```sh
+npm run i18n                      # what is missing, unused or broken, per language
+npm run i18n -- --missing ru      # missing ru entries as JSON, ready to translate
+npm run i18n -- --prune           # drop entries the code no longer uses
+```
+
+`npm test` runs the same check. It fails on a missing, empty or unused entry, on placeholders that differ from the English, on a missing plural form, and on text or plural forms still in English. The `--missing` template fails until every entry is translated. If an entry is right in English (a code such as CRT, a product name), add it under your language code in `src/i18n/same-as-english.json`.
+
+Changing English text changes its key: the old translation becomes unused and the new text shows as missing. Translate it and prune.
+
+## Fixing a translation
+
+Edit `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json` and run `npm run i18n`. To see your change, open the app with `?lang=<code>`.
+
+## Adding a language
+
+1. Create `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json`, fill it from `npm run i18n -- --missing <code>` (start from `{}`), and translate every entry.
+2. Import it in `src/i18n/index.js` and add it to `CATALOGS`.
+3. Add the code to `LOCALES` and its own-language name to `LOCALE_NAMES` in `src/i18n/locale.js`. Right-to-left languages also go in `RTL_LOCALES`.
+4. Add `src/i18n/locales/<code>.json` next to `ru.json` in `scripts/package-boundaries.json`.
+5. Write `docs/translations/<code>.md`: glossary, plural forms, units and style (copy the structure of `ru.md`).
+6. Run `npm run i18n` and `npm test`, then check the panels in the app at narrow widths.
+
+## Rules
+
+- Keep every `{placeholder}` name exactly as in the English: do not rename, drop or add one. Its position inside the sentence follows the grammar of your language, e.g. `"{accepted} of {raw} records accepted"` → `"принято записей: {accepted} из {raw}"`.
+- UPPERCASE English stays UPPERCASE. Short labels, chips and HUD readouts should stay short; prefer an abbreviation over a wrapped line.
+- Keep the separators `·`, `—`, `→`, `↗`, `…`.
+- Leave product, provider and data names in their original form: Google Maps, Cesium ion, OpenAI, ChatGPT, NASA FIRMS, USGS, OpenSky, ADS-B, AIS, CCTV, HUD, TomTom, OpenStreetMap, Mapillary, and keyboard keys (Space, Esc, H, 1–9).
+- Units follow the language's convention; see the language notes.
+
+## Never translated
+
+These are contracts, not copy: layer ids and registry keys, status enums and other machine values (translate only the label shown for them), share-link and hash parameters, `?lang=`, storage schemas, API fields, voice tool names and schemas, provider and dataset names, data from feeds (callsigns, vessel, satellite, station and place names, headlines), attribution, console diagnostics, and user-authored content.
+
+## Language notes
+
+Each language keeps its glossary, plural forms, units and style in its own file, `docs/translations/<code>.md`: [Spanish](./translations/es.md), [Russian](./translations/ru.md). Read it before translating, and add a term there when you settle on one.

docs/translations/es.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# Spanish (`es`)
+
+Catalog: `src/i18n/locales/es.json`. General rules: [TRANSLATORS.md](../TRANSLATORS.md).
+
+## Style
+
+- Neutral Spanish that reads naturally in Spain and Latin America; avoid regionalisms.
+- Address the user with informal "tú" imperatives: «Añade», «Activa», «Elige», «Pega», «Inténtalo de nuevo». Tooltips that name an action may use the infinitive: «Expandir el panel», «Restablecer la cámara».
+- Sentence case, not Title Case: "Live Flights" → «Vuelos en vivo». UPPERCASE English stays UPPERCASE: «EN VIVO», «SIN DATOS».
+- Quotes inside Spanish text are straight double quotes: «¿Eliminar el plano "{shot}"?». Questions and exclamations open with ¿ and ¡.
+- Short labels, chips and HUD readouts stay short. A standard abbreviation with a period beats a wrapped line: ANT., SIG., VEL., DIST., SINCR., cám., cob.
+- The HUD codes HDG, BRG, CRS, FOV, DEST, SPD, RANGE and ALT stay in English everywhere, as in cockpit avionics. Words used in a sentence are translated: heading → «rumbo», range → «alcance».
+- Keyboard keys stay in English: Space, Esc, Enter, Tab, Shift, H, 1–9 («Mantén pulsado Space para hablar»).
+- Units: km, m, km/h, m/s, kn (knots), ft (feet), h, min, s; in UPPERCASE text KM, KM/S, KN, FT, MIN, H. "m" is always metres, so minutes are «min» («hace 5 min»). MW stays MW. `°` and `%` stay.
+- "ago" goes before the time: «hace {count} min». When a placeholder already holds a localized "ago" text (`{age}`, `{ago}`), do not add «hace» again.
+- Spelling: «costo» (not «coste»).
+
+## Plurals
+
+A `tn()` entry needs three forms. `Intl.PluralRules('es')` picks:
+
+| Form    | Counts                                 | Example              |
+| ------- | -------------------------------------- | -------------------- |
+| `one`   | 1                                      | 1 cámara             |
+| `many`  | 1 000 000, 2 000 000… (exact millions) | 1 000 000 de cámaras |
+| `other` | everything else: 0, 2–999 999, 1.5…    | 3 cámaras            |
+
+The `many` form is the `other` text with «de» after the number: «{count} de cámaras cargadas», «{count} DE CLAVES EN ESPERA».
+
+## Glossary
+
+| English                                       | Español                                                           |
+| --------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| layer / data layer                            | capa / capa de datos                                              |
+| feed / source / data source                   | fuente / fuente / fuente de datos                                 |
+| LIVE (status) / live data                     | EN VIVO / datos en vivo                                           |
+| SIMULATED                                     | SIMULADO                                                          |
+| stale / degraded / unavailable                | desactualizado / degradado / no disponible                        |
+| retry / retrying                              | reintento / reintentando                                          |
+| key (API key) / POWER UP / POWERED UP         | clave / ENCENDER / ENCENDIDO                                      |
+| Provider Settings                             | Ajustes de proveedores                                            |
+| ON / OFF (state chips)                        | ACTIVO / INACTIVO (short enough for the layer pill)               |
+| enable / disable                              | activar / desactivar                                              |
+| globe / map / map source / map stack          | globo / mapa / fuente del mapa / conjunto de mapas                |
+| aircraft, plane / flight / military flights   | aeronave / vuelo / vuelos militares                               |
+| vessel, ship                                  | buque                                                             |
+| satellite / shell (Starlink) / DENSE          | satélite / capa / DENSO                                           |
+| launch (rocket) / launch site / space mission | lanzamiento / lugar de lanzamiento / misión espacial              |
+| ascent / replay / payload / stage             | ascenso / repetición / carga útil / etapa                         |
+| contact / tracking                            | contacto / rastreo                                                |
+| installation / site                           | instalación / sitio                                               |
+| mapped / observed                             | mapeado / observado                                               |
+| camera / CCTV camera                          | cámara / cámara CCTV                                              |
+| earthquake / active fire                      | terremoto / incendio activo                                       |
+| radio station                                 | emisora                                                           |
+| road / flow (traffic)                         | vía / flujo                                                       |
+| scene / shot / scene recipe                   | escena / plano / receta de escena                                 |
+| briefing / panel / dock                       | información / panel / dock                                        |
+| cockpit                                       | cabina                                                            |
+| preset / visual preset                        | preajuste / preajuste visual                                      |
+| Scope (circular viewport mask) / keyhole      | mirilla / ojo de cerradura                                        |
+| feather / fade                                | difuminado / desvanecimiento                                      |
+| detection overlay                             | superposición de detección                                        |
+| pin (Draw tool)                               | marcador                                                          |
+| Bloom / Glow (visual effect)                  | resplandor                                                        |
+| Cyber (HUD layout, effect)                    | Ciber                                                             |
+| heading, course / altitude / ground speed     | rumbo / altitud / velocidad respecto al suelo (short: VEL. SUELO) |
+| HDG / BRG / CRS / FOV / DEST / SPD / RANGE    | HDG / BRG / CRS / FOV / DEST / SPD / RANGE (unchanged)            |
+| PREV / NEXT                                   | ANT. / SIG.                                                       |
+| Previous / Next (button text)                 | Anterior / Siguiente                                              |
+| L / R (relative bearing)                      | I / D                                                             |
+| SIG / NEWS / LOCAL (briefing tabs)            | SIG / NOTICIAS / LOCAL                                            |
+| PITCH / HGT (CCTV calibration chips)          | INCL. / ALT.                                                      |
+| NOT AN ALL-CLEAR                              | NO IMPLICA TODO DESPEJADO                                         |
+| click / click to …                            | haz clic / clic para …                                            |

docs/translations/ru.md

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Russian (`ru`)
+
+Catalog: `src/i18n/locales/ru.json`. General rules: [TRANSLATORS.md](../TRANSLATORS.md).
+
+## Style
+
+- Address the user with polite imperatives: «Нажмите», «Включите», «Попробуйте снова».
+- Sentence case, not Title Case: "Live Flights" → «Рейсы в реальном времени».
+- Quotes inside Russian text are «ёлочки». Write ё where it belongs: её, ещё, всё.
+- In short labels, a standard abbreviation with a period beats a wrapped line: НЕОПРЕД., СЛЕД.
+- Units: км, м, км/ч, м/с, уз (knots), фт (feet), ч, мин, с; in UPPERCASE text КМ, М, КМ/С, УЗ, ФТ. MW is МВт in any case. `°` and `%` stay.
+
+## Plurals
+
+A `tn()` entry needs four forms. `Intl.PluralRules('ru')` picks:
+
+| Form    | Counts                   | Example    |
+| ------- | ------------------------ | ---------- |
+| `one`   | 1, 21, 31, 101…          | 1 камера   |
+| `few`   | 2–4, 22–24, 32–34…       | 3 камеры   |
+| `many`  | 0, 5–20, 25–30, 111–114… | 5 камер    |
+| `other` | fractions: 1.5, 2.25…    | 1,5 камеры |
+
+When a word next to a number cannot agree in every form, move the number after a colon instead: «доступно {bikes}», «ответов: {responses}». The same trick keeps place names and tool names out of a preposition's case: «откуда: {origin}», «Активно: {name}».
+
+## Glossary
+
+| English                                     | Русский                                                            |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| layer / data layer                          | слой / слой данных                                                 |
+| feed                                        | поток данных (short: поток)                                        |
+| source / data source                        | источник / источник данных                                         |
+| LIVE (status) / live data                   | ОНЛАЙН / в реальном времени                                        |
+| SIMULATED                                   | СИМУЛЯЦИЯ                                                          |
+| stale / degraded / unavailable              | устарел / с перебоями / недоступен                                 |
+| retry                                       | повтор                                                             |
+| key (API key) / POWER UP                    | ключ / ЗАПУСК                                                      |
+| Provider Settings                           | Настройки провайдеров                                              |
+| globe / map / map source                    | глобус / карта / источник карты                                    |
+| aircraft / flight / military flights        | самолёт (short HUD: борт) / рейс / военные рейсы                   |
+| vessel, ship / vessels                      | судно / суда                                                       |
+| satellite                                   | спутник                                                            |
+| launch (rocket) / space mission             | пуск / космическая миссия                                          |
+| contact / tracking                          | контакт / отслеживание                                             |
+| installation, site                          | объект                                                             |
+| camera / CCTV camera                        | камера / камера CCTV                                               |
+| earthquake / active fire                    | землетрясение / активный пожар                                     |
+| scene / shot / scene recipe                 | сцена / кадр / рецепт сцены                                        |
+| briefing / panel / dock                     | брифинг / панель / док                                             |
+| preset / visual preset                      | пресет / визуальный пресет                                         |
+| Scope (circular viewport mask)              | прицел                                                             |
+| heading / altitude / ground speed           | курс / высота / путевая скорость                                   |
+| HDG / BRG / CRS / FOV / DEST / SPD / RANGE  | КУРС / ПЕЛ. / ПУТЬ / ОБЗОР / НАЗН. / СКОР / ДАЛЬН.                 |
+| advisory (NHC/CPHC cyclone)                 | сводка (не «бюллетень»); Advisory center — центр циклона по сводке |
+| Street View (Google)                        | Просмотр улиц (как в русских Google Картах)                        |
+| CONUS (NOAA region code)                    | CONUS, без перевода                                                |
+| WHOT/BHOT, Ironbow (thermal modes, palette) | без перевода                                                       |
+| PREV / NEXT                                 | ПРЕД. / СЛЕД.                                                      |
+| Previous / Next (button text)               | Назад / Далее                                                      |
+| anchor / data pack / bundle (scene)         | якорь / пакет данных / архив                                       |
+| basemap / box (Recent Imagery area)         | подложка / область                                                 |
+| camera move                                 | перелёт                                                            |
+| SIG / NEWS / LOCAL (briefing tabs)          | СИГН. / НОВОСТИ / МЕСТН.                                           |
+| compass points (N, NNE, …)                  | С, ССВ, …                                                          |
+| L / R (relative bearing)                    | Л / П                                                              |

index.html

@@ -4,7 +4,20 @@
   <meta charset="UTF-8" />
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
   <title>God's Eye View</title>
+  <!-- Raster fallbacks: Safari ignores an SVG apple-touch-icon and falls back to a
+       screenshot of the page, so an installed app needs a real PNG. Regenerate
+       these from the logo with `node scripts/generate-icons.mjs`. -->
+  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/icons/icon-32.png" />
+  <!-- Listed after the PNG: browsers that use the last usable icon keep the SVG
+       for the tab. -->
   <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/logo.svg" />
+  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/icons/icon-180.png" />
+  <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.webmanifest" />
+  <meta name="theme-color" content="#0a0a0f" />
+  <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
+  <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
+  <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black" />
+  <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="God's Eye" />
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css" />
   <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" />
   <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin />

package.json

@@ -35,8 +35,11 @@
     "doctor": "node scripts/setup-doctor.mjs",
     "format": "node scripts/format.mjs --write",
     "format:check": "node scripts/format.mjs --check",
+    "i18n": "node scripts/i18n.mjs",
     "layer-token:next": "node scripts/next-layer-state-token.mjs",
     "layer-token:check": "node scripts/check-layer-state-tokens.mjs",
+    "changelog": "node scripts/assemble-changelog.mjs --write",
+    "changelog:check": "node scripts/assemble-changelog.mjs --check",
     "dev": "vite",
     "dev:secure": "./scripts/dev-secure.sh",
     "opensky:import": "./scripts/opensky-import-client.sh",

public/manifest.webmanifest

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+  "id": ".",
+  "name": "God's Eye View",
+  "short_name": "God's Eye",
+  "description": "Live spatial intelligence in the browser.",
+  "start_url": ".",
+  "scope": ".",
+  "display": "standalone",
+  "orientation": "any",
+  "background_color": "#0a0a0f",
+  "theme_color": "#0a0a0f",
+  "icons": [
+    { "src": "icons/icon-192.png", "sizes": "192x192", "type": "image/png" },
+    { "src": "icons/icon-512.png", "sizes": "512x512", "type": "image/png" },
+    {
+      "src": "icons/icon-512-maskable.png",
+      "sizes": "512x512",
+      "type": "image/png",
+      "purpose": "maskable"
+    }
+  ]
+}

scripts/assemble-changelog.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+import * as fs from 'node:fs/promises';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
+
+/**
+ * Release-time assembly of changelog fragments.
+ *
+ * A pull request adds `changelog.d/<pull request>-<slug>.md` instead of editing
+ * `CHANGELOG.md`. Distinct filenames never conflict, so two pull requests in
+ * flight no longer write into the same few lines at the top of one file. A
+ * release splices the fragments in and empties the directory.
+ *
+ * Fragment text is copied through unchanged apart from trailing whitespace:
+ * `src/annotations/drawTool.test.mjs` reads `CHANGELOG.md` as prose and slices a
+ * fixed window after a heading, so reflowing an entry here could move text
+ * across that window.
+ *
+ * A write is staged so that a failure at any point leaves a rerun unable to
+ * duplicate or lose an entry. The assembled file is written into
+ * `changelog.d/.assembling/` first, the fragments are renamed in beside it, and
+ * renaming the assembled file over `CHANGELOG.md` is the single commit point.
+ * While the assembled file is still staged the batch has not landed, so
+ * recovery moves the fragments back; once it is gone the batch has landed, and
+ * the staged fragments are leftovers to delete. Either way they are out of the
+ * input directory, so they are never assembled twice.
+ */
+export const FRAGMENT_DIR = 'changelog.d';
+export const STAGING_DIR = '.assembling';
+const STAGED_CHANGELOG = 'CHANGELOG.md';
+const FRAGMENT_NAME = /^(\d+)-[a-z0-9]+(?:-[a-z0-9]+)*\.md$/;
+const HEADING = '# Changelog\n';
+
+/** Fragment file names a release may consume, highest pull request first. */
+export function orderFragmentNames(names) {
+  const claimed = new Map();
+  for (const name of names) {
+    if (name === 'README.md') continue;
+    const match = FRAGMENT_NAME.exec(name);
+    if (!match) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Unexpected file in ${FRAGMENT_DIR}/: ${name}` +
+          ' — expected <pull request>-<slug>.md with a lowercase slug',
+      );
+    }
+    const number = Number(match[1]);
+    const prior = claimed.get(number);
+    if (prior) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Two fragments claim pull request ${number}: ${prior} and ${name}`,
+      );
+    }
+    claimed.set(number, name);
+  }
+  return [...claimed.entries()]
+    .sort(([a], [b]) => b - a)
+    .map(([, name]) => name);
+}
+
+/** Splice fragment bodies above the existing entries, newest batch on top. */
+export function assembleChangelog(changelog, fragments) {
+  if (!fragments.length) return changelog;
+  if (!changelog.startsWith(HEADING)) {
+    throw new Error('CHANGELOG.md must start with "# Changelog"');
+  }
+  const entries = changelog.slice(HEADING.length).replace(/^\n+/, '');
+  const batch = fragments.map((text) => text.replace(/\s+$/, '')).join('\n\n');
+  return `${HEADING}\n${batch}\n\n${entries}`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Finish or roll back a batch an earlier `--write` left in the staging
+ * directory. A no-op when there is none.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<'none'|'rolled-back'|'cleaned-up'>}
+ */
+export async function recoverInterruptedBatch(root, io = fs) {
+  const directory = path.join(root, FRAGMENT_DIR);
+  const staging = path.join(directory, STAGING_DIR);
+  let staged;
+  try {
+    staged = await io.readdir(staging);
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error.code === 'ENOENT') return 'none';
+    throw error;
+  }
+  if (!staged.includes(STAGED_CHANGELOG)) {
+    // The assembled file was renamed over CHANGELOG.md: the batch landed.
+    await io.rm(staging, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    return 'cleaned-up';
+  }
+  // The batch never reached CHANGELOG.md, so every fragment goes back.
+  const pending = new Set(await io.readdir(directory));
+  const fragments = staged.filter((name) => name !== STAGED_CHANGELOG);
+  const clash = fragments.filter((name) => pending.has(name));
+  if (clash.length) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Cannot roll back ${FRAGMENT_DIR}/${STAGING_DIR}/: ${clash.join(', ')}` +
+        ` also exist in ${FRAGMENT_DIR}/ — resolve by hand`,
+    );
+  }
+  for (const name of fragments) {
+    await io.rename(path.join(staging, name), path.join(directory, name));
+  }
+  await io.rm(staging, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  return 'rolled-back';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Report or apply the pending fragments in `<root>/changelog.d`.
+ *
+ * The batch is validated in full before anything is written, so a malformed
+ * filename or a duplicate pull request number leaves the directory untouched.
+ * `--write` first recovers any batch an interrupted run left staged.
+ *
+ * @param {string} root repository root
+ * @param {'--check'|'--write'} mode `--check` reports and changes nothing
+ * @param {typeof fs} [io] filesystem calls, replaceable for failure injection
+ * @returns {Promise<{ consumed: string[], changelog: string }>}
+ */
+export async function assembleFragments(root, mode, io = fs) {
+  if (!['--check', '--write'].includes(mode)) {
+    throw new Error(
+      'Usage: node scripts/assemble-changelog.mjs --check|--write',
+    );
+  }
+  const directory = path.join(root, FRAGMENT_DIR);
+  const staging = path.join(directory, STAGING_DIR);
+  const changelogFile = path.join(root, 'CHANGELOG.md');
+  if (mode === '--write') {
+    await recoverInterruptedBatch(root, io);
+  }
+  const names = await io.readdir(directory);
+  if (names.includes(STAGING_DIR)) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `${FRAGMENT_DIR}/${STAGING_DIR}/ holds a batch an interrupted release` +
+        ' left behind — `npm run changelog` finishes or rolls it back',
+    );
+  }
+  const consumed = orderFragmentNames(names);
+  const bodies = [];
+  for (const name of consumed) {
+    bodies.push(await io.readFile(path.join(directory, name), 'utf8'));
+  }
+  const changelog = assembleChangelog(
+    await io.readFile(changelogFile, 'utf8'),
+    bodies,
+  );
+  if (mode === '--write' && consumed.length) {
+    try {
+      await io.mkdir(staging);
+      await io.writeFile(
+        path.join(staging, STAGED_CHANGELOG),
+        changelog,
+        'utf8',
+      );
+      for (const name of consumed) {
+        await io.rename(path.join(directory, name), path.join(staging, name));
+      }
+      await io.rename(path.join(staging, STAGED_CHANGELOG), changelogFile);
+      await io.rm(staging, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    } catch (error) {
+      try {
+        await recoverInterruptedBatch(root, io);
+      } catch {
+        throw new Error(
+          `${error.message} — the batch is staged in ${FRAGMENT_DIR}/${STAGING_DIR}/,` +
+            ' and the next `npm run changelog` finishes or rolls it back',
+          { cause: error },
+        );
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+  return { consumed, changelog };
+}
+
+const invoked = process.argv[1]
+  ? pathToFileURL(path.resolve(process.argv[1])).href
+  : '';
+if (import.meta.url === invoked) {
+  try {
+    if (process.argv.length !== 3) {
+      throw new Error(
+        'Usage: node scripts/assemble-changelog.mjs --check|--write',
+      );
+    }
+    const mode = process.argv[2];
+    const { consumed } = await assembleFragments(
+      fileURLToPath(new URL('../', import.meta.url)),
+      mode,
+    );
+    if (!consumed.length) {
+      console.log(`No fragments in ${FRAGMENT_DIR}/.`);
+    } else {
+      console.log(
+        `${mode === '--write' ? 'Assembled' : 'Would assemble'} ${consumed.length} fragment(s), in order:` +
+          `\n  ${consumed.join('\n  ')}`,
+      );
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error(error.message);
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+  }
+}

scripts/format-scope.json

@@ -112,9 +112,12 @@
   "server/providers/cctv/cap.js",
   "server/providers/cctv/groundHeights.js",
   "server/providers/cctv/catalog.js",
+  "server/providers/cctv/lithuania.js",
+  "src/data/cctvLithuania.test.mjs",
   "server/providers/cctv/constants.js",
   "server/providers/cctv/media.js",
   "server/providers/cctv/normalize.js",
+  "src/data/cctvMissingNumbers.test.mjs",
   "server/providers/cctv/sources.js",
   "server/providers/radio.js",
   "server/providers/radio/catalog.js",
@@ -546,6 +549,7 @@
   "src/data/cctvEstonia.test.mjs",
   "src/data/cctvWarendorf.test.mjs",
   "src/data/cctvCalgary.test.mjs",
+  "src/data/cctvCataloniaSource.test.mjs",
   "src/data/cctvVegvesen.test.mjs",
   "src/data/cctvNyc.test.mjs",
   "src/data/cctvNswSource.test.mjs",
@@ -728,6 +732,7 @@
   "src/voice/session.test.mjs",
   "src/layers/alpr/records.js",
   "src/layers/earthquakes/records.js",
+  "src/layers/earthquakes/records.test.mjs",
   "src/sources/sourceSlot.js",
   "src/data/feedState.js",
   "src/app/localGeojsonServices.js",
@@ -869,9 +874,13 @@
   "src/layers/weather/imageryHost.test.mjs",
   "src/sdr/adsbDecoder.test.mjs",
   "src/sdr/controller.test.mjs",
+  "src/sdr/decoderDiagnostics.test.mjs",
   "src/sdr/gain.test.mjs",
+  "src/sdr/readPipeline.diag.test.mjs",
+  "src/sdr/sdrAudioWorklet.test.mjs",
   "src/sdr/spectrum.test.mjs",
   "src/sdr/usbDevices.test.mjs",
+  "src/sdr/workerAdmission.test.mjs",
   "src/sources/adsbRecords.test.mjs",
   "src/layers/localAdsb/index.test.mjs",
   "src/ui/localSdrControls.test.mjs",
@@ -1047,6 +1056,11 @@
   "src/costEndpointThrottle.test.mjs",
   "src/sources/gbfsStations.test.mjs",
   "scripts/qa-gbfs-names.mjs",
+  "scripts/generate-icons.mjs",
+  "src/tooling/webAppIcons.test.mjs",
   "src/ui/flyToDataSource.js",
-  "src/ui/flyToDataSource.test.mjs"
+  "src/ui/flyToDataSource.test.mjs",
+  "scripts/assemble-changelog.mjs",
+  "src/tooling/changelogFragments.test.mjs",
+  "src/data/gbfsProxyRateLimit.test.mjs"
 ]

scripts/generate-icons.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+// Renders the home-screen and favicon rasters from `public/logo.svg`.
+//
+// Re-run after changing the logo: `node scripts/generate-icons.mjs`. The output
+// is committed, because the install icons have to exist in a plain `vite build`
+// and contributors should not need an image toolchain to ship the app.
+import { mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import sharp from 'sharp';
+
+const REPO_ROOT = path.resolve(
+  fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url)),
+  '..',
+);
+const LOGO = path.join(REPO_ROOT, 'public', 'logo.svg');
+const OUT_DIR = path.join(REPO_ROOT, 'public', 'icons');
+
+/** `--bg-dark` from src/ui/styles/foundation.css, so the tile matches the app. */
+const BACKGROUND = '#0a0a0f';
+
+/**
+ * Fraction of the canvas the mark is allowed to occupy.
+ *
+ * A maskable icon may be cropped to a circle inscribed in the middle 80% of the
+ * square, so its mark stays well inside that circle; the other icons are shown
+ * as drawn and only need optical breathing room.
+ */
+const INSET = { normal: 0.78, maskable: 0.54 };
+
+const TARGETS = [
+  { file: 'icon-32.png', size: 32, inset: INSET.normal },
+  { file: 'icon-180.png', size: 180, inset: INSET.normal },
+  { file: 'icon-192.png', size: 192, inset: INSET.normal },
+  { file: 'icon-512.png', size: 512, inset: INSET.normal },
+  { file: 'icon-512-maskable.png', size: 512, inset: INSET.maskable },
+];
+
+/** Fit the logo inside `size * inset` and centre it on an opaque square. */
+async function render(svg, { size, inset }) {
+  const box = Math.round(size * inset);
+  // The logo's viewBox is wider than it is tall, so `contain` bounds it by
+  // width and leaves the vertical padding uneven — centring is done by the
+  // composite below rather than by the resize.
+  const mark = await sharp(svg, { density: 384 })
+    .resize(box, box, {
+      fit: 'contain',
+      background: { r: 0, g: 0, b: 0, alpha: 0 },
+    })
+    .png()
+    .toBuffer();
+  return sharp({
+    create: {
+      width: size,
+      height: size,
+      channels: 4,
+      background: BACKGROUND,
+    },
+  })
+    .composite([{ input: mark, gravity: 'centre' }])
+    .png({ compressionLevel: 9 })
+    .toBuffer();
+}
+
+const svg = await readFile(LOGO);
+await mkdir(OUT_DIR, { recursive: true });
+for (const target of TARGETS) {
+  await writeFile(path.join(OUT_DIR, target.file), await render(svg, target));
+  console.log(`icons: wrote ${target.file} (${target.size}px)`);
+}

scripts/i18n.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,623 @@
+// Keeps the locale catalogs in step with the code.
+//
+//   npm run i18n                     check every catalog and find unmarked UI text
+//   npm run i18n -- --prune          also drop entries the code no longer uses
+//   npm run i18n -- --missing ru     print what ru lacks, as JSON to translate
+//
+// A translation left as the English fails unless src/i18n/same-as-english.json
+// lists it.
+//
+// Messages are the English literals passed to t(), tn() and msg() in src/,
+// plus the markup opted in with data-i18n* in src/ui/templates and index.html.
+// It also lists UI text that is not marked at all (see findUnmarked).
+import { existsSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+
+const ROOT = path.resolve(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), '..');
+const LOCALES_DIR = path.join(ROOT, 'src/i18n/locales');
+const SAME_AS_ENGLISH = path.join(ROOT, 'src/i18n/same-as-english.json');
+
+const STRING = String.raw`'(?:\\.|[^'\\\n])*'|"(?:\\.|[^"\\\n])*"|\`(?:\\.|[^\`\\$])*\``;
+const CALL = new RegExp(
+  String.raw`\bt\(\s*(${STRING})\s*,\s*\{\s*context:\s*(${STRING})|\b(t|msg)\(\s*(${STRING})|\btn\(\s*[^,]+?,\s*(${STRING})\s*,\s*(${STRING})`,
+  'g',
+);
+
+function unquote(literal) {
+  const body = literal.slice(1, -1);
+  return body.replace(
+    /\\(u\{[0-9a-fA-F]+\}|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{2}|.)/gs,
+    (_, esc) => {
+      if (esc[0] === 'u' || esc[0] === 'x') {
+        return String.fromCodePoint(parseInt(esc.replace(/[ux{}]/g, ''), 16));
+      }
+      return { n: '\n', t: '\t', r: '\r' }[esc] ?? esc;
+    },
+  );
+}
+
+const ENTITIES = {
+  amp: '&',
+  lt: '<',
+  gt: '>',
+  quot: '"',
+  apos: "'",
+  nbsp: ' ',
+};
+function decodeHtml(text) {
+  return text.replace(/&(#x[0-9a-f]+|#\d+|[a-z]+);/gi, (all, name) => {
+    if (name[0] === '#') {
+      const hex = name[1] === 'x' || name[1] === 'X';
+      return String.fromCodePoint(
+        parseInt(name.slice(hex ? 2 : 1), hex ? 16 : 10),
+      );
+    }
+    return ENTITIES[name.toLowerCase()] ?? all;
+  });
+}
+
+const normalize = (text) => text.replace(/\s+/g, ' ').trim();
+
+function trackedFiles(...pathspecs) {
+  return (
+    execFileSync(
+      'git',
+      [
+        'ls-files',
+        '--cached',
+        '--others',
+        '--exclude-standard',
+        '--',
+        ...pathspecs,
+      ],
+      {
+        cwd: ROOT,
+        encoding: 'utf8',
+      },
+    )
+      .split('\n')
+      .filter(Boolean)
+      // The index still lists a file moved or deleted without git mv / git rm.
+      .filter((file) => existsSync(path.join(ROOT, file)))
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Every message the code can ask for.
+ * @returns {Map<string, {plural: boolean, one?: string, where: string}>}
+ */
+export function extractMessages() {
+  const messages = new Map();
+  const add = (text, where, plural = null) => {
+    if (!text) return;
+    const known = messages.get(text);
+    if (known && Boolean(known.plural) !== Boolean(plural)) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `${where}: "${text}" is used both as plural and plain text (also ${known.where})`,
+      );
+    }
+    if (!known)
+      messages.set(text, { plural: Boolean(plural), one: plural?.one, where });
+  };
+
+  const sources = sourceFiles();
+  for (const file of sources) {
+    const source = readFileSync(path.join(ROOT, file), 'utf8');
+    for (const match of source.matchAll(CALL)) {
+      const line = source.slice(0, match.index).split('\n').length;
+      const where = `${file}:${line}`;
+      if (match[1]) {
+        add(`${unquote(match[2])}|${unquote(match[1])}`, where);
+      } else if (match[4]) {
+        if (match[4][0] === '`' && match[4].includes('${')) continue;
+        add(unquote(match[4]), where);
+      } else {
+        add(unquote(match[6]), where, { one: unquote(match[5]) });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  const markup = trackedFiles('index.html', 'src/ui/templates/*.html');
+  const TAG = /<([a-zA-Z][\w-]*)(\s[^>]*?)\/?>([^<]*)/gs;
+  for (const file of markup) {
+    const html = readFileSync(path.join(ROOT, file), 'utf8');
+    for (const [, tag, attrs, text] of html.matchAll(TAG)) {
+      const where = `${file} <${tag}>`;
+      if (/\sdata-i18n(\s|=|$)/.test(attrs))
+        add(normalize(decodeHtml(text)), where);
+      for (const [, name] of attrs.matchAll(
+        /\sdata-i18n-(title|aria-label|placeholder)\b/g,
+      )) {
+        const value = attrs.match(new RegExp(String.raw`\s${name}="([^"]*)"`));
+        if (value) add(decodeHtml(value[1]), where);
+        else
+          throw new Error(
+            `${where}: data-i18n-${name} without a ${name} attribute`,
+          );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return messages;
+}
+
+const hasWords = (text) => /[A-Za-z]{2,}/.test(text);
+const lineAt = (source, index) => source.slice(0, index).split('\n').length;
+
+const VOID_TAGS = new Set(
+  'area base br col embed hr img input link meta source track wbr'.split(' '),
+);
+const SKIP_TAGS = new Set(['script', 'style', 'svg', 'code', 'pre', 'title']);
+
+/**
+ * User-visible markup text without data-i18n*. Skipped, with everything
+ * inside: translate="no" (text that stays as is, as in HTML),
+ * data-i18n-runtime (code sets this text through t()), and icons
+ * (aria-hidden, Material Symbols).
+ */
+export function unmarkedMarkup(file, html) {
+  const found = [];
+  const source = html.replace(/<!--[\s\S]*?-->|<![^>]*>/g, (c) =>
+    c.replace(/[^\n]/g, ' '),
+  );
+  const TOKEN =
+    /<(\/?)([a-zA-Z][\w-]*)((?:"[^"]*"|'[^']*'|[^>"'])*?)(\/?)>|([^<]+)/g;
+  const stack = [];
+  const skipping = () => stack.at(-1)?.skip === true;
+  for (const match of source.matchAll(TOKEN)) {
+    const [, closing, rawTag, attrs = '', selfClosing, text] = match;
+    if (text !== undefined) {
+      const top = stack.at(-1);
+      const value = normalize(decodeHtml(text));
+      if (!skipping() && hasWords(value) && !top?.marked)
+        found.push({
+          where: `${file}:${lineAt(source, match.index)}`,
+          text: value,
+        });
+      continue;
+    }
+    const tag = rawTag.toLowerCase();
+    if (closing) {
+      const at = stack.map((entry) => entry.tag).lastIndexOf(tag);
+      if (at >= 0) stack.length = at;
+      continue;
+    }
+    const skip =
+      skipping() ||
+      SKIP_TAGS.has(tag) ||
+      /\stranslate="no"/.test(attrs) ||
+      /\sdata-i18n-runtime\b/.test(attrs) ||
+      /\saria-hidden="true"/.test(attrs) ||
+      /class="[^"]*material-symbols/.test(attrs);
+    if (!skip) {
+      for (const [, name, value] of attrs.matchAll(
+        /\s(title|aria-label|placeholder)="([^"]*)"/g,
+      )) {
+        if (
+          hasWords(value) &&
+          !new RegExp(String.raw`\sdata-i18n-${name}\b`).test(attrs)
+        )
+          found.push({
+            where: `${file}:${lineAt(source, match.index)}`,
+            text: `${name}="${decodeHtml(value)}"`,
+          });
+      }
+    }
+    if (!VOID_TAGS.has(tag) && !selfClosing)
+      stack.push({ tag, skip, marked: /\sdata-i18n(\s|=|$)/.test(attrs) });
+  }
+  return found;
+}
+
+// Where a string becomes UI text. Each pattern ends where the value starts.
+const JS_SINKS = [
+  /\.(?:textContent|innerText|innerHTML|outerHTML|title|placeholder|ariaLabel)\s*=(?!=)\s*/g,
+  /\bsetAttribute\(\s*['"](?:title|aria-label|aria-valuetext|placeholder|alt)['"]\s*,\s*/g,
+  /\b(?:createTextNode|insertAdjacentText)\(\s*(?:['"][a-z]+['"]\s*,\s*)?/g,
+  /\binsertAdjacentHTML\(\s*['"][a-z]+['"]\s*,\s*/g,
+  // Also showToast?.(…) and this._showToast(…).
+  /\b_?(?:showToast|toast|setHint|announce|say)(?:\?\.)?\(\s*/g,
+  // `status` values are often codes ('ok', 'auth-failed'); visibleText drops
+  // those, so only readable text is reported. A name right after `?` is a
+  // ternary branch (`ok ? status : 'Fallback'`), not a property.
+  /(?:^|[{,\s])(?<!\?\s*)(?:label|title|tooltip|placeholder|hint|ariaLabel|accessibilityLabel|caption|subtitle|kicker|emptyText|blurb|countLabel|status|loadingLabel|statusMessage)\s*:\s*/gm,
+];
+// Layer status set by assignment: this._error = …, stats.lastError = …,
+// error = … (a layer factory keeps its status in `let error`). Not checked:
+// the declaration itself (`const error = …`, `let status = …`) and a default
+// value in a parameter list or destructuring (see defaultValue).
+const ASSIGNMENT_SINK =
+  /(?<![\w$])(?<!\b(?:const|let|var)\s+)_?(?:error|lastError|loadingLabel|statusMessage|status)\s*(?:\?\?|\|\|)?=(?![=>])\s*/g;
+JS_SINKS.push(ASSIGNMENT_SINK);
+
+/**
+ * Whether `name = value` at `nameStart` is a default (`(status = 'idle') =>`,
+ * `const { error = '…' } = options`): it follows `(`, `[`, `{` or `,` and its
+ * value ends at `,` or a closing bracket. An assignment statement ends at `;`.
+ */
+function defaultValue(source, nameStart, valueStart) {
+  const before = source.slice(0, nameStart).trimEnd().at(-1);
+  if (!before || !'([{,'.includes(before)) return false;
+  const end = valueStart + expressionAt(source, valueStart).length;
+  const after = source.slice(end).trimStart()[0];
+  return Boolean(after) && ',)]}'.includes(after);
+}
+const MARKERS = /\b(?:t|tn|msg)\(/y;
+
+/** The expression starting at `start`, up to its end at bracket depth 0. */
+function expressionAt(source, start) {
+  let depth = 0;
+  let i = start;
+  for (; i < source.length; i++) {
+    const c = source[i];
+    if (c === "'" || c === '"' || c === '`') {
+      i = skipString(source, i);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if ('([{'.includes(c)) depth++;
+    else if (')]}'.includes(c)) {
+      if (depth === 0) break;
+      depth--;
+    } else if (depth === 0 && (c === ';' || c === ',')) break;
+    else if (depth === 0 && c === '\n') {
+      const next = source.slice(i + 1).match(/^\s*(\S\S?)/)?.[1] ?? '';
+      const before = source.slice(start, i).trimEnd().at(-1) ?? '';
+      if (!/^(\?|:|\+|\.|&&|\|\|)/.test(next) && !/[?:+=&|(,]/.test(before))
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+  return source.slice(start, i);
+}
+
+function skipString(source, i) {
+  const quote = source[i];
+  for (let j = i + 1; j < source.length; j++) {
+    if (source[j] === '\\') j++;
+    else if (quote === '`' && source[j] === '$' && source[j + 1] === '{') {
+      let depth = 1;
+      for (j += 2; j < source.length && depth; j++) {
+        if (source[j] === '{') depth++;
+        else if (source[j] === '}') depth--;
+        else if ('\'"`'.includes(source[j])) j = skipString(source, j);
+      }
+      j--;
+    } else if (source[j] === quote) return j;
+    else if (quote !== '`' && source[j] === '\n') return j;
+  }
+  return source.length;
+}
+
+/** String literals that sit in value position: not inside any call or index,
+ * not compared, and not already passed to t/tn/msg. */
+function valueLiterals(expression) {
+  const literals = [];
+  let callDepth = 0;
+  const stack = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < expression.length; i++) {
+    const c = expression[i];
+    if (c === '(' || c === '[') {
+      const isCall = c === '[' || /[\w$\]\)]\s*$/.test(expression.slice(0, i));
+      stack.push(isCall);
+      if (isCall) callDepth++;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (c === ')' || c === ']') {
+      if (stack.pop()) callDepth--;
+      continue;
+    }
+    MARKERS.lastIndex = i;
+    if (MARKERS.test(expression)) {
+      stack.push(true);
+      callDepth++;
+      i = MARKERS.lastIndex - 1;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (c !== "'" && c !== '"' && c !== '`') continue;
+    const end = skipString(expression, i);
+    const literal = expression.slice(i, end + 1);
+    const before = expression.slice(0, i).trimEnd();
+    const after = expression.slice(end + 1).trimStart();
+    const compared =
+      /(===|!==|==|!=|\bcase|\bin)$/.test(before) ||
+      /^(===|!==|==|!=|in\b)/.test(after);
+    if (callDepth === 0 && !compared) literals.push(literal);
+    i = end;
+  }
+  return literals;
+}
+
+/** The text a literal shows: static template parts, HTML tags removed. */
+function visibleText(literal, html) {
+  let body = literal.slice(1, -1).replace(/\$\{(?:[^{}]|\{[^{}]*\})*\}/g, ' ');
+  if (html) {
+    const attrs = [
+      ...body.matchAll(/\s(?:title|aria-label|placeholder|alt)="([^"]*)"/g),
+    ].map((m) => m[1]);
+    body = decodeHtml([body.replace(/<[^>]*>/g, ' '), ...attrs].join(' '));
+  }
+  const text = normalize(body);
+  if (!hasWords(text)) return null;
+  if (/\{[^{}]*:[^{}]*\}|^[\w-]+\s*:\s*[^;]+;/.test(text)) return null; // CSS
+  if (/^(?:rgba?|hsla?)\(|\b\d+px\b/.test(text)) return null; // colours, fonts
+  if (/^[a-z0-9_.:/-]+$/.test(text) || /^https?:/.test(text)) return null;
+  return text;
+}
+
+/** Blank out comments, keeping strings and line numbers intact. */
+function withoutComments(source) {
+  let out = '';
+  for (let i = 0; i < source.length; i++) {
+    const c = source[i];
+    if (c === "'" || c === '"' || c === '`') {
+      const end = skipString(source, i);
+      out += source.slice(i, end + 1);
+      i = end;
+    } else if (c === '/' && source[i + 1] === '/') {
+      const end = source.indexOf('\n', i);
+      const stop = end < 0 ? source.length : end;
+      out += ' '.repeat(stop - i);
+      i = stop - 1;
+    } else if (c === '/' && source[i + 1] === '*') {
+      const end = source.indexOf('*/', i + 2);
+      const stop = end < 0 ? source.length : end + 2;
+      out += source.slice(i, stop).replace(/[^\n]/g, ' ');
+      i = stop - 1;
+    } else out += c;
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+export function unmarkedScript(file, original) {
+  const found = [];
+  const lines = original.split('\n');
+  const source = withoutComments(original);
+  const ignored = (line) =>
+    /i18n-ignore/.test(lines[line - 1] ?? '') ||
+    /i18n-ignore/.test(lines[line - 2] ?? '');
+  for (const sink of JS_SINKS) {
+    sink.lastIndex = 0;
+    for (const match of source.matchAll(sink)) {
+      const start = match.index + match[0].length;
+      const line = lineAt(source, start);
+      if (ignored(line)) continue;
+      if (sink === ASSIGNMENT_SINK && defaultValue(source, match.index, start))
+        continue;
+      const html = /HTML/.test(match[0]);
+      for (const literal of valueLiterals(expressionAt(source, start))) {
+        const text = visibleText(literal, html);
+        if (text) found.push({ where: `${file}:${line}`, text });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return found;
+}
+
+/**
+ * UI text that is not marked for translation: markup without data-i18n* and
+ * string literals that reach the page without t(), tn() or msg().
+ * Opt-outs: see unmarkedMarkup; in code, `// i18n-ignore` on or above the line.
+ * @returns {{where: string, text: string}[]}
+ */
+export function findUnmarked() {
+  const found = [];
+  for (const file of trackedFiles('index.html', 'src/ui/templates/*.html'))
+    found.push(
+      ...unmarkedMarkup(file, readFileSync(path.join(ROOT, file), 'utf8')),
+    );
+  for (const file of sourceFiles().filter(
+    (name) => !NOT_UI.some((pattern) => pattern.test(name)),
+  ))
+    found.push(
+      ...unmarkedScript(file, readFileSync(path.join(ROOT, file), 'utf8')),
+    );
+  const seen = new Set();
+  return found.filter(({ where, text }) => {
+    const key = `${where}\0${text}`;
+    if (seen.has(key)) return false;
+    seen.add(key);
+    return true;
+  });
+}
+
+// Text that never reaches the page as UI: tool results and descriptions for
+// AI clients (MCP and the voice model).
+const NOT_UI = [/^src\/tools\//];
+
+function sourceFiles() {
+  return trackedFiles(
+    'src/*.js',
+    'src/*.mjs',
+    'src/**/*.js',
+    'src/**/*.mjs',
+  ).filter(
+    (file) =>
+      !file.startsWith('src/i18n/') &&
+      !/\.test\.mjs$|\/testSupport\//.test(file),
+  );
+}
+
+const placeholders = (text) =>
+  [...String(text).matchAll(/\{([A-Za-z0-9_]+)\}/g)]
+    .map((m) => m[1])
+    .sort()
+    .join(',');
+
+export function catalogPath(locale) {
+  return path.join(LOCALES_DIR, `${locale}.json`);
+}
+
+export function readCatalog(locale) {
+  return JSON.parse(readFileSync(catalogPath(locale), 'utf8'));
+}
+
+export function shippedLocales() {
+  return trackedFiles('src/i18n/locales/*.json').map((file) =>
+    path.basename(file, '.json'),
+  );
+}
+
+/** Messages a locale keeps exactly as in English, on purpose. */
+export function readSameAsEnglish(locale) {
+  const lists = JSON.parse(readFileSync(SAME_AS_ENGLISH, 'utf8'));
+  return new Set(lists[locale] || []);
+}
+
+/** The English a message shows: its text without the "context|" prefix. */
+const englishOf = (text) => text.slice(text.indexOf('|') + 1);
+
+/** A translation with nothing to show: t() falls back to English for it. */
+const blank = (value) => value.trim() === '';
+
+/** Words to read, beyond {placeholders}, codes and punctuation. */
+const hasLetters = (value) => /\p{L}{2}/u.test(value.replace(/\{[^}]*\}/g, ''));
+
+const STILL_ENGLISH = (text, locale) =>
+  `"${text}" is still English: translate it, or list it under "${locale}" in src/i18n/same-as-english.json`;
+
+/**
+ * Compare one catalog with the extracted messages.
+ * @param {Set<string>} [sameAsEnglish] Messages allowed to read as English.
+ * @returns {{missing: string[], stale: string[], errors: string[]}}
+ */
+export function checkCatalog(
+  locale,
+  catalog,
+  messages,
+  sameAsEnglish = readSameAsEnglish(locale),
+) {
+  const categories = new Intl.PluralRules(locale).resolvedOptions()
+    .pluralCategories;
+  const missing = [];
+  const errors = [];
+  for (const [text, info] of messages) {
+    if (!Object.hasOwn(catalog, text)) {
+      missing.push(text);
+      continue;
+    }
+    const entry = catalog[text];
+    if (info.plural) {
+      if (!entry || typeof entry !== 'object') {
+        errors.push(`"${text}" needs plural forms ${categories.join('/')}`);
+        continue;
+      }
+      const english = new Set([info.one, englishOf(text)]);
+      const stillEnglish = [];
+      for (const category of categories) {
+        const form = entry[category];
+        if (typeof form !== 'string')
+          errors.push(`"${text}" lacks the "${category}" form`);
+        else if (blank(form))
+          errors.push(`"${text}" [${category}] is empty: translate it`);
+        else if (placeholders(form) !== placeholders(text))
+          errors.push(`"${text}" [${category}] placeholders differ: ${form}`);
+        else if (english.has(form) && hasLetters(form))
+          stillEnglish.push(category);
+      }
+      if (stillEnglish.length && !sameAsEnglish.has(text))
+        errors.push(
+          `${STILL_ENGLISH(text, locale)} (forms ${stillEnglish.join('/')})`,
+        );
+    } else if (typeof entry !== 'string') {
+      errors.push(`"${text}" must be a string`);
+    } else if (blank(entry)) {
+      errors.push(`"${text}" is empty: translate it`);
+    } else if (placeholders(entry) !== placeholders(text)) {
+      errors.push(`"${text}" placeholders differ: ${entry}`);
+    } else if (
+      entry === englishOf(text) &&
+      hasLetters(entry) &&
+      !sameAsEnglish.has(text)
+    ) {
+      errors.push(STILL_ENGLISH(text, locale));
+    }
+  }
+  const stale = Object.keys(catalog).filter((text) => !messages.has(text));
+  return { missing, stale, errors };
+}
+
+/**
+ * What `--missing <locale>` prints: every missing entry, ready to translate.
+ * A template, not a translation: the check rejects a string left empty and a
+ * plural form left as the English.
+ */
+export function missingTemplate(locale, catalog, messages) {
+  const categories = new Intl.PluralRules(locale).resolvedOptions()
+    .pluralCategories;
+  const out = {};
+  for (const text of checkCatalog(locale, catalog, messages, new Set())
+    .missing) {
+    const info = messages.get(text);
+    out[text] = info.plural
+      ? Object.fromEntries(
+          categories.map((category) => [
+            category,
+            category === 'one' ? info.one : text,
+          ]),
+        )
+      : '';
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+function main(args) {
+  const messages = extractMessages();
+  const missingFor = args.includes('--missing')
+    ? args[args.indexOf('--missing') + 1]
+    : null;
+  if (missingFor) {
+    const out = missingTemplate(missingFor, readCatalog(missingFor), messages);
+    console.log(JSON.stringify(out, null, 2));
+    return 0;
+  }
+  let failed = false;
+  for (const locale of shippedLocales()) {
+    let catalog = readCatalog(locale);
+    const { missing, stale, errors } = checkCatalog(locale, catalog, messages);
+    if (args.includes('--prune') && stale.length) {
+      catalog = Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(catalog).filter(([text]) => messages.has(text)),
+      );
+      writeFileSync(
+        catalogPath(locale),
+        `${JSON.stringify(catalog, null, 2)}\n`,
+      );
+      console.log(`${locale}: pruned ${stale.length} unused entries`);
+    } else if (stale.length) {
+      failed = true;
+      console.log(
+        `${locale}: ${stale.length} entries the code no longer uses (npm run i18n -- --prune):`,
+      );
+      for (const text of stale) console.log(`  ${JSON.stringify(text)}`);
+    }
+    if (missing.length) {
+      failed = true;
+      console.log(
+        `${locale}: ${missing.length} missing (npm run i18n -- --missing ${locale}):`,
+      );
+      for (const text of missing)
+        console.log(`  ${JSON.stringify(text)}  ${messages.get(text).where}`);
+    }
+    for (const error of errors) {
+      failed = true;
+      console.log(`${locale}: ${error}`);
+    }
+    if (!missing.length && !stale.length && !errors.length) {
+      console.log(`${locale}: ${messages.size} messages, complete`);
+    }
+  }
+  const unmarked = findUnmarked();
+  if (unmarked.length) {
+    failed = true;
+    console.log(
+      `${unmarked.length} UI strings not marked for translation (see docs/I18N.md):`,
+    );
+    for (const { where, text } of unmarked)
+      console.log(`  ${where}  ${JSON.stringify(text)}`);
+  }
+  return failed ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+if (process.argv[1] === fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)) {
+  process.exitCode = main(process.argv.slice(2));
+}

scripts/pinokio-install.mjs

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ export function runChecked(command, args, { shell = false } = {}) {
 export function installPinokioDependencies() {
   applyPinokioEnvironment();
   rmSync(READY_FILE, { force: true });
-  const npm = npmProcessSpec();
-  runChecked(npm.command, ['ci'], { shell: npm.shell });
+  const npm = npmProcessSpec(['ci']);
+  runChecked(npm.command, npm.args, { shell: npm.shell });
 
   // Pinokio starts Vite directly and loads only its ENVIRONMENT file plus the
   // normal dotenv ladder. Unlike dev-fresh.sh, it does not import macOS

scripts/qa-l9-matrix.mjs

@@ -2006,8 +2006,9 @@ async function runBrowserGroup(record) {
       for (let i = 0; i < 20; i += 1) {
         // eslint-disable-next-line no-await-in-loop
         await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 500));
-        const status = document.getElementById('gev-voice-status')?.textContent?.trim() || '';
-        if (status && status !== 'CONNECTING') break;
+        // The label is translated; the machine state is on the control.
+        const status = document.getElementById('gev-voice-control')?.dataset.status || '';
+        if (status && status !== 'connecting') break;
       }
       let diag = null;
       try { diag = vc.getDiagnostics?.(); } catch { /* not started */ }

scripts/qa-location-controls.mjs

@@ -84,6 +84,63 @@ try {
       () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager._activePoiIndex === 1,
     ),
   );
+  const geocoderRequests = [];
+  const recordGeocoderRequest = (request) => {
+    const url = new URL(request.url());
+    if (
+      url.pathname === '/api/geocode' ||
+      url.pathname === '/api/google/geocode' ||
+      (url.hostname === 'photon.komoot.io' && url.pathname === '/api/')
+    )
+      geocoderRequests.push(request.url());
+  };
+  page.on('request', recordGeocoderRequest);
+  await page.$eval('#location-search', (input) => {
+    input.value = 'geo:39.7392,-104.9903';
+    input.focus();
+  });
+  await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () => {
+      const state =
+        window.__godsEyeView.styleManager._locationLookup.getState();
+      return (
+        state.query === 'geo:39.7392,-104.9903' && state.status === 'found'
+      );
+    },
+    { timeout: 30000 },
+  );
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () => !window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera._currentFlight,
+    { timeout: 10000 },
+  );
+  check(
+    'native geo URI search shows the decimal coordinate readout',
+    await page.evaluate(() => {
+      const ui = window.__godsEyeView.styleManager;
+      return (
+        ui._searchedLocationLabel === '39.7392° N, 104.9903° W' &&
+        ui._locationMiniCity.textContent.includes('39.7392° N') &&
+        ui._locationMiniPoi.textContent === '104.9903° W'
+      );
+    }),
+  );
+  check(
+    'geo URI navigation settles near the requested coordinate',
+    await page.evaluate(() => {
+      const position = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.positionCartographic;
+      const degrees = 180 / Math.PI;
+      return (
+        Math.abs(position.latitude * degrees - 39.7392) < 0.05 &&
+        Math.abs(position.longitude * degrees + 104.9903) < 0.05
+      );
+    }),
+  );
+  check(
+    'geo URI search makes no geocoder request',
+    geocoderRequests.length === 0,
+  );
+  page.off('request', recordGeocoderRequest);
   await page.evaluate(() => {
     const lookup = window.__godsEyeView.styleManager._locationLookup;
     window.__qaSearchRequests = [];
@@ -96,6 +153,7 @@ try {
         window.__qaSearchRequests.push({ query, options, resolve }),
       );
     document.getElementById('location-search').value = 'First';
+    document.getElementById('location-search').focus();
   });
   await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
   await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__qaSearchRequests.length === 1);

scripts/qa-radio.mjs

@@ -167,6 +167,13 @@ async function main() {
     page.on('request', (request) => {
       const url = new URL(request.url());
 
+      // Radio QA uses keyless maps; an optional Google token is not offered.
+      if (request.method() === 'GET' && url.origin === APP_ORIGIN
+        && url.pathname === '/api/google/tiles-token') {
+        request.respond({ status: 200, contentType: 'application/json', body: '{}' });
+        return;
+      }
+
     // These scenarios exercise Context lifecycle and keyboard ownership, not
     // live orbit accuracy. Reuse the tracking suite's fixed element sets so
     // CelesTrak outages cannot invalidate an otherwise clean UI run.

scripts/qa-scene-dialog-file-drop.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+/**
+ * qa-scene-dialog-file-drop — the SHARE SCENE dialog's file control accepts a
+ * file dropped from the desktop, proved in a real browser.
+ *
+ * The dialog draws a translated row over the native file input
+ * (src/ui/sceneSharing.js, fileChooser). The input must still cover the row,
+ * or drops miss it. Drops a file on the row's centre via CDP and expects
+ * `input.files` to hold it.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   node scripts/qa-scene-dialog-file-drop.mjs
+ *
+ * Needs the repository's puppeteer (devDependencies). Exit status 0 when the
+ * drop selects the file, 1 otherwise.
+ */
+import http from 'node:http';
+import { mkdtemp, readFile, rm, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
+
+const ROOT = path.resolve(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), '..');
+const TYPES = {
+  '.js': 'text/javascript',
+  '.mjs': 'text/javascript',
+  '.json': 'application/json',
+  '.html': 'text/html',
+};
+
+const PAGE = `<!doctype html><html lang="en"><body>
+<script type="module">
+  import { createSceneDialog } from '/src/ui/sceneSharing.js';
+  window.openDialog = () => {
+    const dialog = createSceneDialog('Share selected scene', () => {});
+    const files = dialog.input('Choose data-pack files', '', { type: 'file' });
+    files.multiple = true;
+    window.filesInput = files;
+    // Centre of the visible row (the wrapper's last child).
+    const row = files.parentElement.lastElementChild;
+    const r = row.getBoundingClientRect();
+    return { x: r.x + r.width / 2, y: r.y + r.height / 2 };
+  };
+  window.ready = true;
+</script></body></html>`;
+
+async function dropOn(client, x, y, file) {
+  const data = { items: [], files: [file], dragOperationsMask: 1 };
+  for (const type of ['dragEnter', 'dragOver', 'drop']) {
+    await client.send('Input.dispatchDragEvent', { type, x, y, data });
+  }
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  const dir = await mkdtemp(path.join(tmpdir(), 'qa-scene-dialog-drop-'));
+  const pack = path.join(dir, 'pack.json');
+  await writeFile(pack, '{}');
+  const server = http.createServer(async (req, res) => {
+    if (req.url === '/') {
+      res.writeHead(200, { 'content-type': 'text/html' });
+      res.end(PAGE);
+      return;
+    }
+    try {
+      const body = await readFile(path.join(ROOT, req.url));
+      res.writeHead(200, {
+        'content-type': TYPES[path.extname(req.url)] || 'text/plain',
+      });
+      res.end(body);
+    } catch {
+      res.writeHead(404).end();
+    }
+  });
+  await new Promise((resolve) => server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', resolve));
+  const url = `http://127.0.0.1:${server.address().port}/`;
+  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ headless: true });
+  try {
+    const page = await browser.newPage();
+    await page.setViewport({ width: 1000, height: 800 });
+    const errors = [];
+    page.on('pageerror', (error) => errors.push(String(error)));
+    await page.goto(url);
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => window.ready === true);
+    const point = await page.evaluate(() => window.openDialog());
+    const client = await page.createCDPSession();
+    await dropOn(client, point.x, point.y, pack);
+    const names = await page.evaluate(() =>
+      [...window.filesInput.files].map((file) => file.name),
+    );
+    console.log(JSON.stringify({ names, errors }));
+    if (errors.length) throw new Error(`page errors: ${errors.join('; ')}`);
+    if (names.length !== 1 || names[0] !== 'pack.json') {
+      throw new Error(
+        `expected the dropped pack.json to be selected, got ${JSON.stringify(names)}`,
+      );
+    }
+    console.log('OK: a file dropped on the visible control is selected');
+  } finally {
+    await browser.close();
+    server.close();
+    await rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  }
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => {
+  console.error(error);
+  process.exitCode = 1;
+});

scripts/qa-street-level.mjs

@@ -1687,6 +1687,13 @@ async function main() {
       await step(
         'the header ON/OFF pill switches the layer off and on',
         async () => {
+          // Tiles requested while the credit painted can flip the pill back
+          // to LOADING, so let coverage settle before reading it.
+          await waitForCoverage(page);
+          await settle(
+            page,
+            () => document.getElementById('sl-status').textContent === 'ON',
+          );
           assert.equal(
             await page.$eval('#sl-status', (node) =>
               [

scripts/setup-doctor.mjs

@@ -76,10 +76,15 @@ export function hasRequiredDependencies(rootDir = ROOT) {
   }
 }
 
-/** Return the npm command and spawn mode required by the target platform. */
-export function npmProcessSpec(platform = process.platform) {
-  const windows = platform === 'win32';
-  return { command: windows ? 'npm.cmd' : 'npm', shell: windows };
+/**
+ * Return the npm command, arguments and spawn mode for the target platform.
+ * Windows must run npm.cmd through a shell, and Node 24 deprecates passing an
+ * argument array with `shell: true` (DEP0190), so there the arguments, which
+ * are fixed npm subcommands, join the command string.
+ */
+export function npmProcessSpec(args, platform = process.platform) {
+  if (platform !== 'win32') return { command: 'npm', args, shell: false };
+  return { command: ['npm.cmd', ...args].join(' '), args: [], shell: true };
 }
 
 /** Read one key from Vite's dotenv file ladder without depending on Vite. */
@@ -190,8 +195,8 @@ export function buildCapabilitySummary(
 
 export function inspectSetup({ includeKeychain = true, authoritativeEnvironment = false, rootDir = ROOT } = {}) {
   const node = classifyNodeVersion();
-  const npm = npmProcessSpec();
-  const npmResult = spawnSync(npm.command, ['--version'], {
+  const npm = npmProcessSpec(['--version']);
+  const npmResult = spawnSync(npm.command, npm.args, {
     encoding: 'utf8',
     shell: npm.shell,
   });

server/providers/cctv.js

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export { CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS, fetchCctvImageFromUpstream };
  *   GET /api/cctv/sources        — list all registered camera sources
  *   GET /api/cctv/health         — per-camera health/status report
  *   GET /api/cctv/stream/:id     — stream info (feedType, URLs) for a camera
- *   GET /api/cctv/media/:id      — proxy live video/image media from upstream
+ *   GET /api/cctv/media/:id      — proxy live video media from upstream
  *   GET /api/cctv/frame/:id      — single frame with fallback chain
  *
  * @returns {import('vite').Plugin}
@@ -164,6 +164,8 @@ export function cctvProxy({ sourceRoot = process.cwd() } = {}) {
               sourceKind:
                 source.sourceKind || (source.url ? 'configured' : 'fallback'),
               poseSource: source.poseSource,
+              model: source.model || '',
+              manufacturer: source.manufacturer || '',
               license: source.license,
               credit: source.credit || '',
               code: source.code || '',
@@ -214,6 +216,21 @@ export function cctvProxy({ sourceRoot = process.cwd() } = {}) {
           const source = sourceById.get(cameraId);
           const mediaUrl = source?.url || '';
           const feedType = normalizeFeedType(source?.feedType || 'image');
+          // Live feeds only. A still camera is served by /frame, whose fetch
+          // keeps redirects on the registered origin, accepts only image/* and
+          // caps the body; relaying it here would bypass all three.
+          if (!isVideoFeedType(feedType) && feedType !== 'mjpeg') {
+            res.writeHead(404, {
+              'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+              'Cache-Control': 'no-store',
+            });
+            res.end(
+              JSON.stringify({
+                error: 'No live media for this camera; use the frame endpoint',
+              }),
+            );
+            return;
+          }
           const leaseId = url.searchParams.get('lease');
           if (feedType === 'hls' && !/^[a-f0-9-]{36}$/i.test(leaseId || '')) {
             res.writeHead(400);

server/providers/cctv/catalog.js

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { DEFAULT_CCTV_SOURCE_FILE, CCTV_SOURCE_CACHE_MS } from './constants.js';
 import { allocateSourceCap, resolveCatalogCap } from './cap.js';
 import { loadGroundHeights, joinGroundHeights } from './groundHeights.js';
 import { cameraRegion, normalizeSourceItem } from './normalize.js';
+import { loadLithuaniaSources } from './lithuania.js';
 import {
   loadAustinSourcesFromOpenData,
   loadCaltransSourcesFromOpenData,
@@ -17,23 +18,30 @@ import {
   loadWarendorfSourcesFromCatalog,
   loadNswSourcesFromOpenData,
   loadCalgarySourcesFromOpenData,
+  loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData,
   loadDelDOTSourcesFromOpenData,
+  loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData,
+  loadWsdotSourcesFromOpenData,
   loadVegvesenSourcesFromOpenData,
   loadNycSourcesFromOpenData,
+  loadTorontoSourcesFromOpenData,
 } from './sources.js';
 
 /** Env kill switch: unset or anything but "0" means enabled. */
 const envEnabled = (name) => String(process.env[name] || '1').trim() !== '0';
 /** Env opt-in: only "1" enables. For packs whose feed access needs an
- * operator agreement, so an unset flag never reaches the upstream. */
+ * operator agreement or whose terms are unconfirmed, so an unset flag never
+ * reaches the upstream. */
 const envOptIn = (name) => String(process.env[name] || '').trim() === '1';
 
 /**
  * Live open-data packs, in merge order. Adding a region is one entry here
- * plus its loader in sources.js; the catalog cap is shared across entries
- * round-robin (cap.js), so a new pack never silently evicts an older one.
+ * plus its loader (in sources.js or its own module); the catalog cap is
+ * shared across entries round-robin (cap.js), so a new pack never silently
+ * evicts an older one.
  * Each pack fails independently (allSettled) and is gated by its own env
- * kill switch, or by an opt-in flag where access needs an agreement.
+ * kill switch, or by an opt-in flag where access needs an agreement or the
+ * terms are unconfirmed.
  */
 const LIVE_PACKS = [
   { name: 'austin', enabled: () => true, load: loadAustinSourcesFromOpenData },
@@ -92,11 +100,26 @@ const LIVE_PACKS = [
     enabled: () => envEnabled('CCTV_CALGARY_ENABLED'),
     load: loadCalgarySourcesFromOpenData,
   },
+  {
+    name: 'catalonia',
+    enabled: () => envEnabled('CCTV_CATALONIA_ENABLED'),
+    load: loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData,
+  },
   {
     name: 'deldot',
     enabled: () => envEnabled('CCTV_DELDOT_ENABLED'),
     load: loadDelDOTSourcesFromOpenData,
   },
+  {
+    name: 'kingcounty',
+    enabled: () => envEnabled('CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_ENABLED'),
+    load: loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData,
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'wsdot',
+    enabled: () => envEnabled('CCTV_WSDOT_ENABLED'),
+    load: loadWsdotSourcesFromOpenData,
+  },
   {
     name: 'vegvesen',
     enabled: () => envEnabled('CCTV_VEGVESEN_ENABLED'),
@@ -109,6 +132,18 @@ const LIVE_PACKS = [
     enabled: () => envOptIn('CCTV_NYC_ENABLED'),
     load: loadNycSourcesFromOpenData,
   },
+  {
+    name: 'toronto',
+    enabled: () => envEnabled('CCTV_TORONTO_ENABLED'),
+    load: loadTorontoSourcesFromOpenData,
+  },
+  {
+    // Opt-in until the Via Lietuva open-data terms are confirmed to cover the
+    // camera photos (see DATA_SOURCES.md).
+    name: 'lithuania',
+    enabled: () => envOptIn('CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED'),
+    load: loadLithuaniaSources,
+  },
 ];
 /**
  * Load CCTV sources from a local JSON file (CCTV_SOURCES_FILE env or default).

server/providers/cctv/constants.js

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ export const DEFAULT_AUSTIN_MAX_SOURCES = 250;
  * Catalog-wide safety ceiling on served cameras. Each pack already caps
  * itself (nearest-to-anchor first); this bound only matters when the packs
  * together exceed it, and it is then filled round-robin across packs (see
- * cap.js) so no region is silently dropped. Sized above the sum of the
- * default per-pack caps so a default install never trims.
+ * cap.js) so no region is silently dropped. The default per-pack caps
+ * together can exceed it, so a default install may be thinned evenly here.
  */
 export const DEFAULT_CCTV_MAX_SOURCES = 4000;
 /** Hard upper bound for CCTV_MAX_SOURCES; also sizes the health map. */
@@ -236,6 +236,56 @@ export const CALGARY_DOWNTOWN = { lat: 51.0461, lon: -114.0626 };
  * body cannot be buffered without limit. */
 export const CALGARY_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
 
+/**
+ * Catalonia traffic cameras (Servei Català de Trànsit): one keyless WFS/GML
+ * XML list (verified 2026-09-15, hourly catalog refresh), fetched over https
+ * (verified 2026-09-27: same 200 body, no redirect). The feed carries a
+ * `font` field naming the actual publisher per camera — SCT's own highway
+ * cameras plus hotlinked Barcelona (IMI) and Terrassa municipal cameras are
+ * kept, each confirmed to return a real frame. Frame URLs are checked
+ * against a host allowlist rather than one pinned origin, since each
+ * publisher serves from its own host.
+ */
+export const CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL =
+  'https://www.gencat.cat/transit/opendata/cameres.xml';
+/** Byte ceiling for the Catalonia catalog read (~90 KB observed 2026-09-27),
+ * so a runaway body cannot be buffered without limit. */
+export const CATALONIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES = 1024 * 1024;
+/** Allowed image hosts, one per kept `font` publisher in the feed, each
+ * mapped to the one directory its frame links live in (every link in the
+ * 2026-10 feed shares it); a link must name a single file directly inside. */
+export const CATALONIA_IMAGE_HOSTS = Object.freeze(
+  new Map([
+    ['mct.gencat.cat', '/mct2bo/'], // SCT
+    ['www.bcn.cat', '/transit/imatges/'], // IMI (Ajuntament de Barcelona)
+    ['emap.terrassa.cat', '/it_terrassa/'], // Ajuntament de Terrassa
+  ]),
+);
+/** SCT `sctidcam` values: a bare image filename, which also keys the camera
+ * id (the feed's `fid` embeds an upstream server-start stamp). */
+export const CATALONIA_SCT_CAMERA_FILE_RE = /^[a-z0-9]+\.(gif|jpe?g)$/i;
+/** Per-`font` partner credit, shown beside the provider in the CCTV panel
+ * (same pattern as DriveBC's partner-supplied cameras). SCT is the feed's
+ * own publisher and carries no separate credit. */
+export const CATALONIA_FONT_CREDIT = Object.freeze({
+  IMI: 'Ajuntament de Barcelona',
+  Terrassa: 'Ajuntament de Terrassa',
+});
+/** Ground-elevation priors in metres, by `font`: the feed carries no
+ * elevation, and this pack spans sea level (Barcelona) to Terrassa's plateau
+ * (~270 m). The client's ground snap corrects these on 3D-tile stacks. */
+export const CATALONIA_FONT_ELEVATION_M = Object.freeze({
+  SCT: 80,
+  IMI: 20,
+  Terrassa: 270,
+});
+export const DEFAULT_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES = 150;
+/** Prioritization anchors: Barcelona and Terrassa. */
+export const CATALONIA_ANCHORS = [
+  { lat: 41.3874, lon: 2.1686 }, // Barcelona
+  { lat: 41.5636, lon: 2.0111 }, // Terrassa
+];
+
 /** Statens vegvesen (Norway) road cameras: the keyless OGC API Features view
  * of the official DATEX 3.1 CCTV site table, one GeoJSON request for the whole
  * country (~900 cameras). The raw DATEX node needs an account; this view does
@@ -249,9 +299,9 @@ export const VEGVESEN_IMAGE_ORIGIN =
  * per-camera manifest path is registered. */
 export const VEGVESEN_VIDEO_URL = (cameraId) =>
   `https://kamera.vegvesen.no/public/${cameraId}/manifest.m3u8`;
-/** Above the ~850 working cameras so a default install keeps them all, while
- * staying close to them: the per-pack defaults are meant to sum to no more
- * than DEFAULT_CCTV_MAX_SOURCES. */
+/** Above the ~850 working cameras so the pack keeps them all on its own. The
+ * catalog-wide DEFAULT_CCTV_MAX_SOURCES cap still applies across packs and is
+ * filled round-robin, so a full default install may thin this pack. */
 export const DEFAULT_VEGVESEN_MAX_SOURCES = 900;
 /** Hard ceiling on the catalog body. The whole country is ~800 KB. */
 export const VEGVESEN_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
@@ -305,6 +355,83 @@ export const DELDOT_ANCHORS = [
   { lat: 39.1582, lon: -75.5244 }, // Dover (Kent)
   { lat: 38.6906, lon: -75.3877 }, // Georgetown (Sussex)
 ];
+
+/** King County, WA road cameras: keyless public ArcGIS FeatureServer layer
+ * ("King County and WSDOT Traffic Cameras", King County DOT Road Services).
+ * GeoJSON with WGS84 point geometry. `outFields` is an explicit list on
+ * purpose: the layer also carries asset-administration columns (including
+ * staff names in `ModifiedBy`) that must never be fetched. Uniquely among the
+ * packs, the county publishes each camera's hardware `Manufacturer`/`Model`
+ * (Cohu 3950/3965, Bosch AUTODOME, Axis Q6135-LE, …), carried through as the
+ * source's `model`. */
+export const KING_COUNTY_CAMERAS_URL =
+  'https://services.arcgis.com/Ej0PsM5Aw677QF1W/arcgis/rest/services/TRAFFICCAMERA_POINT_2029/FeatureServer/0/query?where=1%3D1&outFields=AssetID,Location,ImageURL,Live,Model,Manufacturer,Owner,CurrentStatus&f=geojson';
+/** Frames come only from the county's own image handler host. */
+export const KING_COUNTY_IMAGE_ORIGIN = 'https://info.kingcounty.gov/';
+/** The whole catalog is ~125 rows (~59 live county cameras); no thinning by
+ * default. */
+export const DEFAULT_KING_COUNTY_MAX_SOURCES = 125;
+/** Prioritization anchor: Renton, roughly central to the county road network. */
+export const KING_COUNTY_ANCHORS = [{ lat: 47.4829, lon: -122.2171 }];
+/** Hard ceiling on the King County catalog body. The whole layer is ~125 rows
+ * and well under 100 KB; this only exists so an upstream that streams an
+ * unbounded body cannot be buffered without limit. */
+export const KING_COUNTY_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES = 1024 * 1024;
+/**
+ * City of Toronto RESCU traffic cameras: the municipal network the province's
+ * 511 pack does not cover — downtown arterials plus the Gardiner, DVP, Allen
+ * and Lake Shore. One keyless list for the whole city (~336 cameras), from the
+ * City's open data portal. It is fetched on every catalog refresh, but the
+ * upstream file is not updated often and may lag the live camera network.
+ *
+ * The list is served as JSONP (`jsonTMCEarthCamerasCallback({...})`); the
+ * portal publishes the same data as .xml and .csv beside it.
+ */
+export const TORONTO_RESCU_LIST_URL =
+  'https://opendata.toronto.ca/transportation/tmc/rescucameraimages/Data/tmcearthcameras.json';
+/**
+ * The only origin Toronto camera frames may come from. The list carries no URL
+ * field: frame URLs are BUILT from this origin and a strictly-digits camera
+ * number (`loc####.jpg`, the convention the dataset documents), so no upstream
+ * field can steer the frame proxy off-host.
+ */
+export const TORONTO_RESCU_IMAGE_ORIGIN =
+  'https://opendata.toronto.ca/transportation/tmc/rescucameraimages/CameraImages/';
+/** The whole city fits under this; the cap exists to stay tunable, not to trim. */
+export const DEFAULT_TORONTO_MAX_SOURCES = 336;
+/** Yonge / Queen: the prioritization anchor. */
+export const TORONTO_DOWNTOWN = { lat: 43.6532, lon: -79.3832 };
+/** The city climbs from 76 m at the lake to 209 m at Steeles, so no single
+ * number fits: this is the mean across the 336 camera sites. The ground-height
+ * sidecar has no Toronto entries yet, so this prior seeds placement; a camera
+ * that gains a sidecar entry uses it instead, and the client's ground snap
+ * corrects the prior wherever 3D tiles are loaded. */
+export const TORONTO_GROUND_ELEVATION_M = 116;
+/** Hard ceiling on the RESCU list body. The whole city is ~336 rows and under
+ * 60 KB; this only exists so an upstream that streams an unbounded body cannot
+ * be buffered without limit. */
+export const TORONTO_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+/** WSDOT Travel Center cameras (Washington State): keyless Esri JSON on the
+ * official open-data host — ~1,700 point features in EPSG:3857 (Web Mercator),
+ * ETag/Last-Modified served. WSDOT's metadata marks the feed "low volume" use;
+ * the catalog is fetched once per CCTV_SOURCE_CACHE_MS refresh. */
+export const WSDOT_CAMERAS_URL =
+  'https://data.wsdot.wa.gov/travelcenter/Cameras.json';
+/** Only frames on WSDOT's own image host are registered; the catalog also
+ * lists ~70 partner cameras (Oregon DOT, City of Seattle, lodges, airports)
+ * whose own terms apply. */
+export const WSDOT_IMAGE_ORIGIN = 'https://images.wsdot.wa.gov/';
+export const DEFAULT_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES = 250;
+/** Hard ceiling on the WSDOT catalog body. The live layer is ~400 KB; this
+ * only exists so an upstream that streams an unbounded body cannot be
+ * buffered without limit. */
+export const WSDOT_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+/** Prioritization anchors: downtown Seattle and Spokane. */
+export const WSDOT_ANCHORS = [
+  { lat: 47.6062, lon: -122.3321 }, // Seattle
+  { lat: 47.6588, lon: -117.426 }, // Spokane
+];
+
 /** Camera CATALOGS change rarely; 15 min keeps multi-megabyte upstream list refetches (Austin rows.json + 4 Caltrans districts + TfL + Ontario 511) infrequent. Frames are fetched per-request and are unaffected. */
 export const CCTV_SOURCE_CACHE_MS = 15 * 60 * 1000;
 /** Per-provider catalog-fetch timeout. Bounds the worst-case refresh so one

server/providers/cctv/lithuania.js

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import { CCTV_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS } from './constants.js';
+import {
+  cameraDisplayCode,
+  fallbackHeadingFromId,
+  prioritizeSources,
+} from './normalize.js';
+import { readResponseJsonCapped } from '../common/http.js';
+
+const BASE = 'https://eismoinfo.lt/eismoinfo-backend';
+export const LITHUANIA_CAMERAS_URL = `${BASE}/camera-info-table`;
+// Without lks=true this endpoint returns [latitude, longitude]. The camera
+// table's x/y fields use LKS-94 metres and must never be treated as degrees.
+export const LITHUANIA_LOCATIONS_URL = `${BASE}/layer-static-features/VKR`;
+export const LITHUANIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+const FRAME_PATH = '/eismoinfo-backend/image-provider/camera/last';
+const ANCHORS = [
+  { lat: 54.6872, lon: 25.2797 }, // Vilnius
+  { lat: 54.8985, lon: 23.9036 }, // Kaunas
+  { lat: 55.7033, lon: 21.1443 }, // Klaipeda
+  { lat: 55.9349, lon: 23.3137 }, // Siauliai
+  { lat: 55.7348, lon: 24.3575 }, // Panevezys
+];
+
+/** Join public catalogs by ID; register only the official still endpoint. */
+export function lithuaniaCameraToSource(row, feature) {
+  const id = String(row?.id ?? '');
+  if (!/^[1-9]\d{0,8}$/.test(id) || String(feature?.id) !== id) return null;
+  const point = feature?.points?.[0]?.point;
+  if (!Array.isArray(point) || point.length !== 2) return null;
+  const [lat, lon] = point;
+  if (
+    !Number.isFinite(lat) ||
+    !Number.isFinite(lon) ||
+    lat < 53.8 ||
+    lat > 56.5 ||
+    lon < 20.8 ||
+    lon > 26.9
+  )
+    return null;
+  try {
+    const url = new URL(row.image);
+    if (
+      url.origin !== 'https://eismoinfo.lt' ||
+      url.username ||
+      url.password ||
+      url.pathname !== FRAME_PATH ||
+      url.searchParams.get('id') !== id
+    )
+      return null;
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+  // Reconstruct so extra query parameters cannot alter the request.
+  const imageUrl = `https://eismoinfo.lt${FRAME_PATH}?id=${id}`;
+  const cameraId = `lithuania-${id}`;
+  const name = String(row.name || feature.name || `Lietuva ${id}`)
+    .trim()
+    .slice(0, 160);
+  return {
+    id: cameraId,
+    name,
+    city: 'Lithuania / Lietuva',
+    cityId: 'lithuania',
+    provider: 'Via Lietuva / Eismoinfo',
+    lat,
+    lon,
+    // No calibrated pose is published; use the app's low-confidence prior.
+    headingDeg: fallbackHeadingFromId(cameraId),
+    headingConfidence: 'low',
+    pitchDeg: -18,
+    fovDeg: 44,
+    rangeM: 145,
+    mountHeightM: 8,
+    feedType: 'image',
+    url: imageUrl,
+    snapshotUrl: imageUrl,
+    sourceKind: 'eismoinfo-public',
+    credit:
+      'Via Lietuva / eismoinfo.lt — periodically updated road-camera stills',
+    code: cameraDisplayCode(name.toUpperCase()),
+  };
+}
+
+async function readCatalog(url, sibling) {
+  const signal = AbortSignal.any([
+    AbortSignal.timeout(CCTV_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS),
+    sibling.signal,
+  ]);
+  try {
+    const response = await fetch(url, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/json' },
+      redirect: 'manual',
+      signal,
+    });
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      await response.body?.cancel().catch(() => {});
+      throw new Error(
+        response.status >= 300 && response.status < 400
+          ? 'catalog redirected; redirects are not followed'
+          : `Catalog HTTP ${response.status}`,
+      );
+    }
+    return await readResponseJsonCapped(
+      response,
+      LITHUANIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+      signal,
+    );
+  } catch (error) {
+    // The join needs both catalogs; release the other request at once
+    // rather than leaving its body open until the timeout.
+    sibling.abort();
+    throw error;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Two bounded requests per shared catalog refresh, no API key required. */
+export async function loadLithuaniaSources() {
+  try {
+    const sibling = new AbortController();
+    const [rows, layers] = await Promise.all([
+      readCatalog(LITHUANIA_CAMERAS_URL, sibling),
+      readCatalog(LITHUANIA_LOCATIONS_URL, sibling),
+    ]);
+    if (!Array.isArray(rows) || !Array.isArray(layers)) return [];
+    const features = layers.find((layer) => layer?.layer === 'VKR')?.features;
+    if (!Array.isArray(features)) return [];
+    const locations = new Map(
+      features.filter(Boolean).map((feature) => [String(feature.id), feature]),
+    );
+    const cameras = new Map();
+    for (const row of rows) {
+      const camera = lithuaniaCameraToSource(
+        row,
+        locations.get(String(row?.id)),
+      );
+      if (camera && !cameras.has(camera.id)) cameras.set(camera.id, camera);
+    }
+    const rawCap = Number(process.env.CCTV_LITHUANIA_MAX_SOURCES || 400);
+    const cap = Number.isFinite(rawCap)
+      ? Math.max(1, Math.min(1000, Math.floor(rawCap)))
+      : 400;
+    const sources = prioritizeSources([...cameras.values()], cap, ANCHORS);
+    console.log(
+      `[CCTV] Loaded Lithuania camera sources: ${cameras.size} (using ${sources.length})`,
+    );
+    return sources;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn(
+      '[CCTV] Lithuania camera download error:',
+      error?.message || error,
+    );
+    return [];
+  }
+}

server/providers/cctv/normalize.js

@@ -39,11 +39,21 @@ export function escapeXml(text) {
 /**
  * Coerce a value to a finite number, returning fallback if NaN/Infinity.
  *
+ * Absent, blank and boolean values take the fallback too: `Number` reads
+ * null, '' and false as 0, which would turn a missing coordinate, heading or
+ * elevation into a real zero.
+ *
  * @param {*} value
  * @param {number} [fallback=NaN]
  * @returns {number}
  */
 export function toFiniteNumber(value, fallback = NaN) {
+  if (
+    value == null ||
+    typeof value === 'boolean' ||
+    (typeof value === 'string' && !value.trim())
+  )
+    return fallback;
   const num = Number(value);
   return Number.isFinite(num) ? num : fallback;
 }
@@ -394,6 +404,44 @@ export function isLikelyFinlandCoordinate(lat, lon) {
   return lat >= 59.5 && lat <= 70.5 && lon >= 19 && lon <= 32;
 }
 
+/** Catalonia bounding box (mainland is roughly 40.5..42.9 N, 0.15..3.4 E). */
+export function isLikelyCataloniaCoordinate(lat, lon) {
+  return (
+    isPlausibleLatLon(lat, lon) &&
+    lat >= 40.3 &&
+    lat <= 42.9 &&
+    lon >= 0.0 &&
+    lon <= 3.4
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decode numeric HTML character references, decimal ("&#237;") and hex
+ * ("&#xED;") alike, the entity form the Catalonia feed uses for accented
+ * place names, plus the handful of named entities XML/HTML text commonly
+ * carries. A reference that names no valid character (NUL, a surrogate, or
+ * anything past U+10FFFF) is left as written rather than thrown on, so one
+ * bad field cannot fail a whole catalog.
+ *
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+export function decodeNumericEntities(text) {
+  return String(text || '')
+    .replace(/&#(?:x([0-9a-f]+)|(\d+));/gi, (match, hex, dec) => {
+      const code = hex ? Number.parseInt(hex, 16) : Number(dec);
+      const valid =
+        code > 0 && code <= 0x10ffff && (code < 0xd800 || code > 0xdfff);
+      return valid ? String.fromCodePoint(code) : match;
+    })
+    .replace(/&amp;/g, '&')
+    .replace(/&quot;/g, '"')
+    .replace(/&#39;/g, "'")
+    .replace(/&lt;/g, '<')
+    .replace(/&gt;/g, '>')
+    .trim();
+}
+
 /**
  * Human label for one Fintraffic preset (camera view).
  *
@@ -562,5 +610,30 @@ export function normalizeSourceItem(item) {
     // badge can distinguish them from raw automated priors (e.g. Austin Open
     // Data, which never sets this field). Passed through as-is to the client.
     poseSource: item.poseSource === 'curated' ? 'curated' : undefined,
+    // Optional hardware-model passthrough (additive, like poseSource): packs
+    // whose catalog publishes the camera's hardware model — King County's
+    // layer carries Manufacturer/Model per camera — pass it through so
+    // identified-hardware consumers can use it. Absent everywhere else.
+    model:
+      typeof item.model === 'string' && item.model.trim()
+        ? item.model.trim()
+        : undefined,
+    // Bare model strings collide across vendors (e.g. "3950"), so the
+    // publishing pack's manufacturer rides along for disambiguation.
+    manufacturer:
+      typeof item.manufacturer === 'string' && item.manufacturer.trim()
+        ? item.manufacturer.trim()
+        : undefined,
   };
 }
+
+/** City of Toronto bounding box (Steeles to the lake, Etobicoke to Scarborough). */
+export function isLikelyTorontoCoordinate(lat, lon) {
+  return (
+    isPlausibleLatLon(lat, lon) &&
+    lat >= 43.55 &&
+    lat <= 43.9 &&
+    lon >= -79.7 &&
+    lon <= -79.1
+  );
+}

server/providers/cctv/sources.js

@@ -55,10 +55,34 @@ import {
   DEFAULT_CALGARY_MAX_SOURCES,
   CALGARY_DOWNTOWN,
   CALGARY_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+  CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL,
+  CATALONIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+  CATALONIA_IMAGE_HOSTS,
+  CATALONIA_SCT_CAMERA_FILE_RE,
+  CATALONIA_FONT_CREDIT,
+  CATALONIA_FONT_ELEVATION_M,
+  DEFAULT_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES,
+  CATALONIA_ANCHORS,
+  TORONTO_RESCU_LIST_URL,
+  TORONTO_RESCU_IMAGE_ORIGIN,
+  DEFAULT_TORONTO_MAX_SOURCES,
+  TORONTO_DOWNTOWN,
+  TORONTO_GROUND_ELEVATION_M,
+  TORONTO_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
   CCTV_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
   DELDOT_CCTV_URL,
   DEFAULT_DELDOT_MAX_SOURCES,
   DELDOT_ANCHORS,
+  KING_COUNTY_CAMERAS_URL,
+  KING_COUNTY_IMAGE_ORIGIN,
+  DEFAULT_KING_COUNTY_MAX_SOURCES,
+  KING_COUNTY_ANCHORS,
+  KING_COUNTY_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+  WSDOT_CAMERAS_URL,
+  WSDOT_IMAGE_ORIGIN,
+  DEFAULT_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES,
+  WSDOT_ANCHORS,
+  WSDOT_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
   DEFAULT_VEGVESEN_CCTV_URL,
   VEGVESEN_IMAGE_ORIGIN,
   VEGVESEN_VIDEO_URL,
@@ -89,14 +113,21 @@ import {
   isLikelyTexasCoordinate,
   isLikelyNswCoordinate,
   isLikelyCalgaryCoordinate,
+  isLikelyCataloniaCoordinate,
+  decodeNumericEntities,
   isLikelyNycCoordinate,
   isLikelyNorwayCoordinate,
+  isLikelyTorontoCoordinate,
   cameraDisplayCode,
   rowArrayToObject,
   prioritizeSources,
 } from './normalize.js';
 import { directionToHeading } from '../../../src/data/directionText.js';
-import { readResponseJsonCapped } from '../common/http.js';
+import {
+  readResponseBytesCapped,
+  readResponseJsonCapped,
+  readResponseTextCapped,
+} from '../common/http.js';
 /**
  * Fetch and parse Austin traffic camera records from the city Open Data portal.
  *
@@ -1613,6 +1644,261 @@ export async function loadCalgarySourcesFromOpenData() {
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Parse the Catalonia (`cameres.xml`) WFS/GML feed into raw feature records.
+ * Regex-based rather than a full XML parser — the feed is small (~160
+ * features) and this avoids a new dependency for one field set per feature.
+ *
+ * @param {string} xml
+ * @returns {Array<{fid:string, lat:number, lon:number, carretera:string, municipi:string, pk:string, link:string, font:string}>}
+ */
+export function parseCataloniaXml(xml) {
+  const out = [];
+  const blockRe = /<gml:featureMember>([\s\S]*?)<\/gml:featureMember>/g;
+  const tag = (block, name) => {
+    const match = new RegExp(`<cite:${name}>([^<]*)<\\/cite:${name}>`).exec(
+      block,
+    );
+    return match ? decodeNumericEntities(match[1]) : '';
+  };
+  let match;
+  while ((match = blockRe.exec(String(xml || ''))) !== null) {
+    const block = match[1];
+    const fidMatch = /<cite:cameres\s+fid="([^"]+)"/.exec(block);
+    const coordsMatch = /<gml:coordinates[^>]*>([^<]+)<\/gml:coordinates>/.exec(
+      block,
+    );
+    if (!fidMatch || !coordsMatch) continue;
+    const [lonRaw, latRaw] = coordsMatch[1].split(',');
+    out.push({
+      fid: fidMatch[1],
+      lon: toFiniteNumber(lonRaw),
+      lat: toFiniteNumber(latRaw),
+      carretera: tag(block, 'carretera'),
+      municipi: tag(block, 'municipi'),
+      pk: tag(block, 'pk'),
+      link: tag(block, 'link'),
+      font: tag(block, 'font'),
+    });
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate and normalize one Catalonia feed `link` against the publisher
+ * host allowlist (CATALONIA_IMAGE_HOSTS), upgrading to https. Rejects
+ * anything else, including a host that merely resembles an allowed one, any
+ * URL carrying userinfo (`https://user:[email protected]/...`) or an explicit
+ * port — the hostname check alone would pass either, letting catalog data
+ * inject credentials or steer the server-side frame request to another
+ * service on that host — and any path outside the host's frame directory.
+ *
+ * SCT's own `RenderService` frame link is a special case, for two stacked
+ * reasons (both verified 2026-09-15):
+ *  1. It always 302s to `TransitCamera`, on a Location the upstream
+ *     hardcodes as plain http even when RenderService itself was requested
+ *     over https. fetchWithinHost (media.js) only follows same-origin
+ *     redirects — same scheme included, by design, to stop an upstream
+ *     steering a host-pinned request into a plaintext downgrade — so that
+ *     hop is refused and the camera would render as a placeholder.
+ *  2. mct.gencat.cat's TLS setup itself does not complete a handshake with
+ *     Node's fetch/OpenSSL (`ERR_SSL_WRONG_SIGNATURE_TYPE`) even though it
+ *     is reachable over https from other clients (e.g. curl) — an upstream
+ *     server misconfiguration this proxy cannot route around.
+ * TransitCamera answers the frame directly over **http**, no redirect, and
+ * that is the only transport this host actually serves to this runtime — so
+ * this builds that URL itself from RenderService's `sctidcam` id instead of
+ * registering the (https, then-redirecting) RenderService link. The
+ * `sctidcam` id must be a bare image filename (CATALONIA_SCT_CAMERA_FILE_RE).
+ *
+ * @param {string} rawUrl
+ * @returns {string} Normalized URL, or '' if not accepted.
+ */
+export function normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(rawUrl) {
+  let parsed;
+  try {
+    parsed = new URL(String(rawUrl || '').trim());
+  } catch {
+    return '';
+  }
+  if (parsed.protocol !== 'http:' && parsed.protocol !== 'https:') return '';
+  if (parsed.username || parsed.password || parsed.port) return '';
+  const dir = CATALONIA_IMAGE_HOSTS.get(parsed.hostname);
+  if (!dir || !parsed.pathname.startsWith(dir)) return '';
+  const file = parsed.pathname.slice(dir.length);
+  if (!file || file.includes('/')) return '';
+
+  if (parsed.hostname === 'mct.gencat.cat') {
+    const camId = parsed.searchParams.get('sctidcam');
+    if (file !== 'RenderService') return '';
+    if (!camId || !CATALONIA_SCT_CAMERA_FILE_RE.test(camId)) return '';
+    const direct = new URL('http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/TransitCamera');
+    direct.searchParams.set('nom', camId);
+    direct.searchParams.set('visualitzacio', 'imatge');
+    return direct.toString();
+  }
+
+  parsed.protocol = 'https:';
+  return parsed.toString();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Stable camera id for one normalized Catalonia frame URL (the output of
+ * normalizeCataloniaImageUrl). The feed's `fid` is not used: it embeds an
+ * upstream server-start stamp and changes on every upstream restart. SCT
+ * cameras key on the `sctidcam` filename stem (`cat-sct-nc87`), partner
+ * cameras on the frame host and path (`cat-www-bcn-cat-transit-imatges-…`).
+ *
+ * @param {string} imageUrl - A URL normalizeCataloniaImageUrl accepted.
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+export function cataloniaCameraId(imageUrl) {
+  const parsed = new URL(imageUrl);
+  const slug = (text) =>
+    text
+      .toLowerCase()
+      .replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, '-')
+      .replace(/^-+|-+$/g, '');
+  if (parsed.hostname === 'mct.gencat.cat') {
+    const file = parsed.searchParams.get('nom') || '';
+    return `cat-sct-${slug(file.replace(/\.[^.]*$/, ''))}`;
+  }
+  return `cat-${slug(parsed.hostname)}-${slug(parsed.pathname)}`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Human label for one Catalonia camera: "<road/place> (<municipality>)",
+ * skipping the parenthetical when the municipality is already named in the
+ * road/place text or when one half is missing.
+ *
+ * @param {string} carretera
+ * @param {string} municipi
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+export function cataloniaCameraName(carretera, municipi) {
+  const road = String(carretera || '').trim();
+  const city = String(municipi || '').trim();
+  if (road && city) {
+    return road.toLowerCase().includes(city.toLowerCase())
+      ? road
+      : `${road} (${city})`;
+  }
+  return road || city || 'Càmera de trànsit';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetch Catalonia traffic cameras (Servei Català de Trànsit), keyless: one
+ * WFS/GML XML list. The feed carries a `font` field naming the real
+ * publisher per camera; only SCT's own highway cameras and the hotlinked
+ * Barcelona (IMI) and Terrassa municipal cameras are kept — the publishers
+ * whose frame links were confirmed to serve images. Frame URLs are checked
+ * against a host allowlist (CATALONIA_IMAGE_HOSTS), so a row from any other
+ * publisher is dropped. The feed carries no camera status, so a camera its
+ * publisher has taken offline still registers and serves that publisher's
+ * own "image unavailable" still.
+ * Each non-SCT camera carries its publisher as a `credit` alongside the
+ * shared `provider`. The feed carries no heading, so every camera takes the
+ * id-hash fallback, low-confidence pose (same as TfL and Fintraffic).
+ *
+ * Ids come from the validated frame URL (cataloniaCameraId), not the feed's
+ * restart-dependent `fid`, and rows sharing one are collapsed before the cap
+ * (the live feed repeats a few SCT cameras).
+ *
+ * The list decides ids, coordinates, labels and which allowlisted frame path
+ * is proxied, so it is fetched over https, redirects are refused (the list
+ * host cannot be steered or downgraded) and the body read is capped at
+ * CATALONIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<Array<object>>} Normalized camera source objects.
+ */
+export async function loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData() {
+  try {
+    const resp = await fetch(CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/xml,text/xml,*/*' },
+      redirect: 'manual',
+      signal: AbortSignal.timeout(CCTV_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS),
+    });
+    // A response this loader will not read still owns its transport until the
+    // body is released, so every rejection path cancels before returning.
+    const discard = async () => {
+      try {
+        await resp.body?.cancel();
+      } catch {
+        /* no-op */
+      }
+      return [];
+    };
+    if (resp.status >= 300 && resp.status < 400) {
+      console.warn(
+        '[CCTV] Catalonia catalog redirected; redirects are not followed',
+      );
+      return discard();
+    }
+    if (!resp.ok) {
+      console.warn('[CCTV] Catalonia camera download failed:', resp.status);
+      return discard();
+    }
+    const xml = await readResponseTextCapped(resp, CATALONIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES);
+    const rows = parseCataloniaXml(xml);
+    if (!rows.length) return [];
+
+    const cameras = [];
+    for (const row of rows) {
+      if (!isLikelyCataloniaCoordinate(row.lat, row.lon)) continue;
+      const imageUrl = normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(row.link);
+      if (!imageUrl) continue;
+
+      const font = row.font.trim();
+      const cameraId = cataloniaCameraId(imageUrl);
+
+      cameras.push({
+        id: cameraId,
+        name: cataloniaCameraName(row.carretera, row.municipi),
+        city: row.municipi.trim() || 'Catalunya',
+        cityId: 'catalunya',
+        provider: 'Servei Català de Trànsit',
+        lat: row.lat,
+        lon: row.lon,
+        headingDeg: fallbackHeadingFromId(cameraId),
+        headingConfidence: 'low',
+        pitchDeg: -18,
+        fovDeg: 44,
+        rangeM: 145,
+        mountHeightM: 8,
+        groundElevationM: CATALONIA_FONT_ELEVATION_M[font] ?? 80,
+        feedType: 'image',
+        url: imageUrl,
+        snapshotUrl: imageUrl,
+        sourceKind: 'catalonia-open-data',
+        license:
+          "Generalitat de Catalunya — Llicència oberta d'ús d'informació",
+        credit: CATALONIA_FONT_CREDIT[font] || '',
+      });
+    }
+
+    const unique = Array.from(
+      new Map(cameras.map((camera) => [camera.id, camera])).values(),
+    );
+    const maxRaw = Number(
+      process.env.CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES || DEFAULT_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES,
+    );
+    const maxCount = Number.isFinite(maxRaw)
+      ? Math.max(8, Math.min(600, Math.floor(maxRaw)))
+      : DEFAULT_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES;
+    const prioritized = prioritizeSources(unique, maxCount, CATALONIA_ANCHORS);
+    console.log(
+      `[CCTV] Loaded Catalonia camera sources: ${unique.length} (using nearest ${prioritized.length})`,
+    );
+    return prioritized;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn(
+      '[CCTV] Catalonia camera download error:',
+      error?.message || error,
+    );
+    return [];
+  }
+}
+
 export async function loadDelDOTSourcesFromOpenData() {
   try {
     const resp = await fetch(DELDOT_CCTV_URL, {
@@ -1717,6 +2003,319 @@ export async function loadDelDOTSourcesFromOpenData() {
   }
 }
 
+/** Rough King County, WA bounding box. */
+function isLikelyKingCountyCoordinate(lat, lon) {
+  return (
+    Number.isFinite(lat) &&
+    Number.isFinite(lon) &&
+    lat >= 47.0 &&
+    lat <= 48.0 &&
+    lon >= -123.1 &&
+    lon <= -121.0
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * A King County `Model` value, whitespace-collapsed, or '' when it is a
+ * vendor-generic string ("PTZ", "PTZ IP", "BOSCH/PTZ") that names no model.
+ */
+function kingCountyModel(raw) {
+  const model = String(raw || '')
+    .replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
+    .trim();
+  return /^(?:[a-z]+\/)?ptz(?: ip)?$/i.test(model) ? '' : model;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetch King County road cameras (Washington State). Keyless: one public
+ * ArcGIS FeatureServer GeoJSON query (King County DOT Road Services), with an
+ * explicit `outFields` list so the layer's asset-administration columns are
+ * never fetched. Only cameras that are live and active (`Live`,
+ * `CurrentStatus`) with a positive integer id, finite in-county coordinates,
+ * and a frame on the county's own image handler are kept. WSDOT-owned rows in
+ * the layer are skipped because their frames are WSDOT-hosted, outside the
+ * pinned image origin, while partner-city cameras hosted on the county image
+ * handler (e.g. Newcastle) name their owner as the per-camera credit,
+ * DriveBC-style. The layer publishes no facing, so every heading is the id
+ * hash at low confidence.
+ *
+ * Uniquely among the packs, the county publishes each camera's hardware
+ * `Manufacturer`/`Model`; the model string (whitespace-collapsed — the feed
+ * carries stray newlines) rides along as the source's `model` for
+ * identified-hardware consumers. Vendor-generic strings ("PTZ", "PTZ IP",
+ * "BOSCH/PTZ") name no model and are treated as absent.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<Array<object>>} Normalized camera source objects.
+ */
+export async function loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData() {
+  try {
+    const resp = await fetch(KING_COUNTY_CAMERAS_URL, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/json' },
+      redirect: 'manual',
+      signal: AbortSignal.timeout(CCTV_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS),
+    });
+    // A response this loader will not read still owns its transport until the
+    // body is released, so every rejection path cancels before returning.
+    const discard = async () => {
+      try {
+        await resp.body?.cancel();
+      } catch {
+        /* no-op */
+      }
+      return [];
+    };
+    if (resp.status >= 300 && resp.status < 400) {
+      console.warn(
+        '[CCTV] King County catalog redirected; redirects are not followed',
+      );
+      return discard();
+    }
+    if (!resp.ok) {
+      console.warn('[CCTV] King County camera download failed:', resp.status);
+      return discard();
+    }
+    const payload = await readResponseJsonCapped(
+      resp,
+      KING_COUNTY_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+    );
+    const rows = Array.isArray(payload?.features) ? payload.features : [];
+
+    const cameras = [];
+    const seen = new Set();
+    for (const row of rows) {
+      const attrs = row?.properties;
+      const rawId = attrs?.AssetID;
+      if (!Number.isSafeInteger(rawId) || rawId <= 0) continue;
+      if (attrs.Live !== 1) continue;
+      if (String(attrs.CurrentStatus || '').trim() !== 'Active') continue;
+      const owner = String(attrs.Owner || '').trim();
+      // WSDOT-owned rows serve WSDOT-hosted frames, outside the pinned
+      // county image origin, so they are skipped.
+      if (owner === 'WSDOT') continue;
+      // The handler is served over HTTPS; the feed still writes http://.
+      const imageUrl = String(attrs.ImageURL || '')
+        .trim()
+        .replace(/^http:\/\/info\.kingcounty\.gov\//, KING_COUNTY_IMAGE_ORIGIN);
+      if (!imageUrl.startsWith(KING_COUNTY_IMAGE_ORIGIN)) continue;
+      const [lon, lat] = Array.isArray(row?.geometry?.coordinates)
+        ? row.geometry.coordinates
+        : [];
+      if (!isLikelyKingCountyCoordinate(lat, lon)) continue;
+
+      const cameraId = `kingcounty-${rawId}`;
+      if (seen.has(cameraId)) continue;
+      seen.add(cameraId);
+      const model = kingCountyModel(attrs.Model);
+      const manufacturer = String(attrs.Manufacturer || '')
+        .replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
+        .trim();
+      const camera = {
+        id: cameraId,
+        name:
+          String(attrs.Location || '').trim() || `King County camera ${rawId}`,
+        city: 'King County',
+        cityId: 'king-county',
+        provider: 'King County Road Services',
+        lat,
+        lon,
+        headingDeg: fallbackHeadingFromId(cameraId),
+        headingConfidence: 'low',
+        // The low-confidence pose personality shared by the other packs.
+        pitchDeg: -18,
+        fovDeg: 44,
+        rangeM: 145,
+        mountHeightM: 8,
+        feedType: 'image',
+        url: imageUrl,
+        snapshotUrl: imageUrl,
+        sourceKind: 'kingcounty-open-data',
+        license: 'King County GIS open data (KCGIS Center terms of use)',
+        credit: owner && owner !== 'King County' ? owner : '',
+      };
+      if (model) camera.model = model;
+      if (model && manufacturer) camera.manufacturer = manufacturer;
+      cameras.push(camera);
+    }
+
+    const maxRaw = Number(
+      process.env.CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES ||
+        DEFAULT_KING_COUNTY_MAX_SOURCES,
+    );
+    const maxCount = Number.isFinite(maxRaw)
+      ? Math.max(8, Math.min(1200, Math.floor(maxRaw)))
+      : DEFAULT_KING_COUNTY_MAX_SOURCES;
+    const prioritized = prioritizeSources(
+      cameras,
+      maxCount,
+      KING_COUNTY_ANCHORS,
+    );
+    console.log(
+      `[CCTV] Loaded King County camera sources: ${cameras.length} published (using nearest ${prioritized.length})`,
+    );
+    return prioritized;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn(
+      '[CCTV] King County camera download error:',
+      error?.message || error,
+    );
+    return [];
+  }
+}
+
+/** WSDOT `CompassDirection` codes as headings in degrees. The live feed sends
+ * single cardinals (N/E/S/W), `B` (both directions — most rows), `O`, and
+ * null; the diagonals are mapped in case they appear. `B`, `O`, null, and any
+ * other code carry no single facing and fall through to the id hash. */
+const WSDOT_COMPASS_HEADINGS = Object.freeze({
+  N: 0,
+  NE: 45,
+  E: 90,
+  SE: 135,
+  S: 180,
+  SW: 225,
+  W: 270,
+  NW: 315,
+});
+
+/**
+ * Converts an EPSG:3857 (Web Mercator) coordinate pair to WGS84 degrees.
+ * The WSDOT camera layer publishes point geometry in wkid 102100.
+ * @param {number} x - Web Mercator metres east.
+ * @param {number} y - Web Mercator metres north.
+ * @returns {{lat: number, lon: number}} WGS84 degrees.
+ */
+export function webMercatorToWgs84(x, y) {
+  const R = 6378137;
+  const lon = (x / R) * (180 / Math.PI);
+  const lat = (2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(y / R)) - Math.PI / 2) * (180 / Math.PI);
+  return { lat, lon };
+}
+
+/** Rough Washington State bounding box (with the Columbia River border cams). */
+function isLikelyWashingtonCoordinate(lat, lon) {
+  return (
+    Number.isFinite(lat) &&
+    Number.isFinite(lon) &&
+    lat >= 45.3 &&
+    lat <= 49.3 &&
+    lon >= -125 &&
+    lon <= -116.5
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetch WSDOT highway cameras (Washington State). Keyless: one Esri JSON
+ * layer on WSDOT's official open-data host (the same layer the WSDOT Travel
+ * Center map consumes; a keyed Traveler Information API serves the identical
+ * population for higher-volume use). Only cameras with a positive integer id,
+ * finite in-state coordinates, and a frame on WSDOT's own image host are
+ * kept — the catalog's ~70 partner cameras (Oregon DOT, City of Seattle,
+ * lodges, airports) are skipped rather than proxied under someone else's
+ * terms. A single-facing `CompassDirection` (a cardinal) gives a
+ * high-confidence heading; `B` (both directions), `O`, and null fall back to
+ * the id hash.
+ * The feed carries Windows-1252 bytes (en-dashes in titles) with no charset
+ * declaration, so the body is decoded explicitly before parsing.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<Array<object>>} Normalized camera source objects.
+ */
+export async function loadWsdotSourcesFromOpenData() {
+  try {
+    const resp = await fetch(WSDOT_CAMERAS_URL, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/json' },
+      redirect: 'manual',
+      signal: AbortSignal.timeout(CCTV_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS),
+    });
+    const discard = async () => {
+      try {
+        await resp.body?.cancel();
+      } catch {
+        /* no-op */
+      }
+      return [];
+    };
+    if (resp.status >= 300 && resp.status < 400) {
+      console.warn(
+        '[CCTV] WSDOT catalog redirected; redirects are not followed',
+      );
+      return discard();
+    }
+    if (!resp.ok) {
+      console.warn('[CCTV] WSDOT camera download failed:', resp.status);
+      return discard();
+    }
+    const payload = JSON.parse(
+      new TextDecoder('windows-1252').decode(
+        await readResponseBytesCapped(resp, WSDOT_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES),
+      ),
+    );
+    const rows = Array.isArray(payload?.features) ? payload.features : [];
+
+    const cameras = [];
+    for (const row of rows) {
+      const attrs = row?.attributes;
+      const rawId = attrs?.CameraID;
+      if (!Number.isSafeInteger(rawId) || rawId <= 0) continue;
+      const imageUrl = String(attrs.ImageURL || '').trim();
+      if (!imageUrl.startsWith(WSDOT_IMAGE_ORIGIN)) continue;
+      const x = row?.geometry?.x;
+      const y = row?.geometry?.y;
+      if (!Number.isFinite(x) || !Number.isFinite(y)) continue;
+      const { lat, lon } = webMercatorToWgs84(x, y);
+      if (!isLikelyWashingtonCoordinate(lat, lon)) continue;
+
+      const cameraId = `wsdot-${rawId}`;
+      const heading =
+        WSDOT_COMPASS_HEADINGS[
+          String(attrs.CompassDirection || '')
+            .trim()
+            .toUpperCase()
+        ];
+      const hasHeading = Number.isFinite(heading);
+      cameras.push({
+        id: cameraId,
+        name: String(attrs.CameraTitle || '').trim() || `WSDOT camera ${rawId}`,
+        city: 'Washington',
+        cityId: 'washington-state',
+        provider: 'WSDOT',
+        lat,
+        lon,
+        headingDeg: hasHeading ? heading : fallbackHeadingFromId(cameraId),
+        headingConfidence: hasHeading ? 'high' : 'low',
+        // Same two pose personalities as the other packs: raw priors that the
+        // client's ground snap and manual calibration refine.
+        pitchDeg: hasHeading ? -24 : -18,
+        fovDeg: hasHeading ? 56 : 44,
+        rangeM: hasHeading ? 210 : 145,
+        mountHeightM: hasHeading ? 10 : 8,
+        feedType: 'image',
+        url: imageUrl,
+        snapshotUrl: imageUrl,
+        sourceKind: 'wsdot-open-data',
+        license: 'WSDOT Travel Center camera data (public low-volume feed)',
+      });
+    }
+
+    const maxRaw = Number(
+      process.env.CCTV_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES || DEFAULT_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES,
+    );
+    const maxCount = Number.isFinite(maxRaw)
+      ? Math.max(8, Math.min(1200, Math.floor(maxRaw)))
+      : DEFAULT_WSDOT_MAX_SOURCES;
+    const prioritized = prioritizeSources(cameras, maxCount, WSDOT_ANCHORS);
+    console.log(
+      `[CCTV] Loaded WSDOT camera sources: ${cameras.length} published (using nearest ${prioritized.length})`,
+    );
+    return prioritized;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn(
+      '[CCTV] WSDOT camera download error:',
+      error?.message || error,
+    );
+    return [];
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * One Statens vegvesen `CctvSimple` feature -> one catalog source, or null.
  *
@@ -2016,3 +2615,172 @@ export async function loadNycSourcesFromOpenData() {
     return [];
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * The JSONP envelope the City of Toronto wraps its camera list in. Anchored at
+ * both ends, so only that exact callback is unwrapped — a payload that merely
+ * contains the name somewhere is not treated as the list.
+ */
+const RESCU_JSONP = /^jsonTMCEarthCamerasCallback\(([\s\S]*)\)\s*;?$/;
+
+/**
+ * Unwrap the RESCU camera list. The portal serves the list as JSONP; should it
+ * ever drop the wrapper, the bare JSON document still parses. Anything else —
+ * a foreign callback, a truncated body, an error page — yields no cameras
+ * rather than a thrown loader.
+ *
+ * @param {string} text - Raw response body.
+ * @returns {Array<object>} The `Data` rows, or [] when the body is unusable.
+ */
+export function parseRescuCameraList(text) {
+  const body = String(text ?? '').trim();
+  if (!body) return [];
+  const unwrapped = RESCU_JSONP.exec(body)?.[1] ?? body;
+  try {
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(unwrapped);
+    const rows = parsed?.Data ?? parsed?.data;
+    return Array.isArray(rows) ? rows : [];
+  } catch {
+    return [];
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert one RESCU list row into a camera source.
+ *
+ * The row carries no URL: the frame URL is built from the documented
+ * `loc####.jpg` convention and a camera number validated as plain digits, so
+ * the frame proxy is pinned to the city origin by construction and no upstream
+ * field — present or planted — can steer it.
+ *
+ * No compass heading exists in this dataset. `D1`-`D4` are the directions of
+ * the *comparison* images (static reference stills captured in 2016, served
+ * from a different path); the live frame is one pan-tilt-zoom camera pointing
+ * wherever the operator left it. Treating those letters as a facing would put
+ * a confident, wrong bearing on every camera in the city, so every row takes
+ * the id-hash fallback and the low-confidence pose, as headingless Austin,
+ * TfL, Fintraffic and Calgary cameras do.
+ *
+ * @param {object} row - One entry from the RESCU `Data` array.
+ * @returns {object|null} Normalized camera source, or null when unusable.
+ */
+export function torontoCameraToSource(row) {
+  if (!row || typeof row !== 'object') return null;
+  const number = String(row.Number ?? row.number ?? '').trim();
+  // Plain digits only: a number is about to become a URL path segment.
+  if (!/^\d{1,6}$/.test(number)) return null;
+
+  const lat = toFiniteNumber(row.Latitude ?? row.latitude);
+  const lon = toFiniteNumber(row.Longitude ?? row.longitude);
+  if (!isLikelyTorontoCoordinate(lat, lon)) return null;
+
+  const cameraId = `toronto-${number}`;
+  // The feed's own label, verbatim. It is upper-case ("MCCOWAN RD", "ST
+  // HELEN'S AVE"); title-casing it would mangle more names than it fixed.
+  const name =
+    String(row.Name ?? row.name ?? '')
+      .replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
+      .trim() || `Toronto Camera ${number}`;
+
+  return {
+    id: cameraId,
+    name,
+    city: 'Toronto',
+    cityId: 'toronto',
+    provider: 'City of Toronto',
+    lat,
+    lon,
+    headingDeg: fallbackHeadingFromId(cameraId),
+    headingConfidence: 'low',
+    pitchDeg: -18,
+    fovDeg: 44,
+    rangeM: 145,
+    mountHeightM: 8,
+    groundElevationM: TORONTO_GROUND_ELEVATION_M,
+    feedType: 'image',
+    url: `${TORONTO_RESCU_IMAGE_ORIGIN}loc${number}.jpg`,
+    snapshotUrl: `${TORONTO_RESCU_IMAGE_ORIGIN}loc${number}.jpg`,
+    sourceKind: 'toronto-rescu-open-data',
+    license:
+      'Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Toronto',
+    // Unselected-label code: the intersection, so a camera at rest reads as a
+    // place rather than as its id.
+    code: cameraDisplayCode(name.toUpperCase()),
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetch City of Toronto RESCU traffic cameras from the City's open data
+ * portal, keyless. One JSONP list for the whole city; frames are stills on the
+ * same portal origin.
+ *
+ * The list fetch refuses redirects (`redirect: 'manual'`) so the list host
+ * cannot be steered, and caps the body it will buffer.
+ *
+ * Attribution: Open Government Licence – Toronto, registered in
+ * src/data/dataCredits.js.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<Array<object>>} Normalized camera source objects.
+ */
+export async function loadTorontoSourcesFromOpenData() {
+  try {
+    const endpoint =
+      process.env.CCTV_TORONTO_LIST_URL || TORONTO_RESCU_LIST_URL;
+    const resp = await fetch(endpoint, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/json, text/javascript' },
+      redirect: 'manual',
+      signal: AbortSignal.timeout(CCTV_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS),
+    });
+    // A response this loader will not read still owns its transport until the
+    // body is released, so every rejection path cancels before returning.
+    const discard = async () => {
+      try {
+        await resp.body?.cancel();
+      } catch {
+        /* no-op */
+      }
+      return [];
+    };
+    if (resp.status >= 300 && resp.status < 400) {
+      console.warn(
+        '[CCTV] Toronto camera list redirected; redirects are not followed',
+      );
+      return discard();
+    }
+    if (!resp.ok) {
+      console.warn('[CCTV] Toronto camera download failed:', resp.status);
+      return discard();
+    }
+    const text = await readResponseTextCapped(resp, TORONTO_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES);
+    const rows = parseRescuCameraList(text);
+    if (!rows.length) return [];
+
+    const cameras = [];
+    const seen = new Set();
+    for (const record of rows) {
+      const camera = torontoCameraToSource(record);
+      if (!camera || seen.has(camera.id)) continue;
+      seen.add(camera.id);
+      cameras.push(camera);
+    }
+    const maxRaw = Number(
+      process.env.CCTV_TORONTO_MAX_SOURCES || DEFAULT_TORONTO_MAX_SOURCES,
+    );
+    const maxCount = Number.isFinite(maxRaw)
+      ? Math.max(8, Math.min(500, Math.floor(maxRaw)))
+      : DEFAULT_TORONTO_MAX_SOURCES;
+    const prioritized = prioritizeSources(cameras, maxCount, [
+      TORONTO_DOWNTOWN,
+    ]);
+    console.log(
+      `[CCTV] Loaded Toronto camera sources: ${cameras.length} (using nearest ${prioritized.length})`,
+    );
+    return prioritized;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn(
+      '[CCTV] Toronto camera download error:',
+      error?.message || error,
+    );
+    return [];
+  }
+}

server/providers/cyclones.js

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ const STATUS_URL = 'https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/CurrentStorms.json';
 const GIS =
   'https://mapservices.weather.noaa.gov/tropical/rest/services/tropical/NHC_tropical_weather_summary/MapServer';
 const HOUR = 3600_000;
+// Data, not UI copy: src/layers/cyclones/index.js keeps the same English in
+// msg() and translates it when shown (likewise 'Cyclone data unavailable').
 const COVERAGE =
   'Atlantic and eastern/central North Pacific; not worldwide cyclone coverage.';
 const LAYERS = [
@@ -41,6 +43,9 @@ function number(value, min, max) {
   const n = Number(value);
   return Number.isFinite(n) && n >= min && n <= max ? n : null;
 }
+// NHC stamps an advisory with its nominal time (e.g. 03:00Z) and publishes it
+// up to about half an hour before; allow that, but not a clock far ahead.
+const EARLY_ADVISORY_MS = 90 * 60_000;
 function iso(value, now) {
   if (
     typeof value !== 'string' ||
@@ -50,7 +55,7 @@ function iso(value, now) {
   const n = Date.parse(value);
   if (
     !Number.isFinite(n) ||
-    n > now + 5 * 60_000 ||
+    n > now + EARLY_ADVISORY_MS ||
     now - n > 12 * HOUR ||
     new Date(n).toISOString().replace('.000Z', 'Z') !==
       value.replace('.000Z', 'Z')

server/providers/gbfs.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { readResponseTextCapped } from './common/http.js';
+import { makeRateLimiter, clientKey } from './common/rate-limit.js';
 import {
   isAllowedGbfsHost,
   isAllowedGbfsPath,
@@ -17,6 +18,19 @@ export const GBFS_CLIENT_IDENTIFIER = 'gods-eye-view';
 
 export const GBFS_MAX_BODY_BYTES = 5 * 1024 * 1024; // 5 MB
 
+/**
+ * Requests/minute/IP admitted by the proxy.
+ *
+ * The bikeshare layer's own demand is small and known: `src/layers/bikeshare/
+ * registry.js` catalogues 15 systems, station information is cached per city
+ * after its first fetch, and station status refreshes once per city every
+ * `STATUS_POLL_MS` (60 s) with in-flight requests deduplicated. Even with every
+ * catalogued system in camera range at once that is about 15 requests a minute,
+ * so 120 is eight times a maximal real session while still capping a caller
+ * using this proxy as an open relay against a third-party GBFS host.
+ */
+export const GBFS_RATE_PER_MIN = 120;
+
 function gbfsRedirectHost(location, requestUrl) {
   if (!location) return '';
   try {
@@ -121,7 +135,12 @@ export async function fetchGbfsUpstream(
  *
  * @returns {import('vite').Plugin}
  */
-export function gbfsProxy() {
+export function gbfsProxy({ ratePerMinute = GBFS_RATE_PER_MIN } = {}) {
+  const allow = makeRateLimiter({
+    windowMs: 60_000,
+    max: ratePerMinute,
+    globalMax: ratePerMinute * 3,
+  });
   const installMiddleware = (server) => {
     server.middlewares.use('/api/gbfs', async (req, res) => {
       try {
@@ -134,6 +153,19 @@ export function gbfsProxy() {
           return;
         }
 
+        // Frequency, checked before the target is even parsed: the allowlist
+        // already says WHERE this proxy may go, nothing said HOW OFTEN. A
+        // refused request performs no outbound fetch and starts no timer.
+        if (!allow(clientKey(req))) {
+          res.writeHead(429, {
+            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+            'Cache-Control': 'no-store',
+            'Retry-After': '10',
+          });
+          res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'Rate limit exceeded' }));
+          return;
+        }
+
         const url = new URL(req.url || '/', 'http://localhost');
         const encodedTarget = url.pathname.replace(/^\/+/, '');
         if (!encodedTarget) {

server/providers/overpass/transport.js

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import { simplifyOverpassPayloadBody } from './geometry.js';
  * Checks for known rate-limit phrases in the body text regardless of
  * HTTP status code, since some mirrors return 200 with an error payload.
  *
- * @param {string} bodyText - Upstream response body.
+ * @param {string} bodyText - The remark of a data reply, or a non-data body.
  * @returns {boolean} True if the body looks rate-limited.
  */
 function overpassLooksRateLimited(bodyText) {
@@ -41,6 +41,14 @@ function overpassLooksRuntimeError(bodyText) {
   );
 }
 
+function parseJson(text) {
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(text);
+  } catch {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * True only for an upstream response that is actually Overpass data.
  *
@@ -151,15 +159,22 @@ async function fetchOverpassPayload(
         signal: controller.signal,
       });
       const responseBody = await readBody(upstream, maxResponseBytes);
+      const parsed = parseJson(responseBody);
+      // An Overpass data reply reports failure in its remark; its element
+      // tags are data and can contain any phrase. Any other body (an error
+      // page, or JSON without elements) is matched whole.
+      const failureText = Array.isArray(parsed?.elements)
+        ? String(parsed.remark || '')
+        : responseBody;
       const rateLimited =
         upstream.status === 429 ||
         upstream.status === 406 ||
-        overpassLooksRateLimited(responseBody);
+        overpassLooksRateLimited(failureText);
       if (
         rateLimited ||
         upstream.status < 200 ||
         upstream.status >= 300 ||
-        overpassLooksRuntimeError(responseBody)
+        overpassLooksRuntimeError(failureText)
       ) {
         const failures = (previous?.failures || 0) + 1;
         const delay = retryDelay(
@@ -178,7 +193,6 @@ async function fetchOverpassPayload(
         failure = refusal(status, delay);
         continue;
       }
-      const parsed = JSON.parse(responseBody);
       if (!Array.isArray(parsed?.elements) || parsed.remark)
         throw new Error('Malformed Overpass response');
       cooldowns.delete(endpoint);

server/providers/traffic.js

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   normalizeBudget as normalizeTomTomBudget,
   isOverBudget as isTomTomOverBudget,
 } from '../../src/data/tomtomTiles.js';
+import { admitSameSite } from './common/same-site.js';
 
 /**
  * TomTom traffic-flow vector-tile proxy with a daily budget governor.
@@ -35,6 +36,13 @@ import {
  * for the rest of the billing period. 6,000/day keeps a full 31-day month
  * inside the allowance (186,000) with headroom to spare.
  *
+ * Cross-site gate: both routes refuse cross-site browser requests with 403
+ * (the gate Mapillary, OpenAI and Places already use). Every uncached tile is
+ * a billed upstream attempt counted against the persistent daily budget, so
+ * without the gate any web page the user visits could fire `<img>` requests
+ * at distinct tiles, spend the TomTom quota and leave the traffic layer on
+ * 429 budget for the rest of the UTC day.
+ *
  * GET /api/tomtom/status → {hasKey, dailyCount, budget, date}. Keyless mode:
  * status reports hasKey:false and the tile endpoint 503s {error:'no_key'}
  * without touching upstream — the traffic layer then stays in simulation mode.
@@ -161,6 +169,8 @@ export function tomtomProxy() {
 
   const installMiddleware = (server) => {
     server.middlewares.use('/api/tomtom', async (req, res) => {
+      // Gate first: a cross-site <img>/fetch must not reach the budget counter.
+      if (admitSameSite(req, res)) return;
       // Sanitized responses only (proxy/security baseline): no upstream
       // error details, and never echo the key or the upstream URL.
       const sendJson = (status, obj, extraHeaders = {}) => {

server/providers/transitHistory.test.mjs

@@ -179,3 +179,26 @@ test('snapshot capacity pressure preserves members not yet visited and discloses
   assert.equal(recreated.fixes.length, 1);
   assert.equal(recreated.truncated, true);
 });
+test('a feed fleet-number mode outranks its route mode in the epoch context', (t) => {
+  const h = history(t);
+  const ttc = {
+    id: 'ttc',
+    historyRetention: true,
+    defaultMode: 'bus',
+    routeMode: (route) => (/^5\d\d$/.test(route ?? '') ? 'tram' : 'bus'),
+    vehicleMode: (id) =>
+      /^4[4-6]\d\d$/.test(id) ? 'tram' : /^\d{4}$/.test(id) ? 'bus' : 'unknown',
+  };
+  h.ingest(
+    ttc,
+    [
+      row(100000, '8515', { routeId: '506' }),
+      row(100000, '4507', { routeId: null }),
+      row(100000, 'x1', { routeId: '501' }),
+    ],
+    100000,
+  );
+  assert.equal(h.get('ttc', '8515', 100000).epochs[0].mode, 'bus');
+  assert.equal(h.get('ttc', '4507', 100000).epochs[0].mode, 'tram');
+  assert.equal(h.get('ttc', 'x1', 100000).epochs[0].mode, 'tram');
+});

server/providers/wind.js

@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ import { fetchIfsWind } from './wind/ifs.js';
 import { decodeWindGribMessage } from './wind/decode.js';
 import { weatherScalarMetadata, weatherScalarError } from './wind/grid.js';
 
+// Data, not UI copy: the client (src/layers/wind/index.js) marks this exact
+// English with msg() and translates it when shown, so keep the two in sync.
+const UPSTREAM_UNAVAILABLE = 'Wind upstream unavailable';
+
 /** Serve bounded, single-flight, per-model/overlay forecast snapshots from fixed providers. */
 export function windProxy({
   fetchImpl = fetch,
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@ export function windProxy({
       ...(overlay === 'none' ? {} : { overlay }),
       unavailable: true,
       stale: true,
-      reason: 'Wind upstream unavailable',
+      reason: UPSTREAM_UNAVAILABLE,
     },
   });
   const sendJson = (res, value, status = 200) => {
@@ -139,7 +143,7 @@ export function windProxy({
           old.manifest = {
             ...old.manifest,
             stale: true,
-            reason: 'Wind upstream unavailable',
+            reason: UPSTREAM_UNAVAILABLE,
           };
           return old;
         }

server/standalone/key-setup.js

@@ -134,6 +134,8 @@ function keySetupEndpoint({ sourceRoot = defaultSourceRoot } = {}) {
   };
   // The gate itself is pure and unit-tested (admitKeySetupRequest in
   // src/keySetupCore.mjs) — this just feeds it the request.
+  // `code`/`params` pick the panel's sentence (src/keySetup.js); `error` is for logs.
+  const refusal = ({ error, code, params }) => ({ error, code, params });
   const admit = (req) =>
     admitKeySetupRequest({
       method: req.method,
@@ -247,18 +249,24 @@ function keySetupEndpoint({ sourceRoot = defaultSourceRoot } = {}) {
     configureServer(server) {
       server.middlewares.use('/api/setup/status', (req, res) => {
         if (req.method !== 'GET')
-          return respond(res, 405, { error: 'Method not allowed' });
+          return respond(res, 405, {
+            error: 'Method not allowed',
+            code: 'method',
+          });
         const admission = admit(req);
         if (!admission.ok)
-          return respond(res, admission.status, { error: admission.error });
+          return respond(res, admission.status, refusal(admission));
         respond(res, 200, providerStatus());
       });
       server.middlewares.use('/api/setup/keys', (req, res) => {
         if (req.method !== 'POST')
-          return respond(res, 405, { error: 'Method not allowed' });
+          return respond(res, 405, {
+            error: 'Method not allowed',
+            code: 'method',
+          });
         const admission = admit(req);
         if (!admission.ok)
-          return respond(res, admission.status, { error: admission.error });
+          return respond(res, admission.status, refusal(admission));
         let body = '';
         let overflowed = false;
         req.on('data', (chunk) => {
@@ -270,15 +278,21 @@ function keySetupEndpoint({ sourceRoot = defaultSourceRoot } = {}) {
         });
         req.on('end', () => {
           if (overflowed)
-            return respond(res, 413, { error: 'Request too large' });
+            return respond(res, 413, {
+              error: 'Request too large',
+              code: 'too-large',
+            });
           let parsed;
           try {
             parsed = JSON.parse(body || '{}');
           } catch {
-            return respond(res, 400, { error: 'Invalid JSON' });
+            return respond(res, 400, {
+              error: 'Invalid JSON',
+              code: 'invalid-json',
+            });
           }
           const verdict = validateKeySetupUpdates(parsed);
-          if (!verdict.ok) return respond(res, 400, { error: verdict.error });
+          if (!verdict.ok) return respond(res, 400, refusal(verdict));
           // Neither a replace NOR a removal may touch an externally-supplied
           // credential (shell env, Keychain, another workflow). This backs the
           // UI's read-only "configured externally" state with a real contract —
@@ -289,6 +303,8 @@ function keySetupEndpoint({ sourceRoot = defaultSourceRoot } = {}) {
             if (isExternallyManaged(name, inStore)) {
               return respond(res, 409, {
                 error: `${name} is configured outside Provider Settings and can only be changed where it was set`,
+                code: 'external',
+                params: { name },
               });
             }
           }
@@ -305,10 +321,16 @@ function keySetupEndpoint({ sourceRoot = defaultSourceRoot } = {}) {
             ) {
               return respond(res, 500, {
                 error: `The key was not saved: ${error.message}`,
+                code:
+                  error.code === 'GEV_HARDEN_FAILED'
+                    ? 'harden-failed'
+                    : 'store-unreadable',
               });
             }
             return respond(res, 500, {
               error: `Could not write the ${storeName()} store`,
+              code: 'write-failed',
+              params: { store: storeName() },
             });
           }
           // Live for the server-side proxies immediately; the restart below is

src/annotations/annotationEngine.js

@@ -1137,12 +1137,14 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
           {
             type: 'highlight',
             target: 'Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'Palace of Fine Arts',
             color: 'amber',
           },
           {
             type: 'area',
             target: 'Presidio of San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'The Presidio (former Army base)',
             color: 'green',
             footprint: true,
@@ -1150,6 +1152,7 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
           {
             type: 'pin',
             target: 'Letterman Digital Arts Center, San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'ILM / Lucasfilm',
             color: 'cyan',
           },
@@ -1157,6 +1160,7 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
             type: 'arrow',
             target: 'Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco',
             toTarget: 'Marina District, San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'next to the Marina',
           },
         ],
@@ -1186,6 +1190,7 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
           {
             type: 'highlight',
             target: 'Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'Palace of Fine Arts',
             color: 'amber',
           },
@@ -1200,6 +1205,7 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
             type: 'arrow',
             target: 'Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco',
             toTarget: 'Marina Green, San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'next to the Marina',
             color: 'cyan',
           },
@@ -1223,6 +1229,7 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
           {
             type: 'area',
             target: 'Presidio of San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'The Presidio — a former Army base',
             color: 'green',
             footprint: true,
@@ -1237,6 +1244,7 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
           {
             type: 'pin',
             target: 'Letterman Digital Arts Center, San Francisco',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'ILM / Lucasfilm',
             color: 'red',
           },
@@ -1250,6 +1258,7 @@ export function createAnnotationEngine({
           {
             type: 'route',
             color: 'amber',
+            // i18n-ignore: dev demo of voice-agent labels (not translated)
             label: 'Crissy Field shoreline',
             points: [
               { target: 'Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco' },

src/annotations/drawMode.js

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t, tn } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 /**
  * Manual whiteboard drawing: the pure half.
  *
@@ -284,20 +286,26 @@ export function closeRing(pairs) {
 
 /** One line of guidance for the person drawing, by state. */
 export function drawHint(session) {
-  if (!session) return 'Pick a shape, then click the map.';
+  if (!session) return t('Pick a shape, then click the map.');
   const n = session.vertices.length;
   if (session.shape === 'pin')
     return n
-      ? 'Enter to place the pin, Esc to cancel.'
-      : 'Click where the pin goes.';
+      ? t('Enter to place the pin, Esc to cancel.')
+      : t('Click where the pin goes.');
   const need = MIN_VERTICES[session.shape] - n;
-  if (need > 0) return `Click ${need} more point${need === 1 ? '' : 's'}.`;
+  if (need > 0)
+    return tn(need, 'Click {count} more point.', 'Click {count} more points.');
   if (finishReason(session) === 'degenerate') {
     return session.shape === 'area'
-      ? 'Those points are in a line — move one off it to enclose an area.'
-      : 'That line has no length — click somewhere further away.';
+      ? t('Those points are in a line — move one off it to enclose an area.')
+      : t('That line has no length — click somewhere further away.');
   }
   const full =
-    n >= MAX_VERTICES ? ` · ${MAX_VERTICES}-point limit reached` : '';
-  return `${formatMeasure(session)} · double-click or Enter to finish, Backspace undoes, Esc cancels.${full}`;
+    n >= MAX_VERTICES
+      ? t(' · {max}-point limit reached', { max: MAX_VERTICES })
+      : '';
+  return t(
+    '{measure} · double-click or Enter to finish, Backspace undoes, Esc cancels.{full}',
+    { measure: formatMeasure(session), full },
+  );
 }

src/annotations/drawTool.js

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import {
   pointerOwner,
   releasePointer,
 } from '../data/inputOwnership.js';
+import { pointerOwnerName } from '../data/pointerOwnerNames.js';
 import {
   DRAW_SHAPES,
   MAX_VERTICES,
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ import {
   removeLastVertex,
 } from './drawMode.js';
 
+import { msg, registerUnsavedWork, t, translateKnown } from '../i18n/index.js';
 /** The id this tool claims the pointer under. */
 export const DRAW_POINTER_OWNER = 'draw';
 const PREVIEW_DATA_SOURCE_NAME = 'gev-draw-preview';
@@ -100,6 +102,17 @@ export function initDrawTool({ viewer, annotations }) {
     target.addEventListener(type, listener, options);
     domListeners.push([target, type, listener, options]);
   };
+  // The board lives only in memory: switching language (a reload) asks first
+  // while it holds a lasting mark or a shape is half drawn.
+  const unregisterUnsavedWork = registerUnsavedWork(() => {
+    if (destroyed) return null;
+    const lasting = (annotations.list?.() || []).some(
+      (mark) => mark && mark.ttlMs == null && !mark.expiring,
+    );
+    return lasting || session?.vertices?.length > 0
+      ? msg('drawings on the map')
+      : null;
+  });
 
   const dataSource = new Cesium.CustomDataSource(PREVIEW_DATA_SOURCE_NAME);
   // `add()` resolves on the NEXT tick, so an init-then-immediate-destroy would
@@ -197,10 +210,13 @@ export function initDrawTool({ viewer, annotations }) {
     // a limit rather than the harmless tail of a double-click.
     if (reason === 'full')
       setHint(
-        `That shape already has ${MAX_VERTICES} points — finish it or press Backspace.`,
+        t(
+          'That shape already has {count} points — finish it or press Backspace.',
+          { count: MAX_VERTICES },
+        ),
       );
     else if (reason === 'invalid')
-      setHint('That point is off the globe — click on the world.');
+      setHint(t('That point is off the globe — click on the world.'));
   };
   const onMove = (event) => {
     if (!session || session.shape === 'pin' || destroyed) return;
@@ -236,11 +252,15 @@ export function initDrawTool({ viewer, annotations }) {
         flyTo: false,
       });
       if (destroyed || attempt !== generation) return result;
-      if (result?.drawn === 0) setHint('That shape could not be placed.');
+      if (result?.drawn === 0) setHint(t('That shape could not be placed.'));
       return result;
     } catch (error) {
       if (destroyed || attempt !== generation) return null;
-      setHint(`Could not place the shape: ${error?.message || error}`);
+      setHint(
+        t('Could not place the shape: {error}', {
+          error: error?.message || error,
+        }),
+      );
       return null;
     }
   };
@@ -258,7 +278,7 @@ export function initDrawTool({ viewer, annotations }) {
     if (session) session = createDrawSession(shape);
     annotations.clear();
     syncPreview();
-    if (!destroyed && !active) setHint('Board cleared.');
+    if (!destroyed && !active) setHint(t('Board cleared.'));
   };
 
   // ---- keys: only while drawing, never while typing in another field ----
@@ -324,7 +344,11 @@ export function initDrawTool({ viewer, annotations }) {
         // Somebody else is using the pointer — possibly an older instance of
         // this same tool that has not finished tearing down. Say so instead of
         // half-starting.
-        setHint(`${pointerOwner()} is using the pointer — close it first.`);
+        setHint(
+          t('{owner} is using the pointer — close it first.', {
+            owner: translateKnown(pointerOwnerName(pointerOwner())),
+          }),
+        );
         return active;
       }
     }
@@ -502,6 +526,7 @@ export function initDrawTool({ viewer, annotations }) {
       generation += 1;
       if (active) setActive(false);
       destroyed = true;
+      unregisterUnsavedWork();
       releaseSceneHandler();
       releasePointer(lease);
       lease = null;

src/annotations/drawToolBehaviour.test.mjs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
 import { initDrawTool } from './drawTool.js';
+import { describeUnsavedWork } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   isPointerFree,
   pointerOwner,
@@ -240,6 +241,29 @@ const LEFT_DOUBLE_CLICK = Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType.LEFT_DOUBLE_CLICK;
 
 /* ── the tests ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 
+// First in the file: tools left by later tests would answer the same registry.
+test('a lasting mark or a half-drawn shape makes the language switch ask first', async () => {
+  const h = harness();
+  try {
+    let marks = [];
+    h.annotations.list = () => marks;
+    assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), [], 'an empty board loses nothing');
+    marks = [{ id: 'a', ttlMs: 8000, expiring: false }];
+    assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), [], 'a fading mark is not work');
+    marks = [{ id: 'b', ttlMs: null, expiring: false }];
+    assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), ['drawings on the map']);
+    marks = [];
+    h.element('draw-toggle').emit('click');
+    h.tool.addVertex(-97.75, 30.26);
+    assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), ['drawings on the map'], 'a shape in progress');
+    marks = [{ id: 'c', ttlMs: null, expiring: false }];
+    await h.tool.destroy();
+    assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), [], 'a destroyed tool unregisters');
+  } finally {
+    h.restore();
+  }
+});
+
 test('turning Draw on takes a lease and turning it off gives it back', async () => {
   const h = harness();
   try {
@@ -263,7 +287,11 @@ test('Draw refuses to start when something else holds the pointer', async () =>
     h.element('draw-toggle').emit('click');
     assert.equal(h.tool.active, false, 'it must not half-start');
     assert.equal(pointerOwner(), 'directions', 'and must not steal the claim');
-    assert.match(h.element('draw-hint').textContent, /directions/);
+    // Named by its tool, not by the internal owner id.
+    assert.equal(
+      h.element('draw-hint').textContent,
+      'Directions is using the pointer — close it first.',
+    );
     assert.equal(h.tool.diagnostics().sceneHandler, false, 'no handler was bound');
 
     releasePointer(other);

src/annotations/screenAnnotationRenderer.js

@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ import {
   getActiveTrackedReadoutId,
   TRACKED_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID,
 } from '../data/trackedReadout.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
+/** A label whose detailed outline could not be resolved. */
+function outlineUnavailableLabel(label) {
+  return t('{label} · Detailed outline unavailable', { label: label || '' });
+}
 
 /**
  * Screen-space annotation renderer (Direction B — the "whiteboard" aesthetic).
@@ -163,7 +169,7 @@ export function createScreenAnnotationRenderer(
       group.appendChild(parts.poly);
       parts.label = makeCallout(
         anno.outlineUnavailable
-          ? `${anno.label || ''} · Detailed outline unavailable`
+          ? outlineUnavailableLabel(anno.label)
           : anno.label,
         c,
       );
@@ -181,7 +187,7 @@ export function createScreenAnnotationRenderer(
       group.appendChild(parts.path);
       parts.label = makeCallout(
         anno.outlineUnavailable
-          ? `${anno.label || ''} · Detailed outline unavailable`
+          ? outlineUnavailableLabel(anno.label)
           : anno.label,
         c,
       );
@@ -215,7 +221,7 @@ export function createScreenAnnotationRenderer(
       });
       parts.label = makeCallout(
         anno.outlineUnavailable
-          ? `${anno.label || ''} · Detailed outline unavailable`
+          ? outlineUnavailableLabel(anno.label)
           : anno.label,
         c,
       );
@@ -259,7 +265,7 @@ export function createScreenAnnotationRenderer(
       group.appendChild(parts.leader);
       parts.label = makeCallout(
         anno.outlineUnavailable
-          ? `${anno.label || ''} · Detailed outline unavailable`
+          ? outlineUnavailableLabel(anno.label)
           : anno.label,
         c,
       );
@@ -322,7 +328,7 @@ export function createScreenAnnotationRenderer(
     }
     rec.anno = anno;
     if (anno.outlineUnavailable && rec.parts.label) {
-      rec.parts.label.text.textContent = `${anno.label || ''} · Detailed outline unavailable`;
+      rec.parts.label.text.textContent = outlineUnavailableLabel(anno.label);
       sizeCallout(rec.parts.label);
     }
 

src/app/controls.js

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { catalogControlServices } from './catalog.js';
 import { StyleManager } from '../ui/composition.js';
 import { flyToAustin } from '../camera.js';
 import { initCockpitCloudEffects } from '../cockpitCloudEffects.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 /** Construct the existing controls and camera presentation. */
 export function createApplicationControls({
@@ -41,10 +42,10 @@ export function createApplicationControls({
 
   // If no share link state, do default fly-to Austin
   if (!styleManager.hasShareState) {
-    loaderStatus.textContent = 'Flying to Austin, TX...';
+    loaderStatus.textContent = t('Flying to Austin, TX...');
     defer(flyToAustin(viewer));
   } else {
-    loaderStatus.textContent = 'Restoring shared view...';
+    loaderStatus.textContent = t('Restoring shared view...');
   }
 
   return { styleManager, weatherEffects, cockpitCloudEffects };

src/app/globePanelRuntime.js

@@ -541,6 +541,7 @@ export function panelRuntime(config) {
         const notice = document.createElement('div');
         notice.id = 'status';
         notice.textContent =
+          // i18n-ignore: host-panel script, no app catalogs
           "This panel lost its 3D graphics, likely because other God's Eye " +
           "View panels in this conversation hold them. Use Open in God's " +
           'Eye View above, or show it in a new conversation.';
@@ -568,13 +569,16 @@ export function panelRuntime(config) {
     queued = view;
     if (started) return;
     started = true;
+    // i18n-ignore: host-panel script, no app catalogs
     say("Loading God's Eye View…");
     startApp(url, view).catch((error) =>
+      // i18n-ignore: host-panel script, no app catalogs
       say(`God's Eye View could not load here: ${error?.message || error}.`),
     );
     setTimeout(() => {
       if (!ready)
         say(
+          // i18n-ignore: see above
           "God's Eye View did not load here" +
             (blocked ? ` (${blocked})` : '') +
             ". Use Open in God's Eye View above.",
@@ -616,6 +620,7 @@ export function panelRuntime(config) {
     if (context?.displayMode) displayMode = context.displayMode;
     if (context?.availableDisplayModes)
       expand.hidden = !context.availableDisplayModes.includes('fullscreen');
+    // i18n-ignore: host-panel script, no app catalogs
     expand.textContent = displayMode === 'fullscreen' ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand';
   };
   expand.addEventListener('click', () => {
@@ -640,6 +645,7 @@ export function panelRuntime(config) {
     appCapabilities: { availableDisplayModes: ['inline', 'fullscreen'] },
     appInfo: {
       name: 'gods-eye-view',
+      // i18n-ignore: product name sent to the MCP host
       title: "God's Eye View",
       version: '1.0.0',
     },
@@ -655,6 +661,7 @@ export function panelRuntime(config) {
     },
     (error) =>
       say(
+        // i18n-ignore: host-panel script, no app catalogs
         "This client did not accept the God's Eye View panel" +
           (error?.message ? `: ${error.message}` : '.'),
       ),

src/app/layers/cctv.js

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import * as credits from '../../data/dataCredits.js';
 import * as sprites from '../../data/spriteOrder.js';
 import * as activation from '../../cctvFocusRequest.js';
 import * as overlays from '../../overlays/worldOverlay.js';
-import * as locations from '../../locations.js';
+import { CITY_POIS } from '../../cityPois.js';
 import * as picking from '../../data/pickRegistry.js';
 import * as focus from '../../data/focusDeemphasis.js';
 import * as render from '../../renderGovernor.js';
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export function createApplicationCctv({ surface, source }) {
       sprites,
       activation,
       overlays,
-      locations,
+      locations: { CITY_POIS },
       picking,
       terrain,
       ground,

src/app/scene.js

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   governorRequestRender,
 } from '../renderGovernor.js';
 import { describeError } from './errors.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 /** Construct the application globe using the caller's local configuration. */
 export async function createApplicationScene({
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ export async function createApplicationScene({
       else window.__GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY__ = previousKey;
     });
   }
-  loaderStatus.textContent = 'Configuring viewer...';
+  loaderStatus.textContent = t('Configuring viewer...');
   // Provider attribution stays visible, including clean-view and recording.
   const creditContainer = document.createElement('div');
   creditContainer.id = 'cesium-credits';
@@ -61,8 +62,8 @@ export async function createApplicationScene({
   configureCreditKeyboardAccess(document);
   loaderStatus.textContent =
     googleApiKey || googleTokens || cesiumToken
-      ? 'Loading Google 3D Tiles...'
-      : 'Loading the keyless globe...';
+      ? t('Loading Google 3D Tiles...')
+      : t('Loading the keyless globe...');
   const photoreal = await loadPhotorealisticTileset(Cesium, {
     googleApiKey,
     googleTokens,
@@ -90,12 +91,17 @@ export async function createApplicationScene({
         tileError,
       );
       const tileErrorDetail = describeError(tileError);
-      loaderStatus.textContent = `Google 3D Tiles unavailable (${tileErrorDetail}). Loading the keyless globe...`;
+      loaderStatus.textContent = t(
+        'Google 3D Tiles unavailable ({detail}). Loading the keyless globe...',
+        {
+          detail: tileErrorDetail,
+        },
+      );
     }
     viewer.scene.globe.show = true;
   }
 
-  loaderStatus.textContent = 'Initializing systems...';
+  loaderStatus.textContent = t('Initializing systems...');
 
   const mapStackController = new MapController(viewer, {
     requestRender: governorRequestRender,

src/cityPois.js

@@ -0,0 +1,514 @@
+/**
+ * @module cityPois
+ * @description The preset cities and their landmarks — plain data with no
+ * Cesium, so modules that only need the names (voice cards) can import it.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Points of Interest per city.
+ * Each city has 5 POIs; the first is the default fly-to landmark.
+ *
+ * Field reference:
+ *   alt     — RANGE (distance from target in meters), NOT absolute altitude
+ *   heading — optimal camera heading in degrees (0=N, 90=E, 180=S, 270=W)
+ *   pitch   — camera tilt in degrees (negative = looking down)
+ *   buildingHeight — estimated height of landmark center above ground (meters)
+ */
+export const CITY_POIS = {
+  austin: {
+    name: 'Austin',
+    groundElevation: 150, // meters above WGS84 ellipsoid
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 30.1, lng: -97.95 },
+      northeast: { lat: 30.52, lng: -97.55 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Texas State Capitol',
+        lat: 30.2747,
+        lon: -97.7403,
+        alt: 550,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 35,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Frost Bank Tower',
+        lat: 30.2674,
+        lon: -97.7434,
+        alt: 550,
+        pitch: -22,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 80,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Pennybacker Bridge',
+        lat: 30.3451,
+        lon: -97.7951,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 40,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'The Jenga Tower',
+        lat: 30.2642,
+        lon: -97.75,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -18,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 60,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'UT Tower',
+        lat: 30.2862,
+        lon: -97.7394,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -22,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 50,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  sf: {
+    name: 'San Francisco',
+    groundElevation: 15,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 37.7, lng: -122.53 },
+      northeast: { lat: 37.84, lng: -122.35 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Golden Gate Bridge',
+        lat: 37.8199,
+        lon: -122.4783,
+        alt: 1400,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Transamerica Pyramid',
+        lat: 37.7952,
+        lon: -122.4028,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 85,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Salesforce Tower',
+        lat: 37.7897,
+        lon: -122.3972,
+        alt: 680,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 330,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Alcatraz Island',
+        lat: 37.8267,
+        lon: -122.423,
+        alt: 800,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Coit Tower',
+        lat: 37.8024,
+        lon: -122.4058,
+        alt: 420,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 30,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  nyc: {
+    name: 'New York',
+    groundElevation: 10,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 40.477, lng: -74.259 },
+      northeast: { lat: 40.918, lng: -73.7 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Statue of Liberty',
+        lat: 40.6892,
+        lon: -74.0445,
+        alt: 450,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 315,
+        buildingHeight: 45,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Empire State Building',
+        lat: 40.7484,
+        lon: -73.9857,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -12,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 130,
+        buildingBounds: { height: 443, width: 130, depth: 75 },
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'One World Trade Center',
+        lat: 40.7127,
+        lon: -74.0134,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 170,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Brooklyn Bridge',
+        lat: 40.7061,
+        lon: -73.9969,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 40,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Chrysler Building',
+        lat: 40.7516,
+        lon: -73.9755,
+        alt: 700,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 225,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  tokyo: {
+    name: 'Tokyo',
+    groundElevation: 40,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 35.52, lng: 139.55 },
+      northeast: { lat: 35.9, lng: 139.92 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Tokyo Tower',
+        lat: 35.6586,
+        lon: 139.7454,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 110,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Tokyo Skytree',
+        lat: 35.7101,
+        lon: 139.8107,
+        alt: 900,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 200,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Imperial Palace',
+        lat: 35.6852,
+        lon: 139.7528,
+        alt: 900,
+        pitch: -35,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Senso-ji Temple',
+        lat: 35.7148,
+        lon: 139.7967,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower',
+        lat: 35.6929,
+        lon: 139.6925,
+        alt: 350,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 70,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  london: {
+    name: 'London',
+    groundElevation: 15,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 51.28, lng: -0.51 },
+      northeast: { lat: 51.7, lng: 0.33 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Tower Bridge',
+        lat: 51.5055,
+        lon: -0.0754,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 65,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'The Shard',
+        lat: 51.5045,
+        lon: -0.0865,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Big Ben / Parliament',
+        lat: 51.5007,
+        lon: -0.1246,
+        alt: 600,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 50,
+      },
+      {
+        name: "St. Paul's Cathedral",
+        lat: 51.5138,
+        lon: -0.0984,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 55,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'The Gherkin',
+        lat: 51.5145,
+        lon: -0.0803,
+        alt: 350,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 60,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  paris: {
+    name: 'Paris',
+    groundElevation: 35,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 48.815, lng: 2.224 },
+      northeast: { lat: 48.902, lng: 2.47 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Eiffel Tower',
+        lat: 48.8584,
+        lon: 2.2945,
+        alt: 750,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 315,
+        buildingHeight: 150,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Arc de Triomphe',
+        lat: 48.8738,
+        lon: 2.295,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Notre-Dame',
+        lat: 48.853,
+        lon: 2.3499,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 225,
+        buildingHeight: 35,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Sacré-Cœur',
+        lat: 48.8867,
+        lon: 2.3431,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 40,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Louvre Pyramid',
+        lat: 48.8606,
+        lon: 2.3376,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -35,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 10,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  dubai: {
+    name: 'Dubai',
+    groundElevation: 5,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 24.95, lng: 54.9 },
+      northeast: { lat: 25.35, lng: 55.55 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Burj Khalifa',
+        lat: 25.1972,
+        lon: 55.2744,
+        alt: 600,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 200,
+        buildingHeight: 270,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Burj Al Arab',
+        lat: 25.1412,
+        lon: 55.1853,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Palm Jumeirah',
+        lat: 25.1124,
+        lon: 55.139,
+        alt: 1200,
+        pitch: -40,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Dubai Frame',
+        lat: 25.235,
+        lon: 55.3003,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 75,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Museum of the Future',
+        lat: 25.2197,
+        lon: 55.2806,
+        alt: 350,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 35,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  dc: {
+    name: 'Washington DC',
+    groundElevation: 10,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 38.79, lng: -77.12 },
+      northeast: { lat: 38.995, lng: -76.91 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'US Capitol',
+        lat: 38.8897,
+        lon: -77.0091,
+        alt: 550,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 45,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Washington Monument',
+        lat: 38.8895,
+        lon: -77.0353,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 85,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Lincoln Memorial',
+        lat: 38.8893,
+        lon: -77.0502,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Pentagon',
+        lat: 38.8711,
+        lon: -77.0559,
+        alt: 800,
+        pitch: -40,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Jefferson Memorial',
+        lat: 38.8814,
+        lon: -77.0365,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  tallinn: {
+    name: 'Tallinn',
+    groundElevation: 15,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 59.36, lng: 24.6 },
+      northeast: { lat: 59.52, lng: 24.92 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Viru Square',
+        lat: 59.4366,
+        lon: 24.7527,
+        alt: 450,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 60,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Old Town / Raekoja plats',
+        lat: 59.4372,
+        lon: 24.7452,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Teatri väljak',
+        lat: 59.4344,
+        lon: 24.7514,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 220,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Port of Tallinn',
+        lat: 59.4445,
+        lon: 24.7675,
+        alt: 700,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Ülemiste',
+        lat: 59.421,
+        lon: 24.792,
+        alt: 600,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 30,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+};

src/cityPresets.test.mjs

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 // say nothing about whether a destination is framed well.
 import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import { CITY_POIS, LOCATIONS } from './locations.js';
+import { CITY_POIS } from './cityPois.js';
+import { LOCATIONS } from './locations.js';
 
 const DESTINATIONS = Object.entries(CITY_POIS);
 const REQUIRED_POI_KEYS = ['name', 'lat', 'lon', 'alt', 'pitch', 'heading'];

src/cockpitMath.js

@@ -83,31 +83,65 @@ export function cockpitAltitudeDisplayFt(altitudeM, onGround) {
   return Number.isFinite(altitudeM) ? altitudeM * 3.28084 : null;
 }
 
+/** The English emergency line; see formatCockpitEmergency. */
+const ENGLISH_EMERGENCY = Object.freeze({
+  squawk: ({ squawk, label }) => `SQUAWK ${squawk} · ${label}`,
+  adsb: ({ priority, label }) =>
+    `ADS-B ${priority ? 'PRIORITY' : 'EMERGENCY'} · ${label}`,
+});
+
 /**
  * HUD wording for a tracked aircraft's transponder emergency, or null.
  * States what was broadcast, never a conclusion about the flight: the Mode A
  * code when it names the status, else the ADS-B field it came from (an
  * unrelated squawk is dropped).
- * @param {{label?: string, squawk?: string|null, source?: string,
- *   severity?: string}|null|undefined} emergency
+ * The cockpit passes its own formatter so the page shows it in the active
+ * language; this module stays i18n-free.
+ * @param {{label?: string, squawk?: string|null,
+ *   source?: string, severity?: string}|null|undefined} emergency
+ * @param {{squawk: Function, adsb: Function}} [format] Builds the line from
+ *   `{ name, label, squawk }` and `{ name, label, priority }`, where
+ *   `label` is the upper-cased `name`.
  * @returns {string|null}
  */
-export function formatCockpitEmergency(emergency) {
+export function formatCockpitEmergency(emergency, format = ENGLISH_EMERGENCY) {
   const label = String(emergency?.label || '')
     .trim()
     .toUpperCase();
   if (!label) return null;
+  const name = String(emergency.label).trim();
   if (emergency.source === 'squawk' && emergency.squawk)
-    return `SQUAWK ${emergency.squawk} · ${label}`;
-  const field = emergency.severity === 'priority' ? 'PRIORITY' : 'EMERGENCY';
-  return `ADS-B ${field} · ${label}`;
+    return format.squawk({ name, label, squawk: emergency.squawk });
+  return format.adsb({
+    name,
+    label,
+    priority: emergency.severity === 'priority',
+  });
 }
 
-/** Format the cockpit Context scope without overstating installation coverage. */
+/** The English Context scope line; see formatCockpitContextScope. */
+const ENGLISH_CONTEXT_SCOPE = Object.freeze({
+  window: ({ label, radiusKm }) =>
+    `${label} · ${radiusKm ?? '—'} KM AIR/SEA WINDOW`,
+  installations: ({ scope, coverage }) =>
+    `${scope} · INSTALLATIONS ${coverage}`,
+});
+
+/**
+ * Format the cockpit Context scope without overstating installation coverage.
+ * @param {string|number} subjectLabel
+ * @param {number} radiusM
+ * @param {string|null} [installationCoverage]
+ * @param {{window: Function, installations: Function}} [format] Builds the
+ *   line from `{ label, radiusKm }` (radiusKm is null when unknown) and
+ *   `{ scope, coverage }`.
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
 export function formatCockpitContextScope(
   subjectLabel,
   radiusM,
   installationCoverage = null,
+  format = ENGLISH_CONTEXT_SCOPE,
 ) {
   const normalizedLabel =
     typeof subjectLabel === 'string'
@@ -117,12 +151,12 @@ export function formatCockpitContextScope(
         : '—';
   const radiusKm =
     Number.isFinite(radiusM) && radiusM >= 0
-      ? String(Math.round(radiusM / 1000))
-      : '—';
+      ? Math.round(radiusM / 1000)
+      : null;
   const coverage =
     typeof installationCoverage === 'string' ? installationCoverage.trim() : '';
-  const base = `${normalizedLabel} · ${radiusKm} KM AIR/SEA WINDOW`;
-  return coverage ? `${base} · INSTALLATIONS ${coverage}` : base;
+  const base = format.window({ label: normalizedLabel, radiusKm });
+  return coverage ? format.installations({ scope: base, coverage }) : base;
 }
 
 /** Return seven 30-degree compass divisions centered on a heading. */

src/cockpitSignalFocus.test.mjs

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import { afterEach } from 'node:test';
 import { formatAwarenessLabel } from './data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js';
 import { CockpitViewController } from './ui/cockpitController.js';
 const previousDocument = globalThis.document;
-afterEach(() => { globalThis.document = previousDocument; });
+afterEach(() => {
+  globalThis.document = previousDocument;
+});
 
 // Model native focus loss on removal AND on ordinary DOM moves. Keeping an
 // object reference alone is insufficient if reconciliation disconnects it.
@@ -22,23 +24,60 @@ function fixture() {
       this.className = '';
       this._text = '';
       this.classList = {
-        add: (...names) => { this.className = [...new Set([...this.className.split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean), ...names])].join(' '); },
+        add: (...names) => {
+          this.className = [
+            ...new Set([
+              ...this.className.split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean),
+              ...names,
+            ]),
+          ].join(' ');
+        },
       };
     }
-    get isConnected() { return this === document.body || Boolean(this.parentNode?.isConnected); }
-    get firstElementChild() { return this.children[0] || null; }
-    get nextElementSibling() { return this.parentNode?.children[this.parentNode.children.indexOf(this) + 1] || null; }
-    get textContent() { return this._text + this.children.map((node) => node.textContent).join(''); }
-    set textContent(value) { this.replaceChildren(); this._text = String(value); }
-    setAttribute(name, value) { this.attributes.set(name, String(value)); }
-    getAttribute(name) { return this.attributes.get(name) ?? null; }
-    contains(node) { return this === node || this.children.some((child) => child.contains(node)); }
-    append(...nodes) { for (const node of nodes) this.insertBefore(node, null); }
+    get isConnected() {
+      return this === document.body || Boolean(this.parentNode?.isConnected);
+    }
+    get firstElementChild() {
+      return this.children[0] || null;
+    }
+    get nextElementSibling() {
+      return (
+        this.parentNode?.children[this.parentNode.children.indexOf(this) + 1] ||
+        null
+      );
+    }
+    get textContent() {
+      return (
+        this._text + this.children.map((node) => node.textContent).join('')
+      );
+    }
+    set textContent(value) {
+      this.replaceChildren();
+      this._text = String(value);
+    }
+    setAttribute(name, value) {
+      this.attributes.set(name, String(value));
+    }
+    getAttribute(name) {
+      return this.attributes.get(name) ?? null;
+    }
+    contains(node) {
+      return (
+        this === node || this.children.some((child) => child.contains(node))
+      );
+    }
+    append(...nodes) {
+      for (const node of nodes) this.insertBefore(node, null);
+    }
     insertBefore(node, anchor) {
-      assert.ok(anchor === null || anchor.parentNode === this, 'insert anchor belongs to its parent');
+      assert.ok(
+        anchor === null || anchor.parentNode === this,
+        'insert anchor belongs to its parent',
+      );
       if (node === anchor) return node;
       node.remove();
-      const index = anchor === null ? this.children.length : this.children.indexOf(anchor);
+      const index =
+        anchor === null ? this.children.length : this.children.indexOf(anchor);
       this.children.splice(index, 0, node);
       node.parentNode = this;
       return node;
@@ -49,7 +88,10 @@ function fixture() {
         document.activeElement = document.body;
         focusLosses += 1;
       }
-      this.parentNode.children.splice(this.parentNode.children.indexOf(this), 1);
+      this.parentNode.children.splice(
+        this.parentNode.children.indexOf(this),
+        1,
+      );
       this.parentNode = null;
     }
     replaceChildren(...nodes) {
@@ -59,20 +101,32 @@ function fixture() {
     }
     matches(selector) {
       if (selector === 'button[data-signal-layer][data-signal-id]') {
-        return this.tagName === 'BUTTON' && this.dataset.signalLayer != null && this.dataset.signalId != null;
+        return (
+          this.tagName === 'BUTTON' &&
+          this.dataset.signalLayer != null &&
+          this.dataset.signalId != null
+        );
       }
-      return selector.startsWith('.') ? this.className.split(/\s+/).includes(selector.slice(1))
+      return selector.startsWith('.')
+        ? this.className.split(/\s+/).includes(selector.slice(1))
         : this.tagName === selector.toUpperCase();
     }
     closest(selector) {
-      for (let node = this; node; node = node.parentNode) if (node.matches(selector)) return node;
+      for (let node = this; node; node = node.parentNode)
+        if (node.matches(selector)) return node;
       return null;
     }
     querySelectorAll(selector) {
-      return this.children.flatMap((child) => [ ...(child.matches(selector) ? [child] : []), ...child.querySelectorAll(selector) ]);
+      return this.children.flatMap((child) => [
+        ...(child.matches(selector) ? [child] : []),
+        ...child.querySelectorAll(selector),
+      ]);
     }
     focus() {
-      assert.ok(this.isConnected, 'a focus destination must still be connected');
+      assert.ok(
+        this.isConnected,
+        'a focus destination must still be connected',
+      );
       focusCalls += 1;
       document.activeElement = this;
     }
@@ -85,7 +139,11 @@ function fixture() {
   controller.services = { formatAwarenessLabel };
   controller.signalList = new Node('ol');
   controller.signalToggle = new Node('button');
-  controller.briefTabs = [new Node('button'), new Node('button'), new Node('button')];
+  controller.briefTabs = [
+    new Node('button'),
+    new Node('button'),
+    new Node('button'),
+  ];
   controller.briefPageIndex = 0;
   controller.signalItems = [];
   controller.signalSignatures = new Map();
@@ -93,64 +151,131 @@ function fixture() {
   const display = new Node('button');
   const radio = new Node('button');
   const outside = new Node('button');
-  document.body.append(controller.signalToggle, controller.signalList, ...controller.briefTabs, display, radio, outside);
+  document.body.append(
+    controller.signalToggle,
+    controller.signalList,
+    ...controller.briefTabs,
+    display,
+    radio,
+    outside,
+  );
   const selected = [];
-  controller.services.militaryAwarenessLayer = { focusTarget: (...args) => selected.push(args) };
-  const click = event => controller.handleSignalClick(event);
+  controller.services.militaryAwarenessLayer = {
+    focusTarget: (...args) => selected.push(args),
+  };
+  const click = (event) => controller.handleSignalClick(event);
   const buttons = () => controller.signalList.querySelectorAll('button');
   const tab = () => {
     const nodes = document.body.querySelectorAll('button');
     const index = nodes.indexOf(document.activeElement);
     nodes[(index + 1) % nodes.length].focus();
   };
-  return { controller, document, buttons, display, radio, outside, selected, click, tab,
-    losses: () => focusLosses, focusCalls: () => focusCalls };
+  return {
+    controller,
+    document,
+    buttons,
+    display,
+    radio,
+    outside,
+    selected,
+    click,
+    tab,
+    losses: () => focusLosses,
+    focusCalls: () => focusCalls,
+  };
 }
 
 const item = (id, overrides = {}) => ({
-  key: `flight:flights:${id}`, tone: 'nearby', title: `Flight ${id}`, detail: 'COMMERCIAL FLIGHT · 2 KM',
-  target: { layerId: 'flights', id }, timestamp: 1_700_000_000_000, ...overrides,
+  key: `flight:flights:${id}`,
+  tone: 'nearby',
+  title: `Flight ${id}`,
+  detail: 'COMMERCIAL FLIGHT · 2 KM',
+  target: { layerId: 'flights', id },
+  timestamp: 1_700_000_000_000,
+  ...overrides,
 });
-const render = (f, items) => { f.controller.signalItems = items; f.controller.renderCockpitSignals(); };
+const render = (f, items) => {
+  f.controller.signalItems = items;
+  f.controller.renderCockpitSignals();
+};
 const snapshot = (distanceM = 2000) => ({
   evaluatedAt: 1_700_000_000_000,
   subject: { layerId: 'flights', id: 'current', label: 'CURRENT' },
-  cohorts: [{ id: 'flights', count: 1, nearest: [{ id: 'nearby', label: 'NEARBY', distanceM }] }],
+  cohorts: [
+    {
+      id: 'flights',
+      count: 1,
+      nearest: [{ id: 'nearby', label: 'NEARBY', distanceM }],
+    },
+  ],
 });
 
 test('actual Context refresh retains the focused signal button across unchanged and changed details', () => {
   const f = fixture();
   f.controller.updateCockpitSignals(snapshot(), 0);
-  const target = f.buttons()[1]; target.focus();
+  const target = f.buttons()[1];
+  target.focus();
   const calls = f.focusCalls();
-  for (let tick = 0; tick < 8; tick += 1) f.controller.updateCockpitSignals(snapshot(2500), 0);
+  for (let tick = 0; tick < 8; tick += 1)
+    f.controller.updateCockpitSignals(snapshot(2500), 0);
   assert.equal(f.buttons()[1], target);
   assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, target);
   assert.equal(f.losses(), 0);
-  assert.equal(f.focusCalls(), calls, 'refresh must preserve focus without repeatedly restoring it');
-  assert.match(f.controller.signalList.textContent, /2\.5 KM/);
+  assert.equal(
+    f.focusCalls(),
+    calls,
+    'refresh must preserve focus without repeatedly restoring it',
+  );
+  assert.match(f.controller.signalList.textContent, /2\.5\u00a0KM/);
 });
 
 test('signal content and accessible name update without replacing the active target', () => {
-  const f = fixture(); render(f, [item('a')]);
-  const target = f.buttons()[0]; target.focus();
-  render(f, [item('a', { title: 'RENAMED', tone: 'track', detail: 'CURRENT', timestamp: 1_700_000_001_000 })]);
+  const f = fixture();
+  render(f, [item('a')]);
+  const target = f.buttons()[0];
+  target.focus();
+  render(f, [
+    item('a', {
+      title: 'RENAMED',
+      tone: 'track',
+      detail: 'CURRENT',
+      timestamp: 1_700_000_001_000,
+    }),
+  ]);
   assert.equal(f.buttons()[0], target);
   assert.equal(target.getAttribute('aria-label'), 'Select flight RENAMED');
   assert.match(target.textContent, /RENAMED/);
   assert.match(f.controller.signalList.textContent, /CURRENT/);
-  assert.equal(f.controller.signalList.children[0].className, 'track actionable');
+  assert.equal(
+    f.controller.signalList.children[0].className,
+    'track actionable',
+  );
   assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, target);
   assert.equal(f.losses(), 0);
 });
 
 test('signal ranking changes move surrounding rows without disconnecting the focused row', () => {
-  const f = fixture(); render(f, ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'].map((id) => item(id)));
-  const target = f.buttons()[1]; target.focus();
+  const f = fixture();
+  render(
+    f,
+    ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'].map((id) => item(id)),
+  );
+  const target = f.buttons()[1];
+  target.focus();
   const calls = f.focusCalls();
-  for (const order of [['d', 'c', 'b', 'a'], ['b', 'c', 'd', 'a'], ['a', 'd', 'c', 'b']]) {
-    render(f, order.map((id) => item(id)));
-    assert.deepEqual(f.buttons().map((button) => button.dataset.signalId), order);
+  for (const order of [
+    ['d', 'c', 'b', 'a'],
+    ['b', 'c', 'd', 'a'],
+    ['a', 'd', 'c', 'b'],
+  ]) {
+    render(
+      f,
+      order.map((id) => item(id)),
+    );
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      f.buttons().map((button) => button.dataset.signalId),
+      order,
+    );
     assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, target);
     assert.equal(f.losses(), 0);
   }
@@ -158,37 +283,65 @@ test('signal ranking changes move surrounding rows without disconnecting the foc
 });
 
 test('a new pushed signal preserves existing focus and delegated selection reads the current target', () => {
-  const f = fixture(); render(f, [item('a'), item('b')]);
-  const target = f.buttons()[1]; target.focus();
-  f.controller.pushCockpitSignal('status', 'warning', 'INPUT UNKNOWN', 'SOURCE UNAVAILABLE');
+  const f = fixture();
+  render(f, [item('a'), item('b')]);
+  const target = f.buttons()[1];
+  target.focus();
+  f.controller.pushCockpitSignal(
+    'status',
+    'warning',
+    'INPUT UNKNOWN',
+    'SOURCE UNAVAILABLE',
+  );
   assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, target);
   assert.equal(f.losses(), 0);
-  const event = { target: target.children[0], prevented: false, preventDefault() { this.prevented = true; } };
+  const event = {
+    target: target.children[0],
+    prevented: false,
+    preventDefault() {
+      this.prevented = true;
+    },
+  };
   f.click(event);
   assert.equal(event.prevented, true);
   assert.deepEqual(f.selected, [['flights', 'b', { origin: 'user' }]]);
 });
 
 test('removing the focused identity uses the existing briefing tab once and permits forward traversal', () => {
-  const f = fixture(); render(f, [item('a'), item('b')]);
-  const removed = f.buttons()[1]; removed.focus();
+  const f = fixture();
+  render(f, [item('a'), item('b')]);
+  const removed = f.buttons()[1];
+  removed.focus();
   const calls = f.focusCalls();
   render(f, [item('a')]);
   assert.equal(removed.isConnected, false);
   assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, f.controller.briefTabs[0]);
   assert.equal(f.focusCalls(), calls + 1);
-  f.tab(); f.tab(); f.tab();
+  f.tab();
+  f.tab();
+  f.tab();
   assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, f.display);
   render(f, [item('a', { detail: 'UPDATED' })]);
-  assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, f.display, 'later refresh must not pull focus back');
+  assert.equal(
+    f.document.activeElement,
+    f.display,
+    'later refresh must not pull focus back',
+  );
   f.tab();
   assert.equal(f.document.activeElement, f.radio);
 });
 
 test('a changed target cannot reuse a focused action for another flight', () => {
-  const f = fixture(); render(f, [item('a', { key: 'shared-status-key' })]);
-  const removed = f.buttons()[0]; removed.focus();
-  render(f, [item('b', { key: 'shared-status-key', target: { layerId: 'military', id: 'b' } })]);
+  const f = fixture();
+  render(f, [item('a', { key: 'shared-status-key' })]);
+  const removed = f.buttons()[0];
+  removed.focus();
+  render(f, [
+    item('b', {
+      key: 'shared-status-key',
+      target: { layerId: 'military', id: 'b' },
+    }),
+  ]);
   const target = f.buttons()[0];
   assert.notEqual(target, removed);
   assert.equal(removed.isConnected, false);

src/contextModePolicy.js

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { msg } from './i18n/marker.js';
+
 const CONTEXT_DEPENDENCIES = Object.freeze({
   flights: new Set([
     'military-awareness',
@@ -9,6 +11,12 @@ const CONTEXT_DEPENDENCIES = Object.freeze({
   'space-missions': new Set(['rocket-launches', 'satellites']),
 });
 const CONTEXT_COMPANIONS = new Set(['radio']);
+/** The Space Missions refusal, with the blocked layer's name as {layer}. */
+export const SPACE_MISSIONS_LAYER_BLOCK_REASON = msg(
+  'Space Missions isolates replay data. Exit the mode to enable {layer}.',
+);
+const [BLOCK_REASON_PREFIX, BLOCK_REASON_SUFFIX] =
+  SPACE_MISSIONS_LAYER_BLOCK_REASON.split('{layer}');
 /** Return whether an origin represents a direct user choice on this route. */
 export function isExplicitUserIntentOrigin(origin, layerId = null) {
   return origin === 'user' || origin === 'voice';
@@ -336,7 +344,30 @@ export function contextLayerEnableBlockReason({
     return null;
   }
   const label = String(layerName || change.layerId || 'that layer');
-  return `Space Missions isolates replay data. Exit the mode to enable ${label}.`;
+  return SPACE_MISSIONS_LAYER_BLOCK_REASON.replace('{layer}', label);
+}
+
+/**
+ * The layer name from a Space Missions refusal, so the UI can rebuild the
+ * sentence in its language.
+ * @param {string} reason
+ * @returns {{layer: string}|null} The blocked layer's name, or null when the
+ *   reason is not a Space Missions refusal.
+ */
+export function parseContextLayerBlockReason(reason) {
+  if (
+    typeof reason !== 'string' ||
+    !reason.startsWith(BLOCK_REASON_PREFIX) ||
+    !reason.endsWith(BLOCK_REASON_SUFFIX) ||
+    reason.length <= BLOCK_REASON_PREFIX.length + BLOCK_REASON_SUFFIX.length
+  )
+    return null;
+  return {
+    layer: reason.slice(
+      BLOCK_REASON_PREFIX.length,
+      reason.length - BLOCK_REASON_SUFFIX.length,
+    ),
+  };
 }
 
 /**

src/creditKeyboard.js

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * Adds the keyboard semantics omitted by Cesium's href-less attribution links.
  * Cesium retains ownership of showing and hiding its required credit lightbox.
  */
+import { getLocale, t } from './i18n/index.js';
+
 export function configureCreditKeyboardAccess(root = document) {
   const expand = root?.querySelector?.(
     '#cesium-credits .cesium-credit-expand-link',
@@ -11,6 +13,14 @@ export function configureCreditKeyboardAccess(root = document) {
   if (!expand || !lightbox || !close) return false;
   const overlay = lightbox.parentElement;
 
+  // Cesium writes these two texts in English once, when it builds the credit
+  // display, and never rewrites them; English keeps Cesium's own text.
+  if (getLocale() !== 'en') {
+    expand.textContent = t('Data attribution');
+    const title = lightbox.querySelector?.('.cesium-credit-lightbox-title');
+    if (title) title.textContent = t('Data provided by:');
+  }
+
   if (!lightbox.id) lightbox.id = 'cesium-credit-lightbox';
   expand.setAttribute('role', 'button');
   expand.setAttribute('tabindex', '0');
@@ -19,7 +29,7 @@ export function configureCreditKeyboardAccess(root = document) {
   expand.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
   close.setAttribute('role', 'button');
   close.setAttribute('tabindex', '0');
-  close.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Close data attribution');
+  close.setAttribute('aria-label', t('Close data attribution'));
 
   if (expand.dataset.gevKeyboardReady === 'true') return true;
   expand.dataset.gevKeyboardReady = 'true';

src/creditKeyboard.test.mjs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import { configureCreditKeyboardAccess } from './creditKeyboard.js';
+import { setLocale } from './i18n/index.js';
 
 function fakeElement() {
   const attributes = new Map();
@@ -186,3 +187,37 @@ test('credit keyboard setup is idempotent and safely declines incomplete markup'
   assert.equal(f.overlay.listenerCount('click'), 1);
   assert.equal(configureCreditKeyboardAccess({ querySelector: () => null }), false);
 });
+
+function textFixture() {
+  const f = fixture();
+  const title = fakeElement();
+  title.textContent = 'Data provided by:';
+  f.expand.textContent = 'Data attribution';
+  f.lightbox.querySelector = (selector) =>
+    selector === '.cesium-credit-lightbox-title' ? title : f.close;
+  return { ...f, title };
+}
+
+test('English keeps Cesium attribution texts', () => {
+  setLocale('en');
+  const f = textFixture();
+  configureCreditKeyboardAccess(f.root);
+  assert.equal(f.expand.textContent, 'Data attribution');
+  assert.equal(f.title.textContent, 'Data provided by:');
+});
+
+for (const [locale, link, title] of [
+  ['ru', 'Источники данных', 'Данные предоставлены:'],
+  ['es', 'Atribución de datos', 'Datos proporcionados por:'],
+])
+  test(`${locale}: Cesium attribution link and lightbox title are translated`, () => {
+    setLocale(locale);
+    try {
+      const f = textFixture();
+      configureCreditKeyboardAccess(f.root);
+      assert.equal(f.expand.textContent, link);
+      assert.equal(f.title.textContent, title);
+    } finally {
+      setLocale('en');
+    }
+  });

src/data/aircraftClass.js

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
  * integer category (states index 17) and ADS-B emitter strings ("A1".."B1").
  */
 
+import { msg } from '../i18n/marker.js';
+
 const HELI = new Set([
   'EC20',
   'EC25',
@@ -438,18 +440,18 @@ export function classifyAircraft({ typeCode, category } = {}) {
   return 'airliner';
 }
 
-/** Readable name of each class, for cards and readouts. */
+/** Readable name of each class, for cards and readouts (English data). */
 export const AIRCRAFT_CLASS_LABELS = Object.freeze({
-  light: 'Light aircraft',
-  glider: 'Glider',
-  turboprop: 'Turboprop',
-  airliner: 'Airliner',
-  widebody: 'Widebody',
-  quadjet: 'Four-engine jet',
-  helicopter: 'Helicopter',
-  fastjet: 'Fast jet',
-  bizjet: 'Business jet',
-  uav: 'Drone',
+  light: msg('Light aircraft'),
+  glider: msg('Glider'),
+  turboprop: msg('Turboprop'),
+  airliner: msg('Airliner'),
+  widebody: msg('Widebody'),
+  quadjet: msg('Four-engine jet'),
+  helicopter: msg('Helicopter'),
+  fastjet: msg('Fast jet'),
+  bizjet: msg('Business jet'),
+  uav: msg('Drone'),
 });
 
 /** Billboard scale multipliers (skylight GLYPH_SCALE, + fastjet). */

src/data/aircraftEmergency.js

@@ -13,18 +13,23 @@
  * broadcast, which does not confirm an incident or its resolution.
  */
 
+import { msg } from '../i18n/marker.js';
+
 /** @constant {string} Tint for aircraft broadcasting an emergency (not a priority). */
 export const EMERGENCY_TINT_CSS = '#FF4444';
 
 const SQUAWK_KINDS = { 7500: 'unlawful', 7600: 'nordo', 7700: 'general' };
 
 const KINDS = {
-  general: { label: 'General emergency', severity: 'emergency' },
-  unlawful: { label: 'Unlawful interference', severity: 'emergency' },
-  nordo: { label: 'Radio failure', severity: 'emergency' },
-  downed: { label: 'Downed aircraft', severity: 'emergency' },
-  minfuel: { label: 'Minimum fuel', severity: 'priority' },
-  lifeguard: { label: 'Lifeguard (medical priority)', severity: 'priority' },
+  general: { label: msg('General emergency'), severity: 'emergency' },
+  unlawful: { label: msg('Unlawful interference'), severity: 'emergency' },
+  nordo: { label: msg('Radio failure'), severity: 'emergency' },
+  downed: { label: msg('Downed aircraft'), severity: 'emergency' },
+  minfuel: { label: msg('Minimum fuel'), severity: 'priority' },
+  lifeguard: {
+    label: msg('Lifeguard (medical priority)'),
+    severity: 'priority',
+  },
 };
 
 /**

src/data/aisWatchdog.js

@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
     if (!env.hasKey) {
       const actions = terminateOwned('key-absent');
       status = 'missing-key';
+      // i18n-ignore: server detail; layers/vessels/queries.js shows a translated reason
       error = 'AISSTREAM_API_KEY is not set';
       reconnectAttempt = 0;
       keyFingerprint = null;
@@ -257,6 +258,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
     if (env.hasTransport === false) {
       const actions = terminateOwned('no-transport');
       status = 'unsupported';
+      // i18n-ignore: server detail; layers/vessels/queries.js shows a translated reason
       error = 'Node WebSocket transport is unavailable';
       return actions;
     }
@@ -329,6 +331,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
       if (!silenceWatchArmed) return [];
       const silentFor = monoNow - silenceSinceMono;
       if (silentFor >= recycleAfterMs) {
+        // i18n-ignore: server detail; layers/vessels/queries.js shows a translated reason
         error = `AISStream delivered no data for ${Math.round(silentFor / 1000)}s`;
         const actions = terminateOwned('silent');
         scheduleRetry('transport');
@@ -401,6 +404,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
   function onClose(eventGeneration) {
     if (!ownsGeneration(eventGeneration)) return [];
     release();
+    // i18n-ignore: server detail; layers/vessels/queries.js shows a translated reason
     if (!error) error = 'AISStream websocket closed';
     scheduleRetry('transport');
     return [];

src/data/approxDistance.js

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/**
+ * Local equirectangular distance in km, for viewer-proximity gates. Takes the
+ * short way round, so points either side of 180° stay close.
+ */
+export function approxDistanceKm(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
+  const dLat = (lat2 - lat1) * 111.32;
+  let dLonDeg = lon2 - lon1;
+  dLonDeg -= 360 * Math.round(dLonDeg / 360);
+  const dLon =
+    dLonDeg * 111.32 * Math.cos((((lat1 + lat2) / 2) * Math.PI) / 180);
+  return Math.hypot(dLat, dLon);
+}

src/data/bhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t, msg } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 const YOUTUBE_HOSTS = new Set([
   'youtube.com',
@@ -39,6 +40,55 @@ const MEDIA_PRECONNECT_ORIGINS = Object.freeze({
   facebook: Object.freeze(['https://www.facebook.com']),
 });
 
+// Known English from public/events/bhote-koshi-2026/event.json, translated at
+// display (whole or by " · " parts). Anything else shows as authored.
+const EVENT_PACK_TEXT = new Set([
+  // Field reports: our labels (credits after " · " stay) and their statuses.
+  msg('Rasuwagadhi witness video'),
+  msg('Bhote Koshi valley footage'),
+  msg('Flood footage'),
+  msg('Compilation and casualty claims'),
+  msg('SOURCE GEOCONFIRMED · WORLD-PINNED'),
+  msg('SOURCE CREDITED · LOCATION UNRESOLVED'),
+  msg('REFERENCE ONLY · CLAIMS UNVERIFIED'),
+  msg('SOURCE GEOCONFIRMED'),
+  // Reconstruction caveat.
+  msg(
+    '2021 historical reference versus 2026 post-event imagery; changes are cumulative and include the July 2025 Rasuwagadhi flood. Schematic downstream progression, not modeled arrival time; not an official hazard model.',
+  ),
+  // Evidence titles that are more than a place name.
+  msg('Immediate collapse viewpoint'),
+  msg('Collapse viewpoint'),
+  msg('Debris-dammed lake'),
+  msg('Dammed lake'),
+  msg('Second landslide'),
+  msg('Gyirong border gate'),
+  msg('Border gate'),
+  msg('Timure evidence cluster'),
+  msg('Mailung / Upper Trishuli bridge'),
+  msg('Dandagaun viewpoint restaurant'),
+  msg('Dandagaun viewpoint'),
+  msg('Bidur - Trishuli bridge'),
+  msg('Bidur bridge'),
+  msg('Devighat / Taadi Khola Bridge'),
+  msg('Devighat bridge'),
+]);
+
+/**
+ * Display text for an authored event-pack string.
+ * @param {unknown} value
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+export function bhoteEventText(value) {
+  const text = value == null ? '' : String(value);
+  if (EVENT_PACK_TEXT.has(text)) return t(text);
+  if (!text.includes(' · ')) return text;
+  return text
+    .split(' · ')
+    .map((part) => (EVENT_PACK_TEXT.has(part) ? t(part) : part))
+    .join(' · ');
+}
+
 let _xWidgetsPromise = null;
 let _facebookSdkPromise = null;
 let _facebookEmbedSequence = 0;
@@ -240,7 +290,7 @@ function loadFacebookSdk(documentRef, globalRef = globalThis) {
         prior?.();
       } finally {
         if (facebookSdkReady(globalRef.FB)) finish();
-        else finish(new Error('Facebook player API did not initialize.'));
+        else finish(new Error(msg('Facebook player API did not initialize.')));
       }
     };
     globalRef.fbAsyncInit = ready;
@@ -256,12 +306,12 @@ function loadFacebookSdk(documentRef, globalRef = globalThis) {
     }
     script.addEventListener?.(
       'error',
-      () => finish(new Error('Facebook player API could not load.')),
+      () => finish(new Error(msg('Facebook player API could not load.'))),
       { once: true },
     );
     timer =
       globalRef.setTimeout?.(
-        () => finish(new Error('Facebook player API timed out.')),
+        () => finish(new Error(msg('Facebook player API timed out.'))),
         EMBED_TIMEOUT_MS,
       ) ?? null;
   }).catch((error) => {
@@ -398,7 +448,7 @@ function loadXWidgets(documentRef, globalRef = globalThis) {
     };
     const ready = () => {
       if (xWidgetsReady(globalRef.twttr)) finish();
-      else finish(new Error('X embed API did not initialize.'));
+      else finish(new Error(msg('X embed API did not initialize.')));
     };
     let script = documentRef.querySelector?.(`script[src="${X_WIDGET_URL}"]`);
     if (!script) {
@@ -411,7 +461,7 @@ function loadXWidgets(documentRef, globalRef = globalThis) {
     }
     script.addEventListener?.(
       'error',
-      () => finish(new Error('X embed could not load.')),
+      () => finish(new Error(msg('X embed could not load.'))),
       {
         once: true,
       },
@@ -440,7 +490,7 @@ function loadXWidgets(documentRef, globalRef = globalThis) {
         },
       );
     timer = setTimeout(
-      () => finish(new Error('X embed timed out.')),
+      () => finish(new Error(msg('X embed timed out.'))),
       EMBED_TIMEOUT_MS,
     );
   }).catch((error) => {
@@ -450,9 +500,17 @@ function loadXWidgets(documentRef, globalRef = globalThis) {
   return _xWidgetsPromise;
 }
 
+// Outcomes a trimmed YouTube clip reports to the card status.
+const YOUTUBE_PHASE_LABELS = Object.freeze({
+  unavailable: msg('UNAVAILABLE'),
+  timeout: msg('TIMEOUT'),
+  blocked: msg('BLOCKED'),
+});
+
 function providerLabel(provider) {
   return (
-    { youtube: 'YOUTUBE', facebook: 'FACEBOOK', x: 'X' }[provider] || 'SOURCE'
+    { youtube: 'YOUTUBE', facebook: 'FACEBOOK', x: 'X' }[provider] ||
+    t('SOURCE')
   );
 }
 
@@ -737,7 +795,9 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
           globalRef.setTimeout?.(() => {
             if (!session.active || session.ready) return;
             session.error = new Error(
-              'Facebook embed unavailable. The post may be private, removed, region-restricted, or blocked.',
+              msg(
+                'Facebook embed unavailable. The post may be private, removed, region-restricted, or blocked.',
+              ),
             );
             session.onError?.(session.error);
           }, EMBED_TIMEOUT_MS) ?? null;
@@ -857,7 +917,9 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
       startAtSec,
       endAtSec,
     });
-    iframe.title = `Preloading ${providerLabel(source.provider)} media`;
+    iframe.title = t('Preloading {provider} media', {
+      provider: providerLabel(source.provider),
+    });
     iframe.tabIndex = -1;
     iframe.setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
     iframe.loading = 'eager';
@@ -868,7 +930,7 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
   }
 
   async function mountX(current, token) {
-    current.status.textContent = 'LOADING X POST…';
+    current.status.textContent = t('LOADING X POST…');
     try {
       const api = await xLoader(documentRef, globalRef);
       if (token !== generation || record !== current) return;
@@ -885,13 +947,17 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
       );
       if (token !== generation || record !== current) return;
       if (!widget)
-        throw new Error('The X post is unavailable or cannot be embedded.');
-      current.status.textContent = 'X POST · PROVIDER CONTROLS';
+        throw new Error(
+          msg('The X post is unavailable or cannot be embedded.'),
+        );
+      current.status.textContent = t('X POST · PROVIDER CONTROLS');
       position();
     } catch (error) {
       if (token !== generation || record !== current) return;
       current.card.classList.add('is-unavailable');
-      current.status.textContent = `${String(error?.message || 'X embed unavailable')} OPEN ORIGINAL.`;
+      current.status.textContent = t('{reason} OPEN ORIGINAL.', {
+        reason: t(String(error?.message || msg('X embed unavailable'))),
+      });
       position();
     }
   }
@@ -904,19 +970,23 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
     session.shouldPlay = autoplay === true;
     session.onReady = () => {
       if (token !== generation || record !== current) return;
-      current.status.textContent = 'FACEBOOK · PROVIDER CONTROLS';
+      current.status.textContent = t('FACEBOOK · PROVIDER CONTROLS');
       current.card.classList.remove('is-unavailable');
       position();
     };
     session.onError = (error) => {
       if (token !== generation || record !== current) return;
       current.card.classList.add('is-unavailable');
-      current.status.textContent = `${String(error?.message || 'Facebook embed unavailable')} OPEN ORIGINAL.`;
+      current.status.textContent = t('{reason} OPEN ORIGINAL.', {
+        reason: t(String(error?.message || msg('Facebook embed unavailable'))),
+      });
       position();
     };
     session.onPlaybackBlocked = () => {
       if (token !== generation || record !== current) return;
-      current.status.textContent = 'AUTOPLAY BLOCKED · USE PROVIDER CONTROLS';
+      current.status.textContent = t(
+        'AUTOPLAY BLOCKED · USE PROVIDER CONTROLS',
+      );
     };
     if (session.ready) session.onReady();
     else if (session.error) session.onError(session.error);
@@ -968,7 +1038,12 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
     card.dataset.provider = source.provider;
     card.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      `Embedded ${providerLabel(source.provider)} media for ${observation?.title || 'witness source'}`,
+      t('Embedded {provider} media for {source}', {
+        provider: providerLabel(source.provider),
+        source: observation?.title
+          ? bhoteEventText(observation.title)
+          : t('witness source'),
+      }),
     );
     const leader = documentRef.createElementNS(
       'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg',
@@ -982,17 +1057,19 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
     player.className = 'bhote-embedded-callout-player';
     const footer = documentRef.createElement('footer');
     const title = documentRef.createElement('strong');
-    title.textContent = String(
-      observation?.shortTitle || observation?.title || 'Witness source',
+    title.textContent = bhoteEventText(
+      observation?.shortTitle || observation?.title || t('Witness source'),
     ).toUpperCase();
     const status = documentRef.createElement('small');
     status.setAttribute('role', 'status');
-    status.textContent = `${providerLabel(source.provider)} · EMBEDDED SOURCE`;
+    status.textContent = t('{provider} · EMBEDDED SOURCE', {
+      provider: providerLabel(source.provider),
+    });
     const link = documentRef.createElement('a');
     link.href = source.url;
     link.target = '_blank';
     link.rel = 'noopener noreferrer';
-    link.textContent = 'OPEN ORIGINAL ↗';
+    link.textContent = t('OPEN ORIGINAL ↗');
     footer.append(title, status, link);
     const body = documentRef.createElement('div');
     body.className = 'bhote-embedded-callout-body';
@@ -1032,7 +1109,12 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
           url.searchParams.set('origin', globalRef.location.origin);
         iframe.src = url.href;
       }
-      iframe.title = `${providerLabel(source.provider)} media: ${observation?.title || 'witness source'}`;
+      iframe.title = t('{provider} media: {source}', {
+        provider: providerLabel(source.provider),
+        source: observation?.title
+          ? bhoteEventText(observation.title)
+          : t('witness source'),
+      });
       iframe.allow =
         'autoplay; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; fullscreen';
       iframe.allowFullscreen = true;
@@ -1049,7 +1131,9 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
               record.youtubeSession.getState().phase,
             )
           ) {
-            status.textContent = `${providerLabel(source.provider)} · PROVIDER CONTROLS`;
+            status.textContent = t('{provider} · PROVIDER CONTROLS', {
+              provider: providerLabel(source.provider),
+            });
           }
           position();
         },
@@ -1067,7 +1151,11 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia({
           isCurrent: () => token === generation && record === current,
           onStatus: (phase) => {
             if (phase !== 'completed')
-              status.textContent = `YOUTUBE ${phase.toUpperCase()} · OPEN ORIGINAL`;
+              status.textContent = t('YOUTUBE {state} · OPEN ORIGINAL', {
+                state: YOUTUBE_PHASE_LABELS[phase]
+                  ? t(YOUTUBE_PHASE_LABELS[phase])
+                  : phase.toUpperCase(),
+              });
           },
         });
       }

src/data/bhoteKoshiEvent.js

@@ -19,11 +19,13 @@ import {
   SOURCE_PATH_BEAT_IDS,
 } from './bhoteKoshiShotPaths.js';
 import {
+  bhoteEventText,
   createBhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia,
   resolveEmbeddedMediaSource,
 } from './bhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia.js';
 import { acquireImageryComparison } from '../maps/imageryComparison.js';
 import { createImagerySplit } from '../ui/imagerySplit.js';
+import { formatDate, t, tn, msg } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 export const BHOTE_KOSHI_LAYER_ID = 'bhote-koshi-2026';
 export const BHOTE_KOSHI_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID = 'bhote-koshi-witnesses';
@@ -384,13 +386,90 @@ export function adjacentEvidenceIndex(progress, timeline, direction) {
   return Math.max(0, Math.min(beats.length - 1, current + delta));
 }
 
+// Evidence phases from the event pack, shown as the beat meta prefix.
+const EVIDENCE_PHASE_LABELS = Object.freeze({
+  initiation: msg('INITIATION'),
+  damming: msg('DAMMING'),
+  'secondary failure': msg('SECONDARY FAILURE'),
+  'border arrival': msg('BORDER ARRIVAL'),
+  propagation: msg('PROPAGATION'),
+  'downstream passage': msg('DOWNSTREAM PASSAGE'),
+  consequence: msg('CONSEQUENCE'),
+  'downstream consequence': msg('DOWNSTREAM CONSEQUENCE'),
+});
+
+/** Display label for an evidence phase; unknown phases show as authored. */
+function evidencePhaseLabel(phase) {
+  const label = EVIDENCE_PHASE_LABELS[String(phase || '').toLowerCase()];
+  if (label) return t(label);
+  return phase ? String(phase).toUpperCase() : t('EVIDENCE');
+}
+
+// Imagery endpoint names from the event pack ("2021 HISTORICAL REFERENCE ·
+// 16 OCT 2021"); unknown names and unparseable dates show as authored.
+const IMAGERY_LABEL_NAMES = Object.freeze([
+  [/^(\d{4}) HISTORICAL REFERENCE$/, msg('{year} HISTORICAL REFERENCE')],
+  [/^(\d{4}) POST-EVENT$/, msg('{year} POST-EVENT')],
+]);
+
+/** Day, short month and year in the active language: 16 OCT 2021, 16 ОКТ. 2021. */
+function imageryDateText(observedAt) {
+  const match = /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})$/.exec(String(observedAt || ''));
+  if (!match) return '';
+  const date = new Date(Date.UTC(+match[1], +match[2] - 1, +match[3]));
+  if (Number.isNaN(date.getTime())) return '';
+  const part = (options) => formatDate(date, { timeZone: 'UTC', ...options });
+  return `${part({ day: 'numeric' })} ${part({ month: 'short' })} ${part({ year: 'numeric' })}`.toUpperCase();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Localized name and date of an imagery endpoint for display.
+ * @param {{label?: string, observedAt?: string}} entry
+ * @returns {{name: string, date: string}}
+ */
+export function imageryEndpointLabel(entry) {
+  const label = String(entry?.label || '');
+  const split = label.lastIndexOf(' · ');
+  const authoredName = split >= 0 ? label.slice(0, split) : label;
+  const authoredDate = split >= 0 ? label.slice(split + 3) : '';
+  let name = authoredName;
+  for (const [pattern, message] of IMAGERY_LABEL_NAMES) {
+    const match = pattern.exec(authoredName);
+    if (match) name = t(message, { year: match[1] });
+  }
+  return { name, date: imageryDateText(entry?.observedAt) || authoredDate };
+}
+
+function imageryEndpointText(entry) {
+  const { name, date } = imageryEndpointLabel(entry);
+  return [name, date].filter(Boolean).join(' · ');
+}
+
+/** Name, then the date kept on one line so the year never wraps alone. */
+function renderImageryEndpoint(element, entry) {
+  if (!element) return;
+  const { name, date } = imageryEndpointLabel(entry);
+  element.textContent = date ? `${name} · ` : name;
+  if (!date) return;
+  const dateElement = document.createElement('span');
+  dateElement.className = 'bhote-event-date';
+  dateElement.textContent = date;
+  element.appendChild(dateElement);
+}
+
 /** Compact, source-bounded disclosure for multi-source geolocation beats. */
 export function evidenceCorroborationLabel(observation) {
   const count = Math.max(
     0,
     Math.floor(Number(observation?.corroboration?.sourceCount) || 0),
   );
-  return count > 1 ? `${count} GEOLOCATED SOURCE-MAP PLACEMENTS` : '';
+  return count > 1
+    ? tn(
+        count,
+        '{count} GEOLOCATED SOURCE-MAP PLACEMENT',
+        '{count} GEOLOCATED SOURCE-MAP PLACEMENTS',
+      )
+    : '';
 }
 
 /** Interpolate headings across north using the shortest angular path. */
@@ -641,7 +720,7 @@ function drawEvidenceFallback(ctx, observation, width, height) {
   }
   ctx.fillStyle = WORLD_OVERLAY_STYLE.accent;
   ctx.font = scaledOverlayFont(WORLD_OVERLAY_STYLE.fontLabel, 1.4);
-  ctx.fillText('NO PREVIEW', 20, 30);
+  ctx.fillText(t('NO PREVIEW'), 20, 30);
 }
 
 function ellipsizeEvidenceText(value, limit) {
@@ -650,6 +729,19 @@ function ellipsizeEvidenceText(value, limit) {
   return `${text.slice(0, Math.max(1, limit - 3)).trimEnd()}...`;
 }
 
+// The pack names the kind of source in `media.publisher` (event.json); the
+// frame shows it in the UI language. Any other publisher shows as given.
+const EVIDENCE_PUBLISHER_TEXT = new Set([
+  msg('YouTube source'),
+  msg('Facebook source'),
+]);
+
+/** An evidence item's publisher as its frame shows it. */
+function evidencePublisherText(publisher) {
+  const text = String(publisher);
+  return EVIDENCE_PUBLISHER_TEXT.has(text) ? t(text) : bhoteEventText(text);
+}
+
 /** Repaint one stable frame with a poster or the current source-video frame. */
 export function updateEvidenceFrame(
   canvas,
@@ -704,25 +796,78 @@ export function updateEvidenceFrame(
   ctx.font = scaledOverlayFont(WORLD_OVERLAY_STYLE.fontTitle);
   ctx.fillText(
     ellipsizeEvidenceText(
-      observation.shortTitle || observation.title,
+      bhoteEventText(observation.shortTitle || observation.title),
       layout.titleChars,
     ).toUpperCase(),
     16,
     infoY + 27,
   );
   ctx.fillStyle = WORLD_OVERLAY_STYLE.detail;
-  ctx.font = scaledOverlayFont(WORLD_OVERLAY_STYLE.fontDetail);
-  const publisher = String(
-    observation.media?.publisher || 'SOURCE LINK',
+  const publisher = (
+    observation.media?.publisher
+      ? evidencePublisherText(observation.media.publisher)
+      : t('SOURCE LINK')
   ).toUpperCase();
   ctx.fillText(
-    `${ellipsizeEvidenceText(publisher, 24)} / OPEN`,
+    fitEvidenceSourceLine(
+      ctx,
+      publisher,
+      scaledOverlayFont(WORLD_OVERLAY_STYLE.fontDetail),
+      canvas.width - 32,
+    ),
     16,
     infoY + 53,
   );
   return true;
 }
 
+// The smallest the source line's font may shrink to before the publisher is
+// shortened instead.
+const EVIDENCE_SOURCE_MIN_FONT_SCALE = 0.8;
+
+/**
+ * Set the font for the «{publisher} / OPEN» line and return a line that fits
+ * `maxWidth`. Translations run longer: first shrink the font (to 80%), then
+ * shorten the publisher; «/ OPEN» always stays whole.
+ * @param {CanvasRenderingContext2D} ctx
+ * @param {string} publisher Display publisher, already upper-cased.
+ * @param {string} font CSS font with a px size.
+ * @param {number} maxWidth
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function fitEvidenceSourceLine(ctx, publisher, font, maxWidth) {
+  const line = (limit) =>
+    t('{publisher} / OPEN', {
+      publisher: ellipsizeEvidenceText(publisher, limit),
+    });
+  let limit = 24;
+  let text = line(limit);
+  ctx.font = font;
+  if (typeof ctx.measureText !== 'function' || !(maxWidth > 0)) return text;
+  const width = () => Number(ctx.measureText(text)?.width) || 0;
+  if (width() <= maxWidth) return text;
+  const size = /(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)px/.exec(font);
+  if (size) {
+    const base = Number(size[1]);
+    const floor = base * EVIDENCE_SOURCE_MIN_FONT_SCALE;
+    // Width scales with the font size; step down until it fits or bottoms out.
+    let next = Math.max(
+      floor,
+      Math.floor(((base * maxWidth) / width()) * 10) / 10,
+    );
+    for (;;) {
+      ctx.font = font.replace(size[0], `${next}px`);
+      if (width() <= maxWidth || next <= floor) break;
+      next = Math.max(floor, next - 0.5);
+    }
+  }
+  while (width() > maxWidth && limit > 4) {
+    limit = Math.min(limit, publisher.length) - 1;
+    text = line(limit);
+  }
+  return text;
+}
+
 /** Compose source imagery and caveats into one stable renderer-owned frame. */
 export function createEvidenceFrame(observation, poster = null, options = {}) {
   const canvas = evidenceFrameCanvas(observation);
@@ -813,28 +958,40 @@ function collectPanelReferences(panel) {
   });
 }
 
+/** Escape translated text for the panel markup template. */
+function escapeMarkup(text) {
+  return String(text)
+    .replace(/&/g, '&amp;')
+    .replace(/</g, '&lt;')
+    .replace(/>/g, '&gt;')
+    .replace(/"/g, '&quot;');
+}
+
 function createPanel(event, handlers) {
   const panel = document.createElement('aside');
   panel.id = 'bhote-koshi-event-panel';
-  panel.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Bhote Koshi flood reconstruction controls');
+  panel.setAttribute(
+    'aria-label',
+    t('Bhote Koshi flood reconstruction controls'),
+  );
   panel.innerHTML = `
     <div class="bhote-event-header">
       <div>
-        <div class="bhote-event-kicker">EVENT RECONSTRUCTION · 26 AUG 2026</div>
-        <div class="bhote-event-title">BHOTE KOSHI OUTBURST FLOOD</div>
+        <div class="bhote-event-kicker">${escapeMarkup(t('EVENT RECONSTRUCTION · 26 AUG 2026'))}</div>
+        <div class="bhote-event-title">${escapeMarkup(t('BHOTE KOSHI OUTBURST FLOOD'))}</div>
       </div>
-      <button class="bhote-event-icon-btn" type="button" data-action="close" title="Close event layer" aria-label="Close event layer">×</button>
+      <button class="bhote-event-icon-btn" type="button" data-action="close" title="${escapeMarkup(t('Close event layer'))}" aria-label="${escapeMarkup(t('Close event layer'))}">×</button>
     </div>
     <div class="bhote-event-status-row">
-      <span class="bhote-event-status observed">OBSERVED IMAGERY</span>
-      <span class="bhote-event-status reconstructed">SCHEMATIC CORRIDOR</span>
+      <span class="bhote-event-status observed">${escapeMarkup(t('OBSERVED IMAGERY'))}</span>
+      <span class="bhote-event-status reconstructed">${escapeMarkup(t('SCHEMATIC CORRIDOR'))}</span>
     </div>
     <section class="bhote-event-section" data-role="imagery-comparison">
       <div class="bhote-event-section-head">
-        <span>2021 HISTORICAL REFERENCE / 2026 POST-EVENT</span>
+        <span>${escapeMarkup(t('2021 HISTORICAL REFERENCE / 2026 POST-EVENT'))}</span>
         <span data-role="split-readout">50 / 50</span>
       </div>
-      <input class="bhote-event-range" data-role="split" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="50" aria-label="Historical reference and post-event image split" />
+      <input class="bhote-event-range" data-role="split" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="50" aria-label="${escapeMarkup(t('Historical reference and post-event image split'))}" />
       <div class="bhote-event-dates">
         <span data-role="before-date"></span>
         <span data-role="after-date"></span>
@@ -842,44 +999,44 @@ function createPanel(event, handlers) {
     </section>
     <section class="bhote-event-section">
       <div class="bhote-event-section-head">
-        <span data-role="timeline-label">RECONSTRUCTION CLOCK</span>
+        <span data-role="timeline-label">${escapeMarkup(t('RECONSTRUCTION CLOCK'))}</span>
         <span data-role="time"></span>
       </div>
-      <input class="bhote-event-range flood" data-role="progress" type="range" min="0" max="1000" value="0" aria-label="Schematic downstream progression" />
-      <div class="bhote-event-story-nav" aria-label="Story beat navigation">
-        <button type="button" data-action="previous-beat" title="Previous story beat" aria-label="Previous story beat">‹</button>
+      <input class="bhote-event-range flood" data-role="progress" type="range" min="0" max="1000" value="0" aria-label="${escapeMarkup(t('Schematic downstream progression'))}" />
+      <div class="bhote-event-story-nav" aria-label="${escapeMarkup(t('Story beat navigation'))}">
+        <button type="button" data-action="previous-beat" title="${escapeMarkup(t('Previous story beat'))}" aria-label="${escapeMarkup(t('Previous story beat'))}">‹</button>
         <div class="bhote-event-story-current">
           <span data-role="beat-index">01 / 06</span>
-          <strong data-role="beat-title" aria-live="polite">CAUSE</strong>
-          <small data-role="beat-meta">CAPTURE TIME UNVERIFIED</small>
+          <strong data-role="beat-title" aria-live="polite">${escapeMarkup(t('CAUSE'))}</strong>
+          <small data-role="beat-meta">${escapeMarkup(t('CAPTURE TIME UNVERIFIED'))}</small>
         </div>
-        <button type="button" data-action="next-beat" title="Next story beat" aria-label="Next story beat">›</button>
+        <button type="button" data-action="next-beat" title="${escapeMarkup(t('Next story beat'))}" aria-label="${escapeMarkup(t('Next story beat'))}">›</button>
       </div>
       <div class="bhote-event-actions">
-        <button type="button" data-action="play">▶ PLAY</button>
-        <button type="button" data-action="play-scene" hidden title="Play the next shot and continue through this scene">▶ PLAY SCENE</button>
-        <button type="button" data-action="cinematic" aria-pressed="false">◉ CINEMATIC</button>
-        <button type="button" data-action="story-replay">↺ FULL STORY</button>
-        <button type="button" data-action="open-source">↗ OPEN ORIGINAL</button>
-        <button type="button" data-action="corridor">⌖ LOWER GORGE</button>
+        <button type="button" data-action="play">${escapeMarkup(t('▶ PLAY'))}</button>
+        <button type="button" data-action="play-scene" hidden title="${escapeMarkup(t('Play the next shot and continue through this scene'))}">${escapeMarkup(t('▶ PLAY SCENE'))}</button>
+        <button type="button" data-action="cinematic" aria-pressed="false">${escapeMarkup(t('◉ CINEMATIC'))}</button>
+        <button type="button" data-action="story-replay">${escapeMarkup(t('↺ FULL STORY'))}</button>
+        <button type="button" data-action="open-source">${escapeMarkup(t('↗ OPEN ORIGINAL'))}</button>
+        <button type="button" data-action="corridor">${escapeMarkup(t('⌖ LOWER GORGE'))}</button>
       </div>
     </section>
     <details class="bhote-event-evidence">
-      <summary>FIELD REPORTS · ${event.fieldReports.length}</summary>
+      <summary>${escapeMarkup(t('FIELD REPORTS · {count}', { count: event.fieldReports.length }))}</summary>
       <div class="bhote-event-report-list"></div>
     </details>
     <div class="bhote-event-credit">
-      <span>GEOLOCATIONS · GEO GEORGE SHADRACH</span>
-      <button type="button" data-action="geolocation-map">↗ OPEN PUBLIC MAP</button>
+      <span>${escapeMarkup(t('GEOLOCATIONS · {credit}', { credit: 'GEO GEORGE SHADRACH' }))}</span>
+      <button type="button" data-action="geolocation-map">${escapeMarkup(t('↗ OPEN PUBLIC MAP'))}</button>
     </div>
-    <p class="bhote-event-caveat"><span data-role="caveat"></span><span data-role="imagery-cloud-note"> Clouds are preserved from the source imagery.</span></p>
+    <p class="bhote-event-caveat"><span data-role="caveat"></span><span data-role="imagery-cloud-note"> ${escapeMarkup(t('Clouds are preserved from the source imagery.'))}</span></p>
   `;
 
   const refs = collectPanelReferences(panel);
-  refs.beforeDate.textContent = event.imagery.before.label;
-  refs.afterDate.textContent = event.imagery.after.label;
+  renderImageryEndpoint(refs.beforeDate, event.imagery.before);
+  renderImageryEndpoint(refs.afterDate, event.imagery.after);
   refs.time.textContent = `~0:00 / ${elapsedLabel(1, event.reconstruction.elapsedSeconds)}`;
-  refs.caveat.textContent = event.reconstruction.caveat;
+  refs.caveat.textContent = bhoteEventText(event.reconstruction.caveat);
 
   for (const report of event.fieldReports) {
     const button = document.createElement('button');
@@ -887,8 +1044,8 @@ function createPanel(event, handlers) {
     const status = document.createElement('small');
     button.type = 'button';
     button.className = 'bhote-event-report';
-    label.textContent = report.label;
-    status.textContent = report.status;
+    label.textContent = bhoteEventText(report.label);
+    status.textContent = bhoteEventText(report.status);
     button.append(label, status);
     button.addEventListener('click', () => openExternal(report.url));
     refs.reportList.appendChild(button);
@@ -1205,7 +1362,7 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
       _embeddedMedia?.show?.({
         observation: {
           title: witness.title,
-          shortTitle: 'Rasuwagadhi witness',
+          shortTitle: t('Rasuwagadhi witness'),
           media: { sourceUrl: witness.sourceUrl },
         },
         anchor,
@@ -2320,7 +2477,10 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
         collisionGroup: 'ambient-card',
         zIndex: 60,
         interactive: true,
-        accessibilityLabel: `Open original source for ${observation.title}; capture time unverified`,
+        accessibilityLabel: t(
+          'Open original source for {source}; capture time unverified',
+          { source: bhoteEventText(observation.title) },
+        ),
         activate: () => openExternal(observation.media.sourceUrl),
         minDistance: 0,
         maxDistance: 220000,
@@ -2353,7 +2513,7 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
         position: evidencePositionGetter(index, true),
         cullPosition: anchor,
         variant: 'label',
-        title: `${String(observation.sequence).padStart(2, '0')} · ${observation.shortTitle || observation.title}`,
+        title: `${String(observation.sequence).padStart(2, '0')} · ${bhoteEventText(observation.shortTitle || observation.title)}`,
         details: [],
         accent: WORLD_OVERLAY_STYLE.accent,
         priority: 80_000 - index,
@@ -2559,11 +2719,14 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
       id: 'bhote-koshi-split-line',
       handleClass: 'bhote-koshi-split-handle',
       cssProperty: '--bhote-koshi-split',
-      beforeTitle: event.imagery.before.label,
-      afterTitle: event.imagery.after.label,
-      ariaLabel: 'Historical reference and post-event image divider',
+      beforeTitle: imageryEndpointText(event.imagery.before),
+      afterTitle: imageryEndpointText(event.imagery.after),
+      ariaLabel: t('Historical reference and post-event image divider'),
       formatValueText: (beforePercent, afterPercent) =>
-        `A historical reference ${beforePercent} percent, B post-event ${afterPercent} percent`,
+        t(
+          'A historical reference {before} percent, B post-event {after} percent',
+          { before: beforePercent, after: afterPercent },
+        ),
       onChange: setSplit,
     });
   }
@@ -2595,7 +2758,7 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
     setElementProperty(
       button,
       'textContent',
-      _cinematicActive ? '■ RELEASE CAMERA' : '◉ CINEMATIC',
+      _cinematicActive ? t('■ RELEASE CAMERA') : t('◉ CINEMATIC'),
     );
     setElementAttribute(button, 'aria-pressed', String(_cinematicActive));
   }
@@ -2961,13 +3124,13 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
       _panelRefs.progressInput,
       'aria-label',
       sceneDirected
-        ? 'Seek Nepal scene clock'
-        : 'Schematic downstream progression',
+        ? t('Seek Nepal scene clock')
+        : t('Schematic downstream progression'),
     );
     setElementProperty(
       _panelRefs.timelineLabel,
       'textContent',
-      sceneDirected ? 'NEPAL SCENE CLOCK' : 'RECONSTRUCTION CLOCK',
+      sceneDirected ? t('NEPAL SCENE CLOCK') : t('RECONSTRUCTION CLOCK'),
     );
     const sceneDuration = Number(_sceneContext?.sceneDurationSec) || 0;
     setElementProperty(
@@ -2980,22 +3143,22 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
     );
     const playLabel = sceneDirected
       ? _sceneActionPending && _sceneActionPending.type !== 'scene'
-        ? '… PLAYING SHOT'
-        : '▶ PLAY SHOT'
+        ? t('… PLAYING SHOT')
+        : t('▶ PLAY SHOT')
       : _playing
-        ? 'Ⅱ PAUSE'
+        ? t('Ⅱ PAUSE')
         : _progress >= 1
           ? _cinematicReplayArmed
-            ? '↺ REPLAY CINEMATIC'
-            : '↺ REPLAY'
-          : '▶ PLAY';
+            ? t('↺ REPLAY CINEMATIC')
+            : t('↺ REPLAY')
+          : t('▶ PLAY');
     setElementProperty(_panelRefs.playButton, 'textContent', playLabel);
     setElementProperty(
       _panelRefs.playSceneButton,
       'textContent',
       _sceneActionPending?.type === 'scene'
-        ? '… PLAYING SCENE'
-        : '▶ PLAY SCENE',
+        ? t('… PLAYING SCENE')
+        : t('▶ PLAY SCENE'),
     );
     setElementProperty(
       _panelRefs.playSceneButton,
@@ -3011,19 +3174,24 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
     setElementAttribute(
       _panelRefs.playSceneButton,
       'aria-label',
-      `Continue ${_sceneContext?.sceneTitle || 'current scene'} from next shot`,
+      t('Continue {scene} from next shot', {
+        scene:
+          _sceneContext?.sceneDisplayTitle ||
+          _sceneContext?.sceneTitle ||
+          t('current scene'),
+      }),
     );
     setElementProperty(
       _panelRefs.storyReplayButton,
       'textContent',
-      '↺ FULL STORY',
+      t('↺ FULL STORY'),
     );
     if (!sceneDirected) {
       setElementProperty(_panelRefs.storyReplayButton, 'disabled', false);
       setElementAttribute(
         _panelRefs.storyReplayButton,
         'aria-label',
-        'Replay the full reconstruction',
+        t('Replay the full reconstruction'),
       );
     }
     const beatIndex = currentEvidenceIndex();
@@ -3047,18 +3215,26 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
       _panelRefs.beatTitle,
       'textContent',
       sceneDirected
-        ? _sceneContext?.shotTitle || 'SCENE SHOT'
-        : observation?.shortTitle || observation?.title || 'EVIDENCE',
+        ? _sceneContext?.shotDisplayTitle ||
+            _sceneContext?.shotTitle ||
+            t('SCENE SHOT')
+        : observation?.shortTitle || observation?.title
+          ? bhoteEventText(observation.shortTitle || observation.title)
+          : t('EVIDENCE'),
     );
     const sourceCount = Math.max(
       0,
       Math.floor(Number(observation?.corroboration?.sourceCount) || 0),
     );
     const beatMeta = [
-      String(observation?.phase || 'EVIDENCE').toUpperCase(),
-      'TIME UNVERIFIED',
-      sourceCount > 1 ? `${sourceCount} SOURCES` : '',
-      observation?.imageryCoverage === 'outside' ? 'OUTSIDE IMAGERY SWIPE' : '',
+      evidencePhaseLabel(observation?.phase),
+      t('TIME UNVERIFIED'),
+      sourceCount > 1
+        ? tn(sourceCount, '{count} SOURCE', '{count} SOURCES')
+        : '',
+      observation?.imageryCoverage === 'outside'
+        ? t('OUTSIDE IMAGERY SWIPE')
+        : '',
     ]
       .filter(Boolean)
       .join(' / ');
@@ -3066,7 +3242,13 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
       _panelRefs.beatMeta,
       'textContent',
       sceneDirected
-        ? `${String(_sceneContext?.sceneTitle || 'NEPAL FLOOD INCIDENT').toUpperCase()} / AUTHORED SHOT`
+        ? t('{scene} / AUTHORED SHOT', {
+            scene: String(
+              _sceneContext?.sceneDisplayTitle ||
+                _sceneContext?.sceneTitle ||
+                t('NEPAL FLOOD INCIDENT'),
+            ).toUpperCase(),
+          })
         : beatMeta,
     );
     setElementProperty(
@@ -3093,18 +3275,23 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
       _panelRefs.playButton,
       'aria-label',
       sceneDirected
-        ? `Play ${_sceneContext?.shotTitle || 'current scene shot'}`
-        : 'Play reconstruction',
+        ? t('Play {shot}', {
+            shot:
+              _sceneContext?.shotDisplayTitle ||
+              _sceneContext?.shotTitle ||
+              t('current scene shot'),
+          })
+        : t('Play reconstruction'),
     );
     setElementAttribute(
       _panelRefs.previousButton,
       'aria-label',
-      sceneDirected ? 'Load previous scene shot' : 'Previous story beat',
+      sceneDirected ? t('Load previous scene shot') : t('Previous story beat'),
     );
     setElementAttribute(
       _panelRefs.nextButton,
       'aria-label',
-      sceneDirected ? 'Load next scene shot' : 'Next story beat',
+      sceneDirected ? t('Load next scene shot') : t('Next story beat'),
     );
     setElementProperty(
       _panelRefs.openSourceButton,
@@ -3153,8 +3340,8 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
     if (_afterLayer) _afterLayer.show = imageryAvailable;
     if (_panelRefs?.caveat) {
       _panelRefs.caveat.textContent = imageryAvailable
-        ? _event?.reconstruction?.caveat || ''
-        : 'SCHEMATIC CORRIDOR, NOT MODELED ARRIVAL TIME.';
+        ? bhoteEventText(_event?.reconstruction?.caveat || '')
+        : t('SCHEMATIC CORRIDOR, NOT MODELED ARRIVAL TIME.');
     }
     if (_panelRefs?.imageryCloudNote)
       _panelRefs.imageryCloudNote.hidden = !imageryAvailable;
@@ -3717,7 +3904,9 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiEventLayer({
         count: _enabled ? 1 : 0,
         status: _enabled ? 'nominal' : 'idle',
         source: 'Vantor + GeoPera',
-        coverage: _enabled ? 'Rasuwa · 26 Aug 2026' : 'Event reconstruction',
+        coverage: _enabled
+          ? t('Rasuwa · 26 Aug 2026')
+          : t('Event reconstruction'),
       };
     },
     getPlaybackState() {

src/data/bhoteKoshiEvidenceFit.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+// The «{publisher} / OPEN» line is drawn on a canvas, so CSS cannot wrap it:
+// a long translation shrinks to fit the portrait card, action word whole.
+// English is drawn at full size.
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import test from 'node:test';
+
+import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import { evidenceCardLayout, updateEvidenceFrame } from './bhoteKoshiEvent.js';
+
+const eventUrl = new URL(
+  '../../public/events/bhote-koshi-2026/event.json',
+  import.meta.url,
+);
+
+// JetBrains Mono advances every glyph by 0.6 em.
+const fontPx = (font) => Number(/(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)px/.exec(font)[1]);
+const measure = (text, font) => text.length * 0.6 * fontPx(font);
+
+function drawSourceLine(observation, publisher) {
+  const layout = evidenceCardLayout(observation);
+  const drawn = [];
+  const context = {
+    font: '',
+    beginPath() {},
+    clearRect() {},
+    moveTo() {},
+    lineTo() {},
+    stroke() {},
+    fillRect() {},
+    drawImage() {},
+    measureText(text) {
+      return { width: measure(String(text), this.font) };
+    },
+    fillText(value, x) {
+      drawn.push({ text: String(value), font: this.font, x });
+    },
+  };
+  const canvas = {
+    width: layout.canvasWidth,
+    height: layout.canvasHeight,
+    _bhoteEvidenceLayout: layout,
+    getContext: () => context,
+  };
+  const subject = publisher
+    ? { ...observation, media: { ...observation.media, publisher } }
+    : observation;
+  assert.equal(updateEvidenceFrame(canvas, subject), true);
+  const line = drawn.find((entry) => entry.text.includes(' / '));
+  assert.ok(line, 'source line drawn');
+  return { ...line, maxWidth: layout.canvasWidth - 32 };
+}
+
+async function portraitObservations() {
+  const event = JSON.parse(await readFile(eventUrl, 'utf8'));
+  const portrait = event.evidenceSpine.filter(
+    (o) => evidenceCardLayout(o).kind === 'portrait',
+  );
+  const youtube = portrait.find((o) => o.media?.publisher === 'YouTube source');
+  const facebook = portrait.find(
+    (o) => o.media?.publisher === 'Facebook source',
+  );
+  assert.ok(youtube, 'a portrait YouTube card exists');
+  return [youtube, facebook].filter(Boolean);
+}
+
+test('English source lines draw unchanged on every card', async () => {
+  setLocale('en');
+  const event = JSON.parse(await readFile(eventUrl, 'utf8'));
+  for (const observation of event.evidenceSpine) {
+    const line = drawSourceLine(observation);
+    assert.equal(fontPx(line.font), 21, `${observation.id}: font kept`);
+    assert.match(
+      line.text,
+      /^(YOUTUBE|FACEBOOK) SOURCE \/ OPEN$|^SOURCE LINK \/ OPEN$/,
+    );
+  }
+});
+
+test('ru/es source lines fit the portrait card with the action word whole', async () => {
+  const observations = await portraitObservations();
+  try {
+    for (const [locale, action] of [
+      ['ru', '/ ОТКРЫТЬ'],
+      ['es', '/ ABRIR'],
+    ]) {
+      setLocale(locale);
+      for (const observation of observations) {
+        const line = drawSourceLine(observation);
+        assert.ok(line.text.endsWith(action), `${locale}: ${line.text}`);
+        assert.ok(
+          measure(line.text, line.font) <= line.maxWidth,
+          `${locale}: «${line.text}» at ${line.font} overflows`,
+        );
+        assert.ok(fontPx(line.font) >= 21 * 0.8, 'font stays readable');
+      }
+    }
+    setLocale('ru');
+    const ru = drawSourceLine(observations[0]);
+    assert.equal(ru.text, 'ИСТОЧНИК YOUTUBE / ОТКРЫТЬ', 'publisher kept whole');
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+});
+
+test('a publisher too long even at the smallest font is shortened, not the action', async () => {
+  const [observation] = await portraitObservations();
+  try {
+    setLocale('ru');
+    const line = drawSourceLine(
+      observation,
+      'A very long regional broadcaster',
+    );
+    assert.ok(line.text.endsWith('... / ОТКРЫТЬ'), line.text);
+    assert.ok(measure(line.text, line.font) <= line.maxWidth, line.text);
+    assert.equal(fontPx(line.font), 21 * 0.8);
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+});

src/data/bhoteKoshiEvidencePublisher.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import test from 'node:test';
+
+// The publisher on the evidence frame ("YouTube source") is pack text shown
+// in the UI language; English stays "YOUTUBE SOURCE / OPEN".
+import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import { createEvidenceFrame } from './bhoteKoshiEvent.js';
+
+const eventUrl = new URL(
+  '../../public/events/bhote-koshi-2026/event.json',
+  import.meta.url,
+);
+
+function captureFrameText(observation) {
+  const originalDocument = globalThis.document;
+  const text = [];
+  globalThis.document = {
+    createElement() {
+      const context = {
+        beginPath() {},
+        clearRect() {},
+        moveTo() {},
+        lineTo() {},
+        stroke() {},
+        fillRect() {},
+        fillText(value) {
+          text.push(String(value));
+        },
+        drawImage() {},
+      };
+      return { width: 0, height: 0, getContext: () => context };
+    },
+  };
+  try {
+    assert.ok(createEvidenceFrame(observation));
+  } finally {
+    globalThis.document = originalDocument;
+  }
+  return text;
+}
+
+test('evidence card source line is fully in the UI language (es, ru)', async () => {
+  const event = JSON.parse(await readFile(eventUrl, 'utf8'));
+  const youtube = event.evidenceSpine.find(
+    (o) => o.media?.publisher === 'YouTube source',
+  );
+  const facebook = event.evidenceSpine.find(
+    (o) => o.media?.publisher === 'Facebook source',
+  );
+  assert.ok(youtube && facebook);
+  try {
+    for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
+      setLocale(locale);
+      for (const observation of [youtube, facebook]) {
+        const lines = captureFrameText(observation);
+        const sourceLine = lines.find((line) => line.includes(' / '));
+        assert.ok(sourceLine, 'source line drawn');
+        assert.doesNotMatch(
+          sourceLine,
+          /SOURCE/,
+          `${locale}: English "SOURCE" left in "${sourceLine}"`,
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+});
+
+test('evidence card source line keeps its English wording', async () => {
+  const event = JSON.parse(await readFile(eventUrl, 'utf8'));
+  const youtube = event.evidenceSpine.find(
+    (o) => o.media?.publisher === 'YouTube source',
+  );
+  setLocale('en');
+  const sourceLine = captureFrameText(youtube).find((line) =>
+    line.includes(' / '),
+  );
+  assert.equal(sourceLine, 'YOUTUBE SOURCE / OPEN');
+});

src/data/bhoteKoshiLocator.js

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
 } from './dataCredits.js';
 import { BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH } from './bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js';
 import { INCIDENT_OVERVIEW_PLACES } from './bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js';
+import { t, msg, getLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 export const BHOTE_KOSHI_LOCATOR_LAYER_ID = 'bhote-koshi-locator';
 export const BHOTE_KOSHI_LOCATOR_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID =
@@ -51,23 +52,42 @@ const TRIGGER_ORBIT_DURATION_SEC = 2.8;
 const TRIGGER_SOURCE_URL =
   'https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tbwb/executive';
 
+// Descriptive pin titles translate at display (same entries as the event
+// panel); place names stay Latin, anything else shows as authored.
+const PLACE_TITLE_TEXT = new Map(
+  [
+    msg('Collapse viewpoint'),
+    msg('Dammed lake'),
+    msg('Second landslide'),
+    msg('Border gate'),
+    msg('Dandagaun viewpoint'),
+    msg('Bidur bridge'),
+    msg('Devighat bridge'),
+  ].map((text) => [text.toUpperCase(), text]),
+);
+
+function placeTitle(title) {
+  const text = PLACE_TITLE_TEXT.get(title);
+  return text ? t(text).toLocaleUpperCase(getLocale()) : title;
+}
+
 const INCIDENT = Object.freeze({
   lat: 28.3632333,
   lon: 85.4423639,
   heightM: 5200,
-  title: 'BHOTE KOSHI FLOOD INCIDENT',
-  subtitle: 'NEPAL · 26 AUG 2026',
+  title: msg('BHOTE KOSHI FLOOD INCIDENT'),
+  subtitle: msg('NEPAL · 26 AUG 2026'),
 });
 const TRIGGER_RECORD = Object.freeze({
   lat: 28.271,
   lon: 85.515,
   heightM: 4200,
-  title: 'USGS INITIAL REPORT',
+  title: msg('USGS INITIAL REPORT'),
   details: Object.freeze([
-    '26 AUG 2026 · 08:37 NPT',
-    '28.2710° N · 85.5150° E',
-    'INITIAL M4.4 · RECLASSIFIED M5.2 LANDSLIDE',
-    'USGS EVENT us7000tbwb · OPEN SOURCE',
+    msg('26 AUG 2026 · 08:37 NPT'),
+    msg('28.2710° N · 85.5150° E'),
+    msg('INITIAL M4.4 · RECLASSIFIED M5.2 LANDSLIDE'),
+    msg('USGS EVENT us7000tbwb · OPEN SOURCE'),
   ]),
 });
 const TRIGGER_APPROACH_CAMERA = Object.freeze({
@@ -90,11 +110,13 @@ const NEPAL = Object.freeze({
   lat: 28.3949,
   lon: 84.124,
   heightM: 6800,
+  // i18n-ignore: country name, shown as is
   title: 'NEPAL',
 });
 const NEARBY_CITIES = Object.freeze([
   Object.freeze({
     id: 'kathmandu',
+    // i18n-ignore: city name
     title: 'KATHMANDU',
     lat: 27.7017,
     lon: 85.3206,
@@ -103,6 +125,7 @@ const NEARBY_CITIES = Object.freeze([
   }),
   Object.freeze({
     id: 'bhaktapur',
+    // i18n-ignore: city name
     title: 'BHAKTAPUR',
     lat: 27.673,
     lon: 85.43,
@@ -111,6 +134,7 @@ const NEARBY_CITIES = Object.freeze([
   }),
   Object.freeze({
     id: 'dhulikhel',
+    // i18n-ignore: city name
     title: 'DHULIKHEL',
     lat: 27.6221,
     lon: 85.5428,
@@ -394,8 +418,8 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
         position,
         variant: 'card',
         paintLane: 'thumbnail',
-        title: subject.title,
-        details: [subject.subtitle],
+        title: t(subject.title),
+        details: [t(subject.subtitle)],
         accent: INCIDENT_ACCENT,
         sourceAlpha: () => presentation().alpha,
         presentationScale: () => presentation().scale,
@@ -536,8 +560,8 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
       position,
       variant: 'card',
       paintLane: 'thumbnail',
-      title: TRIGGER_RECORD.title,
-      details: [...TRIGGER_RECORD.details],
+      title: t(TRIGGER_RECORD.title),
+      details: TRIGGER_RECORD.details.map((line) => t(line)),
       accent: INCIDENT_ACCENT,
       sourceAlpha: () => presentation().alpha,
       presentationScale: () => presentation().scale,
@@ -549,8 +573,9 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
       protected: true,
       active: true,
       interactive: true,
-      accessibilityLabel:
+      accessibilityLabel: t(
         'Open the USGS initial report for the 26 August 2026 Nepal landslide',
+      ),
       activate: () => {
         const opened = window.open(
           TRIGGER_SOURCE_URL,
@@ -815,7 +840,7 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
         position,
         variant: 'label',
         paintLane: 'ambient-label',
-        title: `${String(index + 1).padStart(2, '0')} · ${place.title}`,
+        title: `${String(index + 1).padStart(2, '0')} · ${placeTitle(place.title)}`,
         details: [],
         accent: INCIDENT_ACCENT,
         sourceAlpha: progress,
@@ -1121,57 +1146,67 @@ export function createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
         chips: [
           {
             id: 'nepal-context',
+            // i18n-ignore: country name
             label: 'NEPAL',
             active: _presentation === NEPAL_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION,
-            title:
+            title: t(
               'Show the Nepal context callout without a border or country fill',
+            ),
             params: { presentation: NEPAL_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION },
           },
           {
             id: 'bhote-koshi-regional',
+            // i18n-ignore: river name (Bhote Koshi)
             label: 'BHOTE',
             active: _presentation === BHOTE_KOSHI_REGIONAL_PRESENTATION,
-            title:
+            title: t(
               'Introduce Nepal, draw its border, then reveal the Bhote Koshi incident',
+            ),
             params: { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_REGIONAL_PRESENTATION },
           },
           {
             id: 'bhote-koshi-city-context',
-            label: 'CITIES',
+            label: t('CITIES'),
             active: _presentation === BHOTE_KOSHI_CITY_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION,
-            title:
+            title: t(
               'Keep the regional incident context and introduce nearby city labels',
+            ),
             params: { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_CITY_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION },
           },
           {
             id: 'bhote-koshi-incident-places',
-            label: 'PLACES',
+            label: t('PLACES'),
             active: _presentation === BHOTE_KOSHI_INCIDENT_PLACES_PRESENTATION,
-            title:
+            title: t(
               'Introduce the reconstruction scene key places from trigger to downstream',
+            ),
             params: { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_INCIDENT_PLACES_PRESENTATION },
           },
           {
             id: 'bhote-koshi-flood-path',
-            label: 'PATH',
+            label: t('PATH'),
             active: _presentation === BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH_PRESENTATION,
-            title:
+            title: t(
               'Animate the sourced cyan river-centerline route to Trishuli Bazaar',
+            ),
             params: { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH_PRESENTATION },
           },
           {
             id: 'bhote-koshi-path-overview',
-            label: 'OVERVIEW',
+            label: t('OVERVIEW'),
             active: _presentation === BHOTE_KOSHI_PATH_OVERVIEW_PRESENTATION,
-            title: 'Keep the completed flood path and location labels visible',
+            title: t(
+              'Keep the completed flood path and location labels visible',
+            ),
             params: { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_PATH_OVERVIEW_PRESENTATION },
           },
           {
             id: 'bhote-koshi-trigger-record',
-            label: 'RECORD',
+            label: t('RECORD'),
             active: _presentation === BHOTE_KOSHI_TRIGGER_RECORD_PRESENTATION,
-            title:
+            title: t(
               'Reveal the trigger record while making a slow camera approach',
+            ),
             params: {
               presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_TRIGGER_RECORD_PRESENTATION,
               preview: true,

src/data/bhoteKoshiLocator.test.mjs

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
 import { readFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
-import { INCIDENT_OVERVIEW_HOLD_SEC, INCIDENT_OVERVIEW_PLACES } from './bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js';
+import {
+  INCIDENT_OVERVIEW_HOLD_SEC,
+  INCIDENT_OVERVIEW_PLACES,
+} from './bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js';
 import { BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH } from './bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js';
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { SceneDirector } from '../scenes/director.js';
 import { createPlaybackClock } from '../director/clock.js';
 import { createDefaultScenePacks } from '../scenes/packs/defaults.js';
@@ -29,8 +33,12 @@ function viewerFixture() {
   return {
     creditDisplay: { addStaticCredit() {}, removeStaticCredit() {} },
     dataSources: {
-      add(source) { added.push(source); },
-      remove(source) { removed.push(source); },
+      add(source) {
+        added.push(source);
+      },
+      remove(source) {
+        removed.push(source);
+      },
     },
     _test: { added, removed },
   };
@@ -38,7 +46,9 @@ function viewerFixture() {
 
 function nonRunningAnimation() {
   return {
-    scheduleFrame() { return 1; },
+    scheduleFrame() {
+      return 1;
+    },
     cancelFrame() {},
   };
 }
@@ -58,24 +68,68 @@ function overlayHostFixture() {
 }
 
 test('Bhote Koshi locator closes valid region rings once', () => {
-  assert.deepEqual(closeRegionRing([[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30]]), [
-    [80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30], [80, 26],
-  ]);
-  assert.deepEqual(closeRegionRing([[80, 26], [88, 26], [80, 26]]), [
-    [80, 26], [88, 26], [80, 26],
-  ]);
-  assert.deepEqual(closeRegionRing([[80, 26], ['bad', 27]]), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    closeRegionRing([
+      [80, 26],
+      [88, 26],
+      [88, 30],
+    ]),
+    [
+      [80, 26],
+      [88, 26],
+      [88, 30],
+      [80, 26],
+    ],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    closeRegionRing([
+      [80, 26],
+      [88, 26],
+      [80, 26],
+    ]),
+    [
+      [80, 26],
+      [88, 26],
+      [80, 26],
+    ],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    closeRegionRing([
+      [80, 26],
+      ['bad', 27],
+    ]),
+    [],
+  );
 });
 
 test('Bhote Koshi locator selects the largest GeoJSON country exterior', () => {
-  const main = [[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30], [80, 30], [80, 26]];
-  const island = [[82, 25], [83, 25], [82, 25]];
-  assert.equal(largestGeoJsonRing({ type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [main] }), main);
-  assert.equal(largestGeoJsonRing({
-    type: 'MultiPolygon',
-    coordinates: [[island], [main]],
-  }), main);
-  assert.deepEqual(largestGeoJsonRing({ type: 'Point', coordinates: [84, 28] }), []);
+  const main = [
+    [80, 26],
+    [88, 26],
+    [88, 30],
+    [80, 30],
+    [80, 26],
+  ];
+  const island = [
+    [82, 25],
+    [83, 25],
+    [82, 25],
+  ];
+  assert.equal(
+    largestGeoJsonRing({ type: 'Polygon', coordinates: [main] }),
+    main,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    largestGeoJsonRing({
+      type: 'MultiPolygon',
+      coordinates: [[island], [main]],
+    }),
+    main,
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    largestGeoJsonRing({ type: 'Point', coordinates: [84, 28] }),
+    [],
+  );
 });
 
 test('Bhote Koshi locator reveals a border progressively', () => {
@@ -84,7 +138,10 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator reveals a border progressively', () => {
     new Cesium.Cartesian3(10, 0, 0),
     new Cesium.Cartesian3(20, 0, 0),
   ];
-  assert.deepEqual(revealPolylinePositions(positions, 0), [positions[0], positions[0]]);
+  assert.deepEqual(revealPolylinePositions(positions, 0), [
+    positions[0],
+    positions[0],
+  ]);
   assert.deepEqual(revealPolylinePositions(positions, 0.25), [
     positions[0],
     new Cesium.Cartesian3(5, 0, 0),
@@ -115,7 +172,12 @@ test('Bhote Koshi regional locator sequences Nepal, border, then the incident',
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
     boundaryResolver: async () => ({
       name: 'Nepal',
-      ring: [[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30], [80, 30]],
+      ring: [
+        [80, 26],
+        [88, 26],
+        [88, 30],
+        [80, 30],
+      ],
     }),
     requestRender: (reason) => renders.push(reason),
     overlayHost,
@@ -141,8 +203,12 @@ test('Bhote Koshi regional locator sequences Nepal, border, then the incident',
   const publication = overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1);
   assert.equal(publication.sourceId, BHOTE_KOSHI_LOCATOR_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID);
   assert.equal(publication.entries.length, 2);
-  const nepal = publication.entries.find(({ id }) => id === 'nepal-context-callout');
-  const incident = publication.entries.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout');
+  const nepal = publication.entries.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'nepal-context-callout',
+  );
+  const incident = publication.entries.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout',
+  );
   assert.equal(nepal.variant, 'label');
   assert.equal(nepal.title, 'NEPAL');
   assert.equal(nepal.anchorDot, true);
@@ -175,12 +241,17 @@ test('Bhote Koshi regional locator sequences Nepal, border, then the incident',
   assert.equal(incident.contentAlpha(), 1);
   assert.equal(incident.presentationScale(), 1);
   assert.equal(layer.getStats().status, 'nominal');
-  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_REGIONAL_PRESENTATION });
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), {
+    presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_REGIONAL_PRESENTATION,
+  });
   assert.ok(renders.includes('bhote-koshi-locator-boundary'));
 
   assert.equal(await layer.disable(), true);
   assert.equal(viewer._test.removed.length, 1);
-  assert.equal(overlayHost._test.clears.at(-1), BHOTE_KOSHI_LOCATOR_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID);
+  assert.equal(
+    overlayHost._test.clears.at(-1),
+    BHOTE_KOSHI_LOCATOR_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID,
+  );
   assert.equal(layer.getStats().status, 'idle');
 });
 
@@ -190,7 +261,12 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator switches between Nepal context and the regional incide
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
     boundaryResolver: async () => ({
       name: 'Nepal',
-      ring: [[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30], [80, 30]],
+      ring: [
+        [80, 26],
+        [88, 26],
+        [88, 30],
+        [80, 30],
+      ],
     }),
     requestRender() {},
     overlayHost,
@@ -199,37 +275,46 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator switches between Nepal context and the regional incide
 
   layer.setParams({ presentation: NEPAL_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION });
   await layer.enable(viewer);
-  assert.deepEqual(viewer._test.added[0].entities.values.map((entity) => entity.id), [
-    'nepal-context-halo',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    viewer._test.added[0].entities.values.map((entity) => entity.id),
+    ['nepal-context-halo'],
+  );
   const nepalLabel = overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries[0];
   assert.equal(nepalLabel.variant, 'label');
   assert.equal(nepalLabel.placement, 'right');
   assert.equal(nepalLabel.anchorDot, true);
   assert.equal(layer.getStats().coverage, 'Nepal context');
-  assert.deepEqual(layer.getRowControls().chips.map(({ id, active }) => ({ id, active })), [
-    { id: 'nepal-context', active: true },
-    { id: 'bhote-koshi-regional', active: false },
-    { id: 'bhote-koshi-city-context', active: false },
-    { id: 'bhote-koshi-incident-places', active: false },
-    { id: 'bhote-koshi-flood-path', active: false },
-    { id: 'bhote-koshi-path-overview', active: false },
-    { id: 'bhote-koshi-trigger-record', active: false },
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    layer.getRowControls().chips.map(({ id, active }) => ({ id, active })),
+    [
+      { id: 'nepal-context', active: true },
+      { id: 'bhote-koshi-regional', active: false },
+      { id: 'bhote-koshi-city-context', active: false },
+      { id: 'bhote-koshi-incident-places', active: false },
+      { id: 'bhote-koshi-flood-path', active: false },
+      { id: 'bhote-koshi-path-overview', active: false },
+      { id: 'bhote-koshi-trigger-record', active: false },
+    ],
+  );
 
   layer.setParams({ presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_REGIONAL_PRESENTATION });
   assert.ok(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('nepal-border-highlight'));
-  assert.equal(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-city-kathmandu'), undefined);
   assert.equal(
-    overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries
-      .find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout').variant,
+    viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-city-kathmandu'),
+    undefined,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    overlayHost._test.publications
+      .at(-1)
+      .entries.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout').variant,
     'card',
   );
 
   layer.setParams({ presentation: NEPAL_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION });
-  assert.deepEqual(viewer._test.added[0].entities.values.map((entity) => entity.id), [
-    'nepal-context-halo',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    viewer._test.added[0].entities.values.map((entity) => entity.id),
+    ['nepal-context-halo'],
+  );
   await layer.destroy();
 });
 
@@ -239,16 +324,28 @@ test('Incident Corridor reveals all fifteen overview pins and keeps layout activ
   let nowMs = 0;
   let pulseFrame = null;
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
-    boundaryResolver: async () => null, requestRender() {},
+    boundaryResolver: async () => null,
+    requestRender() {},
     overlayHost,
     now: () => nowMs,
-    scheduleFrame(callback) { pulseFrame = callback; return 1; },
+    scheduleFrame(callback) {
+      pulseFrame = callback;
+      return 1;
+    },
     cancelFrame() {},
   });
   layer.setParams({ presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_INCIDENT_PLACES_PRESENTATION });
   await layer.enable(viewer);
   const source = viewer._test.added[0];
-  const event = JSON.parse(await readFile(new URL('../../public/events/bhote-koshi-2026/event.json', import.meta.url), 'utf8'));
+  const event = JSON.parse(
+    await readFile(
+      new URL(
+        '../../public/events/bhote-koshi-2026/event.json',
+        import.meta.url,
+      ),
+      'utf8',
+    ),
+  );
   assert.equal(event.evidenceSpine.length, 16);
   assert.equal(event.evidenceSpine.at(-1).id, 'charaudi');
   assert.equal(source.entities.values.length, 15);
@@ -259,30 +356,100 @@ test('Incident Corridor reveals all fifteen overview pins and keeps layout activ
     const id = `bhote-koshi-place-${point.id}`;
     const pin = labels.find((entry) => entry.id === id);
     assert.ok(pin, point.id);
-    assert.equal(pin.title, `${String(index + 1).padStart(2, '0')} · ${point.title}`);
+    assert.equal(
+      pin.title,
+      `${String(index + 1).padStart(2, '0')} · ${point.title}`,
+    );
     assert.equal(pin.variant, 'label');
     const location = Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(pin.position);
-    assert.ok(Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(location.latitude) - point.lat) < 1e-6);
-    assert.ok(Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(location.longitude) - point.lon) < 1e-6);
+    assert.ok(
+      Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(location.latitude) - point.lat) < 1e-6,
+    );
+    assert.ok(
+      Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(location.longitude) - point.lon) < 1e-6,
+    );
     nowMs = 349 + index * 650;
     assert.equal(pin.sourceAlpha(), 0);
     nowMs += 1;
     assert.equal(pin.sourceAlpha(), 0);
-    assert.equal(source.entities.values.filter(entity => entity.id.endsWith('-halo') && entity.show.getValue()).length, 1);
+    assert.equal(
+      source.entities.values.filter(
+        (entity) => entity.id.endsWith('-halo') && entity.show.getValue(),
+      ).length,
+      1,
+    );
     nowMs += 520;
     assert.equal(pin.sourceAlpha(), 1);
   }
   assert.ok(nowMs < INCIDENT_OVERVIEW_HOLD_SEC * 1000);
   // A repeat halo cycle must not erase already revealed labels.
   nowMs = 350 + 15 * 650;
-  assert.equal(source.entities.getById('bhote-koshi-place-immediate-collapse-viewpoint-halo').show.getValue(), true);
-  assert.equal(labels.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-devighat-taadi-khola-bridge').sourceAlpha(), 1);
-  assert.equal(labels.some(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-charaudi'), false);
+  assert.equal(
+    source.entities
+      .getById('bhote-koshi-place-immediate-collapse-viewpoint-halo')
+      .show.getValue(),
+    true,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    labels
+      .find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-devighat-taadi-khola-bridge')
+      .sourceAlpha(),
+    1,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    labels.some(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-charaudi'),
+    false,
+  );
   assert.equal(typeof pulseFrame, 'function');
   pulseFrame();
   assert.equal(overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).options.moving, false);
   layer.setParams({ presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_REGIONAL_PRESENTATION });
-  assert.equal(source.entities.values.some(entity => entity.id.startsWith('bhote-koshi-place-')), false);
+  assert.equal(
+    source.entities.values.some((entity) =>
+      entity.id.startsWith('bhote-koshi-place-'),
+    ),
+    false,
+  );
+  await layer.destroy();
+});
+
+test('Bhote Koshi overview pins translate their descriptive titles and keep place names', async (t) => {
+  t.after(() => setLocale('en'));
+  setLocale('ru');
+  const viewer = viewerFixture();
+  const overlayHost = overlayHostFixture();
+  const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
+    boundaryResolver: async () => null,
+    requestRender() {},
+    overlayHost,
+    now: () => 0,
+    ...nonRunningAnimation(),
+  });
+
+  layer.setParams({ presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH_PRESENTATION });
+  await layer.enable(viewer);
+  const titles = new Map(
+    overlayHost._test.publications
+      .at(-1)
+      .entries.map(({ id, title }) => [id, title]),
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    titles.get('bhote-koshi-place-immediate-collapse-viewpoint'),
+    '01 · ВИД НА ОБРУШЕНИЕ',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    titles.get('bhote-koshi-place-gyirong-border-gate'),
+    '04 · ПОГРАНПЕРЕХОД',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    titles.get('bhote-koshi-place-dandagaun-viewpoint'),
+    '11 · СМОТРОВАЯ ПЛОЩАДКА DANDAGAUN',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    titles.get('bhote-koshi-place-bidur-trishuli-bridge'),
+    '14 · МОСТ BIDUR',
+  );
+  assert.equal(titles.get('bhote-koshi-place-timure-cluster'), '05 · TIMURE');
   await layer.destroy();
 });
 
@@ -303,8 +470,12 @@ test('Bhote Koshi flood path draws a solid cyan sourced route after the place sh
   const source = viewer._test.added[0];
   const path = source.entities.getById('bhote-koshi-flood-path');
   const labels = overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries;
-  const trigger = labels.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-immediate-collapse-viewpoint');
-  const bidur = labels.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-bidur-trishuli-bridge');
+  const trigger = labels.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-immediate-collapse-viewpoint',
+  );
+  const bidur = labels.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-place-bidur-trishuli-bridge',
+  );
 
   assert.equal(source.entities.values.length, 1);
   assert.equal(labels.length, 15);
@@ -315,10 +486,14 @@ test('Bhote Koshi flood path draws a solid cyan sourced route after the place sh
   }
   assert.equal(path.polyline.clampToGround.getValue(), true);
   assert.ok(path.polyline.material instanceof Cesium.ColorMaterialProperty);
-  assert.ok(path.polyline.material.color.getValue().equalsEpsilon(
-    Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString('#20e7f2').withAlpha(0.96),
-    Cesium.Math.EPSILON7,
-  ));
+  assert.ok(
+    path.polyline.material.color
+      .getValue()
+      .equalsEpsilon(
+        Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString('#20e7f2').withAlpha(0.96),
+        Cesium.Math.EPSILON7,
+      ),
+  );
   assert.equal(path.show.getValue(), false);
   assert.equal(trigger.sourceAlpha(), 1);
   assert.equal(bidur.sourceAlpha(), 1);
@@ -330,15 +505,23 @@ test('Bhote Koshi flood path draws a solid cyan sourced route after the place sh
   const halfwayCount = path.polyline.positions.getValue().length;
   assert.ok(Math.abs(halfwayCount - BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.length / 2) <= 2);
   nowMs = 4250;
-  assert.equal(path.polyline.positions.getValue().length, BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.length);
+  assert.equal(
+    path.polyline.positions.getValue().length,
+    BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.length,
+  );
   assert.deepEqual(BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH[0], [85.48476, 28.33255]);
   // More observation pins must not extend or straighten the sourced route.
-  assert.deepEqual(path.polyline.positions.getValue(), BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.map(([lon, lat]) => (
-    Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat)
-  )));
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    path.polyline.positions.getValue(),
+    BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.map(([lon, lat]) =>
+      Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat),
+    ),
+  );
   assert.deepEqual(BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.at(-1), [85.14943, 27.92177]);
   assert.equal(layer.getStats().coverage, 'Bhote Koshi · Flood path');
-  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH_PRESENTATION });
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), {
+    presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH_PRESENTATION,
+  });
   await layer.destroy();
 });
 
@@ -349,7 +532,12 @@ test('Bhote Koshi path-overview presentation keeps the route settled without Nep
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
     boundaryResolver: async () => ({
       name: 'Nepal',
-      ring: [[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30], [80, 30]],
+      ring: [
+        [80, 26],
+        [88, 26],
+        [88, 30],
+        [80, 30],
+      ],
     }),
     requestRender() {},
     overlayHost,
@@ -367,21 +555,35 @@ test('Bhote Koshi path-overview presentation keeps the route settled without Nep
   assert.equal(labels.length, 15);
   for (const [index, place] of INCIDENT_OVERVIEW_PLACES.entries()) {
     const pin = labels.find(({ id }) => id === `bhote-koshi-place-${place.id}`);
-    assert.equal(pin.title, `${String(index + 1).padStart(2, '0')} · ${place.title}`);
+    assert.equal(
+      pin.title,
+      `${String(index + 1).padStart(2, '0')} · ${place.title}`,
+    );
     assert.equal(pin.sourceAlpha(), 1);
   }
   assert.equal(path.show.getValue(), true);
-  assert.equal(path.polyline.positions.getValue().length, BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.length);
-  assert.ok(Cesium.Cartesian3.equals(path.polyline.positions.getValue()[0],
-    Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(85.48476, 28.33255)));
+  assert.equal(
+    path.polyline.positions.getValue().length,
+    BHOTE_KOSHI_FLOOD_PATH.length,
+  );
+  assert.ok(
+    Cesium.Cartesian3.equals(
+      path.polyline.positions.getValue()[0],
+      Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(85.48476, 28.33255),
+    ),
+  );
   assert.equal(source.entities.getById('nepal-border-fill'), undefined);
   assert.equal(source.entities.getById('nepal-border-highlight'), undefined);
   assert.equal(
-    source.entities.getById('bhote-koshi-place-immediate-collapse-viewpoint-halo'),
+    source.entities.getById(
+      'bhote-koshi-place-immediate-collapse-viewpoint-halo',
+    ),
     undefined,
   );
   assert.equal(layer.getStats().coverage, 'Bhote Koshi · Path overview');
-  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_PATH_OVERVIEW_PRESENTATION });
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), {
+    presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_PATH_OVERVIEW_PRESENTATION,
+  });
   await layer.destroy();
 });
 
@@ -406,10 +608,10 @@ test('Bhote Koshi trigger-record presentation reveals sourced incident details',
   const publication = overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1);
   const record = publication.entries[0];
 
-  assert.deepEqual(source.entities.values.map(({ id }) => id), [
-    'bhote-koshi-flood-path',
-    'bhote-koshi-trigger-record-halo',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    source.entities.values.map(({ id }) => id),
+    ['bhote-koshi-flood-path', 'bhote-koshi-trigger-record-halo'],
+  );
   assert.equal(record.title, 'USGS INITIAL REPORT');
   assert.deepEqual(record.details, [
     '26 AUG 2026 · 08:37 NPT',
@@ -440,7 +642,9 @@ test('Bhote Koshi trigger-record waits for the scene camera, zooms, then orbits'
   viewer.camera = {
     moveStart,
     moveEnd,
-    flyTo(options) { flights.push(options); },
+    flyTo(options) {
+      flights.push(options);
+    },
     cancelFlight() {},
   };
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
@@ -465,8 +669,12 @@ test('Bhote Koshi trigger-record waits for the scene camera, zooms, then orbits'
   assert.equal(flights.length, 1);
   assert.equal(flights[0].duration, 4.6);
   const destination = Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(flights[0].destination);
-  assert.ok(Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(destination.latitude) - 28.368) < 1e-6);
-  assert.ok(Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(destination.longitude) - 85.473) < 1e-6);
+  assert.ok(
+    Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(destination.latitude) - 28.368) < 1e-6,
+  );
+  assert.ok(
+    Math.abs(Cesium.Math.toDegrees(destination.longitude) - 85.473) < 1e-6,
+  );
   assert.ok(Math.abs(destination.height - 10526) < 1e-4);
   flights[0].complete();
   assert.equal(flights.length, 2);
@@ -488,8 +696,11 @@ for (const phase of ['timer', 'move-end', 'approach', 'orbit']) {
     const moveStart = new Cesium.Event();
     const moveEnd = new Cesium.Event();
     viewer.camera = {
-      moveStart, moveEnd,
-      flyTo(options) { flights.push(options); },
+      moveStart,
+      moveEnd,
+      flyTo(options) {
+        flights.push(options);
+      },
       cancelFlight() {},
     };
     const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
@@ -501,21 +712,30 @@ for (const phase of ['timer', 'move-end', 'approach', 'orbit']) {
         timers.set(++nextTimer, callback);
         return nextTimer;
       },
-      cancelDelay(id) { timers.delete(id); },
+      cancelDelay(id) {
+        timers.delete(id);
+      },
       ...nonRunningAnimation(),
     });
     const director = {
-      _clock: createPlaybackClock({ isRunning: () => false, timingForShot: () => null, onProgress() {} }),
+      _clock: createPlaybackClock({
+        isRunning: () => false,
+        timingForShot: () => null,
+        onProgress() {},
+      }),
       _scenePacks: createDefaultScenePacks(),
       dataManager: { layers: new Map([[layer.id, { module: layer }]]) },
       viewer,
       _sceneSeekGeneration: 0,
       _loadGeneration: 0,
-      _cancelActiveSceneTravel: SceneDirector.prototype._cancelActiveSceneTravel,
+      _cancelActiveSceneTravel:
+        SceneDirector.prototype._cancelActiveSceneTravel,
       _setSceneMediaPlayback: SceneDirector.prototype._setSceneMediaPlayback,
     };
     try {
-      layer.setParams({ presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_TRIGGER_RECORD_PRESENTATION });
+      layer.setParams({
+        presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_TRIGGER_RECORD_PRESENTATION,
+      });
       await layer.enable(viewer);
       if (phase === 'move-end') moveStart.raiseEvent();
       if (phase === 'approach' || phase === 'orbit') callbacks[0]();
@@ -528,19 +748,38 @@ for (const phase of ['timer', 'move-end', 'approach', 'orbit']) {
       callbacks[0]();
       moveEnd.raiseEvent();
       for (const flight of oldFlights) flight.complete();
-      assert.equal(flights.length, oldFlights.length, 'no post-Stop approach or orbit');
-      assert.equal(layer.getStats().count, 1, 'Stop preserves the visible locator');
+      assert.equal(
+        flights.length,
+        oldFlights.length,
+        'no post-Stop approach or orbit',
+      );
+      assert.equal(
+        layer.getStats().count,
+        1,
+        'Stop preserves the visible locator',
+      );
 
-      layer.setParams({ presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_TRIGGER_RECORD_PRESENTATION });
+      layer.setParams({
+        presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_TRIGGER_RECORD_PRESENTATION,
+      });
       callbacks.at(-1)();
       const successor = flights.at(-1);
       const count = flights.length;
       callbacks[0]();
-      for (const flight of oldFlights) { flight.cancel(); flight.complete(); }
+      for (const flight of oldFlights) {
+        flight.cancel();
+        flight.complete();
+      }
       assert.equal(flights.length, count, 'old callbacks cannot add a flight');
       successor.complete();
-      assert.equal(flights.length, count + 1, 'successor retains its own orbit');
-    } finally { await layer.destroy(); }
+      assert.equal(
+        flights.length,
+        count + 1,
+        'successor retains its own orbit',
+      );
+    } finally {
+      await layer.destroy();
+    }
   });
 }
 
@@ -551,7 +790,12 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator keeps the regional context settled while nearby cities
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
     boundaryResolver: async () => ({
       name: 'Nepal',
-      ring: [[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30], [80, 30]],
+      ring: [
+        [80, 26],
+        [88, 26],
+        [88, 30],
+        [80, 30],
+      ],
     }),
     requestRender() {},
     overlayHost,
@@ -564,19 +808,29 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator keeps the regional context settled while nearby cities
   const source = viewer._test.added[0];
   const borderFill = source.entities.getById('nepal-border-fill');
   const entries = overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries;
-  const incident = entries.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout');
-  const kathmandu = entries.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-city-kathmandu');
-  const bhaktapur = entries.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-city-bhaktapur');
-  const dhulikhel = entries.find(({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-city-dhulikhel');
+  const incident = entries.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout',
+  );
+  const kathmandu = entries.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-city-kathmandu',
+  );
+  const bhaktapur = entries.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-city-bhaktapur',
+  );
+  const dhulikhel = entries.find(
+    ({ id }) => id === 'bhote-koshi-city-dhulikhel',
+  );
 
   assert.equal(borderFill.show.getValue(), true);
   assert.equal(incident.contentAlpha(), 1);
   assert.equal(kathmandu.title, 'KATHMANDU');
   assert.equal(bhaktapur.title, 'BHAKTAPUR');
   assert.equal(dhulikhel.title, 'DHULIKHEL');
-  assert.ok([kathmandu, bhaktapur, dhulikhel].every(({ variant, anchorDot }) => (
-    variant === 'label' && anchorDot === true
-  )));
+  assert.ok(
+    [kathmandu, bhaktapur, dhulikhel].every(
+      ({ variant, anchorDot }) => variant === 'label' && anchorDot === true,
+    ),
+  );
   assert.equal(kathmandu.sourceAlpha(), 0);
   assert.equal(bhaktapur.sourceAlpha(), 0);
   assert.equal(dhulikhel.sourceAlpha(), 0);
@@ -591,7 +845,9 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator keeps the regional context settled while nearby cities
   nowMs = 1300;
   assert.equal(dhulikhel.sourceAlpha(), 1);
   assert.equal(layer.getStats().coverage, 'Bhote Koshi · Nearby cities');
-  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), { presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_CITY_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION });
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.getParams(), {
+    presentation: BHOTE_KOSHI_CITY_CONTEXT_PRESENTATION,
+  });
   await layer.destroy();
 });
 
@@ -608,15 +864,17 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator degrades to labels when the regional boundary is unava
   });
   try {
     await layer.enable(viewer);
-    const ids = viewer._test.added[0].entities.values.map((entity) => entity.id);
+    const ids = viewer._test.added[0].entities.values.map(
+      (entity) => entity.id,
+    );
     assert.ok(ids.includes('nepal-context-halo'));
     assert.ok(ids.includes('bhote-koshi-incident-halo'));
     assert.equal(ids.includes('bhote-koshi-city-kathmandu'), false);
     assert.equal(ids.includes('nepal-border-highlight'), false);
-    assert.deepEqual(overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries.map(({ id }) => id), [
-      'nepal-context-callout',
-      'bhote-koshi-incident-callout',
-    ]);
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries.map(({ id }) => id),
+      ['nepal-context-callout', 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout'],
+    );
     assert.equal(layer.getStats().status, 'degraded');
   } finally {
     console.warn = originalWarn;
@@ -628,7 +886,9 @@ test('Bhote Koshi regional locator waits for its boundary before starting the fu
   const viewer = viewerFixture();
   const overlayHost = overlayHostFixture();
   let releaseBoundary;
-  const boundary = new Promise((resolve) => { releaseBoundary = resolve; });
+  const boundary = new Promise((resolve) => {
+    releaseBoundary = resolve;
+  });
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
     boundaryResolver: async () => boundary,
     requestRender() {},
@@ -638,23 +898,42 @@ test('Bhote Koshi regional locator waits for its boundary before starting the fu
 
   const enabling = layer.enable(viewer);
   assert.ok(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('nepal-context-halo'));
-  assert.equal(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('nepal-border-highlight'), undefined);
-  assert.equal(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-incident-halo'), undefined);
+  assert.equal(
+    viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('nepal-border-highlight'),
+    undefined,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-incident-halo'),
+    undefined,
+  );
   assert.equal(overlayHost._test.publications.length, 1);
-  assert.deepEqual(overlayHost._test.publications[0].entries.map(({ id }) => id), [
-    'nepal-context-callout',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    overlayHost._test.publications[0].entries.map(({ id }) => id),
+    ['nepal-context-callout'],
+  );
 
-  releaseBoundary({ ring: [[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30], [80, 30]] });
+  releaseBoundary({
+    ring: [
+      [80, 26],
+      [88, 26],
+      [88, 30],
+      [80, 30],
+    ],
+  });
   await enabling;
-  assert.ok(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-incident-halo'));
+  assert.ok(
+    viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-incident-halo'),
+  );
   assert.ok(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('nepal-border-highlight'));
-  assert.equal(viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-city-kathmandu'), undefined);
+  assert.equal(
+    viewer._test.added[0].entities.getById('bhote-koshi-city-kathmandu'),
+    undefined,
+  );
   assert.equal(overlayHost._test.publications.length, 2);
-  assert.deepEqual(overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries.map(({ id }) => id), [
-    'nepal-context-callout',
-    'bhote-koshi-incident-callout',
-  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    overlayHost._test.publications.at(-1).entries.map(({ id }) => id),
+    ['nepal-context-callout', 'bhote-koshi-incident-callout'],
+  );
   await layer.destroy();
 });
 
@@ -662,7 +941,9 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator cancels a stale boundary resolution and removes its su
   const viewer = viewerFixture();
   const controller = new AbortController();
   let releaseBoundary;
-  const boundary = new Promise((resolve) => { releaseBoundary = resolve; });
+  const boundary = new Promise((resolve) => {
+    releaseBoundary = resolve;
+  });
   const layer = createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer({
     boundaryResolver: async () => boundary,
     requestRender() {},
@@ -670,7 +951,13 @@ test('Bhote Koshi locator cancels a stale boundary resolution and removes its su
   });
   const enabling = layer.enable(viewer, { signal: controller.signal });
   controller.abort();
-  releaseBoundary({ ring: [[80, 26], [88, 26], [88, 30]] });
+  releaseBoundary({
+    ring: [
+      [80, 26],
+      [88, 26],
+      [88, 30],
+    ],
+  });
   await assert.rejects(enabling, (error) => error?.name === 'AbortError');
   assert.equal(viewer._test.removed.length, 1);
 });

src/data/cctvCataloniaSource.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import os from 'node:os';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { createCctvCatalog } from '../../server/providers/cctv/catalog.js';
+import {
+  CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL,
+  CATALONIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/constants.js';
+import { decodeNumericEntities } from '../../server/providers/cctv/normalize.js';
+import {
+  parseCataloniaXml,
+  normalizeCataloniaImageUrl,
+  cataloniaCameraName,
+  loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/sources.js';
+
+/** Set (or, for `undefined`, delete) environment variables for one test. */
+function withEnv(t, env) {
+  for (const [name, value] of Object.entries(env)) {
+    const previous = process.env[name];
+    t.after(() => {
+      if (previous === undefined) delete process.env[name];
+      else process.env[name] = previous;
+    });
+    if (value === undefined) delete process.env[name];
+    else process.env[name] = value;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Silence the loaders' progress and failure logging. */
+function quiet(t) {
+  t.mock.method(console, 'log', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+}
+
+/**
+ * A response whose body is a live stream, plus a flag that flips when the
+ * stream is cancelled. A rejection path that returns without cancelling holds
+ * the transport open, so the flag is what the refusal tests actually assert.
+ */
+const streamingResponse = (init = {}) => {
+  const state = { cancelled: false };
+  const body = new ReadableStream({
+    start(controller) {
+      controller.enqueue(new TextEncoder().encode('<?xml'));
+    },
+    cancel() {
+      state.cancelled = true;
+    },
+  });
+  return { response: new Response(body, init), state };
+};
+
+/** One `<gml:featureMember>` block matching the real feed's shape. */
+function cataloniaFeature({
+  fid,
+  lon,
+  lat,
+  carretera = '',
+  municipi = '',
+  pk = '',
+  link = '',
+  font = '',
+}) {
+  const pkTag = pk ? `<cite:pk>${pk}</cite:pk>` : '';
+  return (
+    `<gml:featureMember><cite:cameres fid="${fid}">` +
+    `<cite:geom><gml:Point srsName="http://www.opengis.net/gml/srs/epsg.xml#4326">` +
+    `<gml:coordinates xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" decimal="." cs="," ts=" ">${lon},${lat}</gml:coordinates>` +
+    `</gml:Point></cite:geom>` +
+    `<cite:carretera>${carretera}</cite:carretera>` +
+    `<cite:municipi>${municipi}</cite:municipi>${pkTag}` +
+    `<cite:link>${link}</cite:link>` +
+    `<cite:font>${font}</cite:font>` +
+    `</cite:cameres></gml:featureMember>`
+  );
+}
+
+function cataloniaFeed(features) {
+  return (
+    '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><wfs:FeatureCollection xmlns:wfs="http://www.opengis.net/wfs">' +
+    features.join('') +
+    '</wfs:FeatureCollection>'
+  );
+}
+
+test('parseCataloniaXml extracts every field from a feature block', () => {
+  const xml = cataloniaFeed([
+    cataloniaFeature({
+      fid: 'cameres.fid-52bf6eca_1a0a06bea1c_386f',
+      lon: '2.1849528',
+      lat: '41.45989301',
+      carretera: 'C-58',
+      municipi: 'Nus Trinitat',
+      pk: '0.50',
+      link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+      font: 'SCT',
+    }),
+  ]);
+  const rows = parseCataloniaXml(xml);
+  assert.equal(rows.length, 1);
+  assert.deepEqual(rows[0], {
+    fid: 'cameres.fid-52bf6eca_1a0a06bea1c_386f',
+    lon: 2.1849528,
+    lat: 41.45989301,
+    carretera: 'C-58',
+    municipi: 'Nus Trinitat',
+    pk: '0.50',
+    link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+    font: 'SCT',
+  });
+});
+
+test('normalizeCataloniaImageUrl rewrites SCT RenderService links to the direct http TransitCamera URL', () => {
+  // RenderService always 302s to a hardcoded http:// Location (which
+  // fetchWithinHost refuses as a scheme downgrade), and mct.gencat.cat's TLS
+  // setup fails the handshake with Node's fetch regardless — TransitCamera
+  // over plain http is the only transport that actually works here, so we
+  // build that URL from RenderService's sctidcam id instead of registering
+  // the redirector.
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(
+      'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+    ),
+    'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/TransitCamera?nom=nc87.gif&visualitzacio=imatge',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(
+      'https://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=sc64.gif',
+    ),
+    'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/TransitCamera?nom=sc64.gif&visualitzacio=imatge',
+    'an already-https RenderService link is rewritten the same way',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl('https://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService'),
+    '',
+    'a RenderService link with no sctidcam id is rejected',
+  );
+});
+
+test('normalizeCataloniaImageUrl accepts the other registered hosts, upgraded to https', () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl('http://www.bcn.cat/transit/imatges/a.gif'),
+    'https://www.bcn.cat/transit/imatges/a.gif',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(
+      'https://emap.terrassa.cat/it_terrassa/cam02.jpeg',
+    ),
+    'https://emap.terrassa.cat/it_terrassa/cam02.jpeg',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl('https://evil.example.com/mct.gencat.cat.gif'),
+    '',
+    'a look-alike host is rejected',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl('https://unlisted-publisher.example/frame.gif'),
+    '',
+    'any host outside the allowlist is rejected',
+  );
+  assert.equal(normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(''), '');
+  assert.equal(normalizeCataloniaImageUrl('not a url'), '');
+});
+
+test('normalizeCataloniaImageUrl rejects credential-bearing URLs on every allowed host', () => {
+  // The hostname matches the allowlist, so only an explicit userinfo check
+  // stops catalog data injecting credentials into the frame request.
+  for (const link of [
+    'https://user:[email protected]/transit/imatges/a.gif',
+    'http://[email protected]/transit/imatges/a.gif',
+    'https://:[email protected]/it_terrassa/cam02.jpeg',
+    'http://user:[email protected]/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(link), '', link);
+  }
+});
+
+test("normalizeCataloniaImageUrl rejects explicit ports and paths outside each host's frame directory", () => {
+  // An allowlisted hostname alone would let catalog data aim the frame
+  // request at another service or path on that host.
+  for (const link of [
+    'http://www.bcn.cat:8080/transit/imatges/a.gif',
+    'https://emap.terrassa.cat:8443/it_terrassa/cam02.jpeg',
+    'http://mct.gencat.cat:8080/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+    'http://www.bcn.cat/admin/a.gif',
+    'http://www.bcn.cat/transit/imatges/',
+    'http://www.bcn.cat/transit/imatges/sub/a.gif',
+    'http://www.bcn.cat/transit/imatges/../../admin/a.gif',
+    'https://emap.terrassa.cat/other/cam02.jpeg',
+    'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/OtherService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(link), '', link);
+  }
+});
+
+test('normalizeCataloniaImageUrl accepts only a bare image filename as the SCT sctidcam', () => {
+  for (const camId of [
+    '../../etc/passwd',
+    '..%2F..%2Fetc%2Fpasswd',
+    'nc87.png',
+    'nc87',
+    'nc87.gif/../x.gif',
+    'nc87.gif&nom=other.gif',
+    'nc-87.gif',
+  ]) {
+    const link = `http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=${encodeURIComponent(camId)}`;
+    assert.equal(normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(link), '', camId);
+  }
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeCataloniaImageUrl(
+      'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=CB10.JPEG',
+    ),
+    'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/TransitCamera?nom=CB10.JPEG&visualitzacio=imatge',
+  );
+});
+
+test('decodeNumericEntities decodes decimal and hex references and leaves invalid ones as written', () => {
+  assert.equal(decodeNumericEntities('Llu&#237;s'), 'Lluís');
+  assert.equal(decodeNumericEntities('Llu&#xED;s &#x1F6A6;'), 'Lluís 🚦');
+  assert.equal(decodeNumericEntities('Llu&#XeD;s'), 'Lluís');
+  for (const raw of [
+    'a&#99999999999999999999999;b',
+    'a&#1114112;b',
+    'a&#x110000;b',
+    'a&#xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;b',
+    'a&#55296;b',
+    'a&#xDFFF;b',
+    'a&#0;b',
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(decodeNumericEntities(raw), raw, raw);
+  }
+});
+
+test('cataloniaCameraName joins road and municipality, skipping a redundant municipality', () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    cataloniaCameraName('C-58', 'Nus Trinitat'),
+    'C-58 (Nus Trinitat)',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    cataloniaCameraName('Plaça Urquinaona', 'Barcelona'),
+    'Plaça Urquinaona (Barcelona)',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    cataloniaCameraName('Barcelona Ronda Litoral', 'Barcelona'),
+    'Barcelona Ronda Litoral',
+  );
+  assert.equal(cataloniaCameraName('', ''), 'Càmera de trànsit');
+  assert.equal(cataloniaCameraName('C-58', ''), 'C-58');
+});
+
+test('Catalonia loader keeps SCT, Barcelona and Terrassa cameras with per-publisher credit', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  const requested = [];
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url, init) => {
+    requested.push([String(url), init.redirect]);
+    const xml = cataloniaFeed([
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-1',
+        lon: '2.1849528',
+        lat: '41.45989301',
+        carretera: 'C-58',
+        municipi: 'Nus Trinitat',
+        pk: '0.50',
+        link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-2',
+        lon: '2.17228212',
+        lat: '41.38890733',
+        carretera: 'Plaça Urquinaona',
+        municipi: 'Barcelona',
+        link: 'http://www.bcn.cat/transit/imatges/PlUrquinaona.gif?a=1',
+        font: 'IMI',
+      }),
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-3',
+        lon: '2.0111',
+        lat: '41.5636',
+        carretera: 'Cam02',
+        municipi: 'Terrassa',
+        link: 'https://emap.terrassa.cat/it_terrassa/cam02.jpeg?a=1',
+        font: 'Terrassa',
+      }),
+      // Rejected: link host not in the allowlist.
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-4',
+        lon: '2.0',
+        lat: '41.5',
+        link: 'https://example.com/fake.gif',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+      // Rejected: outside the Catalonia bounding box.
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-5',
+        lon: '-3.7',
+        lat: '40.4',
+        link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=x.gif',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+    ]);
+    return new Response(xml, {
+      status: 200,
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/xml' },
+    });
+  });
+
+  const cameras = await loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData();
+
+  assert.deepEqual(requested, [[CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL, 'manual']]);
+  assert.ok(
+    CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL.startsWith('https://'),
+    'the catalog is fetched over https',
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    cameras.map((camera) => camera.id).sort(),
+    [
+      'cat-emap-terrassa-cat-it-terrassa-cam02-jpeg',
+      'cat-sct-nc87',
+      'cat-www-bcn-cat-transit-imatges-plurquinaona-gif',
+    ],
+    'the off-allowlist link (fid-4) and the out-of-bbox row (fid-5) are excluded',
+  );
+
+  const sct = cameras.find((c) => c.id === 'cat-sct-nc87');
+  assert.equal(sct.name, 'C-58 (Nus Trinitat)');
+  assert.equal(sct.provider, 'Servei Català de Trànsit');
+  assert.equal(sct.credit, '', 'SCT is the publisher, no separate credit');
+  assert.equal(
+    sct.url,
+    'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/TransitCamera?nom=nc87.gif&visualitzacio=imatge',
+    'registers the direct, non-redirecting http frame URL, not the RenderService redirector',
+  );
+  assert.equal(sct.groundElevationM, 80);
+  assert.equal(sct.headingConfidence, 'low', 'the feed carries no heading');
+
+  const bcn = cameras.find(
+    (c) => c.id === 'cat-www-bcn-cat-transit-imatges-plurquinaona-gif',
+  );
+  assert.equal(bcn.credit, 'Ajuntament de Barcelona');
+  assert.equal(bcn.city, 'Barcelona');
+  assert.equal(bcn.groundElevationM, 20);
+
+  const terrassa = cameras.find(
+    (c) => c.id === 'cat-emap-terrassa-cat-it-terrassa-cam02-jpeg',
+  );
+  assert.equal(terrassa.credit, 'Ajuntament de Terrassa');
+  assert.equal(terrassa.groundElevationM, 270);
+});
+
+test('Catalonia loader fails soft on HTTP errors, empty payloads and network errors', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  let respond;
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', (...args) => respond(...args));
+  for (respond of [
+    async () => new Response('unavailable', { status: 503 }),
+    async () => new Response('<wfs:FeatureCollection></wfs:FeatureCollection>'),
+    async () => {
+      throw new TypeError('fetch failed');
+    },
+  ]) {
+    assert.deepEqual(await loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+  }
+});
+
+test('the Catalonia catalog fetch refuses redirects and oversized bodies', async (t) => {
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  // A redirect is never followed: the list host cannot be steered or
+  // downgraded. Its body is a live stream, so the test also proves the
+  // refusal releases the transport.
+  const seen = [];
+  const redirected = streamingResponse({
+    status: 302,
+    headers: { location: 'http://www.gencat.cat/transit/opendata/cameres.xml' },
+  });
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url, init) => {
+    seen.push([String(url), init.redirect]);
+    return redirected.response;
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(seen, [[CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL, 'manual']]);
+  assert.equal(
+    redirected.state.cancelled,
+    true,
+    'the redirect body is cancelled',
+  );
+
+  // An HTTP error body is released too.
+  t.mock.restoreAll();
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  const failed = streamingResponse({ status: 503 });
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => failed.response);
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+  assert.equal(failed.state.cancelled, true, 'the error body is cancelled');
+
+  const validFeed = cataloniaFeed([
+    cataloniaFeature({
+      fid: 'cameres.fid-1',
+      lon: '2.1849528',
+      lat: '41.45989301',
+      carretera: 'C-58',
+      link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+      font: 'SCT',
+    }),
+  ]);
+
+  // A body that declares a size over the cap is refused rather than buffered,
+  // even though its actual content would parse.
+  t.mock.restoreAll();
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => {
+    return new Response(validFeed, {
+      headers: {
+        'Content-Type': 'application/xml',
+        'content-length': String(CATALONIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES + 1),
+      },
+    });
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+
+  // So is a body with no declared size that only turns out too long while
+  // streaming — a valid feed padded past the cap.
+  t.mock.restoreAll();
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => {
+    const oversized =
+      validFeed + ' '.repeat(CATALONIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES + 1024);
+    return new Response(
+      new ReadableStream({
+        start(controller) {
+          controller.enqueue(new TextEncoder().encode(oversized));
+          controller.close();
+        },
+      }),
+      { headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/xml' } },
+    );
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+});
+
+test('CCTV catalog merges Catalonia cameras and CCTV_CATALONIA_ENABLED=0 skips the request', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  const sourceRoot = fs.mkdtempSync(
+    path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'gev-cctv-catalog-catalonia-'),
+  );
+  t.after(() => fs.rmSync(sourceRoot, { recursive: true, force: true }));
+  withEnv(t, {
+    CCTV_SOURCES_FILE: undefined,
+    CCTV_SOURCES_JSON: undefined,
+    CCTV_FORCE_AUSTIN: undefined,
+    CCTV_PREFER_AUSTIN: undefined,
+    CCTV_MAX_SOURCES: undefined,
+    CCTV_CALTRANS_DISTRICTS: undefined,
+    CCTV_TFL_ENABLED: undefined,
+    CCTV_CATALONIA_ENABLED: undefined,
+    CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES: undefined,
+  });
+  const requested = [];
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url, init) => {
+    requested.push([String(url), init.redirect]);
+    if (String(url) !== CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL) {
+      return new Response('unavailable', { status: 503 });
+    }
+    const xml = cataloniaFeed([
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-1',
+        lon: '2.1849528',
+        lat: '41.45989301',
+        link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+    ]);
+    return new Response(xml, { status: 200 });
+  });
+
+  const sources = await createCctvCatalog({ sourceRoot })();
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    sources.map((source) => source.id),
+    ['cat-sct-nc87'],
+  );
+
+  process.env.CCTV_CATALONIA_ENABLED = '0';
+  requested.length = 0;
+  assert.deepEqual(await createCctvCatalog({ sourceRoot })(), []);
+  assert.ok(requested.length > 0, 'the other live packs still load');
+  assert.equal(
+    requested.some(([url]) => url === CATALONIA_CAMERAS_URL),
+    false,
+    'a disabled pack makes no request',
+  );
+});
+
+/** The two SCT, one Barcelona and one Terrassa rows of a real feed snapshot,
+ * under one upstream run's `fid` prefix. */
+function snapshotFeed(fidPrefix) {
+  return cataloniaFeed([
+    cataloniaFeature({
+      fid: `cameres.fid-${fidPrefix}_386f`,
+      lon: '2.1849528',
+      lat: '41.45989301',
+      carretera: 'C-58',
+      link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+      font: 'SCT',
+    }),
+    cataloniaFeature({
+      fid: `cameres.fid-${fidPrefix}_b48`,
+      lon: '2.18',
+      lat: '41.46',
+      carretera: 'C-31',
+      link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc85.gif',
+      font: 'SCT',
+    }),
+    cataloniaFeature({
+      fid: `cameres.fid-${fidPrefix}_1c2`,
+      lon: '2.17228212',
+      lat: '41.38890733',
+      carretera: 'Plaça Urquinaona',
+      municipi: 'Barcelona',
+      link: 'http://www.bcn.cat/transit/imatges/PlUrquinaona.gif?a=1',
+      font: 'IMI',
+    }),
+    cataloniaFeature({
+      fid: `cameres.fid-${fidPrefix}_1c3`,
+      lon: '2.0111',
+      lat: '41.5636',
+      municipi: 'Terrassa',
+      link: 'https://emap.terrassa.cat/it_terrassa/cam01.jpeg?a=1 &#13;',
+      font: 'Terrassa',
+    }),
+  ]);
+}
+
+async function loadFromFeed(t, xml) {
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => {
+    return new Response(xml, {
+      status: 200,
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/xml' },
+    });
+  });
+  try {
+    return await loadCataloniaSourcesFromOpenData();
+  } finally {
+    t.mock.restoreAll();
+  }
+}
+
+test('Catalonia camera ids survive an upstream restart that changes every fid', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  // The fid embeds the upstream server-start stamp: the PR fixture's
+  // 1a0a06bea1c run and a later 1a140311953 run name the same cameras.
+  const before = await loadFromFeed(t, snapshotFeed('52bf6eca_1a0a06bea1c'));
+  const after = await loadFromFeed(t, snapshotFeed('52bf6eca_1a140311953'));
+  const ids = (cameras) => cameras.map((camera) => camera.id).sort();
+  assert.deepEqual(ids(before), [
+    'cat-emap-terrassa-cat-it-terrassa-cam01-jpeg',
+    'cat-sct-nc85',
+    'cat-sct-nc87',
+    'cat-www-bcn-cat-transit-imatges-plurquinaona-gif',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(ids(after), ids(before));
+});
+
+test('Catalonia loader collapses rows the feed repeats for one camera', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  // The live feed lists nc85, cb5, cb10, cb25 and cd17 twice each, under
+  // different fids.
+  const row = (fid, camId) =>
+    cataloniaFeature({
+      fid,
+      lon: '2.18',
+      lat: '41.46',
+      carretera: 'C-31',
+      link: `http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=${camId}`,
+      font: 'SCT',
+    });
+  const cameras = await loadFromFeed(
+    t,
+    cataloniaFeed([
+      row('cameres.fid-x_1', 'nc85.gif'),
+      row('cameres.fid-x_2', 'cb5.gif'),
+      row('cameres.fid-x_3', 'nc85.gif'),
+      row('cameres.fid-x_4', 'cb5.gif'),
+      row('cameres.fid-x_5', 'cb10.gif'),
+    ]),
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(cameras.map((camera) => camera.id).sort(), [
+    'cat-sct-cb10',
+    'cat-sct-cb5',
+    'cat-sct-nc85',
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('Catalonia loader drops ported and bad-sctidcam links but keeps the rest', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  const cameras = await loadFromFeed(
+    t,
+    cataloniaFeed([
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-x_1',
+        lon: '2.17',
+        lat: '41.39',
+        link: 'http://www.bcn.cat:8080/transit/imatges/PlUrquinaona.gif?a=1',
+        font: 'IMI',
+      }),
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-x_2',
+        lon: '2.0111',
+        lat: '41.5636',
+        link: 'https://emap.terrassa.cat:8443/it_terrassa/cam02.jpeg?a=1',
+        font: 'Terrassa',
+      }),
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-x_3',
+        lon: '2.18',
+        lat: '41.46',
+        link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=../../etc/passwd',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-x_4',
+        lon: '2.18',
+        lat: '41.46',
+        link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+    ]),
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    cameras.map((camera) => [camera.id, camera.url]),
+    [
+      [
+        'cat-sct-nc87',
+        'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/TransitCamera?nom=nc87.gif&visualitzacio=imatge',
+      ],
+    ],
+  );
+});
+
+test('a malformed numeric entity in one row neither throws nor empties the Catalonia pack', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  const cameras = await loadFromFeed(
+    t,
+    cataloniaFeed([
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-x_1',
+        lon: '2.18',
+        lat: '41.46',
+        carretera: 'C-31 &#99999999999999999999;',
+        municipi: 'Bad&#xD800;',
+        link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc85.gif',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+      cataloniaFeature({
+        fid: 'cameres.fid-x_2',
+        lon: '2.18',
+        lat: '41.46',
+        carretera: 'Pla&#xE7;a Catalunya',
+        municipi: 'Llinars del Vall&#232;s',
+        link: 'http://mct.gencat.cat/mct2bo/RenderService?sctidcam=nc87.gif',
+        font: 'SCT',
+      }),
+    ]),
+  );
+  const byId = new Map(cameras.map((camera) => [camera.id, camera]));
+  assert.equal(cameras.length, 2);
+  assert.equal(
+    byId.get('cat-sct-nc85').name,
+    'C-31 &#99999999999999999999; (Bad&#xD800;)',
+    'an invalid reference is kept as written',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    byId.get('cat-sct-nc87').name,
+    'Plaça Catalunya (Llinars del Vallès)',
+  );
+});

src/data/cctvDriveBcSource.test.mjs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
   DEFAULT_TALLINN_MAX_SOURCES,
   DEFAULT_TARKTEE_MAX_SOURCES,
   DEFAULT_NSW_MAX_SOURCES,
+  DEFAULT_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES,
   DRIVEBC_WEBCAMS_URL,
 } from '../../server/providers/cctv/constants.js';
 import {
@@ -221,7 +222,7 @@ test('CCTV catalog merges DriveBC cameras and CCTV_DRIVEBC_ENABLED=0 skips the r
   );
 });
 
-test('default per-pack camera caps fit inside the default catalog cap', () => {
+test('default caps of the original packs fit inside the default catalog cap', () => {
   // Every default pack at its own cap (Warendorf ships 1 curated camera).
   const packs =
     DEFAULT_AUSTIN_MAX_SOURCES +
@@ -234,6 +235,7 @@ test('default per-pack camera caps fit inside the default catalog cap', () => {
     DEFAULT_TALLINN_MAX_SOURCES +
     DEFAULT_TARKTEE_MAX_SOURCES +
     DEFAULT_NSW_MAX_SOURCES +
+    DEFAULT_CATALONIA_MAX_SOURCES +
     1;
   assert.ok(
     packs <= DEFAULT_CCTV_MAX_SOURCES,

src/data/cctvKingCountySource.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { mkdtempSync, rmSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import {
+  DEFAULT_KING_COUNTY_MAX_SOURCES,
+  KING_COUNTY_CAMERAS_URL,
+  KING_COUNTY_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/constants.js';
+import { loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData } from '../../server/providers/cctv/sources.js';
+import { normalizeSourceItem } from '../../server/providers/cctv/normalize.js';
+import { cctvProxy } from '../../server/providers/cctv.js';
+import { createCatalog } from '../layers/cctv/catalog.js';
+
+/** Set (or, for `undefined`, delete) environment variables for one test. */
+function withEnv(t, env) {
+  for (const [name, value] of Object.entries(env)) {
+    const previous = process.env[name];
+    t.after(() => {
+      if (previous === undefined) delete process.env[name];
+      else process.env[name] = previous;
+    });
+    if (value === undefined) delete process.env[name];
+    else process.env[name] = value;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Silence the loaders' progress and failure logging. */
+function quiet(t) {
+  t.mock.method(console, 'log', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+}
+
+/** A FeatureServer GeoJSON feature carrying the fields the loader reads. */
+function kingCountyFeature(id, lat, lon, overrides = {}) {
+  const { properties = {}, geometry } = overrides;
+  return {
+    type: 'Feature',
+    geometry:
+      geometry === undefined
+        ? { type: 'Point', coordinates: [lon, lat] }
+        : geometry,
+    properties: {
+      AssetID: id,
+      Location: `Road ${id} at Test Ave`,
+      ImageURL: `http://info.kingcounty.gov/transportation/kcdot/Roads/TrafficCameras/ImageHandler/Handler.ashx?id=cam${id}.jpg`,
+      Live: 1,
+      Model: '3950',
+      Manufacturer: 'Cohu',
+      Owner: 'King County',
+      CurrentStatus: 'Active',
+      ...properties,
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+test('King County loader keeps live county cameras and upgrades frame URLs to HTTPS', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  const requested = [];
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url) => {
+    requested.push(String(url));
+    return Response.json({
+      type: 'FeatureCollection',
+      features: [
+        kingCountyFeature(56, 47.70059, -122.02443, {
+          properties: {
+            Location: 'NE Novelty Hill Road at Trilogy Parkway NE',
+            // The live layer carries stray whitespace in model strings.
+            Model: 'Q6135-LE\n',
+            Manufacturer: 'Axis',
+          },
+        }),
+        // City-owned camera the county hosts: kept, owner becomes the credit.
+        kingCountyFeature(90, 47.674, -122.119, {
+          properties: { Owner: 'City of Newcastle', Model: null },
+        }),
+        // WSDOT-owned row: its frames are WSDOT-hosted, so it is skipped.
+        kingCountyFeature(70, 47.6, -122.3, { properties: { Owner: 'WSDOT' } }),
+        // Off-host frame, not live, retired, bad id, bad geometry, out of county.
+        kingCountyFeature(71, 47.6, -122.3, {
+          properties: { ImageURL: 'https://example.com/cam71.jpg' },
+        }),
+        kingCountyFeature(72, 47.6, -122.3, { properties: { Live: 0 } }),
+        kingCountyFeature(73, 47.6, -122.3, {
+          properties: { CurrentStatus: 'Retired' },
+        }),
+        kingCountyFeature('74', 47.6, -122.3),
+        kingCountyFeature(75, 47.6, -122.3, { geometry: null }),
+        kingCountyFeature(76, 34.05, -118.24),
+      ],
+    });
+  });
+
+  const cameras = await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData();
+
+  assert.deepEqual(requested, [KING_COUNTY_CAMERAS_URL]);
+  assert.deepEqual(cameras.map((camera) => camera.id).sort(), [
+    'kingcounty-56',
+    'kingcounty-90',
+  ]);
+
+  const novelty = cameras.find((camera) => camera.id === 'kingcounty-56');
+  assert.equal(novelty.name, 'NE Novelty Hill Road at Trilogy Parkway NE');
+  assert.equal(novelty.provider, 'King County Road Services');
+  assert.equal(
+    novelty.url,
+    'https://info.kingcounty.gov/transportation/kcdot/Roads/TrafficCameras/ImageHandler/Handler.ashx?id=cam56.jpg',
+  );
+  assert.equal(novelty.snapshotUrl, novelty.url);
+  assert.equal(novelty.feedType, 'image');
+  // Published hardware model rides along, whitespace-collapsed.
+  assert.equal(novelty.model, 'Q6135-LE');
+  assert.equal(novelty.manufacturer, 'Axis');
+  assert.equal(novelty.credit, '');
+  // No facing in the layer: id-hash fallback at low confidence.
+  assert.equal(novelty.headingConfidence, 'low');
+  assert.equal(novelty.fovDeg, 44);
+  assert.ok(novelty.headingDeg >= 0 && novelty.headingDeg < 360);
+
+  const newcastle = cameras.find((camera) => camera.id === 'kingcounty-90');
+  assert.equal(newcastle.credit, 'City of Newcastle');
+  assert.equal(newcastle.model, undefined);
+  // A manufacturer without a model identifies nothing, so it is dropped too.
+  assert.equal(newcastle.manufacturer, undefined);
+});
+
+test('normalizeSourceItem passes a hardware model through and omits it otherwise', () => {
+  const withModel = normalizeSourceItem({
+    id: 'kingcounty-56',
+    lat: 47.7,
+    lon: -122.0,
+    model: ' Q6135-LE ',
+    manufacturer: ' Axis ',
+  });
+  assert.equal(withModel.model, 'Q6135-LE');
+  assert.equal(withModel.manufacturer, 'Axis');
+
+  const withoutModel = normalizeSourceItem({
+    id: 'austin-1',
+    lat: 30.3,
+    lon: -97.7,
+  });
+  assert.equal(withoutModel.model, undefined);
+  assert.equal(withoutModel.manufacturer, undefined);
+  assert.equal(normalizeSourceItem({ id: 'x', model: '   ' }).model, undefined);
+});
+
+/** Drive the real `/api/cctv/sources` middleware and return its parsed body. */
+async function requestSources(plugin) {
+  let handler;
+  plugin.configureServer({
+    middlewares: {
+      use(_route, fn) {
+        handler = fn;
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  const res = {
+    writeHead(status, headers) {
+      Object.assign(this, { status, headers });
+    },
+    end(body) {
+      this.body = body;
+    },
+  };
+  await handler({ url: '/sources', method: 'GET' }, res);
+  assert.equal(res.status, 200);
+  return JSON.parse(res.body);
+}
+
+/** The browser catalog with the pose math stubbed out: only field
+ * passthrough is under test here. */
+function browserCatalog() {
+  const model = {
+    safeNumber: (value, fallback = NaN) =>
+      Number.isFinite(Number(value)) ? Number(value) : fallback,
+    normalizeHeading: (deg) => ((deg % 360) + 360) % 360,
+    clamp: (value, lo, hi) => Math.min(hi, Math.max(lo, value)),
+    headingFromId: () => 0,
+    normalizeFeedType: (type) => type,
+    ensureCameraPose: () => {},
+  };
+  return createCatalog({
+    state: {},
+    services: { locations: { CITY_POIS: {} } },
+    parts: { model },
+    source: {},
+  });
+}
+
+test('King County model and manufacturer survive the /api/cctv/sources boundary into the browser catalog', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  const root = mkdtempSync(path.join(tmpdir(), 'gev-kingcounty-'));
+  t.after(() => rmSync(root, { recursive: true, force: true }));
+  // No file/env catalog, so the live packs load; every pack but King County
+  // sees an upstream failure and contributes nothing.
+  withEnv(t, {
+    CCTV_SOURCES_FILE: undefined,
+    CCTV_SOURCES_JSON: undefined,
+    CCTV_FORCE_AUSTIN: undefined,
+    CCTV_PREFER_AUSTIN: undefined,
+    CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_ENABLED: undefined,
+    CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES: undefined,
+    CCTV_MAX_SOURCES: undefined,
+  });
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url) => {
+    if (String(url) !== KING_COUNTY_CAMERAS_URL)
+      return new Response('', { status: 503 });
+    return Response.json({
+      type: 'FeatureCollection',
+      features: [
+        kingCountyFeature(56, 47.70059, -122.02443, {
+          properties: { Model: 'Q6135-LE\n', Manufacturer: 'Axis' },
+        }),
+        kingCountyFeature(90, 47.674, -122.119, {
+          properties: { Model: null, Manufacturer: 'Cohu' },
+        }),
+      ],
+    });
+  });
+
+  const body = await requestSources(cctvProxy({ sourceRoot: root }));
+  const served = new Map(body.sources.map((source) => [source.id, source]));
+  assert.deepEqual([...served.keys()].sort(), [
+    'kingcounty-56',
+    'kingcounty-90',
+  ]);
+  assert.equal(served.get('kingcounty-56').model, 'Q6135-LE');
+  assert.equal(served.get('kingcounty-56').manufacturer, 'Axis');
+  // Absent hardware is an explicit empty string on the wire, like
+  // headingConfidence, so consumers never have to probe for the key.
+  assert.equal(served.get('kingcounty-90').model, '');
+  assert.equal(served.get('kingcounty-90').manufacturer, '');
+
+  const cameras = browserCatalog().buildCatalogFromSources(body.sources);
+  const byId = new Map(cameras.map((camera) => [camera.id, camera]));
+  assert.equal(byId.get('kingcounty-56').model, 'Q6135-LE');
+  assert.equal(byId.get('kingcounty-56').manufacturer, 'Axis');
+  assert.equal(byId.get('kingcounty-90').model, '');
+  assert.equal(byId.get('kingcounty-90').manufacturer, '');
+});
+
+test('King County loader honors the max-sources cap', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES: '8' });
+  const features = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < 24; i += 1) {
+    features.push(
+      kingCountyFeature(100 + i, 47.2 + i * 0.02, -122.4 + i * 0.02),
+    );
+  }
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () =>
+    Response.json({ type: 'FeatureCollection', features }),
+  );
+
+  const cameras = await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData();
+  assert.equal(cameras.length, 8);
+});
+
+test('King County loader defaults its cap and survives upstream failure', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  assert.equal(DEFAULT_KING_COUNTY_MAX_SOURCES, 125);
+
+  t.mock.method(
+    globalThis,
+    'fetch',
+    async () => new Response('', { status: 503 }),
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => {
+    throw new Error('network down');
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+});
+
+test('King County loader does not follow a redirected catalog', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  let init;
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (_url, options) => {
+    init = options;
+    return new Response(
+      JSON.stringify({
+        type: 'FeatureCollection',
+        features: [kingCountyFeature(56, 47.70059, -122.02443)],
+      }),
+      { status: 302, headers: { Location: 'https://example.com/cams' } },
+    );
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+  assert.equal(init.redirect, 'manual');
+});
+
+test('King County loader rejects an oversized catalog', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  const features = [kingCountyFeature(56, 47.70059, -122.02443)];
+  const body = JSON.stringify({
+    type: 'FeatureCollection',
+    features,
+    padding: 'x'.repeat(KING_COUNTY_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES),
+  });
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => new Response(body));
+
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData(), []);
+});
+
+test('King County loader drops duplicate ids before the per-pack cap', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES: '8' });
+  // Repeats of the camera nearest the anchor would fill an 8-camera cap
+  // before the second, farther camera if duplicates reached prioritization.
+  const features = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < 10; i += 1) {
+    features.push(kingCountyFeature(56, 47.4829, -122.2171));
+  }
+  features.push(kingCountyFeature(57, 47.70059, -122.02443));
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () =>
+    Response.json({ type: 'FeatureCollection', features }),
+  );
+
+  const cameras = await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData();
+  assert.deepEqual(cameras.map((camera) => camera.id).sort(), [
+    'kingcounty-56',
+    'kingcounty-57',
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('King County loader omits vendor-generic model strings', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_KINGCOUNTY_MAX_SOURCES: undefined });
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () =>
+    Response.json({
+      type: 'FeatureCollection',
+      features: [
+        kingCountyFeature(61, 47.5, -122.2, {
+          properties: { Model: 'PTZ', Manufacturer: 'Bosch' },
+        }),
+        kingCountyFeature(62, 47.51, -122.2, {
+          properties: { Model: 'PTZ IP', Manufacturer: 'Cohu' },
+        }),
+        kingCountyFeature(63, 47.52, -122.2, {
+          properties: { Model: 'BOSCH/PTZ', Manufacturer: 'Bosch' },
+        }),
+        kingCountyFeature(64, 47.53, -122.2, {
+          properties: { Model: 'AUTODOME IP 5000', Manufacturer: 'Bosch' },
+        }),
+      ],
+    }),
+  );
+
+  const byId = new Map(
+    (await loadKingCountySourcesFromOpenData()).map((camera) => [
+      camera.id,
+      camera,
+    ]),
+  );
+  for (const id of ['kingcounty-61', 'kingcounty-62', 'kingcounty-63']) {
+    assert.equal(byId.get(id).model, undefined, id);
+    assert.equal(byId.get(id).manufacturer, undefined, id);
+  }
+  assert.equal(byId.get('kingcounty-64').model, 'AUTODOME IP 5000');
+  assert.equal(byId.get('kingcounty-64').manufacturer, 'Bosch');
+});

src/data/cctvLithuania.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import {
+  lithuaniaCameraToSource,
+  loadLithuaniaSources,
+  LITHUANIA_CAMERAS_URL,
+  LITHUANIA_LOCATIONS_URL,
+  LITHUANIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/lithuania.js';
+import { createCctvCatalog } from '../../server/providers/cctv/catalog.js';
+
+const row = {
+  id: 72,
+  name: 'Vilnius A1 10,04',
+  x: 576154,
+  y: 6056867,
+  image:
+    'https://eismoinfo.lt/eismoinfo-backend/image-provider/camera/last?id=72',
+};
+const feature = {
+  id: '72',
+  points: [{ point: [54.642550940833566, 25.17981587877114] }],
+};
+const layers = [{ layer: 'VKR', features: [feature] }];
+
+test('Lithuania joins by ID and uses WGS84 latitude/longitude, never LKS-94 metres', () => {
+  const camera = lithuaniaCameraToSource(row, feature);
+  assert.equal(camera.id, 'lithuania-72');
+  assert.equal(camera.lat, 54.642550940833566);
+  assert.equal(camera.lon, 25.17981587877114);
+  assert.equal(camera.name, 'Vilnius A1 10,04');
+  assert.equal(camera.feedType, 'image');
+  assert.equal(camera.headingConfidence, 'low');
+  assert.equal(camera.url, row.image);
+  assert.match(camera.credit, /Via Lietuva/);
+});
+
+test('invalid joins, coordinates and image destinations cannot enter the proxy registry', () => {
+  for (const invalid of [
+    null,
+    { ...feature, id: '8' },
+    { ...feature, points: [] },
+    { ...feature, points: [{ point: [25.18, 54.64] }] },
+    { ...feature, points: [{ point: [576154, 6056867] }] },
+    { ...feature, points: [{ point: [null, 25] }] },
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(lithuaniaCameraToSource(row, invalid), null);
+  }
+  for (const image of [
+    'http://eismoinfo.lt/eismoinfo-backend/image-provider/camera/last?id=72',
+    row.image.replace('eismoinfo.lt', 'eismoinfo.lt.evil.test'),
+    row.image.replace('https://', 'https://user:pass@'),
+    row.image.replace('id=72', 'id=8'),
+    'http://127.0.0.1/private',
+    '',
+    null,
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(lithuaniaCameraToSource({ ...row, image }, feature), null);
+  }
+  assert.equal(
+    lithuaniaCameraToSource(
+      { ...row, image: row.image + '&extra=ignored' },
+      feature,
+    ).url,
+    row.image,
+  );
+  assert.equal(lithuaniaCameraToSource(null, feature), null);
+});
+
+function mockCatalogs(t) {
+  const requested = [];
+  t.mock.method(console, 'log', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url, options) => {
+    requested.push(String(url));
+    if (url === LITHUANIA_CAMERAS_URL) {
+      assert.equal(options.redirect, 'manual');
+      return Response.json([row, row, { ...row, id: 999 }]);
+    }
+    if (url === LITHUANIA_LOCATIONS_URL) return Response.json(layers);
+    return Response.json([]);
+  });
+  return requested;
+}
+
+test('loader deduplicates and omits cameras without matching published coordinates', async (t) => {
+  const requested = mockCatalogs(t);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    (await loadLithuaniaSources()).map((c) => c.id),
+    ['lithuania-72'],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    requested.sort(),
+    [LITHUANIA_CAMERAS_URL, LITHUANIA_LOCATIONS_URL].sort(),
+  );
+});
+
+/** Run one catalog refresh with CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED set to `flag`
+ * (undefined leaves it unset), restoring the environment afterwards. */
+async function runCatalogWithLithuaniaFlag(t, flag) {
+  const requested = mockCatalogs(t);
+  const saved = process.env.CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED;
+  try {
+    if (flag === undefined) delete process.env.CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED;
+    else process.env.CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED = flag;
+    const sources = await createCctvCatalog({ sourceRoot: '/nonexistent' })();
+    return { requested, sources };
+  } finally {
+    if (saved === undefined) delete process.env.CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED;
+    else process.env.CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED = saved;
+  }
+}
+
+test('CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED=1 wires the Lithuania pack into the catalog', async (t) => {
+  const { sources } = await runCatalogWithLithuaniaFlag(t, '1');
+  assert.equal(
+    sources.find((c) => c.id === 'lithuania-72')?.cityId,
+    'lithuania',
+  );
+});
+
+// The camera endpoints are the eismoinfo.lt website backend, not a service the
+// open-data statement lists, so an install that has not opted in must never
+// contact them.
+for (const [label, flag] of [
+  ['an unset CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED', undefined],
+  ['an empty CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED', ''],
+  ['CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED=0', '0'],
+  ['CCTV_LITHUANIA_ENABLED=true', 'true'],
+]) {
+  test(`${label} makes no Lithuania request`, async (t) => {
+    const { requested, sources } = await runCatalogWithLithuaniaFlag(t, flag);
+    assert.ok(requested.length > 0, 'the other packs still refreshed');
+    assert.equal(
+      requested.some((href) => href.includes('eismoinfo.lt')),
+      false,
+      'the pack never reaches its upstream',
+    );
+    assert.ok(!sources.some((c) => c.cityId === 'lithuania'));
+  });
+}
+
+test('a failed catalog cancels the sibling request instead of waiting for the timeout', async (t) => {
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  let siblingSignal;
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url, options) => {
+    if (url === LITHUANIA_CAMERAS_URL) {
+      return new Response('', { status: 503 });
+    }
+    siblingSignal = options.signal;
+    // Never settles on its own; only an abort ends it.
+    return new Promise((_, reject) => {
+      options.signal.addEventListener('abort', () =>
+        reject(options.signal.reason),
+      );
+    });
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadLithuaniaSources(), []);
+  assert.equal(siblingSignal?.aborted, true);
+  assert.notEqual(siblingSignal.reason?.name, 'TimeoutError');
+});
+
+test('a redirected catalog is reported as not followed', async (t) => {
+  const warnings = [];
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', (...args) => warnings.push(args.join(' ')));
+  t.mock.method(
+    globalThis,
+    'fetch',
+    async () =>
+      new Response('', {
+        status: 302,
+        headers: { Location: 'http://127.0.0.1/' },
+      }),
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadLithuaniaSources(), []);
+  assert.ok(warnings.some((line) => /redirects are not followed/.test(line)));
+});
+
+test('failed, redirected, malformed and oversized catalogs degrade to an empty pack', async (t) => {
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  for (const makeResponse of [
+    () => new Response('', { status: 503 }),
+    () =>
+      new Response('', {
+        status: 302,
+        headers: { Location: 'http://127.0.0.1/' },
+      }),
+    () => new Response('invalid json'),
+    () => Response.json({ unexpected: true }),
+    () =>
+      new Response('[]', {
+        headers: { 'Content-Length': String(LITHUANIA_MAX_CATALOG_BYTES + 1) },
+      }),
+  ]) {
+    t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => makeResponse());
+    assert.deepEqual(await loadLithuaniaSources(), []);
+  }
+});

src/data/cctvLod.js

@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ const PROVIDER_STATIC_REFRESH_MS = Object.freeze({
   // collectionInterval, 600 s for every station sampled; polling faster only
   // re-fetches the same JPEG.
   fintraffic: 10 * 60 * 1000,
+  // Measured empirically (2026-09-15): polling the same SCT/Terrassa frame
+  // every 20s showed no change inside 64s but a new frame by ~90-150s later —
+  // matches the other highway packs' 3-minute cadence.
+  'servei català de trànsit': 3 * 60 * 1000,
 });
 
 /**

src/data/cctvLod.test.mjs

@@ -641,6 +641,10 @@ test('staticFrameRefreshMs follows known pack cadences and bounds explicit value
   assert.equal(staticFrameRefreshMs({ provider: 'TxDOT' }), 180_000);
   // Digitraffic publishes one weathercam frame per 600 s collection interval.
   assert.equal(staticFrameRefreshMs({ provider: 'Fintraffic' }), 600_000);
+  assert.equal(
+    staticFrameRefreshMs({ provider: 'Servei Català de Trànsit' }),
+    180_000,
+  );
   assert.equal(staticFrameRefreshMs({ frameRefreshMs: 5_000 }), 60_000);
   assert.equal(staticFrameRefreshMs({ frameRefreshMs: 3_000_000 }), 1_200_000);
   assert.equal(staticFrameRefreshMs({ provider: 'Unknown Provider' }), 300_000);

src/data/cctvMediaFeedType.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+// /api/cctv/media is the live-feed relay. A still camera used to be relayed
+// through it as well, by an ordinary redirect-following fetch with no content
+// type check and no body cap, which side-stepped everything /api/cctv/frame
+// enforces for the same URL. These pin that a still is refused there and only
+// reachable through /frame, while live feeds keep their relay.
+//
+// Run with: npm test   (node --test)
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { Readable } from 'node:stream';
+import { cctvProxy } from '../../server/providers/cctv.js';
+
+const STILL = {
+  id: 'still-fixture',
+  name: 'Still fixture',
+  lat: 30.27,
+  lon: -97.74,
+  feedType: 'image',
+  url: 'https://cams.upstream.invalid/still.jpg',
+};
+// 'jpg' normalizes to 'image'; the alias must not reopen the relay.
+const STILL_ALIAS = {
+  ...STILL,
+  id: 'still-alias',
+  feedType: 'jpg',
+  url: 'https://cams.upstream.invalid/alias.jpg',
+};
+const VIDEO = {
+  id: 'video-fixture',
+  name: 'Video fixture',
+  lat: 30.27,
+  lon: -97.74,
+  feedType: 'video',
+  url: 'https://cams.upstream.invalid/live.mp4',
+};
+const MJPEG = {
+  id: 'mjpeg-fixture',
+  name: 'MJPEG fixture',
+  lat: 30.27,
+  lon: -97.74,
+  feedType: 'mjpeg',
+  url: 'https://cams.upstream.invalid/live.mjpg',
+};
+
+/** A minimal upstream Response with a streaming body. */
+function upstreamResponse({ status = 200, headers = {}, body = 'payload' }) {
+  const store = new Map(
+    Object.entries(headers).map(([key, value]) => [key.toLowerCase(), value]),
+  );
+  return {
+    ok: status >= 200 && status < 300,
+    status,
+    headers: { get: (name) => store.get(String(name).toLowerCase()) ?? null },
+    body: Readable.toWeb(Readable.from([Buffer.from(String(body))])),
+  };
+}
+
+/** Collects what a handler wrote, the way a Node ServerResponse would. */
+function recordingResponse() {
+  const chunks = [];
+  let finished;
+  const done = new Promise((resolve) => {
+    finished = resolve;
+  });
+  const res = {
+    statusCode: 0,
+    headers: {},
+    writableEnded: false,
+    body: '',
+    writeHead(status, headers) {
+      res.statusCode = status;
+      res.headers = headers || {};
+    },
+    write(chunk) {
+      chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
+      return true;
+    },
+    end(chunk) {
+      if (chunk) chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
+      res.writableEnded = true;
+      res.body = Buffer.concat(chunks).toString('utf8');
+      finished();
+    },
+    on() {},
+    once() {},
+    emit() {},
+    destroy() {},
+  };
+  return { res, done };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Mount the real provider over the fixture cameras and answer every upstream
+ * request from the supplied function.
+ */
+function mount(t, respond) {
+  const before = {
+    json: process.env.CCTV_SOURCES_JSON,
+    file: process.env.CCTV_SOURCES_FILE,
+    austin: process.env.CCTV_FORCE_AUSTIN,
+    serverKey: process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_SERVER_API_KEY,
+    browserKey: process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY,
+  };
+  process.env.CCTV_SOURCES_JSON = JSON.stringify([
+    STILL,
+    STILL_ALIAS,
+    VIDEO,
+    MJPEG,
+  ]);
+  process.env.CCTV_SOURCES_FILE = 'absent-source-file.json';
+  process.env.CCTV_FORCE_AUSTIN = '0';
+  // No Street View key: a /frame miss lands on the synthetic billboard rather
+  // than a network call this file does not model.
+  delete process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_SERVER_API_KEY;
+  delete process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY;
+  const nativeFetch = globalThis.fetch;
+  const requests = [];
+  globalThis.fetch = async (url, init = {}) => {
+    requests.push({ url: String(url), redirect: init.redirect });
+    return respond({ url: String(url), init });
+  };
+  t.after(() => {
+    globalThis.fetch = nativeFetch;
+    for (const [name, value] of [
+      ['CCTV_SOURCES_JSON', before.json],
+      ['CCTV_SOURCES_FILE', before.file],
+      ['CCTV_FORCE_AUSTIN', before.austin],
+      ['GOOGLE_MAPS_SERVER_API_KEY', before.serverKey],
+      ['GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY', before.browserKey],
+    ]) {
+      if (value === undefined) delete process.env[name];
+      else process.env[name] = value;
+    }
+  });
+
+  let handler = null;
+  cctvProxy().configureServer({
+    middlewares: {
+      use: (_route, fn) => {
+        handler = fn;
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  assert.ok(handler, 'the CCTV provider must mount a middleware');
+
+  const call = async (path) => {
+    const { res, done } = recordingResponse();
+    await handler({ url: path, headers: {}, method: 'GET', on() {} }, res);
+    await done;
+    return res;
+  };
+  const health = async (id) => {
+    const res = await call('/health');
+    return JSON.parse(res.body).cameras.find((entry) => entry.id === id);
+  };
+  return { call, health, requests };
+}
+
+test('a still camera is refused by /media without any upstream request', async (t) => {
+  // Everything the old relay would have done with this camera: redirect to a
+  // private address, then answer with HTML.
+  const app = mount(t, ({ url }) =>
+    url.includes('169.254.169.254')
+      ? upstreamResponse({
+          headers: { 'content-type': 'text/html' },
+          body: '<html>metadata</html>',
+        })
+      : upstreamResponse({
+          status: 302,
+          headers: { location: 'http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/' },
+          body: '',
+        }),
+  );
+  for (const camera of [STILL, STILL_ALIAS]) {
+    const res = await app.call(`/media/${camera.id}`);
+    assert.equal(res.statusCode, 404, camera.id);
+    assert.equal(res.headers['Content-Type'], 'application/json');
+    assert.deepEqual(JSON.parse(res.body), {
+      error: 'No live media for this camera; use the frame endpoint',
+    });
+    assert.doesNotMatch(res.body, /metadata/);
+    // Being asked on the wrong route is not a camera fault.
+    assert.equal(await app.health(camera.id), undefined);
+  }
+  assert.deepEqual(app.requests, [], 'a still camera reached its upstream');
+});
+
+test('an unregistered camera id is refused by /media the same way', async (t) => {
+  const app = mount(t, () => {
+    throw new Error('an unknown camera must not fetch');
+  });
+  const res = await app.call('/media/not-a-camera');
+  assert.equal(res.statusCode, 404);
+  assert.equal(app.requests.length, 0);
+});
+
+test('a video camera is still relayed by /media', async (t) => {
+  const app = mount(t, () =>
+    upstreamResponse({
+      headers: { 'content-type': 'video/mp4', 'content-length': '5' },
+      body: 'video',
+    }),
+  );
+  const res = await app.call(`/media/${VIDEO.id}`);
+  assert.equal(res.statusCode, 200);
+  assert.equal(res.headers['Content-Type'], 'video/mp4');
+  assert.equal(res.headers['X-CCTV-Source'], 'live-media');
+  assert.equal(res.body, 'video');
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    app.requests.map(({ url }) => url),
+    [VIDEO.url],
+  );
+  assert.equal((await app.health(VIDEO.id)).status, 'ok');
+});
+
+test('an MJPEG camera is still relayed by /media', async (t) => {
+  const app = mount(t, () =>
+    upstreamResponse({
+      headers: { 'content-type': 'multipart/x-mixed-replace; boundary=frame' },
+      body: '--frame',
+    }),
+  );
+  const res = await app.call(`/media/${MJPEG.id}`);
+  assert.equal(res.statusCode, 200);
+  assert.match(res.headers['Content-Type'], /^multipart\/x-mixed-replace/);
+  assert.equal(res.body, '--frame');
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    app.requests.map(({ url }) => url),
+    [MJPEG.url],
+  );
+});
+
+test('a still camera is still served through /frame with its bounded fetch', async (t) => {
+  const app = mount(t, () =>
+    upstreamResponse({
+      headers: { 'content-type': 'image/jpeg' },
+      body: 'jpeg-bytes',
+    }),
+  );
+  const res = await app.call(`/frame/${STILL.id}`);
+  assert.equal(res.statusCode, 200);
+  assert.equal(res.headers['Content-Type'], 'image/jpeg');
+  assert.equal(res.headers['X-CCTV-Source'], 'upstream-image');
+  assert.equal(res.body, 'jpeg-bytes');
+  assert.deepEqual(app.requests, [{ url: STILL.url, redirect: 'manual' }]);
+});
+
+test('/frame does not follow a still camera off its origin', async (t) => {
+  // The protection /media used to bypass, shown on the route that keeps it.
+  const app = mount(t, ({ url }) =>
+    url === STILL.url
+      ? upstreamResponse({
+          status: 302,
+          headers: { location: 'http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/' },
+          body: '',
+        })
+      : upstreamResponse({
+          headers: { 'content-type': 'image/jpeg' },
+          body: 'private',
+        }),
+  );
+  const res = await app.call(`/frame/${STILL.id}`);
+  assert.equal(res.statusCode, 200);
+  assert.equal(res.headers['X-CCTV-Source'], 'synthetic');
+  assert.doesNotMatch(res.body, /private/);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    app.requests.map(({ url }) => url),
+    [STILL.url],
+  );
+});

src/data/cctvMissingNumbers.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { mkdtempSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import {
+  fallbackHeadingFromId,
+  isLikelyCataloniaCoordinate,
+  toFiniteNumber,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/normalize.js';
+import {
+  loadCaltransSourcesFromOpenData,
+  loadTallinnSourcesFromCatalog,
+  loadTflSourcesFromOpenData,
+  parseCataloniaXml,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/sources.js';
+import { cctvProxy } from '../../server/providers/cctv.js';
+import { createCatalog } from '../layers/cctv/catalog.js';
+import { createModel } from '../layers/cctv/model.js';
+
+/** Values `Number` reads as 0 (or 1) although they carry no number. */
+const ABSENT = [null, undefined, '', ' ', false, true];
+
+/** Set env vars for one test and restore them afterwards. */
+function withEnv(t, env) {
+  for (const [name, value] of Object.entries(env)) {
+    const previous = process.env[name];
+    t.after(() => {
+      if (previous === undefined) delete process.env[name];
+      else process.env[name] = previous;
+    });
+    if (value === undefined) delete process.env[name];
+    else process.env[name] = value;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Silence the loaders' progress and failure logging. */
+function quiet(t) {
+  t.mock.method(console, 'log', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+}
+
+/** The production browser model; only the catalog's pose pass is stubbed. */
+function browserModel() {
+  const parts = {};
+  parts.model = createModel({
+    state: {},
+    services: { focus: {} },
+    parts,
+    source: {},
+  });
+  return parts.model;
+}
+
+/** The browser catalog over the production model. */
+function browserCatalog(model, cityPois = {}) {
+  return createCatalog({
+    state: {},
+    services: { locations: { CITY_POIS: cityPois } },
+    parts: { model: { ...model, ensureCameraPose: () => {} } },
+    source: {},
+  });
+}
+
+/** GET /api/cctv/sources through the real proxy middleware. */
+async function requestSources(plugin) {
+  let handler;
+  plugin.configureServer({
+    middlewares: {
+      use(_route, fn) {
+        handler = fn;
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  const res = {
+    writeHead(status, headers) {
+      Object.assign(this, { status, headers });
+    },
+    end(body) {
+      this.body = body;
+    },
+  };
+  await handler({ url: '/sources', method: 'GET' }, res);
+  assert.equal(res.status, 200);
+  return JSON.parse(res.body);
+}
+
+test('absent, blank and boolean values take the fallback on both sides of the source list', () => {
+  const { safeNumber } = browserModel();
+  for (const value of ABSENT) {
+    assert.ok(Number.isNaN(toFiniteNumber(value)), `server ${String(value)}`);
+    assert.equal(toFiniteNumber(value, 15), 15, `server ${String(value)}`);
+    assert.ok(Number.isNaN(safeNumber(value)), `browser ${String(value)}`);
+    assert.equal(safeNumber(value, 74), 74, `browser ${String(value)}`);
+  }
+  for (const [value, expected] of [
+    [0, 0],
+    ['0', 0],
+    [-17, -17],
+    [' 12.5 ', 12.5],
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(toFiniteNumber(value, 99), expected);
+    assert.equal(safeNumber(value, 99), expected);
+  }
+});
+
+test('a source-pack camera that omits or nulls its pose gets the browser defaults, not the clamp floors', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  const pose = {
+    headingDeg: null,
+    pitchDeg: null,
+    fovDeg: null,
+    rangeM: null,
+    mountHeightM: null,
+    groundElevationM: null,
+  };
+  const at = { cityId: 'austin', lat: 30.2672, lon: -97.7431 };
+  withEnv(t, {
+    CCTV_SOURCES_FILE: path.join(tmpdir(), 'gev-no-such-pack.json'),
+    CCTV_SOURCES_JSON: JSON.stringify([
+      { id: 'pack-pose-omitted', ...at, feedType: 'image' },
+      { id: 'pack-pose-null', ...at, ...pose, feedType: 'image' },
+      { id: 'pack-coords-null', lat: null, lon: null, feedType: 'image' },
+      { id: 'pack-coords-blank', lat: '', lon: ' ', feedType: 'image' },
+    ]),
+  });
+
+  const body = await requestSources(cctvProxy({ sourceRoot: tmpdir() }));
+  const model = browserModel();
+  const cameras = browserCatalog(model, {
+    austin: { name: 'Austin', groundElevation: 150 },
+  }).buildCatalogFromSources(body.sources);
+  const byId = new Map(cameras.map((camera) => [camera.id, camera]));
+
+  for (const id of ['pack-pose-omitted', 'pack-pose-null']) {
+    const camera = byId.get(id);
+    assert.ok(camera, id);
+    assert.equal(camera.headingDeg, model.headingFromId(id), id);
+    assert.equal(camera.pitchDeg, -17, id);
+    assert.equal(camera.fovDeg, 74, id);
+    assert.equal(camera.rangeM, 700, id);
+    assert.equal(camera.mountHeightM, 24, id);
+    assert.equal(camera.groundElevationM, 150, id);
+  }
+  // No position is not a camera in the Gulf of Guinea.
+  assert.equal(byId.has('pack-coords-null'), false);
+  assert.equal(byId.has('pack-coords-blank'), false);
+});
+
+test('Tallinn rows with a null heading or ground keep the low-confidence prior', (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  const root = mkdtempSync(path.join(tmpdir(), 'gev-tallinn-'));
+  t.after(() => rmSync(root, { recursive: true, force: true }));
+  const file = path.join(root, 'tallinn.json');
+  writeFileSync(
+    file,
+    JSON.stringify([
+      {
+        id: 'tln-null-heading',
+        lat: 59.437,
+        lon: 24.753,
+        headingDeg: null,
+        groundElevationM: null,
+        url: 'https://ristmikud.tallinn.ee/last/cam001.jpg',
+      },
+    ]),
+  );
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_TALLINN_SOURCES_FILE: file });
+
+  const [camera] = loadTallinnSourcesFromCatalog({ sourceRoot: root });
+  assert.equal(camera.headingConfidence, 'low');
+  assert.equal(camera.headingDeg, fallbackHeadingFromId('tln-null-heading'));
+  assert.equal(camera.groundElevationM, 15);
+});
+
+test('TfL JamCams with null coordinates are dropped instead of placed at 0,0', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  const jamCam = (id, lat, lon) => ({
+    id: `JamCams_${id}`,
+    commonName: `JamCam ${id}`,
+    lat,
+    lon,
+    additionalProperties: [
+      { key: 'available', value: 'true' },
+      {
+        key: 'imageUrl',
+        value: `https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/jamcams.tfl.gov.uk/${id}.jpg`,
+      },
+    ],
+  });
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () =>
+    Response.json([
+      jamCam('00001.00001', 51.5072, -0.1276),
+      jamCam('00001.00002', null, null),
+      jamCam('00001.00003', 51.5072, ''),
+    ]),
+  );
+
+  const cameras = await loadTflSourcesFromOpenData();
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    cameras.map((camera) => camera.id),
+    ['tfl-00001.00001'],
+  );
+});
+
+test('a Catalonia feature with a blank longitude is not read as the zero meridian', () => {
+  const feature = (coordinates) => `<gml:featureMember>
+    <cite:cameres fid="cameres.1">
+      <gml:coordinates>${coordinates}</gml:coordinates>
+      <cite:link>https://example.org/cam.jpg</cite:link>
+    </cite:cameres>
+  </gml:featureMember>`;
+  const [blank, valid] = parseCataloniaXml(
+    feature(',41.5') + feature('2.17,41.39'),
+  );
+  // 0 °E at 41.5 °N is inside the Catalonia box, so a zero would pass it.
+  assert.ok(Number.isNaN(blank.lon));
+  assert.equal(isLikelyCataloniaCoordinate(blank.lat, blank.lon), false);
+  assert.equal(isLikelyCataloniaCoordinate(valid.lat, valid.lon), true);
+});
+
+test('a Caltrans camera with a blank elevation keeps the 150 m ground prior', async (t) => {
+  quiet(t);
+  withEnv(t, { CCTV_CALTRANS_DISTRICTS: '4' });
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () =>
+    Response.json({
+      data: [
+        {
+          cctv: {
+            inService: 'true',
+            location: {
+              latitude: '37.8044',
+              longitude: '-122.2712',
+              elevation: '',
+              locationName: 'TV101 -- I-880 : Test Ave',
+            },
+            imageData: {
+              static: {
+                currentImageURL:
+                  'https://cwwp2.dot.ca.gov/data/d4/cctv/image/tv101/tv101.jpg',
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    }),
+  );
+
+  const [camera] = await loadCaltransSourcesFromOpenData();
+  assert.ok(camera);
+  assert.equal(camera.groundElevationM, 150);
+});