Complete phase 3 W1 acceptance and close T16 findings

Fix Navara model display tint, overlay ordering, follow gestures and resource cleanup.
Reduce repeated aircraft work and correct fixture enrichment responses.
Strengthen dev/preview QA, preserve failure history and document verified W1 results.

Validation: 7171 ordinary tests pass, one Windows-only skip; 15 allocation probes;
37 W1 acceptance steps; contracts, shell, four performance gates; 18 identical
Cesium baseline PNGs. Known pre-existing CCTV and live-source limits are recorded.

scripts/check-import-directions.mjs

@@ -43,7 +43,21 @@ const RENDERED_LAYER_DIRS = [
   'src/layers/aircraft/',
   'src/layers/shared/',
 ];
+const W1_SHARED_FILES = new Set(
+  [
+    'trackedCamera',
+    'trailRenderer',
+    'contactTrailRenderer',
+    'focusDeemphasis',
+    'spriteOrder',
+    'iconOrientation',
+    'modelVisualAnchor',
+    'trackingClickGesture',
+  ].map((name) => `src/data/${name}.js`),
+);
 const renderedLayer = (file) =>
+  W1_SHARED_FILES.has(file) ||
+  file.startsWith('src/data/render/') ||
   file === 'src/celestialRing.js' ||
   file.startsWith('src/celestialRing/') ||
   RENDERED_LAYER_DIRS.some((dir) => file.startsWith(dir));

scripts/format-scope.json

@@ -1160,5 +1160,24 @@
   "src/layers/launches/render/navara.test.mjs",
   "scripts/qa-launches-compare.mjs",
   "src/layers/satellites/interaction.test.mjs",
-  "src/layers/launches/lifecycleSnapshot.test.mjs"
+  "src/layers/launches/lifecycleSnapshot.test.mjs",
+  "scripts/vite-w1-qa.config.mjs",
+  "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
+  "src/data/render/cesiumTrailRenderer.js",
+  "src/data/render/cesiumContactTrailRenderer.js",
+  "scripts/qa-follow-gestures.mjs",
+  "scripts/qa-w1-baseline-pixels.mjs",
+  "src/tooling/w1QaComparison.test.mjs",
+  "src/layers/flights/trackingRefresh.test.mjs",
+  "scripts/qa-heading-navara.mjs",
+  "src/layers/aircraft/qaDrawn.test.mjs",
+  "src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js",
+  "src/globe/navara/movers/frameCamera.js",
+  "src/globe/navara/overlayPass.js",
+  "src/globe/navara/overlayPass.test.mjs",
+  "src/globe/navara/movers/modelTint.js",
+  "src/globe/navara/movers/frameCamera.test.mjs",
+  "src/layers/localAdsb/qaDrawn.js",
+  "src/layers/localAdsb/qaDrawn.test.mjs",
+  "src/tooling/w1RuntimeEvidence.test.mjs"
 ]

scripts/package-boundaries.json

@@ -858,10 +858,12 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/renderAltitude.js",
       "src/data/routePlausible.js",
@@ -922,10 +924,12 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/renderAltitude.js",
       "src/data/trackedModelRegime.js",
@@ -981,11 +985,13 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/renderAltitude.js",
       "src/data/routePlausible.js",
@@ -1035,6 +1041,7 @@
       "src/layers/vessels/tracking.js",
       "src/layers/shared/color.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/vesselLabels.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js",
@@ -1090,6 +1097,7 @@
       "src/data/firmsAdapt.js",
       "src/data/firmsLabels.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/layers/firms/anchors.js",
       "src/layers/firms/cards.js",
       "src/layers/firms/index.js",
@@ -1276,6 +1284,7 @@
       "src/cyberSonar.js",
       "src/cockpitMath.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/controls.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/dependencies.js",
@@ -1423,7 +1432,9 @@
       "src/data/cctvLod.js",
       "src/data/cctvViewshed.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/trackingClickGesture.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/calibration.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/cards.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/catalog.js",
@@ -1576,6 +1587,7 @@
     "exports": ["./layers/radio"],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
@@ -1925,6 +1937,7 @@
       "src/data/flights.js",
       "src/data/flowMatch.js",
       "src/data/focusDeemphasis.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/geoid.js",
       "src/data/groundFloor.js",
       "src/data/groundSnap.js",
@@ -1954,6 +1967,7 @@
       "src/data/militaryInstallations.js",
       "src/data/militaryRegistry.js",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/naturalEarthRegions.js",
       "src/data/adminBoundaries.js",
@@ -1991,6 +2005,7 @@
       "src/data/trafficPresetStyle.js",
       "src/data/trafficQueue.js",
       "src/data/trailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/vesselLabels.js",
       "src/firstRunExperience.js",
       "src/hud.js",
@@ -2442,6 +2457,7 @@
       "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
       "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
       "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumContactTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/transitProxy.js",
       "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
       "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
@@ -2520,6 +2536,7 @@
       "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
       "src/layers/localAdsb/motion.js",
       "src/layers/localAdsb/models.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/qaDrawn.js",
       "src/layers/localAdsb/enrichment.js",
       "src/sources/adsbRecords.js",
       "src/sdr/controller.js",
@@ -2633,7 +2650,10 @@
       "src/globe/navara/overlayDepth.js",
       "src/globe/navara/movers/moverMesh.js",
       "src/globe/navara/movers/pack.js",
+      "src/globe/navara/movers/frameCamera.js",
+      "src/globe/navara/overlayPass.js",
       "src/globe/navara/movers/modelMover.js",
+      "src/globe/navara/movers/modelTint.js",
       "src/globe/navara/movers/index.js",
       "src/globe/surfaceDetail.js",
       "src/globe/navara/followGestures.js",
@@ -2770,6 +2790,7 @@
       "src/data/firmsLabels.js",
       "src/data/flowMatch.js",
       "src/data/focusDeemphasis.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/geoid.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
       "src/data/infrastructure.js",
@@ -2789,6 +2810,7 @@
       "src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js",
       "src/data/militaryInstallationData.js",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/naturalEarthRegions.js",
       "src/data/adminBoundaries.js",
@@ -2816,6 +2838,7 @@
       "src/data/trafficPresetStyle.js",
       "src/data/trafficQueue.js",
       "src/data/trailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/vesselLabels.js",
       "src/keylessGeocoder.js",
       "src/layers/aircraft/classification.js",
@@ -3113,6 +3136,7 @@
       "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
       "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
       "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumContactTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/transitProxy.js",
       "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
       "src/layers/transit/trails.js",
@@ -3147,6 +3171,7 @@
       "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
       "src/layers/localAdsb/motion.js",
       "src/layers/localAdsb/models.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/qaDrawn.js",
       "src/layers/localAdsb/enrichment.js",
       "src/sources/adsbRecords.js",
       "src/sdr/controller.js",
@@ -3748,6 +3773,7 @@
       "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
       "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
       "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumContactTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/dataCredits.js",
       "src/data/detectionCohort.js",
       "src/data/detectionPolicy.js",
@@ -3755,6 +3781,7 @@
       "src/data/groundFloor.js",
       "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/labelArbiter.js",
       "src/data/meshFloorSampler.js",
@@ -3824,6 +3851,7 @@
     "exports": ["./layers/transit"],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js",
       "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/transitFeeds.js",
       "src/data/transitIcons.js",
@@ -3843,6 +3871,7 @@
       "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
       "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
       "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/render/cesiumContactTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/transitProxy.js",
       "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
       "src/layers/transit/trails.js",

scripts/qa-browserEvidence.mjs

@@ -23,6 +23,70 @@ export function redact(text) {
     .replace(/AIza[\w-]{30,}/g, 'AIza…REDACTED');
 }
 
+/** The standalone Vite preview has no setup API; opt in explicitly. */
+export function isExpectedPreviewSetupError(
+  message,
+  { preview = false, baseUrl } = {},
+) {
+  if (
+    !preview ||
+    message.type() !== 'error' ||
+    !/^Failed to load resource: .*\b404\b/.test(message.text())
+  )
+    return false;
+  try {
+    const url = new URL(message.location()?.url);
+    return (
+      url.origin === new URL(baseUrl).origin &&
+      url.pathname === '/api/setup/status'
+    );
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+// W1 acceptance shares one strict runtime verdict across its main page and
+// every share-link page. Response diagnostics never retain query credentials.
+export function watchW1Page(page, report, { name, preview = false, baseUrl }) {
+  const errors = (report.browserErrors ??= []);
+  report.expectedPreviewErrors ??= [];
+  report.failedResponses ??= [];
+  (report.runtimePages ??= []).push(name);
+  const resourcePath = (value) => {
+    try {
+      const url = new URL(value);
+      return redact(url.origin + url.pathname);
+    } catch {
+      return '(location unavailable)';
+    }
+  };
+  page.on('console', (message) => {
+    if (isExpectedPreviewSetupError(message, { preview, baseUrl })) {
+      report.expectedPreviewErrors.push('/api/setup/status: 404');
+      return;
+    }
+    if (message.type() === 'error')
+      errors.push(
+        `[${name}] ${redact(message.text())} — ${resourcePath(message.location()?.url)}`,
+      );
+  });
+  for (const event of ['pageerror', 'error'])
+    page.on(event, (error) =>
+      errors.push(`[${name}] ${redact(error.message)}`),
+    );
+  page.on('response', (response) => {
+    if (
+      response.status() >= 400 &&
+      report.failedResponses.length < EVIDENCE_LIMIT
+    )
+      report.failedResponses.push({
+        page: name,
+        status: response.status(),
+        resource: resourcePath(response.url()),
+      });
+  });
+}
+
 function push(list, entry) {
   list.push(entry);
   if (list.length > EVIDENCE_LIMIT)

scripts/qa-enrich-ambient.mjs

@@ -28,15 +28,15 @@
  *   E3 requests  : the sweep requested all 12 hexes, each exactly once
  *   E4 diversity : ≥5 distinct glyph data-URIs displayed ambiently after
  *                  enrichment (expected: 8)
- *   E5 glyphs    : every billboard's image === aircraftIcon(classify(typeCode))
+ *   E5 glyphs    : exact classified silhouette at its registered 64/192 px raster
  *   E6 scales    : every billboard's scale === CLASS_SCALE_2D[klass]
  *   E7 bounds    : ≤4 concurrent requests, ≥185 ms between dispatches (≤5/s
  *                  drip), total ≤300 (budget ceiling)
  *   E8 next poll : another poll neither reverts glyphs nor re-requests hexes
  *   E10 exhaust  : the ROLLING ambient budget exhausts — new on-screen planes
- *                  stop being requested once the bucket is empty (shrunk via
- *                  the __GEV_ENRICH_AMBIENT_QA seam; a real 5-min window can't
- *                  be waited out headlessly)
+ *                  stop at the real 300-token initial ceiling; the QA seam
+ *                  shortens only the refill window (a real 5-min window
+ *                  cannot be waited out headlessly)
  *   E11 resume   : after a refill window passes, ambient enrichment RESUMES
  *                  for the still-unrequested planes (the 2026-07-03 field bug:
  *                  the old one-shot session cap never refilled, so hours-long
@@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ const DISPATCH_GAP_MS = 200;   // ENRICH_DISPATCH_GAP_MS (≤5 req/s)
 const GAP_TOLERANCE_MS = 15;   // clock-quantization allowance on the gap check
 const SESSION_CAP = 300;       // ENRICH_AMBIENT_BUDGET_CEIL (rolling-bucket ceiling)
 
-// Rolling-budget QA seam (window.__GEV_ENRICH_AMBIENT_QA in flights.js):
-// shrunk so the exhaust→refill cycle is observable headlessly. windowMs starts
+// Rolling-budget QA seam: exercise the real initial ceiling and shorten
+// only the refill window so the exhaust→refill cycle is observable. windowMs starts
 // effectively-infinite (1 h) so E10 exhausts deterministically (no refill can
 // land mid-phase); E11 then shortens it in-page so refill windows have
-// "passed" and the bucket refills (clamped at ceil). ceil=20 leaves 8 tokens
-// after the 12 baseline planes — E10's batch exhausts those 8 and stalls.
-const BUDGET_QA = { ceil: 20, refillTokens: 6, windowMs: 3600000 };
+// "passed" and the bucket refills (clamped at ceil). The initial production
+// ceiling of 300 is exercised without assuming the override resets state.
+const BUDGET_QA = { ceil: SESSION_CAP, refillTokens: 6, windowMs: 3600000 };
 const RESUME_WINDOW_MS = 1000; // E11 swaps windowMs to this to unlock refills
 
 const CHROME_EXECUTABLE_CANDIDATES = [
@@ -165,6 +165,9 @@ const expected = new Map(Object.entries(TYPES).map(([hex, tc]) => [
   hex, classifyAircraft(tc ? { typeCode: tc } : { category: 0 }),
 ]));
 const AIRLINER_ICON = aircraftIcon(classifyAircraft({ category: 0 })); // pre-enrichment default
+// Adaptive raster resolution preserves the classified silhouette. Compare
+// exact registered assets at either supported resolution, never another class.
+const matchesClassIcon = (image, klass) => image === aircraftIcon(klass) || image === aircraftIcon(klass, 192);
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 async function main() {
@@ -190,7 +193,7 @@ async function main() {
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
       '--use-gl=angle',
-      '--use-angle=swiftshader',
+      `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`,
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
       '--disable-web-security',
       '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
@@ -213,6 +216,7 @@ async function main() {
 
     // ---- Fetch shim: synthetic fleet + instrumented, holdable adsbdb -------
     await page.evaluateOnNewDocument((spec) => {
+      localStorage.setItem('gev:first-run-mission:v1', 'suppressed');
       window.__ENR = spec;
       window.__ENR.epochMs = Date.now();
       // Rolling-budget QA seam — must exist BEFORE flights.js initializes so
@@ -297,6 +301,9 @@ async function main() {
       () => window.__godsEyeView && window.__godsEyeView.engine && window.__godsEyeView.dataManager && window.__godsEyeView.layers,
       { timeout: 60000, polling: 200 }
     );
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise);
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'), { timeout: 180000 });
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.orbitController.stop());
     console.log('  App globals ready.');
 
     // ---- In-page billboard probe (same walk as qa-sprites-b5.mjs) ----------
@@ -347,6 +354,7 @@ async function main() {
       const dm = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager;
       const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer ?? null;
       window.__ENR.timeOffsetSec = -32;
+      dm.setLayerParams('flights', { models3d: false }); // ambient budget excludes model-priority enrichment
       await dm.setEnabled('flights', true);
       const fl = dm.layers.get('flights').module;
       for (const off of [-24, -16, -8, 0]) {
@@ -355,11 +363,11 @@ async function main() {
       }
       window.__ENR.timeOffsetSec = 0;
       window.__ENR_DRIVER = setInterval(() => { fl.update(v); }, 15000);
-      return { count: fl.getStats().count, starts: window.__ENRICH_LOG.starts.length };
+      return { count: fl.getStats().count, starts: window.__ENRICH_LOG.starts.length, models3d: fl.getParams().models3d };
     });
     console.log(`  flights count=${primed.count} | adsbdb requests started (held): ${primed.starts}`);
     record('E1 ingest: all synthetic category-0 planes in the flights layer',
-      primed.count === SPEC.planes.length, `count=${primed.count}/${SPEC.planes.length}`);
+      primed.count === SPEC.planes.length && primed.models3d === false, `count=${primed.count}/${SPEC.planes.length}, ambient-only models3d=${primed.models3d}`);
     if (primed.count === 0) { finish(); return; }
 
     // ========================================================================
@@ -425,12 +433,11 @@ async function main() {
     const scaleBad = [];
     for (const [hex, klass] of expected) {
       const bb = afterById.get(hex);
-      const wantImg = aircraftIcon(klass);
       const wantScale = CLASS_SCALE_2D[klass] || 1;
-      if (!bb || bb.image !== wantImg) glyphBad.push(`${hex}(${klass})${bb ? ':wrong-image' : ':missing'}`);
+      if (!bb || !matchesClassIcon(bb.image, klass)) glyphBad.push(`${hex}(${klass})${bb ? ':wrong-image' : ':missing'}`);
       if (bb && Math.abs(bb.scale - wantScale) > 1e-9) scaleBad.push(`${hex}: ${bb.scale} != ${wantScale}`);
     }
-    record('E5 glyphs: every billboard matches aircraftIcon(classify(typeCode))',
+    record('E5 glyphs: every billboard matches its classified 64/192 px asset',
       glyphBad.length === 0, glyphBad.length ? glyphBad.join(' ') : `${expected.size} matched (incl. the found:false miss staying airliner)`);
     record('E6 scales: every billboard has its per-class CLASS_SCALE_2D',
       scaleBad.length === 0, scaleBad.length ? scaleBad.join(' ') : 'all scales exact (composes with scaleByDistance)');
@@ -479,7 +486,7 @@ async function main() {
     const pollBad = [];
     for (const [hex, klass] of expected) {
       const bb = afterPollById.get(hex);
-      if (!bb || bb.image !== aircraftIcon(klass)) pollBad.push(`${hex}(${klass})${bb ? ':reverted' : ':missing'}`);
+      if (!bb || !matchesClassIcon(bb.image, klass)) pollBad.push(`${hex}(${klass})${bb ? ':reverted' : ':missing'}`);
       else if (Math.abs(bb.scale - (CLASS_SCALE_2D[klass] || 1)) > 1e-9) pollBad.push(`${hex}:scale-reverted`);
     }
     const noReRequests = afterPoll.starts === Object.keys(TYPES).length;
@@ -491,16 +498,15 @@ async function main() {
     // E10 — rolling-budget exhaustion (2026-07-03 field bug, red/green): the
     // old ONE-SHOT session cap burned out and never refilled, so every new
     // region after the first polls showed airliner monoculture. With the seam
-    // ceil=20 and 12 tokens spent above, only 8 remain — a batch of 26 fresh
-    // on-screen planes must stall at exactly 8 new requests, and further polls
+    // initial ceiling=300 and 12 tokens spent above, 288 remain. More than
+    // 300 total candidates must stall at exactly 300 requests; further polls
     // must enqueue NOTHING while the bucket is empty (windowMs is 1 h here, so
-    // no refill can land mid-phase). Pre-fix code fails this phase: there is
-    // no rolling bucket to exhaust (the seam is unread and the 300 cap simply
-    // admits the whole batch).
+    // no refill can land mid-phase). E10 verifies the initial limit; E11
+    // distinguishes a rolling refill from the old one-shot session cap.
     // ========================================================================
-    console.log('\nE10 — rolling budget exhausts (batch of 26 new planes, 8 tokens left)');
-    const BATCH_COUNT = 26;
-    const batchHexes = Array.from({ length: BATCH_COUNT }, (_, i) => `ab00${(i + 1).toString(16).padStart(2, '0')}`);
+    console.log('\nE10 — rolling budget exhausts (real 300-request initial bucket)');
+    const BATCH_COUNT = BUDGET_QA.ceil + 26;
+    const batchHexes = Array.from({ length: BATCH_COUNT }, (_, i) => (0xab0000 + i + 1).toString(16).padStart(6, '0'));
     const startsBeforeBatch = await page.evaluate(() => window.__ENRICH_LOG.starts.length);
     await page.evaluate(async ({ hexes, rowLat, rowLon0, stepDeg }) => {
       const dm = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager;
@@ -517,17 +523,28 @@ async function main() {
           lat0: rowLat + (i < 13 ? 0.02 : 0.04),
           courseDeg: 0,
           speedMps: 0,
-          altM: 2600 + i * 15,
+          altM: 2600 + (i % 26) * 15,
         });
       });
+      const geo = await import('/src/geo/index.js');
+      const engine = window.__godsEyeView.engine;
+      engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(rowLon0 + 5.5 * stepDeg, rowLat, 20000),
+        orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -Math.PI / 2, roll: 0 },
+      });
+      for (let frame = 0; frame < 30; frame++) {
+        engine.render.request('qa-enrich-budget');
+        await new Promise((resolve) => requestAnimationFrame(resolve));
+      }
       const fl = dm.layers.get('flights').module;
-      await fl.update(v); // sweep enqueues the last 8 tokens
-      await fl.update(v); // bucket empty — must enqueue nothing more
+      await fl.update(v); // sweep enqueues up to 150 ambient jobs
+      await fl.update(v); // spend the remaining initial tokens; later polls must stall
     }, { hexes: batchHexes, rowLat: ROW_LAT, rowLon0: ROW_LON0, stepDeg: ROW_STEP_DEG });
     // Wait for the drip to drain whatever was enqueued, then settle.
     await page.waitForFunction(
       (min) => window.__ENRICH_LOG.starts.length >= min && window.__ENRICH_LOG.inflight === 0,
-      { timeout: 20000, polling: 100 }, startsBeforeBatch + (BUDGET_QA.ceil - startsBeforeBatch)
+      { timeout: 90000, polling: 100 }, BUDGET_QA.ceil
     ).catch(() => { /* asserted below */ });
     await sleep(1500); // any illegal post-exhaustion enqueue would dispatch within ~200 ms
     // One more poll while exhausted — still nothing new.
@@ -539,11 +556,14 @@ async function main() {
     const exhausted = await page.evaluate(() => ({
       starts: window.__ENRICH_LOG.starts.length,
       inflight: window.__ENRICH_LOG.inflight,
+      sourceCount: window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module.getStats().count,
+      fixtureCount: window.__ENR.planes.length,
+      cameraHeightM: window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.pose().cartographic.height,
     }));
     record(`E10 exhaust: requests stall at the budget ceiling (${BUDGET_QA.ceil}) with unrequested planes on-screen`,
-      exhausted.starts === BUDGET_QA.ceil && exhausted.inflight === 0,
+      exhausted.starts === BUDGET_QA.ceil && exhausted.inflight === 0 && exhausted.sourceCount === startsBeforeBatch + BATCH_COUNT,
       `starts=${exhausted.starts} (want ${BUDGET_QA.ceil}: ${startsBeforeBatch} baseline + ${BUDGET_QA.ceil - startsBeforeBatch} tokens; `
-      + `${BATCH_COUNT - (BUDGET_QA.ceil - startsBeforeBatch)} planes left waiting) inflight=${exhausted.inflight}`);
+      + `${BATCH_COUNT - (BUDGET_QA.ceil - startsBeforeBatch)} planes left waiting) inflight=${exhausted.inflight}, source=${exhausted.sourceCount}/${exhausted.fixtureCount}, camera=${exhausted.cameraHeightM.toFixed(1)}m`);
 
     // ========================================================================
     // E11 — refill window passes → enrichment RESUMES. Shorten windowMs so the

scripts/qa-floor-hold.mjs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ const SITE = {
   lon: Number.isFinite(Number(argv.lon)) ? Number(argv.lon) : -97.6660,
 };
 const ICAO = 'aa0f01';
-const OUT_DIR = 'qa-shots/floorhold';
+const OUT_DIR = new URL(APP_URL).searchParams.get('engine') === 'navara' ? 'qa-shots/floorhold/navara' : 'qa-shots/floorhold';
 const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms));
 
 const results = [];
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ await page.evaluateOnNewDocument((site, icao) => {
 
 console.log(`\nFloor hold through a terrain outage\n  App  : ${APP_URL}\n  GPU  : ANGLE/${ANGLE}\n  Site : ${SITE.lat}, ${SITE.lon}\n`);
 await page.goto(APP_URL, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 120000 });
-await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.viewer && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
+await page.waitForFunction(() => window.__godsEyeView?.layers && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager,
   { timeout: 150000 });
 await sleep(12000); // let the boot fly-to settle before pinning
 await page.evaluate(() => {
@@ -116,8 +116,19 @@ await page.evaluate(() => {
 await sleep(600); // let the launcher dismissal finish before taking evidence
 
 await page.evaluate((site) => { window.__SITE = site; }, SITE);
-const pin = () => page.evaluate(() => {
-  const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+const pin = () => page.evaluate(async () => {
+  const app = window.__godsEyeView;
+  if (!app.viewer) {
+    const geo = await import('/src/geo/index.js');
+    app.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+    app.engine.camera.setView({
+      destination: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(window.__SITE.lon, window.__SITE.lat - 0.008, 900),
+      orientation: { heading: 0, pitch: -0.45, roll: 0 },
+    });
+    app.engine.camera.moveEnd.raiseEvent();
+    return;
+  }
+  const v = app.viewer;
   const C = v.camera.positionCartographic.constructor;
   v.camera.cancelFlight();
   v.camera.setView({
@@ -142,7 +153,24 @@ record('the billboard floor test is explicitly in 2D aircraft mode', billboardMo
 
 /** Reads the contact's rendered height and the rendered mesh beneath it. */
 const measure = () => page.evaluate(async (icao) => {
-  const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+  const app = window.__godsEyeView;
+  if (!app.viewer) {
+    const geo = await import('/src/geo/index.js');
+    const bb = app.layers.drawn('flights').find((row) => row.id === icao && !row.trackedModel);
+    if (!bb?.position) return { error: 'contact billboard not found' };
+    const carto = geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(bb.position);
+    let mesh = null;
+    for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 10 && mesh == null; attempt++) {
+      app.engine.render.request('floor-hold');
+      await new Promise((resolve) => requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(resolve)));
+      const height = app.engine.surface.sampleHeight(carto);
+      if (Number.isFinite(height)) mesh = height;
+      else await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1200));
+    }
+    return { spriteH: carto.height, meshH: mesh, shown: bb.show === true,
+      lat: +(carto.latitude * 180 / Math.PI).toFixed(5), lon: +(carto.longitude * 180 / Math.PI).toFixed(5), terrain: { ...window.__TERRAIN } };
+  }
+  const v = app.viewer;
   const C = v.camera.positionCartographic.constructor;
   const sprites = []; const models = []; let bb = null;
   const walk = (coll) => {
@@ -201,7 +229,9 @@ async function demTruth(lat, lon) {
   if (truth.has(key)) return truth.get(key);
   let h = null;
   try {
-    const res = await fetch(`${APP_URL}/api/terrain/heights?points=${lon.toFixed(5)},${lat.toFixed(5)}`);
+    const url = new URL('/api/terrain/heights', APP_URL);
+    url.searchParams.set('points', `${lon.toFixed(5)},${lat.toFixed(5)}`);
+    const res = await fetch(url);
     if (res.ok) {
       const v = Number((await res.json())?.results?.[0]?.ellipsoid);
       if (Number.isFinite(v)) h = v;

scripts/qa-floor-verify.mjs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const chrome = [
 
 const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
   headless: 'new', executablePath: chrome,
-  args: ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader', '--enable-webgl', '--ignore-gpu-blocklist', '--no-sandbox'],
+  args: ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`, '--enable-webgl', '--ignore-gpu-blocklist', '--no-sandbox'],
 });
 const page = await browser.newPage();
 await page.setViewport({ width: 1400, height: 900 });

scripts/qa-focus-evidence.mjs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
  * --headful drops those flags and is the real-GPU visual sign-off path.
  */
 
+import { redact } from './qa-browserEvidence.mjs';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import os from 'node:os';
 import path from 'node:path';
@@ -29,7 +30,13 @@ const getOpt = (name, fallback = null) => {
 };
 const hasFlag = (name) => argv.includes(name);
 
-const APP_URL = getOpt('--url', 'http://localhost:4173');
+const appUrl = new URL(getOpt('--url', 'http://localhost:4173'));
+const requestedEngine = argv.find((value) => value.startsWith('--engine='))?.slice(9) || getOpt('--engine');
+if (requestedEngine) {
+  if (!['cesium', 'navara'].includes(requestedEngine)) throw new Error('Unknown engine');
+  appUrl.searchParams.set('engine', requestedEngine);
+}
+const APP_URL = appUrl.href;
 const JSON_PATH = path.resolve(getOpt('--json', 'qa-shots/focus-evidence/report.json'));
 const SCREENSHOTS_DIR = path.resolve(getOpt('--screenshots-dir', 'qa-shots/focus-evidence'));
 const HEADFUL = hasFlag('--headful');
@@ -125,6 +132,10 @@ async function readTileReadiness(page) {
     const activeStack = controller?.getActiveId?.() || null;
     const tileset = controller?.googleTileset || gev.tileset || null;
     const applicable = activeStack === 'photoreal' && tileset?.show !== false;
+    if (!gev.viewer) return {
+      tilesSettled: null, tileSettleApplicable: false, activeStack,
+      reason: 'Navara exposes view idle, not tile readiness independently of animated layers',
+    };
     return {
       tilesSettled: !applicable || tileset?.tilesLoaded === true,
       tileSettleApplicable: applicable,
@@ -142,6 +153,10 @@ async function awaitTilesSettled(page, scenario) {
     // the bootstrap field is retained only as a compatibility fallback.
     const tileset = controller?.googleTileset || gev.tileset || null;
     const applicable = activeStack === 'photoreal' && tileset?.show !== false;
+    if (!gev.viewer) return {
+      tilesSettled: null, tileSettleApplicable: false, activeStack,
+      reason: 'Navara exposes view idle, not tile readiness independently of animated layers',
+    };
     if (!applicable) {
       return {
         tilesSettled: true,
@@ -166,7 +181,8 @@ async function awaitTilesSettled(page, scenario) {
     const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs;
     try {
       while (Date.now() < deadline) {
-        gev.viewer.scene.render(gev.viewer.clock.currentTime);
+        if (gev.viewer) gev.viewer.scene.render(gev.viewer.clock.currentTime);
+        else gev.engine.render.request('focus-evidence');
         if (tileset.tilesLoaded === true || allTilesLoadedObserved) {
           return {
             tilesSettled: true,
@@ -203,7 +219,7 @@ async function capture(page, scenario, frame) {
   // WebGL surface is paused. Reading the explicitly rendered canvas captures
   // that same frame without handing frame ownership back to the browser.
   const dataUrl = await page.evaluate(() => (
-    window.__godsEyeView.viewer.scene.canvas.toDataURL('image/png')
+    window.__godsEyeView.engine.host.canvas.toDataURL('image/png')
   ));
   fs.writeFileSync(out, Buffer.from(dataUrl.slice(dataUrl.indexOf(',') + 1), 'base64'));
   return { file: out, ...tileReadiness };
@@ -232,6 +248,14 @@ async function advanceEvidenceFrame(page, deltaMs = FRAME_MS) {
     const viewer = gev.viewer;
     const seam = gev.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module.__focusEvidence;
     const nowMs = seam.advanceFrameClock(stepMs);
+    if (!viewer) return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      const timer = setTimeout(() => { remove(); reject(new Error('Evidence frame timeout')); }, 5000);
+      const remove = gev.engine.frames.postRender.addEventListener(() => {
+        remove(); clearTimeout(timer);
+        setTimeout(() => resolve(nowMs), 0);
+      });
+      gev.engine.render.request('focus-evidence');
+    });
     const JulianDate = viewer.clock.currentTime.constructor;
     JulianDate.addSeconds(viewer.clock.currentTime, stepMs / 1000, viewer.clock.currentTime);
     viewer.dataSourceDisplay?.update(viewer.clock.currentTime);
@@ -266,6 +290,7 @@ async function installSyntheticFetches(page) {
       status: 200,
       headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
     }));
+    localStorage.setItem('gev:first-run-mission:v1', 'suppressed');
     window.fetch = (input, init) => {
       const url = typeof input === 'string' ? input : input?.url || '';
       if (url.includes('/api/flights/track')) return json({ path: [] });
@@ -281,9 +306,10 @@ async function installSyntheticFetches(page) {
 async function waitForApp(page) {
   await page.goto(APP_URL, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60_000 });
   await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView?.viewer && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager),
+    () => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView?.layers && window.__godsEyeView?.dataManager),
     { timeout: 60_000, polling: 200 },
   );
+  await page.evaluate(async () => { window.__focusGeo = await import('/src/geo/index.js'); });
 }
 
 async function setBasemap(page, stackId) {
@@ -317,7 +343,18 @@ async function requireEvidenceSeams(page) {
 
 async function setCamera(page, values) {
   await page.evaluate(([lon, lat, height, heading, pitch]) => {
-    const viewer = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+    const app = window.__godsEyeView;
+    if (!app.viewer) {
+      const geo = window.__focusGeo;
+      app.engine.camera.following()?.stop();
+      app.engine.camera.cancelFlight();
+      app.engine.camera.setView({
+        destination: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat, height),
+        orientation: { heading, pitch, roll: 0 },
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+    const viewer = app.viewer;
     const ellipsoid = viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
     viewer.trackedEntity = undefined;
     viewer.camera.cancelFlight?.();
@@ -345,7 +382,7 @@ async function injectAndTrackTarget(page, extraAircraft = [], target = TARGET) {
     throw new Error(`Synthetic target setup failed: ${JSON.stringify(result)}`);
   }
   await page.waitForFunction(
-    () => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView.viewer.trackedEntity),
+    () => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.following()),
     { timeout: 10_000 },
   );
   await advanceEvidenceDuration(page, 400);
@@ -356,7 +393,8 @@ async function readTrackedBasis(page) {
     const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
     const layer = gev.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module;
     const target = layer.getAllPositions(100).find((entry) => entry.id === targetId)?.position;
-    const camera = gev.viewer.camera;
+    const pose = gev.engine.camera.pose();
+    const camera = gev.viewer?.camera ?? { positionWC: pose.position, rightWC: pose.right, upWC: pose.up, frustum: { fovy: pose.fovy } };
     if (!target) throw new Error('Tracked target position unavailable');
     const toTarget = {
       x: target.x - camera.positionWC.x,
@@ -364,7 +402,7 @@ async function readTrackedBasis(page) {
       z: target.z - camera.positionWC.z,
     };
     const distance = Math.hypot(toTarget.x, toTarget.y, toTarget.z);
-    const canvasHeight = gev.viewer.scene.canvas.clientHeight;
+    const canvasHeight = gev.engine.host.size().height;
     const metresPerPixel = (2 * distance * Math.tan(camera.frustum.fovy / 2)) / canvasHeight;
     return {
       target: [target.x, target.y, target.z],
@@ -427,8 +465,8 @@ async function vesselRowsAroundTarget(page) {
     const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
     const layer = gev.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module;
     const target = layer.getAllPositions(100).find((entry) => entry.id === 'f0c001')?.position;
-    const Cartographic = gev.viewer.camera.positionCartographic.constructor;
-    const ellipsoid = gev.viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid;
+    const Cartographic = { fromCartesian: window.__focusGeo.cartographic.fromCartesian };
+    const ellipsoid = window.__focusGeo.ellipsoid.WGS84;
     const rows = [];
     for (let i = 0; i < 12; i += 1) {
       const angle = (i / 12) * Math.PI * 2;
@@ -624,7 +662,9 @@ async function browserContext(page, browser) {
     },
     caveat: HEADFUL
       ? 'Headful capture omits SwiftShader flags and is the real-GPU visual sign-off path.'
-      : 'SwiftShader/headless output is relative-only; rerun with --headful for real-GPU sign-off.',
+      : process.env.QA_ANGLE === 'metal'
+        ? 'Headless ANGLE/Metal capture; renderer and DPR recorded above.'
+        : 'SwiftShader/headless output is relative-only.',
   };
 }
 
@@ -641,7 +681,7 @@ async function main() {
     headless: HEADFUL ? false : 'new',
     protocolTimeout: 300000,
     args: [
-      ...(HEADFUL ? [] : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--use-gl=swiftshader']),
+      ...(HEADFUL ? [] : process.env.QA_ANGLE ? ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE}`] : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--use-gl=swiftshader']),
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
@@ -655,10 +695,10 @@ async function main() {
   const consoleMessages = [];
   page.on('console', (message) => {
     if (['error', 'warning', 'warn'].includes(message.type())) {
-      consoleMessages.push({ type: message.type(), text: message.text() });
+      consoleMessages.push({ type: message.type(), text: redact(message.text()) });
     }
   });
-  page.on('pageerror', (error) => consoleMessages.push({ type: 'pageerror', text: error.message }));
+  page.on('pageerror', (error) => consoleMessages.push({ type: 'pageerror', text: redact(error.message) }));
 
   const report = {
     generatedAt: new Date().toISOString(),

scripts/qa-heading-b3.mjs

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
+import { installNavaraHeadingProbe } from './qa-heading-navara.mjs';
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Args (same shape as track-regression.mjs)
@@ -110,7 +111,13 @@ const getOpt = (name, dflt) => {
   return i >= 0 && argv[i + 1] ? argv[i + 1] : dflt;
 };
 
-const APP_URL = getOpt('--url', 'http://localhost:4173');
+const appUrl = new URL(getOpt('--url', 'http://localhost:4173'));
+const requestedEngine = argv.find((value) => value.startsWith('--engine='))?.slice(9) || getOpt('--engine');
+if (requestedEngine) {
+  if (!['cesium', 'navara'].includes(requestedEngine)) throw new Error('Unknown engine');
+  appUrl.searchParams.set('engine', requestedEngine);
+}
+const APP_URL = appUrl.href;
 const HEADFUL = getFlag('--headful');
 const SHOT_DIR = path.resolve('qa-shots/b3');
 const SHOT_DIR_V2 = path.resolve('qa-shots/heading-v2');
@@ -148,7 +155,7 @@ function record(name, ok, detail) {
 
 async function observeTrackedHostPaint(page, timeoutMs = 5000) {
   return page.evaluate((boundedTimeoutMs) => new Promise((resolve) => {
-    const viewer = window.__godsEyeView?.viewer;
+    const viewer = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView?.viewer);
     const scene = viewer?.scene;
     const history = [];
     const startedAt = performance.now();
@@ -453,7 +460,7 @@ async function main() {
     args: [
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-      ...(HEADFUL ? [] : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+      ...(HEADFUL ? [] : ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`]),
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
       '--disable-web-security',
       '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
@@ -480,6 +487,7 @@ async function main() {
 
     // ---- Turning-plane fetch shim (installed before any app code runs) ------
     await page.evaluateOnNewDocument((turn) => {
+      localStorage.setItem('gev:first-run-mission:v1', 'suppressed');
       window.__TURN = turn;
       window.__TURN.epochMs = Date.now(); // arc phase zero = shim install time
       window.__TURN_HITS = { opensky: 0, mil: 0 };
@@ -574,9 +582,12 @@ async function main() {
     console.log('Loading app...');
     await page.goto(APP_URL, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
     await page.waitForFunction(
-      () => window.__godsEyeView && window.__godsEyeView.viewer && window.__godsEyeView.dataManager,
+      () => window.__godsEyeView?.layers && window.__godsEyeView.dataManager,
       { timeout: 60000, polling: 200 }
     );
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise);
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'), { timeout: 180000 });
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.orbitController.stop());
     console.log('  App globals ready.');
 
     // ---- Model finder + course derivation, installed once ------------------
@@ -589,7 +600,7 @@ async function main() {
       // ~90° course spike into the sampled series — a measurement flake, not
       // a product regression.)
       window.__findTrackedModel = function (icao) {
-        const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+        const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
         const out = [];
         const walk = (coll) => {
           const n = coll.length;
@@ -625,7 +636,7 @@ async function main() {
       // Invert _modelMatrix (pitch=roll=0): local x in ENU = (cos h, −sin h, 0)
       // → h = atan2(−x·north, x·east); world course = h − headingOffsetDeg.
       window.__courseFromModelMatrix = function (mm, headingOffsetDeg) {
-        const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+        const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
         const C3 = v.camera.position.constructor;
         const Carto = v.camera.positionCartographic.constructor;
         const carto = Carto.fromCartesian(new C3(mm[12], mm[13], mm[14]));
@@ -646,7 +657,7 @@ async function main() {
       // preUpdate/preRender listeners and reads the rendered model matrix, but
       // does not depend on ambient render-loop scheduling for sample count.
       window.__sampleModelCourse = async function (icao, headingOffsetDeg, windowMs, stepMs = 100) {
-        const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+        const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
         const tileset = window.__godsEyeView.tileset;
         const out = [];
         const start = performance.now();
@@ -685,13 +696,15 @@ async function main() {
       };
     });
 
+    await installNavaraHeadingProbe(page);
+
     // ---- Enable layers with fixes back-dated 32 s, then prime forward ------
     // First update() fires inside setEnabled, so the FIRST fix must already be
     // the oldest (history appends only monotonically-newer fix times).
     console.log('Priming turning history through the render delay (30 s / 15 s)...');
     const primed = await page.evaluate(async () => {
       const dm = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager;
-      const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+      const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
       window.__TURN.timeOffsetSec = -32;
       await dm.setEnabled('flights', true);
       await dm.setEnabled('military', true);
@@ -726,7 +739,10 @@ async function main() {
 
     const flModelUp = await page.waitForFunction((icao) => {
       const m = window.__findTrackedModel(icao);
-      return !!(m && m.ready && m.show);
+      const app = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const selected = app.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module.getTrackedInfo();
+      const following = app.engine.kind === 'navara' ? app.engine.camera.following() : app.viewer.trackedEntity;
+      return !!(m && m.ready && m.show && selected?.icao24 === icao && following);
     }, { timeout: 40000, polling: 250 }, TURN.flights[0].icao).then(() => true).catch(() => false);
     record('flights: tracked 3D model rendered (ready+shown)', flModelUp, flModelUp ? 'model up' : 'model never became ready');
     if (!flModelUp) { finish(); return; }
@@ -783,14 +799,14 @@ async function main() {
     await sleep(800);
     const shots = [
       ['flights-far-orbitA.png', async () => { /* default follow framing */ }],
-      ['flights-far-orbitB.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.rotateRight(1.9); })],
+      ['flights-far-orbitB.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).camera.rotateRight(1.9); })],
       ['flights-near-orbitA.png', () => page.evaluate(() => {
-        const cam = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera;
+        const cam = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).camera;
         // Synthetic cruise frame settles ~5.6 km out; leave ~430 m so model,
         // readout anchor, tracking line, and trail can be judged close-up.
         cam.rotateRight(-1.9); cam.zoomIn(5200);
       })],
-      ['flights-near-orbitB.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.rotateLeft(1.2); })],
+      ['flights-near-orbitB.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).camera.rotateLeft(1.2); })],
     ];
     for (const [name, move] of shots) {
       try { await move(); } catch (e) { console.log(`    (camera move for ${name} failed: ${e.message})`); }
@@ -812,7 +828,10 @@ async function main() {
 
     const milModelUp = await page.waitForFunction((hex) => {
       const m = window.__findTrackedModel(hex);
-      return !!(m && m.ready && m.show);
+      const app = window.__godsEyeView;
+      const selected = app.dataManager.layers.get('military').module.getTrackedInfo();
+      const following = app.engine.kind === 'navara' ? app.engine.camera.following() : app.viewer.trackedEntity;
+      return !!(m && m.ready && m.show && selected?.icao24 === hex && following);
     }, { timeout: 40000, polling: 250 }, TURN.military[0].hex).then(() => true).catch(() => false);
     record('military: tracked 3D model rendered (ready+shown)', milModelUp, milModelUp ? 'model up' : 'model never became ready');
     if (milModelUp) {
@@ -841,14 +860,14 @@ async function main() {
       await sleep(800);
       for (const [name, move] of [
         ['military-orbitA.png', async () => { }],
-        ['military-orbitB.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.rotateRight(1.6); })],
+        ['military-orbitB.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).camera.rotateRight(1.6); })],
         ['military-near-orbitA.png', () => page.evaluate(() => {
-          const cam = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera;
+          const cam = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).camera;
           // 12,000 ft synthetic frame settles ~6.3 km out; leave ~630 m.
           cam.rotateLeft(1.6); cam.zoomIn(5700);
         })],
         ['military-near-orbitB.png', () => page.evaluate(() => {
-          window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.rotateRight(1.2);
+          (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).camera.rotateRight(1.2);
         })],
       ]) {
         try { await move(); } catch (e) { console.log(`    (camera move for ${name} failed: ${e.message})`); }
@@ -877,7 +896,10 @@ async function main() {
       }, icao);
       const up = await page.waitForFunction((id) => {
         const m = window.__findTrackedModel(id);
-        return !!(m && m.ready && m.show);
+        const app = window.__godsEyeView;
+        const selected = app.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module.getTrackedInfo();
+        const following = app.engine.kind === 'navara' ? app.engine.camera.following() : app.viewer.trackedEntity;
+        return !!(m && m.ready && m.show && selected?.icao24 === id && following);
       }, { timeout: 40000, polling: 250 }, icao).then(() => true).catch(() => false);
       record(`${label}: tracked 3D model rendered (ready+shown)`, up, up ? 'model up' : 'model never became ready');
       return up;
@@ -914,7 +936,7 @@ async function main() {
       });
       for (const [name, move] of [
         ['slowturn-far.png', async () => { /* default follow framing */ }],
-        ['slowturn-near.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.zoomIn(2500); })],
+        ['slowturn-near.png', () => page.evaluate(() => { (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).camera.zoomIn(2500); })],
       ]) {
         try { await move(); } catch (e) { console.log(`    (camera move for ${name} failed: ${e.message})`); }
         await sleep(1200);
@@ -930,8 +952,9 @@ async function main() {
     // ========================================================================
     console.log('\nPhase 5 — 65 kt helicopter: tracked↔fleet course handoff (click / click-away)');
     await page.evaluate(() => {
+      if (window.__headingView) { window.__findModelByIcao = window.__findTrackedModel; return; }
       window.__findModelByIcao = function (icao) {
-        const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+        const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
         const out = [];
         const walk = (coll) => {
           const n = coll.length;
@@ -957,7 +980,7 @@ async function main() {
       window.__TURN.heli65.active = true;
       const fl = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module;
       fl.setParams({ models3d: false });
-      await fl.update(window.__godsEyeView.viewer); // ingest the first heli fix
+      await fl.update((window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer)); // ingest the first heli fix
     });
     await sleep(4000); // several fleet ticks establish the heli's fleet course
     await page.evaluate((icao) => {
@@ -966,7 +989,7 @@ async function main() {
     const heliTracked = await page.waitForFunction((icao) => {
       const fl = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module;
       const ti = fl.getTrackedInfo();
-      return !!(ti && ti.icao24 === icao && window.__godsEyeView.viewer.trackedEntity);
+      return !!(ti && ti.icao24 === icao && (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer).trackedEntity);
     }, { timeout: 15000, polling: 250 }, TURN.heli65.icao).then(() => true).catch(() => false);
     record('heli65: tracking engaged (2D billboard mode)', heliTracked,
       heliTracked ? 'tracked' : 'tracking never engaged');
@@ -983,9 +1006,10 @@ async function main() {
       // rotation after. The release-in-place keeps the camera static, so
       // rotation deltas across the boundary are course deltas.
       const c1 = await page.evaluate(async ({ icao, actionAtMs, windowMs }) => {
-        const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+        const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
         const fl = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module;
         const findFleetBillboard = (id) => {
+          if (window.__headingView) return window.__godsEyeView.layers.drawn('flights').find((row) => row.id === id && row.show);
           const out = [];
           const walk = (coll) => {
             const n = coll.length;
@@ -1037,7 +1061,16 @@ async function main() {
         window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module.setParams({ models3d: true });
       });
       const fleetModelUp = await page.evaluate(async (icao) => {
-        const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+        if (window.__headingView) {
+          const deadline = performance.now() + 40000;
+          while (performance.now() < deadline) {
+            if (window.__findModelByIcao(icao)) return true;
+            window.__godsEyeView.engine.render.request('heading-probe');
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100));
+          }
+          return false;
+        }
+        const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
         const tileset = window.__godsEyeView.tileset;
         const priorDefaultLoop = v.useDefaultRenderLoop;
         const priorTilesetShow = tileset?.show;
@@ -1061,7 +1094,7 @@ async function main() {
         record('heli65 C2 (click): fleet model rendered before re-track', false, 'fleet model never became ready');
       } else {
         const c2 = await page.evaluate(async ({ icao, offsetDeg, actionAtMs, windowMs }) => {
-          const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
+          const v = (window.__headingView ?? window.__godsEyeView.viewer);
           const fl = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module;
           const out = [];
           const start = performance.now();

scripts/qa-heading-navara.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+// Navara ports for the existing heading scenarios. No app viewer is installed.
+// Samples come from the renderer handles through the read-only layer probe.
+export async function installNavaraHeadingProbe(page) {
+  await page.evaluate(async () => {
+    const app = window.__godsEyeView;
+    if (app.engine.kind !== 'navara') return;
+    const geo = await import('/src/geo/index.js');
+    const engine = app.engine;
+    const drawn = (id) =>
+      ['flights', 'military']
+        .flatMap((layer) => app.layers.drawn(layer) ?? [])
+        .filter((row) => row.id === id);
+    window.__findTrackedModel = (id) => {
+      const rows = drawn(id);
+      const row =
+        rows.find((r) => r.trackedModel && r.model?.ready && r.model.show) ??
+        rows.find((r) => r.model?.ready && r.model.show);
+      return row
+        ? {
+            id,
+            ready: row.model.ready,
+            show: row.model.show,
+            modelMatrix: row.model.matrix,
+          }
+        : null;
+    };
+    window.__courseFromModelMatrix = (mm, offset) => {
+      if (!mm) return null;
+      const c = geo.cartographic.fromCartesian({
+        x: mm[12],
+        y: mm[13],
+        z: mm[14],
+      });
+      const ex = -Math.sin(c.longitude),
+        ey = Math.cos(c.longitude);
+      const nx = -Math.sin(c.latitude) * Math.cos(c.longitude);
+      const ny = -Math.sin(c.latitude) * Math.sin(c.longitude),
+        nz = Math.cos(c.latitude);
+      const h =
+        (Math.atan2(
+          -(mm[0] * nx + mm[1] * ny + mm[2] * nz),
+          mm[0] * ex + mm[1] * ey,
+        ) *
+          180) /
+        Math.PI;
+      return (((h - offset) % 360) + 360) % 360;
+    };
+    const turn = (angle = 0, nearer = 0) => {
+      const handle = engine.camera.following();
+      const target = handle?.target();
+      if (!target)
+        throw new Error('Heading screenshot needs a followed target');
+      const frame = geo.transforms.eastNorthUpToFixedFrame(target);
+      const inverse = geo.matrix4.inverseTransformation(
+        frame,
+        geo.matrix4.create(),
+      );
+      const p = geo.matrix4.multiplyByPoint(
+        inverse,
+        engine.camera.pose().position,
+        geo.cartesian3.create(),
+      );
+      const x = p.x * Math.cos(angle) - p.y * Math.sin(angle);
+      const y = p.x * Math.sin(angle) + p.y * Math.cos(angle);
+      const range = Math.hypot(x, y, p.z);
+      const scale = Math.max(150, range - nearer) / range;
+      handle.retarget({
+        viewFrom: { x: x * scale, y: y * scale, z: p.z * scale },
+      });
+    };
+    window.__headingView = {
+      clock: { currentTime: undefined },
+      get trackedEntity() {
+        const handle = engine.camera.following();
+        if (!handle) return null;
+        const label = handle.label;
+        const id = label?.id?.split(':').at(-1);
+        return {
+          gevTrackedId: label?.id,
+          gevLabelModel:
+            typeof label?.model === 'function' ? label.model() : label?.model,
+          gevDisplayPosition: handle.target,
+          billboard: {
+            rotation: {
+              getValue: () => drawn(id).find((r) => r.tracked)?.trackedRotation,
+            },
+          },
+        };
+      },
+      camera: {
+        rotateRight: (a) => turn(a),
+        rotateLeft: (a) => turn(-a),
+        zoomIn: (m) => turn(0, m),
+      },
+      scene: {
+        preRender: engine.frames.preRender,
+        postRender: engine.frames.postRender,
+        requestRender: () => engine.render.request('heading-probe'),
+      },
+    };
+    // Observe real Navara frames; unlike Cesium this port does not own a
+    // manual viewer loop. The 600 ms case samples at that cadence while
+    // Navara continues rendering; the dt-clamp branch is covered by unit QA.
+    window.__sampleModelCourse = (id, offset, windowMs, stepMs = 100) =>
+      new Promise((resolve) => {
+        const samples = [];
+        let last = -Infinity;
+        const remove = engine.frames.preRender.addEventListener(() => {
+          const now = performance.now();
+          if (now - last < stepMs) return;
+          last = now;
+          const model = window.__findTrackedModel(id);
+          samples.push({
+            tMs: now,
+            epochMs: Date.now(),
+            course: model
+              ? window.__courseFromModelMatrix(model.modelMatrix, offset)
+              : null,
+          });
+        });
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          remove();
+          resolve(samples);
+        }, windowMs);
+        engine.render.request('heading-probe');
+      });
+  });
+}

scripts/qa-height-datum.mjs

@@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ async function readCameraGround(page, camId) {
  * @returns {Promise<number|null>} ellipsoid height in metres, or null on failure.
  */
 async function fetchReearthEllipsoid(lat, lon) {
-  const url = `${APP_URL}/api/terrain/heights?points=${encodeURIComponent(`${lon.toFixed(5)},${lat.toFixed(5)}`)}`;
+  const url = new URL('/api/terrain/heights', APP_URL);
+  url.searchParams.set('points', `${lon.toFixed(5)},${lat.toFixed(5)}`);
   try {
     const res = await fetch(url, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(30000) });
     if (!res.ok) return null;
@@ -253,7 +254,7 @@ async function main() {
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
       '--use-gl=angle',
-      '--use-angle=swiftshader',
+      `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`,
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
       '--disable-web-security',
       '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
@@ -279,7 +280,7 @@ async function main() {
     console.log('Loading app...');
     await page.goto(APP_URL, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
     await page.waitForFunction(
-      () => window.__godsEyeView && window.__godsEyeView.viewer && window.__godsEyeView.dataManager,
+      () => window.__godsEyeView?.layers && window.__godsEyeView.dataManager,
       { timeout: 60000 }
     );
     await sleep(4000);
@@ -287,6 +288,10 @@ async function main() {
     // =========================================================================
     // Group 1: CCTV ground correctness
     // =========================================================================
+    const hasCctv = await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.layers.available('cctv'));
+    let allCameras = [], londonCams = [], austinCams = [];
+    if (!hasCctv) console.log('  [SKIP] CCTV ground/regime groups are outside the Navara W1 catalog');
+    if (hasCctv) {
     console.log('Enabling CCTV layer (full city-packs catalog)...');
     await page.evaluate(async () => {
       const dm = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager;
@@ -337,7 +342,7 @@ async function main() {
     // `nearbyPlace` string (NOT a stable "San Francisco" literal), so SF-area
     // Caltrans cameras are identified by proximity to the SF anchor instead
     // (same anchor vite.config.js's CALTRANS_ANCHORS uses for prioritization).
-    const allCameras = await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('cctv').module.getUIState().cameras);
+    allCameras = await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('cctv').module.getUIState().cameras);
     console.log(`Camera catalog: ${allCameras.length} total.`);
 
     const SF_ANCHOR = { lat: 37.7793, lon: -122.4193 };
@@ -349,8 +354,8 @@ async function main() {
       return R * 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1 - a));
     };
 
-    const londonCams = allCameras.filter((c) => c.city === 'London').slice(0, 5);
-    const austinCams = allCameras.filter((c) => c.city === 'Austin').slice(0, 5);
+    londonCams = allCameras.filter((c) => c.city === 'London').slice(0, 5);
+    austinCams = allCameras.filter((c) => c.city === 'Austin').slice(0, 5);
     const sfCams = allCameras
       .filter((c) => c.provider === 'Caltrans' && haversineKm(c.lat, c.lon, SF_ANCHOR.lat, SF_ANCHOR.lon) < 60)
       .slice(0, 3);
@@ -456,6 +461,8 @@ async function main() {
       record('Austin active camera google-3d ground ∈ [110,135]m', null, 'no Austin camera available to test');
     }
 
+    }
+
     // =========================================================================
     // Group 2: Aircraft render altitude
     // =========================================================================
@@ -511,7 +518,7 @@ async function main() {
       // returns everything currently shown regardless of viewer position.
       const nearbyList = await page.evaluate(() => {
         const mod = window.__godsEyeView.dataManager.layers.get('flights').module;
-        const center = window.__godsEyeView.viewer.camera.position;
+        const center = window.__godsEyeView.engine.camera.livePosition;
         return mod.getNearby(center, Number.MAX_VALUE, 200).map((a) => ({ icao24: a.icao24, altitudeM: a.altitudeM }));
       });
       const baroById = new Map(nearbyList.map((a) => [a.icao24, a.altitudeM]));
@@ -626,6 +633,7 @@ async function main() {
     // =========================================================================
     // Group 3: Regime C re-resolve
     // =========================================================================
+    if (hasCctv) {
     console.log('Switching map stack to keyless OSM (regime C)...');
     // Grab a London camera's ground BEFORE the switch (still whatever regime
     // we were in — Google-3D, given the app's default).
@@ -694,6 +702,8 @@ async function main() {
       record('CCTV grounds re-resolved for regime C', null, 'no test camera available');
     }
 
+    }
+
     // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Screenshot for human visual review (not a pass/fail gate).
     // -----------------------------------------------------------------------

scripts/qa-label-readability.mjs

@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ async function main() {
     ...(executablePath ? { executablePath } : {}),
     args: [
       '--no-sandbox', '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-      '--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader',
+      '--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`,
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage', '--disable-web-security',
       '--disable-background-timer-throttling', '--disable-renderer-backgrounding',
       '--window-size=1280,800',

scripts/qa-labels.mjs

@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ async function main() {
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
       '--use-gl=angle',
-      '--use-angle=swiftshader',
+      `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`,
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
       '--disable-web-security',
       '--disable-background-timer-throttling',

scripts/qa-overlay-baseline.mjs

@@ -655,9 +655,9 @@ async function prepareMission(page) {
   });
   if (!selected) return 'Mission roster did not expose a selectable mission';
   try {
-    await page.waitForFunction(() => String(window.__godsEyeView.viewer?.selectedEntity?.id || '').startsWith('rocket-launch:'), { timeout: 10_000 });
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => Boolean(window.__godsEyeView.layers.drawn('rocket-launches')?.selected), { timeout: 10_000 });
   } catch {
-    return 'Mission selection did not reach the Cesium selected entity';
+    return 'Mission selection did not reach the layer probe';
   }
   await sleep(2_000);
   return null;
@@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ async function main() {
     executablePath: CHROME_EXECUTABLE,
     headless: HEADFUL ? false : 'new',
     args: [
-      ...(HARDWARE_GPU ? [] : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--use-gl=swiftshader']),
+      ...(process.env.QA_ANGLE ? ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE}`] : HARDWARE_GPU ? [] : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--use-gl=swiftshader']),
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
@@ -950,9 +950,11 @@ async function main() {
         webglRenderer: browserContext.webglRenderer,
       },
       viewport: { ...VIEWPORT, dpr: browserContext.dpr },
-      gpuMode: HARDWARE_GPU ? 'hardware' : 'swiftshader',
+      gpuMode: process.env.QA_ANGLE || (HARDWARE_GPU ? 'hardware' : 'swiftshader'),
       chromeExecutable: CHROME_EXECUTABLE,
-      chromeArgs: HARDWARE_GPU
+      chromeArgs: process.env.QA_ANGLE
+        ? ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE}`, '--no-sandbox']
+        : HARDWARE_GPU
         ? ['--no-sandbox']
         : ['--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--use-gl=swiftshader', '--no-sandbox'],
       sampleMs: SAMPLE_MS,

scripts/qa-perf.mjs

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
   headless: 'new',
   protocolTimeout: 300_000,
   args: [
+    ...(process.env.QA_ANGLE ? [`--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE}`] : []),
     '--no-sandbox',
     '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
     '--window-size=1440,900',

scripts/qa-sprites-b5.mjs

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ async function main() {
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
       '--use-gl=angle',
-      '--use-angle=swiftshader',
+      `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`,
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
       '--disable-web-security',
       '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
@@ -206,6 +206,7 @@ async function main() {
 
     // ---- Straight-flight fetch shim (installed before any app code runs) ----
     await page.evaluateOnNewDocument((spec) => {
+      localStorage.setItem('gev:first-run-mission:v1', 'suppressed');
       window.__SPR = spec;
       window.__SPR.epochMs = Date.now();
       window.__SPR_HITS = { opensky: 0, mil: 0 };
@@ -284,6 +285,9 @@ async function main() {
       () => window.__godsEyeView && window.__godsEyeView.engine && window.__godsEyeView.dataManager && window.__godsEyeView.layers,
       { timeout: 60000, polling: 200 }
     );
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.initialRestorePromise);
+    await page.waitForFunction(() => document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'), { timeout: 180000 });
+    await page.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView.styleManager.orbitController.stop());
     console.log('  App globals ready.');
 
     // ---- In-page probes: billboard walk, model walk, tracked-model finder ---
@@ -292,7 +296,7 @@ async function main() {
       window.__collectBillboards = function () {
         const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
         if (!v)
-          return (window.__godsEyeView.layers.drawn('flights') ?? [])
+          return ['flights', 'military'].flatMap((id) => window.__godsEyeView.layers.drawn(id) ?? [])
             .filter((row) => !row.trackedModel)
             .map(({ id, image, scale, show }) => ({ id, image, scale, show }));
         const out = [];
@@ -315,7 +319,7 @@ async function main() {
       window.__collectModels = function () {
         const v = window.__godsEyeView.viewer;
         if (!v)
-          return (window.__godsEyeView.layers.drawn('flights') ?? [])
+          return ['flights', 'military'].flatMap((id) => window.__godsEyeView.layers.drawn(id) ?? [])
             .filter((row) => row.model && (row.trackedModel || !row.tracked))
             .map(({ id, model }) => ({ id, ...model, radius: null }));
         const out = [];
@@ -396,16 +400,16 @@ async function main() {
     let scaleBad = [];
     for (const [id, klass] of expectedFlights) {
       const bb = bbById.get(id);
-      const wantImg = aircraftIcon(klass);
+      const wantImg = [aircraftIcon(klass), aircraftIcon(klass, 192)];
       const wantScale = CLASS_SCALE_2D[klass] || 1;
-      if (!bb || bb.image !== wantImg) glyphBad.push(`${id}(${klass})${bb ? ':wrong-image' : ':missing'}`);
+      if (!bb || !wantImg.includes(bb.image)) glyphBad.push(`${id}(${klass})${bb ? ':wrong-image' : ':missing'}`);
       if (bb && Math.abs(bb.scale - wantScale) > 1e-9) scaleBad.push(`${id}: ${bb.scale} != ${wantScale}`);
     }
     for (const [id, klass] of hasMilitary ? expectedMilitary : []) {
       const bb = bbById.get(id);
-      const wantImg = aircraftIcon(klass);
+      const wantImg = [aircraftIcon(klass), aircraftIcon(klass, 192)];
       const wantScale = MIL_BILLBOARD_SCALE * (CLASS_SCALE_2D[klass] || 1);
-      if (!bb || bb.image !== wantImg) glyphBad.push(`${id}(${klass})${bb ? ':wrong-image' : ':missing'}`);
+      if (!bb || !wantImg.includes(bb.image)) glyphBad.push(`${id}(${klass})${bb ? ':wrong-image' : ':missing'}`);
       if (bb && Math.abs(bb.scale - wantScale) > 1e-9) scaleBad.push(`${id}: ${bb.scale} != ${wantScale}`);
     }
     record('B2a: every synthetic billboard has its class glyph (data-URI match)',

scripts/qa-vessel-cards.mjs

@@ -73,6 +73,40 @@ export function parseDataMode(args = []) {
   return mode;
 }
 
+/** A synthetic card capture owns its source instead of competing with qaFeed. */
+export function vesselCardCaptureUrl(pageUrl, dataMode) {
+  const url = new URL(pageUrl);
+  if (dataMode === 'synthetic') url.searchParams.delete('qaFeed');
+  return url.href;
+}
+
+/** Install before navigation; every asynchronous refresh keeps the same rows. */
+export function installSyntheticVesselFeed(rows) {
+  const realFetch = window.fetch.bind(window);
+  window.fetch = (input, init) => {
+    const url = new URL(
+      typeof input === 'string' ? input : (input.url ?? input),
+      location.href,
+    );
+    if (url.origin === location.origin && url.pathname === '/api/vessels') {
+      const nowMs = Date.now();
+      return Promise.resolve(
+        new Response(
+          JSON.stringify({
+            rows: rows.map((row) => ({
+              ...row,
+              last_position_epoch: nowMs / 1000,
+            })),
+            newestPositionAt: nowMs,
+          }),
+          { status: 200, headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json' } },
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+    return realFetch(input, init);
+  };
+}
+
 /** Build a screenshot name whose data provenance cannot collide with another mode. */
 export function vesselCardScreenshotFilename({ dataMode, tag, portKey }) {
   const provenanceSlug = DATA_PROVENANCE_SLUGS[dataMode];
@@ -262,22 +296,25 @@ async function main() {
       }));
       console.log(`  ▸ ${key} → ${outPath}`);
 
+      const syntheticRows = DATA_MODE === 'synthetic' ? syntheticVesselRows(key, port) : [];
+      const captureUrl = vesselCardCaptureUrl(PAGE_URL, DATA_MODE);
       const page = await browser.newPage();
       await page.setViewport({ width: 1600, height: 900 });
       await page.evaluateOnNewDocument(() => {
         // This harness inspects cards, so keep first-run chrome out of the view.
         localStorage.setItem('gev:first-run-mission:v1', 'suppressed');
       });
+      if (DATA_MODE === 'synthetic')
+        await page.evaluateOnNewDocument(installSyntheticVesselFeed, syntheticRows);
       page.on('pageerror', (err) => console.error(`    [page-error] ${err.message}`));
 
-      await page.goto(PAGE_URL, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
+      await page.goto(captureUrl, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
       if (ENGINE)
         await page.waitForFunction(() => !!window.__godsEyeView?.layers, { timeout: 180000 });
       else
         await page.waitForFunction(() => !!window.__godsEyeView?.viewer, { timeout: 60000 });
 
       // Frame the port (kill the intro flight first) and enable the layer.
-      const syntheticRows = DATA_MODE === 'synthetic' ? syntheticVesselRows(key, port) : [];
       const dataEvidence = await page.evaluate(async ({ p, dataMode, fixtureRows, engineNeutral }) => {
         const gev = window.__godsEyeView;
         if (engineNeutral) {
@@ -431,7 +468,7 @@ async function main() {
           hardwareAccelerated: hardwareRenderer,
           passed: capturePassed,
         },
-        appUrl: APP_URL,
+        appUrl: captureUrl,
         capturedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
       });
       fs.writeFileSync(manifestPath, `${JSON.stringify(manifest, null, 2)}\n`);

scripts/qa-voice-routing.mjs

@@ -1305,7 +1305,8 @@ async function runBehaviorLayer() {
     args: [
       '--no-sandbox',
       '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
-      ...(HEADFUL ? [] : ['--use-gl=angle', '--use-angle=swiftshader']),
+      ...(HEADFUL ? [] : ['--use-gl=angle', `--use-angle=${process.env.QA_ANGLE || 'swiftshader'}`]),
+      '--mute-audio',
       '--disable-dev-shm-usage',
       '--disable-web-security',
       '--disable-background-timer-throttling',

src/app/layers/qaSources.js

@@ -88,8 +88,12 @@ export function createQaSources(entries, { now = () => Date.now() } = {}) {
     if (layer === 'flights')
       sources.flights = createFlightSource({
         now,
-        fetchImpl: async () =>
-          json(syntheticFlights({ nowMs: now(), count: count ?? 8000 })),
+        fetchImpl: async (url) => {
+          const request = String(url);
+          if (request.includes('/api/adsbdb/')) return json({ found: false });
+          if (request.includes('/api/flights/track')) return json({ path: [] });
+          return json(syntheticFlights({ nowMs: now(), count: count ?? 8000 }));
+        },
       });
     if (layer === 'military')
       sources.military = createMilitarySource({
@@ -107,6 +111,8 @@ export function createQaSources(entries, { now = () => Date.now() } = {}) {
     if (layer === 'vessels')
       sources.vessels = createVesselSource({
         fetchImpl: async (url) => {
+          if (String(url).includes('/api/vessels/track'))
+            return json({ samples: [] });
           const params = new URL(url).searchParams;
           const area = params.has('lat')
             ? {

src/app/layers/qaSources.test.mjs

@@ -86,3 +86,51 @@ test('local-adsb:fixture answers as the local receivers do (1090 MHz and UAT)',
   assert.ok(state.records.some((record) => record.band === '978'));
   assert.ok(state.records.some((record) => record.band === '1090'));
 });
+
+test('flight fixture enrichment returns a not-found reply without regenerating the fleet', async () => {
+  let clockReads = 0;
+  const { flights } = createQaSources(
+    parseQaFeed('?qaFeed=flights:synthetic:10000'),
+    {
+      now: () => {
+        clockReads++;
+        return Date.UTC(2026, 9, 16, 12);
+      },
+    },
+  );
+  for (const kind of ['type', 'route']) {
+    const reply = await flights.getEnrichment({ kind, id: 'a00001' });
+    assert.equal(reply.found, false);
+    assert.deepEqual(Object.keys(reply), ['found']);
+  }
+  assert.equal(clockReads, 0);
+});
+
+test('flight fixture track reads do not regenerate a snapshot', async () => {
+  let clockReads = 0;
+  const { flights } = createQaSources(
+    parseQaFeed('?qaFeed=flights:synthetic:10000'),
+    {
+      now: () => {
+        clockReads++;
+        return Date.UTC(2026, 9, 16, 12);
+      },
+    },
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(await flights.getTrack('a00001'), {
+    records: [],
+    complete: false,
+  });
+  assert.equal(clockReads, 0);
+});
+
+test('vessel fixture answers a relative track URL and retains its full snapshot', async () => {
+  const { vessels } = createQaSources(parseQaFeed('?qaFeed=vessels:fixture'), {
+    now: () => Date.UTC(2026, 9, 16, 12),
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await vessels.getTrack('990000001'), {
+    records: [],
+    complete: false,
+  });
+  assert.equal((await vessels.getSnapshot({})).records.length, 12000);
+});

src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js

@@ -1,309 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
-
-const ALPHA_STOPS = [
-  [0, 0.8],
-  [120000, 0.45],
-  [600000, 0.2],
-  [900000, 0.08],
-];
-export function trailAlpha(ageMs) {
-  const stops = ALPHA_STOPS;
-  for (let i = 1; i < stops.length; i++) {
-    if (ageMs === stops[i][0]) return stops[i][1];
-    if (ageMs < stops[i][0]) {
-      const [a, x] = stops[i - 1],
-        [b, y] = stops[i];
-      return x + ((y - x) * Math.max(0, ageMs - a)) / (b - a);
-    }
-  }
-  return 0.08;
-}
-
-/** One static history batch and one frequently updated head. Never entities. */
-export function createContactTrailRenderer(scene) {
-  const ground =
-    !!scene.frameState?.context &&
-    Cesium.GroundPolylinePrimitive.isSupported(scene);
-  const collection = ground ? scene.groundPrimitives : scene.primitives;
-  // One 25 m corridor is clipped in material coordinates. Only subdivision
-  // crossings build geometry; frame updates write a scalar, never vertex buffers.
-  const headMaterial = (alpha) =>
-    new Cesium.Material({
-      fabric: {
-        type: 'TransitTrailHead',
-        uniforms: {
-          color: new Cesium.Color(0.37, 0.94, 0.54, alpha),
-          fraction: 0,
-          backing: true,
-        },
-        source: `czm_material czm_getMaterial(czm_materialInput materialInput) {
-        if (materialInput.st.s > fraction) discard;
-        czm_material m = czm_getDefaultMaterial(materialInput);
-        bool edge = abs(materialInput.st.t - 0.5) > 0.3;
-        m.diffuse = czm_gammaCorrect(vec4(edge && backing ? vec3(0.02, 0.03, 0.05) : color.rgb, 1.0)).rgb;
-        m.alpha = color.a;
-        return m;
-      }`,
-      },
-      translucent: true,
-    });
-  const material = headMaterial(0.8),
-    depthMaterial = headMaterial(0.55);
-  depthMaterial.uniforms.backing = false;
-  const head = { positions: [], show: false, width: 3, material };
-  const backing = { positions: [], show: false, width: 5 };
-  let headPrimitive = null,
-    headRebuilds = 0;
-  function geometry(positions, width, material = false) {
-    return ground
-      ? new Cesium.GroundPolylineGeometry({ positions, width, granularity: 0 })
-      : new Cesium.PolylineGeometry({
-          positions,
-          width,
-          arcType: Cesium.ArcType.NONE,
-          vertexFormat: material
-            ? Cesium.PolylineMaterialAppearance.VERTEX_FORMAT
-            : Cesium.PolylineColorAppearance.VERTEX_FORMAT,
-        });
-  }
-  function primitive(instances, appearance, depthFailAppearance) {
-    return ground
-      ? new Cesium.GroundPolylinePrimitive({
-          geometryInstances: instances,
-          appearance,
-          classificationType: Cesium.ClassificationType.BOTH,
-          allowPicking: false,
-          asynchronous: true,
-          show: visible,
-        })
-      : new Cesium.Primitive({
-          geometryInstances: instances,
-          appearance,
-          depthFailAppearance,
-          allowPicking: false,
-          asynchronous: false,
-          show: visible,
-        });
-  }
-  let body = null,
-    segments = [],
-    revision = -1,
-    visible = true,
-    style = '#5EF08A';
-  let lastSecond = -1,
-    completed = -1,
-    active = null;
-  const styleColor = Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString(style);
-  const attributeIds = [];
-  const color = new Cesium.Color(),
-    endpoint = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
-  const headPositions = [new Cesium.Cartesian3(), endpoint];
-  let rebuilds = 0;
-  function tint(alpha, dark = false) {
-    if (dark) {
-      color.red = 0.02;
-      color.green = 0.03;
-      color.blue = 0.05;
-    } else Cesium.Color.clone(styleColor, color);
-    color.alpha = alpha;
-    return color;
-  }
-  function replaceHistory(next) {
-    if (next.revision === revision) return;
-    revision = next.revision;
-    segments = next.segments;
-    completed = -1;
-    lastSecond = -1;
-    active = null;
-    if (headPrimitive) collection.remove(headPrimitive);
-    headPrimitive = null;
-    head.show = backing.show = false;
-    if (body) collection.remove(body);
-    body = null;
-    const instances = [];
-    attributeIds.length = 0;
-    for (let i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
-      const segment = segments[i];
-      attributeIds.push([`${i}:0`, `${i}:1`]);
-      if (segment.positions.length < 2) continue;
-      for (let lane = 0; lane < 2; lane++) {
-        instances.push(
-          new Cesium.GeometryInstance({
-            id: `${i}:${lane}`,
-            geometry: geometry(segment.positions, lane ? 3 : 5),
-            attributes: {
-              color: Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.fromColor(
-                tint(0.8, !lane),
-              ),
-              depthFailColor: Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.fromColor(
-                tint(0.55),
-              ),
-              show: new Cesium.ShowGeometryInstanceAttribute(false),
-            },
-          }),
-        );
-      }
-    }
-    if (instances.length) {
-      body = collection.add(
-        primitive(
-          instances,
-          new Cesium.PolylineColorAppearance({ translucent: true }),
-          new Cesium.PolylineColorAppearance({ translucent: true }),
-        ),
-      );
-      rebuilds++;
-    }
-  }
-  function setDisplaySample(sample, renderedPosition) {
-    if (!sample || !renderedPosition) {
-      head.show = false;
-      backing.show = false;
-      if (headPrimitive) headPrimitive.show = false;
-      return;
-    }
-    const second = Math.floor(sample.displayT / 1000);
-    let lo = 0,
-      hi = segments.length;
-    while (lo < hi) {
-      const mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
-      if (segments[mid].toT <= sample.displayT) lo = mid + 1;
-      else hi = mid;
-    }
-    const done = lo - 1;
-    const candidate = segments[lo];
-    const segment =
-      candidate &&
-      candidate.fromT <= sample.displayT &&
-      candidate.fromSeq === sample.fromSeq &&
-      candidate.toSeq === sample.toSeq
-        ? candidate
-        : null;
-    if (body?.ready && done !== completed) {
-      for (
-        let i = Math.min(done, completed) + 1;
-        i <= Math.max(done, completed);
-        i++
-      ) {
-        for (let lane = 0; lane < 2; lane++) {
-          const attributes = body.getGeometryInstanceAttributes(
-            attributeIds[i][lane],
-          );
-          if (!attributes) continue;
-          // Cesium getters return copies. Write back the array we changed.
-          const show = attributes.show;
-          show[0] = i <= done ? 1 : 0;
-          attributes.show = show;
-        }
-      }
-      completed = done;
-    }
-    if (body?.ready && second !== lastSecond) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
-        const alpha = trailAlpha(sample.displayT - segments[i].toT);
-        for (let lane = 0; lane < 2; lane++) {
-          const attributes = body.getGeometryInstanceAttributes(
-            attributeIds[i][lane],
-          );
-          if (!attributes) continue;
-          const rgba = attributes.color;
-          Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.toValue(
-            tint(alpha, !lane),
-            rgba,
-          );
-          attributes.color = rgba;
-          if (!ground) {
-            const depthRgba = attributes.depthFailColor;
-            Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.toValue(
-              tint(0.55),
-              depthRgba,
-            );
-            attributes.depthFailColor = depthRgba;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      lastSecond = second;
-    }
-    const show = visible && !!segment && sample.fraction < 1;
-    head.show = show;
-    backing.show = show;
-    if (headPrimitive) headPrimitive.show = show;
-    if (!show) return;
-    if (active !== segment) {
-      active = segment;
-      if (headPrimitive) collection.remove(headPrimitive);
-      headPrimitive = collection.add(
-        primitive(
-          new Cesium.GeometryInstance({
-            geometry: geometry(segment.positions, 5, true),
-          }),
-          new Cesium.PolylineMaterialAppearance({
-            material,
-            translucent: true,
-          }),
-          new Cesium.PolylineMaterialAppearance({
-            material: depthMaterial,
-            translucent: true,
-          }),
-        ),
-      );
-      headRebuilds++;
-      headPositions[0] = segment.positions[0];
-      headPositions[1] = endpoint;
-    }
-    Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(renderedPosition, endpoint);
-    head.positions = headPositions;
-    backing.positions = headPositions;
-    material.uniforms.fraction = Math.max(
-      0,
-      Math.min(
-        1,
-        (sample.displayT - segment.fromT) / (segment.toT - segment.fromT),
-      ),
-    );
-    depthMaterial.uniforms.fraction = material.uniforms.fraction;
-    Cesium.Color.clone(tint(0.8), material.uniforms.color);
-    Cesium.Color.clone(tint(0.55), depthMaterial.uniforms.color);
-  }
-  return {
-    replaceHistory,
-    setDisplaySample,
-    setStyle(next) {
-      if (next === style) return;
-      style = next;
-      Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString(style, styleColor);
-      lastSecond = -1;
-    },
-    setVisible(next) {
-      visible = next;
-      if (headPrimitive) headPrimitive.show = next && head.show;
-      if (body) body.show = next;
-    },
-    destroy() {
-      if (body) collection.remove(body);
-      if (headPrimitive) collection.remove(headPrimitive);
-      headPrimitive = null;
-      material.destroy();
-      depthMaterial.destroy();
-      body = null;
-      segments = [];
-    },
-    diagnostics() {
-      return {
-        revision,
-        rebuilds,
-        segments: segments.length,
-        body,
-        head,
-        backing,
-        headPrimitive,
-        headStrategy: ground
-          ? 'draped corridor with material clip'
-          : 'depth-fail corridor with material clip',
-        ground,
-        headRebuilds,
-        entitiesAdded: 0,
-      };
-    },
-  };
-}
+export {
+  createContactTrailRenderer,
+  trailAlpha,
+} from './render/cesiumContactTrailRenderer.js';

src/data/focusDeemphasis.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { worldToWindowCoordinates } from './render/cesiumProjection.js';
+import * as geo from '../geo/index.js';
 import { engineFromViewer } from '../globe/cesium/engineFromViewer.js';
 
 // A window position through the engine's projector when `scene` has a
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ function worldToWindow(scene, position, result) {
   const projector = engineFromViewer(scene)?.projector;
   return projector
     ? projector.worldToWindow(position, result)
-    : Cesium.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates(scene, position, result);
+    : worldToWindowCoordinates(scene, position, result);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ export const DEFAULT_FOCUS_DEEMPHASIS_PARAMS = Object.freeze({
 let _params = { ...DEFAULT_FOCUS_DEEMPHASIS_PARAMS };
 let _focusTarget = null;
 const _spriteStates = new WeakMap();
-const _scratchScreen = new Cesium.Cartesian2();
+const _scratchScreen = geo.cartesian2.create();
 const _advanceResult = {
   factor: 1,
   changed: false,
@@ -240,10 +241,7 @@ export function publishFocusTargetFromCachedPosition({
       bottom: screen.y + halfHeight + padding,
     },
     paddingPx: padding,
-    cameraDistance: Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(
-      camera.positionWC,
-      displayPosition,
-    ),
+    cameraDistance: geo.cartesian3.distance(camera.positionWC, displayPosition),
     frameNumber: scene.frameState?.frameNumber ?? -1,
   };
   if (appeared) {
@@ -491,7 +489,7 @@ export function advanceProjectedSpriteFocus(
     position && scene ? worldToWindow(scene, position, _scratchScreen) : null;
   const cameraDistance =
     position && camera?.positionWC
-      ? Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(camera.positionWC, position)
+      ? geo.cartesian3.distance(camera.positionWC, position)
       : Number.NaN;
   return advanceSpriteFocus(sprite, {
     screenPosition: screen,

src/data/iconOrientation.js

@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@
  * keeps rotation continuous through tracked orbits; field evidence, not an
  * unverified math swap, decides whether exact projection becomes preferred.
  */
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import {
+  worldToWindowCoordinates,
+  horizonOccluder,
+} from './render/cesiumProjection.js';
 import * as geo from '../geo/index.js';
 import { engineFromViewer } from '../globe/cesium/engineFromViewer.js';
 
@@ -31,7 +34,7 @@ function worldToWindow(scene, position, result) {
   const projector = engineFromViewer(scene)?.projector;
   return projector
     ? projector.worldToWindow(position, result)
-    : Cesium.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates(scene, position, result);
+    : worldToWindowCoordinates(scene, position, result);
 }
 
 /** Meters used to give the course vector a stable projection magnitude. */
@@ -126,11 +129,6 @@ export function stabilizeScreenRotation(
   return Math.abs(delta) < Math.max(0, deadbandRad) ? previous : next;
 }
 
-const _occluder = new Cesium.EllipsoidalOccluder(
-  Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84,
-  new Cesium.Cartesian3(),
-);
-
 /**
  * Half-width of the crossfade band centred on the ellipsoid silhouette, in
  * radians. ~1.1° per side: at the product's default 60° frustum on a 1280×800
@@ -256,10 +254,7 @@ export function skyBackdropFactor(
  * @param {Cesium.Camera} camera - The scene camera.
  * @returns {Cesium.EllipsoidalOccluder}
  */
-export function horizonOccluder(camera) {
-  _occluder.cameraPosition = camera.positionWC;
-  return _occluder;
-}
+export { horizonOccluder };
 
 /**
  * Cheap camera pose signature for "did the camera move" gating of rotation

src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { modelAxis } from './render/cesiumConstants.js';
 import * as geo from '../geo/index.js';
 /**
  * Model-space visual centres measured from the shipped GLBs' scene-space AABBs.
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ export const MODEL_TRAIL_ANCHOR_NATIVE = Object.freeze({
  *  trail anchor has to ride the same chain or it lands on a different axis than
  *  the aircraft it is supposed to be attached to. */
 const AXIS_CORRECTION = geo.matrix4.multiplyTransformation(
-  Cesium.Axis.Y_UP_TO_Z_UP,
-  Cesium.Axis.Z_UP_TO_X_UP,
+  modelAxis.Y_UP_TO_Z_UP,
+  modelAxis.Z_UP_TO_X_UP,
   geo.matrix4.create(),
 );
 const _anchorScratch = geo.cartesian3.create();

src/data/render/cesiumConstants.js

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Native constants shared by the W1 adapters; keep the SDK import here.
+export {
+  Axis as modelAxis,
+  ScreenSpaceEventType as trackingEventTypes,
+} from 'cesium';

src/data/render/cesiumContactTrailRenderer.js

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+
+const ALPHA_STOPS = [
+  [0, 0.8],
+  [120000, 0.45],
+  [600000, 0.2],
+  [900000, 0.08],
+];
+export function trailAlpha(ageMs) {
+  const stops = ALPHA_STOPS;
+  for (let i = 1; i < stops.length; i++) {
+    if (ageMs === stops[i][0]) return stops[i][1];
+    if (ageMs < stops[i][0]) {
+      const [a, x] = stops[i - 1],
+        [b, y] = stops[i];
+      return x + ((y - x) * Math.max(0, ageMs - a)) / (b - a);
+    }
+  }
+  return 0.08;
+}
+
+/** One static history batch and one frequently updated head. Never entities. */
+export function createContactTrailRenderer(scene) {
+  const ground =
+    !!scene.frameState?.context &&
+    Cesium.GroundPolylinePrimitive.isSupported(scene);
+  const collection = ground ? scene.groundPrimitives : scene.primitives;
+  // One 25 m corridor is clipped in material coordinates. Only subdivision
+  // crossings build geometry; frame updates write a scalar, never vertex buffers.
+  const headMaterial = (alpha) =>
+    new Cesium.Material({
+      fabric: {
+        type: 'TransitTrailHead',
+        uniforms: {
+          color: new Cesium.Color(0.37, 0.94, 0.54, alpha),
+          fraction: 0,
+          backing: true,
+        },
+        source: `czm_material czm_getMaterial(czm_materialInput materialInput) {
+        if (materialInput.st.s > fraction) discard;
+        czm_material m = czm_getDefaultMaterial(materialInput);
+        bool edge = abs(materialInput.st.t - 0.5) > 0.3;
+        m.diffuse = czm_gammaCorrect(vec4(edge && backing ? vec3(0.02, 0.03, 0.05) : color.rgb, 1.0)).rgb;
+        m.alpha = color.a;
+        return m;
+      }`,
+      },
+      translucent: true,
+    });
+  const material = headMaterial(0.8),
+    depthMaterial = headMaterial(0.55);
+  depthMaterial.uniforms.backing = false;
+  const head = { positions: [], show: false, width: 3, material };
+  const backing = { positions: [], show: false, width: 5 };
+  let headPrimitive = null,
+    headRebuilds = 0;
+  function geometry(positions, width, material = false) {
+    return ground
+      ? new Cesium.GroundPolylineGeometry({ positions, width, granularity: 0 })
+      : new Cesium.PolylineGeometry({
+          positions,
+          width,
+          arcType: Cesium.ArcType.NONE,
+          vertexFormat: material
+            ? Cesium.PolylineMaterialAppearance.VERTEX_FORMAT
+            : Cesium.PolylineColorAppearance.VERTEX_FORMAT,
+        });
+  }
+  function primitive(instances, appearance, depthFailAppearance) {
+    return ground
+      ? new Cesium.GroundPolylinePrimitive({
+          geometryInstances: instances,
+          appearance,
+          classificationType: Cesium.ClassificationType.BOTH,
+          allowPicking: false,
+          asynchronous: true,
+          show: visible,
+        })
+      : new Cesium.Primitive({
+          geometryInstances: instances,
+          appearance,
+          depthFailAppearance,
+          allowPicking: false,
+          asynchronous: false,
+          show: visible,
+        });
+  }
+  let body = null,
+    segments = [],
+    revision = -1,
+    visible = true,
+    style = '#5EF08A';
+  let lastSecond = -1,
+    completed = -1,
+    active = null;
+  const styleColor = Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString(style);
+  const attributeIds = [];
+  const color = new Cesium.Color(),
+    endpoint = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  const headPositions = [new Cesium.Cartesian3(), endpoint];
+  let rebuilds = 0;
+  function tint(alpha, dark = false) {
+    if (dark) {
+      color.red = 0.02;
+      color.green = 0.03;
+      color.blue = 0.05;
+    } else Cesium.Color.clone(styleColor, color);
+    color.alpha = alpha;
+    return color;
+  }
+  function replaceHistory(next) {
+    if (next.revision === revision) return;
+    revision = next.revision;
+    segments = next.segments;
+    completed = -1;
+    lastSecond = -1;
+    active = null;
+    if (headPrimitive) collection.remove(headPrimitive);
+    headPrimitive = null;
+    head.show = backing.show = false;
+    if (body) collection.remove(body);
+    body = null;
+    const instances = [];
+    attributeIds.length = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
+      const segment = segments[i];
+      attributeIds.push([`${i}:0`, `${i}:1`]);
+      if (segment.positions.length < 2) continue;
+      for (let lane = 0; lane < 2; lane++) {
+        instances.push(
+          new Cesium.GeometryInstance({
+            id: `${i}:${lane}`,
+            geometry: geometry(segment.positions, lane ? 3 : 5),
+            attributes: {
+              color: Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.fromColor(
+                tint(0.8, !lane),
+              ),
+              depthFailColor: Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.fromColor(
+                tint(0.55),
+              ),
+              show: new Cesium.ShowGeometryInstanceAttribute(false),
+            },
+          }),
+        );
+      }
+    }
+    if (instances.length) {
+      body = collection.add(
+        primitive(
+          instances,
+          new Cesium.PolylineColorAppearance({ translucent: true }),
+          new Cesium.PolylineColorAppearance({ translucent: true }),
+        ),
+      );
+      rebuilds++;
+    }
+  }
+  function setDisplaySample(sample, renderedPosition) {
+    if (!sample || !renderedPosition) {
+      head.show = false;
+      backing.show = false;
+      if (headPrimitive) headPrimitive.show = false;
+      return;
+    }
+    const second = Math.floor(sample.displayT / 1000);
+    let lo = 0,
+      hi = segments.length;
+    while (lo < hi) {
+      const mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
+      if (segments[mid].toT <= sample.displayT) lo = mid + 1;
+      else hi = mid;
+    }
+    const done = lo - 1;
+    const candidate = segments[lo];
+    const segment =
+      candidate &&
+      candidate.fromT <= sample.displayT &&
+      candidate.fromSeq === sample.fromSeq &&
+      candidate.toSeq === sample.toSeq
+        ? candidate
+        : null;
+    if (body?.ready && done !== completed) {
+      for (
+        let i = Math.min(done, completed) + 1;
+        i <= Math.max(done, completed);
+        i++
+      ) {
+        for (let lane = 0; lane < 2; lane++) {
+          const attributes = body.getGeometryInstanceAttributes(
+            attributeIds[i][lane],
+          );
+          if (!attributes) continue;
+          // Cesium getters return copies. Write back the array we changed.
+          const show = attributes.show;
+          show[0] = i <= done ? 1 : 0;
+          attributes.show = show;
+        }
+      }
+      completed = done;
+    }
+    if (body?.ready && second !== lastSecond) {
+      for (let i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
+        const alpha = trailAlpha(sample.displayT - segments[i].toT);
+        for (let lane = 0; lane < 2; lane++) {
+          const attributes = body.getGeometryInstanceAttributes(
+            attributeIds[i][lane],
+          );
+          if (!attributes) continue;
+          const rgba = attributes.color;
+          Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.toValue(
+            tint(alpha, !lane),
+            rgba,
+          );
+          attributes.color = rgba;
+          if (!ground) {
+            const depthRgba = attributes.depthFailColor;
+            Cesium.ColorGeometryInstanceAttribute.toValue(
+              tint(0.55),
+              depthRgba,
+            );
+            attributes.depthFailColor = depthRgba;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      lastSecond = second;
+    }
+    const show = visible && !!segment && sample.fraction < 1;
+    head.show = show;
+    backing.show = show;
+    if (headPrimitive) headPrimitive.show = show;
+    if (!show) return;
+    if (active !== segment) {
+      active = segment;
+      if (headPrimitive) collection.remove(headPrimitive);
+      headPrimitive = collection.add(
+        primitive(
+          new Cesium.GeometryInstance({
+            geometry: geometry(segment.positions, 5, true),
+          }),
+          new Cesium.PolylineMaterialAppearance({
+            material,
+            translucent: true,
+          }),
+          new Cesium.PolylineMaterialAppearance({
+            material: depthMaterial,
+            translucent: true,
+          }),
+        ),
+      );
+      headRebuilds++;
+      headPositions[0] = segment.positions[0];
+      headPositions[1] = endpoint;
+    }
+    Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(renderedPosition, endpoint);
+    head.positions = headPositions;
+    backing.positions = headPositions;
+    material.uniforms.fraction = Math.max(
+      0,
+      Math.min(
+        1,
+        (sample.displayT - segment.fromT) / (segment.toT - segment.fromT),
+      ),
+    );
+    depthMaterial.uniforms.fraction = material.uniforms.fraction;
+    Cesium.Color.clone(tint(0.8), material.uniforms.color);
+    Cesium.Color.clone(tint(0.55), depthMaterial.uniforms.color);
+  }
+  return {
+    replaceHistory,
+    setDisplaySample,
+    setStyle(next) {
+      if (next === style) return;
+      style = next;
+      Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString(style, styleColor);
+      lastSecond = -1;
+    },
+    setVisible(next) {
+      visible = next;
+      if (headPrimitive) headPrimitive.show = next && head.show;
+      if (body) body.show = next;
+    },
+    destroy() {
+      if (body) collection.remove(body);
+      if (headPrimitive) collection.remove(headPrimitive);
+      headPrimitive = null;
+      material.destroy();
+      depthMaterial.destroy();
+      body = null;
+      segments = [];
+    },
+    diagnostics() {
+      return {
+        revision,
+        rebuilds,
+        segments: segments.length,
+        body,
+        head,
+        backing,
+        headPrimitive,
+        headStrategy: ground
+          ? 'draped corridor with material clip'
+          : 'depth-fail corridor with material clip',
+        ground,
+        headRebuilds,
+        entitiesAdded: 0,
+      };
+    },
+  };
+}

src/data/render/cesiumProjection.js

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+export function worldToWindowCoordinates(scene, position, result) {
+  return Cesium.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates(
+    scene,
+    position,
+    result,
+  );
+}
+const occluder = new Cesium.EllipsoidalOccluder(
+  Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84,
+  new Cesium.Cartesian3(),
+);
+export function horizonOccluder(camera) {
+  occluder.cameraPosition = camera.positionWC;
+  return occluder;
+}

src/data/render/cesiumTrailRenderer.js

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/**
+ * @module trailRenderer
+ * @description Shared track-history renderer (PRD WS-F F4; rebuilt round 6,
+ * 2026-07-06).
+ *
+ * One trail = one ENTITY polyline. Round 6 replaced the faded per-vertex
+ * Primitive for two owner directives from the field:
+ *  - "the line must ALWAYS be visible": the Primitive's depthFailAppearance
+ *    did not reliably render segments below the photoreal mesh — entity
+ *    polylines with `depthFailMaterial` DO (in-repo proof: CCTV's frustum
+ *    wireframes read through geometry with exactly this), so occluded
+ *    segments now draw dimmed instead of vanishing.
+ *  - "show actual tracks, don't style them too much": the tail-fade is gone;
+ *    the whole history renders at one readable alpha (dimmer where it passes
+ *    behind/below geometry).
+ *
+ * Trails update at poll cadence (~15-60 s) plus once on history backfill, so
+ * assigning a fresh positions array per update is cheap. `allowPicking` has
+ * no entity equivalent; the polyline entity is excluded from clicks by never
+ * carrying a pick id the layers' click handlers resolve.
+ */
+import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { registerPickOwner } from '../pickRegistry.js';
+
+// Round 6: trail ENTITIES are pickable (the old Primitive had
+// allowPicking:false). A trail hugs its aircraft, so an unclaimed pick would
+// read as "empty space" in every layer's click handler and deselect the very
+// plane being tracked. Claiming the 'gev-trail:' id namespace makes
+// isOwnedByOtherLayer() true for every layer — clicking a trail is a no-op
+// everywhere. Registered once at module load; the predicate is pure.
+registerPickOwner('trails', (pickedId) =>
+  String(pickedId).startsWith('gev-trail:'),
+);
+
+/** @type {number} Uniquifier for trail entity ids (Cesium requires unique entity ids). */
+let _trailSeq = 0;
+
+/** @constant {number} Alpha where the trail passes the depth test. */
+const TRAIL_ALPHA = 0.85;
+/** @constant {number} Alpha where the trail is behind/below scene geometry —
+ *  visible (owner: never vanish) but readable as occluded. */
+const TRAIL_OCCLUDED_ALPHA = 0.4;
+/** @constant {number} Squared distance (m^2) below which consecutive points are merged. */
+const MIN_SEGMENT_DISTANCE_SQ = 0.01;
+
+/**
+ * Create an always-visible polyline trail bound to a viewer.
+ * @param {Cesium.Viewer} viewer - Viewer whose entity collection owns the trail.
+ * @param {object} options - Trail options.
+ * @param {string} options.color - CSS color string for the trail hue.
+ * @param {number} [options.width=2.5] - Polyline width in pixels.
+ * @returns {{setPositions: function(Cesium.Cartesian3[]): void, setVisible: function(boolean): void, clear: function(): void, destroy: function(): void}}
+ *   Trail handle: setPositions replaces the geometry, setVisible temporarily
+ *   hides it without discarding history, clear empties it, and destroy removes
+ *   the entity permanently.
+ */
+export function createTrail(viewer, { color, width = 2.5 }) {
+  const baseColor = Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString(color);
+  /** @type {Cesium.Cartesian3[]} Current deduped positions (owned copy). */
+  let current = [];
+  let destroyed = false;
+  let visible = true;
+  /** @type {Cesium.Entity|null} */
+  let entity = null;
+
+  function ensureEntity() {
+    if (entity || destroyed || !viewer || viewer.isDestroyed()) return;
+    entity = viewer.entities.add({
+      id: `gev-trail:${++_trailSeq}`,
+      show: visible,
+      polyline: {
+        // CallbackProperty so a positions swap never rebuilds the entity —
+        // Cesium re-reads on change; `false` marks it non-constant.
+        positions: new Cesium.CallbackProperty(() => current, false),
+        width,
+        material: baseColor.withAlpha(TRAIL_ALPHA),
+        // The owner-locked rule (round 6): a segment below the photoreal
+        // mesh renders dimmed — it must never disappear into the ground.
+        depthFailMaterial: baseColor.withAlpha(TRAIL_OCCLUDED_ALPHA),
+        // Round 8 (owner: UAL1104's Pacific trail "cutting through the
+        // globe"): NONE draws straight 3D chords between waypoints — over a
+        // sparse trans-oceanic trace a single segment spans hundreds of km
+        // and tunnels through the planet. GEODESIC subdivides each segment
+        // along the curved surface (heights interpolated), so long legs hug
+        // the globe instead of chording through it.
+        arcType: Cesium.ArcType.GEODESIC,
+      },
+    });
+  }
+
+  return {
+    /**
+     * Replace the trail geometry with a chronological position list
+     * (oldest first). Fewer than 2 distinct positions clears the trail.
+     * @param {Cesium.Cartesian3[]} cartesians - Positions, oldest -> newest.
+     */
+    setPositions(cartesians) {
+      if (destroyed || !viewer || viewer.isDestroyed()) return;
+      // Drop consecutive near-duplicates: zero-length segments add nothing.
+      const positions = [];
+      for (const position of Array.isArray(cartesians) ? cartesians : []) {
+        if (!position) continue;
+        const last = positions[positions.length - 1];
+        if (
+          last &&
+          Cesium.Cartesian3.distanceSquared(last, position) <
+            MIN_SEGMENT_DISTANCE_SQ
+        )
+          continue;
+        positions.push(position);
+      }
+      current = positions.length >= 2 ? positions : [];
+      ensureEntity();
+    },
+
+    /** Temporarily hide/show the trail without discarding accumulated history. */
+    setVisible(nextVisible) {
+      visible = nextVisible !== false;
+      if (entity) entity.show = visible;
+    },
+
+    /** Empty the trail without removing the entity (cheap re-arm). */
+    clear() {
+      current = [];
+    },
+
+    /** Remove the trail entity permanently (layer disable/teardown). */
+    destroy() {
+      destroyed = true;
+      current = [];
+      if (entity && viewer && !viewer.isDestroyed()) {
+        try {
+          viewer.entities.remove(entity);
+        } catch {
+          /* torn down */
+        }
+      }
+      entity = null;
+    },
+  };
+}

src/data/trackingClickGesture.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { trackingEventTypes } from './render/cesiumConstants.js';
 import { isPointerFree } from './inputOwnership.js';
 
 export const MAX_TRACKING_CLICK_TRAVEL_PX = 6;
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export function isTrackingClickGesture(gesture = {}) {
  */
 export function bindTrackingClickGesture(handler, onClick, options = {}) {
   const now = options.now || (() => performance.now());
-  const eventTypes = options.eventTypes || Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventType;
+  const eventTypes = options.eventTypes || trackingEventTypes;
   let pressActive = false;
   let pressStartedAt = 0;
   let previousPosition = null;

src/data/trailRenderer.js

@@ -1,141 +1 @@
-/**
- * @module trailRenderer
- * @description Shared track-history renderer (PRD WS-F F4; rebuilt round 6,
- * 2026-07-06).
- *
- * One trail = one ENTITY polyline. Round 6 replaced the faded per-vertex
- * Primitive for two owner directives from the field:
- *  - "the line must ALWAYS be visible": the Primitive's depthFailAppearance
- *    did not reliably render segments below the photoreal mesh — entity
- *    polylines with `depthFailMaterial` DO (in-repo proof: CCTV's frustum
- *    wireframes read through geometry with exactly this), so occluded
- *    segments now draw dimmed instead of vanishing.
- *  - "show actual tracks, don't style them too much": the tail-fade is gone;
- *    the whole history renders at one readable alpha (dimmer where it passes
- *    behind/below geometry).
- *
- * Trails update at poll cadence (~15-60 s) plus once on history backfill, so
- * assigning a fresh positions array per update is cheap. `allowPicking` has
- * no entity equivalent; the polyline entity is excluded from clicks by never
- * carrying a pick id the layers' click handlers resolve.
- */
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
-import { registerPickOwner } from './pickRegistry.js';
-
-// Round 6: trail ENTITIES are pickable (the old Primitive had
-// allowPicking:false). A trail hugs its aircraft, so an unclaimed pick would
-// read as "empty space" in every layer's click handler and deselect the very
-// plane being tracked. Claiming the 'gev-trail:' id namespace makes
-// isOwnedByOtherLayer() true for every layer — clicking a trail is a no-op
-// everywhere. Registered once at module load; the predicate is pure.
-registerPickOwner('trails', (pickedId) =>
-  String(pickedId).startsWith('gev-trail:'),
-);
-
-/** @type {number} Uniquifier for trail entity ids (Cesium requires unique entity ids). */
-let _trailSeq = 0;
-
-/** @constant {number} Alpha where the trail passes the depth test. */
-const TRAIL_ALPHA = 0.85;
-/** @constant {number} Alpha where the trail is behind/below scene geometry —
- *  visible (owner: never vanish) but readable as occluded. */
-const TRAIL_OCCLUDED_ALPHA = 0.4;
-/** @constant {number} Squared distance (m^2) below which consecutive points are merged. */
-const MIN_SEGMENT_DISTANCE_SQ = 0.01;
-
-/**
- * Create an always-visible polyline trail bound to a viewer.
- * @param {Cesium.Viewer} viewer - Viewer whose entity collection owns the trail.
- * @param {object} options - Trail options.
- * @param {string} options.color - CSS color string for the trail hue.
- * @param {number} [options.width=2.5] - Polyline width in pixels.
- * @returns {{setPositions: function(Cesium.Cartesian3[]): void, setVisible: function(boolean): void, clear: function(): void, destroy: function(): void}}
- *   Trail handle: setPositions replaces the geometry, setVisible temporarily
- *   hides it without discarding history, clear empties it, and destroy removes
- *   the entity permanently.
- */
-export function createTrail(viewer, { color, width = 2.5 }) {
-  const baseColor = Cesium.Color.fromCssColorString(color);
-  /** @type {Cesium.Cartesian3[]} Current deduped positions (owned copy). */
-  let current = [];
-  let destroyed = false;
-  let visible = true;
-  /** @type {Cesium.Entity|null} */
-  let entity = null;
-
-  function ensureEntity() {
-    if (entity || destroyed || !viewer || viewer.isDestroyed()) return;
-    entity = viewer.entities.add({
-      id: `gev-trail:${++_trailSeq}`,
-      show: visible,
-      polyline: {
-        // CallbackProperty so a positions swap never rebuilds the entity —
-        // Cesium re-reads on change; `false` marks it non-constant.
-        positions: new Cesium.CallbackProperty(() => current, false),
-        width,
-        material: baseColor.withAlpha(TRAIL_ALPHA),
-        // The owner-locked rule (round 6): a segment below the photoreal
-        // mesh renders dimmed — it must never disappear into the ground.
-        depthFailMaterial: baseColor.withAlpha(TRAIL_OCCLUDED_ALPHA),
-        // Round 8 (owner: UAL1104's Pacific trail "cutting through the
-        // globe"): NONE draws straight 3D chords between waypoints — over a
-        // sparse trans-oceanic trace a single segment spans hundreds of km
-        // and tunnels through the planet. GEODESIC subdivides each segment
-        // along the curved surface (heights interpolated), so long legs hug
-        // the globe instead of chording through it.
-        arcType: Cesium.ArcType.GEODESIC,
-      },
-    });
-  }
-
-  return {
-    /**
-     * Replace the trail geometry with a chronological position list
-     * (oldest first). Fewer than 2 distinct positions clears the trail.
-     * @param {Cesium.Cartesian3[]} cartesians - Positions, oldest -> newest.
-     */
-    setPositions(cartesians) {
-      if (destroyed || !viewer || viewer.isDestroyed()) return;
-      // Drop consecutive near-duplicates: zero-length segments add nothing.
-      const positions = [];
-      for (const position of Array.isArray(cartesians) ? cartesians : []) {
-        if (!position) continue;
-        const last = positions[positions.length - 1];
-        if (
-          last &&
-          Cesium.Cartesian3.distanceSquared(last, position) <
-            MIN_SEGMENT_DISTANCE_SQ
-        )
-          continue;
-        positions.push(position);
-      }
-      current = positions.length >= 2 ? positions : [];
-      ensureEntity();
-    },
-
-    /** Temporarily hide/show the trail without discarding accumulated history. */
-    setVisible(nextVisible) {
-      visible = nextVisible !== false;
-      if (entity) entity.show = visible;
-    },
-
-    /** Empty the trail without removing the entity (cheap re-arm). */
-    clear() {
-      current = [];
-    },
-
-    /** Remove the trail entity permanently (layer disable/teardown). */
-    destroy() {
-      destroyed = true;
-      current = [];
-      if (entity && viewer && !viewer.isDestroyed()) {
-        try {
-          viewer.entities.remove(entity);
-        } catch {
-          /* torn down */
-        }
-      }
-      entity = null;
-    },
-  };
-}
+export { createTrail } from './render/cesiumTrailRenderer.js';

src/globe/contract.js

@@ -282,11 +282,9 @@
  *   - Cesium's viewer.clock: the app never animates it (shouldAnimate false,
  *     its time frozen at boot); Cesium's sun and lighting and every entity
  *     property read at viewer.clock.currentTime stay on that time;
- *   - launches: the replay timeline (replay.js, Date.now/performance.now),
- *     the mission orbit's GMST frame (orbitRendering.js new Date()), launch
- *     pad and panel throttles (phase 3 Task 15a);
  *   - wall-clock throttles and feed receipt stamps everywhere (they measure
  *     real elapsed time, not scene time).
+ *   Launch replay, satellite propagation and orbit GMST now use this clock.
  * @property {() => number} now The current app time.
  * @property {() => number} frameTime The app time latched at the start of the
  *   engine's current frame: every reader in one frame gets the same value; it
@@ -374,8 +372,8 @@
  *   straight segments.
  * @property {Matrix4} [modelMatrix] Applied to the positions (an orbit ring
  *   turned by GMST).
- * @property {any} [pickId] What a Cesium pick of the line returns (Navara
- *   lines are not pickable yet).
+ * @property {any} [pickId] What a pick of the line returns (Navara uses
+ *   CPU segment picks; lines do not participate in its GPU pass).
  *
  * @typedef {object} Line
  * @property {(positions: Cartesian3[] | Float64Array) => void} setPositions

src/globe/navara/followGestures.js

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 // (ScreenSpaceCameraController rotate3D and zoom3D):
 // - left drag: heading turns by rate × dx / width × 2π and the camera rises
 //   by rate × −dy / height × π, rate = 1.77 (Cesium's maximum rotate rate,
-//   which a tracked camera beyond a few metres always reaches); each move
-//   counts at most a tenth of the canvas (maximumMovementRatio); a drag
+//   which a tracked camera beyond a few metres always reaches); the signed
+//   window ratio uses Cesium's maximumMovementRatio cap; a drag
 //   right turns the heading clockwise;
 // - right drag: a dolly by dy / height (down closes in);
 // - wheel: one notch (deltaY 100) is 20 % of the range.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export function navaraFollowGestures(
         return;
       }
       orbit(
-        ROTATE_RATE * Math.min(dx / width, MAX_MOVEMENT_RATIO) * 2 * Math.PI,
+        -ROTATE_RATE * Math.min(-dx / width, MAX_MOVEMENT_RATIO) * 2 * Math.PI,
         ROTATE_RATE * Math.min(-dy / height, MAX_MOVEMENT_RATIO) * Math.PI,
       );
     };

src/globe/navara/followGestures.test.mjs

@@ -52,14 +52,22 @@ test('drag turns and right drag dollies as Cesium tracked camera; wheel scales;
   win.dispatchEvent(event('pointerup', { button: 0 }));
   assert.ok(calls[0][2] < 0, 'pitch down');
   assert.ok(Math.abs(calls[0][2] + (1.77 * 40 * Math.PI) / 800) < 1e-12);
-  // Per move at most a tenth of the canvas counts (maximumMovementRatio).
+  // Cesium rotate3D caps (startX - endX) / width, before the sign
+  // reversal into heading. Large right and left drags are asymmetric.
   calls.length = 0;
   canvas.dispatchEvent(
     event('pointerdown', { button: 0, clientX: 0, clientY: 0 }),
   );
   win.dispatchEvent(event('pointermove', { clientX: 640, clientY: 0 }));
   win.dispatchEvent(event('pointerup', { button: 0 }));
-  assert.ok(Math.abs(calls[0][1] - 1.77 * 0.1 * 2 * Math.PI) < 1e-12);
+  assert.ok(Math.abs(calls[0][1] - 1.77 * 0.5 * 2 * Math.PI) < 1e-12);
+  calls.length = 0;
+  canvas.dispatchEvent(
+    event('pointerdown', { button: 0, clientX: 640, clientY: 0 }),
+  );
+  win.dispatchEvent(event('pointermove', { clientX: 0, clientY: 0 }));
+  win.dispatchEvent(event('pointerup', { button: 0 }));
+  assert.ok(Math.abs(calls[0][1] + 1.77 * 0.1 * 2 * Math.PI) < 1e-12);
   // A right drag down: a dolly by the window ratio (Cesium zoom3D).
   calls.length = 0;
   const context = event('contextmenu');

src/globe/navara/index.js

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import { createNavaraLines } from './lines/index.js';
 import { createNavaraOverlay } from './overlay.js';
 import {
   NAVARA_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTES,
+  ACES_FILMIC,
   navaraScenePlan,
   navaraViewOptions,
   resolveNavaraLook,
@@ -120,14 +121,20 @@ export async function createNavaraGlobe({
     );
     // The look's shadowed sun leaked a light per frame (internals.js).
     keepCascadedLightIds(view);
-    // Sprites, points and lines, drawn after tone mapping (overlay.js).
+    // Screen overlays and model display colour after tone mapping (overlay.js).
     overlay = createNavaraOverlay(view);
     engine = createNavaraEngine(view, {
       hooks: navaraHooks(view),
       container,
       ...(appClock ? { appClock } : {}),
       sharpen: createNavaraSharpen(view),
-      movers: createNavaraMovers(view, { overlay }),
+      movers: createNavaraMovers(view, {
+        overlay,
+        // Model colour follows the display-space stage, after the look's ACES.
+        aces: plan.effects.some(
+          ({ toneMapping }) => toneMapping?.mode === ACES_FILMIC,
+        ),
+      }),
       lines: createNavaraLines(view, { overlay }),
     });
     const camera = engine.camera;

src/globe/navara/movers/frameCamera.js

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// One camera snapshot per Navara frame, shared by its mover sets. A camera
+// command or resize within the frame invalidates it too. Nonstandard parented
+// or manually managed cameras retain the uncached path.
+const EARTH_RADIUS_M = 6_371_000;
+
+export function createMoverFrameCamera(view) {
+  const frame = {
+    cameraPosition: { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 },
+    cameraDirection: { x: 0, y: 0, z: -1 },
+    cameraHeight: 0,
+    fovDeg: 60,
+    viewportHeightPx: 0,
+    pixelRatio: 1,
+  };
+  const previous = {};
+  return (ctx, time) => {
+    const raw = view.camera.raw;
+    const renderer = ctx?.getRenderer();
+    const height = renderer?.domElement.clientHeight;
+    if (!raw || !(height > 0)) return null;
+    const p = raw.position,
+      q = raw.quaternion,
+      scale = raw.scale;
+    const dpr = renderer.getPixelRatio?.() ?? 1;
+    const cacheable =
+      Number.isFinite(time) &&
+      !raw.parent &&
+      raw.matrixAutoUpdate !== false &&
+      raw.matrixWorldAutoUpdate !== false &&
+      scale.x === 1 &&
+      scale.y === 1 &&
+      scale.z === 1;
+    if (
+      cacheable &&
+      previous.time === time &&
+      previous.raw === raw &&
+      previous.renderer === renderer &&
+      previous.x === p.x &&
+      previous.y === p.y &&
+      previous.z === p.z &&
+      previous.qx === q.x &&
+      previous.qy === q.y &&
+      previous.qz === q.z &&
+      previous.qw === q.w &&
+      frame.fovDeg === raw.fov &&
+      frame.viewportHeightPx === height &&
+      frame.pixelRatio === dpr
+    )
+      return frame;
+    raw.updateMatrixWorld();
+    const e = raw.matrixWorld.elements;
+    const position = frame.cameraPosition;
+    position.x = e[12];
+    position.y = e[13];
+    position.z = e[14];
+    const direction = frame.cameraDirection;
+    const length = Math.hypot(e[8], e[9], e[10]) || 1;
+    direction.x = -e[8] / length;
+    direction.y = -e[9] / length;
+    direction.z = -e[10] / length;
+    frame.cameraHeight =
+      Math.hypot(position.x, position.y, position.z) - EARTH_RADIUS_M;
+    frame.fovDeg = raw.fov;
+    frame.viewportHeightPx = height;
+    frame.pixelRatio = dpr;
+    previous.time = cacheable ? time : undefined;
+    previous.raw = raw;
+    previous.renderer = renderer;
+    previous.x = p.x;
+    previous.y = p.y;
+    previous.z = p.z;
+    previous.qx = q.x;
+    previous.qy = q.y;
+    previous.qz = q.z;
+    previous.qw = q.w;
+    return frame;
+  };
+}

src/globe/navara/movers/frameCamera.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { createMoverFrameCamera } from './frameCamera.js';
+
+function setup() {
+  let updates = 0;
+  const raw = {
+    position: { x: 6372000, y: 2, z: 3 },
+    quaternion: { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0, w: 1 },
+    scale: { x: 1, y: 1, z: 1 },
+    parent: null,
+    matrixAutoUpdate: true,
+    fov: 60,
+    matrixWorld: { elements: new Float64Array(16) },
+    updateMatrixWorld() {
+      updates++;
+      const e = this.matrixWorld.elements;
+      e[12] = this.position.x;
+      e[13] = this.position.y;
+      e[14] = this.position.z;
+      e[8] = 0;
+      e[9] = this.quaternion.y;
+      e[10] = 2;
+    },
+  };
+  const renderer = {
+    domElement: { clientHeight: 800 },
+    getPixelRatio: () => 1,
+  };
+  const ctx = { getRenderer: () => renderer };
+  const read = createMoverFrameCamera({ camera: { raw } });
+  return { read, raw, renderer, ctx, updates: () => updates };
+}
+
+test('mover sets share one matrix update in a frame and refresh next frame', () => {
+  const f = setup();
+  const first = f.read(f.ctx, 100);
+  for (let i = 0; i < 30; i++) assert.equal(f.read(f.ctx, 100), first);
+  assert.equal(f.updates(), 1);
+  assert.deepEqual(first.cameraDirection, { x: -0, y: -0, z: -1 });
+  assert.equal(first.cameraPosition.x, 6372000);
+  f.read(f.ctx, 101);
+  assert.equal(f.updates(), 2);
+});
+
+test('same-frame camera moves, rotations, resize and DPR never reuse stale data', () => {
+  const f = setup();
+  f.read(f.ctx, 100);
+  f.raw.position.x += 100;
+  assert.equal(f.read(f.ctx, 100).cameraPosition.x, 6372100);
+  f.raw.quaternion.y = 2;
+  assert.ok(
+    Math.abs(f.read(f.ctx, 100).cameraDirection.y + Math.SQRT1_2) < 1e-12,
+  );
+  f.renderer.domElement.clientHeight = 600;
+  assert.equal(f.read(f.ctx, 100).viewportHeightPx, 600);
+  f.renderer.getPixelRatio = () => 2;
+  assert.equal(f.read(f.ctx, 100).pixelRatio, 2);
+  assert.equal(f.updates(), 5);
+});
+
+test('missing frames and nonstandard camera transforms keep the uncached path', () => {
+  for (const modify of [
+    () => {},
+    (f) => {
+      f.raw.parent = {};
+    },
+    (f) => {
+      f.raw.matrixAutoUpdate = false;
+    },
+    (f) => {
+      f.raw.scale.x = 2;
+    },
+    (f) => {
+      f.raw.matrixWorldAutoUpdate = false;
+    },
+  ]) {
+    const f = setup();
+    modify(f);
+    const time =
+      f.raw.parent ||
+      !f.raw.matrixAutoUpdate ||
+      f.raw.scale.x !== 1 ||
+      f.raw.matrixWorldAutoUpdate === false
+        ? 100
+        : undefined;
+    f.read(f.ctx, time);
+    f.read(f.ctx, time);
+    assert.equal(f.updates(), 2);
+  }
+});
+
+test('a hidden canvas has no snapshot and independent views do not share scratch state', () => {
+  const a = setup(),
+    b = setup();
+  a.renderer.domElement.clientHeight = 0;
+  assert.equal(a.read(a.ctx, 100), null);
+  a.renderer.domElement.clientHeight = 800;
+  const first = a.read(a.ctx, 100);
+  b.raw.position.x += 900;
+  assert.notEqual(first, b.read(b.ctx, 100));
+  assert.equal(first.cameraPosition.x, 6372000);
+});

src/globe/navara/movers/index.js

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 // per set (moverMesh.js) in gev's overlay (overlay.js: drawn after tone
 // mapping, so their colours are exact); models are a Navara mesh descriptor
 // (public MeshDesc API) holding one InstancedMesh per glTF mesh
-// (modelMover.js), lit and graded like the scene. Pickable sets register a
+// (modelMover.js). In the cinematic look, depth stays in that scene and
+// lit model colour resolves in the display pass. Pickable sets register a
 // PickableInstancedMeshWrapper so Navara's pick pass sees each instance;
 // pickIds.js turns its batch ids back into instances. commit() uploads and
 // asks for one frame (view.forceUpdate); per-frame work runs only on frames
@@ -18,10 +19,10 @@ import { createMoverRegistry } from '../../movers.js';
 import { createModelMover } from './modelMover.js';
 import { createMoverMesh } from './moverMesh.js';
 import { createPickIndex } from './pickIds.js';
+import { createMoverFrameCamera } from './frameCamera.js';
 
 const DESC_NAME = 'gevMoverSet';
 const registered = new WeakSet();
-const EARTH_RADIUS_M = 6_371_000;
 
 class GevMoverSetDesc extends MeshDesc {
   constructor(view, ctx, config) {
@@ -50,15 +51,15 @@ class GevMoverSetDesc extends MeshDesc {
       if (this.destroyedByGev) return;
       mover.group.meshes.forEach((mesh, index) => {
         group.add(mesh);
-        register(mesh, `${this.id}#${index}`);
+        register(mover.group.pickMeshes[index], `${this.id}#${index}`);
       });
       this.view.forceUpdate();
     });
     return group;
   }
 
-  update() {
-    updateMover(this.view, this.ctx, this.gev.mover);
+  update(time) {
+    updateMover(this.gev.readFrameCamera, this.ctx, this.gev.mover, time);
   }
 
   onDestroy() {
@@ -69,53 +70,25 @@ class GevMoverSetDesc extends MeshDesc {
   }
 }
 
-// The camera a mover needs each drawn frame (scratch: no allocation).
-const frameCamera = {
-  cameraPosition: { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 },
-  cameraDirection: { x: 0, y: 0, z: -1 },
-  cameraHeight: 0,
-  fovDeg: 60,
-  viewportHeightPx: 0,
-  pixelRatio: 1,
-};
-function updateMover(view, ctx, mover) {
-  const raw = view.camera.raw;
-  const renderer = ctx?.getRenderer();
-  const height = renderer?.domElement.clientHeight;
-  if (!raw || !(height > 0)) return;
-  raw.updateMatrixWorld();
-  const e = raw.matrixWorld.elements;
-  const position = frameCamera.cameraPosition;
-  position.x = e[12];
-  position.y = e[13];
-  position.z = e[14];
-  // A three camera looks down its local −z.
-  const direction = frameCamera.cameraDirection;
-  const length = Math.hypot(e[8], e[9], e[10]) || 1;
-  direction.x = -e[8] / length;
-  direction.y = -e[9] / length;
-  direction.z = -e[10] / length;
-  frameCamera.cameraHeight =
-    Math.hypot(position.x, position.y, position.z) - EARTH_RADIUS_M;
-  frameCamera.fovDeg = raw.fov;
-  frameCamera.viewportHeightPx = height;
-  frameCamera.pixelRatio = renderer.getPixelRatio?.() ?? 1;
-  mover.update(frameCamera);
+function updateMover(readFrameCamera, ctx, mover, time) {
+  const camera = readFrameCamera(ctx, time);
+  if (camera) mover.update(camera);
 }
 
 /**
  * @param {object} view an initialised Navara ThreeView
- * @param {{ overlay: ReturnType<import('../overlay.js').createNavaraOverlay> }} ports
+ * @param {{ overlay: ReturnType<import('../overlay.js').createNavaraOverlay>, aces?: boolean }} ports
  * @returns {{ movers: import('../../contract.js').GlobeMovers,
  *   resolvePick: (batchId: number) => ({ set: string, instance: number, pickId: any } | null),
  *   destroy: () => void }}
  */
-export function createNavaraMovers(view, { overlay }) {
+export function createNavaraMovers(view, { overlay, aces = false }) {
   if (!registered.has(view)) {
     view.registerMesh(DESC_NAME, GevMoverSetDesc);
     registered.add(view);
   }
   const pickIndex = createPickIndex();
+  const readFrameCamera = createMoverFrameCamera(view);
   let loader = null;
   const loadGltf = (url) => {
     loader ??= createGltfLoader();
@@ -137,7 +110,9 @@ export function createNavaraMovers(view, { overlay }) {
       overlay.registerPickable(key, wrapper);
       pickIndex.add(options.id, wrapper, (index) => store.pickIds[index]);
     }
-    overlay.add(mover.mesh, () => updateMover(view, overlay.ctx, mover));
+    overlay.add(mover.mesh, (time) =>
+      updateMover(readFrameCamera, overlay.ctx, mover, time),
+    );
     return {
       ready: mover.ready,
       commit() {
@@ -158,10 +133,12 @@ export function createNavaraMovers(view, { overlay }) {
     const mover = createModelMover(options, store, {
       load: loadGltf,
       onLoad: request,
+      overlay: aces ? overlay : null,
     });
     const handle = view.addMesh({
       [DESC_NAME]: {
         mover,
+        readFrameCamera,
         kind: options.kind,
         pickable: options.pickable,
         onPickable: (wrapper) =>
@@ -178,6 +155,9 @@ export function createNavaraMovers(view, { overlay }) {
       destroy() {
         pickIndex.remove(options.id);
         handle.delete();
+        // A descriptor deleted before its first update may never own a mesh.
+        // Release the pending load as well; dispose is idempotent.
+        mover.dispose();
         request();
       },
     };

src/globe/navara/movers/modelMover.js

@@ -18,14 +18,12 @@ import {
   Vector3,
 } from 'three';
 import { footprintPerDepth, originFor } from './pack.js';
+import { createModelTint } from './modelTint.js';
 
 /**
- * Ambient light on the tinted surface, as an emissive share of it: Cesium
- * lights models with image-based lighting besides the sun, so a tinted
- * aircraft reads near-white at any sun angle; Navara's sky light alone left
- * them grey-brown at dawn. 0.5 matched Cesium's model luminance at the near
- * pose (qa-flights-engines --models=on: median 190 vs 193 on Cesium; 139
- * without it).
+ * Ambient share of the base surface: Cesium supplies image-based lighting
+ * besides the sun. Navara's sky light alone left it grey-brown at dawn.
+ * The instance colour is applied after lighting, independently of this share.
  */
 export const MODEL_AMBIENT = 0.5;
 
@@ -47,13 +45,12 @@ const scratchTranslation = new Vector3();
 const scratchScale = new Vector3();
 
 /**
- * Mixes the instance colour, decoded from sRGB (as Cesium takes colours;
- * the material works in linear), into the material's colour by uGevBlend (the
- * set's colorBlend, as Cesium's colorBlendAmount); the instance alpha is the
- * model's opacity (Cesium: a model colour's alpha makes it translucent; the
- * aircraft fade with distance through it), not a blend weight.
+ * Cesium's ModelFS applies modelColorStage after lightingStage in sRGB.
+ * Mix the lit output in that space, then return to linear for Navara's look.
+ * Alpha remains opacity before alpha testing, independently of the mix.
  */
-function blendInstanceColor(material, uniforms) {
+function blendInstanceColor(material, uniforms, displayTint) {
+  const alpha = 'diffuseColor.a *= vGevColor.a;';
   material.onBeforeCompile = (shader) => {
     Object.assign(shader.uniforms, uniforms);
     shader.vertexShader = shader.vertexShader
@@ -68,29 +65,36 @@ function blendInstanceColor(material, uniforms) {
     shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader
       .replace(
         'void main() {',
-        'uniform float uGevBlend;\nuniform float uGevAmbient;\nvarying vec4 vGevColor;\nvoid main() {',
+        `uniform float uGevBlend;\nuniform float uGevAmbient;\nvarying vec4 vGevColor;\nvoid main() {`,
       )
       .replace(
         '#include <emissivemap_fragment>',
         '#include <emissivemap_fragment>\ntotalEmissiveRadiance += diffuseColor.rgb * uGevAmbient;',
       )
+      .replace('#include <map_fragment>', `#include <map_fragment>\n${alpha}`)
       .replace(
-        '#include <map_fragment>',
-        '#include <map_fragment>\ndiffuseColor.rgb = mix(diffuseColor.rgb, sRGBTransferEOTF(vGevColor).rgb, uGevBlend);\ndiffuseColor.a *= vGevColor.a;',
+        '#include <opaque_fragment>',
+        `#include <opaque_fragment>\nif (!${displayTint} && uGevBlend > 0.0) {\nvec3 gevLitSrgb = sRGBTransferOETF(vec4(gl_FragColor.rgb, 1.0)).rgb;\nvec3 gevMixedColor = sRGBTransferEOTF(vec4(clamp(mix(gevLitSrgb, vGevColor.rgb, uGevBlend), 0.0, 1.0), 1.0)).rgb;\ngl_FragColor.rgb = gevMixedColor;\n}`,
       );
   };
-  material.customProgramCacheKey = () => 'gev-mover-model-blend';
+  material.customProgramCacheKey = () =>
+    `gev-mover-model-display-color-${displayTint ? 'overlay' : 'linear'}`;
 }
 
 /**
  * @param {object} options normalized model set options
  * @param {object} store the set's mover store
- * @param {{ load: (url: string) => Promise<{ scene: object }>, onLoad?: () => void }} ports
+ * @param {{ load: (url: string) => Promise<{ scene: object }>, onLoad?: () => void, overlay?: object }} ports
  */
-export function createModelMover(options, store, { load, onLoad = () => {} }) {
+export function createModelMover(
+  options,
+  store,
+  { load, onLoad = () => {}, overlay = null },
+) {
   const { capacity, model } = options;
   const uniforms = {
     uGevAmbient: { value: MODEL_AMBIENT },
+    uGevModelExposure: overlay?.uniforms.uGevModelExposure ?? { value: 1 },
     uGevBlend: {
       value: model.colorBlend
         ? model.colorBlend.mode === 'replace'
@@ -109,6 +113,13 @@ export function createModelMover(options, store, { load, onLoad = () => {} }) {
   let disposed = false;
   const colorAttributes = [];
   const materials = [];
+  // GLTFLoader returns a fresh asset per load. Cloned materials still share
+  // its textures; Material.dispose() does not release their GPU allocations.
+  const textures = new Set();
+  const disposeTextures = () => {
+    for (const texture of textures) texture.dispose();
+    textures.clear();
+  };
   // Each instance's drawn diameter (px) at its last write (CPU picks).
   const drawnPx = new Float32Array(capacity);
   // Translucent only while an instance is faded (opaque models keep the
@@ -175,18 +186,41 @@ export function createModelMover(options, store, { load, onLoad = () => {} }) {
           index * 4,
         );
     }
-    for (const { mesh } of parts) {
+    for (const { mesh, tint } of parts) {
+      if (tint) {
+        tint.count = store.count;
+        tint.visible = store.count > 0;
+      }
       mesh.count = store.count;
+      mesh.visible = store.count > 0;
       mesh.instanceMatrix.needsUpdate = true;
     }
     for (const attribute of colorAttributes) attribute.needsUpdate = true;
     syncTransparency();
   };
 
-  const group = { meshes: [], ready: null };
-  group.ready = load(model.url).then((gltf) => {
-    if (disposed) return;
+  const group = { meshes: [], pickMeshes: [], ready: null };
+  const asset = load(model.url).catch(() => {
+    // A missing asset keeps the layer's glyph fallback. Do not leak the
+    // rejected loader promise (or its URL) through descriptor creation.
+    if (!disposed) console.warn('[globe] Model asset unavailable');
+    return null;
+  });
+  group.ready = asset.then((gltf) => {
+    if (!gltf) return;
     const root = gltf.scene;
+    root.traverse((child) => {
+      for (const material of Array.isArray(child.material)
+        ? child.material
+        : [child.material])
+        if (material)
+          for (const value of Object.values(material))
+            if (value?.isTexture) textures.add(value);
+    });
+    if (disposed) {
+      disposeTextures();
+      return;
+    }
     root.updateMatrixWorld(true);
     const sphere = new Box3()
       .setFromObject(root)
@@ -201,8 +235,7 @@ export function createModelMover(options, store, { load, onLoad = () => {} }) {
           color: material.color,
         });
       else material = material.clone();
-      blendInstanceColor(material, uniforms);
-      materials.push(material);
+      blendInstanceColor(material, uniforms, Boolean(overlay));
       const geometry = child.geometry.clone();
       const color = new InstancedBufferAttribute(
         new Float32Array(capacity * 4).fill(1),
@@ -216,21 +249,37 @@ export function createModelMover(options, store, { load, onLoad = () => {} }) {
       mesh.frustumCulled = false;
       mesh.renderOrder = options.order;
       mesh.count = 0;
-      parts.push({ mesh, local: child.matrixWorld.clone() });
+      mesh.visible = false;
+      const tint = overlay
+        ? createModelTint(mesh, uniforms, overlay.uniforms)
+        : null;
+      if (tint) {
+        // Still present in the scene depth and GPU pick registry. Only colour
+        // moves to the display pass, where it is toned before raster resolve.
+        material.colorWrite = false;
+        overlay.add(tint);
+      }
+      materials.push(material);
+      if (tint) materials.push(tint.material);
+      parts.push({ mesh, tint, local: child.matrixWorld.clone() });
       group.meshes.push(mesh);
+      group.pickMeshes.push(tint ?? mesh);
     });
     loaded = true;
     if (origin)
-      for (const { mesh } of parts)
+      for (const { mesh, tint } of parts) {
         mesh.position.set(origin.x, origin.y, origin.z);
+        tint?.position.copy(mesh.position);
+      }
     write(0, store.count);
     onLoad(group.meshes);
   });
 
   const placeAt = (next) => {
     origin = { x: next.x, y: next.y, z: next.z };
-    for (const { mesh } of parts) {
+    for (const { mesh, tint } of parts) {
       mesh.position.set(origin.x, origin.y, origin.z);
+      tint?.position.copy(mesh.position);
       mesh.updateMatrix();
       mesh.updateMatrixWorld(true);
     }
@@ -258,7 +307,15 @@ export function createModelMover(options, store, { load, onLoad = () => {} }) {
           z: store.positions[2],
         });
       if (range) write(range.from, Math.min(range.to, store.count));
-      for (const { mesh } of parts) mesh.count = store.count;
+      for (const { mesh, tint } of parts) {
+        if (tint) {
+          tint.count = store.count;
+          tint.visible = store.count > 0;
+        }
+        mesh.count = store.count;
+        // Retained empty banks must also skip three's material/uniform work.
+        mesh.visible = store.count > 0;
+      }
     },
     /** Each drawn frame: pixel limits need every instance rewritten. */
     update({
@@ -278,12 +335,19 @@ export function createModelMover(options, store, { load, onLoad = () => {} }) {
       return true;
     },
     dispose() {
+      if (disposed) return;
       disposed = true;
-      for (const { mesh } of parts) {
+      for (const { mesh, tint } of parts) {
+        if (tint) {
+          overlay.remove(tint);
+          tint.material.dispose();
+          tint.dispose();
+        }
         mesh.geometry.dispose();
         mesh.material.dispose();
         mesh.dispose?.();
       }
+      disposeTextures();
     },
   };
 }

src/globe/navara/movers/modelMover.test.mjs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   Mesh,
   MeshStandardMaterial,
   Vector3,
+  Texture,
 } from 'three';
 import { createMoverStore, normalizeMoverSetOptions } from '../../movers.js';
 import { createModelMover, modelPixelDistance } from './modelMover.js';
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ test('a far model keeps its minimum pixel size', async () => {
   assert.equal(mover.pickRadiusPx(1), null);
 });
 
-test("the instance colour (sRGB, decoded) tints by the set's blend amount; its alpha is opacity, as Cesium's model colour", async () => {
+test("the instance colour mixes after lighting in sRGB, as Cesium's model colour", async () => {
   const store = createMoverStore(options);
   const mover = createModelMover(options, store, {
     load: async () => fakeGltf(),
@@ -108,14 +109,22 @@ test("the instance colour (sRGB, decoded) tints by the set's blend amount; its a
     uniforms: {},
     vertexShader: 'void main() {\n#include <begin_vertex>\n}',
     fragmentShader:
-      'void main() {\n#include <map_fragment>\n#include <emissivemap_fragment>\n}',
+      'void main() {\n#include <map_fragment>\n#include <emissivemap_fragment>\n#include <opaque_fragment>\n}',
   };
   mesh.material.onBeforeCompile(shader);
+  assert.match(shader.fragmentShader, /diffuseColor\.a \*= vGevColor\.a;/);
+  // Cesium ModelFS runs modelColorStage after lightingStage, in sRGB.
+  assert.match(shader.fragmentShader, /vec3 gevLitSrgb = sRGBTransferOETF/);
   assert.match(
     shader.fragmentShader,
-    /diffuseColor\.rgb = mix\(diffuseColor\.rgb, sRGBTransferEOTF\(vGevColor\)\.rgb, uGevBlend\);\s*diffuseColor\.a \*= vGevColor\.a;/,
+    /mix\(gevLitSrgb, vGevColor\.rgb, uGevBlend\)/,
   );
-  // Ambient light on the tinted surface (Cesium's image-based lighting).
+  assert.ok(
+    shader.fragmentShader.indexOf('vec3 gevLitSrgb') >
+      shader.fragmentShader.indexOf('#include <opaque_fragment>'),
+  );
+  assert.doesNotMatch(shader.fragmentShader, /diffuseColor\.rgb = mix/);
+  // Ambient light belongs to the original surface before the colour mix.
   assert.match(
     shader.fragmentShader,
     /totalEmissiveRadiance \+= diffuseColor\.rgb \* uGevAmbient;/,
@@ -134,3 +143,183 @@ test("the minimum pixel size is taken at Cesium's distance: view depth less the
   assert.equal(modelPixelDistance(0, 0, -10, ahead, 30), 0);
   assert.equal(modelPixelDistance(4000, 0, -3000, null, 0), 5000);
 });
+
+test('disposing a model releases shared textures once, as well as each instanced mesh', async () => {
+  const gltf = fakeGltf();
+  const texture = new Texture();
+  gltf.scene.children[0].material.map = texture;
+  const second = gltf.scene.children[0].clone();
+  gltf.scene.add(second);
+  let released = 0;
+  texture.addEventListener('dispose', () => released++);
+  const mover = createModelMover(options, createMoverStore(options), {
+    load: async () => gltf,
+  });
+  await mover.group.ready;
+  let geometries = 0,
+    materials = 0;
+  for (const mesh of mover.group.meshes) {
+    mesh.geometry.addEventListener('dispose', () => geometries++);
+    mesh.material.addEventListener('dispose', () => materials++);
+  }
+  assert.equal(released, 0, 'textures remain live while the model draws');
+  mover.dispose();
+  mover.dispose();
+  assert.equal(released, 1);
+  assert.equal(geometries, 2);
+  assert.equal(materials, 2);
+});
+
+test('a model removed before its load completes releases the arriving textures', async () => {
+  let finish;
+  const gltf = fakeGltf();
+  const texture = new Texture();
+  gltf.scene.children[0].material.map = texture;
+  let released = 0,
+    loaded = 0;
+  texture.addEventListener('dispose', () => released++);
+  const mover = createModelMover(options, createMoverStore(options), {
+    load: () =>
+      new Promise((resolve) => {
+        finish = resolve;
+      }),
+    onLoad: () => loaded++,
+  });
+  mover.dispose();
+  finish(gltf);
+  await mover.group.ready;
+  assert.equal(released, 1);
+  assert.equal(loaded, 0);
+  assert.equal(mover.ready(), false);
+  assert.equal(mover.group.meshes.length, 0);
+});
+
+test('a failed model load stays not-ready without an unhandled rejection or leaking the URL', async (t) => {
+  const warnings = [];
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', (message) => warnings.push(message));
+  const mover = createModelMover(options, createMoverStore(options), {
+    load: async () => {
+      throw new Error('unavailable asset URL');
+    },
+  });
+  await mover.group.ready;
+  assert.equal(mover.ready(), false);
+  assert.equal(mover.group.meshes.length, 0);
+  assert.deepEqual(warnings, ['[globe] Model asset unavailable']);
+  mover.dispose();
+});
+
+test('an empty retained model bank leaves the render traversal and restores its cached instances', async () => {
+  const store = createMoverStore(options);
+  const mover = createModelMover(options, store, {
+    load: async () => fakeGltf(),
+  });
+  await mover.group.ready;
+  const [mesh] = mover.group.meshes;
+  assert.equal(mesh.visible, false, 'loaded before its first instance');
+  store.set(0, { position: { x: 6378137, y: 0, z: 0 } });
+  store.setCount(1);
+  mover.commit(store.dirty());
+  store.clean();
+  assert.equal(mesh.visible, true);
+  const before = mesh.instanceMatrix.array.slice();
+  store.setCount(0);
+  mover.commit(store.dirty());
+  store.clean();
+  assert.equal(mesh.visible, false);
+  assert.equal(mover.ready(), true, 'the asset remains cached');
+  store.setCount(1);
+  mover.commit(store.dirty());
+  assert.equal(mesh.visible, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(mesh.instanceMatrix.array, before);
+  mover.dispose();
+});
+
+test('display tint shares transforms, preserves fade opacity and leaves no overlay resource after destruction', async () => {
+  const children = new Set();
+  const overlay = {
+    uniforms: {
+      tGevSceneDepth: { value: null },
+      uGevResolution: { value: [1280, 800] },
+    },
+    add: (mesh) => children.add(mesh),
+    remove: (mesh) => children.delete(mesh),
+  };
+  const store = createMoverStore(options);
+  const mover = createModelMover(options, store, {
+    load: async () => fakeGltf(),
+    overlay,
+  });
+  store.set(0, {
+    position: { x: 6378137, y: 0, z: 0 },
+    color: [1, 0.2, 0.6, 0.4],
+  });
+  store.setCount(1);
+  mover.commit(store.dirty());
+  await mover.group.ready;
+  const [base] = mover.group.meshes;
+  const [tint] = children;
+  assert.equal(tint.geometry, base.geometry);
+  assert.equal(tint.instanceMatrix, base.instanceMatrix);
+  assert.deepEqual(tint.position, base.position);
+  assert.equal(tint.count, 1);
+  assert.equal(tint.material.toneMapped, false);
+  assert.equal(tint.material.depthWrite, false);
+  const shader = {
+    uniforms: {},
+    vertexShader: 'void main() {\n#include <begin_vertex>\n}',
+    fragmentShader:
+      'void main() {\n#include <logdepthbuf_fragment>\n#include <opaque_fragment>\n}',
+  };
+  tint.material.onBeforeCompile(shader);
+  assert.equal(shader.uniforms.tGevSceneDepth, overlay.uniforms.tGevSceneDepth);
+  assert.match(shader.fragmentShader, /if \(gevOverlayHidden\(\)\) discard/);
+  assert.match(
+    shader.fragmentShader,
+    /mix\(gevLitSrgb, vGevColor.rgb, uGevBlend\)/,
+  );
+  assert.equal(base.material.colorWrite, false);
+  assert.equal(
+    mover.group.pickMeshes[0],
+    tint,
+    'GPU picking keeps its color-writing material',
+  );
+  store.setCount(0);
+  mover.commit(store.dirty());
+  assert.equal(tint.count, 0);
+  assert.equal(tint.visible, false);
+  let disposed = 0;
+  tint.material.addEventListener('dispose', () => disposed++);
+  mover.dispose();
+  mover.dispose();
+  assert.equal(disposed, 1);
+  assert.equal(children.size, 0);
+});
+
+test('the display pass preserves unlit model colour without a lighting tone curve', async () => {
+  const children = new Set();
+  const overlay = {
+    uniforms: {},
+    add: (mesh) => children.add(mesh),
+    remove: (mesh) => children.delete(mesh),
+  };
+  const spec = { ...options, model: { ...options.model, unlit: true } };
+  const mover = createModelMover(spec, createMoverStore(spec), {
+    load: async () => fakeGltf(),
+    overlay,
+  });
+  await mover.group.ready;
+  const [mesh] = children;
+  assert.equal(mesh.material.isMeshBasicMaterial, true);
+  const shader = {
+    uniforms: {},
+    vertexShader: 'void main() {\n#include <begin_vertex>\n}',
+    fragmentShader: 'void main() {\n#include <opaque_fragment>\n}',
+  };
+  mesh.material.onBeforeCompile(shader);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(
+    shader.fragmentShader,
+    /gevModelAces\(gl_FragColor.rgb\)/,
+  );
+  mover.dispose();
+});

src/globe/navara/movers/modelTint.js

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// Models use the scene's depth, but their lit display colour is resolved after
+// the view's HDR effects. This keeps MSAA from spreading HDR tint into edges.
+import { InstancedMesh } from 'three';
+import { OVERLAY_DEPTH_FRAGMENT } from '../overlayDepth.js';
+
+// three's pinned ACESFilmicToneMapping, with the view's public exposure.
+const ACES = `
+uniform float uGevModelExposure;
+vec3 gevModelAces(vec3 color) {
+  const mat3 inputMatrix = mat3(0.59719,0.076,0.0284, 0.35458,0.90834,0.13383, 0.04823,0.01566,0.83777);
+  const mat3 outputMatrix = mat3(1.60475,-0.10208,-0.00327, -0.53108,1.10813,-0.07276, -0.07367,-0.00605,1.07602);
+  color = inputMatrix * (color * uGevModelExposure / 0.6);
+  color = (color * (color + 0.0245786) - 0.000090537) /
+    (color * (0.983729 * color + 0.432951) + 0.238081);
+  return clamp(outputMatrix * color, 0.0, 1.0);
+}
+`;
+
+export function createModelTint(mesh, uniforms, overlayUniforms) {
+  const material = mesh.material.clone();
+  material.depthTest = false;
+  material.depthWrite = false;
+  material.toneMapped = false;
+  const lit = material.isMeshBasicMaterial
+    ? 'gl_FragColor.rgb'
+    : 'gevModelAces(gl_FragColor.rgb)';
+  material.onBeforeCompile = (shader) => {
+    Object.assign(shader.uniforms, uniforms, overlayUniforms, {
+      uGevDepthMode: { value: 1 },
+    });
+    shader.vertexShader = shader.vertexShader
+      .replace(
+        'void main() {',
+        'attribute vec4 gevColor;\nvarying vec4 vGevColor;\nvarying float vGevDepthFree;\nvoid main() {',
+      )
+      .replace(
+        '#include <begin_vertex>',
+        '#include <begin_vertex>\nvGevColor = gevColor;\nvGevDepthFree = 0.0;',
+      );
+    shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader
+      .replace(
+        'void main() {',
+        `uniform float uGevBlend;\nuniform float uGevAmbient;\nvarying vec4 vGevColor;\n${ACES}\n${OVERLAY_DEPTH_FRAGMENT}\nvoid main() {`,
+      )
+      .replace(
+        '#include <logdepthbuf_fragment>',
+        '#include <logdepthbuf_fragment>\nif (gevOverlayHidden()) discard;',
+      )
+      .replace(
+        '#include <map_fragment>',
+        '#include <map_fragment>\ndiffuseColor.a *= vGevColor.a;',
+      )
+      .replace(
+        '#include <emissivemap_fragment>',
+        '#include <emissivemap_fragment>\ntotalEmissiveRadiance += diffuseColor.rgb * uGevAmbient;',
+      )
+      .replace(
+        '#include <opaque_fragment>',
+        `#include <opaque_fragment>\nvec3 gevLitSrgb = sRGBTransferOETF(vec4(${lit}, 1.0)).rgb;\ngl_FragColor.rgb = sRGBTransferEOTF(vec4(mix(gevLitSrgb, vGevColor.rgb, uGevBlend), 1.0)).rgb;`,
+      );
+  };
+  material.customProgramCacheKey = () => 'gev-model-lit-display-color';
+  const tint = new InstancedMesh(
+    mesh.geometry,
+    material,
+    mesh.instanceMatrix.count,
+  );
+  tint.userData.gevModelTint = true;
+  tint.instanceMatrix = mesh.instanceMatrix;
+  tint.frustumCulled = false;
+  tint.renderOrder = mesh.renderOrder;
+  return tint;
+}

src/globe/navara/overlay.js

@@ -1,44 +1,26 @@
 // gev's screen overlays on Navara: sprites, points and lines (engine.movers
-// and engine.lines) drawn into the frame after Navara's tone mapping and
-// before its anti-aliasing (SMAA/FXAA) and the gev sharpening, so their
+// and engine.lines) drawn into the frame after Navara's tone mapping,
+// anti-aliasing (SMAA/FXAA) and the gev sharpening, so their
 // colours are the colours asked for (as Cesium draws billboards and
 // polylines), not tone-mapped or graded with the look. A public Navara
 // EffectDesc whose pass renders one three scene over the input buffer; the
 // post-processing chain has no depth buffer, so each overlay material tests
 // the scene depth from Navara's MRT pass itself (overlayDepth.js). The
-// pass costs nothing while the scene is empty. Models stay in Navara's
-// scene, lit and graded like the 3D tiles.
+// pass costs nothing while no geometry is visible. Models retain scene
+// depth; their lit display colour is resolved here so HDR effects and MSAA
+// cannot spread a tint into neighbouring pixels.
 
 import { EffectDesc, Pass as NavaraPass } from '@navaramap/three';
-import { Pass } from 'postprocessing';
+import { GevOverlayPass } from './overlayPass.js';
 import { RGBADepthPacking, Scene } from 'three';
 
 export const OVERLAY_EFFECT_KEY = 'gevOverlay';
 
-class GevOverlayPass extends Pass {
-  constructor(scene, camera, overlay) {
-    super('GevOverlayPass', scene, camera);
-    this.needsSwap = false;
-    this.overlay = overlay;
-  }
-
-  render(renderer, inputBuffer) {
-    if (!this.scene.children.length) return;
-    const resolution = this.overlay.uniforms.uGevResolution.value;
-    resolution[0] = inputBuffer?.width ?? 0;
-    resolution[1] = inputBuffer?.height ?? 0;
-    const autoClear = renderer.autoClear;
-    renderer.autoClear = false;
-    renderer.setRenderTarget(this.renderToScreen ? null : inputBuffer);
-    renderer.render(this.scene, this.camera);
-    renderer.autoClear = autoClear;
-  }
-}
-
 class GevOverlayEffectDesc extends EffectDesc {
   static key = OVERLAY_EFFECT_KEY;
-  static insertAfter = ['toneMapping'];
-  static insertBefore = ['gevSharpen', 'smaa', 'fxaa', 'final'];
+  // Navara takes the first existing anchor, so the latest pass comes first.
+  static insertAfter = ['fxaa', 'smaa', 'gevSharpen', 'toneMapping'];
+  static insertBefore = ['final'];
 
   constructor(view, ctx, config) {
     super(view, ctx, config);
@@ -77,11 +59,14 @@ export function createNavaraOverlay(view) {
   view.registerEffect(OVERLAY_EFFECT_KEY, GevOverlayEffectDesc);
   const scene = new Scene();
   const frameHooks = new Map();
+  const lights = new Map();
   let ctx = null;
   const pendingPicks = new Map();
   const overlay = {
     scene,
+    modelTints: new Set(),
     uniforms: {
+      uGevModelExposure: { value: 1 },
       tGevSceneDepth: { value: null },
       uGevResolution: { value: [0, 0] },
     },
@@ -91,7 +76,42 @@ export function createNavaraOverlay(view) {
         ctx.registerPickableMesh(key, wrapper);
       pendingPicks.clear();
     },
+    hasDrawables() {
+      for (const child of scene.children)
+        if (
+          !child.isLight &&
+          child.visible &&
+          (child.count === undefined || child.count > 0)
+        )
+          return true;
+      return false;
+    },
     beforeFrame(time) {
+      overlay.uniforms.uGevModelExposure.value = view.toneMappingExposure ?? 1;
+      // Public descriptor lights are copied, never reparented from Navara.
+      if (overlay.modelTints.size && ctx) {
+        for (const light of ctx.scenes.light.children) {
+          if (!light.isLight) continue;
+          let copy = lights.get(light);
+          if (!copy) {
+            copy = light.clone(false);
+            copy.castShadow = false;
+            copy.matrixAutoUpdate = false;
+            lights.set(light, copy);
+            scene.add(copy);
+          }
+          copy.color.copy(light.color);
+          copy.intensity = light.intensity;
+          copy.matrix.copy(light.matrixWorld);
+          copy.sh?.copy(light.sh);
+          copy.groundColor?.copy(light.groundColor);
+          if (copy.target && light.target) {
+            copy.target.matrixAutoUpdate = false;
+            copy.target.matrix.copy(light.target.matrixWorld);
+            copy.target.updateMatrixWorld(true);
+          }
+        }
+      }
       for (const hook of frameHooks.values()) hook(time);
     },
     get ctx() {
@@ -107,10 +127,12 @@ export function createNavaraOverlay(view) {
     uniforms: overlay.uniforms,
     add(object, onFrame) {
       scene.add(object);
+      if (object.userData.gevModelTint) overlay.modelTints.add(object);
       if (onFrame) frameHooks.set(object, onFrame);
     },
     remove(object) {
       scene.remove(object);
+      overlay.modelTints.delete(object);
       frameHooks.delete(object);
     },
     registerPickable(key, wrapper) {
@@ -127,6 +149,9 @@ export function createNavaraOverlay(view) {
     destroy() {
       handle.delete();
       scene.clear();
+      overlay.modelTints.clear();
+      for (const light of lights.values()) light.dispose?.();
+      lights.clear();
       frameHooks.clear();
     },
   };

src/globe/navara/overlayPass.js

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { Pass } from 'postprocessing';
+
+export class GevOverlayPass extends Pass {
+  constructor(scene, camera, overlay) {
+    super('GevOverlayPass', scene, camera);
+    this.needsSwap = false;
+    this.overlay = overlay;
+  }
+  render(renderer, inputBuffer) {
+    if (!this.overlay.hasDrawables()) return;
+    const resolution = this.overlay.uniforms.uGevResolution.value;
+    resolution[0] = inputBuffer?.width ?? 0;
+    resolution[1] = inputBuffer?.height ?? 0;
+    const autoClear = renderer.autoClear;
+    renderer.autoClear = false;
+    try {
+      renderer.setRenderTarget(this.renderToScreen ? null : inputBuffer);
+      renderer.render(this.scene, this.camera);
+    } finally {
+      renderer.autoClear = autoClear;
+    }
+  }
+}

src/globe/navara/overlayPass.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { Scene, PerspectiveCamera } from 'three';
+import { GevOverlayPass } from './overlayPass.js';
+test('overlay draws in place only with visible objects and restores renderer state on failure', () => {
+  let active = false;
+  const overlay = {
+    hasDrawables: () => active,
+    uniforms: { uGevResolution: { value: [0, 0] } },
+  };
+  const pass = new GevOverlayPass(
+    new Scene(),
+    new PerspectiveCamera(),
+    overlay,
+  );
+  const input = { width: 1280, height: 800 };
+  let target,
+    renders = 0;
+  const renderer = {
+    autoClear: true,
+    setRenderTarget: (value) => {
+      target = value;
+    },
+    render: () => {
+      renders++;
+    },
+  };
+  pass.render(renderer, input);
+  assert.equal(renders, 0);
+  active = true;
+  pass.render(renderer, input);
+  assert.equal(target, input);
+  assert.equal(renders, 1);
+  assert.equal(pass.needsSwap, false);
+  assert.equal(renderer.autoClear, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(overlay.uniforms.uGevResolution.value, [1280, 800]);
+  renderer.render = () => {
+    throw new Error('render failed');
+  };
+  assert.throws(() => pass.render(renderer, input), /render failed/);
+  assert.equal(renderer.autoClear, true);
+  pass.dispose();
+});

src/globe/navara/sharpen.js

@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ class UnsharpMaskEffect extends Effect {
 /** config.gevSharpen: { amount } (Cesium's `amount` uniform). */
 export class SharpenEffectDesc extends EffectDesc {
   static key = SHARPEN_EFFECT_KEY;
-  static insertAfter = ['gevOverlay', 'toneMapping'];
-  static insertBefore = ['smaa', 'fxaa', 'final'];
+  static insertAfter = ['toneMapping'];
+  static insertBefore = ['smaa', 'fxaa', 'gevOverlay', 'final'];
 
   constructor(view, ctx, config) {
     super(view, ctx, config);

src/globe/navara/viewOptions.js

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export function resolveNavaraLook(search = '') {
 }
 
 // postprocessing's ToneMappingMode.ACES_FILMIC (Navara's default is AGX, 7).
-const ACES_FILMIC = 6;
+export const ACES_FILMIC = 6;
 
 // Camera heights (m) where the cinematic look switches the globe to
 // atmosphere lighting (night side and terminator) and back. The gap keeps a

src/layers/aircraft/qaDrawn.js

@@ -26,6 +26,12 @@ export function aircraftQaDrawn(state) {
       width: sprite.width,
       show: sprite.show,
       rotation: sprite.rotation,
+      trackedRotation:
+        id === state._trackedIcao
+          ? (state._trackedEntity?.rotation ??
+            state._lastTrackedRotation ??
+            null)
+          : null,
       alpha: sprite.color?.alpha ?? null,
       position: sprite.position
         ? {
@@ -43,6 +49,7 @@ export function aircraftQaDrawn(state) {
             ready: model.ready,
             // Where it is drawn: its transform's translation.
             position: translationOf(model.modelMatrix),
+            matrix: model.modelMatrix ? Array.from(model.modelMatrix) : null,
           }
         : null,
     });
@@ -56,6 +63,7 @@ export function aircraftQaDrawn(state) {
         scale: tracked.scale,
         show: tracked.show,
         ready: tracked.ready,
+        matrix: tracked.modelMatrix ? Array.from(tracked.modelMatrix) : null,
       },
     });
   return out;

src/layers/aircraft/qaDrawn.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { aircraftQaDrawn } from './qaDrawn.js';
+
+for (const native of [false, true]) {
+  test(`heading probe copies model transforms and reads tracked glyph (${native ? 'native' : 'engine'})`, () => {
+    const matrix = Float64Array.from({ length: 16 }, (_, i) => i);
+    const sprite = {
+      position: { x: 1, y: 2, z: 3 },
+      rotation: 0.4,
+      show: false,
+    };
+    const model = { modelMatrix: matrix, show: true, ready: true };
+    const state = {
+      _billboards: new Map([['a', sprite]]),
+      _models: new Map([['a', model]]),
+      _trackedIcao: 'a',
+      _lastTrackedRotation: 0.7,
+      _trackedModel: model,
+      _trackedEntity: native
+        ? {
+            billboard: {
+              rotation: {
+                getValue: () => {
+                  throw new Error(
+                    'Probe must not evaluate a reactive property',
+                  );
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          }
+        : { rotation: 0.7 },
+    };
+    const [fleet, tracked] = aircraftQaDrawn(state);
+    assert.equal(fleet.trackedRotation, 0.7);
+    assert.equal(fleet.rotation, 0.4);
+    assert.equal(tracked.model.matrix[12], 12);
+    fleet.model.matrix[12] = -1;
+    tracked.model.matrix[12] = -2;
+    assert.equal(matrix[12], 12);
+    assert.equal(aircraftQaDrawn(state)[1].model.matrix[12], 12);
+  });
+}

src/layers/aircraft/render/navara.js

@@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ const fieldsNoPick = {
   show: undefined,
 };
 const scratchColor = new Float64Array(4);
+// Sprite setters write synchronously into the mover store; reuse their
+// field records rather than allocating one per contact and assignment.
+const spritePositionField = { position: null };
+const spriteShowField = { show: true };
+const spriteRotationField = { rotation: 0 };
+const spriteScaleField = { scale: 1 };
+const spriteColorField = { color: scratchColor };
 function writeFields(set, index, fields) {
   const scratch = fieldsNoPick;
   for (const key in fields) scratch[key] = fields[key];
@@ -371,7 +378,8 @@ export function createAircraftNavaraRenderer({
 
     set position(value) {
       geo.cartesian3.clone(value, this._position);
-      this.write({ position: this._position });
+      spritePositionField.position = this._position;
+      this.write(spritePositionField);
     }
 
     get show() {
@@ -379,8 +387,11 @@ export function createAircraftNavaraRenderer({
     }
 
     set show(value) {
-      this._show = value !== false;
-      this.write({ show: this._show });
+      const next = value !== false;
+      if (next === this._show) return;
+      this._show = next;
+      spriteShowField.show = next;
+      this.write(spriteShowField);
     }
 
     get rotation() {
@@ -388,8 +399,10 @@ export function createAircraftNavaraRenderer({
     }
 
     set rotation(value) {
+      if (value === this._rotation) return;
       this._rotation = value;
-      this.write({ rotation: value });
+      spriteRotationField.rotation = value;
+      this.write(spriteRotationField);
     }
 
     get scale() {
@@ -397,8 +410,10 @@ export function createAircraftNavaraRenderer({
     }
 
     set scale(value) {
+      if (value === this._scale) return;
       this._scale = value;
-      this.write({ scale: this.drawnScale() });
+      spriteScaleField.scale = this.drawnScale();
+      this.write(spriteScaleField);
     }
 
     get width() {
@@ -406,8 +421,10 @@ export function createAircraftNavaraRenderer({
     }
 
     set width(value) {
+      if (value === this._width) return;
       this._width = value;
-      this.write({ scale: this.drawnScale() });
+      spriteScaleField.scale = this.drawnScale();
+      this.write(spriteScaleField);
     }
 
     get height() {
@@ -423,8 +440,17 @@ export function createAircraftNavaraRenderer({
     }
 
     set color(value) {
+      if (
+        value !== this._color &&
+        (value?.red ?? 1) === this._color.red &&
+        (value?.green ?? 1) === this._color.green &&
+        (value?.blue ?? 1) === this._color.blue &&
+        (value?.alpha ?? 1) === this._color.alpha
+      )
+        return;
       this._color = new StoredColor(value);
-      this.write({ color: rgbaOf(this._color) });
+      rgbaOf(this._color);
+      this.write(spriteColorField);
     }
 
     get image() {

src/layers/aircraft/render/navara.test.mjs

@@ -293,3 +293,59 @@ test('trails are engine lines in the trail pick namespace; the head follows each
   renderer.destroy();
   engine.destroy();
 });
+
+test('unchanged sprite style does not upload or request another frame', async () => {
+  const { engine, renderer } = await setup();
+  const sprite = renderer.fleet.add({
+    id: 'same',
+    position: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(0, 0, 1000),
+    image: aircraftIcon('light'),
+  });
+  await Promise.resolve();
+  const [listed] = setsOf(engine, 'flights-sprites');
+  const part = engine.fake.moverSet(listed.id);
+  const before = part.commits;
+  const color = sprite.color;
+  for (let n = 0; n < 1000; n++) {
+    sprite.show = true;
+    sprite.rotation = 0;
+    sprite.scale = 1;
+    sprite.width = 20;
+    sprite.color = WHITE;
+  }
+  await Promise.resolve();
+  assert.equal(part.commits, before);
+  assert.equal(sprite.color, color);
+  renderer.destroy();
+  engine.destroy();
+});
+
+test('reused sprite field records are copied, including a mutated color getter', async () => {
+  const { engine, renderer } = await setup();
+  const a = renderer.fleet.add({
+    id: 'a',
+    position: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(0, 0, 1000),
+    image: aircraftIcon('light'),
+  });
+  const b = renderer.fleet.add({
+    id: 'b',
+    position: a.position,
+    image: aircraftIcon('light'),
+  });
+  await Promise.resolve();
+  const [listed] = setsOf(engine, 'flights-sprites');
+  const { store } = engine.fake.moverSet(listed.id);
+  const position = geo.cartesian3.create(7, 8, 9);
+  a.position = position;
+  position.x = 20;
+  b.position = position;
+  a.color.alpha = 0.25;
+  a.color = a.color;
+  b.color = WHITE.withAlpha(0.75);
+  await Promise.resolve();
+  assert.deepEqual([...store.positions.subarray(0, 6)], [7, 8, 9, 20, 8, 9]);
+  assert.equal(store.colors[3], 0.25);
+  assert.equal(store.colors[7], 0.75);
+  renderer.destroy();
+  engine.destroy();
+});

src/layers/flights/tracking.js

@@ -1048,7 +1048,11 @@ export function createTracking({
     } else if (flightState._renderer.fleet.visible()) {
       // Fire-and-forget refresh; only while the layer is actually enabled.
       // The query reads the renderer's camera (no viewer argument needed).
-      void flightsLayer.update(null);
+      void flightsLayer.update(null).catch((error) => {
+        // This refresh has no lifecycle-manager caller. Disabling flights
+        // cancels it locally; retain visibility of unexpected failures.
+        if (error?.name !== 'AbortError') console.error(error);
+      });
     }
   }
 

src/layers/flights/trackingRefresh.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { createTracking } from './tracking.js';
+
+function handoff(update) {
+  return createTracking({
+    flightState: {
+      _renderer: { fleet: { attached: () => true, visible: () => true } },
+    },
+    services: Object.fromEntries(
+      [
+        'context',
+        'aircraftPresentation',
+        'geoid',
+        'groundFloor',
+        'focus',
+        'militaryRegistry',
+        'readout',
+        'selection',
+      ].map((name) => [name, {}]),
+    ),
+    parts: {},
+    layer: { update },
+  });
+}
+
+test('a military-off refresh owns cancellation when flights are disabled before it settles', async (t) => {
+  const errors = [];
+  t.mock.method(console, 'error', (error) => errors.push(error));
+  let reject,
+    calls = 0;
+  const tracking = handoff(() => {
+    calls++;
+    return new Promise((_resolve, fail) => {
+      reject = fail;
+    });
+  });
+  tracking._onMilitaryActiveChange(false);
+  assert.equal(calls, 1);
+  reject(new DOMException('Flights update aborted', 'AbortError'));
+  await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+  assert.deepEqual(errors, []);
+});
+
+test('unexpected military-off refresh failures remain visible instead of being swallowed', async (t) => {
+  const error = new Error('fixture update failure');
+  const errors = [];
+  t.mock.method(console, 'error', (value) => errors.push(value));
+  handoff(async () => {
+    throw error;
+  })._onMilitaryActiveChange(false);
+  await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+  assert.deepEqual(errors, [error]);
+});

src/layers/localAdsb/index.js

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
 } from './card.js';
 import { createLocalAdsbEnrichment, localAdsbClass } from './enrichment.js';
 import { createLocalAdsbModels } from './models.js';
+import { localAdsbQaDrawn } from './qaDrawn.js';
 import { LocalAdsbMotion } from './motion.js';
 import {
   ENTITY_PREFIX,
@@ -714,6 +715,18 @@ export function createLocalAdsbLayer({
       void receiver.destroy?.();
     },
 
+    ...(import.meta.env?.DEV
+      ? {
+          qaDrawn() {
+            return localAdsbQaDrawn(markers, models?.qaModels?.(), {
+              enabled,
+              cameraPosition: renderer?.view.camera?.positionWC,
+              isVisible: markerVisible,
+            });
+          },
+        }
+      : {}),
+
     getStats() {
       const current = receiver.getState();
       const at = now();

src/layers/localAdsb/models.js

@@ -178,6 +178,7 @@ export function createLocalAdsbModels({
   }
 
   return {
+    ...(import.meta.env?.DEV ? { qaModels: () => models } : {}),
     /** Ids whose model admission is current; the layer enriches these. */
     get eligible() {
       return eligible;

src/layers/localAdsb/qaDrawn.js

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// On-demand QA snapshots of the cached local renderer state. Never read
+// an entity CallbackProperty: that would evaluate rendering during a probe.
+export function localAdsbQaDrawn(
+  markers,
+  models,
+  { enabled, cameraPosition, isVisible },
+) {
+  const rows = [];
+  for (const marker of markers.values()) {
+    const position = marker.position;
+    const distance =
+      position && cameraPosition
+        ? Math.hypot(
+            position.x - cameraPosition.x,
+            position.y - cameraPosition.y,
+            position.z - cameraPosition.z,
+          )
+        : Infinity;
+    const show = Boolean(
+      enabled &&
+      !marker.modelOwnsVisual &&
+      isVisible(marker) &&
+      distance <= 2_000_000,
+    );
+    const model = models?.get(marker.id);
+    const matrix = model?.modelMatrix;
+    rows.push({
+      id: marker.record.icao,
+      show,
+      rotation: marker.lastRotation,
+      alpha: show ? 1 : 0,
+      position: position
+        ? { x: position.x, y: position.y, z: position.z }
+        : null,
+      model: model
+        ? {
+            show: model.show,
+            ready: model.ready,
+            computedScale: model.computedScale,
+            position: matrix
+              ? { x: matrix[12], y: matrix[13], z: matrix[14] }
+              : null,
+            matrix: matrix ? Array.from(matrix) : null,
+          }
+        : null,
+    });
+  }
+  return rows;
+}

src/layers/localAdsb/qaDrawn.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { localAdsbQaDrawn } from './qaDrawn.js';
+function setup() {
+  const marker = {
+    id: 'local-adsb:abc123',
+    record: { icao: 'abc123' },
+    position: { x: 6378137, y: 2, z: 3 },
+    lastRotation: 0.7,
+    modelOwnsVisual: false,
+  };
+  Object.defineProperty(marker, 'entity', {
+    get() {
+      throw new Error('A snapshot must not evaluate native callbacks');
+    },
+  });
+  const matrix = new Float64Array(16);
+  matrix[12] = 6378138;
+  matrix[13] = 4;
+  matrix[14] = 5;
+  const model = {
+    ready: true,
+    show: true,
+    computedScale: 12,
+    modelMatrix: matrix,
+  };
+  const markers = new Map([[marker.id, marker]]),
+    models = new Map([[marker.id, model]]);
+  const options = {
+    enabled: true,
+    cameraPosition: { x: 6379137, y: 2, z: 3 },
+    isVisible: () => true,
+  };
+  return { marker, matrix, markers, models, options };
+}
+test('local QA copies the drawn model and reads cached glyph rotation without callbacks', () => {
+  const f = setup();
+  const [row] = localAdsbQaDrawn(f.markers, f.models, f.options);
+  assert.equal(row.id, 'abc123');
+  assert.equal(row.rotation, 0.7);
+  assert.equal(row.alpha, 1);
+  assert.equal(row.model.computedScale, 12);
+  assert.equal(row.model.ready, true);
+  row.position.x = 0;
+  row.model.matrix[12] = 0;
+  row.model.position.x = 0;
+  assert.equal(f.marker.position.x, 6378137);
+  assert.equal(f.matrix[12], 6378138);
+});
+test('local QA respects disabled, horizon, model handoff and the two-million-metre glyph limit', () => {
+  for (const change of [
+    (f) => {
+      f.options.enabled = false;
+    },
+    (f) => {
+      f.options.isVisible = () => false;
+    },
+    (f) => {
+      f.marker.modelOwnsVisual = true;
+    },
+    (f) => {
+      f.options.cameraPosition.x += 2_000_000;
+    },
+  ]) {
+    const f = setup();
+    change(f);
+    const [row] = localAdsbQaDrawn(f.markers, f.models, f.options);
+    assert.equal(row.show, false);
+    assert.equal(row.alpha, 0);
+    assert.equal(row.model.ready, true);
+  }
+});

src/qaVesselCardsHarness.test.mjs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
+import { runInNewContext } from 'node:vm';
 
 import {
   DEFAULT_DATA_MODE,
@@ -7,6 +8,8 @@ import {
   isHardwareRenderer,
   isHeadfulMode,
   parseDataMode,
+  vesselCardCaptureUrl,
+  installSyntheticVesselFeed,
   vesselCardManifestFilename,
   vesselCardProvenanceLines,
   vesselCardScreenshotFilename,
@@ -89,3 +92,80 @@ test('vessel-card QA distinguishes hardware evidence from software rendering', (
   assert.equal(isHardwareRenderer({ vendor: 'Google Inc.', renderer: 'ANGLE (SwiftShader)' }), false);
   assert.equal(isHardwareRenderer({ vendor: 'unavailable', renderer: 'unavailable' }), false);
 });
+
+test('synthetic card URL removes competing qaFeed while live mode preserves it', () => {
+  const input =
+    'http://127.0.0.1:4193/?engine=navara&qaFeed=vessels:fixture#v=2';
+  const synthetic = new URL(vesselCardCaptureUrl(input, 'synthetic'));
+  assert.equal(synthetic.searchParams.has('qaFeed'), false);
+  assert.equal(synthetic.searchParams.get('engine'), 'navara');
+  assert.equal(synthetic.hash, '#v=2');
+  assert.equal(
+    new URL(vesselCardCaptureUrl(input, 'live')).searchParams.get('qaFeed'),
+    'vessels:fixture',
+  );
+});
+
+function fixtureWindow() {
+  const rows = [{ mmsi: '990100000', lat: 51.95, lon: 4.1, name: 'QA' }];
+  const clock = { nowMs: 1000 };
+  const calls = [];
+  const window = {
+    fetch: (...args) => {
+      calls.push(args);
+      return Promise.resolve('passthrough');
+    },
+  };
+  runInNewContext(`(${installSyntheticVesselFeed.toString()})(rows)`, {
+    rows,
+    window,
+    location: {
+      href: 'http://127.0.0.1:4193/',
+      origin: 'http://127.0.0.1:4193',
+    },
+    URL,
+    Response,
+    Date: { now: () => clock.nowMs },
+  });
+  return { rows, clock, calls, window };
+}
+
+test('a late vessel refresh retains the exact card fixture with fresh receipt stamps', async () => {
+  const { window, rows, clock, calls } = fixtureWindow();
+  const first = await (await window.fetch('/api/vessels?lat=51.95')).json();
+  clock.nowMs = 5000;
+  const late = await (
+    await window.fetch(
+      new Request('http://127.0.0.1:4193/api/vessels?lat=29.7'),
+    )
+  ).json();
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    first.rows.map((row) => row.mmsi),
+    ['990100000'],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    late.rows.map((row) => row.mmsi),
+    ['990100000'],
+  );
+  assert.equal(late.newestPositionAt, 5000);
+  assert.equal(late.rows[0].last_position_epoch, 5);
+  const urlInput = await (
+    await window.fetch(new URL('http://127.0.0.1:4193/api/vessels'))
+  ).json();
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    urlInput.rows.map((row) => row.mmsi),
+    ['990100000'],
+  );
+  assert.equal(rows[0].last_position_epoch, undefined);
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 0);
+});
+
+test('the card fixture leaves other paths and external origins to the original fetch', async () => {
+  const { window, calls } = fixtureWindow();
+  assert.equal(await window.fetch('/api/vessels/track'), 'passthrough');
+  assert.equal(
+    await window.fetch('https://example.invalid/api/vessels'),
+    'passthrough',
+  );
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 2);
+});

src/tooling/importDirections.test.mjs

@@ -82,6 +82,36 @@ for (const [name, files, pattern] of [
     },
     /reaches browser globals/,
   ],
+  [
+    'W1 shared focusDeemphasis keeps native imports in render',
+    { 'src/data/focusDeemphasis.js': "import 'cesium';" },
+    /cesium only in the layer's render/,
+  ],
+  [
+    'W1 shared trailRenderer keeps native imports in render',
+    { 'src/data/trailRenderer.js': "import 'cesium';" },
+    /cesium only in the layer's render/,
+  ],
+  [
+    'W1 shared contactTrailRenderer keeps native imports in render',
+    { 'src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js': "import 'cesium';" },
+    /cesium only in the layer's render/,
+  ],
+  [
+    'W1 shared iconOrientation keeps native imports in render',
+    { 'src/data/iconOrientation.js': "import 'cesium';" },
+    /cesium only in the layer's render/,
+  ],
+  [
+    'W1 shared modelVisualAnchor keeps native imports in render',
+    { 'src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js': "import 'cesium';" },
+    /cesium only in the layer's render/,
+  ],
+  [
+    'W1 shared trackingClickGesture keeps native imports in render',
+    { 'src/data/trackingClickGesture.js': "import 'cesium';" },
+    /cesium only in the layer's render/,
+  ],
   [
     'geo module imports cesium',
     { 'src/geo/demo.js': "import 'cesium';" },

src/tooling/streetLevelQa.test.mjs

@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@ import {
   photoImages,
   THUMB_HOST,
 } from '../../scripts/fixtures/street-level/mapillaryGraph.mjs';
-import { redact } from '../../scripts/qa-browserEvidence.mjs';
+import {
+  redact,
+  isExpectedPreviewSetupError,
+} from '../../scripts/qa-browserEvidence.mjs';
 
 // The press helpers wait for paint; Node has no frames, so a tick stands in.
 globalThis.requestAnimationFrame ??= (callback) =>
@@ -639,3 +642,41 @@ test('CI runs the gates hermetically against a production build, strict, with ev
     'a missed header press fails CI now that the rail settles',
   );
 });
+
+test('preview setup API 404 is expected only with explicit preview mode', () => {
+  const message = {
+    type: () => 'error',
+    text: () =>
+      'Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 404 (Not Found)',
+    location: () => ({ url: 'http://127.0.0.1:4195/api/setup/status' }),
+  };
+  const options = { preview: true, baseUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:4195/' };
+  assert.equal(isExpectedPreviewSetupError(message, options), true);
+  assert.equal(
+    isExpectedPreviewSetupError(message, { ...options, preview: false }),
+    false,
+  );
+});
+
+test('preview mode never waives other errors, origins, paths or missing locations', () => {
+  const options = { preview: true, baseUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:4195/' };
+  for (const [text, url] of [
+    ['Failed to load resource: 404', 'http://127.0.0.1:4195/api/flights'],
+    ['Failed to load resource: 404', 'https://example.com/api/setup/status'],
+    ['Failed to load resource: 500', 'http://127.0.0.1:4195/api/setup/status'],
+    ['Unhandled TypeError: 404', 'http://127.0.0.1:4195/api/setup/status'],
+    ['Failed to load resource: 404', undefined],
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(
+      isExpectedPreviewSetupError(
+        {
+          type: () => 'error',
+          text: () => text,
+          location: () => ({ url }),
+        },
+        options,
+      ),
+      false,
+    );
+  }
+});

src/tooling/w1RuntimeEvidence.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
+import { watchW1Page } from '../../scripts/qa-browserEvidence.mjs';
+const baseUrl = 'http://127.0.0.1:4195/';
+const message = (type, text, url) => ({
+  type: () => type,
+  text: () => text,
+  location: () => ({ url }),
+});
+test('W1 main and share pages aggregate console, runtime and crash errors', () => {
+  const report = {},
+    main = new EventEmitter(),
+    shared = new EventEmitter();
+  watchW1Page(main, report, { name: 'main', baseUrl });
+  watchW1Page(shared, report, { name: 'share', baseUrl });
+  main.emit('console', message('warning', 'ordinary warning', baseUrl));
+  shared.emit(
+    'console',
+    message('error', 'late error', baseUrl + 'api/x?key=sample-secret'),
+  );
+  shared.emit('pageerror', new Error('runtime failure'));
+  shared.emit('error', new Error('renderer crashed'));
+  assert.deepEqual(report.runtimePages, ['main', 'share']);
+  assert.equal(report.browserErrors.length, 3);
+  assert.match(report.browserErrors[0], /\[share\] late error/);
+  assert.ok(!JSON.stringify(report).includes('sample-secret'));
+});
+test('W1 preview exception stays exact on a share page', () => {
+  const report = {},
+    shared = new EventEmitter();
+  watchW1Page(shared, report, { name: 'share', baseUrl, preview: true });
+  const failure = (url) =>
+    shared.emit(
+      'console',
+      message(
+        'error',
+        'Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 404',
+        url,
+      ),
+    );
+  failure(baseUrl + 'api/setup/status');
+  failure(baseUrl + 'api/other');
+  failure('https://example.invalid/api/setup/status');
+  assert.deepEqual(report.expectedPreviewErrors, ['/api/setup/status: 404']);
+  assert.equal(report.browserErrors.length, 2);
+});
+test('W1 response diagnostics retain page/status/path without query credentials', () => {
+  const report = {},
+    shared = new EventEmitter();
+  watchW1Page(shared, report, { name: 'share', baseUrl });
+  shared.emit('response', {
+    status: () => 503,
+    url: () => baseUrl + 'api/vessels?token=sample-secret',
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(report.failedResponses, [
+    { page: 'share', status: 503, resource: baseUrl + 'api/vessels' },
+  ]);
+  assert.ok(!JSON.stringify(report).includes('sample-secret'));
+});