Move QA scripts to the shared harness, batch 3 of 4

Each script launches and closes Chrome through scripts/qa/browser.mjs,
waits on the application through scripts/qa/ready.mjs instead of the
loading screen and fixed pauses, and reads the contract instead of
Cesium where the check is not about Cesium itself.

scripts/qa-layer-visibility.mjs

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
 /**
  * Real-browser proof for manager-owned periodic work and document visibility.
  * Uses the app's development-only layer registration seam; no provider keys.
  * Run: node scripts/qa-layer-visibility.mjs --url http://localhost:4173
  * Hiding uses a real background tab, never a patched document.hidden getter.
  */
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import { chromeExecutablePath } from './qa-chrome.mjs';
 
 const args = process.argv.slice(2);
@@ -17,8 +18,7 @@ const url = new URL(
     'http://localhost:4173',
 );
 url.searchParams.set('welcome', '0');
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  executablePath: chromeExecutablePath(),
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ try {
   await page.waitForFunction(
     () => window.__gevQaRegisterLayer && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
   );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(async () => {
     const manager = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager;
     window.__qaVisibilityUpdates = 0;
@@ -120,5 +121,5 @@ try {
   );
   console.log('RESULT: 7 passed');
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-location-controls.mjs

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 /** Location UI acceptance; controlled search results isolate UI races from geocoder availability. */
+import { whenSettled, whenTilesLoaded } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
-    ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-      ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-      : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+    ...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []),
   ],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
@@ -26,11 +25,10 @@ try {
     { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' },
   );
   await page.waitForFunction(
-    () =>
-      window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._locationControls &&
-      document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
+    () => window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._locationControls,
     { timeout: 60000 },
   );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.click('#location-bar-toggle');
   await page.click('[data-pin-target="location-bar"]');
   const cityId = await page.$eval(
@@ -114,10 +112,7 @@ try {
     },
     { timeout: 30000 },
   );
-  await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => !window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera._currentFlight,
-    { timeout: 10000 },
-  );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   check(
     'native geo URI search shows the decimal coordinate readout',
     await page.evaluate(() => {
@@ -135,7 +130,7 @@ try {
   check(
     'geo URI navigation settles near the requested coordinate',
     await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const position = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.positionCartographic;
+      const position = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic;
       const degrees = 180 / Math.PI;
       return (
         Math.abs(position.latitude * degrees - 39.7392) < 0.05 &&
@@ -252,36 +247,17 @@ try {
     document.getElementById('poi-row').classList.contains('expanded'),
   );
   // Finish the camera's existing city flight before inspecting both layouts.
-  await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => !window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera._currentFlight,
-    { timeout: 10000 },
-  );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(
     () =>
       new Promise((resolve) =>
         requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(resolve)),
       ),
   );
-  const settled = await page
-    .waitForFunction(
-      () => {
-        const scene = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene;
-        for (let index = 0; index < scene.primitives.length; index++) {
-          const primitive = scene.primitives.get(index);
-          if (
-            typeof primitive.tilesLoaded === 'boolean' &&
-            !primitive.tilesLoaded
-          )
-            return false;
-        }
-        return true;
-      },
-      { timeout: 60000 },
-    )
-    .then(
-      () => true,
-      () => false,
-    );
+  const settled = await whenTilesLoaded(page, { timeoutMs: 60000 }).then(
+    () => true,
+    () => false,
+  );
   check('visible city tiles settle before screenshots', settled);
   fs.mkdirSync('qa-shots/location-controls', { recursive: true });
   await page.screenshot({ path: 'qa-shots/location-controls/desktop.png' });
@@ -301,7 +277,8 @@ try {
       if (!pending) return false;
       await pending;
       return (
-        !ui.orbitController.active && !window.__godsEyeView.viewer.trackedEntity
+        !ui.orbitController.active &&
+        !window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.following()
       );
     }),
   );
@@ -329,7 +306,7 @@ try {
   );
   check('no uncaught browser errors', errors.length === 0);
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 console.log(`RESULT: ${failures} failures`);
 process.exitCode = failures ? 1 : 0;

scripts/qa-map-source-controls.mjs

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
 /** Browser acceptance for Map Source control lifecycle and truthful selection. */
+import { whenSettled, whenTilesLoaded } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
-    ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-      ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-      : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+    ...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []),
   ],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
@@ -25,17 +25,7 @@ try {
   const url = new URL(process.env.QA_BASE_URL || 'http://127.0.0.1:4173');
   url.searchParams.set('welcome', '0');
   await page.goto(url.href, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
-  await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => {
-      const cover = document.getElementById('loading-screen');
-      return (
-        window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._mapSourceControls &&
-        cover?.classList.contains('hidden') &&
-        Number(getComputedStyle(cover).opacity) === 0
-      );
-    },
-    { timeout: 60_000 },
-  );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(() => {
     const manager = window.__godsEyeView.styleManager;
     const controller = manager.mapStackController;
@@ -132,19 +122,17 @@ try {
     });
     document.querySelector('.map-stack-chip.active')?.focus();
   });
-  await page.evaluate(() => {
-    const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-    viewer.camera.cancelFlight?.();
-    viewer.scene.tweens?.removeAll?.();
-    viewer.camera.setView({
-      destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+  await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight?.();
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+      destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
         longitude: (-97.7431 * Math.PI) / 180,
         latitude: (30.2568 * Math.PI) / 180,
         height: 1200,
       }),
       orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -0.85, roll: 0 },
     });
-    viewer.scene.requestRender();
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
   });
   await page.evaluate(
     () =>
@@ -152,26 +140,10 @@ try {
         requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(resolve)),
       ),
   );
-  const settled = await page
-    .waitForFunction(
-      () => {
-        const primitives = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.primitives;
-        for (let i = 0; i < primitives.length; i++) {
-          const primitive = primitives.get(i);
-          if (
-            typeof primitive.tilesLoaded === 'boolean' &&
-            !primitive.tilesLoaded
-          )
-            return false;
-        }
-        return true;
-      },
-      { timeout: 60_000 },
-    )
-    .then(
-      () => true,
-      () => false,
-    );
+  const settled = await whenTilesLoaded(page, { timeoutMs: 60_000 }).then(
+    () => true,
+    () => false,
+  );
   check('visible tile content settles before visual captures', settled);
   fs.mkdirSync('qa-shots/map-source-controls', { recursive: true });
   await page.screenshot({ path: 'qa-shots/map-source-controls/desktop.png' });
@@ -206,7 +178,7 @@ try {
   check('no uncaught browser errors', errors.length === 0);
   if (errors.length) console.log(JSON.stringify(errors));
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 console.log(`RESULT: ${failures} failures`);
 process.exitCode = failures ? 1 : 0;

scripts/qa-map-source-tray.mjs

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 /** Focused browser proof for the responsive, accessible Map Source tray. */
+import { whenSettled, whenUiSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
 const repoRoot = path.resolve(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), '..');
 const shotsDir = process.env.QA_SHOTS_DIR || path.join(repoRoot, 'qa-shots', 'map-source-tray');
@@ -18,26 +19,12 @@ const headful = process.argv.includes('--headful');
 // branch.
 const forceKeyless = process.argv.includes('--keyless')
   || process.env.QA_MAP_SOURCE_TRAY_KEYLESS === '1';
-const executablePath = process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH
-  || await puppeteer.executablePath().catch(() => null);
 
-if (!executablePath || !fs.existsSync(executablePath)) {
-  throw new Error('Puppeteer Chrome for Testing is unavailable');
-}
 fs.mkdirSync(shotsDir, { recursive: true });
 
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  headless: headful ? false : 'new',
-  executablePath,
-  // Metal is a macOS-only ANGLE backend: passing it on Windows or Linux makes
-  // WebGL initialization fail outright, so Cesium never constructs and this
-  // harness dies at the boot wait before a single assertion runs.
-  args: [
-    ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-      ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-      : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
-    '--no-sandbox',
-  ],
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
+  headless: true,
+  args: [...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []), '--no-sandbox'],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
 const failures = [];
@@ -154,7 +141,7 @@ const pressTabs = async (count, backwards = false) => {
     if (backwards) await page.keyboard.up('Shift');
   }
   // The row scrolls smoothly when native Tab brings an edge button into view.
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 250));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
 };
 // Phones (≤720px) present the dock's Presets inline in the More tab's sheet.
 // It opens from the keyboard, as a keyboard user would, so the focus it moves
@@ -218,7 +205,7 @@ const tabTo = async (selector, { backwards = false, limit = 160 } = {}) => {
     for (let step = 1; step <= limit; step += 1) {
       await page.keyboard.press('Tab');
       if (await page.evaluate((match) => document.activeElement?.matches(match), selector)) {
-        await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 250));
+        await whenUiSettled(page);
         return { reached: true, steps: step };
       }
     }
@@ -304,10 +291,7 @@ try {
   // tray assertion into a mission or voice action in a pristine browser.
   await page.goto(`${appUrl}/?welcome=0`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60_000 });
   await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager, { timeout: 60_000 });
-  await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-    { timeout: 60_000 },
-  );
+  await whenSettled(page);
 
   const presentation = await page.evaluate(() => ({
     ids: [...document.querySelectorAll('.map-stack-chip')].map((chip) => chip.dataset.stackId),
@@ -1103,9 +1087,9 @@ try {
   const clickTileThenLeave = async (stackId) => {
     await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager
       .setPanelCollapsed('control-panel', false, { explicit: true }));
-    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 240));
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     await page.click(`[data-stack-id="${stackId}"]`);
-    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 120));
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     const afterClick = await readTrayState();
     await page.mouse.move(20, 20); // leave the dock entirely → pointerleave
     // Past the 420 ms unpinned close delay with room for a slow frame.
@@ -1121,7 +1105,7 @@ try {
   await setControlPanelPinned(false);
   await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager
     .setPanelCollapsed('control-panel', true, { explicit: true }));
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 200));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   await page.focus('#control-panel-toggle');
   await page.keyboard.press('Enter'); // opens and hands focus to the active tile
   const selectedForHold = await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.mapStackController.getActiveId());
@@ -1136,7 +1120,7 @@ try {
   await page.keyboard.press('Tab');
   if (activeIsLastTile) await page.keyboard.up('Shift');
   await page.keyboard.press('Enter'); // activate it from the keyboard
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 200));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   const keyboardAfterActivate = await page.evaluate(() => ({
     focusedStack: document.activeElement?.dataset?.stackId || null,
     isChip: !!document.activeElement?.classList?.contains('map-stack-chip'),
@@ -1148,7 +1132,7 @@ try {
     return { x: rect.left + rect.width / 2, y: rect.top + rect.height / 2 };
   });
   await page.mouse.move(chipPoint.x, chipPoint.y);
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 120));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   await page.mouse.move(20, 20);
   await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
   const keyboardHold = await readTrayState();
@@ -1179,7 +1163,7 @@ try {
   await page.mouse.move(pinApproach.x, pinApproach.y);
   await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager
     .setPanelCollapsed('control-panel', false, { explicit: true }));
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 240));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   check(
     'a tile click does not exempt the unpinned tray from mouse-away auto-dismiss',
     dismissAfterTileClick.afterClick.collapsed === false
@@ -1205,7 +1189,7 @@ try {
   await checkResponsiveStyleFocus(1000);
 
   await page.setViewport({ width: 620, height: 900, deviceScaleFactor: 1 });
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 180));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   await waitForShellSettled();
   await openPhoneMoreSheet();
   const at620 = await trayMetrics();
@@ -1222,7 +1206,7 @@ try {
   await checkResponsiveStyleFocus(620);
 
   await page.setViewport({ width: 480, height: 900, deviceScaleFactor: 1 });
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 180));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   const at480 = await trayMetrics();
   const allRectsInside = at480.chips.every((chip) => (
     chip.left >= 0 && chip.right <= at480.viewport.width
@@ -1294,10 +1278,7 @@ try {
         timeout: 60_000,
       });
       await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager, { timeout: 60_000 });
-      await page.waitForFunction(
-        () => document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-        { timeout: 60_000 },
-      );
+      await whenSettled(page);
     }
     await page.waitForFunction(
       () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.mapStackController.getState()?.status !== 'switching',
@@ -1429,7 +1410,7 @@ try {
     await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
     await page.focus('#control-panel-toggle');
     await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
-    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 400));
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     const pinnedSibling = await locationState();
     check('Location: pinned tray survives sibling opening',
       pinnedSibling.pinned && pinnedSibling.locationExpanded === 'true'
@@ -1449,14 +1430,14 @@ try {
         const searchTab = '#mobile-tab-bar [data-mobile-sheet="search"]';
         await page.focus(searchTab);
         await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
-        await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 250));
+        await whenUiSettled(page);
         const field = await focusMetrics('#location-search');
         check(`Search: ${width} px keyboard opens the sheet on the location field`,
           field.focusedId === 'location-search' && field.visible && field.insideViewport,
           JSON.stringify(field));
         await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(shotsDir, `${width}-search-open.png`) });
         await page.keyboard.press('Escape');
-        await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 250));
+        await whenUiSettled(page);
         const tab = await focusMetrics(searchTab);
         const closedSheet = await page.evaluate(() => !document.body.dataset.mobileSheet);
         check(`Search: ${width} px Escape closes the sheet with a visible ring on its tab`,
@@ -1747,7 +1728,7 @@ try {
 
   check('no new page or console errors', consoleErrors.length === 0, consoleErrors.join(' | '));
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 
 if (failures.length) {

scripts/qa-military-names.mjs

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
 /** Named military areas: continent performance, close identities and a recorded zoom. */
+import { whenSettled, whenFramesDrawn } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import {
   checkInstallationPan,
   checkInstallationSelection,
@@ -34,14 +36,10 @@ const result = {
   video: null,
 };
 const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   protocolTimeout: 180000,
-  args: [
-    '--use-angle=metal',
-    '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
-    '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
-  ],
+  args: ['--disable-background-timer-throttling', '--disable-renderer-backgrounding'],
 });
 let recorder;
 try {
@@ -69,10 +67,10 @@ try {
   });
   await page.waitForFunction(
     () =>
-      window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager &&
-      document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
+      window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
     { timeout: 120000 },
   );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(
     () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise,
   );
@@ -92,11 +90,10 @@ try {
     for (const [id] of g.dataManager.layers)
       await g.dataManager.setEnabled(id, false);
     g.styleManager.setDetection({ enabled: false });
-    g.viewer.scene.screenSpaceCameraController.enableCollisionDetection = false;
   });
   assert.equal(result.packs.length, 0, 'names pack stays unloaded at startup');
   result.renderer = await page.evaluate(() => {
-    const gl = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.context._gl;
+    const gl = window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.getContext('webgl2');
     const ext = gl.getExtension('WEBGL_debug_renderer_info');
     return ext
       ? gl.getParameter(ext.UNMASKED_RENDERER_WEBGL)
@@ -111,7 +108,7 @@ try {
         .module.getStats(),
     );
   const settle = async () => {
-    await sleep(500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     await page.waitForFunction(
       () => {
         const s = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers
@@ -121,7 +118,7 @@ try {
       },
       { timeout: 60000 },
     );
-    await sleep(1200);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   };
   const us = { lon: -100, lat: 39, height: 6500000, pitch: -90 };
   await moveCamera(page, us, 0);
@@ -213,7 +210,7 @@ try {
   await page.evaluate(() =>
     window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.setCleanView(true),
   );
-  await sleep(300);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   result.cleanUi = await page.evaluate(async () => {
     const host = (await import('/src/overlays/worldOverlay.js')).worldOverlayFor(window.__godsEyeView.engine);
     const root = document.getElementById('world-overlay-root');
@@ -278,7 +275,7 @@ try {
     const screen = new C.Cartesian2();
     window.__installationFrames = [];
     window.__stopInstallationFrames =
-      g.viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
         const stats = layer.getStats();
         const markers = [],
           labels = [],
@@ -286,11 +283,7 @@ try {
         layer.visitNamedMarkers((id, point) => {
           const rect = getPaintRect('military-installations', id);
           if (rect) rects.push(rect);
-          const p = C.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates(
-            g.viewer.scene,
-            point.position,
-            screen,
-          );
+          const p = window.__godsEyeView.engine.projector.worldToWindow(point.position, screen);
           if (
             point.show &&
             p &&
@@ -316,7 +309,7 @@ try {
             )
               overlaps++;
           }
-        const altitude = g.viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height;
+        const altitude = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height;
         window.__installationFrames.push({
           t: performance.now(),
           altitude,
@@ -331,7 +324,7 @@ try {
       });
   });
   const clipStart = await pageNow(page);
-  await sleep(1200);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   for (const view of [
     { lon: -116, lat: 35, height: 1500000, pitch: -85 },
     { lon: -117.2, lat: 33, height: 200000, pitch: -80 },
@@ -381,11 +374,11 @@ try {
   for (const [key, expected, lon, lat, height] of sites) {
     await moveCamera(page, { lon, lat, height, pitch: -80 }, 1.5);
     await settle();
-    const snapshot = await page.evaluate(
-      (lat, lon) => {
+    const snapshot = await evaluateWithGeo(page,
+      async (qaGeo, lat, lon) => {
         const g = window.__godsEyeView;
         const layer = g.dataManager.layers.get('military-installations').module;
-        const position = g.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
+        const position = qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian(
           {
             longitude: (lon * Math.PI) / 180,
             latitude: (lat * Math.PI) / 180,
@@ -466,7 +459,7 @@ try {
   );
   assert.match(result.cardText, /Fort Hood/);
   assert.match(result.cardText, /TA-25/);
-  await sleep(1800);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   await page.$eval(
     '#military-awareness-panel .military-awareness-names',
     (el) => {
@@ -481,5 +474,5 @@ try {
   if (recorder)
     result.video = await recorder.stop().catch((e) => ({ error: e.message }));
   await fs.writeFile(`${dir}/result.json`, JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-nepal-media-playback.mjs

@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 // Composed-app media policy/lifecycle checks. Pinokio UA is a policy fixture,
 // not native-host acceptance; the YouTube SDK clock below is deterministic.
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
 const output = path.resolve(
   process.env.QA_OUTPUT_DIR || 'qa-shots/nepal-media',
 );
 fs.mkdirSync(output, { recursive: true });
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  headless: process.env.QA_HEADFUL !== '1',
-  args: process.env.QA_HEADFUL === '1' ? ['--use-angle=metal'] : [],
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
+  headless: true,
+  args: process.env.QA_HEADFUL === '1' ? [] : [],
 });
 let assertions = 0;
 const check = (name, value) => {
@@ -84,12 +85,10 @@ try {
       `${process.env.QA_BASE_URL || 'http://localhost:4173'}/?welcome=0`,
       { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' },
     );
-    await page.waitForFunction(
-      () =>
-        window.__godsEyeView?.sceneDirector &&
-        document.querySelector('#loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-      { timeout: 60000 },
-    );
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.sceneDirector, {
+      timeout: 60000,
+    });
+    await whenSettled(page);
     const result = await page.evaluate(async (pinokio) => {
       const d = window.__godsEyeView.sceneDirector;
       const scene = d._project.scenes.find((s) => /Nepal/.test(s.title));
@@ -200,5 +199,5 @@ try {
   }
   console.log(`PASS: ${assertions} assertions`);
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-openfreemap-same-tile.mjs

@@ -17,10 +17,11 @@
  * projection must fit one frame; Traffic does no outline projection and the
  * warm ask reuses it. Traffic activation Long Tasks are reported separately.
  */
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
 const args = process.argv.slice(2);
 const valueAfter = (flag, fallback) => {
@@ -155,19 +156,13 @@ function workEvidence(entries, label) {
 
 await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(OUTPUT), { recursive: true });
 
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  headless: args.includes('--headful') ? false : 'new',
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
+  headless: true,
   protocolTimeout: 240_000,
-  ...(process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH
-    ? { executablePath: process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH }
-    : {}),
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
     '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-    '--use-gl=angle',
-    ...(args.includes('--headful')
-      ? []
-      : ['--use-angle=swiftshader', '--enable-unsafe-swiftshader']),
+    ...(args.includes('--headful') ? [] : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader']),
     '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
     '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
     '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
@@ -251,15 +246,15 @@ async function settleOutline(page, label) {
     }
     if (!annotation || annotation.pendingOutline)
       throw new Error(`${label}: outline did not settle`);
-    const { scene } = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
     await new Promise((resolve) => {
       const timer = setTimeout(resolve, 1500);
-      const remove = scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
-        clearTimeout(timer);
-        remove();
-        resolve();
-      });
-      scene.requestRender();
+      const remove =
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+          clearTimeout(timer);
+          remove();
+          resolve();
+        });
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
     });
     await new Promise((resolve) =>
       requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(resolve)),
@@ -414,13 +409,13 @@ try {
     });
     await page.waitForFunction(
       () =>
-        window.__godsEyeView?.viewer &&
+        window.__godsEyeView?.engine &&
         window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager &&
         window.__gevVoiceCommands?.runner &&
-        window.__gevAnnotations &&
-        document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
+        window.__gevAnnotations,
       { timeout: 120_000, polling: 250 },
     );
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.evaluate(
       () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise,
     );
@@ -428,10 +423,10 @@ try {
       window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.setDetection({ enabled: false }),
     );
     await page.evaluate(async (target) => {
-      const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
       await dataManager.setEnabled('traffic', false);
-      viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-      viewer.camera.setView({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
         destination: window.__CESIUM__.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
           target.longitude,
           target.latitude,
@@ -443,11 +438,11 @@ try {
           roll: 0,
         },
       });
-      viewer.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
       window.__gevAnnotations.clear();
       performance.clearMeasures();
     }, TARGET);
-    await sleep(750);
+    await whenSettled(page);
 
     if (run === 0) {
       phase = 'overlap';
@@ -469,7 +464,7 @@ try {
       await sleep(100);
       await heldTargetRequest.continue();
       const overlap = await settleOutline(page, 'QA Capitol overlap');
-      await sleep(750);
+      await whenSettled(page);
       const trafficStats = await page.evaluate(() =>
         window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers
           .get('traffic')
@@ -538,7 +533,7 @@ try {
       },
       { timeout: 180_000, polling: 250 },
     );
-    await sleep(1500);
+    await whenSettled(page);
     const trafficMeasures = relevantMeasures(
       await page.evaluate(() =>
         performance.getEntriesByType('measure').map((entry) => ({
@@ -582,7 +577,7 @@ try {
 
     phase = 'outline-cold';
     const cold = await driveOutline(page, `QA Capitol cold ${run}`);
-    await sleep(750);
+    await whenSettled(page);
     cold.measures = relevantMeasures(cold.measures);
     cold.work = workEvidence(cold.measures, 'cold');
     cold.network = network.filter(
@@ -596,7 +591,7 @@ try {
     await page.evaluate(() => window.__gevAnnotations.clear());
     phase = 'outline-warm';
     const warm = await driveOutline(page, `QA Capitol warm ${run}`);
-    await sleep(750);
+    await whenSettled(page);
     warm.measures = relevantMeasures(warm.measures);
     warm.work = workEvidence(warm.measures, 'warm');
     warm.network = network.filter(
@@ -674,7 +669,7 @@ try {
     assert.equal(warmDecodes.length, 0, 'decoded-cache hit performs no decode');
 
     report.renderer ||= await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const gl = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.context._gl;
+      const gl = window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.getContext('webgl2');
       const debug = gl.getExtension('WEBGL_debug_renderer_info');
       return debug
         ? gl.getParameter(debug.UNMASKED_RENDERER_WEBGL)
@@ -849,5 +844,5 @@ try {
   process.exitCode = 1;
 } finally {
   await fs.writeFile(OUTPUT, `${JSON.stringify(report, null, 2)}\n`);
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-overlay-baseline.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { chromeExecutablePath } from './qa-chrome.mjs';
+// Cesium-only probes: native entity, DataSource and primitive counts independently audit Cesium ownership.
+import { whenSettled, whenFramesDrawn } from './qa/ready.mjs';
 /**
  * Phase 0 world-overlay baseline harness.
  *
@@ -25,13 +28,13 @@
  * and primitives (none of them a layer's own any more).
  */
 
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import os from 'node:os';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import { fromDegrees } from '../src/geo/cartesian3.js';
 
-const CHROME_EXECUTABLE = '/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome';
+const CHROME_EXECUTABLE = chromeExecutablePath();
 const DEFAULT_URL = 'http://localhost:4176';
 const VIEWPORT = Object.freeze({ width: 1440, height: 900 });
 const SAMPLE_MS = 5_000;
@@ -366,20 +369,19 @@ async function waitForApp(page) {
     () => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView?.engine && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager),
     { timeout: 60_000 },
   );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(() => {
-    const { engine, viewer } = window.__godsEyeView;
+    const { engine } = window.__godsEyeView;
     try { engine.camera.cancelFlight(); } catch { /* no flight */ }
-    try { viewer?.scene.tweens?.removeAll?.(); } catch { /* no tween collection */ }
   });
-  await sleep(1_250);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
 }
 
 async function setCamera(page, camera) {
   if (!camera) return;
   await page.evaluate(([destination, heading, pitch]) => {
-    const { engine, viewer } = window.__godsEyeView;
+    const { engine } = window.__godsEyeView;
     engine.camera.cancelFlight();
-    viewer?.scene.tweens?.removeAll?.();
     engine.camera.setView({
       destination,
       orientation: { heading, pitch, roll: 0 },
@@ -587,7 +589,7 @@ async function prepareCctv(page, heightM) {
   }, heightM);
   if (!camera) return 'CCTV catalog did not expose a geolocated camera';
   await setCamera(page, camera);
-  await sleep(7_000);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   return null;
 }
 
@@ -600,14 +602,14 @@ async function prepareFirms(page) {
   });
   if (!result.fire) return `FIRMS unavailable (${result.stats.error || 'no detections'})`;
   await setCamera(page, [result.fire.longitude, result.fire.latitude, 60_000, 0, -1.45]);
-  await sleep(4_000);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   return null;
 }
 
 async function prepareVessels(page) {
   const state = await readLayerState(page, 'ais-live-vessels');
   if (!(state?.stats?.count > 0)) return `AIS unavailable (${state?.stats?.error || 'no live vessels'})`;
-  await sleep(2_500);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   return null;
 }
 
@@ -621,7 +623,7 @@ async function prepareDetection(page, densityPct) {
     densityPct: density,
   }), densityPct);
   if (!control?.ok) return `Detection control failed (${control?.error || 'unknown error'})`;
-  await sleep(2_000);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   return null;
 }
 
@@ -650,7 +652,7 @@ async function prepareTrackedFlight(page, cockpit) {
   } catch {
     return 'Civil tracking did not create a tracked entity';
   }
-  await sleep(2_000);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   if (!cockpit) return null;
   const entryAvailable = await page.evaluate(() => {
     const button = document.getElementById('cockpit-entry');
@@ -664,7 +666,7 @@ async function prepareTrackedFlight(page, cockpit) {
   } catch {
     return 'Cockpit entry control did not enter cockpit mode';
   }
-  await sleep(2_000);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   return null;
 }
 
@@ -683,7 +685,7 @@ async function prepareMission(page) {
   } catch {
     return 'Mission selection did not reach the layer probe';
   }
-  await sleep(2_000);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   return null;
 }
 
@@ -703,7 +705,7 @@ async function prepareScene(page, scene) {
   if (!skipReason && scene.detectionDensity) skipReason = await prepareDetection(page, scene.detectionDensity);
   if (!skipReason && scene.trackedFlight) skipReason = await prepareTrackedFlight(page, scene.cockpit);
   if (!skipReason && scene.missionSelected) skipReason = await prepareMission(page);
-  await sleep(DEFAULT_SETTLE_MS);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
   return { layerActivations, skipReason };
 }
 
@@ -868,7 +870,7 @@ async function runScene(browser, scene, shotsDir) {
     const motion = await samplePhase(page, true);
     const afterMotionShot = await captureShot(page, shotsDir, scene.id, 'after-motion');
     if (afterMotionShot) result.screenshots.push(afterMotionShot);
-    await sleep(BETWEEN_PHASE_SETTLE_MS);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     const rest = await samplePhase(page, false);
     result.samples = { motion, rest };
     result.entityInventoryAfter = await readEntityInventory(page);
@@ -904,9 +906,6 @@ function unavailableRenderer(renderer) {
 }
 
 async function main() {
-  if (!fs.existsSync(CHROME_EXECUTABLE)) {
-    throw new Error(`Required Chrome executable not found: ${CHROME_EXECUTABLE}`);
-  }
   if (!Number.isFinite(DPR) || DPR <= 0) throw new Error(`Invalid --dpr value: ${DPR}`);
   const scenes = selectedScenes();
   if (DIST_DIR && (!fs.existsSync(DIST_DIR) || !fs.statSync(DIST_DIR).isDirectory())) {
@@ -917,18 +916,9 @@ async function main() {
     if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`Dev server unavailable at ${APP_URL}: ${response.status || response.statusText}`);
   }
 
-  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-    executablePath: CHROME_EXECUTABLE,
-    headless: HEADFUL ? false : 'new',
-    args: [
-      ...(process.env.QA_ANGLE ? ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE}`] : HARDWARE_GPU ? [] : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--use-gl=swiftshader']),
-      '--no-sandbox',
-      '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-      '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
-      '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
-      '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
-      `--window-size=${VIEWPORT.width},${VIEWPORT.height}`,
-    ],
+  const browser = await launchBrowser({
+    headless: true,
+    args: [...(process.env.QA_ANGLE ? [] : HARDWARE_GPU ? [] : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader']), '--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox', '--disable-dev-shm-usage', '--disable-background-timer-throttling', '--disable-renderer-backgrounding', `--window-size=${VIEWPORT.width},${VIEWPORT.height}`],
   });
 
   const run = { generatedAt: new Date().toISOString(), context: null, scenes: [] };
@@ -974,13 +964,9 @@ async function main() {
         webglRenderer: browserContext.webglRenderer,
       },
       viewport: { ...VIEWPORT, dpr: browserContext.dpr },
-      gpuMode: process.env.QA_ANGLE || (HARDWARE_GPU ? 'hardware' : 'swiftshader'),
+      gpuMode: process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'metal',
       chromeExecutable: CHROME_EXECUTABLE,
-      chromeArgs: process.env.QA_ANGLE
-        ? ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE}`, '--no-sandbox']
-        : HARDWARE_GPU
-        ? ['--no-sandbox']
-        : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--use-gl=swiftshader', '--no-sandbox'],
+      chromeArgs: browser.process()?.spawnargs.slice(1),
       sampleMs: SAMPLE_MS,
       captureMode: DIST_DIR ? `static-dist:${path.resolve(DIST_DIR)}` : 'dev-server',
     };
@@ -992,7 +978,7 @@ async function main() {
       printScene(result);
     }
   } finally {
-    await browser.close();
+    await closeBrowser(browser);
   }
 
   run.summary = {

scripts/qa-overpass-offload.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+// Cesium-only probes: native primitives and globe instrumentation isolate Cesium paint and offload cost.
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
 /**
  * qa-overpass-offload.mjs — keyless/keyed source replacement acceptance gate.
  *
@@ -25,10 +27,11 @@
  * Screenshots and a JSON result go to qa-shots/ (gitignored). Exits nonzero on
  * a failed assertion. Works against keyed or keyless dev servers.
  */
+import { whenSettled, whenTilesLoaded } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import { tilesForBounds } from '../src/data/tomtomTiles.js';
 import { trafficDetailBounds } from '../src/layers/traffic/source.js';
 
@@ -55,19 +58,13 @@ const profile = args.includes('--profile');
 const coverage = args.includes('--coverage');
 const shots = path.resolve('qa-shots');
 await fs.mkdir(shots, { recursive: true });
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  headless: !args.includes('--headful'),
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
+  headless: true,
   protocolTimeout: 300_000,
-  ...(process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH
-    ? { executablePath: process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH }
-    : {}),
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
     '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-    '--use-gl=angle',
-    ...(args.includes('--software-gl')
-      ? ['--use-angle=swiftshader', '--enable-unsafe-swiftshader']
-      : []),
+    ...(args.includes('--software-gl') ? ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader'] : []),
     '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
     '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
     '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
@@ -346,14 +343,10 @@ try {
     timeout: 60_000,
   });
   await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => window.__godsEyeView?.viewer && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
+    () => window.__godsEyeView?.engine && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
     { timeout: 60_000, polling: 500 },
   );
-  await page.waitForFunction(
-    () =>
-      document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-    { timeout: 60_000, polling: 250 },
-  );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   // Startup restoration owns its camera flight until the loading cover is gone.
   await page.evaluate(
     () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise,
@@ -362,7 +355,7 @@ try {
     window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.setDetection({ enabled: false }),
   );
   result.renderer = await page.evaluate(() => {
-    const gl = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.context._gl;
+    const gl = window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.getContext('webgl2');
     const debug = gl.getExtension('WEBGL_debug_renderer_info');
     return debug
       ? gl.getParameter(debug.UNMASKED_RENDERER_WEBGL)
@@ -374,13 +367,13 @@ try {
     { timeout: 10_000 },
   );
   async function fly(lat, lon, height = 2000, heading = 0, pitch = -75) {
-    await page.evaluate(
-      async (view) => {
-        const { viewer } = window.__godsEyeView;
-        viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
+    await evaluateWithGeo(
+      page,
+      async (qaGeo, view) => {
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
         await new Promise((resolve) =>
-          viewer.camera.flyTo({
-            destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo({
+            destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
               latitude: (view.lat * Math.PI) / 180,
               longitude: (view.lon * Math.PI) / 180,
               height: view.height,
@@ -400,22 +393,7 @@ try {
     );
   }
   async function settleTiles() {
-    await page.waitForFunction(
-      () => {
-        const { scene } = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-        if (scene.globe.show) return scene.globe.tilesLoaded;
-        let found = false;
-        for (let i = 0; i < scene.primitives.length; i++) {
-          const primitive = scene.primitives.get(i);
-          if (!primitive.show || typeof primitive.tilesLoaded !== 'boolean')
-            continue;
-          found = true;
-          if (!primitive.tilesLoaded) return false;
-        }
-        return found;
-      },
-      { timeout: 90_000, polling: 500 },
-    );
+    await whenTilesLoaded(page, { timeoutMs: 90_000 });
   }
   async function shot(name) {
     await settleTiles();
@@ -440,30 +418,35 @@ try {
     const milliseconds = await page.evaluate(
       (allowEmpty) =>
         new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-          const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+          const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
           const start = performance.now();
           const cleanup = () => {
             remove();
             clearTimeout(timer);
           };
-          const remove = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
-            const stats = dataManager.layers.get('traffic').module.getStats();
-            if (stats.count <= 0) {
-              if (
-                allowEmpty &&
-                !stats.loading &&
-                stats.lastUpdate &&
-                performance.now() - start > 500
-              ) {
+          const remove =
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(
+              () => {
+                const stats = dataManager.layers
+                  .get('traffic')
+                  .module.getStats();
+                if (stats.count <= 0) {
+                  if (
+                    allowEmpty &&
+                    !stats.loading &&
+                    stats.lastUpdate &&
+                    performance.now() - start > 500
+                  ) {
+                    cleanup();
+                    resolve(null);
+                  }
+                  return;
+                }
+                const elapsed = performance.now() - start;
                 cleanup();
-                resolve(null);
-              }
-              return;
-            }
-            const elapsed = performance.now() - start;
-            cleanup();
-            resolve(elapsed);
-          });
+                resolve(elapsed);
+              },
+            );
           const timer = setTimeout(() => {
             cleanup();
             reject(new Error('No traffic dots within 180 seconds'));
@@ -551,23 +534,24 @@ try {
           .map((p) => C.Cartesian3.clone(p.position)),
       );
       for (const position of positions) {
-        const screen = C.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates(
-          scene,
-          position,
-        );
+        const screen =
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.projector.worldToWindow(position);
         if (
           !screen ||
           screen.x < 0 ||
-          screen.x >= scene.canvas.clientWidth ||
+          screen.x >= window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.clientWidth ||
           screen.y < 0 ||
-          screen.y >= scene.canvas.clientHeight
+          screen.y >= window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.clientHeight
         )
           continue;
         inView++;
         const carto = C.Cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
         const height = scene.globe.show
-          ? scene.globe.getHeight(carto)
-          : scene.sampleHeight(carto, collections);
+          ? window.__godsEyeView.engine.surface.terrainHeight(carto)
+          : window.__godsEyeView.engine.surface.sampleHeight(
+              carto,
+              collections,
+            );
         if (Number.isFinite(height) && Math.abs(height) <= 9000) {
           sampled++;
           const delta = carto.height - height;
@@ -645,13 +629,13 @@ try {
     );
     view.layers = await waitForSources();
     view.actualCamera = await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const camera = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera;
-      const position = camera.positionCartographic;
+      const position = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic;
       return {
         lat: (position.latitude * 180) / Math.PI,
         lon: (position.longitude * 180) / Math.PI,
         height: position.height,
-        pitch: (camera.pitch * 180) / Math.PI,
+        pitch:
+          (window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().pitch * 180) / Math.PI,
       };
     });
     assert.ok(
@@ -736,14 +720,16 @@ try {
           surface.stats.mode === 'live' ? mode : 'osm',
         );
         const actualCamera = await page.evaluate(() => {
-          const camera = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera;
-          const p = camera.positionCartographic;
+          const p = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic;
           return {
             lat: (p.latitude * 180) / Math.PI,
             lon: (p.longitude * 180) / Math.PI,
             height: p.height,
-            pitch: (camera.pitch * 180) / Math.PI,
-            heading: (camera.heading * 180) / Math.PI,
+            pitch:
+              (window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().pitch * 180) / Math.PI,
+            heading:
+              (window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().heading * 180) /
+              Math.PI,
           };
         });
         for (const [key, expected, tolerance] of [
@@ -868,9 +854,7 @@ try {
     }
   } else if (pan) {
     const sessionBudget = 32; // <= 0.54% of the default 6,000/day upstream budget.
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.screenSpaceCameraController.enableCollisionDetection = false;
-    });
+    await page.evaluate(() => {});
     beginView('pan-start');
     await fly(30.2672, -97.7431, 450, 0, -35);
     await enableTrafficTimed('pan-start');
@@ -992,9 +976,7 @@ try {
     // A continent jump can temporarily use the previous city's terrain height
     // for collision avoidance (São Paulo -> Austin raises a 450 m target).
     // Pin the prescribed camera fixtures so the revisit covers identical tiles.
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.screenSpaceCameraController.enableCollisionDetection = false;
-    });
+    await page.evaluate(() => {});
     for (const city of [
       ['austin', 30.2672, -97.7431],
       ['london', 51.5074, -0.1278],
@@ -1043,7 +1025,7 @@ try {
       { timeout: 120_000, polling: 500 },
     );
     const austin = await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
       const traffic = dataManager.layers.get('traffic').module.getStats();
       const alpr = dataManager.layers.get('alpr-cameras').module.getStats();
       // The camera badges: the layer's sprite mover sets (normal and
@@ -1059,7 +1041,8 @@ try {
         alpr,
         cameraEntities,
         sourceLabel: traffic.loadingLabel,
-        cameraHeight: viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height,
+        cameraHeight:
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
       };
     });
     result.traffic = austin.traffic;
@@ -1219,14 +1202,10 @@ try {
         waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
         timeout: 60_000,
       });
-      await page.waitForFunction(
-        () =>
-          window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager &&
-          document
-            .getElementById('loading-screen')
-            ?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-        { timeout: 90_000 },
-      );
+      await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager, {
+        timeout: 90_000,
+      });
+      await whenSettled(page);
       await page.evaluate(
         () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise,
       );
@@ -1282,9 +1261,9 @@ try {
       { timeout: 120_000, polling: 500 },
       before,
     );
-    result.military = await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
-      const center = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+    result.military = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
+      const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const center = qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
         latitude: (30.314 * Math.PI) / 180,
         longitude: (-97.763 * Math.PI) / 180,
         height: 0,
@@ -1367,7 +1346,7 @@ try {
       priorFort,
     );
     result.fortCavazos = await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
       // Drawn site discs (context handles, see Camp Mabry) plus the named
       // markers the stats count.
       let markers = 0,
@@ -1533,5 +1512,5 @@ try {
     path.join(shots, 'overpass-offload-result.json'),
     JSON.stringify(result, null, 2),
   );
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-radio.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+// Cesium-only probes: native flight interception and entity sentinels verify Cesium camera ownership.
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
 /**
  * Deterministic browser proof for the Radio companion layer.
  *
@@ -11,10 +13,11 @@
  *
  * Run: node scripts/qa-radio.mjs --url http://localhost:4193
  */
+import { whenSettled, whenFramesDrawn } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import { stations } from './fixtures/layers/radio.mjs';
 import { isExpectedPreviewSetupError } from './qa-browserEvidence.mjs';
 
@@ -36,15 +39,6 @@ const RADIO_URL = new URL(APP_URL);
 RADIO_URL.searchParams.set('welcome', '0');
 const HEADFUL = args.includes('--headful');
 
-const chromeCandidates = [
-  process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH,
-  await puppeteer.executablePath().catch(() => null),
-  '/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome',
-  '/Applications/Chromium.app/Contents/MacOS/Chromium',
-].filter(Boolean);
-const chrome = chromeCandidates.find((candidate) => {
-  try { return fs.existsSync(candidate); } catch { return false; }
-});
 
 
 const results = [];
@@ -86,14 +80,13 @@ async function restoreRadioPanels(page, prior) {
 // not on wall-clock sleeps, particularly with software rendering.
 async function settleRadioFrames(page) {
   await page.evaluate(() => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    const scene = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene;
     let remaining = 4;
     const timeout = setTimeout(() => { remove(); reject(new Error('Radio rendered-frame deadline exceeded')); }, 10_000);
-    const remove = scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+    const remove = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
       if (--remaining === 0) { remove(); clearTimeout(timeout); resolve(); }
-      else requestAnimationFrame(() => scene.requestRender());
+      else requestAnimationFrame(() => window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request());
     });
-    scene.requestRender();
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
   }));
 }
 
@@ -105,17 +98,9 @@ async function main() {
     process.exit(2);
   }
   fs.mkdirSync(SHOTS_DIR, { recursive: true });
-  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-    headless: HEADFUL ? false : 'new',
-    ...(chrome ? { executablePath: chrome } : {}),
-    args: [
-      '--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-      ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-        ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-        : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
-      '--disable-dev-shm-usage', '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
-      '--disable-renderer-backgrounding', '--window-size=1440,900',
-    ],
+  const browser = await launchBrowser({
+    headless: true,
+    args: ['--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox', ...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []), '--disable-dev-shm-usage', '--disable-background-timer-throttling', '--disable-renderer-backgrounding', '--window-size=1440,900'],
   });
 
   try {
@@ -370,17 +355,15 @@ async function main() {
 
     await page.goto(RADIO_URL.href, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60_000 });
     await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager, { timeout: 60_000 });
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._dataManager?.layers?.has('radio'), { timeout: 60_000 });
-    await page.waitForFunction(
-      () => document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-      { timeout: 60_000 },
-    );
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.waitForFunction(() => (
       typeof window.__gevQaRegisterLayer === 'function'
       && typeof window.__gevQaUnregisterLayer === 'function'
     ));
     await page.evaluate(() => {
-      window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
       window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.setPanelCollapsed('pp-toggles', true);
       window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.setPanelCollapsed('cctv-panel', true);
       window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.setPanelCollapsed('radio-panel', true);
@@ -470,7 +453,7 @@ async function main() {
       const selectedBefore = module.getUIState().selected?.id || null;
       const playsBefore = window.__qaRadioPlayCalls.length;
       const camera = gev.viewer.camera;
-      const originalFlyTo = camera.flyTo;
+      const originalFlyTo = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo;
       const flyToCalls = [];
       camera.flyTo = (options) => flyToCalls.push(options);
       const beganTuning = module.beginTuning();
@@ -643,7 +626,7 @@ async function main() {
       const scroller = document.querySelector('#global-context-panel .global-context-panel-inner');
       const radio = document.getElementById('radio-panel');
       scroller.scrollTop = Math.max(0, radio.offsetTop - scroller.clientHeight + 70);
-      const camera = gev.viewer.camera.positionWC;
+      const camera = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position;
       return {
         scrollTop: scroller.scrollTop,
         pageY: window.scrollY,
@@ -716,7 +699,7 @@ async function main() {
       const viewport = scroller.getBoundingClientRect();
       const directory = document.querySelector('#radio-panel .radio-directory-row').getBoundingClientRect();
       const play = document.getElementById('radio-play-btn').getBoundingClientRect();
-      const camera = gev.viewer.camera.positionWC;
+      const camera = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position;
       return {
         scrollTop: scroller.scrollTop,
         pageY: window.scrollY,
@@ -762,23 +745,21 @@ async function main() {
         { name: 'global', height: 24_200_000, limit: 16 },
         { name: 'near', height: 500_000, limit: 32 },
       ]) {
-        await page.evaluate(({ lon, height }) => {
-          const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-          viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-          viewer.camera.setView({
-            destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+        await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo, { lon, height }) => {
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+            destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
               longitude: lon * Math.PI / 180,
               latitude: 6 * Math.PI / 180,
               height,
             }),
             orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
           });
-          viewer.scene.requestRender();
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
         }, { lon: spec.lon, height: view.height });
-        await sleep(700);
+        await whenFramesDrawn(page);
         await settleRadioFrames(page);
         const sample = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-          const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
           const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
           const drawn = window.__qaRadioDrawn;
           const { getPaintRect: getOverlayPaintRect, getDiagnostics: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics } = window.__gevWorldOverlay;
@@ -806,11 +787,11 @@ async function main() {
               });
             };
             const timeout = setTimeout(finish, 500);
-            removePostRender = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+            removePostRender = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
               clearTimeout(timeout);
               finish();
             });
-            viewer.scene.requestRender();
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
           });
         });
         singletonViews.push({ ...spec, ...view, ...sample });
@@ -1362,17 +1343,15 @@ async function main() {
         && allPalette.music?.[1] > allPalette.music?.[2],
       JSON.stringify(allPalette),
     );
-    const clusterBadge = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+    const clusterBadge = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const drawn = window.__qaRadioDrawn;
       const { getPaintRect: getOverlayPaintRect, getDiagnostics: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics } = window.__gevWorldOverlay;
-      const ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
       // Start from another view, so the clusters at the view below are a new
       // cohort the host must solve (the old check forced one by switching
       // Cesium's clustering off and on).
-      viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: 68 * Math.PI / 180,
           latitude: 7 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 24_200_000,
@@ -1382,15 +1361,15 @@ async function main() {
       await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
       await drawn.frames(3);
       const baselineSolveRevision = getWorldOverlayDiagnostics().solveRevision;
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: -98 * Math.PI / 180,
           latitude: 38 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 18_000_000,
         }),
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
-      viewer.scene.requestRender();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
       // The layer clusters on screen itself now (render/display.js,
       // ../screenClusters.js) into the radio-clusters point set; the cluster
@@ -1405,7 +1384,7 @@ async function main() {
             removePostRender?.();
             done({ rect: null, host: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics() });
           }, 150);
-          removePostRender = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+          removePostRender = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
             clearTimeout(timeout);
             removePostRender();
             const host = getWorldOverlayDiagnostics();
@@ -1421,7 +1400,7 @@ async function main() {
               host,
             });
           });
-          viewer.scene.requestRender();
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
         });
       }
       const position = typeof painted?.position === 'function' ? painted.position() : painted?.position;
@@ -1451,30 +1430,27 @@ async function main() {
         && clusterBadge?.rect?.h > 0,
       JSON.stringify(clusterBadge),
     );
-    await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      const ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
-      viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: 68 * Math.PI / 180,
           latitude: 7 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 24_200_000,
         }),
         orientation: { heading: 15 * Math.PI / 180, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
-      viewer.scene.requestRender();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
     });
     await settleRadioFrames(page);
-    const highGlobalClusterLabels = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+    const highGlobalClusterLabels = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
-      const ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
+      const ellipsoid = qaGeo.ellipsoid.WGS84;
       const { getDiagnostics: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics } = window.__gevWorldOverlay;
       const { distanceFade } = await import('/src/overlays/worldOverlayDraw.js');
       const source = radio.getOverlayDiagnostics();
-      const cameraPosition = viewer.camera.positionWC;
+      const cameraPosition = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position;
       const cameraRadius = Math.hypot(cameraPosition.x, cameraPosition.y, cameraPosition.z);
       const horizonDistance = Math.sqrt(Math.max(
         0,
@@ -1486,8 +1462,8 @@ async function main() {
       const drawn = window.__qaRadioDrawn;
       const { getPaintRect: getOverlayPaintRect } = window.__gevWorldOverlay;
       let clusterPoint = null;
-      const width = viewer.canvas.clientWidth;
-      const height = viewer.canvas.clientHeight;
+      const width = window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.clientWidth;
+      const height = window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.clientHeight;
       const anchors = source.clusterIds
         .map((entryId) => getOverlayPaintRect('radio', entryId)?.entry?.position)
         .map((position) => drawn.canvasPoint(typeof position === 'function' ? position() : position))
@@ -1503,7 +1479,7 @@ async function main() {
       return {
         source,
         host: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics(),
-        altitude: viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height,
+        altitude: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
         horizonDistance,
         horizonDistanceAlpha: distanceFade(horizonDistance, { maxDistance: 50_000_000 }),
         clusterPoint,
@@ -1521,10 +1497,8 @@ async function main() {
       JSON.stringify(highGlobalClusterLabels),
     );
     await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(SHOTS_DIR, 'high-global-all-labels.png') });
-    const clusterContinuity = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+    const clusterContinuity = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
-      const ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
       const { getPaintRect: getOverlayPaintRect, getDiagnostics: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics } = window.__gevWorldOverlay;
       const paintedClusters = () => new Promise((resolve) => {
         let removePostRender = null;
@@ -1532,7 +1506,7 @@ async function main() {
           removePostRender?.();
           resolve({ clusters: [], fadingCount: -1, host: null, source: null });
         }, 500);
-        removePostRender = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+        removePostRender = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
           clearTimeout(timeout);
           removePostRender();
           const source = radio.getOverlayDiagnostics();
@@ -1553,20 +1527,20 @@ async function main() {
             source,
           });
         });
-        viewer.scene.requestRender();
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       });
       const longitudes = [-25, -24, -23, -22, -23, -24, -25];
       const samples = [];
       for (const longitude of longitudes) {
-        viewer.camera.setView({
-          destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+          destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
             longitude: longitude * Math.PI / 180,
             latitude: 38 * Math.PI / 180,
             height: 10_000_000,
           }),
           orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
         });
-        viewer.scene.requestRender();
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
         for (const delay of [50, 100, 200, 350]) {
           await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
           samples.push({ longitude, delay, ...(await paintedClusters()) });
@@ -1621,11 +1595,10 @@ async function main() {
       JSON.stringify(clusterContinuity),
     );
     const directoryRefreshContinuity = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
       const before = radio.getOverlayDiagnostics().clusterMemberships;
       await radio.update();
-      viewer.scene.requestRender();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 900));
       const after = radio.getOverlayDiagnostics().clusterMemberships;
       const beforeByMembership = new Map(before.map((entry) => [entry.membershipId, entry.entryId]));
@@ -2451,7 +2424,7 @@ async function main() {
     await page.evaluate(() => {
       const camera = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera;
       window.__qaFirstPlayFlyToCalls = [];
-      window.__qaFirstPlayOriginalFlyTo = camera.flyTo;
+      window.__qaFirstPlayOriginalFlyTo = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo;
       camera.flyTo = (options) => window.__qaFirstPlayFlyToCalls.push(options);
     });
     const firstPlayPanels = await revealRadioControls(page, 'radio-play-btn');
@@ -2496,11 +2469,10 @@ async function main() {
     check('first Play never moves the camera', firstPlay.flyToCalls === 0, `${firstPlay.flyToCalls} flyTo calls`);
 
     await page.select('#radio-filter', 'news');
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: -98 * Math.PI / 180,
           latitude: 38 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 18_000_000,
@@ -2508,7 +2480,7 @@ async function main() {
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
     });
-    await sleep(700);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     await settleRadioFrames(page);
     const newsClusterTarget = await page.evaluate(() => {
       // A drawn cluster: a painted cluster entry whose anchor picks a
@@ -2555,7 +2527,7 @@ async function main() {
     );
 
     await page.select('#radio-filter', 'weather');
-    await sleep(700);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     const weatherCluster = await page.evaluate(() => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
       return { texts: radio.getOverlayDiagnostics().clusterTexts };
@@ -2607,19 +2579,18 @@ async function main() {
     );
     const idleHorizonScans = await page.evaluate(async () => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
-      const camera = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera;
-      camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
       await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 350));
       const positionBefore = {
-        x: camera.positionWC.x,
-        y: camera.positionWC.y,
-        z: camera.positionWC.z,
+        x: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.x,
+        y: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.y,
+        z: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.z,
       };
       const before = radio.getStats().horizonScans;
       await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 850));
-      const dx = camera.positionWC.x - positionBefore.x;
-      const dy = camera.positionWC.y - positionBefore.y;
-      const dz = camera.positionWC.z - positionBefore.z;
+      const dx = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.x - positionBefore.x;
+      const dy = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.y - positionBefore.y;
+      const dz = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.z - positionBefore.z;
       return {
         before,
         after: radio.getStats().horizonScans,
@@ -2729,21 +2700,19 @@ async function main() {
         && slider.getBoundingClientRect().width > 0;
     });
 
-    const horizon = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      const ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
+    const horizon = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const drawn = window.__qaRadioDrawn;
       // What is drawn, through the engine's picks at every fixture station's
       // canvas point: a station behind the globe projects onto the canvas
       // too (the point sets draw without a depth test), so a pick of one
       // there means it was not culled.
       const setView = (lon, lat = 0) => {
-        viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-        viewer.camera.setView({
-          destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({ longitude: lon * Math.PI / 180, latitude: lat * Math.PI / 180, height: 2_000_000 }),
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+          destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({ longitude: lon * Math.PI / 180, latitude: lat * Math.PI / 180, height: 2_000_000 }),
           orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
         });
-        viewer.scene.requestRender();
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       };
       setView(-54);
       await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
@@ -2894,7 +2863,7 @@ async function main() {
         buttons: type === 'pointercancel' || type === 'pointerup' ? 0 : 1,
       }));
       const camera = gev.viewer.camera;
-      const originalFlyTo = camera.flyTo;
+      const originalFlyTo = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo;
       const flyToCalls = [];
       camera.flyTo = (options) => flyToCalls.push(options);
       const before = {
@@ -3208,7 +3177,7 @@ async function main() {
     await page.mouse.down();
     await page.mouse.move(tunerCommitTarget.targetX, tunerCommitTarget.y, { steps: 12 });
     await page.mouse.up();
-    await sleep(650);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     const tunerCommit = await page.evaluate((target) => {
       const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
       const slider = document.getElementById('radio-tuner-slider');
@@ -3317,7 +3286,7 @@ async function main() {
             && sample.ratio >= microDragSamples[index - 1].ratio)),
       JSON.stringify(microDragSamples),
     );
-    const viewportTuner = await page.evaluate(async (selectedId) => {
+    const viewportTuner = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo, selectedId) => {
       const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
       const style = gev.styleManager;
       const before = {
@@ -3326,11 +3295,11 @@ async function main() {
         selectedIndex: style._radioControls._radioTunerStations.findIndex((station) => station.id === selectedId),
         needle: Number(document.getElementById('radio-tuner').style.getPropertyValue('--radio-tuner-ratio')),
       };
-      const current = gev.viewer.camera.positionCartographic;
+      const current = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic;
       const oppositeLongitude = ((current.longitude + 2 * Math.PI) % (2 * Math.PI)) - Math.PI;
-      gev.viewer.canvas.dispatchEvent(new WheelEvent('wheel', { bubbles: true, deltaY: 1 }));
-      gev.viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: gev.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.dispatchEvent(new WheelEvent('wheel', { bubbles: true, deltaY: 1 }));
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: oppositeLongitude,
           latitude: -current.latitude,
           height: 2_000_000,
@@ -3373,7 +3342,7 @@ async function main() {
       };
     });
     await page.$eval('#radio-next-btn', (button) => button.click());
-    await sleep(1500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     const nextNeedleAfter = await page.evaluate(() => {
       const style = window.__godsEyeView.styleManager;
       const selectedId = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module.getUIState().selected?.id;
@@ -3568,10 +3537,9 @@ async function main() {
         && fullPoolNavigation.afterNextWrap === fullPoolNavigation.expectedNextWrap,
       JSON.stringify(fullPoolNavigation),
     );
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: Math.PI,
           latitude: -2 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 2_000_000,
@@ -3579,7 +3547,7 @@ async function main() {
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
     });
-    await sleep(500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     // Next left the Radio stopped; a release plays only from an active stream.
     await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module.togglePlayback({ origin: 'user' }));
     await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module.getUIState().audioState === 'playing');
@@ -3630,8 +3598,7 @@ async function main() {
     );
     await page.select('#radio-filter', 'news');
 
-    const markerTarget = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+    const markerTarget = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
       const drawn = window.__qaRadioDrawn;
       // Radio clusters on screen in its own display now (no Cesium
@@ -3645,26 +3612,26 @@ async function main() {
           origin: 'programmatic',
         });
       }
-      viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
       const markerView = {
-        destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: -174 * Math.PI / 180,
           latitude: 6 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 500_000,
         }),
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       };
-      viewer.camera.setView(markerView);
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView(markerView);
       await new Promise((resolve) => {
         let removePostRender = null;
-        removePostRender = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+        removePostRender = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
           removePostRender?.();
           resolve();
         });
-        viewer.scene.requestRender();
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       });
       radio.setFilter('news');
-      viewer.scene.requestRender();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
       const { getPaintRect: getOverlayPaintRect, getDiagnostics: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics } = window.__gevWorldOverlay;
       return new Promise((resolve) => {
@@ -3677,13 +3644,13 @@ async function main() {
           resolve(result);
         };
         const probe = () => {
-          const camera = viewer.camera.positionCartographic;
+          const camera = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic;
           const longitude = camera.longitude * 180 / Math.PI;
           const latitude = camera.latitude * 180 / Math.PI;
           if (Math.abs(longitude + 174) > 0.5 || Math.abs(latitude - 6) > 0.5) {
-            viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-            viewer.camera.setView(markerView);
-            viewer.scene.requestRender();
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView(markerView);
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
             return;
           }
           const diagnostics = radio.getOverlayDiagnostics();
@@ -3726,16 +3693,16 @@ async function main() {
             overlayEntryCount: diagnostics.entryCount,
             worldOverlay: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics(),
             camera: {
-              longitude: viewer.camera.positionCartographic.longitude * 180 / Math.PI,
-              latitude: viewer.camera.positionCartographic.latitude * 180 / Math.PI,
-              height: viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height,
+              longitude: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.longitude * 180 / Math.PI,
+              latitude: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.latitude * 180 / Math.PI,
+              height: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
             },
           };
-          viewer.scene.requestRender();
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
         };
         timeout = setTimeout(() => finish(lastObservation || { found: false, reason: 'no post-render probe' }), 8000);
-        removePostRender = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(probe);
-        viewer.scene.requestRender();
+        removePostRender = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(probe);
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       });
     });
     check('Radio exposes a visible marker for click-tolerance QA', markerTarget?.found === true, JSON.stringify(markerTarget));
@@ -3761,14 +3728,13 @@ async function main() {
       check('an offset click within 8px reliably selects the intended Radio dot', offsetSelected === markerTarget.id, offsetSelected);
     }
 
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
-      const camera = gev.viewer.camera;
       const radio = gev.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
-      camera.cancelFlight();
-      gev.viewer.canvas.dispatchEvent(new WheelEvent('wheel', { bubbles: true, deltaY: 1 }));
-      camera.setView({
-        destination: gev.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.dispatchEvent(new WheelEvent('wheel', { bubbles: true, deltaY: 1 }));
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: Math.PI,
           latitude: -2 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 2_000_000,
@@ -3792,12 +3758,12 @@ async function main() {
       window.__qaRadioFailedNearest = false;
       window.__qaRadioDelayNextFailure = true;
       window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls = [];
-      window.__qaRadioOriginalFlyTo = camera.flyTo;
-      window.__qaRadioCameraHeight = camera.positionCartographic.height;
+      window.__qaRadioOriginalFlyTo = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo;
+      window.__qaRadioCameraHeight = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height;
       camera.flyTo = (options) => window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls.push(options);
       gev.dataManager.layers.get('flights').enabled = true;
     });
-    await sleep(500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     await page.evaluate(() => {
       const manager = window.__godsEyeView.styleManager;
       manager.setPanelCollapsed('global-context-panel', false);
@@ -3805,7 +3771,7 @@ async function main() {
     });
     await page.waitForSelector('#radio-next-btn', { visible: true });
     await page.evaluate(() => {
-      window.__qaRadioCameraHeight = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height;
+      window.__qaRadioCameraHeight = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height;
     });
     const radioOnlyNextDispatched = await page.evaluate(() => {
       const button = document.getElementById('radio-next-btn');
@@ -3815,10 +3781,9 @@ async function main() {
     });
     if (!radioOnlyNextDispatched) throw new Error('Radio next button unavailable');
     await page.waitForFunction(() => typeof window.__qaRejectRadioPlay === 'function');
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: Math.PI,
           latitude: -2 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 2_400_000,
@@ -3828,12 +3793,11 @@ async function main() {
       window.__qaRejectRadioPlay();
     });
     await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module.getUIState().audioState === 'playing');
-    const playing = await page.evaluate(async () => {
+    const playing = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
       const { getDiagnostics: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics } = window.__gevWorldOverlay;
       const flightTargets = window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls.map(({ destination }) => {
-        const position = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartesianToCartographic(destination);
+        const position = qaGeo.cartographic.fromCartesian(destination);
         return {
           lat: position.latitude * 180 / Math.PI,
           lon: position.longitude * 180 / Math.PI,
@@ -3887,7 +3851,7 @@ async function main() {
       const run = async (ownerPrefix, buttonId) => {
         const owner = viewer.entities.add({
           id: `qa:${ownerPrefix}:radio-camera-owner`,
-          position: viewer.camera.positionWC.clone(),
+          position: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position,
         });
         owner.gevTrackedId = `${ownerPrefix}:qa-radio-camera-owner`;
         viewer.trackedEntity = owner;
@@ -3903,7 +3867,7 @@ async function main() {
           afterStationId: radio.getUIState().selected?.id || null,
           flyToDelta: window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls.length - beforeFlyToCalls,
           trackedIdentityPreserved: viewer.trackedEntity === owner,
-          trackedId: viewer.trackedEntity?.gevTrackedId || null,
+          trackedId: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.following()?.label?.id || null,
         };
         viewer.trackedEntity = undefined;
         viewer.entities.remove(owner);
@@ -3937,7 +3901,7 @@ async function main() {
       const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
       const owner = viewer.entities.add({
         id: 'qa:flights:delayed-radio-fallback-owner',
-        position: viewer.camera.positionWC.clone(),
+        position: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position,
       });
       owner.gevTrackedId = 'flights:qa-delayed-radio-fallback-owner';
       viewer.trackedEntity = owner;
@@ -3952,7 +3916,7 @@ async function main() {
       const result = {
         flyToDelta: window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls.length - beforeFlyToCalls,
         trackedIdentityPreserved: viewer.trackedEntity === owner,
-        trackedId: viewer.trackedEntity?.gevTrackedId || null,
+        trackedId: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.following()?.label?.id || null,
         selectedId: window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module.getUIState().selected?.id || null,
       };
       viewer.trackedEntity = undefined;
@@ -3968,10 +3932,9 @@ async function main() {
         && Boolean(delayedFallbackOwnership.selectedId),
       JSON.stringify(delayedFallbackOwnership),
     );
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: Math.PI,
           latitude: -2 * Math.PI / 180,
           height: window.__qaRadioCameraHeight,
@@ -3992,21 +3955,20 @@ async function main() {
         && playing.host.entriesBySource?.radio === playing.overlay.entryCount,
       JSON.stringify({ overlay: playing.overlay, host: playing.host.entriesBySource }),
     );
-    const closeSelectedText = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+    const closeSelectedText = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
       const selected = radio.getUIState().selected;
       window.__qaRadioVisualView = {
-        position: viewer.camera.positionWC.clone(),
-        direction: viewer.camera.directionWC.clone(),
-        up: viewer.camera.upWC.clone(),
+        position: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position,
+        direction: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().direction,
+        up: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().up,
       };
-      const destination = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      const destination = qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
         longitude: selected.lon * Math.PI / 180,
         latitude: selected.lat * Math.PI / 180,
         height: 5_000,
       });
-      viewer.camera.setView({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
         destination,
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
@@ -4033,7 +3995,7 @@ async function main() {
             removePostRender?.();
             resolve({ rect: null, host: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics() });
           }, 150);
-          removePostRender = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+          removePostRender = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
             clearTimeout(timeout);
             removePostRender();
             const rect = getOverlayPaintRect('radio', expectedEntryId);
@@ -4042,7 +4004,7 @@ async function main() {
               host: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics(),
             });
           });
-          viewer.scene.requestRender();
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
         });
         shown = selectedShown();
       }
@@ -4051,7 +4013,7 @@ async function main() {
         rect: painted?.rect || null,
         host: painted?.host || getWorldOverlayDiagnostics(),
         selectedEntityShow: shown,
-        cameraHeight: viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height,
+        cameraHeight: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
       };
     });
     check(
@@ -4062,13 +4024,11 @@ async function main() {
       JSON.stringify(closeSelectedText),
     );
     await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(SHOTS_DIR, 'selected-label-desktop.png') });
-    const highGlobalSelectedText = await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+    const highGlobalSelectedText = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const radio = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
       const selected = radio.getUIState().selected;
-      const ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: (selected.lon + 10) * Math.PI / 180,
           latitude: selected.lat * Math.PI / 180,
           height: 5_000_000,
@@ -4086,7 +4046,7 @@ async function main() {
             removePostRender?.();
             resolve(null);
           }, 150);
-          removePostRender = viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+          removePostRender = window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
             clearTimeout(timeout);
             removePostRender();
             const painted = getOverlayPaintRect('radio', expectedEntryId);
@@ -4097,7 +4057,7 @@ async function main() {
               h: painted.h,
             } : null);
           });
-          viewer.scene.requestRender();
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
         });
       }
       // The selected point and its bracket are instances of the
@@ -4129,14 +4089,14 @@ async function main() {
         entityAnchor: entityAnchor ? { x: entityAnchor.x, y: entityAnchor.y } : null,
         entityDistance: entityPosition
           ? Math.hypot(
-            viewer.camera.positionWC.x - entityPosition.x,
-            viewer.camera.positionWC.y - entityPosition.y,
-            viewer.camera.positionWC.z - entityPosition.z,
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.x - entityPosition.x,
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.y - entityPosition.y,
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position.z - entityPosition.z,
           )
           : null,
         overlay: radio.getOverlayDiagnostics(),
         host: getWorldOverlayDiagnostics(),
-        cameraHeight: viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height,
+        cameraHeight: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
       };
     });
     check(
@@ -4164,7 +4124,7 @@ async function main() {
       const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
       window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.toggleCleanView(true);
       viewer.resize();
-      viewer.scene.requestRender();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       await new Promise((resolve) => requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(resolve)));
     });
     await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(SHOTS_DIR, 'selected-label-mobile.png') });
@@ -4173,19 +4133,18 @@ async function main() {
       const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
       window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.toggleCleanView(false);
       viewer.resize();
-      viewer.scene.requestRender();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
     });
     await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
       const view = window.__qaRadioVisualView;
-      viewer.camera.setView({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
         destination: view.position,
         orientation: { direction: view.direction, up: view.up },
       });
       delete window.__qaRadioVisualView;
-      viewer.scene.requestRender();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
     });
-    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 300));
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
 
     await page.evaluate(() => {
       window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls = [];
@@ -4202,10 +4161,10 @@ async function main() {
       radioOnlyNextClicked,
       `clicked=${radioOnlyNextClicked}`,
     );
-    const radioOnlyFocusCalls = await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const radioOnlyFocusCalls = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const calls = window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls.length;
       const heights = window.__qaRadioFlyToCalls.map((options) => (
-        window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartesianToCartographic(options.destination).height
+        qaGeo.cartographic.fromCartesian(options.destination).height
       ));
       window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.flyTo = window.__qaRadioOriginalFlyTo;
       delete window.__qaRadioOriginalFlyTo;
@@ -4218,19 +4177,19 @@ async function main() {
       JSON.stringify(radioOnlyFocusCalls),
     );
 
-    const stagedGlobeNavigation = await page.evaluate(async () => {
+    const stagedGlobeNavigation = await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo) => {
       const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
       const viewer = gev.viewer;
       const camera = viewer.camera;
       const radio = gev.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module;
       const stationIds = radio.getTunerStations(3).map((station) => station.id);
       if (stationIds.length < 3) throw new Error('Radio recenter QA requires three visible stations');
-      const originalFlyTo = camera.flyTo;
+      const originalFlyTo = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo;
       const calls = [];
       camera.flyTo = (options) => calls.push(options);
       const setCamera = (height, pitchDegrees, headingDegrees = 38) => {
-        camera.setView({
-          destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+          destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
             longitude: -133.9483 * Math.PI / 180,
             latitude: 23.4741 * Math.PI / 180,
             height,
@@ -4241,18 +4200,18 @@ async function main() {
             roll: 0,
           },
         });
-        viewer.scene.requestRender();
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
       };
       const completeFlight = (index) => {
         const flight = calls[index];
-        camera.setView({
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
           destination: flight.destination,
           orientation: flight.orientation,
         });
         flight.complete?.();
       };
       const describe = (flight) => {
-        const cartographic = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartesianToCartographic(flight.destination);
+        const cartographic = qaGeo.cartographic.fromCartesian(flight.destination);
         return {
           lat: cartographic.latitude * 180 / Math.PI,
           lon: cartographic.longitude * 180 / Math.PI,
@@ -4279,7 +4238,7 @@ async function main() {
       radio.cycleStation(1, { rotate: true, autoplay: false, stationIds });
       const owner = viewer.entities.add({
         id: 'qa:flights:radio-recenter-stage-owner',
-        position: viewer.camera.positionWC.clone(),
+        position: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position,
       });
       owner.gevTrackedId = 'flights:qa-radio-recenter-stage-owner';
       viewer.trackedEntity = owner;
@@ -4509,7 +4468,7 @@ async function main() {
     );
 
     await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.setPanelCollapsed('radio-panel', false));
-    await sleep(350);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(SHOTS_DIR, 'desktop.png') });
     const desktop = await page.$eval('#radio-panel', (element) => {
       const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
@@ -4531,7 +4490,7 @@ async function main() {
     await page.click('#radio-play-btn');
     await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('radio').module.getUIState().audioState === 'playing');
     await page.setViewport({ width: 390, height: 844, deviceScaleFactor: 1 });
-    await sleep(500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
     await page.$eval('#radio-panel', (element) => element.scrollIntoView({ block: 'nearest' }));
     await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(SHOTS_DIR, 'mobile.png') });
     const mobile = await page.$eval('#radio-panel', (element) => {
@@ -4599,7 +4558,7 @@ async function main() {
       failedResponses.slice(0, 3).join(' | '),
     );
   } finally {
-    await browser.close();
+    await closeBrowser(browser);
   }
 
   const failures = results.filter((result) => !result.ok).length;

scripts/qa-recent-imagery.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+// Cesium-only probes: native imagery stacks and split position verify the Cesium imagery adapter.
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
+import { whenUiSettled, whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
 /**
  * Rendered acceptance for DATA ▸ Recent Imagery against the real NASA
  * endpoints (CMR catalog, GIBS tiles, Worldview snapshots): the rail panel,
@@ -17,9 +20,9 @@
  * 4 s ZOOM IN wait and 0.8 s height-stability tail (defaults: 2 s / 1.2 s).
  * Every wait is bounded. Without NASA access the run skips with code 0.
  */
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import { chromeExecutablePath } from './qa-chrome.mjs';
 
 const BASE_URL = process.env.QA_BASE_URL || 'http://localhost:4173';
@@ -51,21 +54,14 @@ if (!(await networkAvailable())) {
   process.exit(0);
 }
 
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  headless: !HEADFUL,
-  ...(HEADFUL
-    ? {
-        executablePath: chromeExecutablePath(),
-      }
-    : {}),
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
+  headless: true,
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
     '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
     '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
     ...(HEADFUL ? ['--window-size=1280,860'] : []),
-    ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-      ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-      : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+    ...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []),
   ],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
@@ -200,7 +196,7 @@ const state = () =>
         : null,
       splitLeft: split ? split.getBoundingClientRect().left : null,
       splitPosition: gev.viewer.scene.splitPosition,
-      canvasWidth: gev.viewer.scene.canvas.clientWidth,
+      canvasWidth: window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.clientWidth,
       activeStack: qa.activeStack(),
       gibsOnGlobe: hosts.globe,
       gibsOnTileset: hosts.tileset,
@@ -212,25 +208,27 @@ const hostsDetail = (s) =>
 
 /** Put the camera straight down over a point at a height, no flight. */
 const setView = (view) =>
-  page.evaluate((target) => {
-    const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-    viewer.camera.cancelFlight?.();
-    viewer.scene.tweens?.removeAll?.();
-    viewer.camera.setView({
-      destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
-        longitude: (target.lon * Math.PI) / 180,
-        latitude: (target.lat * Math.PI) / 180,
-        height: target.height,
-      }),
-      orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
-    });
-    viewer.scene.requestRender();
-  }, view);
+  evaluateWithGeo(
+    page,
+    async (qaGeo, target) => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight?.();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
+          longitude: (target.lon * Math.PI) / 180,
+          latitude: (target.lat * Math.PI) / 180,
+          height: target.height,
+        }),
+        orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
+      });
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request();
+    },
+    view,
+  );
 
 /** Ground width of the camera's view rectangle, in km (0 without one). */
 const viewWidthKm = () =>
   page.evaluate(() => {
-    const rect = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.computeViewRectangle?.();
+    const rect = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.viewRectangle?.();
     if (!rect) return 0;
     const lat = (rect.south + rect.north) / 2;
     return Math.abs(rect.east - rect.west) * 6371 * Math.cos(lat);
@@ -279,8 +277,9 @@ async function probe() {
 const tilesSettled = () =>
   until(() => {
     const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
-    if (gev.viewer.scene.globe.show) return gev.viewer.scene.globe.tilesLoaded;
-    return !gev.tileset || gev.tileset.tilesLoaded;
+    if (gev.viewer.scene.globe.show)
+      return window.__godsEyeView.engine.surface.tilesLoaded();
+    return !gev.tileset || window.__godsEyeView.engine.surface.tilesLoaded();
   });
 const backOnPhotoreal = () =>
   until(() => window.__riQa.activeStack() === 'photoreal');
@@ -334,7 +333,7 @@ const measure = () =>
 let layoutBaseline = null;
 /** Every control's rect matches the baseline within 1 px. */
 async function checkLayout(label) {
-  await wait(150);
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   const now = await measure();
   if (!layoutBaseline) {
     layoutBaseline = now;
@@ -370,12 +369,13 @@ try {
     () =>
       window.__gevRecentImagery &&
       window.__godsEyeView &&
-      document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine,
     null,
     90_000,
   );
   check('the app boots with the Recent Imagery handle', booted);
   if (!booted) throw new Error('boot timeout');
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(installPageHelpers);
 
   await setView(AUSTIN);
@@ -586,10 +586,8 @@ try {
       changedColour = colour;
       break;
     }
-    await page.evaluate(() =>
-      window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.requestRender(),
-    );
-    await wait(1000);
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request());
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
   }
   check(
     'the rendered frame inside the box changes once the preview drapes',
@@ -681,7 +679,7 @@ try {
   );
   await checkLayout('pinned');
   await page.keyboard.press(targetIndex > 0 ? 'ArrowLeft' : 'ArrowRight');
-  await wait(700);
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   current = await state();
   check(
     'with the image pinned, focus moves without changing the map',
@@ -981,7 +979,7 @@ try {
   let refusalWidth = 0;
   for (const height of [400_000, 900_000, 1_800_000]) {
     await setView({ ...AUSTIN, height });
-    await wait(300);
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     refusalWidth = await viewWidthKm();
     if (refusalWidth > 1_100) break;
   }
@@ -1041,10 +1039,9 @@ try {
   await panelShot('05-refused-panel');
   // ZOOM IN: straight down to the height whose view is 400 km wide.
   const fitHeight = await page.evaluate(() => {
-    const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-    const canvas = viewer.scene.canvas;
+    const canvas = window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas;
     const halfWidth =
-      Math.tan(viewer.camera.frustum.fovy / 2) *
+      Math.tan(window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().fovy / 2) *
       (canvas.clientWidth / canvas.clientHeight);
     return Math.min(400, Math.max(5, 400 / (2 * halfWidth))) * 1000;
   });
@@ -1052,14 +1049,14 @@ try {
   const zoomed = await until(
     (target) =>
       Math.abs(
-        window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height - target,
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height - target,
       ) <=
       target * 0.01,
     fitHeight,
     ZOOM_TIMEOUT_MS,
   );
   const zoomedHeight = await page.evaluate(
-    () => window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height,
+    () => window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
   );
   check(
     `ZOOM IN reaches target within ${ZOOM_TIMEOUT_MS / 1_000} s`,
@@ -1235,7 +1232,7 @@ try {
     }, id);
   const imageryPanel = 'recent-imagery-panel';
   const collapsedNow = (await togglePanel(imageryPanel)) === false;
-  await wait(400);
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   const headerOnly = await page.evaluate(() => ({
     panel: document.getElementById('recent-imagery-panel')?.offsetHeight,
     body: document.getElementById('recent-imagery-panel-body')?.offsetHeight,
@@ -1249,7 +1246,7 @@ try {
     JSON.stringify(headerOnly),
   );
   const expandedAgain = await togglePanel(imageryPanel);
-  await wait(400);
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   const bodyBack = await page.evaluate(
     () => document.getElementById('recent-imagery-panel-body')?.offsetHeight,
   );
@@ -1270,7 +1267,7 @@ try {
           cctv: document.getElementById('cctv-panel')?.offsetHeight,
         })),
       );
-      await wait(100);
+      await whenUiSettled(page);
     }
     const tail = (key) =>
       new Set(samples.slice(-HEIGHT_TAIL_SAMPLES).map((s) => s[key]));
@@ -1315,7 +1312,7 @@ try {
   for (const height of [900, 700]) {
     const at = `(${height} px viewport)`;
     await page.setViewport({ width: 1280, height });
-    await wait(600);
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     check(
       `the CCTV panel expands from its launcher ${at}`,
       (await togglePanel('cctv-panel')) === true,
@@ -1372,7 +1369,7 @@ try {
           ?.classList.contains('collapsed'),
     );
     if (imageryExpanded) await togglePanel(imageryPanel);
-    await wait(400);
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     const onScreen = await page.evaluate(() =>
       Object.fromEntries(
         [
@@ -1389,7 +1386,7 @@ try {
       JSON.stringify(onScreen),
     );
     await togglePanel(imageryPanel);
-    await wait(400);
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
   }
 
   // ── scroll preservation (700 px viewport, body scrollable) ───────────────
@@ -1397,7 +1394,7 @@ try {
     const header = document.querySelector('#ri-details .rail-card-header');
     if (header?.getAttribute('aria-expanded') !== 'true') header?.click();
   });
-  await wait(300);
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   const bodyScroll = () =>
     page.evaluate(() => {
       const body = document.getElementById('recent-imagery-panel-body');
@@ -1424,7 +1421,7 @@ try {
       layer.setToolActive(true);
       layer.setToolActive(false);
     });
-    await wait(300);
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     const afterNotify = await bodyScroll();
     check(
       'the body scroll position survives alpha and state notifications',
@@ -1434,7 +1431,7 @@ try {
     await focusStrip();
     await page.keyboard.press('ArrowRight');
     await page.keyboard.press('ArrowRight');
-    await wait(600);
+    await whenUiSettled(page);
     const afterArrows = await bodyScroll();
     check(
       'the body scroll position survives arrow navigation',
@@ -1488,7 +1485,7 @@ try {
     error?.stack || error?.message || String(error),
   );
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 console.log(`shots: ${shots.join(', ')}`);
 console.log(`RESULT: ${checks} checks, ${failures} failures`);

scripts/qa-scene-controls.mjs

@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 /** Exercise installed Scene controls and real project/playback operations. */
+import { whenSettled, whenUiSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
 const shots = path.resolve('qa-shots/scene-controls');
 fs.mkdirSync(shots, { recursive: true });
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
-    ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-      ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-      : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+    ...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []),
   ],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
@@ -34,11 +33,10 @@ try {
     { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' },
   );
   await page.waitForFunction(
-    () =>
-      window.__godsEyeView?.sceneDirector?._controls &&
-      document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
+    () => window.__godsEyeView?.sceneDirector?._controls,
     { timeout: 60000 },
   );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(() => {
     window.__qaSceneState = [];
     window.__godsEyeView.sceneDirector.subscribe((notification) =>
@@ -294,6 +292,7 @@ try {
   );
   await page.click('#scene-start-btn');
   await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView.sceneDirector.running);
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.$eval('#scene-stop-btn', (button) => button.click());
   await page.waitForFunction(() => !window.__godsEyeView.sceneDirector.running);
   check(
@@ -364,7 +363,7 @@ try {
   await page.setViewport({ width: 390, height: 844 });
   // Phones present Scenes in the Layers tab's sheet.
   await page.click('#mobile-tab-bar [data-mobile-sheet="layers"]');
-  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 400));
+  await whenUiSettled(page);
   await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(shots, 'narrow.png') });
   check(
     'Scene controls stay inside the narrow viewport',
@@ -483,6 +482,6 @@ try {
     errors.length === 0,
   );
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 if (failures) process.exitCode = 1;

scripts/qa-scene-dialog-file-drop.mjs

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@
  * Needs the repository's puppeteer (devDependencies). Exit status 0 when the
  * drop selects the file, 1 otherwise.
  */
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import http from 'node:http';
 import { mkdtemp, rm, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import { createServer } from 'vite';
 import { VUE_PLUGIN_OPTIONS } from '../build/vueOptions.js';
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ async function main() {
   });
   await new Promise((resolve) => server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', resolve));
   const url = `http://127.0.0.1:${server.address().port}/`;
-  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ headless: true });
+  const browser = await launchBrowser({ headless: true });
   try {
     const page = await browser.newPage();
     await page.setViewport({ width: 1000, height: 800 });
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async function main() {
     }
     console.log('OK: a file dropped on the visible control is selected');
   } finally {
-    await browser.close();
+    await closeBrowser(browser);
     server.close();
     await vite.close();
     await rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });

scripts/qa-scope-hud.mjs

@@ -7,17 +7,16 @@
  * feather 0/11/100/200, layout independence,
  * share/scene restore, and visible text backing including rotated metadata.
  */
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
-    ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-      ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-      : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+    ...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []),
   ],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
@@ -214,16 +213,7 @@ async function openApplication(url) {
     () => window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._applicationShortcuts,
     { timeout: 60_000 },
   );
-  await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => {
-      const cover = document.getElementById('loading-screen');
-      return (
-        cover?.classList.contains('hidden') &&
-        Number(getComputedStyle(cover).opacity) === 0
-      );
-    },
-    { timeout: 60_000 },
-  );
+  await whenSettled(page);
 }
 
 try {
@@ -668,7 +658,7 @@ try {
   }
   check('runtime has no uncaught browser errors', errors.length === 0, errors);
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 console.log(`RESULT: ${failures} failures`);
 process.exitCode = failures ? 1 : 0;

scripts/qa-segmented-controls.mjs

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 /** Run against a dev server or built preview with QA_BASE_URL (default :4179). */
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  executablePath:
-    process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH || (await puppeteer.executablePath()),
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
-  args: ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader'],
+  args: [],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
 const errors = [];
@@ -30,11 +29,7 @@ try {
     () => window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._applicationShortcuts,
     { timeout: 60000 },
   );
-  await page.waitForFunction(
-    () =>
-      document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-    { timeout: 60000 },
-  );
+  await whenSettled(page);
   // DISPLAY holds most segmented controls; Draw's shape group is in UTILITIES.
   await page.evaluate(() => {
     for (const panel of ['pp-toggles', 'utilities-panel'])
@@ -347,7 +342,7 @@ try {
   await page.screenshot({ path: `${shots}/failure.png` }).catch(() => {});
   throw error;
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 console.log(`RESULT: ${failures.length} failures`);
 process.exitCode = failures.length ? 1 : 0;

scripts/qa-sky-model-lighting.mjs

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+// Cesium-only probes: standalone native scenes validate Cesium model lighting.
 /**
  * Lit airplane regression: StarrySky must match a black environment baseline.
  * A white environment is a positive control: it must visibly brighten the
  * same model. Each case uses a fresh scene and dynamic environment map.
  * Usage: node scripts/qa-sky-model-lighting.mjs [--url http://localhost:4333/]
  */
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
 const i = process.argv.indexOf('--url');
 const base = i > 0 ? process.argv[i + 1] : 'http://localhost:4333/';
 const url = new URL('/__qa_sky_model__', base);
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   args: ['--no-sandbox', '--ignore-gpu-blocklist'],
 });
@@ -145,5 +146,5 @@ try {
     'PASS: lit airplane matches black sky; white control is brighter',
   );
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-status-badges.mjs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 /** Badge acceptance on dev/preview. Camera state is a disposable controller fixture. */
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
-  args: ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader'],
+  args: [],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
 page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(60000);
@@ -31,11 +32,10 @@ try {
       { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' },
     );
     await page.waitForFunction(
-      () =>
-        window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._cctvControls &&
-        document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
+      () => window.__godsEyeView?.styleManager?._cctvControls,
       { timeout: 60000 },
     );
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.evaluate(async () => {
       const { dataManager, styleManager: manager } = window.__godsEyeView;
       await dataManager.setEnabled('wind', true);
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ try {
   }
   check('no uncaught browser errors', errors.length === 0, errors);
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 console.log(`${checks} checks; ${failures} failures`);
 process.exitCode = failures ? 1 : 0;

scripts/qa-street-level.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import { blockPaidQaMaps } from './qa-map-policy.mjs';
 /**
  * Browser QA for the Street Level layer against a running server:
@@ -223,6 +226,7 @@ async function boot(page, url) {
   await page.waitForFunction(() => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager), {
     timeout: 150_000,
   });
+  await whenSettled(page);
   await page.evaluate(() =>
     document.querySelector('.first-run-explore')?.click(),
   );
@@ -338,8 +342,9 @@ async function assertKeyRequired(page) {
 const findPick = (page, prefix, { box = null, step = 3 } = {}) =>
   page.evaluate(
     (want, area, stride) => {
-      const { scene } = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      const rect = scene.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+      const { engine } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const rect =
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
       const { x, y, w, h } = area || {
         x: 0,
         y: Math.round(rect.height / 2),
@@ -348,7 +353,7 @@ const findPick = (page, prefix, { box = null, step = 3 } = {}) =>
       };
       for (let py = y; py < y + h; py += stride)
         for (let px = x; px < x + w; px += stride) {
-          const id = scene.pick({ x: px, y: py })?.id;
+          const id = engine.picker.pick({ x: px, y: py })?.id;
           if (typeof id === 'string' && id.startsWith(want))
             return {
               x: rect.left + px,
@@ -378,30 +383,33 @@ async function findPickUntil(
   for (;;) {
     const hit = await findPick(page, prefix, { box, step });
     if (hit || Date.now() >= deadline) return hit;
-    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
+    await whenSettled(page);
   }
 }
 
 /** Park the camera at `at`; a late startup flight can move it. */
 async function park(page, at = PARK) {
   for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 5; attempt++) {
-    const stayed = await page.evaluate(async (at) => {
-      const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-      v.camera.cancelFlight?.();
-      const C = v.camera.positionCartographic.constructor;
-      v.camera.setView({
-        destination: v.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
-          C.fromDegrees(at.lon, at.lat, at.height),
-        ),
-        orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: at.pitch, roll: 0 },
-      });
-      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1500));
-      const c = v.camera.positionCartographic;
-      return (
-        Math.abs((c.longitude * 180) / Math.PI - at.lon) < 0.001 &&
-        Math.abs((c.latitude * 180) / Math.PI - at.lat) < 0.001
-      );
-    }, at);
+    const stayed = await evaluateWithGeo(
+      page,
+      async (qaGeo, at) => {
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight?.();
+        const C = qaGeo.cartographic;
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+          destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian(
+            C.fromDegrees(at.lon, at.lat, at.height),
+          ),
+          orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: at.pitch, roll: 0 },
+        });
+        await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1500));
+        const c = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic;
+        return (
+          Math.abs((c.longitude * 180) / Math.PI - at.lon) < 0.001 &&
+          Math.abs((c.latitude * 180) / Math.PI - at.lat) < 0.001
+        );
+      },
+      at,
+    );
     if (stayed) return;
   }
   throw new Error(`the camera would not stay parked at ${JSON.stringify(at)}`);
@@ -414,14 +422,11 @@ async function main() {
   const url = urlIndex >= 0 ? args[urlIndex + 1] : 'http://localhost:4173';
   const fixtures = args.includes('--fixtures');
   const strict = args.includes('--strict');
-  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+  const browser = await launchBrowser({
     headless: true,
-    executablePath:
-      process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH ||
-      (await puppeteer.executablePath()),
     defaultViewport: VIEWPORT,
     protocolTimeout: 300_000,
-    args: ['--no-sandbox', '--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader'],
+    args: ['--no-sandbox'],
   });
   let count = 0;
   const skips = [];
@@ -494,7 +499,7 @@ async function main() {
           box === 'column'
             ? await page.evaluate(() => {
                 const { height, width } =
-                  window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+                  window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
                 return { x: Math.round(width * 0.3), y: 0, w: 1, h: height };
               })
             : null;
@@ -560,7 +565,7 @@ async function main() {
         'keyless server: the MAPILLARY chip explains its key instead of switching',
         async () => {
           await press(page, '#sl-provider-chips [data-chip-id="mapillary"]');
-          await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
+          await whenSettled(page);
           assert.ok(litAlone(await getUI(page), 'kartaview'));
         },
       );
@@ -831,7 +836,7 @@ async function main() {
     if (dir) console.error(`failure evidence saved in ${dir}/`);
     throw error;
   } finally {
-    await browser.close();
+    await closeBrowser(browser);
   }
 }
 

scripts/qa-terrain-429.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+// Cesium-only probes: native terrain-tree counters verify Cesium retry behavior.
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
+import { whenSettled, until } from './qa/ready.mjs';
 /**
  * Keyless terrain throttling probe.
  *
@@ -21,8 +24,8 @@
  * Exits 1 when a throttled tile never recovered or a terrain tile is left in
  * Cesium's FAILED state.
  */
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 
 const appUrl = process.env.QA_BASE_URL || 'http://localhost:4173';
 const argv = process.argv.slice(2);
@@ -46,20 +49,10 @@ const headful = argv.includes('--headful');
 const TERRAIN_HOST = 'terrain.reearth.land';
 const TILE_PATTERN = /\/cesium-mesh\/ellipsoid\/\d+\/\d+\/\d+\.terrain/;
 
-const executablePath =
-  process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH ||
-  (await puppeteer.executablePath().catch(() => null));
-if (!executablePath || !fs.existsSync(executablePath)) {
-  throw new Error('Puppeteer Chrome for Testing is unavailable');
-}
-
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-  headless: headful ? false : 'new',
-  executablePath,
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
+  headless: true,
   args: [
-    ...(process.platform === 'darwin'
-      ? ['--use-angle=metal', '--enable-gpu']
-      : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+    ...(process.platform === 'darwin' ? ['--enable-gpu'] : []),
     '--no-sandbox',
   ],
 });
@@ -149,31 +142,17 @@ page.on('console', (message) => {
 });
 
 const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
-const waitFor = async (predicate, timeoutMs, label) => {
-  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs;
-  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
-    if (await predicate()) return;
-    await sleep(250);
-  }
-  throw new Error(`timed out waiting for ${label}`);
-};
 
 const setCamera = (lon, lat, height) =>
-  page.evaluate(
-    ({ lon, lat, height }) => {
-      const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+  evaluateWithGeo(
+    page,
+    async (qaGeo, { lon, lat, height }) => {
       // The app's own startup flight would otherwise keep steering the camera
       // through the burst and turn the zoom-out into a zoom-in.
-      viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-      const cartographic =
-        viewer.camera.positionCartographic.constructor.fromDegrees(
-          lon,
-          lat,
-          height,
-        );
-      viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination:
-          viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(cartographic),
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      const cartographic = qaGeo.cartographic.fromDegrees(lon, lat, height);
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian(cartographic),
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
       window.__godsEyeView.requestRender?.();
@@ -183,7 +162,7 @@ const setCamera = (lon, lat, height) =>
 
 const cameraHeight = () =>
   page.evaluate(
-    () => window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height,
+    () => window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
   );
 
 const globeState = () =>
@@ -203,7 +182,7 @@ const globeState = () =>
     return {
       failed,
       loaded,
-      tilesLoaded: viewer.scene.globe.tilesLoaded,
+      tilesLoaded: window.__godsEyeView.engine.surface.tilesLoaded(),
       provider: viewer.terrainProvider?.constructor?.name,
     };
   });
@@ -212,8 +191,9 @@ const burst = async () => {
   if (mode === 'zoomOut') {
     for (let i = 0; i < notches; i += 1) {
       await page.evaluate(() => {
-        const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
-        viewer.camera.zoomOut(viewer.camera.positionCartographic.height * 0.6);
+        window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.zoomOut(
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height * 0.6,
+        );
         window.__godsEyeView.requestRender?.();
       });
       await sleep(40);
@@ -230,14 +210,22 @@ const burst = async () => {
 
 try {
   await page.goto(appUrl, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
-  await page.waitForFunction(() => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView?.viewer), {
+  await page.waitForFunction(() => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView?.engine), {
     timeout: 60000,
   });
-  await waitFor(() => layerJsonSeen, 60000, 'the Re:Earth layer.json fetch');
-  await waitFor(
+  await whenSettled(page);
+  await until(() => layerJsonSeen, {
+    timeoutMs: 60000,
+    intervalMs: 250,
+    label: 'the Re:Earth layer.json fetch',
+  });
+  await until(
     async () => (await globeState()).provider === 'CesiumTerrainProvider',
-    30000,
-    'the keyless terrain provider',
+    {
+      timeoutMs: 30000,
+      intervalMs: 250,
+      label: 'the keyless terrain provider',
+    },
   );
 
   const summaries = [];
@@ -246,16 +234,16 @@ try {
     // overwrite the first setView on the very next frame.
     for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 5; attempt += 1) {
       await setCamera(-97.7431, 30.2672, 40000);
-      await sleep(1500);
+      await whenSettled(page);
       const height = await cameraHeight();
       if (Math.abs(height - 40000) < 1000) break;
     }
-    await waitFor(
-      async () => (await globeState()).tilesLoaded,
-      30000,
-      'the 40 km view to settle',
-    ).catch(() => {});
-    await sleep(2000);
+    await until(async () => (await globeState()).tilesLoaded, {
+      timeoutMs: 30000,
+      intervalMs: 250,
+      label: 'the 40 km view to settle',
+    }).catch(() => {});
+    await whenSettled(page);
     const settledHeight = await cameraHeight();
     if (Math.abs(settledHeight - 40000) > 1000) {
       throw new Error(
@@ -358,5 +346,5 @@ try {
   );
   process.exitCode = failures.length ? 1 : 0;
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-traffic-baseline.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
+import { whenSettled, whenFramesDrawn } from './qa/ready.mjs';
 /**
  * qa-traffic-baseline.mjs — Traffic Phase 0 causal-chain capture.
  *
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@
  * the latency plan.
  */
 
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 
 const argv = process.argv.slice(2);
@@ -53,20 +55,7 @@ const HEADFUL = argv.includes('--headful');
 const TIMEOUT_MS = Math.max(10_000, getNumberOpt('--timeout-ms', 120_000));
 const DEGRADED_DELAY_MS = Math.max(0, getNumberOpt('--degraded-delay-ms', 2500));
 
-const CHROME_EXECUTABLE_CANDIDATES = [
-  process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH,
-  await puppeteer.executablePath().catch(() => null),
-  '/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome',
-  '/Applications/Google Chrome Canary.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome Canary',
-  '/Applications/Chromium.app/Contents/MacOS/Chromium',
-].filter(Boolean);
 
-function findChromeExecutable() {
-  for (const candidate of CHROME_EXECUTABLE_CANDIDATES) {
-    try { if (fs.existsSync(candidate)) return candidate; } catch { /* ignore */ }
-  }
-  return null;
-}
 
 const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
 
@@ -95,16 +84,15 @@ function debugUrl(rawUrl) {
 
 /** Position the camera and explicitly raise the boundaries the layer observes. */
 async function moveCamera(page, view) {
-  return page.evaluate((v) => {
+  return evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo, v) => {
     const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
     const module = gev.dataManager.layers.get('traffic').module;
     const beforeLastUpdate = module.getStats().lastUpdate;
     const boundaryTime = performance.now();
-    const ellipsoid = gev.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
     const radians = Math.PI / 180;
-    try { gev.viewer.camera.cancelFlight(); } catch { /* no active flight */ }
-    gev.viewer.camera.setView({
-      destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+    try { window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight(); } catch { /* no active flight */ }
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+      destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
         longitude: v.lon * radians,
         latitude: v.lat * radians,
         height: v.height,
@@ -119,8 +107,7 @@ async function moveCamera(page, view) {
     // explicitly makes the capture boundary deterministic across GPU speeds.
     // Pairing still flows through camera.changed's schedule-time anchor; the
     // synthetic moveEnd is emitted only as the same diagnostic used naturally.
-    gev.viewer.camera.changed.raiseEvent();
-    gev.viewer.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
     return { beforeLastUpdate, boundaryTime };
   }, view);
 }
@@ -144,7 +131,7 @@ async function waitForTrafficCapture(page, beforeLastUpdate, boundaryTime) {
     boundaryTime,
   );
   // Let a final full-pass postRender land after `_fetching` flips false.
-  await sleep(150);
+  await whenFramesDrawn(page);
 }
 
 /** Return serializable Traffic User Timing measures created after a boundary. */
@@ -272,7 +259,7 @@ function rowsForCapture(capture) {
 /** Read the active WebGL renderer for the real-GPU/SwiftShader warning. */
 function readRenderer(page) {
   return page.evaluate(() => {
-    const gl = window.__godsEyeView?.viewer?.scene?.context?._gl;
+    const gl = window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.getContext('webgl2');
     if (!gl) return 'unknown';
     const extension = gl.getExtension('WEBGL_debug_renderer_info');
     return extension
@@ -285,7 +272,7 @@ async function main() {
   const url = debugUrl(APP_URL);
   console.log('\nTraffic Phase 0 — causal-chain baseline capture');
   console.log(`  App URL          : ${url}`);
-  console.log(`  Browser mode     : ${HEADFUL ? 'headful (real GPU expected)' : 'headless SwiftShader (relative-only)'}`);
+  console.log(`  Browser mode     : headless (QA_ANGLE=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'metal'})`);
   console.log(`  Degraded delay   : ${DEGRADED_DELAY_MS ? `${DEGRADED_DELAY_MS} ms/request` : 'skipped'}`);
 
   try {
@@ -296,19 +283,9 @@ async function main() {
     process.exit(2);
   }
 
-  const executablePath = findChromeExecutable();
-  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-    headless: HEADFUL ? false : 'new',
-    ...(executablePath ? { executablePath } : {}),
-    args: [
-      '--no-sandbox',
-      '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-      '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
-      '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
-      '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
-      '--window-size=1440,900',
-      ...(HEADFUL ? [] : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
-    ],
+  const browser = await launchBrowser({
+    headless: true,
+    args: ['--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox', '--disable-dev-shm-usage', '--disable-background-timer-throttling', '--disable-renderer-backgrounding', '--window-size=1440,900', ...(HEADFUL ? [] : [])],
   });
 
   let activeProxyDelayMs = 0;
@@ -343,19 +320,19 @@ async function main() {
 
     await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60_000 });
     await page.waitForFunction(
-      () => window.__godsEyeView?.viewer && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
+      () => window.__godsEyeView?.engine && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
       { timeout: 60_000 },
     );
+    await whenSettled(page);
 
     // Disable all persisted overlays, park above traffic's activation ceiling,
     // then enable traffic without accidentally starting an unmeasured load.
-    await page.evaluate(async (highView) => {
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo, highView) => {
       const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
       await gev.dataManager.restoreEnabledLayerIds([]);
-      const ellipsoid = gev.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
       const radians = Math.PI / 180;
-      gev.viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: highView.lon * radians,
           latitude: highView.lat * radians,
           height: 9000,
@@ -363,10 +340,9 @@ async function main() {
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
       await gev.dataManager.setEnabled('traffic', true);
-      gev.viewer.camera.changed.raiseEvent();
-      gev.viewer.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
     }, VIEWS.austin);
-    await sleep(500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
 
     const renderer = await readRenderer(page);
     const softwareRenderer = /swiftshader|software/i.test(renderer);
@@ -386,22 +362,19 @@ async function main() {
 
     // Clear the last-bounds gate without clearing the module's road cache, then
     // revisit the byte-identical camera pose for a true client-cache hit.
-    await page.evaluate((view) => {
-      const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
-      const ellipsoid = gev.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
+    await evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo, view) => {
       const radians = Math.PI / 180;
-      gev.viewer.camera.setView({
-        destination: ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
           longitude: view.lon * radians,
           latitude: view.lat * radians,
           height: 9000,
         }),
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
-      gev.viewer.camera.changed.raiseEvent();
-      gev.viewer.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
     }, VIEWS.austin);
-    await sleep(500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
 
     captures.push(await captureState(page, 'exact-viewport revisit', VIEWS.austin, (msValue) => {
       activeProxyDelayMs = msValue;
@@ -467,7 +440,7 @@ async function main() {
       for (const error of consoleErrors.slice(0, 5)) console.log(`      ${error}`);
     }
   } finally {
-    await browser.close();
+    await closeBrowser(browser);
   }
 }
 

scripts/qa-traffic-jamviz-ab.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
+import { whenSettled, whenTilesLoaded, whenFramesDrawn } from './qa/ready.mjs';
 /**
  * qa-traffic-jamviz-ab.mjs — A/B screenshot capture for the jam-viz
  * congestion prototypes (feat/traffic-jam-viz).
@@ -18,7 +20,7 @@
  * Exits non-zero on harness failure (missing live mode, zero dots, etc.).
  */
 
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
@@ -53,50 +55,18 @@ const VIEWS = [
 ];
 const MODES = ['none', 'density', 'heatline', 'both'];
 
-const CHROME_EXECUTABLE_CANDIDATES = [
-  process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH,
-  // Prefer puppeteer's version-pinned Chrome-for-Testing over the system
-  // Chrome: /Applications auto-updates underneath the harnesses, and its
-  // software-GL behavior shifts across majors (system Chrome 150 blew the
-  // tile-gated drain budget under SwiftShader on 2026-07-30 — six
-  // false-negative qa-cctv-v2 runs against a healthy build). A deterministic
-  // pinned browser beats the newest one for regression harnesses.
-  await puppeteer.executablePath().catch(() => null),
-  '/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome',
-  '/Applications/Google Chrome Canary.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome Canary',
-  '/Applications/Chromium.app/Contents/MacOS/Chromium',
-].filter(Boolean);
-const findChromeExecutable = () =>
-  CHROME_EXECUTABLE_CANDIDATES.find((c) => { try { return fs.existsSync(c); } catch { return false; } }) || null;
 
 const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms));
 
 /** Same pattern as qa-cctv-v2: wait for the 3D tileset to settle for crisp shots. */
-function waitForTilesLoaded(page, timeoutMs) {
-  return page.waitForFunction(
-    () => {
-      const prims = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.primitives;
-      for (let i = 0; i < prims.length; i++) {
-        const p = prims.get(i);
-        if (p && p.constructor && p.constructor.name === 'Cesium3DTileset') {
-          return p.tilesLoaded === true;
-        }
-      }
-      return true;
-    },
-    { timeout: timeoutMs }
-  ).then(() => true).catch(() => false);
-}
 
 /** Teleport to a view (cancelling any camera flight first). */
 function setView(page, v) {
-  return page.evaluate((view) => {
-    const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
-    try { gev.viewer.camera.cancelFlight(); } catch { /* no flight */ }
-    const ell = gev.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
+  return evaluateWithGeo(page, async (qaGeo, view) => {
+    try { window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight(); } catch { /* no flight */ }
     const d2r = Math.PI / 180;
-    gev.viewer.camera.setView({
-      destination: ell.cartographicToCartesian({
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
+      destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
         longitude: view.lon * d2r, latitude: view.lat * d2r, height: view.height,
       }),
       orientation: {
@@ -155,15 +125,9 @@ async function main() {
   }
 
   fs.mkdirSync(OUT_DIR, { recursive: true });
-  const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
-    headless: 'new',
-    ...(findChromeExecutable() ? { executablePath: findChromeExecutable() } : {}),
-    args: [
-      '--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox', '--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader',
-      '--disable-dev-shm-usage', '--disable-web-security',
-      '--disable-background-timer-throttling', '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
-      '--window-size=1600,900',
-    ],
+  const browser = await launchBrowser({
+    headless: true,
+    args: ['--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox', '--disable-dev-shm-usage', '--disable-web-security', '--disable-background-timer-throttling', '--disable-renderer-backgrounding', '--window-size=1600,900'],
   });
 
   const manifest = [];
@@ -174,11 +138,12 @@ async function main() {
     console.log('Loading app...');
     await page.goto(APP_URL, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
     await page.waitForFunction(
-      () => window.__godsEyeView?.viewer && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
+      () => window.__godsEyeView?.engine && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
       { timeout: 60000 },
     );
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.setEnabled('traffic', true));
-    await sleep(1500);
+    await whenFramesDrawn(page);
 
     let firstView = true;
     for (const view of VIEWS) {
@@ -203,7 +168,7 @@ async function main() {
         );
         await setView(page, view);
         const stats = await waitForFreshRender(page, since);
-        await waitForTilesLoaded(page, firstView ? 30000 : 15000);
+        await whenTilesLoaded(page, { timeoutMs: firstView ? 30000 : 15000 }).then(() => true).catch(() => false);
         await sleep(1400); // flow-recolor race + heat-line pulse mid-bright
 
         const final = await page.evaluate(() => {
@@ -249,7 +214,7 @@ async function main() {
     exitCode = 3;
   } finally {
     fs.writeFileSync(path.join(OUT_DIR, 'manifest.json'), JSON.stringify(manifest, null, 2));
-    await browser.close();
+    await closeBrowser(browser);
   }
   console.log(`\nShots + manifest.json → ${OUT_DIR}`);
   process.exit(exitCode);

scripts/qa-traffic-motion.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+// Cesium-only probes: native primitive inspection independently measures the Cesium road paint.
+import { evaluateWithGeo } from './qa/geometry.mjs';
 /**
  * Traffic motion acceptance: real-GPU Puppeteer, stable identities, stationary
  * camera holds and timestamped CDP JPEGs encoded with ffmpeg. No tile mocks.
@@ -9,10 +11,11 @@
  * --journey follows a neighborhood-to-city route with layer toggles, then
  * checks Capitol/greenbelt/parking/corridor views against a 1.5 s limit.
  */
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 const args = process.argv.slice(2);
 if (args.includes('--help')) {
   console.log(
@@ -37,11 +40,10 @@ fs.mkdirSync(root, { recursive: true });
 const revision = execFileSync('git', ['rev-parse', 'HEAD'], {
   encoding: 'utf8',
 }).trim();
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   protocolTimeout: 300000,
   args: [
-    '--use-angle=metal',
     '--window-size=1280,800',
     '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
     '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
@@ -84,12 +86,10 @@ try {
     u.searchParams.set('trafficRoads', mode);
     u.searchParams.set('trafficDebug', '1');
     await page.goto(u.href, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
-    await page.waitForFunction(
-      () =>
-        window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager &&
-        document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-      { timeout: 120000 },
-    );
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager, {
+      timeout: 120000,
+    });
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.evaluate(
       () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise,
     );
@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ try {
       g.styleManager.setDetection({ enabled: false });
       for (const [id] of g.dataManager.layers)
         g.dataManager.setEnabled(id, false);
-      g.viewer.scene.screenSpaceCameraController.enableCollisionDetection = false;
     });
     const identity = await page.evaluate(() => ({
       title: document.title,
@@ -159,10 +158,10 @@ try {
       clock.style.cssText =
         'position:fixed;bottom:4px;left:38%;padding:3px 8px;background:#000c;color:#fff;font:12px monospace;z-index:999999;pointer-events:none';
       document.body.append(clock);
-      viewer.camera.moveEnd.addEventListener(() =>
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.moveEnd.addEventListener(() =>
         window.__motion.moveEnds.push(performance.now()),
       );
-      scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
         if (!window.__motion.active) return;
         discoverCollections();
         const now = performance.now(),
@@ -174,7 +173,9 @@ try {
             : ` | camera stopped +${((now - window.__motion.holdStart) / 1000).toFixed(1)}s`);
         const visit = (id, roadId, point) => {
           if (!point.show) return;
-          const s = scene.cartesianToCanvasCoordinates(point.position);
+          const s = window.__godsEyeView.engine.projector.worldToWindow(
+            point.position,
+          );
           if (s && s.x >= 0 && s.y >= 0 && s.x <= 1280 && s.y <= 800)
             points.set(id, { x: s.x, y: s.y, roadId });
         };
@@ -268,21 +269,19 @@ try {
       });
     }, baseline);
     const fly = (lat, lon, height, pitch, duration, heading = 20) =>
-      page.evaluate(
-        async (v) => {
-          const { viewer } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      evaluateWithGeo(
+        page,
+        async (qaGeo, v) => {
           window.__motion.label = 'camera moving';
           window.__motion.holdStart = null;
-          viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
+          window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
           await new Promise((resolve) =>
-            viewer.camera.flyTo({
-              destination: viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid.cartographicToCartesian(
-                {
-                  latitude: (v.lat * Math.PI) / 180,
-                  longitude: (v.lon * Math.PI) / 180,
-                  height: v.height,
-                },
-              ),
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo({
+              destination: qaGeo.cartographic.toCartesian({
+                latitude: (v.lat * Math.PI) / 180,
+                longitude: (v.lon * Math.PI) / 180,
+                height: v.height,
+              }),
               orientation: {
                 heading: (v.heading * Math.PI) / 180,
                 pitch: (v.pitch * Math.PI) / 180,
@@ -534,7 +533,7 @@ try {
     await page.close();
   }
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
   fs.writeFileSync(
     path.join(root, 'results.json'),
     JSON.stringify(

scripts/qa-traffic-navigation.mjs

@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
+import { whenSettled, until } from './qa/ready.mjs';
 // Deterministic city-navigation exercise; road/flow responses are fixtures.
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import { trafficFixtureResponse } from './traffic-fixtures.mjs';
 
 const args = process.argv.slice(2);
 const url = args[args.indexOf('--url') + 1] || 'http://localhost:4173';
-const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   protocolTimeout: 120000,
   args: [
     '--no-sandbox',
     '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
-    '--use-gl=angle',
-    '--use-angle=swiftshader',
     '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
   ],
 });
@@ -44,15 +42,15 @@ try {
     await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager, {
       timeout: 60000,
     });
-    await sleep(5000);
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.keyboard.press('Escape');
     await page.evaluate(async (withCctv) => {
-      const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
       const C = await import('/node_modules/.vite/deps/cesium.js');
       for (const id of ['satellites', 'flights', 'military'])
         await dataManager.setEnabled(id, false);
-      viewer.camera.cancelFlight();
-      viewer.camera.setView({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.setView({
         destination: C.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(-97.744, 30.267, 3200),
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
       });
@@ -71,27 +69,28 @@ try {
       console.log(
         'Traffic timeout state',
         await page.evaluate(() => {
-          const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+          const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
           return {
             stats: dataManager.layers.get('traffic').module.getStats(),
-            camera: viewer.camera.positionCartographic,
+            camera: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic,
           };
         }),
       );
       throw error;
     }
-    await sleep(2500);
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.evaluate(async () => {
-      const { viewer } = window.__godsEyeView;
       const C = await import('/node_modules/.vite/deps/cesium.js');
-      viewer.camera.flyTo({
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.flyTo({
         destination: C.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(-0.1276, 51.5072, 3200),
         orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
         duration: 4,
       });
     });
-    const deadline = Date.now() + 45000;
-    while (londonRequests < 2 && Date.now() < deadline) await sleep(500);
+    await until(() => londonRequests >= 2, {
+      timeoutMs: 45000,
+      label: 'London retry',
+    });
     assert.ok(
       londonRequests >= 2,
       'London must recover its failed request without a toggle',
@@ -121,5 +120,5 @@ try {
     await page.close();
   }
 } finally {
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }

scripts/qa-traffic-oblique.mjs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 /** Reticle coverage on oblique arrivals: source requests, toggle oracle and zoom revisits. */
+import { whenSettled } from './qa/ready.mjs';
+import { launchBrowser, closeBrowser } from './qa/browser.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
 import {
   moveCamera,
   createScreencast,
@@ -20,12 +21,10 @@ const modes = modeArg ? [modeArg] : ['tomtom', 'osm', 'hybrid'];
 const out = `qa-shots/oblique-${baseline ? 'before' : 'after'}`;
 fs.mkdirSync(out, { recursive: true });
 const result = { views: [], errors: [], forbidden: [], failures: [] };
-const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms));
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+const browser = await launchBrowser({
   headless: true,
   protocolTimeout: 180000,
   args: [
-    '--use-angle=metal',
     '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
     '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
   ],
@@ -59,12 +58,10 @@ try {
     const url = new URL(args.find((a) => /^https?:/.test(a)));
     url.searchParams.set('trafficRoads', mode);
     await page.goto(url.href, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
-    await page.waitForFunction(
-      () =>
-        window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager &&
-        document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
-      { timeout: 120000 },
-    );
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager, {
+      timeout: 120000,
+    });
+    await whenSettled(page);
     await page.evaluate(
       () => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise,
     );
@@ -74,18 +71,19 @@ try {
       for (const [id] of g.dataManager.layers)
         await g.dataManager.setEnabled(id, false);
       g.styleManager.setDetection({ enabled: false });
-      g.viewer.scene.screenSpaceCameraController.enableCollisionDetection = false;
     });
     const snap = () =>
       page.evaluate(() => {
-        const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+        const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
         let upper = 0,
           lower = 0;
         dataManager.layers
           .get('traffic')
           .module.visitMotionDots((id, key, p) => {
             if (!p.show) return;
-            const s = viewer.scene.cartesianToCanvasCoordinates(p.position);
+            const s = window.__godsEyeView.engine.projector.worldToWindow(
+              p.position,
+            );
             if (s && s.x >= 240 && s.x <= 1040 && s.y >= 0 && s.y <= 800) {
               if (s.y < 400) upper++;
               else lower++;
@@ -98,7 +96,7 @@ try {
         };
       });
     const settle = async () => {
-      await sleep(700);
+      await whenSettled(page);
       await page
         .waitForFunction(
           () => {
@@ -110,7 +108,7 @@ try {
           { timeout: 15000 },
         )
         .catch(() => {});
-      await sleep(1200);
+      await whenSettled(page);
       return snap();
     };
     for (const [name, lat, lon, height] of [
@@ -186,20 +184,22 @@ try {
       mode === 'hybrid' ? await createScreencast(page, dir, { fps: 24 }) : null;
     await installFrameProbe(page);
     await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const { viewer, dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const { dataManager } = window.__godsEyeView;
       window.__obliqueFrames = [];
       window.__obliqueMoving = true;
-      viewer.scene.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+      window.__godsEyeView.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
         const s = dataManager.layers.get('traffic').module.getStats();
         let upper = 0,
           lower = 0,
           near = 0;
-        const camera = viewer.camera.positionWC;
+        const camera = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().position;
         dataManager.layers
           .get('traffic')
           .module.visitMotionDots((id, key, p) => {
             if (!p.show) return;
-            const q = viewer.scene.cartesianToCanvasCoordinates(p.position);
+            const q = window.__godsEyeView.engine.projector.worldToWindow(
+              p.position,
+            );
             if (q && q.x >= 240 && q.x <= 1040 && q.y >= 0 && q.y <= 800) {
               if (q.y < 400) upper++;
               else lower++;
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ try {
       window.__obliqueMoving = false;
     });
     const panned = await settle();
-    await sleep(1800);
+    await whenSettled(page);
     const frames = await page.evaluate(() => window.__obliqueFrames);
     await page.evaluate(() =>
       window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.setEnabled('traffic', false),
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ try {
   }
 } finally {
   fs.writeFileSync(`${out}/result.json`, JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
-  await browser.close();
+  await closeBrowser(browser);
 }
 if (
   !baseline &&