Merge branch 'main' into upstream/sky-test-windows-path

src/annotations/drawMode.js

@@ -215,9 +215,12 @@ export function formatMeasure(session) {
   }
   if (session.shape === 'area') {
     const m2 = ringAreaM2(session.vertices);
-    if (m2 >= 1e6) return `${(m2 / 1e6).toFixed(2)} km²`;
-    if (m2 >= 1e4) return `${(m2 / 1e4).toFixed(1)} ha`;
-    return `${Math.round(m2)} m²`;
+    // Round before each unit cut, as for a line. 9,999.6 m² was "10000 m²".
+    const whole = Math.round(m2);
+    const ha = (m2 / 1e4).toFixed(1);
+    if (whole < 1e4) return `${whole} m²`;
+    if (Number(ha) < 100) return `${ha} ha`;
+    return `${(m2 / 1e6).toFixed(2)} km²`;
   }
   return '';
 }

src/annotations/drawMode.test.mjs

@@ -345,3 +345,43 @@ test('a line that rounds up to a kilometre reads 1.0 km, not 1000 m', () => {
   assert.equal(formatMeasure(line), '1.0 km');
   assert.match(drawHint(line), /^1\.0 km · /);
 });
+
+test('an area that rounds up to the next unit reads in that unit', () => {
+  // A square on the equator whose shoelace area is about `m2`.
+  const square = (m2) => {
+    const side = Math.sqrt(m2) / 111320;
+    const area = createDrawSession('area');
+    for (const [lon, lat] of [
+      [0, 0],
+      [side, 0],
+      [side, side],
+      [0, side],
+    ])
+      addVertex(area, { lon, lat });
+    return area;
+  };
+  const almostHectare = square(9999.6);
+  const metres = ringAreaM2(almostHectare.vertices);
+  assert.ok(
+    metres >= 9999.5 && metres < 1e4,
+    `area should round to 10000 m², got ${metres}`,
+  );
+  assert.equal(formatMeasure(almostHectare), '1.0 ha');
+  assert.match(drawHint(almostHectare), /^1\.0 ha · /);
+  assert.equal(formatMeasure(square(9999.4)), '9999 m²');
+  // Pin the shoelace area too, so a geodesy change fails here and not as a unit.
+  const almostKm2 = square(999_960);
+  const nearKm2 = ringAreaM2(almostKm2.vertices);
+  assert.ok(
+    nearKm2 >= 999_500 && nearKm2 < 1e6,
+    `area should round to 100.0 ha, got ${nearKm2}`,
+  );
+  assert.equal(formatMeasure(almostKm2), '1.00 km²');
+  const under = square(999_400);
+  const underM2 = ringAreaM2(under.vertices);
+  assert.ok(
+    underM2 >= 998_500 && underM2 < 999_500,
+    `area should round to 99.9 ha, got ${underM2}`,
+  );
+  assert.equal(formatMeasure(under), '99.9 ha');
+});

src/app/constructCatalog.js

@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ export function createApplicationCatalog({
         }),
         createApplicationGnssIntegrity({
           source: sources['gnss-integrity'],
+          windowMs: sources['gnss-integrity'].windowMs,
         }),
         createApplicationGhostMaps({ source: sources['s2-ghostmaps'] }),
         createApplicationAlpr({ surface, source: sources.alpr }),

src/app/constructCatalog.test.mjs

@@ -193,3 +193,42 @@ test('Mapillary can be omitted or replaced without changing catalog membership',
     /Mapillary source/,
   );
 });
+
+test('a GNSS integrity source can set the layer evidence window', (t) => {
+  const lifetime = new AbortController();
+  t.after(() => lifetime.abort());
+  const gnssLayer = (descriptor) => {
+    const sources = fixtureSources([], []);
+    sources['gnss-integrity'] = {
+      getSnapshot: async () => ({}),
+      ...descriptor,
+    };
+    return createApplicationCatalog({
+      sources,
+      signal: lifetime.signal,
+      surface: fixtureSurface(lifetime.signal),
+    }).get('gnss-integrity');
+  };
+  const shows = (layer, minutes) => {
+    assert.equal(layer.provenance.window.minutes, minutes);
+    const { info, legend } = layer.getRowControls();
+    assert.match(info, new RegExp(`visited views over ${minutes} min`));
+    assert.match(legend[0].blurb, new RegExp(`over ${minutes} minutes`));
+  };
+  shows(gnssLayer({ windowMs: 65 * 60_000 }), 65);
+  shows(gnssLayer({}), 30);
+  for (const windowMs of [
+    undefined,
+    null,
+    NaN,
+    Infinity,
+    0,
+    -60_000,
+    '3600000',
+  ])
+    assert.equal(
+      gnssLayer({ windowMs }).provenance.window.minutes,
+      30,
+      `${String(windowMs)} falls back to the default`,
+    );
+});

src/app/embed.test.mjs

@@ -146,6 +146,12 @@ test('an embedded page takes views only from its parent and answers it', async (
     id: 3,
     view: { camera: { lat: 1, lon: 2 }, layers: ['flights'] },
   });
+  // A view kept from before Snow was retired still applies, on Normal.
+  send(parent, {
+    type: 'gev:view',
+    id: 4,
+    view: { camera: { lat: 1, lon: 2 }, style: 'snow' },
+  });
   await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10));
   assert.deepEqual(posted[1], {
     type: 'gev:view-applied',
@@ -161,6 +167,13 @@ test('an embedded page takes views only from its parent and answers it', async (
         name === 'set_layer_visibility' && args.layerId === 'flights',
     ),
   );
+  assert.equal(posted[3].id, 4);
+  assert.equal(posted[3].ok, true);
+  assert.ok(
+    calls.some(
+      ([name, args]) => name === 'set_visual_style' && args.style === 'normal',
+    ),
+  );
   assert.equal(posted.filter((message) => message.id === 1).length, 0);
   // Ready names no data and goes to any parent; answers go only to the
   // origin that asked.
@@ -168,6 +181,7 @@ test('an embedded page takes views only from its parent and answers it', async (
     '*',
     'https://host.example',
     'https://host.example',
+    'https://host.example',
   ]);
   remove();
 });

src/celestialRing.test.mjs

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ test('circular angle distance remains small across the wrap point', () => {
 
 test('celestial ring is available only in Normal style', () => {
   assert.equal(isCelestialRingStyleSupported('normal'), true);
-  for (const style of ['retro', 'surveillance', 'thermal', 'anime', 'noir', 'snow']) {
+  for (const style of ['retro', 'surveillance', 'thermal', 'anime', 'noir']) {
     assert.equal(isCelestialRingStyleSupported(style), false);
   }
 });

src/cockpitMarkup.test.mjs

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ test('Cockpit vision cycle exposes every map preset exactly once', () => {
   );
   assert.match(
     setVisionMode.toString(),
-    /const labels = \{\s*optical: t\('NORMAL'\),\s*crt: t\('CRT'\),\s*nvg: t\('NVG'\),\s*thermal: t\('FLIR'\),\s*anime: t\('ANIME'\),\s*noir: t\('NOIR'\),\s*snow: t\('SNOW'\),?\s*\};/,
+    /const labels = \{\s*optical: t\('NORMAL'\),\s*crt: t\('CRT'\),\s*nvg: t\('NVG'\),\s*thermal: t\('FLIR'\),\s*anime: t\('ANIME'\),\s*noir: t\('NOIR'\),?\s*\};/,
   );
   assert.doesNotMatch(setVisionMode.toString(), /none: 'NONE'/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(ui, /getInheritedVisionLabel/);
@@ -227,13 +227,9 @@ test('Cockpit Escape handling precedes form-control shortcut suppression and foc
   );
 });
 
-test('Cockpit shortcut failures do not leak and open Radio owns the first Escape', () => {
+test('Cockpit shortcut failures do not leak and open utilities own the first Escape', () => {
   const keydown = cockpitKeyDown.toString();
   assert.ok(keydown, 'Cockpit keyboard handler is missing');
-  assert.match(
-    keydown,
-    /document\s*\.getElementById\('context-radio-dock'\)\s*\?\.classList\.contains\('disclosure-open'\)/,
-  );
   assert.match(keydown, /#cockpit-utility-controls \[aria-expanded="true"\]/);
   assert.match(
     keydown,
@@ -443,7 +439,7 @@ test('Cockpit owns a focused shared Display portal and compact Radio controls',
   assert.ok(cockpitRadio, 'Cockpit compact Radio controls are missing');
   assert.doesNotMatch(
     cockpitRadio[0],
-    /context-radio-details-btn|radio-filter|radio-tuner/,
+    /radio-filter|radio-tuner/,
   );
   assert.match(
     css,
@@ -898,7 +894,7 @@ test('Cockpit Radio station changes preserve first-person camera ownership', ()
   );
   assert.match(
     radioBindings,
-    /listen\(this\._contextRadioMiniNextBtn, 'click', \(\) => cycleRadio\(1\)\)/,
+    /listen\(this\._radioNextBtn, 'click', \(\) => cycleRadio\(1\)\)/,
   );
   assert.match(
     radioBindings,

src/cockpitVisionPolicy.js

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ export const COCKPIT_VISION_MODES = Object.freeze([
   'thermal',
   'anime',
   'noir',
-  'snow',
 ]);
 
 const TARGET_STYLE_BY_MODE = Object.freeze({
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ const TARGET_STYLE_BY_MODE = Object.freeze({
   thermal: 'thermal',
   anime: 'anime',
   noir: 'noir',
-  snow: 'snow',
 });
 
 const COCKPIT_MODE_BY_STYLE = Object.freeze({
@@ -24,7 +22,6 @@ const COCKPIT_MODE_BY_STYLE = Object.freeze({
   thermal: 'thermal',
   anime: 'anime',
   noir: 'noir',
-  snow: 'snow',
 });
 
 /** Normalize a requested Cockpit vision mode to the unfiltered Normal entry. */

src/cockpitVisionPolicy.test.mjs

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ test('Cockpit vision order mirrors the unique map preset order', () => {
     'thermal',
     'anime',
     'noir',
-    'snow',
   ]);
   assert.equal(normalizeCockpitVisionMode('none'), 'optical');
   assert.equal(normalizeCockpitVisionMode('unknown'), 'optical');
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ test('Cockpit entry selects the vision mode equivalent to the active map style',
   assert.equal(cockpitVisionModeForStyle('thermal'), 'thermal');
   assert.equal(cockpitVisionModeForStyle('anime'), 'anime');
   assert.equal(cockpitVisionModeForStyle('noir'), 'noir');
-  assert.equal(cockpitVisionModeForStyle('snow'), 'snow');
+  assert.equal(cockpitVisionModeForStyle('snow'), 'optical');
   assert.equal(cockpitVisionModeForStyle('unsupported'), 'optical');
 });
 

src/contextTabKeyboard.test.mjs

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ test('Context tabs draw a visible keyboard-focus outline including active tabs',
 
 test('Context async action buttons remain focused while busy', () => {
   const init = _initGlobalContextPanel.toString();
-  const radio = radioBindings.slice(radioBindings.indexOf('const toggleRadio = async (trigger) => {'), radioBindings.indexOf('this.listen(this._contextRadioToggleBtn,'));
+  const radio = radioBindings.slice(radioBindings.indexOf('const toggleRadio = async (trigger) => {'), radioBindings.indexOf('this.listen(this._cockpitRadioToggleBtn,'));
   const radioSync = radioPresentation.slice(0, radioPresentation.indexOf('if (this._radioFilter)'));
   const clear = clearSelectedLayers.toString();
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ test('Context async action buttons remain focused while busy', () => {
   assert.doesNotMatch(init, /button\.disabled\s*=\s*true/);
   assert.match(radio, /trigger\.getAttribute\('aria-busy'\) === 'true'/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(radio, /trigger\.disabled\s*=\s*true/);
-  for (const name of ['_radioEnableBtn', '_contextRadioMiniEnableBtn', '_cockpitRadioEnableBtn']) {
+  for (const name of ['_radioEnableBtn', '_cockpitRadioEnableBtn']) {
     assert.match(radioSync, new RegExp(`${name}\\.disabled = false`));
   }
   assert.doesNotMatch(clear, /_clearSelectedLayersBtn\.disabled\s*=\s*true/);
@@ -146,3 +146,36 @@ test('Context async action buttons remain focused while busy', () => {
   assert.match(control, /button\.setAttribute\('aria-busy', String\(busy\)\)/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(control, /button\.disabled\s*=/);
 });
+
+test('Context header holds only its title and collapse control', () => {
+  const panel = html.match(/<div id="global-context-panel"[\s\S]*?<div class="cyber-panel-body"/);
+  assert.ok(panel, 'Global Context panel is missing');
+  const header = panel[0].match(/<div class="panel-header">([\s\S]*?)<\/div>\s*<div class="cyber-panel-body"/);
+  assert.ok(header, 'Global Context header is missing');
+  const tags = [...header[1].matchAll(/<(\w+)\s+class="([^"]+)"/g)].map(([, tag, cls]) => `${tag}.${cls}`);
+  assert.deepEqual(tags, ['span.panel-title', 'span.panel-divider', 'button.panel-collapse-btn']);
+});
+
+test('Context reads as one segmented control with legible type and no halo', () => {
+  const rules = [...css.matchAll(/([^{}]+)\{([^{}]*)\}/g)];
+  const clean = (selector) => selector.replace(/\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\//g, '').replace(/\s+/g, ' ').trim();
+  const rule = (selector) => rules.find(([, s]) => clean(s) === selector)?.[2] || '';
+  const px = (body, prop) => Number(body.match(new RegExp(`${prop}:[^;]*?(\\d+(?:\\.\\d+)?)px`))?.[1] || 0);
+
+  assert.match(rule('#global-context-panel .panel-glow'), /display:\s*none/);
+  const modes = rule('.global-context-modes');
+  assert.match(modes, /border:\s*1px solid/);
+  assert.match(modes, /padding:\s*2px/);
+  assert.ok(px(rule('.context-mode-button'), 'font') >= 10, 'mode labels must stay at least 10px');
+  assert.doesNotMatch(rule('.context-mode-button.active'), /box-shadow/);
+  const standby = rule('.context-mode-standby');
+  assert.ok(px(standby, 'font') >= 10, 'standby guidance must stay at least 10px');
+  assert.doesNotMatch(standby, /dashed/);
+  assert.ok(px(rule('.global-context-actions .panel-layer-toggle'), 'font-size') >= 10);
+  // The shared rail title colour (brighter than --text-secondary) keeps the
+  // open Context title legible; no Context-only rule dims it again.
+  assert.equal(
+    rule(":root:not([data-ui-theme='cyber']) #global-context-panel:not(.collapsed) .panel-title"),
+    '',
+  );
+});

src/data/aisLiveVessels.test.mjs

@@ -1719,3 +1719,50 @@ test('vessel selection passes the opaque source reference to optional history',
     aisLiveVesselsLayer.setSource(createVesselSource());
   }
 });
+
+test('vessel focus wire skips hidden sprites at rest while a target is tracked', () => {
+  const makeColor = (alpha) => ({ alpha, withAlpha: (next) => makeColor(next) });
+  const sprite = (show) => ({
+    position: { x: 1, y: 2, z: 3 },
+    show,
+    color: makeColor(1),
+  });
+  const visible = sprite(true);
+  const hidden = Array.from({ length: 50 }, () => sprite(false));
+  const records = [visible, ...hidden].map((billboard) => ({
+    position: billboard.position,
+    billboard,
+  }));
+  const target = {
+    screenRect: { left: 40, top: 40, right: 60, bottom: 60 },
+    paddingPx: 0,
+    cameraDistance: 1000,
+  };
+  let projected = 0;
+  let measured = 0;
+  const apply = (nowMs) =>
+    applyVesselFocusDeemphasis({
+      records,
+      target,
+      nowMs,
+      screenPositionFor: () => {
+        projected += 1;
+        return { x: 50, y: 50 };
+      },
+      cameraDistanceFor: () => {
+        measured += 1;
+        return 1200;
+      },
+      params: { paddingPx: 0, dimFloor: 0.25, attackMs: 300 },
+    });
+
+  apply(0);
+  const result = apply(300);
+
+  // Only the on-screen sprite pays for projection and distance.
+  assert.equal(projected, 2);
+  assert.equal(measured, 2);
+  assert.equal(visible.color.alpha, 0.25);
+  assert.equal(result.activeCount, 1);
+  for (const billboard of hidden) assert.equal(billboard.color.alpha, 1);
+});

src/data/cctv.js

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ export const prioritizeActiveCctvGeometryRecord =
 export const processGeometryBatch = layer.processGeometryBatch;
 export const hideCctvRecordVisuals = layer.hideCctvRecordVisuals;
 export const refreshCoverageStyles = layer.refreshCoverageStyles;
+export const refreshHorizonCulling = layer.refreshHorizonCulling;
+export const _viewRecordIdsForTest = layer._viewRecordIdsForTest;
 export const clearProbeClampOnDeactivation =
   layer.clearProbeClampOnDeactivation;
 export const cctvRecordNeedsActivation = layer.cctvRecordNeedsActivation;

src/data/cctv.test.mjs

@@ -1309,11 +1309,12 @@ test('CCTV null-active coverage, auto-hop, cycling, and panel targets stay hones
     assert.ok(renderer, '_renderCctvState is missing');
     assert.match(
       renderer[0],
-      /else if \(!activeId\)[\s\S]*?selectedIndex = -1/,
+      // Nothing active clears the pick; only the outside-view note may show.
+      /else if \(!activeId\)[\s\S]*?selectedIndex =[^;]*\? 0 : -1;/,
     );
     assert.match(
       renderer[0],
-      /_cctvFocusBtn\.disabled\s*=\s*!enabled\s*\|\|\s*cameras\.length === 0\s*\|\|\s*!activeId/,
+      /_cctvFocusBtn\.disabled\s*=\s*!enabled\s*\|\|\s*catalogCount === 0\s*\|\|\s*!activeId/,
     );
   } finally {
     cctvLayer.setParams({ autoHop: false });

src/data/cctvA22.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+
+import {
+  a22WebcamToSource,
+  loadA22SourcesFromOpenDataHub,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/sources.js';
+import {
+  A22_DEFAULT_GROUND_ELEVATION_M,
+  A22_IMAGE_ORIGIN,
+  DEFAULT_A22_CCTV_URL,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/constants.js';
+import { createCctvCatalog } from '../../server/providers/cctv/catalog.js';
+import { fetchWithinHost } from '../../server/providers/cctv/media.js';
+import { staticFrameRefreshMs } from './cctvLod.js';
+
+/** One Open Data Hub `WebcamInfo` item, shaped like the live a22 payload. */
+const item = (
+  patch = {},
+  { km = '68', lat = 46.53591, lon = 11.49772 } = {},
+) => ({
+  Id: `A22_${km}`,
+  Active: true,
+  Source: 'a22',
+  Shortname: 'ADS Sciliar',
+  Webcamname: { it: 'ADS Sciliar' },
+  Webcamurl: `https://www.autobrennero.it/WebCamImg/km${km}.jpg`,
+  Mapping: { a22: { km } },
+  GpsInfo: [{ Gpstype: 'position', Latitude: lat, Longitude: lon }],
+  LicenseInfo: {
+    ClosedData: false,
+    LicenseHolder: 'https://www.autobrennero.it/',
+  },
+  ...patch,
+});
+
+test('an A22 webcam maps to a source on the pinned operator frame', () => {
+  const source = a22WebcamToSource(item());
+  assert.equal(source.id, 'it-a22-km68');
+  assert.equal(source.name, 'A22 ADS Sciliar (km 68)');
+  assert.equal(source.city, 'A22 Brennero');
+  assert.equal(source.cityId, 'a22');
+  assert.equal(source.provider, 'Autostrada del Brennero');
+  assert.equal(source.lat, 46.53591);
+  assert.equal(source.lon, 11.49772);
+  assert.equal(source.headingConfidence, 'low');
+  assert.equal(source.feedType, 'image');
+  assert.equal(source.sourceKind, 'a22-opendatahub');
+  assert.equal(source.code, 'ADS SCILIAR');
+  assert.equal(source.url, `${A22_IMAGE_ORIGIN}km68.jpg`);
+  assert.equal(source.snapshotUrl, source.url);
+});
+
+test('ground elevation follows the motorway from the Brenner Pass to the Po', () => {
+  const brenner = a22WebcamToSource(
+    item({ Shortname: 'Brennero' }, { km: '1', lat: 46.99682, lon: 11.50218 }),
+  );
+  const ponte = a22WebcamToSource(
+    item(
+      { Shortname: 'Ponte Po' },
+      { km: '272', lat: 45.03145, lon: 10.85369 },
+    ),
+  );
+  assert.ok(brenner.groundElevationM > 1300);
+  assert.ok(ponte.groundElevationM < 50);
+  // A kilometre the table does not know falls back to the corridor prior.
+  const unknown = a22WebcamToSource(
+    item({}, { km: '150', lat: 45.95, lon: 11.05 }),
+  );
+  assert.equal(unknown.groundElevationM, A22_DEFAULT_GROUND_ELEVATION_M);
+});
+
+test('inactive cameras, off-host frames and bad geometry are dropped', () => {
+  assert.equal(a22WebcamToSource(item({ Active: false })), null);
+  assert.equal(a22WebcamToSource(item({ Source: 'other' })), null);
+  assert.equal(
+    a22WebcamToSource(
+      item({ Webcamurl: 'https://evil.test/WebCamImg/km68.jpg' }),
+    ),
+    null,
+  );
+  // The frame must be exactly the camera's own kilometre image.
+  assert.equal(
+    a22WebcamToSource(
+      item({ Webcamurl: 'https://www.autobrennero.it/WebCamImg/km1.jpg' }),
+    ),
+    null,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    a22WebcamToSource(item({ Mapping: { a22: { km: '../x' } } })),
+    null,
+  );
+  // Milan: plausible, but off the Brenner–Modena corridor.
+  assert.equal(
+    a22WebcamToSource(item({}, { km: '68', lat: 45.46, lon: 9.19 })),
+    null,
+  );
+  assert.equal(a22WebcamToSource(item({ GpsInfo: [] })), null);
+  assert.equal(a22WebcamToSource(null), null);
+});
+
+test('the loader dedupes, orders north to south, and degrades to empty', async (t) => {
+  t.mock.method(console, 'log', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  const requested = [];
+  const fetchMock = t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url) => {
+    requested.push(String(url));
+    return Response.json({
+      TotalResults: 3,
+      Items: [
+        item(
+          { Shortname: 'Ponte Po' },
+          { km: '272', lat: 45.03145, lon: 10.85369 },
+        ),
+        item(),
+        item(),
+        item(
+          { Shortname: 'Brennero' },
+          { km: '1', lat: 46.99682, lon: 11.50218 },
+        ),
+      ],
+    });
+  });
+  const cameras = await loadA22SourcesFromOpenDataHub();
+  assert.deepEqual(requested, [DEFAULT_A22_CCTV_URL]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    cameras.map((c) => c.id),
+    ['it-a22-km1', 'it-a22-km68', 'it-a22-km272'],
+  );
+
+  fetchMock.mock.mockImplementation(
+    async () => new Response('nope', { status: 503 }),
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadA22SourcesFromOpenDataHub(), []);
+  fetchMock.mock.mockImplementation(
+    async () =>
+      new Response(null, {
+        status: 302,
+        headers: { Location: 'https://evil.test/' },
+      }),
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadA22SourcesFromOpenDataHub(), []);
+  fetchMock.mock.mockImplementation(async () => {
+    throw new Error('offline');
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await loadA22SourcesFromOpenDataHub(), []);
+});
+
+const runCatalog = async (t) => {
+  const requested = [];
+  t.mock.method(console, 'log', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(console, 'warn', () => {});
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async (url) => {
+    const href = String(url);
+    requested.push(href);
+    if (href === DEFAULT_A22_CCTV_URL) {
+      return Response.json({ Items: [item()] });
+    }
+    return Response.json([]);
+  });
+  const sources = await createCctvCatalog({ sourceRoot: '/nonexistent' })();
+  return { requested, sources };
+};
+
+const withEnv = async (patch, fn) => {
+  const saved = { ...process.env };
+  try {
+    delete process.env.CCTV_SOURCES_FILE;
+    delete process.env.CCTV_SOURCES_JSON;
+    delete process.env.CCTV_A22_ENABLED;
+    Object.assign(process.env, patch);
+    await fn();
+  } finally {
+    for (const key of Object.keys(process.env)) {
+      if (!(key in saved)) delete process.env[key];
+    }
+    Object.assign(process.env, saved);
+  }
+};
+
+test('the A22 lane is wired into the catalog', async (t) => {
+  await withEnv({}, async () => {
+    const { requested, sources } = await runCatalog(t);
+    assert.ok(requested.includes(DEFAULT_A22_CCTV_URL));
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      sources.filter((s) => s.cityId === 'a22').map((s) => s.id),
+      ['it-a22-km68'],
+    );
+  });
+});
+
+test('CCTV_A22_ENABLED=0 keeps the lane from being loaded', async (t) => {
+  await withEnv({ CCTV_A22_ENABLED: '0' }, async () => {
+    const { requested, sources } = await runCatalog(t);
+    assert.equal(requested.includes(DEFAULT_A22_CCTV_URL), false);
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      sources.filter((s) => s.cityId === 'a22'),
+      [],
+    );
+  });
+});
+
+test('a redirect on the A22 frame host stays inside WebCamImg/', async () => {
+  const frame = `${A22_IMAGE_ORIGIN}km68.jpg`;
+  const redirectTo = (location) => async (url) =>
+    url === frame
+      ? new Response(null, { status: 302, headers: { location } })
+      : new Response('frame', { headers: { 'content-type': 'image/jpeg' } });
+  for (const location of ['/it/area-riservata/', '/WebCamImg/../x.jpg'])
+    assert.equal(
+      await fetchWithinHost(frame, {}, redirectTo(location)),
+      null,
+      location,
+    );
+  const followed = await fetchWithinHost(
+    frame,
+    {},
+    redirectTo('/WebCamImg/km77.jpg'),
+  );
+  assert.equal(await followed.text(), 'frame');
+});
+
+test('A22 ambient cards refresh on the highway cadence, not the default', () => {
+  const source = a22WebcamToSource(item());
+  assert.equal(staticFrameRefreshMs(source), 3 * 60 * 1000);
+});

src/data/cctvLod.js

@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ const PROVIDER_STATIC_REFRESH_MS = Object.freeze({
   // every 20s showed no change inside 64s but a new frame by ~90-150s later —
   // matches the other highway packs' 3-minute cadence.
   'servei català de trànsit': 3 * 60 * 1000,
+  // Autobrennero (A22) refreshes its stills about once a minute (Last-Modified
+  // tracks the minute); 3 min matches the other highway packs.
+  'autostrada del brennero': 3 * 60 * 1000,
 });
 
 /**

src/data/cctvViewThinning.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+// src/data/cctvViewThinning.test.mjs — the CCTV view pass: only cameras on or
+// near the screen show, a zoomed-out view keeps one camera per world-anchored
+// cell, and the layer's UI state never rebuilds every camera for a listener
+// that does not read the list.
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import cctvLayer, {
+  _setCctvCoverageStateForTest,
+  _viewRecordIdsForTest,
+  refreshHorizonCulling,
+} from './cctv.js';
+
+const WIDTH = 800;
+const HEIGHT = 600;
+
+/**
+ * Records at the given [lon, lat] degrees near the origin, each drawn at the
+ * screen point `screenAt` gives it (default: the middle of the screen).
+ */
+function recordsAt(
+  lonLats,
+  screenAt = () => ({ x: WIDTH / 2, y: HEIGHT / 2 }),
+) {
+  const screenByPosition = new Map();
+  const records = lonLats.map(([lon, lat], index) => {
+    const position = Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat, 10);
+    screenByPosition.set(position, screenAt(index));
+    return {
+      camera: {
+        id: `cam-${index}`,
+        name: `Camera ${index}`,
+        city: 'Test',
+        lat,
+        lon,
+        headingDeg: 0,
+        pitchDeg: -18,
+        fovDeg: 44,
+        rangeM: 145,
+        mountHeightM: 8,
+      },
+      position,
+      billboard: { position, show: true },
+      coverageEntities: [],
+      projection: null,
+    };
+  });
+  return { records, screenByPosition };
+}
+
+function viewerAt(heightM, screenByPosition, shiftX = 0) {
+  return {
+    isDestroyed: () => false,
+    camera: {
+      positionWC: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(0, 0, heightM),
+      positionCartographic: { latitude: 0, longitude: 0, height: heightM },
+      frustum: { fovy: Math.PI / 3 },
+    },
+    scene: {
+      canvas: { clientWidth: WIDTH, clientHeight: HEIGHT },
+      cartesianToCanvasCoordinates: (position) => {
+        const screen = screenByPosition.get(position);
+        return screen && { x: screen.x + shiftX, y: screen.y };
+      },
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function shownIds(records) {
+  return records
+    .filter((record) => record.billboard.show)
+    .map((record) => record.camera.id)
+    .sort();
+}
+
+// Three cameras within ~110 m, and one ~22 km away.
+const CLUSTER = [
+  [0, 0],
+  [0.001, 0],
+  [0.0005, 0.0005],
+  [0.2, 0],
+];
+
+test('zoomed out, cameras sharing a ground cell show one icon', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(CLUSTER);
+  _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+    viewer: viewerAt(20_000, screenByPosition),
+    records,
+  });
+  assert.equal(
+    refreshHorizonCulling(),
+    true,
+    'the first pass changes the view',
+  );
+  const shown = shownIds(records);
+  assert.equal(shown.length, 2, 'one for the cluster, one for the far camera');
+  assert.ok(shown.includes('cam-3'), 'a camera alone in its cell shows');
+  assert.deepEqual(_viewRecordIdsForTest().sort(), shown);
+});
+
+test('a pan keeps the same winners, and an unchanged view keeps its list', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(CLUSTER, (index) => ({
+    x: 100 + index * 7,
+    y: 300,
+  }));
+  _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+    viewer: viewerAt(20_000, screenByPosition),
+    records,
+  });
+  refreshHorizonCulling();
+  const before = shownIds(records);
+  const list = _viewRecordIdsForTest();
+  for (const shiftX of [3, 11, 20, 37]) {
+    _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+      viewer: viewerAt(20_000, screenByPosition, shiftX),
+      records,
+    });
+    refreshHorizonCulling();
+    assert.deepEqual(shownIds(records), before, `pan by ${shiftX} px`);
+  }
+  assert.equal(refreshHorizonCulling(), false, 'the same view changes nothing');
+  assert.deepEqual(_viewRecordIdsForTest(), list);
+});
+
+test('a small zoom within one cell size keeps the same winners', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(CLUSTER);
+  const shownAt = (heightM) => {
+    _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+      viewer: viewerAt(heightM, screenByPosition),
+      records,
+    });
+    refreshHorizonCulling();
+    return shownIds(records);
+  };
+  // Cells come in power-of-two metre steps: about 1.5 km and 1.6 km cells at
+  // these heights fall in the same step, so the same cameras win.
+  assert.deepEqual(shownAt(20_500), shownAt(20_000));
+});
+
+test('a healthy camera wins its cell over an unknown one', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(CLUSTER.slice(0, 2));
+  // Whichever camera the id order would pick, the healthy one must win.
+  for (const id of ['cam-0', 'cam-1']) {
+    _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+      viewer: viewerAt(20_000, screenByPosition),
+      records,
+      healthById: new Map([[id, { status: 'ok' }]]),
+    });
+    refreshHorizonCulling();
+    assert.deepEqual(shownIds(records), [id]);
+  }
+});
+
+test('the active camera always shows, even in a crowded cell', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(CLUSTER.slice(0, 3));
+  for (const active of records) {
+    _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+      viewer: viewerAt(20_000, screenByPosition),
+      records,
+      activeCameraId: active.camera.id,
+    });
+    refreshHorizonCulling();
+    assert.ok(active.billboard.show, `${active.camera.id} shows while active`);
+  }
+});
+
+test('close up, every camera near the screen shows and far-off ones hide', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(
+    [
+      [0, 0],
+      [0.0001, 0],
+      [0.0002, 0],
+    ],
+    (index) =>
+      index === 2 ? { x: WIDTH * 3, y: HEIGHT / 2 } : { x: 100, y: 100 },
+  );
+  _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+    viewer: viewerAt(300, screenByPosition),
+    records,
+  });
+  refreshHorizonCulling();
+  assert.deepEqual(shownIds(records), ['cam-0', 'cam-1']);
+});
+
+test('a disabled layer skips the view pass', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(CLUSTER);
+  _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+    viewer: viewerAt(20_000, screenByPosition),
+    records,
+    enabled: false,
+  });
+  assert.equal(refreshHorizonCulling(), false);
+  assert.deepEqual(_viewRecordIdsForTest(), []);
+});
+
+test('UI state builds the full camera list only when it is read', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(CLUSTER.slice(0, 2));
+  _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+    viewer: viewerAt(300, screenByPosition),
+    records,
+  });
+  refreshHorizonCulling();
+  let built = 0;
+  for (const record of records) {
+    const camera = record.camera;
+    record.camera = new Proxy(camera, {
+      get(target, key) {
+        if (key === 'calibration') built += 1;
+        return target[key];
+      },
+    });
+  }
+  const first = cctvLayer.getUIState();
+  assert.equal(built, 0, 'listeners that skip `cameras` cost nothing');
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    first.cameraIndex.map((camera) => camera.id),
+    ['cam-0', 'cam-1'],
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    cctvLayer.getUIState().cameraIndex,
+    first.cameraIndex,
+    'the index keeps its identity while the view does',
+  );
+  assert.equal(first.cameras.length, 2);
+  assert.ok(built > 0, 'reading `cameras` builds it');
+  assert.equal(first.cameras, first.cameras, 'and builds it once');
+});
+
+test('the camera picker lists the view, with the active camera first', () => {
+  const { records, screenByPosition } = recordsAt(
+    [
+      [0, 0],
+      [0.0001, 0],
+      [0.0002, 0],
+    ],
+    (index) => (index === 1 ? { x: WIDTH * 3, y: 0 } : { x: 100, y: 100 }),
+  );
+  _setCctvCoverageStateForTest({
+    viewer: viewerAt(300, screenByPosition),
+    records,
+    activeCameraId: 'cam-1',
+  });
+  refreshHorizonCulling();
+  const state = cctvLayer.getUIState();
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    state.cameraIndex.map((camera) => camera.id),
+    ['cam-1', 'cam-0', 'cam-2'],
+    'the off-screen active camera leads, then what is in view',
+  );
+  assert.equal(state.cameras.length, 3, 'the full list is still every camera');
+});

src/data/dataCredits.js

@@ -343,6 +343,13 @@ export const DATA_CREDITS = [
     key: 'panoramax',
     html: 'Street Level: imagery © <a href="https://panoramax.fr" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Panoramax</a> contributors, licence per picture',
   },
+  {
+    key: 'a22-cctv',
+    html:
+      'Motorway webcams (A22 Brennero–Modena): images © ' +
+      '<a href="https://www.autobrennero.it/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Autostrada del Brennero S.p.A.</a>, ' +
+      'camera list via the <a href="https://opendatahub.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Open Data Hub</a> (NOI Techpark)',
+  },
   {
     key: 'gbfs',
     html:

src/data/directions.test.mjs

@@ -875,6 +875,13 @@ test('route numbers follow the page language and never break from their unit', (
   );
   const list = directionsStepList({ route });
   assert.equal(list.items[1].lead, '240\u00a0м');
+
+  // Japanese unit words follow the number: 1時間5分, but 1.5 km.
+  setLocale('ja');
+  assert.equal(routeDistanceText(1500), '1.5\u00a0km');
+  assert.equal(routeDurationText(39), '39秒');
+  assert.equal(routeDurationText(3900), '1時間5分');
+  assert.equal(routeDurationText(7200), '2時間');
 });
 
 test('ramp and lane wording stays localized after choosing the maneuver form', (t) => {
@@ -892,6 +899,12 @@ test('ramp and lane wording stays localized after choosing the maneuver form', (
       'Toma la salida bruscamente a la derecha',
       'Toma el carril izquierdo',
     ],
+    [
+      'ja',
+      'ランプを斜め左に進んでI-95に入る',
+      '出口を急角度で右に出る',
+      '左車線を通行',
+    ],
     [
       'zh-CN',
       '向左前方驶入匝道，进入 I-95',
@@ -919,3 +932,19 @@ test('ramp and lane wording stays localized after choosing the maneuver form', (
     );
   }
 });
+
+test('the reroute tooltip keeps German mode nouns capitalized', (t) => {
+  t.after(() => setLocale('en'));
+  const title = (id) =>
+    directionsRowControls(idle).chips.find((chip) => chip.id === id).title;
+  assert.equal(title('mode-foot'), 'Walk — reroute for walk');
+  setLocale('de');
+  assert.equal(
+    title('mode-foot'),
+    'Zu Fuß – Route im Modus „Zu Fuß“ neu berechnen',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    title('mode-bike'),
+    'Fahrrad – Route im Modus „Fahrrad“ neu berechnen',
+  );
+});

src/data/firmsProxy.test.mjs

@@ -1,7 +1,18 @@
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import test from 'node:test';
+import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
+import dns from 'node:dns/promises';
+import https from 'node:https';
+import net from 'node:net';
+import { Readable } from 'node:stream';
 import { filterTrailing24h, parseFirmsCsv } from './firmsCsv.js';
+import {
+  describeFetchError,
+  fetchFirms,
+  fetchIpv4,
+  isAddressSelectionFailure,
+} from '../../server/providers/firms.js';
 
 const config = fs.readFileSync(new URL('../../server/providers/firms.js', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
 const start = config.indexOf('  async function refreshUpstream(key) {');
@@ -17,8 +28,8 @@ const recent = { acqDate: '2026-09-11', acqTime: '1100' };
 // Inject only its upstream, clock and filter dependencies; keep its aggregation
 // and source-status code intact, including failures while consuming records.
 function createRefresh(fetchSource, filter = filterTrailing24h) {
-  return new Function('SOURCES', 'fetchSource', 'filterTrailing24h', 'Date', 'console',
-    `return (${refreshSource});`)(SOURCES, fetchSource, filter, { now: () => NOW }, { warn() {} });
+  return new Function('SOURCES', 'fetchSource', 'filterTrailing24h', 'describeFetchError', 'Date', 'console',
+    `return (${refreshSource});`)(SOURCES, fetchSource, filter, describeFetchError, { now: () => NOW }, { warn() {} });
 }
 
 test('FIRMS retains large sources in order and filters expired rows', async () => {
@@ -78,3 +89,216 @@ test('FIRMS distinguishes all-source failure from successful empty sources', asy
   assert.deepEqual(result.fires, []);
   assert.deepEqual(result.sources, SOURCES.map(source => ({ source, count: 0, ok: true })));
 });
+
+// #68: Node's network-family auto-selection gives each address a short attempt
+// timeout, abandons a slow IPv4 handshake for an unreachable IPv6 address, and
+// reports only `fetch failed`. This is the shape Node 24 throws for it.
+function addressSelectionFailure() {
+  const v4 = Object.assign(new Error('connect ETIMEDOUT 198.118.194.34:443'), { code: 'ETIMEDOUT' });
+  const v6 = Object.assign(new Error('connect ENETUNREACH 2001:4d0:241a:40c0::34:443'), { code: 'ENETUNREACH' });
+  const cause = Object.assign(new AggregateError([v4, v6]), { code: 'ETIMEDOUT' });
+  return new TypeError('fetch failed', { cause });
+}
+// Node 26's fetch wraps the same AggregateError in a ConnectTimeoutError.
+function wrappedAddressSelectionFailure() {
+  const inner = addressSelectionFailure().cause;
+  const cause = Object.assign(new Error('Connect Timeout Error (attempted addresses: 198.118.194.34:443, 2001:4d0:241a:40c0::34:443, timeout: 10000ms)'),
+    { name: 'ConnectTimeoutError', code: 'UND_ERR_CONNECT_TIMEOUT', cause: inner });
+  return new TypeError('fetch failed', { cause });
+}
+const URL_WITH_KEY = 'https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/api/area/csv/SECRET/VIIRS_SNPP_NRT/world/2';
+
+test('FIRMS failures log the socket cause, never the keyed URL', () => {
+  const described = describeFetchError(addressSelectionFailure());
+  assert.equal(described,
+    'fetch failed (connect ETIMEDOUT 198.118.194.34:443; connect ENETUNREACH 2001:4d0:241a:40c0::34:443)');
+  assert.ok(!described.includes('SECRET'));
+  assert.equal(describeFetchError(wrappedAddressSelectionFailure()), described, 'Node 26 reports the same attempts');
+  const single = new TypeError('fetch failed', { cause: Object.assign(new Error('getaddrinfo ENOTFOUND x'), { code: 'ENOTFOUND' }) });
+  assert.equal(describeFetchError(single), 'fetch failed (getaddrinfo ENOTFOUND x)');
+  assert.equal(describeFetchError(new Error('HTTP 503')), 'HTTP 503');
+});
+
+test('FIRMS retries once over IPv4 when every address fails to connect', async () => {
+  for (const shape of [addressSelectionFailure, wrappedAddressSelectionFailure]) {
+    const retried = [];
+    await fetchFirms(URL_WITH_KEY, {}, {
+      fetchImpl: async () => { throw shape(); },
+      fetchIpv4Impl: async (url) => { retried.push(url); return new Response('csv'); },
+      warn() {},
+    });
+    assert.deepEqual(retried, [URL_WITH_KEY], `${shape.name} is retried`);
+  }
+  const signal = new AbortController().signal;
+  const ok = new Response('csv');
+  const retried = [];
+  const warnings = [];
+  const response = await fetchFirms(URL_WITH_KEY, { signal }, {
+    fetchImpl: async () => { throw addressSelectionFailure(); },
+    fetchIpv4Impl: async (url, options) => { retried.push([url, options]); return ok; },
+    warn: (message) => warnings.push(message),
+  });
+  assert.equal(response, ok);
+  assert.deepEqual(retried, [[URL_WITH_KEY, { signal }]], 'one retry, same URL and deadline');
+  assert.equal(warnings.length, 1);
+  assert.match(warnings[0], /ETIMEDOUT 198\.118\.194\.34:443; .*ENETUNREACH .* retrying over IPv4/);
+  assert.ok(!warnings[0].includes('SECRET'));
+
+  const failure = new Error('connect ETIMEDOUT 198.118.194.34:443');
+  await assert.rejects(fetchFirms(URL_WITH_KEY, {}, {
+    fetchImpl: async () => { throw addressSelectionFailure(); },
+    fetchIpv4Impl: async () => { throw failure; },
+    warn() {},
+  }), (err) => err === failure, 'a failed retry reports its own error');
+});
+
+test('FIRMS does not retry anything but an address-selection failure', async () => {
+  const deps = (fetchImpl) => ({
+    fetchImpl,
+    fetchIpv4Impl: async () => assert.fail('must not retry'),
+    warn: () => assert.fail('must not warn'),
+  });
+  const serverError = new Response('down', { status: 503 });
+  assert.equal(await fetchFirms(URL_WITH_KEY, {}, deps(async () => serverError)), serverError);
+  for (const thrown of [
+    new TypeError('fetch failed', { cause: Object.assign(new Error('getaddrinfo ENOTFOUND x'), { code: 'ENOTFOUND' }) }),
+    new TypeError('fetch failed', { cause: new AggregateError([]) }),
+    new TypeError('fetch failed'),
+    new DOMException('The operation was aborted due to timeout', 'TimeoutError'),
+  ]) {
+    await assert.rejects(fetchFirms(URL_WITH_KEY, {}, deps(async () => { throw thrown; })), (err) => err === thrown);
+  }
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  controller.abort();
+  const aborted = addressSelectionFailure();
+  await assert.rejects(fetchFirms(URL_WITH_KEY, { signal: controller.signal },
+    deps(async () => { throw aborted; })), (err) => err === aborted, 'an expired deadline is not retried');
+});
+
+test('the IPv4 retry connects to an IPv4 address only', async (t) => {
+  // `localhost` resolves to both ::1 and 127.0.0.1. Listen on both with the
+  // same port and record which one the retry reaches; the TLS handshake then
+  // fails against a plain socket, which is fine — only the connection matters.
+  const reached = [];
+  const listen = (host, port) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const server = net.createServer((socket) => { reached.push(host); socket.destroy(); });
+    server.once('error', reject).listen(port, host, () => resolve(server));
+  });
+  const v4 = await listen('127.0.0.1', 0);
+  t.after(() => v4.close());
+  const { port } = v4.address();
+  let v6;
+  try {
+    v6 = await listen('::1', port);
+  } catch {
+    t.skip('no IPv6 loopback on this host, so IPv4-only cannot be told apart');
+    return;
+  }
+  t.after(() => v6.close());
+  const order = await dns.lookup('localhost', { all: true });
+  if (order[0]?.family !== 6) {
+    t.skip('localhost resolves IPv4 first here, so IPv4-only cannot be told apart');
+    return;
+  }
+  await assert.rejects(fetchIpv4(`https://localhost:${port}/`, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(5_000) }));
+  assert.deepEqual(reached, ['127.0.0.1']);
+});
+
+// Answer the IPv4 retry with `status`, invoking the response callback
+// asynchronously as `https.request` does, outside the caller's promise.
+// The returned promise rejects on an uncaught exception, so a regression fails
+// the race at once instead of crashing the test runner.
+function mockIpv4Status(t, status, statusMessage = '') {
+  let crash;
+  const crashed = new Promise((_resolve, reject) => (crash = reject));
+  const onUncaught = (error) =>
+    crash(new Error(`uncaught exception: ${error.message}`));
+  process.on('uncaughtException', onUncaught);
+  t.after(() => process.off('uncaughtException', onUncaught));
+  t.mock.method(https, 'request', (_url, _options, callback) => {
+    const request = new EventEmitter();
+    request.end = () =>
+      setImmediate(() =>
+        callback(
+          Object.assign(Readable.from([]), {
+            statusCode: status,
+            statusMessage,
+            headers: { 'content-type': 'text/csv' },
+          }),
+        ),
+      );
+    return request;
+  });
+  return crashed;
+}
+
+for (const status of [204, 205, 304]) {
+  test(`the IPv4 retry answering null-body status ${status} resolves instead of crashing`, async (t) => {
+    const crashed = mockIpv4Status(t, status);
+    const response = await Promise.race([fetchIpv4(URL_WITH_KEY), crashed]);
+    assert.equal(response.status, status);
+    assert.equal(response.body, null);
+  });
+}
+
+for (const status of [600, 999]) {
+  test(`the IPv4 retry answering out-of-range status ${status} rejects instead of crashing`, async (t) => {
+    const crashed = mockIpv4Status(t, status);
+    await assert.rejects(
+      Promise.race([fetchIpv4(URL_WITH_KEY), crashed]),
+      new RegExp(`unsupported status ${status}`),
+    );
+  });
+}
+
+test('the IPv4 retry answering an invalid reason phrase rejects instead of crashing', async (t) => {
+  const crashed = mockIpv4Status(t, 200, 'OK\x7f');
+  await assert.rejects(Promise.race([fetchIpv4(URL_WITH_KEY), crashed]), TypeError);
+});
+
+// The fixtures above copy Node's error shape; check it against a real fetch so
+// a Node or undici change that stops matching fails here instead of silently
+// disabling the retry. A closed port on `localhost` refuses both addresses.
+test('a real all-addresses connect failure is recognised as address selection', async (t) => {
+  const probe = net.createServer();
+  try {
+    await new Promise((resolve, reject) => probe.once('error', reject).listen(0, '::1', resolve));
+  } catch {
+    t.skip('no IPv6 loopback on this host');
+    return;
+  }
+  const { port } = probe.address();
+  await new Promise((resolve) => probe.close(resolve));
+  const v4 = net.createServer();
+  await new Promise((resolve, reject) => v4.once('error', reject).listen(port, '127.0.0.1', resolve));
+  await new Promise((resolve) => v4.close(resolve));
+  const err = await fetch(`http://localhost:${port}/`).then(() => null, (error) => error);
+  assert.ok(err, 'a closed port refuses the connection');
+  assert.equal(isAddressSelectionFailure(err), true, describeFetchError(err));
+  assert.match(describeFetchError(err), /ECONNREFUSED .*; .*ECONNREFUSED/);
+});
+
+// #68 only stays fixed while both upstream calls go through fetchFirms; the
+// refresh harness injects fetchSource, so guard the call sites directly.
+test('every FIRMS upstream request goes through the IPv4 fallback', async () => {
+  assert.doesNotMatch(config, /await fetch\(/, 'no FIRMS request bypasses fetchFirms');
+  const fetchStart = config.indexOf('  async function fetchSource(key, source) {');
+  assert.notEqual(fetchStart, -1, 'FIRMS fetchSource exists');
+  const fetchSourceText = config.slice(fetchStart, config.indexOf('\n  }', fetchStart) + 4);
+  const calls = [];
+  const response = new Response('latitude,longitude\n');
+  const fetchSource = new Function('fetchFirms', 'readResponseTextCapped', 'parseFirmsCsv',
+    'FIRMS_MAX_RESPONSE_BYTES', 'AbortSignal', 'fetch', `return (${fetchSourceText});`)(
+    async (url, options) => { calls.push(['fetchFirms', url, options.signal]); return response; },
+    async (res, cap, signal) => { calls.push(['read', res, signal]); return 'csv'; },
+    () => [],
+    1024,
+    AbortSignal,
+    () => assert.fail('fetchSource must call fetchFirms, not fetch'),
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(await fetchSource('SECRET', 'MODIS_NRT'), []);
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 2);
+  assert.equal(calls[0][0], 'fetchFirms');
+  assert.ok(calls[0][2] instanceof AbortSignal);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls[1], ['read', response, calls[0][2]], 'the body read shares the request deadline');
+});

src/data/focusDeemphasis.js

@@ -555,6 +555,21 @@ export function advanceFocusEvidenceNowMs(deltaMs) {
   return _focusEvidenceNowMs;
 }
 
+/**
+ * True when a sprite holds no dimming state, or has settled at full emphasis
+ * with nothing pending. Advancing such a sprite without a screen position (a
+ * hidden sprite) changes neither its state nor its alpha, so a layer pass may
+ * skip it.
+ * @param {object} sprite
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+export function spriteFocusAtRest(sprite) {
+  const state = _spriteStates.get(sprite);
+  return (
+    !state || (state.factor === 1 && state.desired === 1 && !state.wasFarther)
+  );
+}
+
 /** Forget state when a primitive is removed from its owning collection. */
 export function forgetSpriteFocus(sprite) {
   if (sprite) _spriteStates.delete(sprite);

src/data/trafficPresetStyle.js

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  *    jam keeps a size bump so queues read as fat beads.
  *  - `crt` (retro): saturated primaries that survive 10-level posterization
  *    plus an all-bucket size boost to out-shout the pixel grid.
- *  - `normal` (normal/anime/snow/unknown): every lookup returns null/0 —
+ *  - `normal` (normal/anime/unknown): every lookup returns null/0 —
  *    the shipped palette and sizing apply untouched.
  *
  * Sim/uncovered dots (bucket null/'sim') are NEVER restyled under any

src/data/trafficPresetStyle.test.mjs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ const luma = ([r, g, b]) => (0.299 * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114 * b) / 255;
 
 const BUCKETS = ['free', 'slow', 'jam'];
 const MONO_STYLES = ['surveillance', 'thermal', 'noir'];
-const NORMAL_STYLES = ['normal', 'anime', 'snow', 'does-not-exist', '', undefined, null];
+const NORMAL_STYLES = ['normal', 'anime', 'does-not-exist', '', undefined, null];
 
 test('profile mapping: NVG/FLIR/noir are mono, retro is crt, everything else normal', () => {
   for (const s of MONO_STYLES) assert.equal(trafficStyleProfile(s), 'mono', s);

src/data/transitPresetStyle.js

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  *    black sprite with a light ring is what a hot object looks like there.
  *  - `crt` (retro): saturated per-mode colours that survive posterisation,
  *    a size boost to out-shout the pixel grid, and a thinner halo.
- *  - `normal` (normal/anime/snow/unknown): every lookup returns the shipped
+ *  - `normal` (normal/anime/unknown): every lookup returns the shipped
  *    value — mode colour, shipped size, hairline edge only.
  *
  * Brackets are a different matter. The detection canvas composites ABOVE the

src/data/transitPresetStyle.test.mjs

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ test('profile mapping: NVG/FLIR/noir and cockpit nvg are mono, retro is crt, eve
   for (const plain of [
     'normal',
     'anime',
-    'snow',
     'minecraft',
     '',
     null,

src/director/document.test.mjs

@@ -135,6 +135,15 @@ test('document byte, nesting, collection, finite-number and string bounds are en
   );
 });
 
+test('a shot saved with the retired Snow style migrates to Normal', () => {
+  const project = fixture();
+  project.scenes[0].shots[0].visual = { style: 'snow' };
+  const migrated = normalizeProject(
+    parseSceneDocument(JSON.stringify(project)),
+  );
+  assert.equal(migrated.scenes[0].shots[0].visual.style, 'normal');
+});
+
 test('captured scope and extended detection edits survive migration', () => {
   const project = fixture();
   project.scenes[0].shots[0].visual = {

src/firstRunExperience.test.mjs

@@ -374,24 +374,26 @@ test('an overlay with NO class to watch still disarms the launcher', () => {
   assert.match(covered, /\} catch \{\s*\n\s*return false;\s*\n\s*\}/);
 });
 
-test('one ESC does one thing — the radio disclosure stops the launcher outright', () => {
+test('one ESC does one thing — a Cockpit utility disclosure stops later document listeners', () => {
   const ui = fs.readFileSync(
     new URL('./ui/radioBindings.js', import.meta.url),
     'utf8',
   );
 
-  // stopPropagation() does NOT stop later listeners on the SAME document, so the
-  // disclosure's earlier capture handler closed the disclosure and the launcher
-  // dismissed itself off the same key. The earlier listener is the only one that
-  // can stop the later one — and only the immediate form does it.
-  const radioEsc = ui.slice(ui.indexOf("event.key !== 'Escape' ||"));
-  const claim = radioEsc.slice(0, radioEsc.indexOf('setRadioDisclosure(false'));
+  // stopPropagation() does NOT stop later listeners on the SAME document. The
+  // Context Radio disclosure that once raced the launcher this way is gone, and
+  // Cockpit's utility disclosures never share the screen with the launcher, but
+  // they own the same contract: their capture handler is the only one that can
+  // keep a later document listener (Cockpit exit, the launcher) off the key, and
+  // only the immediate form does it.
+  const utilityEsc = ui.slice(ui.indexOf('if (!displayOpen && !radioOpen) return;'));
+  const claim = utilityEsc.slice(0, utilityEsc.indexOf('setCockpitDisclosure(kind, false'));
   assert.match(claim, /event\.preventDefault\(\);/);
   assert.match(claim, /event\.stopImmediatePropagation\(\);/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(
     claim,
     /event\.stopPropagation\(\);/,
-    'the plain form leaves the launcher listening and is the defect itself',
+    'the plain form leaves later document listeners acting on the same key',
   );
 
   // Belt on the launcher side: a key another surface already marked is not ours,
@@ -1022,14 +1024,10 @@ test('the voice TOOL SCHEMA matches the pinned contract — the mission mapping
   );
   const hudLayout = legacyTools.find((tool) => tool.name === 'set_hud')
     .parameters.properties.layout;
-  assert.deepEqual(hudLayout.enum, [
-    'tactical',
-    'operator',
-    'minimal',
-    'cyber',
-  ]);
-  // Cyber deliberately adds one layout; first-run missions still change no tools.
-  hudLayout.enum = hudLayout.enum.filter((layout) => layout !== 'cyber');
+  assert.deepEqual(hudLayout.enum, ['tactical', 'minimal', 'cyber']);
+  // Cyber deliberately adds one layout and Operator was retired; first-run
+  // missions still change no tools.
+  hudLayout.enum = ['tactical', 'operator', 'minimal'];
   const cameraMotion = legacyTools.find((tool) => tool.name === 'move_camera')
     .parameters.properties.motion;
   assert.deepEqual(cameraMotion.enum, [
@@ -1040,6 +1038,19 @@ test('the voice TOOL SCHEMA matches the pinned contract — the mission mapping
     'rotate_globe',
     'stop',
   ]);
+  // Snow is retired from set_visual_style; restore it to keep the legacy pin.
+  const visualStyle = legacyTools.find(
+    (tool) => tool.name === 'set_visual_style',
+  ).parameters.properties.style;
+  assert.deepEqual(visualStyle.enum, [
+    'normal',
+    'retro',
+    'surveillance',
+    'thermal',
+    'anime',
+    'noir',
+  ]);
+  visualStyle.enum = [...visualStyle.enum, 'snow'];
   const block = JSON.stringify(legacyTools);
   // Re-derived for the voice layer manifest (generated layer enums, alias and
   // field hints), point-and-ask's pointer/referent arguments and the prompt

src/hud.js

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import { applicationServices } from './services/application.js';
  * real-time at configurable cadences.
  *
  * The HUD auto-activates when a military-style shader (NVG, FLIR, CRT) is
- * selected and supports three layout variants: tactical, operator, minimal.
+ * selected and supports the layout variants: tactical, minimal, cyber.
  *
  * Color theming is driven by the active shader mode via CSS custom properties.
  */
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ const MODE_LABELS = Object.freeze({
   thermal: msg('FLIR'),
   anime: msg('ANIME'),
   noir: msg('NOIR'),
-  snow: msg('SNOW'),
 });
 
 /** Region ids from _regionLabel() and the name shown for each. */
@@ -288,12 +287,6 @@ export class IntelHUD {
     this._el.innerHTML = `
       <div class="hud-sonar" aria-hidden="true"></div>
 
-      <div class="hud-top-bar">
-        <span class="hud-readout"><span class="hud-top-bar-left">TOP SECRET // SI-TK // NOFORN</span></span>
-        <span class="hud-readout"><span class="hud-top-bar-center">${this._missionId}</span></span>
-        <span class="hud-readout"><span class="hud-top-bar-right">PAGE 1/1</span></span>
-      </div>
-
       <div class="hud-corner hud-top-left">
         <div class="hud-bracket">┌</div>
         <div class="hud-content">
@@ -1063,7 +1056,7 @@ export class IntelHUD {
    * Switch the HUD layout variant. Falls back to `'tactical'` if the
    * name is unrecognized. Cyber also applies a coordinated skin to the full
    * application shell; leaving Cyber restores the standard shell tokens.
-   * @param {string} variantName - One of `'tactical'`, `'operator'`, `'minimal'`, `'cyber'`.
+   * @param {string} variantName - One of `'tactical'`, `'minimal'`, `'cyber'`.
    */
   setVariant(variantName) {
     this._variant = normalizeHudLayout(variantName);

src/hudAltitudeDatum.test.mjs

@@ -575,3 +575,25 @@ test('a summary interrupted while typing can retry unchanged context', async (t)
     env.restore();
   }
 });
+
+// ── Retired layouts ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Share links keep the retired Operator code, so old links still name it. The
+// real HUD, not a caller, is what turns it into the default Tactical layout.
+
+test('a retired Operator layout falls back to Tactical in the live HUD', () => {
+  const env = installHudEnvironment();
+  let hud;
+  try {
+    hud = new IntelHUD(env.viewer);
+    hud._el = { dataset: {} };
+    hud.setVariant('minimal');
+    assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'minimal');
+    hud.setVariant('operator');
+    assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'tactical');
+    assert.equal(hud._el.dataset.variant, 'tactical');
+  } finally {
+    hud?.destroy();
+    env.restore();
+  }
+});

src/hudLayoutPolicy.js

@@ -1,7 +1,2 @@
 /** Browser-free layout vocabulary shared by UI and server-side voice tools. */
-export const HUD_LAYOUTS = Object.freeze([
-  'tactical',
-  'operator',
-  'minimal',
-  'cyber',
-]);
+export const HUD_LAYOUTS = Object.freeze(['tactical', 'minimal', 'cyber']);

src/hudLocalityFormat.js

@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ import { formatNumber, getLocale, t } from './i18n/index.js';
 import { unitLabel } from './ui/unitLabels.js';
 import { localizePlaceName } from './ui/placeNames.js';
 
-/** An upper-case HUD quantity such as `13KM` / `13КМ`, in the active language. */
+/**
+ * An upper-case HUD quantity such as `13KM` / `13КМ`, in the active language.
+ * Chinese and Japanese have no case and keep the catalog's `13 km`.
+ */
 export function hudQuantity(value, unit, digits = 0) {
   const number = formatNumber(value, {
     useGrouping: false,
@@ -16,7 +19,7 @@ export function hudQuantity(value, unit, digits = 0) {
     maximumFractionDigits: digits,
   });
   const label = unitLabel(unit);
-  if (getLocale().startsWith('zh-'))
+  if (/^(zh|ja)(-|$)/.test(getLocale()))
     return label ? `${number} ${label}` : number;
   return `${number}${label.toUpperCase()}`;
 }

src/i18n/i18n.test.mjs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   applyDocumentTranslations,
   formatDate,
   formatNumber,
+  formatRelativeTime,
   msg,
   persistLocaleAndReload,
   setLocale,
@@ -33,8 +34,23 @@ function memoryStorage(initial = {}) {
 test('normalizeLocale folds regional variants and rejects unshipped tags', () => {
   assert.equal(normalizeLocale('ru-RU'), 'ru');
   assert.equal(normalizeLocale(' RU '), 'ru');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('uk'), 'uk');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('uk-UA'), 'uk');
   assert.equal(normalizeLocale('en_GB'), 'en');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('de'), 'de');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('de-AT'), 'de');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('de_CH'), 'de');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('fr'), 'fr');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('fr-CA'), 'fr');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('FR_be'), 'fr');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('pt-BR'), 'pt');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('pt_PT'), 'pt');
   assert.equal(normalizeLocale('xx'), null);
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('it-IT'), 'it');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('it_CH'), 'it');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('ja'), 'ja');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('ja-JP'), 'ja');
+  assert.equal(normalizeLocale('JA_jp'), 'ja');
   // Explicit script tags take precedence over regional defaults.
   assert.equal(normalizeLocale('zh'), 'zh-CN');
   assert.equal(normalizeLocale('zh-CN'), 'zh-CN');
@@ -68,7 +84,7 @@ test('resolveLocale: ?lang= wins, then the stored choice, then browser languages
     resolveLocale({
       location: { search: '?lang=xx' },
       storage: memoryStorage(),
-      languages: ['de-DE', 'ru-RU'],
+      languages: ['ko-KR', 'ru-RU'],
     }),
     'ru',
   );
@@ -76,7 +92,15 @@ test('resolveLocale: ?lang= wins, then the stored choice, then browser languages
     resolveLocale({
       location: { search: '' },
       storage: memoryStorage(),
-      languages: ['de'],
+      languages: ['de-DE', 'ru-RU'],
+    }),
+    'de',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    resolveLocale({
+      location: { search: '' },
+      storage: memoryStorage(),
+      languages: ['ko'],
     }),
     'en',
   );
@@ -142,6 +166,36 @@ test('tn() picks English and Russian plural forms', () => {
   assert.match(label(21), / 21 КЛЮЧ(?![А-ЯЁ])/);
 });
 
+test('tn() picks the Portuguese one, many and other forms', () => {
+  const label = (count) =>
+    tn(
+      count,
+      'POWER UP · {count} KEY WAITING',
+      'POWER UP · {count} KEYS WAITING',
+    );
+  setLocale('pt');
+  assert.equal(label(0), 'ATIVAR · 0 CHAVE PENDENTE');
+  assert.equal(label(1), 'ATIVAR · 1 CHAVE PENDENTE');
+  assert.equal(label(3), 'ATIVAR · 3 CHAVES PENDENTES');
+  assert.equal(label(1_000_000), 'ATIVAR · 1000000 DE CHAVES PENDENTES');
+});
+
+test('tn() picks the four Ukrainian plural forms', () => {
+  const label = (count) =>
+    tn(
+      count,
+      'POWER UP · {count} KEY WAITING',
+      'POWER UP · {count} KEYS WAITING',
+    );
+  setLocale('uk');
+  assert.match(label(1), / 1 КЛЮЧ(?![А-ЯҐЄІЇ])/);
+  assert.match(label(3), / 3 КЛЮЧІ(?![А-ЯҐЄІЇ])/);
+  assert.match(label(5), / 5 КЛЮЧІВ(?![А-ЯҐЄІЇ])/);
+  assert.match(label(11), / 11 КЛЮЧІВ(?![А-ЯҐЄІЇ])/);
+  assert.match(label(21), / 21 КЛЮЧ(?![А-ЯҐЄІЇ])/);
+  assert.match(label(1.5), / 1\.5 КЛЮЧА(?![А-ЯҐЄІЇ])/);
+});
+
 test('t() context separates identical English with different meanings', () => {
   assert.equal(t('CLEAR', { context: 'action' }), 'CLEAR');
   setLocale('ru');
@@ -164,7 +218,13 @@ test('Intl formatters follow the active locale', () => {
   assert.equal(formatNumber(1234.5), '1,234.5');
   setLocale('ru');
   assert.equal(formatDate(date, options), '15 января 2026 г.');
+  assert.equal(formatRelativeTime(-5, 'minute'), '5 минут назад');
   assert.equal(formatNumber(1234.5), '1 234,5');
+  // Japanese keeps a number and its unit together, as the catalog does.
+  setLocale('ja');
+  assert.equal(formatDate(date, options), '2026年1月15日');
+  assert.equal(formatRelativeTime(-5, 'minute'), '5分前');
+  assert.equal(formatRelativeTime(-3, 'day'), '3日前');
 });
 
 function fakeElement({ text = '', attributes = {} } = {}) {
@@ -200,6 +260,21 @@ test('applyDocumentTranslations translates opted-in text and attributes in place
   assert.equal(unknown.textContent, 'No such message');
 });
 
+test('applyDocumentTranslations reads data-i18n-context for element text', () => {
+  const option = fakeElement({
+    text: 'All',
+    attributes: { 'data-i18n-context': 'radio tag' },
+  });
+  const doc = {
+    querySelectorAll: (selector) =>
+      selector === '[data-i18n]' ? [option] : [],
+  };
+  setLocale('pt');
+  applyDocumentTranslations(doc);
+  assert.equal(option.textContent, t('All', { context: 'radio tag' }));
+  assert.notEqual(option.textContent, t('All'));
+});
+
 test('persistLocaleAndReload keeps the choice in ?lang when storage is blocked', () => {
   const calls = [];
   const location = {

src/i18n/index.js

@@ -16,12 +16,29 @@ import {
   normalizeLocale,
   writeStoredLocale,
 } from './locale.js';
+import de from './locales/de.json' with { type: 'json' };
 import es from './locales/es.json' with { type: 'json' };
+import fr from './locales/fr.json' with { type: 'json' };
+import it from './locales/it.json' with { type: 'json' };
+import ja from './locales/ja.json' with { type: 'json' };
+import pt from './locales/pt.json' with { type: 'json' };
 import ru from './locales/ru.json' with { type: 'json' };
+import uk from './locales/uk.json' with { type: 'json' };
 import zhCN from './locales/zh-CN.json' with { type: 'json' };
 import zhHant from './locales/zh-Hant.json' with { type: 'json' };
 
-const CATALOGS = Object.freeze({ es, ru, 'zh-CN': zhCN, 'zh-Hant': zhHant });
+const CATALOGS = Object.freeze({
+  de,
+  es,
+  fr,
+  it,
+  ja,
+  pt,
+  ru,
+  uk,
+  'zh-CN': zhCN,
+  'zh-Hant': zhHant,
+});
 
 let currentLocale = DEFAULT_LOCALE;
 
@@ -201,13 +218,19 @@ export function formatUtcDayMonth(value) {
 
 /**
  * Locale-aware relative time (Intl.RelativeTimeFormat), e.g.
- * formatRelativeTime(-5, 'minute') → '5 minutes ago' / '5 минут назад'.
+ * formatRelativeTime(-5, 'minute') → '5 minutes ago' / '5 минут назад' /
+ * '5分前'.
  */
 export function formatRelativeTime(value, unit = 'second', options) {
-  return cachedFormatter('relative', Intl.RelativeTimeFormat, {
+  const text = cachedFormatter('relative', Intl.RelativeTimeFormat, {
     numeric: 'auto',
     ...options,
   }).format(value, unit);
+  // CLDR spaces Japanese (5 分前); the ja catalog writes the number and its
+  // unit together (5分前), so the two must not differ on one screen.
+  return currentLocale === 'ja'
+    ? text.replace(/(?<=\d) (?=\p{Script=Han})/gu, '')
+    : text;
 }
 
 /** Collapse markup whitespace so a message reads the same in HTML and JS. */
@@ -221,7 +244,9 @@ function normalizeMarkupText(text) {
  * Markup opt-in: the element's own English text or attribute is the source.
  *   <span data-i18n>Normal</span>
  *   <button title="Pin" data-i18n-title>…</button>
- * Also data-i18n-aria-label and data-i18n-placeholder.
+ * Also data-i18n-aria-label and data-i18n-placeholder. data-i18n-context
+ * gives the element's text a context, as t(text, { context }) does:
+ *   <option data-i18n data-i18n-context="radio tag">All</option>
  */
 const DOCUMENT_TRANSLATION_TARGETS = Object.freeze([
   ['data-i18n', null],
@@ -246,7 +271,10 @@ export function applyDocumentTranslations(doc) {
         ? element.getAttribute(attribute)
         : normalizeMarkupText(element.textContent);
       if (!source) continue;
-      const text = t(source);
+      const context = attribute
+        ? null
+        : element.getAttribute?.('data-i18n-context');
+      const text = context ? t(source, { context }) : t(source);
       if (text === source) continue;
       if (attribute) element.setAttribute(attribute, text);
       else element.textContent = text;

src/i18n/ja-display.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { setLocale } from './index.js';
+import {
+  cockpitUnitCase,
+  formatCockpitDistance,
+} from '../ui/cockpitPresentation.js';
+
+test('Japanese cockpit distances keep the unit in its own case', () => {
+  try {
+    setLocale('ja');
+    assert.equal(formatCockpitDistance(14000), '14 km');
+    assert.equal(formatCockpitDistance(9500), '9.5 km');
+    assert.equal(cockpitUnitCase('km'), 'km');
+    setLocale('en');
+    assert.equal(formatCockpitDistance(14000), '14 KM');
+    assert.equal(cockpitUnitCase('km'), 'KM');
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+});

src/i18n/ja-hud-units.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { setLocale } from './index.js';
+import { hudQuantity, LOCALIZED_LOCALITY } from '../hudLocalityFormat.js';
+import { formatCockpitDistance } from '../ui/cockpitPresentation.js';
+
+// revmain-opus-ja-i1-1: ja has no case, so HUD units keep the catalog case
+// (km), as the cockpit already does and docs/translations/ja.md requires.
+test('Japanese HUD units keep their case, like the cockpit', () => {
+  try {
+    setLocale('ja');
+    assert.equal(formatCockpitDistance(14000), '14 km');
+    assert.equal(hudQuantity(13, 'km'), '13 km');
+    assert.equal(hudQuantity(1.5, 'km', 1), '1.5 km');
+    assert.equal(
+      LOCALIZED_LOCALITY.near({ poi: 'Shibuya', city: 'Tokyo', distKm: 13 }),
+      'SHIBUYA（東京）付近 13 km',
+    );
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+});

src/i18n/locale.js

@@ -8,13 +8,31 @@ export const LOCALE_STORAGE_KEY = 'gev:locale:v1';
 export const DEFAULT_LOCALE = 'en';
 
 /** Shipped locales; order does not matter. Adding one: docs/TRANSLATORS.md. */
-export const LOCALES = Object.freeze(['en', 'es', 'ru', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant']);
+export const LOCALES = Object.freeze([
+  'en',
+  'de',
+  'es',
+  'fr',
+  'it',
+  'ja',
+  'pt',
+  'ru',
+  'uk',
+  'zh-CN',
+  'zh-Hant',
+]);
 
 /** Each locale named in its own language, for the selector. */
 export const LOCALE_NAMES = Object.freeze({
   en: 'English',
+  de: 'Deutsch',
   es: 'Español',
+  fr: 'Français',
+  it: 'Italiano',
+  ja: '日本語',
+  pt: 'Português (Brasil)',
   ru: 'Русский',
+  uk: 'Українська',
   'zh-CN': '中文（简体）',
   'zh-Hant': '中文（繁體）',
 });
@@ -24,6 +42,8 @@ const RTL_LOCALES = Object.freeze([]);
 
 /**
  * Map any language tag to a shipped locale: 'ru-RU' and 'RU' → 'ru',
+ * 'de-AT' and 'de_CH' → 'de', 'ja-JP' → 'ja',
+ * 'pt-BR' and 'pt-PT' → 'pt' (Brazilian Portuguese),
  * 'zh', 'zh-CN' and 'zh-Hans-SG' → 'zh-CN';
  * 'zh-Hant', 'zh-TW', 'zh-HK' and 'zh-MO' → 'zh-Hant'.
  * @returns {string|null}

src/i18n/locales/es.json

@@ -66,8 +66,6 @@
   "Anime": "Anime",
   "Apply high-contrast monochrome film-noir grading.": "Aplica una gradación monocroma de alto contraste estilo film noir.",
   "Noir": "Noir",
-  "Add a cold, snowy whiteout treatment to the scene.": "Añade a la escena un tratamiento frío de ventisca blanca.",
-  "Snow": "Nieve",
   "MAP SOURCE": "FUENTE DEL MAPA",
   "Map source": "Fuente del mapa",
   "Style": "Estilo",
@@ -76,7 +74,6 @@
   "Layout": "Disposición",
   "HUD layout": "Disposición del HUD",
   "Tactical": "Táctica",
-  "Operator": "De operador",
   "Minimal": "Mínima",
   "Detection Overlay (D)": "Superposición de detección (D)",
   "Detection overlay": "Superposición de detección",
@@ -198,21 +195,13 @@
   "AVAILABLE MISSIONS": "MISIONES DISPONIBLES",
   "SELECT A MISSION TO INSPECT": "SELECCIONA UNA MISIÓN PARA INSPECCIONAR",
   "LOADING 30-DAY MISSION INDEX": "CARGANDO ÍNDICE DE MISIONES DE 30 DÍAS",
-  "Open compact Radio controls": "Abrir los controles compactos de Radio",
-  "Compact Radio controls": "Controles compactos de Radio",
   "RADIO": "RADIO",
-  "RADIO READY": "RADIO LISTA",
-  "Open detailed Radio controls": "Abrir los controles detallados de Radio",
-  "Close compact Radio controls": "Cerrar los controles compactos de Radio",
   "ENABLE": "ACTIVAR",
   "Previous filtered radio station": "Emisora de radio filtrada anterior",
-  "Previous station": "Emisora anterior",
   "Play selected radio station": "Reproducir la emisora de radio seleccionada",
   "Play": "Reproducir",
   "Next filtered radio station": "Siguiente emisora de radio filtrada",
-  "Next station": "Siguiente emisora",
   "VOLUME": "VOLUMEN",
-  "Compact Radio volume": "Volumen de la Radio compacta",
   "Cockpit display and Radio controls": "Controles de visualización y Radio de la cabina",
   "Expand Cockpit display options": "Expandir las opciones de visualización de la cabina",
   "Cockpit display options": "Opciones de visualización de la cabina",
@@ -357,8 +346,6 @@
   "selected": "seleccionada",
   "nearest": "más cercana",
   "{action} {target} radio station": "{action} la emisora de radio {target}",
-  "RADIO STATE UNCERTAIN": "ESTADO DE RADIO SIN CONFIRMAR",
-  "SYNCING DIRECTORY": "SINCRONIZANDO DIRECTORIO",
   "SYNCING": "SINCRONIZANDO",
   "station": "emisora",
   "Ready": "Listo",
@@ -382,6 +369,11 @@
     "many": "{count} de cámaras cargadas · activa CCTV para activarlas",
     "other": "{count} cámaras cargadas · activa CCTV para activarlas"
   },
+  "{count} more cameras outside this view · pan or zoom out": {
+    "one": "{count} cámara más fuera de esta vista · desplaza o aleja",
+    "many": "{count} de cámaras más fuera de esta vista · desplaza o aleja",
+    "other": "{count} cámaras más fuera de esta vista · desplaza o aleja"
+  },
   "No summary available.": "No hay resumen disponible.",
   "Celestial ring — available in Normal style": "Anillo celestial — disponible en el estilo Normal",
   "Detection overlay: {mode}": "Superposición de detección: {mode}",
@@ -760,14 +752,8 @@
   "The globe already flies keyless. Every key below switches on another real feed — paste one and it's saved into this app's local configuration, then the server restarts itself. Server-side keys stay on this machine; Google Maps and Cesium ion run in the browser and must be provider-restricted. Keys you configured elsewhere are shown but never touched.": "El globo ya funciona sin claves. Cada clave de abajo activa otra fuente real — pega una y queda guardada en la configuración local de esta app, y luego el servidor se reinicia solo. Las claves del servidor se quedan en esta máquina; Google Maps y Cesium ion funcionan en el navegador y sus claves deben restringirse en la consola del proveedor. Las claves que configuraste en otro lugar se muestran, pero nunca se modifican.",
   "ESC to close": "ESC para cerrar",
   "The Google Maps key buys the photorealistic planet — everything else stacks on top.": "La clave de Google Maps activa el planeta fotorrealista; todo lo demás se superpone.",
-  "SCENES": "ESCENAS",
-  "Scene recipe": "Receta de escena",
-  "NEW": "NUEVA",
   "DEL": "BORRAR",
-  "CAPTURE SHOT": "CAPTURAR PLANO",
   "UPDATE SHOT": "ACTUALIZAR PLANO",
-  "START": "INICIAR",
-  "EXPORT PRESETS": "EXPORTAR PREAJUSTES",
   "IMPORT": "IMPORTAR",
   "RUN LOG": "REGISTRO DE EJECUCIÓN",
   "Starting live contacts…": "Iniciando contactos en vivo…",
@@ -2172,7 +2158,7 @@
   "Low-accuracy score 2–10%": "Índice de baja precisión 2–10%",
   "Low-accuracy score > 10%": "Índice de baja precisión > 10%",
   "GNSS integrity source unavailable": "Fuente de integridad GNSS no disponible",
-  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over 30 min": "Muestra regional · radio de 250 NM · celdas de las vistas visitadas en 30 min",
+  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over {minutes} min": "Muestra regional · radio de 250 NM · celdas de las vistas visitadas en {minutes} min",
   "Retrying automatically at {time} UTC": "Reintento automático a las {time} UTC",
   "Retrying automatically after provider cooldown": "Reintento automático tras la pausa del proveedor",
   "Updates automatically after pan or zoom and once a minute. The public feed covers a 250-nautical-mile circle around the view centre; zooming out does not make it a worldwide snapshot. Blank cells are outside sampled coverage or have insufficient observations.": "Se actualiza automáticamente al desplazar o hacer zoom y una vez por minuto. El feed público cubre un círculo de 250 millas náuticas alrededor del centro de la vista; alejarte no lo convierte en una instantánea mundial. Las celdas vacías están fuera de la cobertura muestreada o no tienen observaciones suficientes.",
@@ -2227,6 +2213,8 @@
   "GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY is not set": "GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY no está configurada",
   "The Google Maps JavaScript API could not load": "No se pudo cargar la API de Maps JavaScript de Google",
   "Weather request timed out": "La petición del clima agotó el tiempo de espera",
+  "Cyclone request timed out": "La petición de ciclones agotó el tiempo de espera",
+  "Malformed cyclone snapshot": "Instantánea de ciclones mal formada",
   "Malformed weather manifest": "Manifiesto del clima mal formado",
   "Weather HTTP {status}": "Clima: HTTP {status}",
   "Weather image HTTP {status}": "Imagen del clima: HTTP {status}",
@@ -2442,8 +2430,6 @@
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a route": "Sal de la cabina para volar a una ruta",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a file": "Sal de la cabina para volar a un archivo",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a scene": "Sal de la cabina para volar a una escena",
-  "Go to expanded Radio section": "Ir a la sección de Radio expandida",
-  "Expand Radio section in Context": "Expandir la sección de Radio en Contexto",
   "New scene name": "Nombre de la nueva escena",
   "Delete scene \"{scene}\" and all shots?": "¿Eliminar la escena \"{scene}\" y todos sus planos?",
   "Detailed outline unavailable": "Contorno detallado no disponible",
@@ -3004,5 +2990,28 @@
   "Preview is off.": "La vista previa está desactivada.",
   "Automatic stop is unavailable for this voice connection.": "La parada automática no está disponible para esta conexión de voz.",
   "routing busy — too many routes at once": "servicio de rutas ocupado: demasiadas rutas a la vez",
-  "route proxy error": "error del proxy de rutas"
+  "route proxy error": "error del proxy de rutas",
+  "AUTHORING": "CREACIÓN",
+  "Create and edit scenes": "Crea y edita escenas",
+  "SCENE": "ESCENA",
+  "Scene": "Escena",
+  "NEW SCENE": "NUEVA ESCENA",
+  "Start a new, empty scene": "Empieza una escena nueva y vacía",
+  "DELETE": "ELIMINAR",
+  "Delete this scene and all of its shots": "Elimina esta escena y todos sus planos",
+  "SHOTS": "PLANOS",
+  "+ CAPTURE SHOT": "+ CAPTURAR PLANO",
+  "Add the current view, style and layers as the next shot": "Añade la vista, el estilo y las capas actuales como el siguiente plano",
+  "Replace the selected shot with the current view": "Sustituye el plano seleccionado por la vista actual",
+  "Click a shot to select it, double-click to rename.": "Haz clic en un plano para seleccionarlo y doble clic para cambiarle el nombre.",
+  "scene|PLAY": "REPROD.",
+  "Stop playback (Esc)": "Detén la reproducción (Esc)",
+  "SAVE & SHARE": "GUARDAR Y COMPARTIR",
+  "Download every scene as a JSON file you can import later": "Descarga todas las escenas como un archivo JSON que puedes importar más tarde",
+  "Load scenes from an exported JSON file": "Carga escenas desde un archivo JSON exportado",
+  "Download the timing log of the last play": "Descarga el registro de tiempos de la última reproducción",
+  "Play from this scene through the rest of the project": "Reproduce desde esta escena hasta el resto del proyecto",
+  "Play the shot after the selected one, moving on to the next scene when needed": "Reproduce el plano posterior al seleccionado y pasa a la siguiente escena si hace falta",
+  "Edit anchors, data packs and shot details": "Edita anclas, paquetes de datos y detalles de los planos",
+  "Download this scene as JSON or an asset bundle": "Descarga esta escena como JSON o como paquete de recursos"
 }

src/i18n/locales/ru.json

@@ -342,6 +342,12 @@
     "many": "Загружено {count} камер · включите CCTV, чтобы активировать",
     "other": "Загружено {count} камеры · включите CCTV, чтобы активировать"
   },
+  "{count} more cameras outside this view · pan or zoom out": {
+    "one": "Ещё {count} камера вне этого вида · сдвиньте или отдалите",
+    "few": "Ещё {count} камеры вне этого вида · сдвиньте или отдалите",
+    "many": "Ещё {count} камер вне этого вида · сдвиньте или отдалите",
+    "other": "Ещё {count} камеры вне этого вида · сдвиньте или отдалите"
+  },
   "Enable CCTV to load camera intersections": "Включите CCTV, чтобы загрузить камеры на перекрёстках",
   "Enable CCTV to start camera-linked intelligence summaries.": "Включите CCTV, чтобы запускать сводки по камерам.",
   "No summary available.": "Сводка недоступна.",
@@ -416,7 +422,6 @@
   "Thermal": "Тепловизор",
   "Anime": "Аниме",
   "Noir": "Нуар",
-  "Snow": "Снег",
   "Current cockpit vision style: {style}. Activate for next style.": "Текущий стиль обзора кабины: {style}. Активируйте, чтобы переключить на следующий.",
   "Current style: {style} — click for next": "Текущий стиль: {style} — нажмите для следующего",
   "AIRCRAFT": "САМОЛЁТ",
@@ -553,8 +558,6 @@
   "Expand Cockpit display options": "Развернуть параметры экрана кабины",
   "Collapse Cockpit Radio controls": "Свернуть управление радио кабины",
   "Expand Cockpit Radio controls": "Развернуть управление радио кабины",
-  "Close compact Radio controls": "Закрыть компактное управление радио",
-  "Open compact Radio controls": "Открыть компактное управление радио",
   "DIRECTORY BAND": "ДИАПАЗОН КАТАЛОГА",
   "{category} BAND": "ДИАПАЗОН {category}",
   "NO STATION SELECTED": "СТАНЦИЯ НЕ ВЫБРАНА",
@@ -568,9 +571,6 @@
   "selected": "выбранную",
   "nearest": "ближайшую",
   "{action} {target} radio station": "{action} {target} радиостанцию",
-  "RADIO STATE UNCERTAIN": "СОСТОЯНИЕ РАДИО НЕОПРЕДЕЛЁННО",
-  "SYNCING DIRECTORY": "СИНХРОНИЗАЦИЯ КАТАЛОГА",
-  "RADIO READY": "РАДИО ГОТОВО",
   "SYNCING": "СИНХРОНИЗАЦИЯ",
   "READY": "ГОТОВО",
   "station": "станция",
@@ -690,7 +690,6 @@
   "Simulate FLIR-style thermal contrast. Turn up Ironbow for color.": "Имитирует тепловой контраст в стиле FLIR. Для цвета увеличьте Ironbow.",
   "Apply bright cel-shaded color and illustrated outlines.": "Применяет яркие cel-shading-цвета и рисованные контуры.",
   "Apply high-contrast monochrome film-noir grading.": "Применяет высококонтрастную монохромную цветокоррекцию в стиле нуар.",
-  "Add a cold, snowy whiteout treatment to the scene.": "Добавляет в сцену холодный снежный эффект «белой мглы».",
   "Expand LOCATION": "Развернуть панель «Место»",
   "Collapse panel": "Свернуть панель",
   "Pin location tray": "Закрепить панель места",
@@ -710,9 +709,6 @@
   "FLIR": "FLIR",
   "Style": "Стиль",
   "STATION SITE": "САЙТ СТАНЦИИ",
-  "Open detailed Radio controls": "Открыть подробное управление радио",
-  "Previous station": "Предыдущая станция",
-  "Next station": "Следующая станция",
   "Expand panel": "Развернуть панель",
   "CONTACTS": "КОНТАКТЫ",
   "Cycles the nearest contacts of whatever type you select — planes, vessels, installations. Satellites track independently.": "Перебирает ближайшие контакты выбранного типа — самолёты, суда, объекты. Спутники отслеживаются отдельно.",
@@ -724,13 +720,11 @@
   "Next filtered station": "Следующая отфильтрованная станция",
   "STOP": "СТОП",
   "Stop radio playback": "Остановить воспроизведение радио",
-  "Compact Radio controls": "Компактное управление радио",
   "Context mode": "Режим контекста",
   "Contact Context actions": "Действия контекста контакта",
   "Available Space Missions": "Доступные космические миссии",
   "LOADING 30-DAY MISSION INDEX": "ЗАГРУЗКА ИНДЕКСА МИССИЙ ЗА 30 ДНЕЙ",
   "Radio playback": "Воспроизведение радио",
-  "Compact Radio volume": "Громкость компактного радио",
   "Radio volume": "Громкость радио",
   "STATION TAG": "ТЕГ СТАНЦИИ",
   "DRAG TO TUNE": "ТЯНИТЕ ДЛЯ НАСТРОЙКИ",
@@ -777,7 +771,6 @@
   "Fade": "Затухание",
   "Outside": "Снаружи",
   "Tactical": "Тактический",
-  "Operator": "Операторский",
   "Minimal": "Минимальный",
   "HUD layout": "Макет HUD",
   "Layout": "Макет",
@@ -802,21 +795,15 @@
   "East offset from catalog position (m) — click to type": "Смещение на восток от позиции каталога (м) — нажмите для ввода",
   "SAVE CAL": "СОХРАНИТЬ КАЛИБР.",
   "RESET CAL": "СБРОСИТЬ КАЛИБР.",
-  "NEW": "НОВАЯ",
   "DEL": "УДАЛ.",
-  "CAPTURE SHOT": "СДЕЛАТЬ КАДР",
   "UPDATE SHOT": "ОБНОВИТЬ КАДР",
-  "START": "СТАРТ",
-  "EXPORT PRESETS": "ЭКСПОРТ ПРЕСЕТОВ",
   "IMPORT": "ИМПОРТ",
   "RUN LOG": "ЖУРНАЛ ЗАПУСКОВ",
   "CALIBRATION": "КАЛИБРОВКА",
   "Camera pose — click a value to type": "Поза камеры — щёлкните по значению, чтобы ввести",
   "SCENE SUMMARY": "СВОДКА ПО СЦЕНЕ",
   "CCTV camera": "Камера CCTV",
-  "Scene recipe": "Рецепт сцены",
   "DATA LAYERS": "СЛОИ ДАННЫХ",
-  "SCENES": "СЦЕНЫ",
   "Close key setup": "Закрыть настройку ключей",
   "SAVE KEYS": "СОХРАНИТЬ КЛЮЧИ",
   "Power up the globe": "Подключите потоки данных",
@@ -2205,7 +2192,7 @@
   "Low-accuracy score 2–10%": "Доля неточных 2–10%",
   "Low-accuracy score > 10%": "Доля неточных > 10%",
   "GNSS integrity source unavailable": "Источник целостности GNSS недоступен",
-  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over 30 min": "Региональная выборка · радиус 250 мор. миль · ячейки из просмотренных видов за 30 мин",
+  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over {minutes} min": "Региональная выборка · радиус 250 мор. миль · ячейки из просмотренных видов за {minutes} мин",
   "Retrying automatically at {time} UTC": "Автоматический повтор в {time} UTC",
   "Retrying automatically after provider cooldown": "Автоматический повтор после паузы провайдера",
   "Updates automatically after pan or zoom and once a minute. The public feed covers a 250-nautical-mile circle around the view centre; zooming out does not make it a worldwide snapshot. Blank cells are outside sampled coverage or have insufficient observations.": "Обновляется автоматически после сдвига или масштабирования карты и раз в минуту. Публичный поток данных охватывает круг радиусом 250 морских миль вокруг центра вида; при отдалении карта не становится снимком всего мира. Пустые ячейки — вне охвата выборки или с недостаточным числом наблюдений.",
@@ -2263,6 +2250,8 @@
   "GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY is not set": "GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY не задан",
   "The Google Maps JavaScript API could not load": "Не удалось загрузить Google Maps JavaScript API",
   "Weather request timed out": "Истекло время ожидания запроса погоды",
+  "Cyclone request timed out": "Истекло время ожидания запроса циклонов",
+  "Malformed cyclone snapshot": "Некорректный снимок циклонов",
   "Malformed weather manifest": "Некорректный манифест погоды",
   "Weather HTTP {status}": "Погода: HTTP {status}",
   "Weather image HTTP {status}": "Снимок погоды: HTTP {status}",
@@ -2483,8 +2472,6 @@
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a route": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к маршруту",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a file": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к файлу",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a scene": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к сцене",
-  "Go to expanded Radio section": "Перейти к развёрнутому разделу радио",
-  "Expand Radio section in Context": "Развернуть раздел «Радио» в панели «Контекст»",
   "New scene name": "Название новой сцены",
   "Delete scene \"{scene}\" and all shots?": "Удалить сцену «{scene}» и все кадры?",
   "Detailed outline unavailable": "Подробный контур недоступен",
@@ -3073,5 +3060,28 @@
   "Preview is off.": "Предпросмотр отключён.",
   "Automatic stop is unavailable for this voice connection.": "Автоматическая остановка недоступна для этого голосового подключения.",
   "routing busy — too many routes at once": "сервис маршрутов занят: слишком много маршрутов одновременно",
-  "route proxy error": "ошибка прокси маршрутов"
+  "route proxy error": "ошибка прокси маршрутов",
+  "AUTHORING": "РЕДАКТОР",
+  "Create and edit scenes": "Создание и редактирование сцен",
+  "SCENE": "СЦЕНА",
+  "Scene": "Сцена",
+  "NEW SCENE": "НОВАЯ СЦЕНА",
+  "Start a new, empty scene": "Создать новую пустую сцену",
+  "DELETE": "УДАЛИТЬ",
+  "Delete this scene and all of its shots": "Удалить эту сцену и все её кадры",
+  "SHOTS": "КАДРЫ",
+  "+ CAPTURE SHOT": "+ СДЕЛАТЬ КАДР",
+  "Add the current view, style and layers as the next shot": "Добавить текущий вид, стиль и слои следующим кадром",
+  "Replace the selected shot with the current view": "Заменить выбранный кадр текущим видом",
+  "Click a shot to select it, double-click to rename.": "Щёлкните кадр, чтобы выбрать его, дважды — чтобы переименовать.",
+  "scene|PLAY": "ПУСК",
+  "Stop playback (Esc)": "Остановить воспроизведение (Esc)",
+  "SAVE & SHARE": "СОХРАНИТЬ И ПОДЕЛИТЬСЯ",
+  "Download every scene as a JSON file you can import later": "Скачать все сцены файлом JSON для последующего импорта",
+  "Load scenes from an exported JSON file": "Загрузить сцены из экспортированного файла JSON",
+  "Download the timing log of the last play": "Скачать журнал таймингов последнего воспроизведения",
+  "Play from this scene through the rest of the project": "Воспроизвести с этой сцены и далее по всему проекту",
+  "Play the shot after the selected one, moving on to the next scene when needed": "Воспроизвести кадр после выбранного, при необходимости перейдя к следующей сцене",
+  "Edit anchors, data packs and shot details": "Изменить якоря, пакеты данных и параметры кадров",
+  "Download this scene as JSON or an asset bundle": "Скачать эту сцену в формате JSON или архивом ресурсов"
 }

src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json

@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@
   "Low-accuracy score 2–10%": "低精度评分 2–10%",
   "Low-accuracy score > 10%": "低精度评分 > 10%",
   "GNSS integrity source unavailable": "GNSS 完好性数据源不可用",
-  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over 30 min": "区域采样 · 半径 250 海里 · 30 分钟内已访问视图中的网格",
+  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over {minutes} min": "区域采样 · 半径 250 海里 · {minutes} 分钟内已访问视图中的网格",
   "Retrying automatically at {time} UTC": "将于 {time} UTC 自动重试",
   "Retrying automatically after provider cooldown": "服务商冷却结束后自动重试",
   "Updates automatically after pan or zoom and once a minute. The public feed covers a 250-nautical-mile circle around the view centre; zooming out does not make it a worldwide snapshot. Blank cells are outside sampled coverage or have insufficient observations.": "平移或缩放后以及每分钟自动更新。公共数据源覆盖以视野中心为圆心、半径 250 海里的范围；缩小地图并不会使其成为全球快照。空白网格位于采样覆盖范围之外，或观测数据不足。",
@@ -1203,6 +1203,8 @@
   "Some weather tiles unavailable": "部分天气瓦片不可用",
   "Malformed weather manifest": "天气清单格式错误",
   "Weather request timed out": "天气请求超时",
+  "Cyclone request timed out": "气旋请求超时",
+  "Malformed cyclone snapshot": "气旋快照格式错误",
   "Temperature field unavailable": "温度场不可用",
   "Mean sea level pressure field unavailable": "平均海平面气压场不可用",
   "Wind upstream unavailable": "风场上游数据源不可用",
@@ -1551,6 +1553,9 @@
   "{count} cameras loaded · enable CCTV to activate": {
     "other": "已加载 {count} 个摄像头 · 启用 CCTV 以激活"
   },
+  "{count} more cameras outside this view · pan or zoom out": {
+    "other": "此视图外还有 {count} 个摄像头 · 平移或缩小"
+  },
   "Enable CCTV to load camera intersections": "启用 CCTV 以加载路口摄像头",
   "Enable CCTV to start camera-linked intelligence summaries.": "启用 CCTV 以开始生成与摄像头关联的情报摘要。",
   "No summary available.": "暂无摘要。",
@@ -1624,7 +1629,6 @@
   "Thermal": "热成像",
   "Anime": "动漫",
   "Noir": "黑白",
-  "Snow": "雪景",
   "Current cockpit vision style: {style}. Activate for next style.": "当前座舱视觉样式：{style}。点击可切换到下一个样式。",
   "Current style: {style} — click for next": "当前样式：{style}——点击切换到下一个",
   "Collapse Contact panel": "收起目标面板",
@@ -1860,10 +1864,6 @@
   "STATION UNAVAILABLE": "电台不可用",
   "Station unavailable after directory refresh": "目录刷新后该电台不可用",
   "Radio could not {action} cleanly": "电台未能正常{action}",
-  "Go to expanded Radio section": "前往展开的电台区域",
-  "Expand Radio section in Context": "在态势面板中展开电台区域",
-  "Close compact Radio controls": "关闭精简电台控件",
-  "Open compact Radio controls": "打开精简电台控件",
   "SYNC": "同步",
   "RECONCILE": "核对",
   "DISABLE": "停用",
@@ -1885,9 +1885,6 @@
   "selected": "所选",
   "nearest": "最近",
   "{action} {target} radio station": "{action}{target}电台",
-  "RADIO STATE UNCERTAIN": "电台状态不确定",
-  "SYNCING DIRECTORY": "正在同步目录",
-  "RADIO READY": "电台就绪",
   "SYNCING": "同步中",
   "READY": "就绪",
   "station": "电台",
@@ -2535,7 +2532,6 @@
   "Simulate FLIR-style thermal contrast. Turn up Ironbow for color.": "模拟 FLIR 风格的热成像对比。调高 Ironbow 可显示色彩。",
   "Apply bright cel-shaded color and illustrated outlines.": "应用明亮的赛璐珞色彩和插画轮廓线。",
   "Apply high-contrast monochrome film-noir grading.": "应用高对比度的黑白电影风格调色。",
-  "Add a cold, snowy whiteout treatment to the scene.": "为场景添加寒冷的暴雪白化效果。",
   "MAP SOURCE": "地图源",
   "Map source": "地图源",
   "Style": "样式",
@@ -2551,11 +2547,6 @@
   "RECENT IMAGERY": "近期影像",
   "Imagery days in the box": "视野内的影像天数",
   "CONTEXT": "态势",
-  "Compact Radio controls": "精简电台控件",
-  "Open detailed Radio controls": "打开详细电台控件",
-  "Previous station": "上一个电台",
-  "Next station": "下一个电台",
-  "Compact Radio volume": "精简电台音量",
   "Expand panel": "展开面板",
   "Context mode": "态势模式",
   "CONTACTS": "目标",
@@ -2616,7 +2607,6 @@
   "Layout": "布局",
   "HUD layout": "HUD 布局",
   "Tactical": "战术",
-  "Operator": "操作员",
   "Minimal": "精简",
   "Cyber": "赛博",
   "Sonar": "声呐",
@@ -2722,13 +2712,7 @@
   "ALL": "全部",
   "FLAT": "平面",
   "SINCE": "起始时间",
-  "SCENES": "场景",
-  "Scene recipe": "场景方案",
-  "NEW": "新建",
-  "CAPTURE SHOT": "保存镜头",
   "UPDATE SHOT": "更新镜头",
-  "START": "启动",
-  "EXPORT PRESETS": "导出预设",
   "IMPORT": "导入",
   "RUN LOG": "运行日志",
   "POWER UP": "增强",
@@ -2866,5 +2850,28 @@
   },
   "S2 Underground publishes these KMZ products to GitHub. New uploads are detected within seconds and replace the previous edition automatically. Click a marker for its report.": "S2 Underground 在 GitHub 发布这些 KMZ 产品。新上传的内容会在数秒内被检测到，并自动替换旧版本。点击标记查看报告。",
   "routing busy — too many routes at once": "路线服务繁忙：同时请求的路线过多",
-  "route proxy error": "路线代理出错"
+  "route proxy error": "路线代理出错",
+  "AUTHORING": "创作",
+  "Create and edit scenes": "创建和编辑场景",
+  "SCENE": "场景",
+  "Scene": "场景",
+  "NEW SCENE": "新建场景",
+  "Start a new, empty scene": "新建一个空场景",
+  "DELETE": "删除",
+  "Delete this scene and all of its shots": "删除此场景及其所有镜头",
+  "SHOTS": "镜头",
+  "+ CAPTURE SHOT": "+ 保存镜头",
+  "Add the current view, style and layers as the next shot": "将当前视角、样式和图层添加为下一个镜头",
+  "Replace the selected shot with the current view": "用当前视角替换所选镜头",
+  "Click a shot to select it, double-click to rename.": "单击镜头即可选中，双击可重命名。",
+  "scene|PLAY": "播放",
+  "Stop playback (Esc)": "停止播放（Esc）",
+  "SAVE & SHARE": "保存与分享",
+  "Download every scene as a JSON file you can import later": "将所有场景下载为 JSON 文件，以便日后导入",
+  "Load scenes from an exported JSON file": "从导出的 JSON 文件加载场景",
+  "Download the timing log of the last play": "下载上次播放的计时日志",
+  "Play from this scene through the rest of the project": "从此场景开始播放项目中的其余场景",
+  "Play the shot after the selected one, moving on to the next scene when needed": "播放所选镜头的下一个镜头，必要时进入下一个场景",
+  "Edit anchors, data packs and shot details": "编辑锚点、数据包和镜头详情",
+  "Download this scene as JSON or an asset bundle": "将此场景下载为 JSON 或资源包"
 }

src/i18n/locales/zh-Hant.json

@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@
   "Low-accuracy score 2–10%": "低精度評分 2–10%",
   "Low-accuracy score > 10%": "低精度評分 > 10%",
   "GNSS integrity source unavailable": "GNSS 完好性數據源不可用",
-  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over 30 min": "區域採樣 · 半徑 250 海里 · 30 分鐘內已訪問視圖中的網格",
+  "Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over {minutes} min": "區域採樣 · 半徑 250 海里 · {minutes} 分鐘內已訪問視圖中的網格",
   "Retrying automatically at {time} UTC": "將於 {time} UTC 自動重試",
   "Retrying automatically after provider cooldown": "服務商冷卻結束後自動重試",
   "Updates automatically after pan or zoom and once a minute. The public feed covers a 250-nautical-mile circle around the view centre; zooming out does not make it a worldwide snapshot. Blank cells are outside sampled coverage or have insufficient observations.": "平移或縮放後以及每分鐘自動更新。公共數據源覆蓋以視野中心為圓心、半徑 250 海里的範圍；縮小地圖並不會使其成為全球快照。空白網格位於採樣覆蓋範圍之外，或觀測數據不足。",
@@ -1198,6 +1198,8 @@
   "Some weather tiles unavailable": "部分天氣瓦片不可用",
   "Malformed weather manifest": "天氣清單格式錯誤",
   "Weather request timed out": "天氣請求超時",
+  "Cyclone request timed out": "氣旋請求超時",
+  "Malformed cyclone snapshot": "氣旋快照格式錯誤",
   "Temperature field unavailable": "溫度場不可用",
   "Mean sea level pressure field unavailable": "平均海平面氣壓場不可用",
   "Wind upstream unavailable": "風場上游數據源不可用",
@@ -1541,6 +1543,9 @@
   "{count} cameras loaded · enable CCTV to activate": {
     "other": "已加載 {count} 個攝像頭 · 啟用 CCTV 以激活"
   },
+  "{count} more cameras outside this view · pan or zoom out": {
+    "other": "此視圖外還有 {count} 個攝像頭 · 平移或縮小"
+  },
   "Enable CCTV to load camera intersections": "啟用 CCTV 以加載路口攝像頭",
   "Enable CCTV to start camera-linked intelligence summaries.": "啟用 CCTV 以開始生成與攝像頭關聯的情報摘要。",
   "No summary available.": "暫無摘要。",
@@ -1614,7 +1619,6 @@
   "Thermal": "熱成像",
   "Anime": "動漫",
   "Noir": "黑白",
-  "Snow": "雪景",
   "Current cockpit vision style: {style}. Activate for next style.": "當前座艙視覺樣式：{style}。點擊可切換到下一個樣式。",
   "Current style: {style} — click for next": "當前樣式：{style}——點擊切換到下一個",
   "Collapse Contact panel": "收起目標面板",
@@ -1848,10 +1852,6 @@
   "STATION UNAVAILABLE": "電臺不可用",
   "Station unavailable after directory refresh": "目錄刷新後該電臺不可用",
   "Radio could not {action} cleanly": "電臺未能正常{action}",
-  "Go to expanded Radio section": "前往展開的電臺區域",
-  "Expand Radio section in Context": "在態勢面板中展開電臺區域",
-  "Close compact Radio controls": "關閉精簡電臺控件",
-  "Open compact Radio controls": "打開精簡電臺控件",
   "SYNC": "同步",
   "RECONCILE": "核對",
   "DISABLE": "停用",
@@ -1873,9 +1873,6 @@
   "selected": "所選",
   "nearest": "最近",
   "{action} {target} radio station": "{action}{target}電臺",
-  "RADIO STATE UNCERTAIN": "電臺狀態不確定",
-  "SYNCING DIRECTORY": "正在同步目錄",
-  "RADIO READY": "電臺就緒",
   "SYNCING": "同步中",
   "READY": "就緒",
   "station": "電臺",
@@ -2523,7 +2520,6 @@
   "Simulate FLIR-style thermal contrast. Turn up Ironbow for color.": "模擬 FLIR 風格的熱成像對比。調高 Ironbow 可顯示色彩。",
   "Apply bright cel-shaded color and illustrated outlines.": "應用明亮的賽璐珞色彩和插畫輪廓線。",
   "Apply high-contrast monochrome film-noir grading.": "應用高對比度的黑白電影風格調色。",
-  "Add a cold, snowy whiteout treatment to the scene.": "為場景添加寒冷的暴雪白化效果。",
   "MAP SOURCE": "地圖源",
   "Map source": "地圖源",
   "Style": "樣式",
@@ -2539,11 +2535,6 @@
   "RECENT IMAGERY": "近期影像",
   "Imagery days in the box": "視野內的影像天數",
   "CONTEXT": "態勢",
-  "Compact Radio controls": "精簡電臺控件",
-  "Open detailed Radio controls": "打開詳細電臺控件",
-  "Previous station": "上一個電臺",
-  "Next station": "下一個電臺",
-  "Compact Radio volume": "精簡電臺音量",
   "Expand panel": "展開面板",
   "Context mode": "態勢模式",
   "CONTACTS": "目標",
@@ -2604,7 +2595,6 @@
   "Layout": "佈局",
   "HUD layout": "HUD 佈局",
   "Tactical": "戰術",
-  "Operator": "操作員",
   "Minimal": "精簡",
   "Cyber": "賽博",
   "Sonar": "聲吶",
@@ -2710,13 +2700,7 @@
   "ALL": "全部",
   "FLAT": "平面",
   "SINCE": "起始時間",
-  "SCENES": "場景",
-  "Scene recipe": "場景方案",
-  "NEW": "新建",
-  "CAPTURE SHOT": "保存鏡頭",
   "UPDATE SHOT": "更新鏡頭",
-  "START": "啟動",
-  "EXPORT PRESETS": "導出預設",
   "IMPORT": "導入",
   "RUN LOG": "運行日誌",
   "POWER UP": "增強",
@@ -2866,5 +2850,28 @@
   },
   "S2 Underground publishes these KMZ products to GitHub. New uploads are detected within seconds and replace the previous edition automatically. Click a marker for its report.": "S2 Underground 在 GitHub 發布這些 KMZ 產品。新上傳的內容會在數秒內被檢測到，並自動替換舊版本。點擊標記查看報告。",
   "routing busy — too many routes at once": "路線服務繁忙：同時請求的路線過多",
-  "route proxy error": "路線代理出錯"
+  "route proxy error": "路線代理出錯",
+  "AUTHORING": "創作",
+  "Create and edit scenes": "創建和編輯場景",
+  "SCENE": "場景",
+  "Scene": "場景",
+  "NEW SCENE": "新建場景",
+  "Start a new, empty scene": "新建一個空場景",
+  "DELETE": "刪除",
+  "Delete this scene and all of its shots": "刪除此場景及其所有鏡頭",
+  "SHOTS": "鏡頭",
+  "+ CAPTURE SHOT": "+ 保存鏡頭",
+  "Add the current view, style and layers as the next shot": "將當前視角、樣式和圖層添加為下一個鏡頭",
+  "Replace the selected shot with the current view": "用當前視角替換所選鏡頭",
+  "Click a shot to select it, double-click to rename.": "單擊鏡頭即可選中，雙擊可重命名。",
+  "scene|PLAY": "播放",
+  "Stop playback (Esc)": "停止播放（Esc）",
+  "SAVE & SHARE": "保存與分享",
+  "Download every scene as a JSON file you can import later": "將所有場景下載為 JSON 文件，以便日後導入",
+  "Load scenes from an exported JSON file": "從導出的 JSON 文件加載場景",
+  "Download the timing log of the last play": "下載上次播放的計時日誌",
+  "Play from this scene through the rest of the project": "從此場景開始播放項目中的其餘場景",
+  "Play the shot after the selected one, moving on to the next scene when needed": "播放所選鏡頭的下一個鏡頭，必要時進入下一個場景",
+  "Edit anchors, data packs and shot details": "編輯錨點、數據包和鏡頭詳情",
+  "Download this scene as JSON or an asset bundle": "將此場景下載為 JSON 或資源包"
 }

src/i18n/same-as-english.json

@@ -1,4 +1,170 @@
 {
+  "de": [
+    "1090 MHz",
+    "978 MHz UAT",
+    "AIS: --",
+    "AIS: {name}",
+    "ANIME",
+    "AUTO",
+    "Alternative",
+    "Ambient",
+    "Anime",
+    "Austin",
+    "BRG {value}°",
+    "BRG —",
+    "Bloom",
+    "Blues",
+    "Bus",
+    "CCTV",
+    "COCKPIT",
+    "CRS {value}°",
+    "CRT",
+    "Country",
+    "Cyan",
+    "Cyber",
+    "DEST ---°",
+    "DEST {bearing}",
+    "Dance",
+    "Details",
+    "Dubai",
+    "EXPORT",
+    "EXPORT {slot}",
+    "FALLBACK",
+    "FILTER",
+    "FLIR",
+    "FOV",
+    "FOV {value}°",
+    "FT",
+    "Folk",
+    "Funk",
+    "GEO",
+    "GOOGLE STREET VIEW",
+    "Global",
+    "Global · 60°S–60°N",
+    "Google Street View",
+    "HDG",
+    "HDG {value}°",
+    "Hip-Hop",
+    "House",
+    "Hybrid",
+    "Indie",
+    "Ironbow",
+    "Jazz",
+    "LIVE",
+    "Landsat 8/9",
+    "Latin",
+    "Layout",
+    "London",
+    "Los Angeles",
+    "MIL",
+    "MINI",
+    "MISSION",
+    "MM",
+    "MONITOR",
+    "Metal",
+    "Minimal",
+    "NAME",
+    "NASA FIRMS · LIVE",
+    "NAV",
+    "NEWS",
+    "NNW",
+    "NOIR",
+    "NORMAL",
+    "NVG",
+    "NW",
+    "New York",
+    "Noir",
+    "Normal",
+    "OK",
+    "ORBIT",
+    "ORBIT · ",
+    "Oldies",
+    "OpenStreetMap + optional Google Maps Places",
+    "Operator",
+    "PAUSE",
+    "PLAY",
+    "POS: LIVE",
+    "POS: {time}Z",
+    "POSITION {age}",
+    "PROJ MONITOR",
+    "Paris",
+    "Pause",
+    "Pin",
+    "Plan",
+    "Pop",
+    "Punk",
+    "RADIO",
+    "REC",
+    "REGION",
+    "RESET",
+    "Radio",
+    "Reggae",
+    "Rock",
+    "S2 GhostMaps",
+    "SAR",
+    "SIG",
+    "SNAPSHOT",
+    "SQUAWK {code} · {status}",
+    "SSW",
+    "STANDARD",
+    "START",
+    "STATION",
+    "STATUS",
+    "STATUS · ",
+    "STD",
+    "SW",
+    "SYNC",
+    "San Francisco",
+    "Scanlines",
+    "Scope",
+    "Sentinel-2",
+    "Sonar",
+    "Soul",
+    "Station",
+    "Station {id}",
+    "T minus {seconds}",
+    "TAGS · {tags}",
+    "TANKER",
+    "TEMP",
+    "Talk",
+    "Tallinn",
+    "Techno",
+    "Trance",
+    "Turboprop",
+    "UPSTREAM",
+    "Upstream HTTP {status}",
+    "Vignette",
+    "WHOT/BHOT",
+    "WIND",
+    "WNW",
+    "WSW",
+    "Washington DC",
+    "Wind",
+    "dB",
+    "feed status|live",
+    "fire behavior|Minimal",
+    "ft",
+    "hPa",
+    "km",
+    "km/h",
+    "min",
+    "mph",
+    "radio|NEWS",
+    "radio|TALK",
+    "view band|GLOBAL",
+    "{city} CCTV",
+    "{county} County",
+    "{source} HTTP {status}",
+    "{speed} kn",
+    "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
+    "{value} KM",
+    "{value} KM DOWNRANGE",
+    "{value} KM/H",
+    "{value} KM/S",
+    "ΔN",
+    "Ⅱ PAUSE",
+    "▲ {frp} MW"
+  ],
   "es": [
     "1090 MHz",
     "978 MHz UAT",
@@ -124,6 +290,531 @@
     "ΔN",
     "▲ {frp} MW"
   ],
+  "fr": [
+    "1090 MHz",
+    "978 MHz UAT",
+    "ALTITUDE",
+    "ALTITUDE · FT",
+    "ANIME",
+    "AUTO",
+    "Action",
+    "Allocation",
+    "Altitude {altitude}",
+    "Ambient",
+    "Anime",
+    "Austin",
+    "Aviation / Marine",
+    "BRG {value}°",
+    "BRG —",
+    "Bloom",
+    "Blues",
+    "Bus",
+    "CAL {value}",
+    "CAL · {badge}",
+    "CALIBRATION",
+    "CARGO",
+    "CAUSE",
+    "CCTV",
+    "CCTV OFF",
+    "CCTV ON",
+    "COCKPIT",
+    "COMMERCIAL",
+    "CONTACT",
+    "CONTACTS",
+    "CONTACTS · 250 KM",
+    "CRS {value}°",
+    "CRT",
+    "Country",
+    "Cyan",
+    "Cyber",
+    "Cyclones · NHC / CPHC",
+    "DENSE",
+    "DENSE ···",
+    "DENSE ✕",
+    "DEST ---°",
+    "DEST {bearing}",
+    "DESTINATION",
+    "Dance",
+    "Drone",
+    "ENE",
+    "ESE",
+    "EUROPE",
+    "FLIR",
+    "FM MHZ",
+    "FOV",
+    "FOV {value}°",
+    "FT",
+    "Ferry",
+    "Folk",
+    "Funk",
+    "GAIN",
+    "GEO",
+    "GOOGLE STREET VIEW",
+    "Gain",
+    "Google Street View",
+    "Grain",
+    "HDG",
+    "HDG {value}°",
+    "Hip-Hop",
+    "House",
+    "IMAGE",
+    "Indie",
+    "Ironbow",
+    "Jazz",
+    "LOCAL",
+    "Landsat 8/9",
+    "Landsat 8/9 via HLS",
+    "Los Angeles",
+    "MIC",
+    "MIL",
+    "MINI",
+    "MISSION",
+    "MM",
+    "MSG/S",
+    "Metal",
+    "Minimal",
+    "Minutes",
+    "Mode",
+    "NAV",
+    "NE",
+    "NNE",
+    "NOIR",
+    "NORMAL",
+    "NVG",
+    "New York",
+    "Noir",
+    "Normal",
+    "OFF",
+    "OK",
+    "ON",
+    "ON/OFF",
+    "Oldies",
+    "PAUSE",
+    "POSITION {age}",
+    "PROJ OFF",
+    "PROJECTION OFF",
+    "PROJECTION ON",
+    "PROPAGATION",
+    "Paris",
+    "Pause",
+    "Plan",
+    "Pop",
+    "Punk",
+    "RADIO",
+    "REC",
+    "Radio",
+    "Reggae",
+    "Rock",
+    "S2 GhostMaps",
+    "SAR",
+    "SE",
+    "SIG",
+    "SOURCE",
+    "SQUAWK {code} · {status}",
+    "SRC {value}",
+    "SSE",
+    "STANDARD",
+    "STATION",
+    "STD",
+    "San Francisco",
+    "Satellites",
+    "Saturation",
+    "Sonar",
+    "Soul",
+    "Source",
+    "Station",
+    "Station {id}",
+    "Style",
+    "TAGS · {tags}",
+    "TEMP",
+    "TYPE",
+    "Tallinn",
+    "Techno",
+    "Tokyo",
+    "Train",
+    "Trance",
+    "USB {rate} msg/s",
+    "VOLUME",
+    "VS",
+    "WHOT/BHOT",
+    "audio {state}",
+    "dB",
+    "ft",
+    "hPa",
+    "image",
+    "installation class|BASE",
+    "installation class|INSTALLATION",
+    "km",
+    "km/h",
+    "max {value} MW",
+    "min",
+    "mini",
+    "mph",
+    "nominal",
+    "satellite",
+    "standard",
+    "station",
+    "voice|OFF",
+    "{count} MSGS",
+    "{count} SOURCES",
+    "{count} messages",
+    "{n} cyclones",
+    "{n} satellites",
+    "{rate} msg/s",
+    "{value} KM",
+    "{value} KM/H",
+    "{value} KM/S",
+    "ΔE",
+    "ΔN",
+    "Ⅱ PAUSE",
+    "▲ {frp} MW"
+  ],
+  "it": [
+    "1090 MHz",
+    "978 MHz UAT",
+    "AFRICA",
+    "AIS: --",
+    "AIS: {name}",
+    "ALT {altitude} FT · GS {speed} KT · TRK {track}",
+    "ANIME",
+    "ASIA",
+    "AUTO",
+    "AUTO HOP OFF",
+    "AUTO HOP ON",
+    "Alternative",
+    "Ambient",
+    "Anime",
+    "Area",
+    "Austin",
+    "BRG {value}°",
+    "BRG —",
+    "Bloom",
+    "Blues",
+    "Business jet",
+    "CAL {value}",
+    "CAL · {badge}",
+    "CARGO",
+    "CCTV",
+    "CCTV OFF",
+    "CCTV ON",
+    "CH {index} / {total}",
+    "COCKPIT",
+    "CRS {value}°",
+    "CRT",
+    "Country",
+    "Cyber",
+    "DEST ---°",
+    "DEST {bearing}",
+    "DISPLAY",
+    "Dance",
+    "Drone",
+    "Dubai",
+    "ENE",
+    "ESE",
+    "FLIR",
+    "FM MHZ",
+    "FOCUS",
+    "FOV",
+    "FOV {value}°",
+    "FT",
+    "Folk",
+    "Funk",
+    "GEO",
+    "GOOGLE STREET VIEW",
+    "Google Street View",
+    "HDG",
+    "HDG {value}°",
+    "Hip-Hop",
+    "House",
+    "Indie",
+    "Ironbow",
+    "Jazz",
+    "KTS",
+    "LIVE",
+    "Landsat 8/9",
+    "Layout",
+    "Los Angeles",
+    "MIC",
+    "MIL",
+    "MINI",
+    "MM",
+    "MONITOR",
+    "MSG/S",
+    "Metal",
+    "NASA FIRMS · LIVE",
+    "NAV",
+    "NE",
+    "NNE",
+    "NOIR",
+    "NVG",
+    "New York",
+    "Noir",
+    "OCEANIA",
+    "OFF",
+    "OK",
+    "ON",
+    "ON/OFF",
+    "Oldies",
+    "PAYLOAD",
+    "PLAY",
+    "POS: LIVE",
+    "POS: {time}Z",
+    "PRECIP",
+    "Pop",
+    "Punk",
+    "RADIO",
+    "REC",
+    "RESET",
+    "RESET CAL",
+    "Radio",
+    "Reggae",
+    "Rock",
+    "S2 GhostMaps",
+    "SAR",
+    "SE",
+    "SIG",
+    "SNAPSHOT",
+    "SQUAWK {code} · {status}",
+    "SSE",
+    "STANDARD",
+    "STD",
+    "STOP",
+    "SYNC",
+    "San Francisco",
+    "Scope",
+    "Sentinel-2",
+    "Sonar",
+    "Soul",
+    "TEMP",
+    "TIMEOUT",
+    "Talk",
+    "Tallinn",
+    "Techno",
+    "Tokyo",
+    "Tram",
+    "Trance",
+    "UPSTREAM",
+    "USB {rate} msg/s",
+    "Upstream HTTP {status}",
+    "V/S {rate} FPM",
+    "VIEWSHED",
+    "VIEWSHED ON",
+    "VOLUME",
+    "VS",
+    "WHOT/BHOT",
+    "Washington DC",
+    "World",
+    "audio {state}",
+    "dB",
+    "feed status|live",
+    "ft",
+    "hPa",
+    "installation class|BASE",
+    "km",
+    "km/h",
+    "max {value} MW",
+    "min",
+    "mini",
+    "mph",
+    "radio|TALK",
+    "satellite",
+    "standard",
+    "view band|METRO",
+    "voice|OFF",
+    "{count} MSGS",
+    "{count} feeds live",
+    "{count} scenes",
+    "{rate} msg/s",
+    "{scene} / {pack}: {status}. File: {path}. {attribution} · {license}",
+    "{source} HTTP {status}",
+    "{speed} kn",
+    "{speed}KT",
+    "{value} KM",
+    "{value} KM DOWNRANGE",
+    "{value} KM/H",
+    "{value} KM/S",
+    "{value} conf",
+    "ΔE",
+    "ΔN",
+    "▲ {frp} MW"
+  ],
+  "ja": [
+    "1090 MHz",
+    "978 MHz UAT",
+    "AIS: --",
+    "AIS: {name}",
+    "BRG {value}°",
+    "BRG —",
+    "CAL {value}",
+    "CAL · {badge}",
+    "CCTV",
+    "CH {index} / {total}",
+    "CRS {value}°",
+    "CRT",
+    "FLIR",
+    "FLT",
+    "FM MHZ",
+    "FOV",
+    "FOV {value}°",
+    "FT",
+    "GEO",
+    "HDG",
+    "HDG {value}°",
+    "Ironbow",
+    "Landsat 8/9",
+    "MSG/S",
+    "NVG",
+    "POS: {time}Z",
+    "REC",
+    "S2 GhostMaps",
+    "SRC {value}",
+    "Sentinel-2",
+    "USB {rate} msg/s",
+    "WHOT/BHOT",
+    "dB",
+    "ft",
+    "hPa",
+    "km",
+    "km/h",
+    "kt",
+    "mph",
+    "{city} CCTV",
+    "{rate} msg/s",
+    "{source} HTTP {status}",
+    "{speed} kn",
+    "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
+    "ΔE",
+    "ΔN",
+    "▲ {frp} MW"
+  ],
+  "pt": [
+    "1090 MHz",
+    "978 MHz UAT",
+    "AIS: --",
+    "AIS: {name}",
+    "ALT {altitude} FT · GS {speed} KT · TRK {track}",
+    "ALTITUDE",
+    "ALTITUDE · FT",
+    "ANIME",
+    "AUTO",
+    "Altitude {altitude}",
+    "Anime",
+    "Austin",
+    "BIKE",
+    "BRG {value}°",
+    "BRG —",
+    "Bloom",
+    "Blues",
+    "CAL {value}",
+    "CAL · {badge}",
+    "CCTV",
+    "CRS {value}°",
+    "CRT",
+    "Country",
+    "DEST ---°",
+    "DEST {bearing}",
+    "Dance",
+    "Drone",
+    "Dubai",
+    "ENE",
+    "ESE",
+    "FLIR",
+    "FLT",
+    "FM MHZ",
+    "FOV",
+    "FOV {value}°",
+    "FT",
+    "Folk",
+    "Funk",
+    "GEO",
+    "GOOGLE STREET VIEW",
+    "Global",
+    "Global · 60°S–60°N",
+    "Google Street View",
+    "HDG",
+    "HDG {value}°",
+    "Hip-Hop",
+    "House",
+    "Indie",
+    "Ironbow",
+    "Jazz",
+    "LOCAL",
+    "Landsat 8/9",
+    "Landsat 8/9 via HLS",
+    "Layout",
+    "Los Angeles",
+    "MIC",
+    "MIL",
+    "MINI",
+    "MM",
+    "MONITOR",
+    "MSG/S",
+    "Metal",
+    "NAV",
+    "NE",
+    "NNE",
+    "NOIR",
+    "NORMAL",
+    "NVG",
+    "Noir",
+    "Normal",
+    "OCEANIA",
+    "OK",
+    "POS: {time}Z",
+    "PRECIP",
+    "Paris",
+    "Pop",
+    "Punk",
+    "RANGE",
+    "REC",
+    "Reggae",
+    "Rock",
+    "S2 GhostMaps",
+    "SAR",
+    "SE",
+    "SIG",
+    "SNAPSHOT",
+    "SQUAWK {code} · {status}",
+    "SSE",
+    "STATUS",
+    "STATUS · ",
+    "Sentinel-2",
+    "Sentinel-2 via HLS",
+    "Sonar",
+    "Soul",
+    "TAGS · {tags}",
+    "TEMP",
+    "Tallinn",
+    "Techno",
+    "Trance",
+    "USB {rate} msg/s",
+    "V/S {rate}",
+    "VISUAL",
+    "VOLUME",
+    "VS",
+    "WHOT/BHOT",
+    "WX",
+    "dB",
+    "fire confidence|nominal",
+    "ft",
+    "hPa",
+    "installation class|BASE",
+    "km",
+    "km/h",
+    "kt",
+    "min",
+    "mini",
+    "mph",
+    "nominal",
+    "view band|GLOBAL",
+    "{rate} msg/s",
+    "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
+    "{value} KM",
+    "{value} KM/H",
+    "{value} KM/S",
+    "ΔN",
+    "▲ {frp} MW"
+  ],
   "ru": [
     "AIS: --",
     "AIS: {name}",
@@ -142,6 +833,19 @@
     "VS",
     "WHOT/BHOT"
   ],
+  "uk": [
+    "AIS: --",
+    "AIS: {name}",
+    "CCTV",
+    "CRT",
+    "FLIR",
+    "Ironbow",
+    "Landsat 8/9",
+    "NVG",
+    "REC",
+    "S2 GhostMaps",
+    "WHOT/BHOT"
+  ],
   "zh-CN": [
     "1090 MHz",
     "978 MHz UAT",

src/i18n/zh-CN-display.test.mjs

@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ test('Chinese HUD and cockpit units keep their case without spacing coordinates'
     assert.equal(formatCockpitDistance(14000), '14\u00a0km');
     assert.equal(LOCALIZED_LOCALITY.sector({ latDeg: 21.33, lonDeg: -77.5 }),
       '扇区 21.33N 77.50W');
+    setLocale('ja');
+    assert.equal(hudQuantity(13, 'km'), '13 km');
+    assert.equal(hudQuantity(1.5, 'km', 1), '1.5 km');
     setLocale('en');
     assert.equal(hudQuantity(0, 'km'), '0KM');
     assert.equal(hudQuantity(2069, 'km', 1), '2069.0KM');
@@ -88,7 +91,6 @@ test('radio option text and accessible name use the same localized parentheses',
       setLocale(locale);
       const host = {
         _radioPanel: element(), _radioFilter: element(),
-        _syncContextRadioLauncherState() {},
         actions: { getLifecycle: () => null, scheduleLayout() {} },
       };
       renderRadioState.call(host, {

src/keySetup.test.mjs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ test('setup placement moves the same button only in Cyber and disconnects on tea
     chip,
   );
   assert.equal(chip.parentNode, home);
-  for (const variant of ['cyber', 'operator', 'cyber', 'minimal']) {
+  for (const variant of ['cyber', 'tactical', 'cyber', 'minimal']) {
     theme.dataset.uiTheme = variant;
     notify();
     assert.equal(chip.parentNode, variant === 'cyber' ? toolbar : home);

src/layers/cctv/cards.js

@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ export function createCards({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
 
     const candidates = [];
     const screenById = new Map();
-    for (const record of layerState._records) {
+    // Cards go only on the icons the view pass shows (refreshHorizonCulling).
+    for (const record of layerState._viewRecords) {
       const id = record.camera.id;
       if (id === activeId || !record.position) continue;
       let inView = false;
@@ -187,7 +188,14 @@ export function createCards({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       nowMs: Date.now(),
       cardLimit: budgets.cardLimit,
     });
-    layerState._cardIds = new Set(retention.keepIds);
+    // Grace keeps a card briefly after it loses selection, but never on a
+    // camera whose icon the view pass has hidden.
+    const shownIds = new Set(
+      layerState._viewRecords.map((record) => record.camera.id),
+    );
+    layerState._cardIds = new Set(
+      retention.keepIds.filter((id) => shownIds.has(id)),
+    );
     layerState._cardGraceState = retention.graceState;
 
     // Bounded thumbnail LRU: live cards (grace included) never lose their
@@ -371,7 +379,6 @@ export function createCards({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     layerState._cctvOverlayHost.clearSource(CCTV_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID);
     layerState._cctvOverlayHost.setVisible(CCTV_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID, false);
     parts.hover.clearHoverCard();
-    layerState._cameraMoving = false;
     layerState._cardIds = new Set();
     layerState._cardGraceState = new Map();
     layerState._cardFrameSlots = new Map();

src/layers/cctv/controls.js

@@ -205,22 +205,21 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
      * @returns {{ position: Cesium.Cartesian3, id: string, type: string }[]}
      */
     getDetectableObjects(options = {}) {
-      if (!layerState._enabled || layerState._records.length === 0) return [];
+      // The cameras the view pass shows, not icons it has hidden.
+      const records = layerState._viewRecords;
+      if (!layerState._enabled || records.length === 0) return [];
       const maxCount = Number.isFinite(options.maxCount)
         ? Math.max(1, Math.floor(options.maxCount))
-        : layerState._records.length;
+        : records.length;
       const seed = Number.isFinite(options.seed) ? Math.floor(options.seed) : 0;
-      const stride = Math.max(
-        1,
-        Math.ceil(layerState._records.length / maxCount),
-      );
+      const stride = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(records.length / maxCount));
       const start = seed % stride;
 
       const objects = [];
-      for (let i = start; i < layerState._records.length; i += stride) {
-        const camera = layerState._records[i].camera;
+      for (let i = start; i < records.length; i += stride) {
+        const camera = records[i].camera;
         objects.push({
-          position: layerState._records[i].position,
+          position: records[i].position,
           sourceId: camera.id,
           // Short semantic code where the id is opaque (see cameraDisplayCode).
           id: `CAM-${camera.code || camera.id}`,

src/layers/cctv/geometry.js

@@ -581,6 +581,13 @@ export function createGeometry({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
 
   function coverageNeighborCount(targetRecord) {
     if (!targetRecord) return 0;
+    // The summary asks on every notification; scan the catalog only when the
+    // camera, its pose or the catalog changed.
+    const { id, lat, lon, rangeM } = targetRecord.camera;
+    const key = `${id}|${lat}|${lon}|${rangeM}|${layerState._records.length}`;
+    const cached = layerState._neighborCountCache;
+    if (cached?.key === key && cached.records === layerState._records)
+      return cached.count;
     let count = 0;
     for (const record of layerState._records) {
       if (record === targetRecord) continue;
@@ -594,6 +601,11 @@ export function createGeometry({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         ((targetRecord.camera.rangeM + record.camera.rangeM) / 1000) * 0.92;
       if (dKm <= overlapKm) count++;
     }
+    layerState._neighborCountCache = {
+      key,
+      records: layerState._records,
+      count,
+    };
     return count;
   }
 

src/layers/cctv/geometryQueue.js

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import {
   GEO_TRACKING_BATCH_DELAY_MS,
   GEO_LOAD_BATCH_SIZE,
   GEO_LOAD_BATCH_DELAY_MS,
+  VIEW_GEOMETRY_ATTEMPTS,
+  VIEW_GEOMETRY_RETRY_MS,
 } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createGeometryQueue({
@@ -25,6 +27,8 @@ export function createGeometryQueue({
       clearTimeout(layerState._geoQueueTimer);
       layerState._geoQueueTimer = 0;
     }
+    clearTimeout(layerState._viewGeometryRetryTimer);
+    layerState._viewGeometryRetryTimer = 0;
     layerState._geoQueue = [];
     layerState._geoProgressNotifier = null;
     if (clearProgress) {
@@ -223,6 +227,7 @@ export function createGeometryQueue({
             err?.message || err,
           );
         }
+        noteViewAttempt(record);
         if (
           layerState._geoLoading &&
           layerState._geoLoadDone < layerState._geoLoadTotal
@@ -236,14 +241,15 @@ export function createGeometryQueue({
         layerState._geoLoading = false;
         if (wasInitialLoad) {
           layerState._geoLoadDone = layerState._geoLoadTotal;
-          if (layerState._enabled) {
-            parts.rendering.refreshCoverageStyles();
-            // Geometry refinement may have replaced record.position objects — the
-            // one-shot drain completion re-anchors the card entries (event-driven,
-            // not a per-frame or timer pass).
-            parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
-          }
+          if (layerState._enabled) parts.rendering.refreshCoverageStyles();
         }
+        // Geometry refinement may have replaced record.position objects — every
+        // drain's completion re-anchors the card entries (event-driven, not a
+        // per-frame or timer pass).
+        // While the camera moves, moveEnd reselects them instead.
+        if (layerState._enabled && !layerState._cameraMoving)
+          parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
+        scheduleViewGeometryRetry();
         // Completion is never coalesced: subscribers must observe the final
         // loading state even if the last progress tick just happened.
         layerState._geoProgressNotifier?.finish();
@@ -261,16 +267,17 @@ export function createGeometryQueue({
 
   /**
    * Appends records to the geometry queue (no progress tracking) and starts
-   * the batch timer if idle. Used by update()'s ONE-SHOT tiles-ready completion
-   * pass (records left `!groundResolved` by an enable-time drain that ran while
-   * tiles were still streaming) so it shares the same stagger machinery as the
-   * initial load. Fires at most once per enable — never on a recurring timer.
+   * the batch timer if idle. Used by update()'s one-shot tiles-ready
+   * completion pass and by enqueueViewGeometry, so both share the initial
+   * load's stagger machinery. Never driven by a recurring timer.
    * @param {Object[]} records - Camera records needing geometry refresh.
    */
 
   function enqueueGeometryRefresh(records) {
+    const queued = new Set(layerState._geoQueue);
     for (const record of records) {
-      if (!layerState._geoQueue.includes(record)) {
+      if (!queued.has(record)) {
+        queued.add(record);
         layerState._geoQueue.push(record);
       }
     }
@@ -283,10 +290,10 @@ export function createGeometryQueue({
   }
 
   /**
-   * Starts the initial staggered load: orders all records active-camera-first,
-   * then by distance from the current viewer position (nearest first, so
-   * cameras likely in view refine before off-screen ones), and exposes
-   * loaded/total progress through uiState()/getStats() while running.
+   * Starts the initial staggered load over the geometry working set: active
+   * camera first, then by distance from the current viewer position (nearest
+   * first), and exposes loaded/total progress through uiState()/getStats()
+   * while running. Cameras outside the view refine when they come into it.
    */
 
   function startGeometryLoadQueue() {
@@ -303,7 +310,7 @@ export function createGeometryQueue({
     const refLon = carto
       ? Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude)
       : (active?.camera.lon ?? 0);
-    const pending = layerState._records
+    const pending = geometryWorkingSet()
       .filter((record) => record !== active)
       .map((record) => ({
         record,
@@ -325,7 +332,134 @@ export function createGeometryQueue({
     );
     layerState._geoQueueTimer = setTimeout(processGeometryBatch, 0);
   }
+  /**
+   * The records whose geometry the view needs: the shown icons, the active
+   * camera and the coverage cohort drawn around it.
+   * @returns {Object[]}
+   */
+
+  function geometryWorkingSet() {
+    const records = new Set(layerState._viewRecords);
+    const active = parts.selection.getActiveRecord();
+    if (active) records.add(active);
+    for (const id of layerState._coverageVisibleIds) {
+      const record = layerState._recordById.get(id);
+      if (record) records.add(record);
+    }
+    return [...records];
+  }
+
+  /** The regime key a view attempt counts against: interim while tiles stream. */
+  function viewAttemptKey() {
+    const regime = parts.ground.currentSurfaceRegime();
+    const tilesReady =
+      regime !== 'google-3d' || parts.model.projectionTilesReady();
+    return { key: tilesReady ? regime : `${regime}:interim`, tilesReady };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Counts a processed geometry attempt against the current regime key; each
+   * key keeps its own count, so tile streaming going on and off does not
+   * reset the ready-tiles budget.
+   */
+  function noteViewAttempt(record) {
+    const { key } = viewAttemptKey();
+    record.viewAttempts ??= {};
+    record.viewAttempts[key] = (record.viewAttempts[key] || 0) + 1;
+    record.viewAttemptAt = performance.now();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Whether a record may be attempted again under `key`. After a first
+   * unresolved attempt, the second waits out VIEW_GEOMETRY_RETRY_MS so its
+   * elevation cell can warm, rather than going to the next motion tick.
+   */
+  /** Whether a record still has an attempt left under the current key. */
+  function withinViewBudget(record) {
+    const { key } = viewAttemptKey();
+    return (record.viewAttempts?.[key] || 0) < VIEW_GEOMETRY_ATTEMPTS;
+  }
+
+  function attemptsLeft(record, key) {
+    const attempts = record.viewAttempts?.[key] || 0;
+    if (attempts >= VIEW_GEOMETRY_ATTEMPTS) return false;
+    return (
+      attempts === 0 ||
+      performance.now() - record.viewAttemptAt >= VIEW_GEOMETRY_RETRY_MS
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * After a drain, gives working-set cameras it left ungrounded one more
+   * attempt once their elevation cells have had time to warm. The timer is
+   * set for the earliest such camera and re-arms for the rest when it fires.
+   */
+  function scheduleViewGeometryRetry() {
+    if (!layerState._enabled || layerState._viewGeometryRetryTimer) return;
+    const { key } = viewAttemptKey();
+    const active = parts.selection.getActiveRecord();
+    let due = Infinity;
+    for (const record of geometryWorkingSet()) {
+      const attempts = record.viewAttempts?.[key] || 0;
+      if (
+        record === active ||
+        attempts === 0 ||
+        attempts >= VIEW_GEOMETRY_ATTEMPTS ||
+        !parts.ground.needsGeometry(record)
+      )
+        continue;
+      due = Math.min(due, record.viewAttemptAt + VIEW_GEOMETRY_RETRY_MS);
+    }
+    if (due === Infinity) return;
+    layerState._viewGeometryRetryTimer = setTimeout(
+      () => {
+        layerState._viewGeometryRetryTimer = 0;
+        enqueueViewGeometry();
+        // A drain re-arms on completion; with none running, the cameras still
+        // cooling down need their own timer.
+        if (!layerState._geoQueueTimer) scheduleViewGeometryRetry();
+      },
+      Math.max(0, due - performance.now()),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Queues working-set cameras the current surface has not grounded yet,
+   * after a camera move brings new ones into view. Attempts are counted when
+   * a record is processed, not queued, so a drain cut short by disable() is
+   * not lost; each record gets VIEW_GEOMETRY_ATTEMPTS per surface regime,
+   * spaced by VIEW_GEOMETRY_RETRY_MS, so a sample the shared floor refuses
+   * (too far, too high) is not retried on every move. While photoreal tiles are still streaming the attempts are
+   * interim, and the update() completion pass is re-armed to retry these
+   * records when they land. The active camera is left to selection, which
+   * owns its re-sampling.
+   */
+
+  function enqueueViewGeometry() {
+    if (!layerState._enabled) return;
+    const { key, tilesReady } = viewAttemptKey();
+    const active = parts.selection.getActiveRecord();
+    const pending = [];
+    let coolingDown = false;
+    for (const record of geometryWorkingSet()) {
+      if (record === active || !parts.ground.needsGeometry(record)) continue;
+      if (!attemptsLeft(record, key)) {
+        coolingDown ||=
+          (record.viewAttempts?.[key] || 0) < VIEW_GEOMETRY_ATTEMPTS;
+        continue;
+      }
+      pending.push(record);
+    }
+    // A camera back in view during its cooldown still needs its retry timer.
+    if (coolingDown && !layerState._geoQueueTimer) scheduleViewGeometryRetry();
+    if (!pending.length) return;
+    if (!tilesReady) layerState._tilesReadyReenqueued = false;
+    enqueueGeometryRefresh(pending);
+  }
   return {
+    enqueueViewGeometry,
+    withinViewBudget,
+    geometryWorkingSet,
     stopGeometryLoadQueue,
     createGeometryProgressNotifier,
     processCctvGeometryQueueBatch,

src/layers/cctv/ground.js

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
 import {
   SUPPORT_KEYS,
   planeSupportPoints,
@@ -78,6 +79,14 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     return record?.groundResolved?.[regime] === true;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * True until the record has geometry grounded for the regime. Cameras are
+   * refined only once they enter the view, so many never have geometry.
+   */
+  function needsGeometry(record, regime = currentSurfaceRegime()) {
+    return !record?.frustumGeometry || !isGroundResolved(record, regime);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Ground altitude used for pure geometry recomputes: the given regime's
    * cached resolution (`record.groundSamples[regime]` — a shared mesh/DEM floor
@@ -184,8 +193,11 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
    * Task 5: applies a LATE-arriving ground-prior batch (init's bounded race
    * lost — cold proxy cache / slow upstream). Pure recomputes only, no scene
    * queries:
+   *  - records without geometry yet: only the icon moves onto the prior;
+   *    the frustum is built when the camera enters the view.
    *  - terrain-globe regime: the prior IS the resolution → re-run the
-   *    resolution (updateRecordGeometry latches it) for every record.
+   *    resolution (updateRecordGeometry latches it) for every record with
+   *    geometry.
    *  - google-3d regime: records still awaiting a shared floor move from the
    *    catalog fallback onto the exact prior; records already holding a shared
    *    mesh/DEM floor keep it untouched.
@@ -198,6 +210,7 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
   function applyLateGroundPriors(records, priors) {
     if (!Array.isArray(records) || !Array.isArray(priors)) return;
     let applied = 0;
+    let moved = 0;
     for (let i = 0; i < records.length && i < priors.length; i++) {
       const record = records[i];
       const prior = priors[i];
@@ -212,6 +225,24 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         record.camera.absoluteHeightM =
           prior.ellipsoid + record.camera.mountHeightM;
       }
+      // Cameras without geometry only move their icon onto the prior, so the
+      // view pass projects the right point; their frustums are built when
+      // they enter the view, as recomputing the whole catalog here would
+      // stall a large one.
+      if (!record.frustumGeometry) {
+        if (record.position) {
+          Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+            record.camera.lon,
+            record.camera.lat,
+            record.camera.absoluteHeightM,
+            undefined,
+            record.position,
+          );
+          if (record.billboard) record.billboard.position = record.position;
+          moved += 1;
+        }
+        continue;
+      }
       const regime = currentSurfaceRegime();
       if (regime === 'terrain-globe') {
         // Prior IS the resolution — re-latch onto the fresh value.
@@ -224,7 +255,9 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         applied += 1;
       }
     }
-    if (applied) parts.presentation.notifyListeners();
+    if (moved && parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling())
+      parts.geometryQueue.enqueueViewGeometry();
+    if (applied || moved) parts.presentation.notifyListeners();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -234,7 +267,7 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
    * deck/building-top in google-3d vs bare Re:Earth DEM on globe stacks), so
    * on a REGIME change (photoreal ↔ globe; bing→osm stays 'terrain-globe' and
    * no-ops):
-   *  1. every record's geometry recomputes IMMEDIATELY from the new regime's
+   *  1. every record that has geometry recomputes IMMEDIATELY from the new regime's
    *     resolution — cached sample if that regime has one, else the Re:Earth
    *     prior (never blank, zero scene queries);
    *  2. entering google-3d re-arms the one-shot tiles-ready completion latch so
@@ -250,6 +283,9 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     layerState._lastAppliedRegime = regime;
 
     for (const record of layerState._records) {
+      // Only cameras that already have geometry are rewritten; the rest are
+      // grounded for the new regime when they enter the view.
+      if (!record.frustumGeometry) continue;
       if (regime === 'terrain-globe') {
         // Prior IS the resolution — latch it (zero scene queries).
         record.groundSamples['terrain-globe'] = groundPriorAltFor(record);
@@ -353,6 +389,7 @@ export function createGround({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     resolveFootprintGround,
     groundPriorAltFor,
     isGroundResolved,
+    needsGeometry,
     groundAltFor,
     rearmGroundResolution,
     resolveCommittedGroundAnchor,

src/layers/cctv/index.js

@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@ export function createCctvLayer({ services, source }) {
       processGeometryBatch: parts.geometryQueue.processGeometryBatch,
       hideCctvRecordVisuals: parts.rendering.hideCctvRecordVisuals,
       refreshCoverageStyles: parts.rendering.refreshCoverageStyles,
+      refreshHorizonCulling: parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling,
+      _viewRecordIdsForTest: () =>
+        state._viewRecords.map((record) => record.camera.id),
       clearProbeClampOnDeactivation:
         parts.geometry.clearProbeClampOnDeactivation,
       cctvRecordNeedsActivation: parts.model.cctvRecordNeedsActivation,

src/layers/cctv/ingestion.js

@@ -32,13 +32,22 @@ export function createIngestion({
         // projectionTilesReady() is false while a (hidden) Google tileset
         // exists, so this latch effectively fires for the google-3d regime —
         // terrain-globe records resolve from the prior in their drain pass.
-        const unresolved = layerState._records.filter(
-          (record) => !parts.ground.isGroundResolved(record),
-        );
+        const unresolved = parts.geometryQueue
+          .geometryWorkingSet()
+          .filter(
+            (record) =>
+              !parts.ground.isGroundResolved(record) &&
+              parts.geometryQueue.withinViewBudget(record),
+          );
         if (unresolved.length)
           parts.geometryQueue.enqueueGeometryRefresh(unresolved);
       }
       await parts.health.syncHealthState();
+      // New health can change which camera wins a crowded cell.
+      if (layerState._enabled && parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling()) {
+        parts.geometryQueue.enqueueViewGeometry();
+        parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
+      }
       parts.navigation.maybeAutoHop(now);
       parts.presentation.notifyListeners();
     },

src/layers/cctv/lifecycle.js

@@ -7,8 +7,14 @@ import {
   CAMERA_ICON,
   IDLE_CAMERA_COLOR,
   CALIBRATION_RANGE_FLOOR_M,
+  VIEW_MOTION_REFRESH_MS,
+  VIEW_MOTION_MIN_MOVE_FRACTION,
+  VIEW_MOTION_MIN_TURN_DEG,
+  VIEW_MOTION_COST_FACTOR,
 } from './policy.js';
 
+const MIN_TURN_COS = Math.cos((VIEW_MOTION_MIN_TURN_DEG * Math.PI) / 180);
+
 export function createLifecycle({
   state: layerState,
   services,
@@ -22,15 +28,94 @@ export function createLifecycle({
   const { onFocusTargetAppear } = services.focus;
   const { releaseContinuousRender } = services.render;
 
+  /**
+   * The settled-view pass: thin the icons, queue the newly visible geometry,
+   * reselect cards, and tell subscribers (the camera picker) when the shown
+   * set changed since they were last told, including by motion passes.
+   */
+  function settleView() {
+    const changed = parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling();
+    noteViewPose();
+    parts.geometryQueue.enqueueViewGeometry();
+    parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
+    if (changed || layerState._viewUnpublished) {
+      layerState._viewUnpublished = false;
+      parts.presentation.notifyListeners();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Records the camera pose the last view pass ran at. */
+  function noteViewPose() {
+    const camera = layerState._viewer?.camera;
+    if (!camera?.positionWC) return;
+    layerState._viewPose = {
+      position: Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(camera.positionWC),
+      direction:
+        camera.directionWC && Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(camera.directionWC),
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Whether the camera moved or turned enough since the last view pass to
+   * change what is on screen. A camera that tracks or flies without settling
+   * would otherwise rerun the full pass on every tick.
+   */
+  function viewPoseChanged() {
+    const camera = layerState._viewer?.camera;
+    const pose = layerState._viewPose;
+    if (!pose || !camera?.positionWC) return true;
+    const height = Math.max(1, camera.positionCartographic?.height ?? 0);
+    const moved = Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(camera.positionWC, pose.position);
+    if (moved > height * VIEW_MOTION_MIN_MOVE_FRACTION) return true;
+    if (!pose.direction || !camera.directionWC) return false;
+    return (
+      Cesium.Cartesian3.dot(camera.directionWC, pose.direction) < MIN_TURN_COS
+    );
+  }
+
+  function viewMotionTick() {
+    if (!layerState._enabled) return;
+    const now = performance.now();
+    const pass = layerState._viewMotionPass;
+    if (pass && now - pass.at < pass.ms * VIEW_MOTION_COST_FACTOR) return;
+    if (!viewPoseChanged()) return;
+    if (parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling())
+      layerState._viewUnpublished = true;
+    noteViewPose();
+    parts.geometryQueue.enqueueViewGeometry();
+    layerState._viewMotionPass = { at: now, ms: performance.now() - now };
+  }
+
+  function startViewMotionTimer() {
+    if (layerState._viewMotionTimer) return;
+    layerState._viewMotionTimer = setInterval(
+      viewMotionTick,
+      VIEW_MOTION_REFRESH_MS,
+    );
+  }
+
+  function stopViewMotionTimer() {
+    clearInterval(layerState._viewMotionTimer);
+    layerState._viewMotionTimer = 0;
+  }
+
   /** Resets all module-scoped runtime state to initial values. */
 
   function clearRuntimeState() {
     parts.geometryQueue.stopGeometryLoadQueue();
+    stopViewMotionTimer();
     // Idempotent — also covers a re-init without a prior destroy().
     parts.cards.teardownAmbientCards();
     parts.projection.clearProjectionOverlay();
     layerState._records = [];
     layerState._recordById = new Map();
+    layerState._viewRecords = [];
+    layerState._cameraIndexCache = null;
+    layerState._coverageVisibleIds = new Set();
+    layerState._neighborCountCache = null;
+    layerState._viewUnpublished = false;
+    layerState._viewPose = null;
+    layerState._viewMotionPass = null;
     layerState._healthById = new Map();
     layerState._count = 0;
     layerState._lastUpdate = null;
@@ -71,6 +156,13 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       layerState._calibrationById = parts.calibration.loadCalibrationStore();
 
       layerState._billboards = new Cesium.BillboardCollection();
+      // Cesium switches a property's buffer-usage hint whenever it starts or
+      // stops changing from one frame to the next, and every switch rewrites
+      // the vertex data of every billboard. The view pass toggles `show` on a
+      // few icons of a large catalog at a time, so on a 33K catalog each pass
+      // cost two full rewrites. With the hint fixed, Cesium uploads only the
+      // icons that changed.
+      layerState._billboards.computeNewBuffersUsage = () => false;
       layerState._viewer.scene.primitives.add(layerState._billboards);
       registerSpriteCollection('cctv', layerState._billboards);
 
@@ -243,28 +335,76 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       // Field-test fix (2026-07-06): horizon-cull on camera settle (pairs with
       // the billboards' always-on-top depth setting) + one initial pass so the
       // first paint is already culled.
+      // A re-init against a new viewer moves the move listeners to its camera.
+      if (
+        layerState._viewListenerCamera &&
+        layerState._viewListenerCamera !== layerState._viewer.camera
+      ) {
+        const previous = layerState._viewListenerCamera;
+        if (layerState._horizonCullListener)
+          previous.moveEnd?.removeEventListener(
+            layerState._horizonCullListener,
+          );
+        if (layerState._moveStartListener)
+          previous.moveStart?.removeEventListener(
+            layerState._moveStartListener,
+          );
+        layerState._horizonCullListener = null;
+        layerState._moveStartListener = null;
+        layerState._cameraMoving = false;
+      }
+      layerState._viewListenerCamera = layerState._viewer.camera;
       if (!layerState._horizonCullListener) {
         // Ambient cards piggyback the same settle event: moveEnd-driven
         // reselection only, never per frame (refreshAmbientCards no-ops while
         // the layer is disabled).
         layerState._horizonCullListener = () => {
           layerState._cameraMoving = false;
-          parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling();
-          parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
+          stopViewMotionTimer();
+          settleView();
         };
         layerState._viewer.camera.moveEnd.addEventListener(
           layerState._horizonCullListener,
         );
       }
       if (!layerState._moveStartListener) {
-        // Item B: hover picking pauses while the camera is in motion.
+        // Item B: hover picking pauses while the camera is in motion. A long
+        // move (cockpit flight, a drag) never settles, so the view pass also
+        // reruns on an interval until it does.
         layerState._moveStartListener = () => {
           layerState._cameraMoving = true;
+          // enable() starts it for a move already under way.
+          if (layerState._enabled) startViewMotionTimer();
         };
         layerState._viewer.camera.moveStart.addEventListener(
           layerState._moveStartListener,
         );
       }
+      // A resize or rotation changes what is on screen without moving the
+      // camera.
+      const canvas = layerState._viewer.scene?.canvas;
+      if (layerState._viewResizeCanvas !== canvas) {
+        // A re-init against a new viewer observes its canvas instead.
+        layerState._viewResizeObserver?.disconnect();
+        layerState._viewResizeObserver = null;
+        layerState._viewResizeCanvas = null;
+      }
+      if (
+        !layerState._viewResizeObserver &&
+        typeof ResizeObserver === 'function' &&
+        canvas
+      ) {
+        let frame = 0;
+        layerState._viewResizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(() => {
+          if (frame || !layerState._enabled) return;
+          frame = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+            frame = 0;
+            if (layerState._enabled) settleView();
+          });
+        });
+        layerState._viewResizeObserver.observe(canvas);
+        layerState._viewResizeCanvas = canvas;
+      }
       parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling();
 
       layerState._clickHandler = new Cesium.ScreenSpaceEventHandler(
@@ -325,6 +465,12 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       );
 
       await parts.health.syncHealthState(true);
+      // Health ranks crowded cells: thin again now that it has arrived (a
+      // no-op unless enable() ran while health was loading).
+      if (parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling()) {
+        parts.geometryQueue.enqueueViewGeometry();
+        parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
+      }
       parts.rendering.refreshCoverageStyles();
       parts.presentation.notifyListeners();
       restoreSpriteOrder(layerState._viewer);
@@ -370,6 +516,9 @@ export function createLifecycle({
         parts.projection.ensureProjectionRuntime(activeRecord);
         parts.frames.refreshProjectionImage(activeRecord, true);
       }
+      parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling();
+      // Re-enabled mid-flight: moveStart has already fired.
+      if (layerState._cameraMoving) startViewMotionTimer();
       parts.geometryQueue.startGeometryLoadQueue();
       parts.rendering.refreshCoverageStyles();
       parts.projection.startProjectionLoop();
@@ -402,10 +551,14 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       layerState._removeFocusAppearListener = null;
       parts.projection.stopProjectionLoop();
       parts.geometryQueue.stopGeometryLoadQueue();
+      stopViewMotionTimer();
       // Ambient cards tear down COMPLETELY on disable (owner design point 6):
       // source entries, pacer timer, in-flight handlers, and caches.
       parts.cards.teardownAmbientCards();
       parts.rendering.hideCctvVisuals();
+      // Nothing is in view while the layer is off.
+      layerState._viewRecords = [];
+      layerState._cameraIndexCache = null;
       parts.presentation.notifyListeners();
     },
 
@@ -443,6 +596,13 @@ export function createLifecycle({
         );
         layerState._moveStartListener = null;
       }
+      // The move listeners are gone; nothing will report the end of a move.
+      layerState._cameraMoving = false;
+      layerState._viewListenerCamera = null;
+      stopViewMotionTimer();
+      layerState._viewResizeObserver?.disconnect();
+      layerState._viewResizeObserver = null;
+      layerState._viewResizeCanvas = null;
       if (layerState._gizmo) {
         layerState._gizmo.destroy();
         layerState._gizmo = null;

src/layers/cctv/policy.js

@@ -60,6 +60,45 @@ export const GEO_PROGRESS_NOTIFY_INTERVAL_MS = 300;
 
 export const GEO_PROGRESS_NOTIFY_BATCH_LIMIT = 10;
 
+// View thinning: camera icons show only on or near the screen, and each
+// camera competes for a world-anchored grid cell sized to about VIEW_CELL_PX
+// at its distance from the viewer (in power-of-two metre steps, so a pan
+// keeps the same winners until a camera's distance crosses a step). Cells
+// smaller than VIEW_MIN_CELL_M do not thin:
+// close up every camera shows, co-located ones included.
+
+export const VIEW_CELL_PX = 40;
+
+export const VIEW_MIN_CELL_M = 60;
+
+// Icons this far past the screen edge (fraction of its size) still show, so
+// a pan does not reveal empty ground before the next view pass.
+
+export const VIEW_ICON_MARGIN = 0.5;
+
+// While the camera moves, the view pass reruns at most this often.
+
+export const VIEW_MOTION_REFRESH_MS = 250;
+// A motion tick is skipped unless the camera moved this fraction of its
+// ellipsoid height, or turned this many degrees, since the last pass.
+
+export const VIEW_MOTION_MIN_MOVE_FRACTION = 0.01;
+
+export const VIEW_MOTION_MIN_TURN_DEG = 0.5;
+
+// Motion passes are spaced at least this many times the last pass's cost, so
+// a large catalog spends at most about a tenth of a long move on them.
+
+export const VIEW_MOTION_COST_FACTOR = 10;
+
+// A view camera's geometry is attempted at most this many times per surface
+// regime (a cold elevation cell can leave the first attempt unresolved); the
+// retry runs this long after the drain that left it unresolved.
+
+export const VIEW_GEOMETRY_ATTEMPTS = 2;
+
+export const VIEW_GEOMETRY_RETRY_MS = 1500;
+
 // Throttle for placeholder repaints — the projection RAF loop must not
 // re-fill a 1080p canvas on every frame while a feed image is still loading.
 

src/layers/cctv/presentation.i18n.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// The CCTV HUD summary shows the CAL badge, source kind and view band in the
+// UI language; English keeps its codes, and unknown source codes stay codes.
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { setLocale } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { createPresentation } from './presentation.js';
+
+function summary(sourceKind) {
+  const camera = {
+    id: 'c1',
+    city: 'Austin',
+    name: 'Cam',
+    rangeM: 100,
+    fovDeg: 60,
+    feedType: 'image',
+  };
+  const record = { camera };
+  const presentation = createPresentation({
+    state: {
+      _records: [record],
+      _healthById: new Map(sourceKind ? [['c1', { sourceKind }]] : []),
+      _showProjection: false,
+      _coverageMode: 'sector',
+    },
+    services: {},
+    parts: {
+      selection: { getActiveRecord: () => record },
+      model: {
+        sectorAreaKm2: () => 1,
+        currentViewContext: () => 'street:1:2',
+      },
+      geometry: { coverageNeighborCount: () => 0 },
+      calibration: { deriveCalBadge: () => 'raw-prior' },
+    },
+    source: {},
+  });
+  return presentation.buildSummaryText();
+}
+
+test('en: CAL, SRC and CONTEXT keep their English codes', () => {
+  setLocale('en');
+  assert.match(summary('upstream'), /CAL RAW PRIOR · SRC UPSTREAM/);
+  assert.match(summary(null), /SRC IMAGE · STREET CONTEXT/);
+  assert.match(summary('upstream-image'), /SRC UPSTREAM-IMAGE/);
+});
+
+test('fr: CAL, SRC and CONTEXT values are translated', () => {
+  setLocale('fr');
+  try {
+    assert.match(
+      summary('upstream'),
+      /CAL ESTIM\. INITIALE · SRC AMONT · CONTEXTE RUE/,
+    );
+    assert.match(summary('upstream-image'), /SRC UPSTREAM-IMAGE/);
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+});

src/layers/cctv/presentation.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { CCTV_AMBIENT_CARD_MAX } from '../../data/cctvLod.js';
-import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { msg, t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { ACTIVE_FRAME_REFRESH_MS, IDLE_FRAME_REFRESH_MS } from './policy.js';
 import { headingHudToken, isHeadingEstimated } from './headingConfidence.js';
 import {
@@ -8,6 +8,59 @@ import {
   isDatasheetFov,
 } from './modelSpecs.js';
 
+// The summary line names the CAL badge, the source kind and the view band in
+// the page language; the codes underneath stay English.
+const CAL_BADGE_LABELS = Object.freeze({
+  calibrated: msg('CALIBRATED'),
+  curated: msg('CURATED'),
+  'raw-prior': msg('RAW PRIOR'),
+});
+
+// The same source-kind words as the CCTV panel (src/ui/cctvFrames.js).
+const SOURCE_KIND_LABELS = Object.freeze({
+  snapshot: msg('SNAPSHOT'),
+  live: msg('LIVE'),
+  fallback: msg('FALLBACK'),
+  upstream: msg('UPSTREAM'),
+  synthetic: msg('SYNTHETIC'),
+  configured: msg('CONFIGURED'),
+  seed: msg('SEED'),
+  image: msg('IMAGE'),
+  unknown: msg('UNKNOWN'),
+});
+
+/** CAL badge id ('raw-prior') as the summary shows it; unknown ids stay codes. */
+export function summaryCalLabel(badge) {
+  const key = String(badge || '');
+  return CAL_BADGE_LABELS[key]
+    ? t(CAL_BADGE_LABELS[key])
+    : key.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase();
+}
+
+/** Source kind ('image', 'snapshot') for the summary; HLS, MJPEG… stay codes. */
+export function summarySourceLabel(kind) {
+  const key = String(kind || 'image').toLowerCase();
+  return SOURCE_KIND_LABELS[key]
+    ? t(SOURCE_KIND_LABELS[key])
+    : key.toUpperCase();
+}
+
+/** View band id ('street', 'city'…) as the HUD names it. */
+export function summaryViewBandLabel(band) {
+  switch (band) {
+    case 'street':
+      return t('STREET', { context: 'view band' });
+    case 'city':
+      return t('CITY', { context: 'view band' });
+    case 'regional':
+      return t('REGIONAL', { context: 'view band' });
+    case 'global':
+      return t('GLOBAL', { context: 'view band' });
+    default:
+      return String(band || '').toUpperCase();
+  }
+}
+
 export function createPresentation({
   state: layerState,
   services,
@@ -72,17 +125,13 @@ export function createPresentation({
         : t('ISOLATED VIEW'),
       layerState._showProjection ? t('PROJ MONITOR') : t('PROJ OFF'),
       layerState._coverageMode === 'viewshed' ? t('VIEWSHED') : null,
-      t('CAL {value}', {
-        value: calBadge.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase(),
+      t('CAL {value}', { value: summaryCalLabel(calBadge) }),
+      t('SRC {value}', {
+        value: summarySourceLabel(
+          health?.sourceKind || active.camera.feedType || 'image',
+        ),
       }),
-      health?.sourceKind
-        ? t('SRC {value}', {
-            value: String(health.sourceKind).toUpperCase(),
-          })
-        : t('SRC {value}', {
-            value: String(active.camera.feedType || 'image').toUpperCase(),
-          }),
-      t('{value} CONTEXT', { value: viewBand.toUpperCase() }),
+      t('{value} CONTEXT', { value: summaryViewBandLabel(viewBand) }),
       // Identified hardware: append the model's datasheet specs + attribution.
       active.camera.spec
         ? t('{spec} · SPECS: CCTV-DATABASE.COM', {
@@ -225,14 +274,53 @@ export function createPresentation({
       },
       activeCameraId: activeId,
       activeCamera: active ? getPublicCameraState(active, activeId) : null,
-      cameras: layerState._records.map((record) =>
-        getPublicCameraState(record, activeId),
-      ),
+      cameraIndex: cameraIndex(),
       summary: buildSummaryText(),
     };
+    // The full per-camera state is built only when a subscriber reads it: a
+    // catalog of tens of thousands would otherwise be rebuilt on every
+    // progress tick for listeners that only want the active camera. It reads
+    // the records live at that moment, and spreading or serializing the
+    // payload builds it, so callers that want a count use `count`.
+    let cameras = null;
+    Object.defineProperty(payload, 'cameras', {
+      enumerable: true,
+      get() {
+        cameras ??= layerState._records.map((record) =>
+          getPublicCameraState(record, activeId),
+        );
+        return cameras;
+      },
+    });
     return payload;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * `{ id, city, name }` for the active camera, then every camera the view
+   * pass shows: what the camera picker lists. A whole catalog would put tens
+   * of thousands of options in the DOM and slow every layout. The same array
+   * is returned until the view or the active camera changes, so a consumer
+   * can compare it by identity.
+   * @returns {{id: string, city: string, name: string}[]}
+   */
+
+  function cameraIndex() {
+    const view = layerState._viewRecords;
+    const active = parts.selection.getActiveRecord();
+    const cached = layerState._cameraIndexCache;
+    if (cached?.view === view && cached.active === active) return cached.list;
+    const records = active
+      ? [active, ...view.filter((record) => record !== active)]
+      : view;
+    const list = records.map(({ camera }) => ({
+      id: camera.id,
+      city: camera.city,
+      name: camera.name,
+    }));
+    layerState._cameraIndexCache = { view, active, list };
+    return list;
+  }
+
   /** Dispatches the current UI state to all registered subscriber callbacks. */
 
   function notifyListeners() {

src/layers/cctv/presentation.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// The CCTV summary line names the CAL badge, the source kind and the view
+// band in the page language; unknown codes stay as uppercase codes.
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { setLocale } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import {
+  summaryCalLabel,
+  summarySourceLabel,
+  summaryViewBandLabel,
+} from './presentation.js';
+
+function inLocale(locale, run) {
+  setLocale(locale);
+  try {
+    return run();
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+}
+
+test('English keeps the summary codes', () => {
+  assert.equal(summaryCalLabel('raw-prior'), 'RAW PRIOR');
+  assert.equal(summarySourceLabel('image'), 'IMAGE');
+  assert.equal(summarySourceLabel('hls'), 'HLS');
+  assert.equal(summaryViewBandLabel('street'), 'STREET');
+  assert.equal(summaryViewBandLabel('none'), 'NONE');
+});
+
+test('Portuguese summary values are translated', () => {
+  inLocale('pt', () => {
+    assert.equal(summaryCalLabel('raw-prior'), 'ESTIMATIVA BRUTA');
+    assert.equal(summaryCalLabel('calibrated'), 'CALIBRADA');
+    assert.equal(summarySourceLabel('IMAGE'), 'IMAGEM');
+    assert.equal(summarySourceLabel('mjpeg'), 'MJPEG');
+    assert.equal(summaryViewBandLabel('street'), 'RUA');
+    assert.equal(summaryViewBandLabel('city'), 'CIDADE');
+  });
+});

src/layers/cctv/rendering.js

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
-import { horizonOccluder } from '../../data/iconOrientation.js';
 import { isHeadingEstimated } from './headingConfidence.js';
 import {
   ACTIVE_CAMERA_COLOR,
@@ -11,8 +10,21 @@ import {
   ACTIVE_COVERAGE_EDGE,
   IDLE_COVERAGE_EDGE_MUTED,
   ACTIVE_COVERAGE_EDGE_DEPTHFAIL,
+  VIEW_CELL_PX,
+  VIEW_ICON_MARGIN,
+  VIEW_MIN_CELL_M,
 } from './policy.js';
 
+/** FNV-1a over a camera id: a stable, well-spread order for crowded cells. */
+function idHash(id) {
+  let hash = 0x811c9dc5;
+  for (let i = 0; i < id.length; i++) {
+    hash ^= id.charCodeAt(i);
+    hash = Math.imul(hash, 0x01000193);
+  }
+  return hash >>> 0;
+}
+
 export function createRendering({
   state: layerState,
   services,
@@ -138,24 +150,186 @@ export function createRendering({
    * (Google-3D regime) nothing writes far-side depth, and the billboards are now
    * always-on-top (`disableDepthTestDistance: INFINITY` — the far-zoom submerge
    * fix), so without this pass London's cluster would shine through the planet
-   * from a US viewpoint. Pure math over ≤ catalog-size points; runs on
-   * camera.moveEnd + init only (event-driven — no steady-state work).
+   * from a US viewpoint.
+   *
+   * The same pass thins the view so a large catalog stays readable and cheap:
+   * icons well off screen hide, and each camera competes for a world-anchored
+   * cell sized to VIEW_CELL_PX at its distance (healthiest first, then a stable
+   * id order). The active camera shows whenever it is above the horizon
+   * and near the screen, even in a crowded cell. The shown records become
+   * `_viewRecords`, the working set for geometry, cards and the camera picker;
+   * the array keeps its identity while the shown set is unchanged.
+   *
+   * Runs on camera settle, throttled during motion, on resize, enable and
+   * activation changes — never per frame.
+   * @returns {boolean} Whether the shown set changed.
    */
 
   function refreshHorizonCulling() {
     if (
+      !layerState._enabled ||
       !layerState._viewer ||
       layerState._viewer.isDestroyed() ||
       !layerState._records.length
     )
-      return;
-    const occluder = horizonOccluder(layerState._viewer.camera);
+      return false;
+    const { camera, scene } = layerState._viewer;
+    const width = scene.canvas.clientWidth || scene.canvas.width || 0;
+    const height = scene.canvas.clientHeight || scene.canvas.height || 0;
+    const minX = -width * VIEW_ICON_MARGIN;
+    const maxX = width * (1 + VIEW_ICON_MARGIN);
+    const minY = -height * VIEW_ICON_MARGIN;
+    const maxY = height * (1 + VIEW_ICON_MARGIN);
+    // Ground metres one pixel covers per metre of distance from the viewer.
+    const fovy = Number.isFinite(camera.frustum?.fovy)
+      ? camera.frustum.fovy
+      : Math.PI / 3;
+    const metresPerPixelPerMetre =
+      (2 * Math.tan(fovy / 2)) / Math.max(1, height);
+    const viewer = camera.positionWC;
+    // The horizon test of Cesium's EllipsoidalOccluder, inlined: this loop
+    // visits every camera in the catalog.
+    const inverseRadii = Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84.oneOverRadii;
+    const cx = viewer.x * inverseRadii.x;
+    const cy = viewer.y * inverseRadii.y;
+    const cz = viewer.z * inverseRadii.z;
+    const limbSquared = cx * cx + cy * cy + cz * cz - 1;
+    const activeId = layerState._activeCameraId;
+    const project = screenProjector(scene, camera, width, height);
+    const pass = (layerState._viewPassId = (layerState._viewPassId || 0) + 1);
+    const shown = [];
+    const cells = new Map();
+    for (const record of layerState._records) {
+      const position = record.billboard?.position;
+      if (!position) continue;
+      const vx = position.x * inverseRadii.x - cx;
+      const vy = position.y * inverseRadii.y - cy;
+      const vz = position.z * inverseRadii.z - cz;
+      const vtDotVc = -(vx * cx + vy * cy + vz * cz);
+      if (
+        limbSquared < 0
+          ? vtDotVc > 0
+          : vtDotVc > limbSquared &&
+            (vtDotVc * vtDotVc) / (vx * vx + vy * vy + vz * vz) > limbSquared
+      )
+        continue;
+      const screen = project(position);
+      if (
+        !screen ||
+        !(screen.x >= minX && screen.x <= maxX) ||
+        !(screen.y >= minY && screen.y <= maxY)
+      )
+        continue;
+      const dx = position.x - viewer.x;
+      const dy = position.y - viewer.y;
+      const dz = position.z - viewer.z;
+      const cellM =
+        VIEW_CELL_PX *
+        metresPerPixelPerMetre *
+        Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz);
+      if (record.camera.id === activeId || !(cellM >= VIEW_MIN_CELL_M)) {
+        record.viewPass = pass;
+        shown.push(record);
+        continue;
+      }
+      const key = worldCellKey(record, cellM);
+      const rank = viewRank(record);
+      const holder = cells.get(key);
+      if (!holder || rank < holder.rank) cells.set(key, { record, rank });
+    }
+    for (const { record } of cells.values()) {
+      record.viewPass = pass;
+      shown.push(record);
+    }
     for (const record of layerState._records) {
       const bb = record.billboard;
       if (!bb) continue;
-      const visible = occluder.isPointVisible(bb.position);
+      const visible = record.viewPass === pass;
       if (bb.show !== visible) bb.show = visible;
     }
+    const previous = layerState._viewRecords;
+    const changed =
+      previous.length !== shown.length ||
+      previous.some((record) => record.viewPass !== pass);
+    if (changed) layerState._viewRecords = shown;
+    return changed;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Canvas coordinates for world positions. In 3D the pass multiplies by one
+   * view-projection matrix per call instead of Cesium's per-point
+   * cartesianToCanvasCoordinates, which dominated the pass on a large
+   * catalog; other scene modes keep Cesium's projection.
+   * @returns {(position: Cesium.Cartesian3) => ({x: number, y: number}|null)}
+   */
+  function screenProjector(scene, camera, width, height) {
+    const out = layerState._scratchViewScreen;
+    const projection = camera.frustum?.projectionMatrix;
+    if (
+      scene.mode !== Cesium.SceneMode.SCENE3D ||
+      !projection ||
+      !camera.viewMatrix
+    )
+      return (position) => scene.cartesianToCanvasCoordinates(position, out);
+    const m = Cesium.Matrix4.multiply(
+      projection,
+      camera.viewMatrix,
+      layerState._scratchViewProjection,
+    );
+    return (p) => {
+      const w = m[3] * p.x + m[7] * p.y + m[11] * p.z + m[15];
+      const z = m[2] * p.x + m[6] * p.y + m[10] * p.z + m[14];
+      // Behind the eye or before the near plane: Cesium does not draw it.
+      if (!(w > 0) || z < 0) return null;
+      out.x =
+        ((m[0] * p.x + m[4] * p.y + m[8] * p.z + m[12]) / w + 1) * 0.5 * width;
+      out.y =
+        (1 - (m[1] * p.x + m[5] * p.y + m[9] * p.z + m[13]) / w) * 0.5 * height;
+      return out;
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * A grid cell fixed to the ground: `cellM` rounded up to a power of two
+   * metres, so the cell (and its winner) only changes when the camera's
+   * distance crosses a doubling: a level pan keeps it, a tilted pan or a zoom
+   * can move cameras near the edge of a step to the next one.
+   */
+  function worldCellKey(record, cellM) {
+    const level = Math.ceil(Math.log2(cellM));
+    const { lat, lon } = record.camera;
+    // A camera's key changes only with the level (or an edited position), so
+    // it is kept per level.
+    if (
+      record.viewCellLevel === level &&
+      record.viewCellLat === lat &&
+      record.viewCellLon === lon
+    )
+      return record.viewCellKey;
+    const latStep = 2 ** level / 111_320;
+    const row = Math.floor(lat / latStep);
+    const rowLat = Cesium.Math.toRadians((row + 0.5) * latStep);
+    const lonStep = latStep / Math.max(0.05, Math.cos(rowLat));
+    record.viewCellLevel = level;
+    record.viewCellLat = lat;
+    record.viewCellLon = lon;
+    record.viewCellKey = `${level}:${row}:${Math.floor(lon / lonStep)}`;
+    return record.viewCellKey;
+  }
+
+  /** Lower ranks win a crowded cell: healthy feeds first, then a stable id order. */
+  function viewRank(record) {
+    const status = layerState._healthById.get(record.camera.id)?.status;
+    const tier =
+      status === 'ok'
+        ? 0
+        : status === 'degraded'
+          ? 1
+          : status === 'offline'
+            ? 3
+            : 2;
+    record.viewHash ??= idHash(record.camera.id);
+    return tier * 2 ** 32 + record.viewHash;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -204,6 +378,8 @@ export function createRendering({
     const activeId = activeRecord?.camera.id || null;
     const coverageVisible =
       parts.geometry.buildCoverageVisibleSet(activeRecord);
+    // Drawn coverage needs geometry too (geometryQueue's working set).
+    layerState._coverageVisibleIds = coverageVisible;
     const coverageOn = layerState._coverageMode !== 'off';
     const viewshedOn = layerState._coverageMode === 'viewshed';
     if (coverageOn) {
@@ -215,8 +391,13 @@ export function createRendering({
     for (const record of layerState._records) {
       const isActive = record.camera.id === activeId;
       if (record.billboard) {
-        record.billboard.color = cameraColorFor(record);
-        record.billboard.scale = isActive ? 1.25 : 1.0;
+        // Unchanged writes still dirty the collection, which then rewrites
+        // every icon's vertices: across a large catalog, write only changes.
+        const color = cameraColorFor(record);
+        if (!Cesium.Color.equals(record.billboard.color, color))
+          record.billboard.color = color;
+        const scale = isActive ? 1.25 : 1.0;
+        if (record.billboard.scale !== scale) record.billboard.scale = scale;
         // disableDepthTestDistance stays POSITIVE_INFINITY for every billboard
         // (set at creation) — see the field-test far-zoom submerge fix there.
       }

src/layers/cctv/selection.js

@@ -141,6 +141,11 @@ export function createSelection({
     void parts.ground.resolveFootprintGround(record);
     record.activationDone = true;
     parts.rendering.refreshCoverageStyles();
+    // The active camera's icon always shows; the previously active one
+    // competes for its cell again. Its coverage neighbours join the working
+    // set and are queued for grounding.
+    parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling();
+    parts.geometryQueue.enqueueViewGeometry();
     // The newly active camera leaves the ambient ring (its monitor plane takes
     // over); the freed slot re-fills on this same pass.
     parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
@@ -171,7 +176,9 @@ export function createSelection({
         parts.ground.groundAltFor(previous),
       );
     });
+    parts.rendering.refreshHorizonCulling();
     parts.rendering.refreshCoverageStyles();
+    parts.geometryQueue.enqueueViewGeometry();
     parts.cards.refreshAmbientCards();
     layerState._gizmo?.refresh();
     parts.presentation.notifyListeners();

src/layers/cctv/state.js

@@ -76,6 +76,63 @@ export function createState({ services }) {
 
   layerState._scratchFocusScreen = new Cesium.Cartesian2();
 
+  layerState._scratchViewScreen = new Cesium.Cartesian2();
+
+  layerState._scratchViewProjection = new Cesium.Matrix4();
+
+  // Counts view passes; a record shown by the latest pass carries its number.
+
+  layerState._viewPassId = 0;
+
+  // Records whose icons the last view pass showed (see refreshHorizonCulling):
+  // geometry refinement, the tiles-ready completion pass and ambient cards
+  // work over these, not the whole catalog.
+
+  layerState._viewRecords = [];
+
+  // Coverage ids refreshCoverageStyles last drew: part of the geometry
+  // working set even when their icons are thinned out.
+
+  layerState._coverageVisibleIds = new Set();
+
+  // View pass triggers besides camera settle: an interval while the camera
+  // moves, and a canvas resize observer.
+
+  layerState._viewMotionTimer = 0;
+
+  layerState._viewResizeObserver = null;
+
+  layerState._viewResizeCanvas = null;
+
+  // The camera the moveStart/moveEnd listeners are attached to.
+
+  layerState._viewListenerCamera = null;
+
+  // A motion pass changed the shown set and the settle pass has not yet told
+  // subscribers; the camera pose the last view pass ran at.
+
+  layerState._viewUnpublished = false;
+
+  layerState._viewPose = null;
+
+  // { at, ms } — when the last motion pass ran and what it cost.
+
+  layerState._viewMotionPass = null;
+
+  // Retries the view geometry a drain left unresolved, once cells warm.
+
+  layerState._viewGeometryRetryTimer = 0;
+
+  // { key, count } — the active camera's coverage-overlap count, which the
+  // summary reads on every notification.
+
+  layerState._neighborCountCache = null;
+
+  // { view, active, list } — the camera picker's index uiState publishes,
+  // rebuilt only when the view pass or the active camera changes.
+
+  layerState._cameraIndexCache = null;
+
   // Staggered geometry-load queue state (see startGeometryLoadQueue).
 
   layerState._geoQueue = [];

src/layers/cctv/testing.js

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ export function createTesting({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
    * @param {boolean} [options.enabled=true] Layer enabled state.
    * @param {'off'|'on'|'viewshed'} [options.coverageMode='on'] Coverage mode.
    * @param {boolean} [options.showProjection=false] Projection visibility.
+   * @param {Map<string, Object>} [options.healthById] Health rows by camera id.
    * @returns {void}
    */
 
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ export function createTesting({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     enabled = true,
     coverageMode = 'on',
     showProjection = false,
+    healthById = new Map(),
   } = {}) {
     layerState._viewer = viewer;
     layerState._records = Array.isArray(records) ? records : [];
@@ -108,6 +110,11 @@ export function createTesting({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       'on',
     );
     layerState._showProjection = !!showProjection;
+    layerState._healthById = healthById;
+    layerState._viewRecords = [];
+    layerState._cameraIndexCache = null;
+    layerState._coverageVisibleIds = new Set();
+    layerState._neighborCountCache = null;
   }
   return {
     _pushAmbientCardEntriesForTest,

src/layers/cyclones/source.js

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 import { readResponseJsonCapped } from '../../sources/httpBody.js';
 
+// Shared with the AI tools, so no i18n import: these errors stay English here
+// and the cyclones layer translates them where it shows them (translateKnown).
+const msg = (text) => text;
+
 export const CYCLONE_RESPONSE_LIMIT = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
-const malformed = () => new Error('Malformed cyclone snapshot');
+const malformed = () => new Error(msg('Malformed cyclone snapshot'));
 const text = (value, max = 160) => {
   if (
     typeof value !== 'string' ||
@@ -215,7 +219,7 @@ export function createCycloneSource({
       const abort = () => controller.abort(signal.reason);
       signal?.addEventListener('abort', abort, { once: true });
       const timer = setTimeout(
-        () => controller.abort(new Error('Cyclone request timed out')),
+        () => controller.abort(new Error(msg('Cyclone request timed out'))),
         timeoutMs,
       );
       try {

src/layers/directions/index.js

@@ -18,9 +18,19 @@
 
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
 import { roadLabel } from '../../data/routeSteps.js';
-import { t, msg, formatNumber, translateKnown } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import {
+  t,
+  msg,
+  formatNumber,
+  getLocale,
+  translateKnown,
+} from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { pointerOwnerName } from '../../data/pointerOwnerNames.js';
-import { formatQuantity } from '../../ui/unitLabels.js';
+import {
+  formatQuantity,
+  quantitySeparator,
+  unitLabel,
+} from '../../ui/unitLabels.js';
 
 export const DIRECTIONS_STEP_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID = 'directions-step';
 export const DIRECTIONS_STEP_OVERLAY_SOURCE_OPTIONS = Object.freeze({
@@ -125,7 +135,9 @@ export function routeDurationText(seconds) {
   if (minutes < 60) return formatQuantity(minutes, 'min');
   const hours = formatQuantity(Math.floor(minutes / 60), 'h');
   const rest = minutes % 60;
-  return rest ? `${hours}\u00a0${formatQuantity(rest, 'min')}` : hours;
+  if (!rest) return hours;
+  // "1 h 5 min"; Japanese runs the parts together: 1時間5分.
+  return `${hours}${quantitySeparator(unitLabel('h'))}${formatQuantity(rest, 'min')}`;
 }
 
 /** "left", "slightly right", … as it reads inside a maneuver sentence. */
@@ -394,6 +406,16 @@ export function normalizeDirectionsParams(params = {}) {
   return out;
 }
 
+/**
+ * A travel-mode word inside a sentence: lower case, except in German, where
+ * the words are nouns and keep their capital ("Auto", "Fahrrad").
+ * @param {string} word Translated mode word.
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function modeWordInSentence(word) {
+  return getLocale() === 'de' ? word : word.toLowerCase();
+}
+
 /**
  * Row chips for a given state. Pure so the chip logic is testable without a DOM.
  * @param {{mode:string, armed:null|'a'|'b', a:object|null, b:object|null, status:string, route:object|null}} state
@@ -409,7 +431,7 @@ export function directionsRowControls(state) {
     state: mode === id ? 'active' : 'idle',
     title: t('{mode} — reroute for {modeLower}', {
       mode: t(spec.word),
-      modeLower: t(spec.word).toLowerCase(),
+      modeLower: modeWordInSentence(t(spec.word)),
     }),
     params: { mode: id },
   }));

src/layers/gnss/index.js

@@ -70,10 +70,16 @@ export function createGnssIntegrityLayer({
   viewAnchor = defaultGnssViewAnchor,
   now = () => Date.now(),
   monotonicNow = () => performance.now(),
-  windowMs = GNSS_WINDOW_MS,
+  windowMs: requestedWindowMs,
 } = {}) {
   if (typeof source?.getSnapshot !== 'function')
     throw new TypeError('GNSS integrity layer requires a snapshot source');
+  // A source may set its own evidence window; anything but a positive finite
+  // duration keeps the default.
+  const windowMs =
+    Number.isFinite(requestedWindowMs) && requestedWindowMs > 0
+      ? requestedWindowMs
+      : GNSS_WINDOW_MS;
   let _viewer = null;
   let _primitives = null;
   let _request = null;
@@ -375,7 +381,8 @@ export function createGnssIntegrityLayer({
         chips: [],
         info:
           t(
-            'Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over 30 min',
+            'Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over {minutes} min',
+            { minutes: formatNumber(provenance.window.minutes) },
           ) +
           (_lastError && _retryAt
             ? ` · ${translateFeedError(_lastError)} · ${

src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ export function createLifecycle({
 }) {
   const { state } = vesselState;
   const { restoreSpriteOrder, restoreSpriteOrderOnEnable } = services.sprites;
-  const { holdContinuousRender, releaseContinuousRender } = services.render;
+  const { releaseContinuousRender } = services.render;
   const { ensureGeoidReady } = services.geoid;
   const { registerPickOwner, unregisterPickOwner } = services.picking;
 
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ export function createLifecycle({
     state.interactionHandlerFactory = null;
     state.interactionKeyTarget = null;
     state.preRenderRemover = null;
+    components.rendering.cancelTrailingVisibilityPass();
     state.lastVisibilityUpdate = 0;
     state.lastFocusUpdate = 0;
     state.activeFocusCount = 0;
@@ -164,7 +165,6 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       const wasEnabled = state.feed.enabled;
       state.feed.enabled = true;
       if (!wasEnabled) beginAisSession();
-      holdContinuousRender('ais-vessels'); // per-frame animator (perf wave 2)
       const activeViewer = viewer || state.viewer;
       components.rendering.ensureCollections(activeViewer);
       components.selection.installInteraction(activeViewer);
@@ -208,6 +208,7 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       state.feed.enabled = false;
       invalidateAisSession();
       releaseContinuousRender('ais-vessels');
+      components.rendering.cancelTrailingVisibilityPass();
       unregisterPickOwner('ais-live-vessels');
       components.rendering.setVisible(false);
       vesselState._vesselOverlayHost.clearSource(VESSEL_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID);
@@ -227,6 +228,7 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       const activeViewer = viewer || state.viewer;
       invalidateAisSession();
       releaseContinuousRender('ais-vessels'); // direct-destroy path (perf wave 2 fix)
+      components.rendering.cancelTrailingVisibilityPass();
       if (state.feed.abort) state.feed.abort.abort();
       unregisterPickOwner('ais-live-vessels');
       components.selection.clearVesselInspection();

src/layers/vessels/ownership.test.mjs

@@ -29,7 +29,11 @@ function services() {
       forgetSpriteFocus: noop,
     },
     worldFocus: {},
-    render: { releaseContinuousRender: noop },
+    render: {
+      holdContinuousRender: noop,
+      releaseContinuousRender: noop,
+      governorRequestRender: noop,
+    },
   };
 }
 function setup(source, options = {}) {

src/layers/vessels/renderGovernor.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { createVesselLayer } from './index.js';
+import { VISIBILITY_UPDATE_MS } from './policy.js';
+
+// Vessels move only when a poll lands, so the layer must let the scene idle:
+// it asks for frames for forced passes and one trailing frame after the camera
+// stops, and never schedules a frame from a pass the camera did not cause.
+
+const noop = () => {};
+
+function setup() {
+  let clock = 10_000;
+  const requests = [];
+  const holds = new Set();
+  const timers = new Map();
+  let nextTimer = 1;
+  const layer = createVesselLayer({
+    source: { getSnapshot: async () => ({ records: [] }) },
+    services: {
+      context: {
+        clearSelectedEntityContextForLayer: noop,
+        registerEntityContext: () => null,
+      },
+      trails: {
+        createTrail: () => ({ setPositions: noop, clear: noop, destroy: noop }),
+      },
+      labels: {},
+      picking: { unregisterPickOwner: noop },
+      overlay: {
+        setOverlayEntries: noop,
+        setOverlaySourceVisible: noop,
+        clearOverlaySource: noop,
+      },
+      geoid: {},
+      sprites: {},
+      focus: {
+        focusNowMs: () => clock,
+        getFocusTarget: () => null,
+        focusPassIsNeeded: () => false,
+        forgetSpriteFocus: noop,
+      },
+      worldFocus: {},
+      render: {
+        holdContinuousRender: (id) => holds.add(id),
+        releaseContinuousRender: (id) => holds.delete(id),
+        governorRequestRender: (reason) => requests.push(reason),
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  const camera = {
+    positionWC: { x: 0, y: 0, z: 7_000_000 },
+    heading: 0,
+    pitch: -1.2,
+    roll: 0,
+  };
+  layer.testing._setVesselStateForTest({ viewer: { camera, scene: {} } });
+  layer.testing._setAisRuntimeForTest({
+    now: () => clock,
+    setTimeout(fn, ms) {
+      const id = nextTimer++;
+      timers.set(id, { fn, at: clock + ms });
+      return id;
+    },
+    clearTimeout: (id) => timers.delete(id),
+  });
+  const advance = (ms) => {
+    clock += ms;
+    for (const [id, timer] of [...timers]) {
+      if (timer.at > clock) continue;
+      timers.delete(id);
+      timer.fn();
+    }
+  };
+  const frame = () => layer.testing._runVisibilityPassForTest();
+  return { layer, camera, requests, holds, timers, advance, frame };
+}
+
+test('a parked camera schedules no frames after the cadence pass', () => {
+  const { requests, holds, timers, advance, frame } = setup();
+  frame();
+  for (let i = 0; i < 20; i += 1) {
+    advance(100);
+    frame();
+  }
+  assert.deepEqual(requests, []);
+  assert.equal(timers.size, 0);
+  assert.equal(holds.has('ais-vessels'), false);
+});
+
+test('a camera that stops inside the cadence gets exactly one trailing frame', () => {
+  const { layer, camera, requests, timers, advance, frame } = setup();
+  frame();
+  advance(100);
+  camera.heading = 0.5;
+  frame();
+  advance(100);
+  frame();
+  assert.equal(timers.size, 1, 'one trailing frame, not one per skipped pass');
+  assert.equal(layer.testing._hasTrailingVisibilityPassForTest(), true);
+
+  advance(VISIBILITY_UPDATE_MS);
+  assert.deepEqual(requests, ['ais-vessels-visibility']);
+  // The trailing frame runs the regular pass on the pose the camera stopped
+  // on. Its own frames must not schedule another one.
+  frame();
+  for (let i = 0; i < 20; i += 1) {
+    advance(100);
+    frame();
+  }
+  assert.deepEqual(requests, ['ais-vessels-visibility']);
+  assert.equal(timers.size, 0);
+});
+
+test('a forced pass requests its own frame', () => {
+  const { layer, requests } = setup();
+  layer.testing._runVisibilityPassForTest(true);
+  assert.deepEqual(requests, ['ais-vessels-update']);
+});
+
+test('destroy cancels a pending trailing frame', (t) => {
+  const originalDocument = globalThis.document;
+  globalThis.document = { getElementById: () => null };
+  t.after(() => {
+    if (originalDocument === undefined) delete globalThis.document;
+    else globalThis.document = originalDocument;
+  });
+  const { layer, camera, requests, timers, advance, frame } = setup();
+  frame();
+  advance(100);
+  camera.heading = 0.5;
+  frame();
+  assert.equal(timers.size, 1);
+  layer.destroy();
+  assert.equal(timers.size, 0);
+  advance(VISIBILITY_UPDATE_MS);
+  assert.deepEqual(requests, []);
+});

src/layers/vessels/rendering.js

@@ -75,7 +75,13 @@ export function createRendering({
     focusPassIsNeeded,
     advanceSpriteFocus,
     focusAlphaNeedsWrite,
+    spriteFocusAtRest,
   } = services.focus;
+  const {
+    holdContinuousRender,
+    releaseContinuousRender,
+    governorRequestRender,
+  } = services.render;
 
   function renderRowLimit() {
     const configured = Number(options.maxRows);
@@ -196,6 +202,14 @@ export function createRendering({
     return icon;
   }
 
+  // Vessels move only when a poll lands, so the layer does not hold the
+  // continuous render loop. Its passes run in preRender, which idle mode fires
+  // only for rendered frames: a forced pass (new data, selection) requests its
+  // frame, a frame that moved the camera but fell inside the 800 ms cadence
+  // leaves a trailing frame so the view the camera stopped on is always
+  // evaluated, and the continuous hold is kept only while focus emphasis is
+  // animating. The trailing frame is keyed to camera motion alone: the pass's
+  // own label publication requests a frame, and scheduling on that would loop.
   function installRuntime(viewer) {
     if (state.preRenderRemover || !viewer) return;
     state.preRenderRemover = viewer.scene.preRender.addEventListener(() =>
@@ -203,8 +217,27 @@ export function createRendering({
     );
   }
 
+  function scheduleTrailingVisibilityPass(now) {
+    if (state.trailingVisibilityTimer) return;
+    const waitMs = Math.max(
+      0,
+      VISIBILITY_UPDATE_MS - (now - state.lastVisibilityUpdate),
+    );
+    state.trailingVisibilityTimer = vesselState._aisRuntime.setTimeout(() => {
+      state.trailingVisibilityTimer = null;
+      if (state.feed.enabled) governorRequestRender('ais-vessels-visibility');
+    }, waitMs);
+  }
+
+  function cancelTrailingVisibilityPass() {
+    if (!state.trailingVisibilityTimer) return;
+    vesselState._aisRuntime.clearTimeout(state.trailingVisibilityTimer);
+    state.trailingVisibilityTimer = null;
+  }
+
   function updateVisibility(force = false) {
     if (!state.feed.enabled) return;
+    if (force) governorRequestRender('ais-vessels-update');
     const now = focusNowMs(performance.now());
     const focusTarget = getFocusTarget();
     const regularPass =
@@ -212,13 +245,30 @@ export function createRendering({
     const focusPass =
       focusPassIsNeeded(focusTarget, state.activeFocusCount) &&
       (force || now - state.lastFocusUpdate >= FOCUS_UPDATE_MS);
+    if (
+      !regularPass &&
+      state.viewer?.camera &&
+      cameraPoseSignature(state.viewer.camera) !== vesselState._lastCamPoseSig
+    )
+      scheduleTrailingVisibilityPass(now);
     if (!regularPass && !focusPass) return;
     if (regularPass) state.lastVisibilityUpdate = now;
     if (focusPass) state.lastFocusUpdate = now;
     if (!state.records.all.length) {
       // No records — flush any lingering card entries (vanished-feed case).
-      if (regularPass) updateClusteredLabels([]);
-      if (focusPass) state.activeFocusCount = 0;
+      // Still record the pose this pass evaluated, or every later frame that
+      // falls inside the cadence would schedule another trailing frame.
+      if (regularPass) {
+        if (state.viewer?.camera)
+          vesselState._lastCamPoseSig = cameraPoseSignature(
+            state.viewer.camera,
+          );
+        updateClusteredLabels([]);
+      }
+      if (focusPass) {
+        state.activeFocusCount = 0;
+        releaseContinuousRender('ais-vessels');
+      }
       return;
     }
 
@@ -272,6 +322,9 @@ export function createRendering({
           Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(camera.positionWC, position),
       });
       state.activeFocusCount = result.activeCount;
+      if (result.activeCount > 0 || result.transitioning)
+        holdContinuousRender('ais-vessels');
+      else releaseContinuousRender('ais-vessels');
     }
   }
 
@@ -302,6 +355,16 @@ export function createRendering({
       const bb = visual?.billboard;
       const position = bb?.position || visual?.position;
       if (!bb || !position) continue;
+      // Most of a worldwide feed sits behind the horizon. A hidden sprite with
+      // no pending focus state and full alpha would advance to exactly what it
+      // already is, so skip it instead of paying its distance and state work
+      // every 80 ms while anything is tracked.
+      if (
+        bb.show === false &&
+        spriteFocusAtRest(bb) &&
+        !focusAlphaNeedsWrite(bb.color?.alpha, 1, params)
+      )
+        continue;
       const focus = advanceSpriteFocus(bb, {
         // Hidden/far-side sprites still finish any pending release so the active
         // count remains truthful and they cannot reappear with stale dim alpha.
@@ -510,6 +573,7 @@ export function createRendering({
     shipIcon,
     installRuntime,
     updateVisibility,
+    cancelTrailingVisibilityPass,
     applyVesselFocusDeemphasis,
     makeOccluder,
     isVisible,

src/layers/vessels/state.js

@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ export function createVesselState({ source, services }) {
     /** Test-only key target paired with interactionHandlerFactory. */
     interactionKeyTarget: null,
     preRenderRemover: null,
+    /** Pending timer that renders one frame after a cadence-skipped pass. */
+    trailingVisibilityTimer: null,
     lastVisibilityUpdate: 0,
     lastFocusUpdate: 0,
     /** Sprites whose animated emphasis remains outside the 1.0 deadband. */

src/layers/vessels/testing.js

@@ -151,6 +151,18 @@ export function createTesting({
     };
   }
 
+  /** Run one preRender visibility/focus pass. Test-only seam. */
+
+  function _runVisibilityPassForTest(force = false) {
+    components.rendering.updateVisibility(force);
+  }
+
+  /** True while a trailing visibility frame is scheduled. Test-only seam. */
+
+  function _hasTrailingVisibilityPassForTest() {
+    return state.trailingVisibilityTimer !== null;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Read lifecycle ownership state without exposing the mutable state object.
    * Test-only seam.
@@ -176,5 +188,7 @@ export function createTesting({
     _setAisRuntimeForTest,
     _getVesselFeedStateForTest,
     _getVesselStateForTest,
+    _runVisibilityPassForTest,
+    _hasTrailingVisibilityPassForTest,
   };
 }

src/overlays/worldOverlay.js

@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ export const WORLD_OVERLAY_OCCLUDER_SELECTORS = Object.freeze([
   '.hud-top-right',
   '.hud-bottom-left',
   '.hud-bottom-right',
-  '.hud-top-bar',
   '.hud-bottom-bar',
   '#space-mission-panel',
   '#space-mission-panel-host',

src/panelEscape.test.mjs

@@ -166,11 +166,6 @@ test('Cockpit utility Escape leaves an expanded nested Parameters panel to the s
     /const kind = displayOpen \? 'display' : 'radio';[\s\S]*?escapedFromDisclosure[\s\S]*?returnFocus: !escapedFromDisclosure[\s\S]*?disclosure\?\.blur/,
     'Cockpit utility disclosures clear their own focus when Escape closes them',
   );
-  assert.match(
-    radioBindings,
-    /_contextRadioDock\?\.classList\.contains\('disclosure-open'\)[\s\S]*?escapedFromDisclosure[\s\S]*?setRadioDisclosure\(false, \{ returnFocus: !escapedFromDisclosure \}\)[\s\S]*?_contextRadioToggleBtn\?\.blur/,
-    'compact Radio disclosure clears its own focus when Escape closes it',
-  );
 });
 
 

src/radioMarkup.test.mjs

@@ -206,10 +206,11 @@ test('no unchanged Realtime tool definition drifts silently', () => {
     .sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
     .map((tool) => structuredClone(tool))
     .filter((tool) => tool.name !== 'set_cyber_sonar');
-  // Cyber adds one HUD choice and the sonar tool; retain the existing pin for every legacy field.
+  // Cyber adds one HUD choice and the sonar tool, and Operator was retired;
+  // retain the existing pin for every legacy field.
   const hudLayout = unchanged.find((tool) => tool.name === 'set_hud').parameters.properties.layout;
-  assert.deepEqual(hudLayout.enum, ['tactical', 'operator', 'minimal', 'cyber']);
-  hudLayout.enum = hudLayout.enum.filter((layout) => layout !== 'cyber');
+  assert.deepEqual(hudLayout.enum, ['tactical', 'minimal', 'cyber']);
+  hudLayout.enum = ['tactical', 'operator', 'minimal'];
   // Globe rotation adds one motion and clarifies the two affected descriptions.
   // Check those edits explicitly, then keep the legacy pin for every other field.
   const camera = unchanged.find((tool) => tool.name === 'move_camera');
@@ -239,6 +240,19 @@ test('no unchanged Realtime tool definition drifts silently', () => {
     'Direct the camera like a drone operator: orbit the current view target, pan, tilt, or rotate — one bounded nudge (mode=once) or continuous motion until stopped (mode=continuous). Continuous motion also stops on any manual camera input or when a navigation tool runs. Say the RESULTING state when confirming ("Orbiting slowly").';
   camera.parameters.properties.direction.description =
     'Required except for orbit (defaults right/clockwise) and stop.';
+  // Snow is retired from set_visual_style; restore it to keep the legacy pin.
+  const visualStyle = unchanged.find(
+    (tool) => tool.name === 'set_visual_style',
+  ).parameters.properties.style;
+  assert.deepEqual(visualStyle.enum, [
+    'normal',
+    'retro',
+    'surveillance',
+    'thermal',
+    'anime',
+    'noir',
+  ]);
+  visualStyle.enum = [...visualStyle.enum, 'snow'];
   assert.equal(unchanged.length, 14);
   const digest = createHash('sha256')
     .update(JSON.stringify(unchanged))
@@ -249,7 +263,7 @@ test('no unchanged Realtime tool definition drifts silently', () => {
 });
 
 test('Radio volume and mission speed share the Sharpen slider visual language', () => {
-  for (const id of ['cockpit-radio-volume', 'context-radio-mini-volume', 'radio-volume', 'sdr-volume']) {
+  for (const id of ['cockpit-radio-volume', 'radio-volume', 'sdr-volume']) {
     assert.match(
       html,
       new RegExp(`id="${id}"[^>]*class="gev-quantitative-slider"[^>]*type="range"`),
@@ -269,22 +283,17 @@ test('Radio volume and mission speed share the Sharpen slider visual language',
   assert.doesNotMatch(css, /#space-mission-panel \[data-mission-replay-speed\]::-webkit-slider-thumb/);
 });
 
-test('Radio is nested inside Context with separate disclosure and power controls', () => {
+test('Radio is nested inside Context with its own disclosure and power controls', () => {
   const contextStart = html.indexOf('id="global-context-panel"');
   const radioStart = html.indexOf('id="radio-panel"');
   const contextEnd = html.indexOf('\n  </aside>', contextStart);
   assert.ok(contextStart >= 0 && radioStart > contextStart && radioStart < contextEnd);
   assert.match(html, /id="radio-panel"[^>]*data-panel-id="radio-panel"/);
   assert.match(html, /aria-label="Radio playback"/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-toggle-btn"[^>]*aria-expanded="false"[^>]*aria-controls="context-radio-mini"/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(html, /id="context-radio-toggle-btn"[^>]*aria-pressed=/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-mini"[^>]*aria-label="Compact Radio controls"[^>]*hidden/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-mini-enable-btn"[^>]*aria-pressed="false"/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-details-btn"[^>]*aria-expanded="false"[^>]*aria-controls="radio-panel"/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-details-btn"[\s\S]*?<span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">open_in_full<\/span>/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-mini-close-btn"[^>]*aria-label="Close compact Radio controls"/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-mini-(?:prev|play|next)-btn"/);
-  assert.match(html, /id="context-radio-mini-volume"/);
+  // The Context header carries no Radio shortcut; Radio lives in its own
+  // section below the modes, with one power control.
+  assert.doesNotMatch(html, /context-radio-/);
+  assert.match(html, /id="radio-enable-btn"[^>]*aria-pressed="false"/);
   assert.match(html, /id="cockpit-radio-panel"[^>]*aria-label="Cockpit compact Radio controls"[^>]*hidden/);
   assert.match(html, /id="cockpit-radio-enable-btn"[^>]*aria-pressed="false"/);
   assert.match(html, /id="cockpit-radio-(?:prev|play|next)-btn"/);
@@ -329,8 +338,7 @@ test('Radio is nested inside Context with separate disclosure and power controls
   const baseCss = css.replace(readFileSync(new URL('./ui/styles/cyber.css', import.meta.url), 'utf8'), '');
   assert.doesNotMatch(baseCss, /#right-context-rail\s*>\s*#radio-panel/);
   assert.match(css, /#global-context-panel #radio-panel\.collapsed/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(css, /\.context-radio-dock\.active:hover \.context-radio-mini/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(css, /\.context-radio-dock\.active:focus-within \.context-radio-mini/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(css, /\.context-radio-/);
   assert.match(css, /#right-context-rail #global-context-panel:not\(\.collapsed\) \.context-mode-view,[\s\S]*?#right-context-rail #global-context-panel:not\(\.collapsed\) #radio-panel\s*\{[\s\S]*?flex: 0 0 auto;/);
 });
 
@@ -348,59 +356,18 @@ test('panel collapse is presentation-only and Radio exposes explicit voice playb
   assert.deepEqual(realtimeTools().find(tool => tool.name === 'control_radio').parameters.properties.action.enum, ['enable', 'disable', 'play', 'resume', 'pause', 'stop', 'next', 'previous', 'volume', 'select', 'status']);
   const enableMethod = radioBindings;
   assert.doesNotMatch(enableMethod, /playSelectedRadio|togglePlayback\(\).*radio-enable/i);
-  assert.match(enableMethod, /contextRadioToggleBtn/);
-  assert.match(enableMethod, /contextRadioMiniEnableBtn/);
-  assert.match(enableMethod, /contextRadioDetailsBtn/);
-  assert.match(enableMethod, /contextRadioMiniCloseBtn/);
-  assert.match(enableMethod, /contextRadioMiniPlayBtn/);
-  const disclosureStart = enableMethod.indexOf('this.listen(this._contextRadioToggleBtn,');
-  const disclosureEnd = enableMethod.indexOf("this.listen(this._radioFilter,", disclosureStart);
-  const disclosureBindings = enableMethod.slice(disclosureStart, disclosureEnd);
-  assert.ok(disclosureStart >= 0 && disclosureEnd > disclosureStart, 'compact Radio disclosure bindings are missing');
-  assert.doesNotMatch(disclosureBindings, /toggleRadio\(this\._contextRadioToggleBtn\)/);
-  assert.match(enableMethod, /toggleRadio\(this\._contextRadioMiniEnableBtn\)/);
-  assert.match(disclosureBindings, /contextRadioMiniCloseBtn[\s\S]*?setRadioDisclosure\(false, \{ returnFocus: true \}\)/);
-  assert.match(disclosureBindings, /contextRadioDetailsBtn[\s\S]*?setPanelCollapsed\('radio-panel', false, \{ explicit: true \}\)/);
-  assert.match(
-    disclosureBindings,
-    /contextRadioToggleBtn[\s\S]*?!contextPanel\.classList\.contains\('collapsed'\)[\s\S]*?setRadioDisclosure\(false\)[\s\S]*?setPanelCollapsed\('radio-panel', false, \{ explicit: true \}\)[\s\S]*?_revealRadioPanelInsideContext/,
-  );
-  assert.doesNotMatch(disclosureBindings, /setPanelCollapsed\('radio-panel', !/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(enableMethod, /contextRadio/);
+  assert.match(enableMethod, /toggleRadio\(this\._radioEnableBtn\)/);
   assert.match(ui, /setAttribute\('aria-expanded', String\(/);
   assert.match(readFileSync(new URL('./ui/shellFeedback.js', import.meta.url), 'utf8'), /\.hidden = !/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(method, /panelId === 'global-context-panel'[\s\S]*?this\._radioState\?\.enabled[\s\S]*?setPanelCollapsed\('radio-panel', false\)/);
 });
 
-test('expanded Context routes its Radio icon to the embedded section and keeps collapsed Context compact', () => {
-  const revealStart = radioControlsSource.indexOf('\n  async _revealRadioPanelInsideContext');
-  const revealEnd = radioControlsSource.indexOf('\n  /**', revealStart + 10);
-  const revealMethod = radioControlsSource.slice(revealStart, revealEnd);
-  assert.ok(revealStart >= 0 && revealEnd > revealStart, 'embedded Radio reveal helper is missing');
-  assert.match(revealMethod, /requestAnimationFrame\(\(\) => requestAnimationFrame/);
-  assert.match(revealMethod, /scroller\.scrollTo\(\{\s*top: next,\s*behavior: reducedMotion \? 'auto' : 'smooth',?\s*\}\)/);
-  assert.match(revealMethod, /focus\?\.\(\{ preventScroll: true \}\)/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(revealMethod, /setEnabled|togglePlayback|selectStation|setContextMode/);
-
-  const syncStart = radioControlsSource.indexOf('\n  _syncContextRadioLauncherState()');
-  const syncEnd = radioControlsSource.indexOf('\n  destroy()', syncStart + 10);
-  const syncMethod = radioControlsSource.slice(syncStart, syncEnd);
-  assert.ok(syncStart >= 0 && syncEnd > syncStart, 'Context Radio launcher state sync is missing');
-  assert.match(syncMethod, /contextExpanded[\s\S]*?aria-controls', 'radio-panel'[\s\S]*?aria-expanded',\s*String\(radioExpanded\)/);
-  assert.match(syncMethod, /aria-controls',\s*'context-radio-mini'[\s\S]*?aria-expanded',\s*String\(compactOpen\)/);
-  const renderMethod = radioPresentation;
-  assert.match(renderMethod, /this\._syncContextRadioLauncherState\(\)/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(renderMethod, /compact Radio controls/);
-  assert.doesNotMatch(renderMethod, /_contextRadioToggleBtn\.setAttribute\('aria-(?:controls|expanded|label)'/);
-});
-
 test('Radio disclosure is explicit, starts closed while off, and preserves playback state', () => {
   const renderMethod = radioPresentation;
   assert.doesNotMatch(renderMethod, /setPanelCollapsed\('radio-panel', true\).*stopPlayback/s);
   assert.doesNotMatch(renderMethod, /_radioMiniExpanded\s*=\s*false.*audioState === 'playing'/s);
-  assert.match(ui, /contextRadioDetailsBtn/);
-  const syncStart = ui.indexOf('\n  _syncPanelCollapseButton(panelEl)');
-  const syncMethod = ui.slice(syncStart, ui.indexOf('\n  }', syncStart + 10));
-  assert.doesNotMatch(syncMethod, /contextRadioDetailsBtn[\s\S]*?(?:aria-label|textContent|\.title)/);
+  assert.doesNotMatch(renderMethod, /_syncContextRadioLauncherState/);
 });
 
 test('successful explicit user playback hands the speaker from voice to Radio', () => {

src/scenes/bootstrapTitleProvenance.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { SCENE_RECIPES, displayShotTitle } from './recipes.js';
+import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
+test('an operator-typed title in the built-in Nepal scene stays as typed', () => {
+  const scene = SCENE_RECIPES.find((r) => r.id === 'bhote-koshi-nepal-scene');
+  assert.ok(scene, 'built-in bootstrap scene exists');
+  for (const locale of ['ru', 'es', 'it', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant']) {
+    setLocale(locale);
+    const title = 'Global Incident Context';
+    // A shot captured by the operator: no sourcePackId, renamed to this title.
+    const shown = displayShotTitle(
+      title,
+      { id: 'shot-user', title },
+      { id: scene.id },
+    );
+    assert.equal(shown, title, `${locale}: got ${shown}`);
+  }
+});

src/scenes/director.test.mjs

@@ -712,6 +712,10 @@ test('a legacy three-shot Nepal browser project bootstraps to the current 25-sho
     assert.deepEqual(scene.shots.slice(0, 3).map(({ camera }) => camera), originalCameras);
     assert.equal(scene.appliedShotPacks[0].id, 'bhote-koshi-nepal-evidence-pack');
     assert.equal(scene.appliedShotPacks[0].version, 18);
+    // displayShotTitle trusts these bindings to localize the bootstrap shots.
+    for (const shot of scene.shots.slice(0, 8)) {
+      assert.equal(scene.appliedShotPacks[0].shotBindings[shot.title], shot.id);
+    }
     assert.equal(director._selectedSceneId, scene.id);
     assert.equal(director._selectedShotId, scene.shots[0].id);
   } finally {

src/scenes/project.js

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   BLOOM_SCALE_VERSION,
   decodeBloomIntensity,
 } from '../bloom.js';
+import { RETIRED_STYLES } from '../visualStylePolicy.js';
 
 /** @constant {number} Current schema version for project migration */
 export const PROJECT_VERSION = SCENE_DOCUMENT_VERSION;
@@ -262,7 +263,9 @@ export function normalizeShot(
     ...(rawShot?.dataPackIds ? { dataPackIds: [...rawShot.dataPackIds] } : {}),
     ...(rawShot?.move ? { move: deepClone(rawShot.move) } : {}),
     visual: {
-      style: visual.style || 'normal',
+      style: RETIRED_STYLES.includes(visual.style)
+        ? 'normal'
+        : visual.style || 'normal',
       bloom: normalizeBloomState(bloom, {
         projectVersion,
         fallbackIntensity: 50,

src/scenes/recipes.js

@@ -1061,25 +1061,44 @@ export function displaySceneTitle(scene) {
  * (`sourcePackId`), so a typed title that matches a built-in one stays as
  * typed. Without `shot`, the title alone decides.
  * @param {string} title
- * @param {{sourcePackId?: string}} [shot]
- * @param {{id?: string}} [scene] The shot's scene, for projects saved before
- *   shots recorded their source pack.
+ * @param {{id?: string, sourcePackId?: string}} [shot]
+ * @param {{id?: string, appliedShotPacks?: Array<{id?: string, shotBindings?: Object<string, string>}>}} [scene]
+ *   The shot's scene, for projects saved before shots recorded their source
+ *   pack.
  * @returns {string}
  */
 export function displayShotTitle(title, shot = undefined, scene = undefined) {
   const text = typeof title === 'string' ? title : '';
   const fromRecipe = shot
-    ? Boolean(shot.sourcePackId) || recipeDeclaresShotTitle(scene?.id, text)
+    ? Boolean(shot.sourcePackId) || recipeDeclaresShotTitle(scene, shot, text)
     : true;
   if (fromRecipe && BUILTIN_SHOT_TITLES.has(text)) return t(text);
   const numbered = /^Shot ([1-9]\d*)$/.exec(text);
   return numbered ? t('Shot {n}', { n: numbered[1] }) : text;
 }
 
-/** Whether the built-in recipe behind a scene declares a shot with this title. */
-function recipeDeclaresShotTitle(sceneId, title) {
-  const recipe = sceneId ? getSceneRecipeById(sceneId) : null;
-  return Boolean(
-    recipe?.cameraPath?.some((keyframe) => keyframe?.title === title),
+/** Whether the built-in recipe behind a scene declares this shot's title. */
+function recipeDeclaresShotTitle(scene, shot, title) {
+  const recipe = scene?.id ? getSceneRecipeById(scene.id) : null;
+  if (!recipe) return false;
+  const declares = (path) =>
+    Array.isArray(path) && path.some((keyframe) => keyframe?.title === title);
+  if (declares(recipe.cameraPath)) return true;
+  // A bootstrap recipe seeds legacy "Shot N" keyframes; the upgrade replaces
+  // them with the append recipe's bootstrap shots, which carry no source pack.
+  // The pack marker binds each of those titles to its shot id, so a shot the
+  // operator later gave the same title stays as typed.
+  return SCENE_APPEND_RECIPES.some(
+    (append) =>
+      append.legacySceneBootstrap?.targetSceneTitle === recipe.title &&
+      declares(append.legacySceneBootstrap.cameraPath) &&
+      Boolean(shot?.id) &&
+      (Array.isArray(scene.appliedShotPacks)
+        ? scene.appliedShotPacks
+        : []
+      ).some(
+        (marker) =>
+          marker?.id === append.id && marker.shotBindings?.[title] === shot.id,
+      ),
   );
 }

src/scenes/sceneTitleDisplay.test.mjs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 import test from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import {
+  SCENE_APPEND_RECIPES,
   SCENE_RECIPES,
   displaySceneTitle,
   displayShotTitle,
@@ -141,3 +142,40 @@ test('the scene context of a shot carries its display title by provenance', asyn
     title,
   );
 });
+
+test('bootstrap shots of a built-in scene localize without a source pack', () => {
+  setLocale('ru');
+  const append = SCENE_APPEND_RECIPES.find(
+    (recipe) => recipe.legacySceneBootstrap?.cameraPath?.length,
+  );
+  if (!append) return;
+  const bootstrap = append.legacySceneBootstrap;
+  const scene = SCENE_RECIPES.find(
+    (recipe) => recipe.title === bootstrap.targetSceneTitle,
+  );
+  if (!scene) return;
+  for (const { title } of bootstrap.cameraPath) {
+    // The upgrade copies these keyframes into the scene without sourcePackId
+    // and binds each title to its shot in the pack marker.
+    const upgraded = {
+      id: scene.id,
+      appliedShotPacks: [
+        { id: append.id, version: 1, shotBindings: { [title]: 'shot-old' } },
+      ],
+    };
+    assert.equal(
+      displayShotTitle(title, { id: 'shot-old', title }, upgraded),
+      displayShotTitle(title),
+    );
+    // Another shot the operator gave the same title stays as typed.
+    assert.equal(
+      displayShotTitle(title, { id: 'shot-user', title }, upgraded),
+      title,
+    );
+    // The same title in an operator's own scene stays as typed.
+    assert.equal(
+      displayShotTitle(title, { id: 'shot-user', title }, { id: 'scene-user' }),
+      title,
+    );
+  }
+});

src/share/legacyShareState.test.mjs

@@ -107,6 +107,13 @@ test('the HAL example survives the round trip and shrinks to 39 characters', ()
   );
 });
 
+test('a long-form link to the retired Snow style opens as Normal', () => {
+  const snow = parseLegacy('v=2&lat=1&lon=2&style=snow&sp=d.90_w.20');
+  const normal = parseLegacy('v=2&lat=1&lon=2');
+  assert.equal(snow.style, 'normal');
+  assert.deepEqual(snow.styleParams, normal.styleParams);
+});
+
 test('links from earlier long-form versions keep their historical meaning', () => {
   for (const hash of [
     'lat=10&lon=20',

src/share/viewCodec.js

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import {
 } from '../data/detectionPolicy.js';
 import { clampScopeFeatherPct } from '../scopeMaskPolicy.js';
 import { VIEW_STYLES } from '../view/index.js';
+import { RETIRED_STYLES } from '../visualStylePolicy.js';
 import {
   GLOBAL_POST_DEFAULTS,
   STYLE_PRESET_DEFAULTS,
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ export const SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS = Object.freeze({
     'thermal',
     'anime',
     'noir',
-    'snow',
+    'snow', // retired (RETIRED_STYLES): decodes as Normal
   ]),
   mapStack: Object.freeze([
     'photoreal',
@@ -221,10 +222,6 @@ export const SHARE_VIEW_STYLE_PARAMS = Object.freeze({
     { key: 'grainAmt', token: 'g', min: 0, max: 1 },
     { key: 'vignetteAmt', token: 'v', min: 0, max: 1 },
   ]),
-  snow: freezeAll([
-    { key: 'density', token: 'd', min: 0, max: 1 },
-    { key: 'wind', token: 'w', min: 0, max: 1 },
-  ]),
 });
 
 /**
@@ -1321,8 +1318,12 @@ export function decodeShareView(code, { nowMs = Date.now() } = {}) {
         return { ok: false, reason: 'out-of-range' };
     }
 
+    // A retired style's code stays reserved: the view opens on Normal, and
+    // parameters written for it are dropped rather than reported as unknown.
+    const retiredStyle = RETIRED_STYLES.includes(raw.style);
     if (raw.style !== undefined && !VIEW_STYLES.includes(raw.style)) {
-      if (get('style').len) unknown.code('enum:style', raw.style);
+      if (get('style').len && !retiredStyle)
+        unknown.code('enum:style', raw.style);
       raw.style = undefined;
     }
     for (const key of ['hudVariant', 'mapStack']) {
@@ -1357,7 +1358,7 @@ export function decodeShareView(code, { nowMs = Date.now() } = {}) {
       unknown.code('layer-option', 'without-layers');
     if (get('panelState'))
       raw.panelState = decodePanels(get('panelState').len, unknown);
-    if (get('styleParams'))
+    if (get('styleParams') && !retiredStyle)
       raw.styleParams = decodeStyleParams(
         get('styleParams').len,
         raw.style ?? 'normal',

src/share/viewCodec.test.mjs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import {
   LAYER_STATE_REGISTRY,
+  LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_ALPHABET,
   LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS,
   REGISTERED_LAYER_IDS,
   createDefaultLayerState,
@@ -437,10 +438,20 @@ test('defaults travel as frozen meanings that match today’s app defaults', ()
   assert.equal(defaults.bloomIntensity, BLOOM_INTENSITY_DEFAULT);
   assert.equal(defaults.bloomVersion, BLOOM_SCALE_VERSION);
   assert.equal(defaults.hudVariant, HUD_LAYOUTS[0]);
-  assert.deepEqual(SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.hudVariant.slice(0, HUD_LAYOUTS.length), [
-    ...HUD_LAYOUTS,
+  // Codes are append-only: the retired Operator layout keeps code 1 so old
+  // links still parse, and the app restores them as Tactical.
+  assert.deepEqual(SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.hudVariant, [
+    'tactical',
+    'operator',
+    'minimal',
+    'cyber',
   ]);
-  assert.deepEqual(SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.style, [...VIEW_STYLES]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.hudVariant.filter((variant) => variant !== 'operator'),
+    [...HUD_LAYOUTS],
+  );
+  // Snow is retired; its code stays reserved (see the retired-style test).
+  assert.deepEqual(SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.style, [...VIEW_STYLES, 'snow']);
   assert.deepEqual(SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.mapStack, [...VIEW_MAPS]);
   assert.deepEqual(SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.detectionAllocation, [
     ...ALLOCATION_STRATEGIES,
@@ -549,7 +560,6 @@ test('the field registry is well formed and permanent', () => {
       ...common,
       styleParams: { contrastAmt: 1.2, grainAmt: 0.5, vignetteAmt: 0.5 },
     },
-    snow: { ...common, styleParams: { density: 0.6, wind: 0.5 } },
   });
   assert.deepEqual(
     SHARE_VIEW_ENTITY_KINDS.map((e) => [e.code, e.kind]),
@@ -966,6 +976,29 @@ test('enum names outside the code tables travel as text', () => {
   ]);
 });
 
+test('links to the retired Snow style open as Normal', () => {
+  const snowCode = SHARE_VIEW_ENUMS.style.indexOf('snow');
+  assert.equal(snowCode, 6, 'a retired code is never reused');
+  const params = new WireWriter()
+    .varint(LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_ALPHABET.indexOf('d'))
+    .varint(90)
+    .varint(LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_ALPHABET.indexOf('w'))
+    .varint(20)
+    .finish();
+  for (const writeStyle of [
+    (writer) => writer.uintField(14, snowCode),
+    (writer) => writer.textField(14, 'snow'),
+  ]) {
+    const writer = new WireWriter();
+    writer.bytes.push(1);
+    writeStyle(writer);
+    writer.bytesField(27, params);
+    const { state, unknownFields } = decodeOk(hashOf(writer.finish()));
+    assert.deepEqual(state, normalizeShareViewState({}));
+    assert.equal(unknownFields, undefined);
+  }
+});
+
 /* ---------------- integrity ---------------- */
 
 test('malformed input is rejected with a reason, never thrown', () => {

src/styles/snow.js

@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-import { msg } from '../i18n/marker.js';
-
-/**
- * Snow Style — White overlay + Desaturation + Falling particles
- * Transforms the world into a winter wonderland
- */
-export const snowShader = {
-  name: 'snow',
-  uniforms: {
-    density: { default: 0.6, min: 0, max: 1, label: msg('Density') },
-    wind: { default: 0.5, min: 0, max: 1, label: msg('Wind') },
-  },
-  fragmentShader: /* glsl */ `
-    uniform sampler2D colorTexture;
-    uniform vec2 colorTextureDimensions;
-    uniform float intensity;
-    uniform float time;
-    uniform float density;
-    uniform float wind;
-    in vec2 v_textureCoordinates;
-
-    // Hash function for pseudo-random snow
-    float hash(vec2 p) {
-      p = fract(p * vec2(123.34, 456.21));
-      p += dot(p, p + 45.32);
-      return fract(p.x * p.y);
-    }
-
-    // Layered snow particles
-    float snowLayer(vec2 uv, float layer) {
-      float depth = 0.5 + layer * 0.5;
-      float speed = 0.4 + layer * 0.3;
-      float size = mix(0.01, 0.025, layer);
-      float windForce = 0.05 + wind * 0.2;
-
-      vec2 snowUV = uv * vec2(1.0, 0.5) * (4.0 + layer * 4.0);
-      snowUV.y += time * speed;
-      // Offset is the integral of a swaying velocity sin(time * 0.5 + phase) * windForce,
-      // so the sway stays bounded however long the app has been running.
-      snowUV.x -= 2.0 * cos(time * 0.5 + layer * 3.14) * windForce;
-
-      vec2 cell = floor(snowUV);
-      vec2 f = fract(snowUV);
-
-      float snow = 0.0;
-      // Check neighboring cells for smooth particles
-      for (int y = -1; y <= 1; y++) {
-        for (int x = -1; x <= 1; x++) {
-          vec2 neighbor = vec2(float(x), float(y));
-          vec2 point = vec2(hash(cell + neighbor), hash(cell + neighbor + 100.0));
-          // Animate particle position slightly
-          point = 0.5 + 0.4 * sin(time * 0.3 + 6.2831 * point);
-          float d = length(f - neighbor - point);
-          snow += smoothstep(size, 0.0, d) * depth;
-        }
-      }
-      return snow;
-    }
-
-    void main() {
-      vec2 uv = v_textureCoordinates;
-      vec4 color = texture(colorTexture, uv);
-
-      // Cool/blue color shift
-      vec3 cool = color.rgb * vec3(0.85, 0.9, 1.1);
-
-      // Desaturate partially
-      float luma = dot(cool, vec3(0.299, 0.587, 0.114));
-      vec3 desaturated = mix(cool, vec3(luma), 0.4 * intensity);
-
-      // Brighten (snow coverage lightens everything)
-      vec3 brightened = mix(desaturated, vec3(1.0), 0.15 * intensity);
-
-      // Add white frost overlay on brighter areas
-      float frostMask = smoothstep(0.3, 0.8, luma);
-      vec3 frosted = mix(brightened, vec3(0.95, 0.97, 1.0), frostMask * 0.25 * intensity);
-
-      // Accumulate snow particle layers (density controls amount)
-      float snow = 0.0;
-      snow += snowLayer(uv, 0.0) * 0.5;
-      snow += snowLayer(uv, 0.25) * 0.6;
-      snow += snowLayer(uv, 0.5) * 0.7;
-      snow += snowLayer(uv, 0.75) * 0.8;
-      snow += snowLayer(uv, 1.0) * 1.0;
-      snow = clamp(snow * (0.4 + density * 1.2), 0.0, 1.0);
-
-      // Composite snow particles
-      vec3 result = frosted + snow * 0.8 * intensity;
-
-      // Subtle fog in lower areas
-      float fog = smoothstep(0.0, 0.4, 1.0 - uv.y) * 0.1 * intensity;
-      result = mix(result, vec3(0.85, 0.88, 0.95), fog);
-
-      out_FragColor = vec4(mix(color.rgb, result, intensity), color.a);
-    }
-  `,
-};

src/ui/applicationShell.js

@@ -114,19 +114,14 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
     Object.assign(this, readShellElements());
     this._panelChrome = new PanelChrome({
       elements: {
-        _contextRadioDetailsBtn: this._contextRadioDetailsBtn,
-        _contextRadioDock: this._contextRadioDock,
         _leftPanelStack: this._leftPanelStack,
         _locationSearch: this._locationSearch,
         _ppToggles: this._ppToggles,
         _rightPanelStack: this._rightPanelStack,
       },
       operations: {
-        _setRadioDisclosure: (...args) => this._setRadioDisclosure(...args),
         _syncCctvPanelViewport: (...args) =>
           this._syncCctvPanelViewport(...args),
-        _syncContextRadioLauncherState: (...args) =>
-          this._syncContextRadioLauncherState(...args),
         _showToast: (...args) => this._showToast(...args),
       },
       readHud: () => this.hud,
@@ -414,8 +409,6 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
           this.getAircraftTrackingTarget(...args),
         _scheduleRightPanelLayout: (...args) =>
           this._scheduleRightPanelLayout(...args),
-        _syncContextRadioLauncherState: (...args) =>
-          this._syncContextRadioLauncherState(...args),
       },
       readDataManager: () => this._dataManager,
       readContext: () => this.getContextModeState(),
@@ -1052,18 +1045,6 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
         _cockpitRadioVolume: this._cockpitRadioVolume,
         _cockpitRadioVolumeValue: this._cockpitRadioVolumeValue,
         _cockpitUtilityControls: this._cockpitUtilityControls,
-        _contextRadioDetailsBtn: this._contextRadioDetailsBtn,
-        _contextRadioDock: this._contextRadioDock,
-        _contextRadioMini: this._contextRadioMini,
-        _contextRadioMiniCloseBtn: this._contextRadioMiniCloseBtn,
-        _contextRadioMiniEnableBtn: this._contextRadioMiniEnableBtn,
-        _contextRadioMiniNextBtn: this._contextRadioMiniNextBtn,
-        _contextRadioMiniPlayBtn: this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn,
-        _contextRadioMiniPrevBtn: this._contextRadioMiniPrevBtn,
-        _contextRadioMiniStation: this._contextRadioMiniStation,
-        _contextRadioMiniVolume: this._contextRadioMiniVolume,
-        _contextRadioMiniVolumeValue: this._contextRadioMiniVolumeValue,
-        _contextRadioToggleBtn: this._contextRadioToggleBtn,
         _radioEnableBtn: this._radioEnableBtn,
         _radioFilter: this._radioFilter,
         _radioLayerState: this._radioLayerState,
@@ -1337,7 +1318,7 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
 
   /**
    * Switches the HUD layout variant.
-   * @param {'tactical'|'operator'|'minimal'|'cyber'} variantName - Layout variant.
+   * @param {'tactical'|'minimal'|'cyber'} variantName - Layout variant.
    * @returns {{ok: boolean, layout?: string, visible?: boolean, error?: string}}
    */
   setHudLayout(variantName) {
@@ -1598,7 +1579,7 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
    * 2. Crossfades the new shader stage intensity to 1.
    * 3. Applies style preset defaults (bloom/sharpen/HUD) if applyPreset is true.
    * 4. Updates button highlights, style indicator, slider panel, HUD, and detection overlay.
-   * @param {string} styleName - Target style ('normal'|'retro'|'surveillance'|'thermal'|'anime'|'noir'|'snow').
+   * @param {string} styleName - Target style ('normal'|'retro'|'surveillance'|'thermal'|'anime'|'noir').
    * @param {object} [options]
    * @param {boolean} [options.applyPreset=true] - Whether to apply STYLE_PRESET_DEFAULTS for the new style.
    * @param {boolean} [options.userInitiated=false] - Whether a direct user preset choice owns the Cyber exit style.

src/ui/applicationShortcuts.js

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ const STYLE_KEYS = Object.freeze({
   4: 'thermal',
   5: 'anime',
   6: 'noir',
-  7: 'snow',
 });
 
 /**

src/ui/cctvBindings.js

@@ -59,6 +59,12 @@ export function _initCctvPanel() {
     );
   });
 
+  // The picker defers rebuilds while focused; catch up once it lets go.
+  this.listen(this._cctvSelect, 'blur', () => {
+    this._cctvSelectSource = null;
+    this._renderCctvState(this._cctvState);
+  });
+
   this.listen(this._cctvSelect, 'change', async () => {
     const generation = ++this._actionGeneration;
     const activeId = this._cctvState?.activeCameraId;
@@ -72,9 +78,9 @@ export function _initCctvPanel() {
       (activeId && activeId !== this._cctvState?.activeCameraId)
     )
       return;
-    // Picking a camera from the dropdown flies to it. The catalog spans
-    // three metros, so a bare selection used to leave the view in the old
-    // city with a camera active thousands of km away.
+    // Picking a camera from the dropdown flies to it. The dropdown lists the
+    // cameras in view (and the active camera, which may be far away), so a
+    // bare selection could leave the view somewhere else.
     this.actions.runExplicitFocus(
       () => (this.cctv.selectCamera(cameraId) ? cameraId : null),
       (selectedId) => this.cctv.focusCamera(selectedId, 2.2),

src/ui/cctvPicker.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+// src/ui/cctvPicker.test.mjs — the camera picker lists the cameras in view and
+// says how many more the view leaves out.
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { CctvControls } from './cctvControls.js';
+
+/** The slice of a <select> and its document the picker touches. */
+function pickerDocument() {
+  const select = new EventTarget();
+  const option = () => ({
+    value: '',
+    textContent: '',
+    disabled: false,
+    dataset: {},
+    remove() {
+      select.options = select.options.filter((entry) => entry !== this);
+    },
+  });
+  Object.assign(select, {
+    options: [],
+    disabled: false,
+    selectedIndex: -1,
+    get value() {
+      return this.options[this.selectedIndex]?.value ?? '';
+    },
+    set value(id) {
+      this.selectedIndex = this.options.findIndex((o) => o.value === id);
+    },
+    replaceChildren(fragment) {
+      this.options = [...fragment.children];
+      this.selectedIndex = this.options.length ? 0 : -1;
+    },
+    prepend(child) {
+      this.options.unshift(child);
+    },
+  });
+  const document = {
+    activeElement: null,
+    createElement: option,
+    createDocumentFragment: () => ({
+      children: [],
+      appendChild(child) {
+        this.children.push(child);
+      },
+    }),
+  };
+  return { document, select };
+}
+
+function fixture(t) {
+  const { document, select } = pickerDocument();
+  const previous = globalThis.document;
+  globalThis.document = document;
+  const controls = new CctvControls({
+    elements: { _cctvSelect: select },
+    cctv: {},
+    actions: { isEnabled: () => true, setPanelCollapsed() {} },
+  });
+  t.after(() => {
+    controls.destroy();
+    globalThis.document = previous;
+  });
+  return { controls, select };
+}
+
+const camera = (id) => ({ id, city: 'Austin', name: `Cam ${id}` });
+
+test('the picker closes with the count of cameras outside the view', (t) => {
+  const { controls, select } = fixture(t);
+  controls._renderCctvState({
+    enabled: true,
+    count: 40,
+    cameraIndex: [camera('a'), camera('b')],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    select.options.map((o) => o.value),
+    ['a', 'b', ''],
+  );
+  const note = select.options[2];
+  assert.equal(note.disabled, true);
+  assert.equal(
+    note.textContent,
+    '38 more cameras outside this view · pan or zoom out',
+  );
+  assert.equal(select.selectedIndex, -1, 'nothing active, nothing picked');
+
+  controls._renderCctvState({
+    enabled: true,
+    count: 2,
+    cameraIndex: [camera('a'), camera('b')],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    select.options.map((o) => o.value),
+    ['a', 'b'],
+    'a view holding every camera has no note',
+  );
+});
+
+test('with no camera in view, the closed picker shows the note', (t) => {
+  const { controls, select } = fixture(t);
+  controls._renderCctvState({ enabled: true, count: 1, cameraIndex: [] });
+  assert.equal(select.options.length, 1);
+  assert.equal(
+    select.options[select.selectedIndex].textContent,
+    '1 more camera outside this view · pan or zoom out',
+  );
+});
+
+test('a disabled layer has no note', (t) => {
+  const { controls, select } = fixture(t);
+  controls._renderCctvState({ enabled: false, count: 40, cameraIndex: [] });
+  assert.equal(select.options.length, 0);
+  assert.equal(select.selectedIndex, -1);
+});
+
+test('a camera activated under a focused picker counts against the note', (t) => {
+  const { controls, select } = fixture(t);
+  const a = camera('a');
+  const b = camera('b');
+  controls._renderCctvState({
+    enabled: true,
+    count: 3,
+    cameraIndex: [a],
+    activeCameraId: 'a',
+    activeCamera: a,
+  });
+  assert.equal(
+    select.options.at(-1).textContent,
+    '2 more cameras outside this view · pan or zoom out',
+  );
+  globalThis.document.activeElement = select;
+  controls._renderCctvState({
+    enabled: true,
+    count: 3,
+    cameraIndex: [b, a],
+    activeCameraId: 'b',
+    activeCamera: b,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    select.options.map((o) => o.value),
+    ['b', 'a', ''],
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    select.options.at(-1).textContent,
+    '1 more camera outside this view · pan or zoom out',
+  );
+  assert.equal(select.value, 'b');
+});
+
+test('a focused picker does not pick a stale camera when the view empties', (t) => {
+  const { controls, select } = fixture(t);
+  controls._renderCctvState({
+    enabled: true,
+    count: 3,
+    cameraIndex: [camera('a')],
+  });
+  globalThis.document.activeElement = select;
+  controls._renderCctvState({ enabled: true, count: 3, cameraIndex: [] });
+  assert.equal(select.selectedIndex, -1);
+});

src/ui/cctvPresentation.js

@@ -16,6 +16,15 @@ export function _calBadgeLabel(badge) {
   }
 }
 
+/** The picker's closing line for the cameras the view leaves out. */
+function outsideNoteText(count) {
+  return tn(
+    count,
+    '{count} more camera outside this view · pan or zoom out',
+    '{count} more cameras outside this view · pan or zoom out',
+  );
+}
+
 export function _renderCctvState(state) {
   if (this.destroyed) return;
   if (
@@ -26,7 +35,13 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
     this._calibrationEdit?.(false);
   }
   this._cctvState = state || null;
-  const cameras = state?.cameras || [];
+  // The light index, not `state.cameras`: reading that builds every camera's
+  // full state, which a large catalog cannot afford on each notification.
+  const cameras = state?.cameraIndex || state?.cameras || [];
+  // The picker lists what is in view; the catalog is every camera.
+  const catalogCount = Number.isFinite(state?.count)
+    ? state.count
+    : cameras.length;
   const enabled = !!state?.enabled && !!this.actions.isEnabled();
   const activeId = state?.activeCameraId || '';
   const activeCamera = state?.activeCamera || null;
@@ -59,28 +74,79 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
   }
 
   if (this._cctvSelect) {
+    // The index keeps its identity until the view or the active camera
+    // changes, so an unchanged list skips the per-option comparison. A
+    // focused picker is not rebuilt under the user; blur re-renders it.
+    const picking = document.activeElement === this._cctvSelect;
+    // Cameras the view leaves out get one closing line, so a short list
+    // does not read as the whole catalog. A disabled layer has no view.
+    const outside = enabled ? Math.max(0, catalogCount - cameras.length) : 0;
     const shouldRebuild =
-      this._cctvSelect.options.length !== cameras.length ||
-      cameras.some(
-        (cam, idx) => this._cctvSelect.options[idx]?.value !== cam.id,
-      );
+      !picking &&
+      (this._cctvSelectSource !== cameras ||
+        this._cctvSelectOutside !== outside) &&
+      (this._cctvSelectOutside !== outside ||
+        this._cctvSelect.options.length !==
+          cameras.length + (outside ? 1 : 0) ||
+        cameras.some(
+          (cam, idx) => this._cctvSelect.options[idx]?.value !== cam.id,
+        ));
+    if (!picking) {
+      this._cctvSelectSource = cameras;
+      this._cctvSelectOutside = outside;
+    }
     if (shouldRebuild) {
-      this._cctvSelect.innerHTML = '';
+      const options = document.createDocumentFragment();
       for (const camera of cameras) {
         const option = document.createElement('option');
         option.value = camera.id;
         option.textContent = `${camera.city} · ${camera.name}`;
-        this._cctvSelect.appendChild(option);
+        options.appendChild(option);
       }
+      if (outside) {
+        const note = document.createElement('option');
+        note.value = '';
+        note.disabled = true;
+        note.dataset.cctvOutside = '';
+        note.textContent = outsideNoteText(outside);
+        options.appendChild(note);
+      }
+      this._cctvSelect.replaceChildren(options);
     }
     this._cctvSelect.disabled = !enabled || cameras.length === 0;
+    // A deferred rebuild can miss a camera activated meanwhile (auto-hop,
+    // voice); add it so the picker does not go blank.
     if (
+      picking &&
       activeId &&
-      Array.from(this._cctvSelect.options).some((opt) => opt.value === activeId)
+      activeCamera &&
+      ![...this._cctvSelect.options].some((option) => option.value === activeId)
     ) {
+      const option = document.createElement('option');
+      option.value = activeId;
+      option.textContent = `${activeCamera.city} · ${activeCamera.name}`;
+      this._cctvSelect.prepend(option);
+      // The added camera is one fewer outside the view.
+      const note = [...this._cctvSelect.options].find(
+        (entry) => entry.dataset?.cctvOutside !== undefined,
+      );
+      if (note) {
+        const left = Math.max(
+          0,
+          catalogCount - (this._cctvSelect.options.length - 1),
+        );
+        if (left) note.textContent = outsideNoteText(left);
+        else note.remove();
+      }
+    }
+    // The active camera is always one of the listed records.
+    if (activeId && activeCamera) {
       this._cctvSelect.value = activeId;
     } else if (!activeId) {
-      this._cctvSelect.selectedIndex = -1;
+      // With nothing in view, the closed picker says where the cameras are.
+      // A focused picker keeps its old options, so it only clears.
+      this._cctvSelect.selectedIndex =
+        !picking && cameras.length === 0 && outside ? 0 : -1;
     }
   }
 
@@ -90,10 +156,10 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
     this._cctvNextBtn,
   ]) {
     if (!btn) continue;
-    btn.disabled = !enabled || cameras.length === 0;
+    btn.disabled = !enabled || catalogCount === 0;
   }
   if (this._cctvFocusBtn) {
-    this._cctvFocusBtn.disabled = !enabled || cameras.length === 0 || !activeId;
+    this._cctvFocusBtn.disabled = !enabled || catalogCount === 0 || !activeId;
   }
 
   if (this._cctvCoverageBtn) {
@@ -180,15 +246,15 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
           status: `${credit}${statusMsg}`,
         },
       );
-    } else if (cameras.length > 0) {
+    } else if (catalogCount > 0) {
       this._cctvMeta.textContent = enabled
         ? tn(
-            cameras.length,
+            catalogCount,
             '{count} camera loaded · click a camera to activate',
             '{count} cameras loaded · click a camera to activate',
           )
         : tn(
-            cameras.length,
+            catalogCount,
             '{count} camera loaded · enable CCTV to activate',
             '{count} cameras loaded · enable CCTV to activate',
           );

src/ui/cockpitContext.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /** Contact readouts and nearby-signal presentation for the Cockpit controller. */
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
-import { formatNumber, getLocale, t, tn } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import { formatNumber, t, tn } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { unitLabel } from './unitLabels.js';
 import {
   bearingBetweenCoordinates,
@@ -8,14 +8,17 @@ import {
   relativeBearing,
   resolveCockpitContextReadout,
 } from '../cockpitMath.js';
-import { formatCockpitDistance } from './cockpitPresentation.js';
+import {
+  cockpitUnitCase,
+  formatCockpitDistance,
+} from './cockpitPresentation.js';
 
 /** The Context scope line in the active language (see cockpitMath.js). */
 const LOCALIZED_CONTEXT_SCOPE = Object.freeze({
   window: ({ label, radiusKm }) =>
     t('{label} · {radius} AIR/SEA WINDOW', {
       label,
-      radius: `${radiusKm === null ? '—' : formatNumber(radiusKm)}\u00a0${getLocale().startsWith('zh-') ? unitLabel('km') : unitLabel('km').toUpperCase()}`,
+      radius: `${radiusKm === null ? '—' : formatNumber(radiusKm)}\u00a0${cockpitUnitCase(unitLabel('km'))}`,
     }),
   installations: ({ scope, coverage }) =>
     t('{scope} · INSTALLATIONS {coverage}', { scope, coverage }),

src/ui/cockpitInput.js

@@ -8,12 +8,6 @@ export function onKeyDown(event) {
     // focus. Its target handler closes the overlay and restores attribution
     // focus; Cockpit must stay active behind it.
     if (event.target?.closest?.('.cesium-credit-lightbox')) return;
-    if (
-      document
-        .getElementById('context-radio-dock')
-        ?.classList.contains('disclosure-open')
-    )
-      return;
     if (
       document.querySelector('#cockpit-utility-controls [aria-expanded="true"]')
     )

src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js

@@ -268,7 +268,6 @@ export function setVisionMode(mode, { revealParameters = false } = {}) {
     thermal: t('FLIR'),
     anime: t('ANIME'),
     noir: t('NOIR'),
-    snow: t('SNOW'),
   };
   const names = {
     optical: t('Normal'),
@@ -277,7 +276,6 @@ export function setVisionMode(mode, { revealParameters = false } = {}) {
     thermal: t('Thermal'),
     anime: t('Anime'),
     noir: t('Noir'),
-    snow: t('Snow'),
   };
   if (this.visionCurrent) {
     this.visionCurrent.dataset.cockpitVision = next;

src/ui/cockpitPresentation.js

@@ -149,7 +149,15 @@ export function formatCockpitDistance(distanceM) {
     minimumFractionDigits: digits,
     maximumFractionDigits: digits,
   });
-  return getLocale().startsWith('zh-') ? distance : distance.toUpperCase();
+  return cockpitUnitCase(distance);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Upper-case a cockpit unit the HUD way (`9.5 KM`), except in Chinese and
+ * Japanese, which have no case and keep units as the catalog writes them.
+ */
+export function cockpitUnitCase(text) {
+  return /^(zh|ja)(-|$)/.test(getLocale()) ? text : text.toUpperCase();
 }
 
 export function formatCockpitWindDirection(value) {

src/ui/cyberPanelDisclosure.test.mjs

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ test('opening already-expanded Radio reveals Context and closes Display', () =>
 });
 
 test('non-Cyber explicit panels and restored preferences retain their existing policy', () => {
-  for (const theme of ['tactical', 'operator', 'minimal', 'cyber']) {
+  for (const theme of ['tactical', 'minimal', 'cyber']) {
     const f = fixture(theme), prior = globalThis.document;
     globalThis.document = f.doc;
     try {

src/ui/cyberSonarControls.test.mjs

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ test('rejects the whole invalid request before any mutation', () => {
 });
 
 test('requires Cyber and preserves off state and every omitted setting', () => {
-  for (const theme of ['tactical', 'operator', 'minimal']) {
+  for (const theme of ['tactical', 'minimal']) {
     const f = fixture(theme);
     assert.equal(setCyberSonarControls(f.owner, { enabled: true }, f.doc).ok, false);
     assert.deepEqual(f.calls, []);

src/ui/cyberTheme.test.mjs

@@ -54,8 +54,9 @@ function styleOwner(t, initialVariant = 'cyber') {
   const hud = {
     getVariant: () => variant,
     setVariant: (value) => {
-      variant = value;
-      applyHudUiTheme(root, value);
+      // Normalize like the real HUD so retired layouts fall back.
+      variant = normalizeHudLayout(value);
+      applyHudUiTheme(root, variant);
     },
     setMode: (value) => calls.push(['mode', value]),
     onStyleChange: (value) => calls.push(['style', value]),
@@ -105,7 +106,6 @@ test('visual styles retain Cyber through real preset application without droppin
     'normal',
     'noir',
     'anime',
-    'snow',
     'thermal',
     'retro',
   ]) {
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ test('visual styles retain Cyber through real preset application without droppin
 
 test('non-Cyber style presets and explicit HUD choices remain authoritative', (t) => {
   const { owner, hud, root } = styleOwner(t);
-  for (const variant of ['tactical', 'operator', 'minimal']) {
+  for (const variant of ['tactical', 'minimal']) {
     owner._setHudVariant(variant);
     assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), variant);
     assert.equal(root.dataset.uiTheme, undefined);
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ test('leaving Cyber without a preset choice restores the prior visual preset', (
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, 'noir');
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, false);
 
-  owner._setHudVariant('operator', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
-  assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'operator');
+  owner._setHudVariant('minimal', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
+  assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'minimal');
   assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'noir');
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, null);
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, false);
@@ -162,26 +162,26 @@ test('a preset explicitly selected in Cyber survives exit and resets for re-entr
   owner.setStyle('noir');
 
   owner._setHudVariant('cyber', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
-  owner.setStyle('snow', { userInitiated: true });
-  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
+  owner.setStyle('anime', { userInitiated: true });
+  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, 'noir');
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, true);
 
   // Reselecting the active mode must not erase the user's preset intent.
   owner._setHudVariant('cyber', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, 'noir');
-  owner._setHudVariant('operator', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
-  assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'operator');
-  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
+  owner._setHudVariant('minimal', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
+  assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'minimal');
+  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, null);
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, false);
 
   // A later untouched Cyber round trip restores the new pre-Cyber preset.
   owner._setHudVariant('cyber', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
   assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'thermal');
-  assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, 'snow');
+  assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, 'anime');
   owner._setHudVariant('minimal', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
-  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
+  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
 });
 
 test('an explicit same-value FLIR choice is preserved on Cyber exit', (t) => {
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ test('an explicit same-value FLIR choice is preserved on Cyber exit', (t) => {
   owner.setStyle('thermal', { userInitiated: true });
   assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'thermal');
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, true);
-  owner._setHudVariant('operator', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
+  owner._setHudVariant('minimal', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
   assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'thermal');
 });
 
@@ -200,15 +200,15 @@ test('an authoritative same-Cyber reset clears local preset ownership', (t) => {
   const { owner } = styleOwner(t, 'tactical');
   owner.setStyle('noir');
   owner._setHudVariant('cyber', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
-  owner.setStyle('snow', { userInitiated: true });
+  owner.setStyle('anime', { userInitiated: true });
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, true);
 
   owner._setHudVariant('cyber');
-  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
+  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, null);
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, false);
-  owner._setHudVariant('operator', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
-  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
+  owner._setHudVariant('minimal', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
+  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
 });
 
 test('Display and voice HUD routes preserve explicit Cyber entry and exit authority', async (t) => {
@@ -226,10 +226,10 @@ test('Display and voice HUD routes preserve explicit Cyber entry and exit author
   const display = makeOwner();
   const hudLayout = new EventTarget();
   hudLayout.value = 'cyber';
-  const snowButton = new EventTarget();
-  snowButton.dataset = { style: 'snow' };
+  const animeButton = new EventTarget();
+  animeButton.dataset = { style: 'anime' };
   const controls = bindDisplayControls({
-    elements: { hudLayout, styleButtons: [snowButton] },
+    elements: { hudLayout, styleButtons: [animeButton] },
     actions: {
       setHudLayout: (value) => display.owner.setHudLayout(value),
       setStyle: (value) =>
@@ -239,12 +239,12 @@ test('Display and voice HUD routes preserve explicit Cyber entry and exit author
   hudLayout.dispatchEvent(new Event('change'));
   assert.equal(display.hud.getVariant(), 'cyber');
   assert.equal(display.owner.activeStyle, 'thermal');
-  snowButton.dispatchEvent(new Event('click'));
-  assert.equal(display.owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
-  hudLayout.value = 'operator';
+  animeButton.dispatchEvent(new Event('click'));
+  assert.equal(display.owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
+  hudLayout.value = 'minimal';
   hudLayout.dispatchEvent(new Event('change'));
-  assert.equal(display.hud.getVariant(), 'operator');
-  assert.equal(display.owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
+  assert.equal(display.hud.getVariant(), 'minimal');
+  assert.equal(display.owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
   controls.destroy();
 
   const voice = makeOwner();
@@ -263,13 +263,13 @@ test('Display and voice HUD routes preserve explicit Cyber entry and exit author
   assert.equal(entered.ok, true);
   assert.equal(voice.hud.getVariant(), 'cyber');
   assert.equal(voice.owner.activeStyle, 'thermal');
-  const selected = await runVoiceAction('set_visual_style', { style: 'snow' });
+  const selected = await runVoiceAction('set_visual_style', { style: 'anime' });
   assert.equal(selected.ok, true);
-  assert.equal(voice.owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
-  const exited = await runVoiceAction('set_hud', { layout: 'operator' });
+  assert.equal(voice.owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
+  const exited = await runVoiceAction('set_hud', { layout: 'minimal' });
   assert.equal(exited.ok, true);
-  assert.equal(voice.hud.getVariant(), 'operator');
-  assert.equal(voice.owner.activeStyle, 'snow');
+  assert.equal(voice.hud.getVariant(), 'minimal');
+  assert.equal(voice.owner.activeStyle, 'anime');
 });
 
 test('scope choice and expanded feather survive every HUD layout and both restore paths', async (t) => {
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ test('scope choice and expanded feather survive every HUD layout and both restor
   assert.equal(owner._scopeBtn.checked, false);
   assert.equal(owner._scopeFeatherSlider.disabled, true);
   assert.equal(owner._scopeFeatherSlider.value, '200');
-  for (const layout of ['minimal', 'operator', 'cyber', 'tactical']) {
+  for (const layout of ['minimal', 'cyber', 'tactical']) {
     owner._setHudVariant(layout, { applyVisualDefaults: true });
     assert.equal(isScopeMaskEnabled(), false, layout);
     assert.equal(getScopeMaskFeather(), 2, layout);
@@ -301,11 +301,18 @@ test('scope choice and expanded feather survive every HUD layout and both restor
   assert.equal(owner._scopeFeatherSlider.value, '200');
 });
 
+test('a scene shot saved with the retired Snow style plays on Normal', async (t) => {
+  const { owner } = styleOwner(t, 'tactical');
+  owner.setStyle('noir');
+  await owner.applyVisualState({ style: 'snow' });
+  assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'normal');
+});
+
 test('scene and share HUD transitions do not restore a local pre-Cyber preset', async (t) => {
   const { owner, hud } = styleOwner(t, 'tactical');
   owner.setStyle('noir');
   owner._setHudVariant('cyber', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
-  owner.setStyle('snow', { userInitiated: true });
+  owner.setStyle('anime', { userInitiated: true });
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, true);
 
   await owner.applyVisualState({ style: 'retro', hud: { variant: 'cyber' } });
@@ -313,13 +320,13 @@ test('scene and share HUD transitions do not restore a local pre-Cyber preset',
   assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'retro');
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, null);
   assert.equal(owner._cyberStyleUserSelected, false);
-  owner._setHudVariant('operator', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
+  owner._setHudVariant('minimal', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
   assert.equal(owner.activeStyle, 'retro');
 
   owner.setStyle('surveillance');
   owner._setHudVariant('cyber', { applyVisualDefaults: true });
   assert.equal(owner._preCyberStyle, 'surveillance');
-  owner.setStyle('snow', { userInitiated: true });
+  owner.setStyle('anime', { userInitiated: true });
   await owner.restoreShareState({
     style: 'thermal',
     hudVariant: 'cyber',
@@ -342,7 +349,8 @@ test('scene and share restoration override Cyber and preserve restored Cyber par
     style: 'surveillance',
     hudVariant: 'operator',
   });
-  assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'operator');
+  // A link saved with the retired Operator layout restores as Tactical.
+  assert.equal(hud.getVariant(), 'tactical');
   await owner.restoreShareState({
     style: 'thermal',
     hudVariant: 'cyber',
@@ -564,8 +572,9 @@ test('Cyber side panels share one width and one framed surface material', () =>
 });
 
 test('Cyber is a canonical HUD layout with a safe Tactical fallback', () => {
-  assert.deepEqual(HUD_LAYOUTS, ['tactical', 'operator', 'minimal', 'cyber']);
+  assert.deepEqual(HUD_LAYOUTS, ['tactical', 'minimal', 'cyber']);
   assert.equal(normalizeHudLayout('CYBER'), 'cyber');
+  assert.equal(normalizeHudLayout('operator'), 'tactical');
   assert.equal(normalizeHudLayout('unknown'), 'tactical');
 });
 
@@ -597,7 +606,7 @@ test('an explicit transition into Cyber selects FLIR with Ironbow 0.42 once', ()
   );
   assert.equal(cyberVisualDefaultsForHudTransition('tactical', 'cyber'), null);
   assert.equal(
-    cyberVisualDefaultsForHudTransition('cyber', 'operator', {
+    cyberVisualDefaultsForHudTransition('cyber', 'minimal', {
       explicit: true,
     }),
     null,
@@ -714,10 +723,7 @@ test('the Display selector, voice schema and final stylesheet expose Cyber', ()
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /\.hud-top-left/);
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /transparent 0 min\(40vw, 52vh\)/);
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /\.hud-bottom-bar \{\s*display: none;/);
-  assert.match(
-    cyberStyles,
-    /#intel-hud\[data-variant='cyber'\] \.hud-top-bar \{\s*display: none;/,
-  );
+  assert.doesNotMatch(cyberStyles, /\.hud-top-bar/);
   // Cyber shares the measured rail/credit keep-out rather than overriding it.
   assert.doesNotMatch(
     cyberStyles,
@@ -762,6 +768,16 @@ test('the Display selector, voice schema and final stylesheet expose Cyber', ()
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /\.panel-collapsible\.collapsed::after/);
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /\.panel-collapsible:not\(\.collapsed\)::after/);
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /\.context-mode-standby:not\(\[hidden\]\)/);
+  // The base standby is borderless plain text, so the focus card must name its
+  // own frame width and centring rather than inherit them.
+  assert.match(
+    cyberStyles,
+    /\.context-mode-standby:not\(\[hidden\]\) \{[^}]*place-content: center;[^}]*border: 1px solid[^}]*text-align: center;/,
+  );
+  assert.match(
+    cyberStyles,
+    /:root\[data-ui-theme='cyber'\] \.global-context-modes \{[^}]*border: 0;/,
+  );
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /mask-image: linear-gradient\(/);
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /flex: 1 1 auto;/);
   assert.match(cyberStyles, /#left-panel-stack:has/);

src/ui/layerPanel.js

@@ -136,9 +136,11 @@ export function layerKeyRequirementTooltip(layer = {}) {
 
 const ROW_TEXT_SEPARATOR = ' · ';
 
-// A short Latin code joined by hyphens. Longer runs (a URL, a token in an
-// error) keep their break opportunities so they cannot overflow the rail.
-const HYPHENATED_CODE = /[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]+)+/g;
+// A short Latin code joined by hyphens: every part after a hyphen is capitals
+// or digits (ADS-B, RTL-SDR, GTFS-RT). A compound such as "ALPR-Kameras" is a
+// word, not a code, and may break at its hyphen. Longer runs (a URL, a token
+// in an error) keep their break opportunities so they cannot overflow the rail.
+const HYPHENATED_CODE = /\b[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Z0-9]+)+(?![A-Za-z0-9])/g;
 const HYPHENATED_CODE_MAX = 16;
 
 /** A span for one run of row text; `keep` stops the browser breaking inside it. */

src/ui/layerPanel.test.mjs

@@ -324,6 +324,15 @@ test('row text keeps a hyphenated code whole and never starts a line with the se
     assert.equal(plain.textContent, 'Satellites');
     assert.equal(plain.children.length, 0);
 
+    const compound = element();
+    setRowText(compound, 'Kartierte ALPR-Kameras · ADS-B-Flüge');
+    assert.equal(text(compound), 'Kartierte ALPR-Kameras · ADS-B-Flüge');
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      kept(compound),
+      [' ·', 'ADS-B'],
+      'a compound may break at its hyphen; the code inside it stays whole',
+    );
+
     const long = element();
     setRowText(long, 'see https-proxy-endpoint-config-x');
     assert.deepEqual(kept(long), [], 'a long hyphenated run may still wrap');

src/ui/localePicker.test.mjs

@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ const MANY = Object.keys(NAMES);
 
 const codes = (rows) => rows.map((row) => row.code);
 
+// Few enough languages that the picker has no search field.
+const UNSEARCHED = ['en', 'es', 'ru', 'uk', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant'];
+
 test('the current language comes first, the rest by their own names', () => {
   assert.deepEqual(
     codes(
@@ -40,7 +43,7 @@ test('the current language comes first, the rest by their own names', () => {
         nativeNames: LOCALE_NAMES,
       }),
     ),
-    ['ru', 'en', 'es', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant'],
+    ['ru', 'uk', 'de', 'en', 'es', 'fr', 'it', 'pt', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant', 'ja'],
   );
   assert.deepEqual(
     codes(
@@ -50,7 +53,7 @@ test('the current language comes first, the rest by their own names', () => {
         nativeNames: LOCALE_NAMES,
       }),
     ),
-    ['es', 'en', 'ru', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant'],
+    ['es', 'de', 'en', 'fr', 'it', 'pt', 'ru', 'uk', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant', 'ja'],
   );
   assert.deepEqual(
     codes(
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ test('the current language comes first, the rest by their own names', () => {
         nativeNames: LOCALE_NAMES,
       }),
     ),
-    ['en', 'es', 'ru', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant'],
+    ['en', 'de', 'es', 'fr', 'it', 'pt', 'ru', 'uk', 'zh-CN', 'zh-Hant', 'ja'],
   );
   const rows = buildLocaleOptions({
     locales: MANY,
@@ -95,6 +98,8 @@ test('each row gets the interface-language name for search, unless it only repea
   const byCode = Object.fromEntries(rows.map((row) => [row.code, row]));
   assert.equal(byCode.en.localName, 'английский');
   assert.equal(byCode.es.localName, 'испанский');
+  assert.equal(byCode.de.localName, 'немецкий');
+  assert.equal(byCode.fr.localName, 'французский');
   assert.equal(byCode.ru.localName, '', 'русский only repeats Русский');
   const english = buildLocaleOptions({
     locales: LOCALES,
@@ -103,6 +108,7 @@ test('each row gets the interface-language name for search, unless it only repea
     localName: createLocalNameReader('en'),
   });
   assert.equal(english.find((row) => row.code === 'es').localName, 'Spanish');
+  assert.equal(english.find((row) => row.code === 'fr').localName, 'French');
 });
 
 test('without Intl.DisplayNames the interface-language name is simply left out', () => {
@@ -165,7 +171,10 @@ test('search folds case and diacritics, and matches either name or the code', ()
 
 test('the search field appears only above the threshold', () => {
   assert.equal(LOCALE_SEARCH_THRESHOLD, 8);
-  assert.equal(createLocalePickerModel({ current: 'en' }).searchable, false);
+  assert.equal(
+    createLocalePickerModel({ current: 'en' }).searchable,
+    LOCALES.length > LOCALE_SEARCH_THRESHOLD,
+  );
   const eight = MANY.slice(0, 8);
   assert.equal(
     createLocalePickerModel({
@@ -250,6 +259,7 @@ test('type-ahead cycles by first letter and refines with more letters', () => {
 
 test('keyboard model: open on the current language, move, choose, close', () => {
   const model = createLocalePickerModel({
+    locales: UNSEARCHED,
     current: 'ru',
     localName: createLocalNameReader('ru'),
   });
@@ -261,7 +271,8 @@ test('keyboard model: open on the current language, move, choose, close', () =>
   model.openList();
   assert.equal(model.activeOption.code, 'ru');
   assert.deepEqual(model.keydown({ key: 'ArrowDown' }), { handled: true });
-  assert.equal(model.activeOption.code, 'en');
+  // Russian collation puts the other Cyrillic name next.
+  assert.equal(model.activeOption.code, 'uk');
   model.keydown({ key: 'End' });
   assert.equal(model.activeOption.code, 'zh-Hant');
   model.keydown({ key: 'Home' });
@@ -275,7 +286,7 @@ test('keyboard model: open on the current language, move, choose, close', () =>
   model.keydown({ key: 'ArrowDown' });
   assert.deepEqual(model.keydown({ key: ' ' }), {
     handled: true,
-    choose: 'en',
+    choose: 'uk',
   });
   assert.deepEqual(model.keydown({ key: 'Escape' }), {
     handled: true,
@@ -292,7 +303,11 @@ test('keyboard model: open on the current language, move, choose, close', () =>
 
 test('keyboard model: type-ahead resets after a pause and ignores shortcuts', () => {
   let clock = 0;
-  const model = createLocalePickerModel({ current: 'en', now: () => clock });
+  const model = createLocalePickerModel({
+    locales: UNSEARCHED,
+    current: 'en',
+    now: () => clock,
+  });
   model.openList();
   assert.deepEqual(model.keydown({ key: 'e' }), { handled: true });
   assert.equal(model.activeOption.code, 'es');