refactor(streetLevel,traffic,transit,firms,installations,radio,bikeshare,cables,detection): take vector maths from src/geo

Street level view/cameraFollow/groundClick/index, traffic footprint/viewport/ingestion, transit viewport/trails/state/rendering, FIRMS state/viewport, installations controls/viewport/state, radio queries/navigation/state, bikeshare viewport, submarine cable overlay and data/detection now use src/geo for Math, Cartesian2/3, Cartographic and WGS84 maths. Cesium stays for Rectangle, Ray, BoundingSphere, HeadingPitchRange, EasingFunction, EllipsoidGeodesic, EllipsoidalOccluder and the Ellipsoids passed into Cesium (pickEllipsoid, occluders). traffic/state.js keeps its Cesium lerp scratch (written per frame by Cesium.Cartesian3.lerp in animation.js; a geo scratch cost +4-7% there) and traffic/timing.js stays on Cesium (a test keeps it source-equivalent to model.parseRoads, outside this batch). street-level-layer, traffic-layer, installations-layer, bikeshare-layer and submarine-cables own the src/geo files.

scripts/package-boundaries.json

@@ -1194,7 +1194,21 @@
       "src/data/bundledJson.js",
       "src/data/retryableLoad.js",
       "src/layers/installations/namedMarkers.js",
-      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js"
+      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js",
+      "src/geo/index.js",
+      "src/geo/math.js",
+      "src/geo/ellipsoid.js",
+      "src/geo/cartographic.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian2.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix4.js",
+      "src/geo/quaternion.js",
+      "src/geo/transforms.js",
+      "src/geo/scaleToGeodeticSurface.js",
+      "src/geo/check.js",
+      "src/geo/debug.js",
+      "src/geo/developerError.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium", "@mapbox/vector-tile", "pbf"]
   },
@@ -1276,7 +1290,21 @@
       "src/sources/militaryTileGeometry.js",
       "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
       "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
-      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js"
+      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js",
+      "src/geo/index.js",
+      "src/geo/math.js",
+      "src/geo/ellipsoid.js",
+      "src/geo/cartographic.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian2.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix4.js",
+      "src/geo/quaternion.js",
+      "src/geo/transforms.js",
+      "src/geo/scaleToGeodeticSurface.js",
+      "src/geo/check.js",
+      "src/geo/debug.js",
+      "src/geo/developerError.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium", "pbf", "@mapbox/vector-tile"]
   },
@@ -1299,7 +1327,21 @@
       "src/layers/bikeshare/testing.js",
       "src/layers/bikeshare/viewport.js",
       "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js"
+      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
+      "src/geo/index.js",
+      "src/geo/math.js",
+      "src/geo/ellipsoid.js",
+      "src/geo/cartographic.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian2.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix4.js",
+      "src/geo/quaternion.js",
+      "src/geo/transforms.js",
+      "src/geo/scaleToGeodeticSurface.js",
+      "src/geo/check.js",
+      "src/geo/debug.js",
+      "src/geo/developerError.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium"]
   },
@@ -1398,7 +1440,21 @@
       "src/layers/streetLevel/providers/google/viewer.js",
       "src/layers/streetLevel/providers/google/mapsLoader.js",
       "src/layers/streetLevel/providers/mapillary/source.js",
-      "scripts/qa-street-level.mjs"
+      "scripts/qa-street-level.mjs",
+      "src/geo/index.js",
+      "src/geo/math.js",
+      "src/geo/ellipsoid.js",
+      "src/geo/cartographic.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian2.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix4.js",
+      "src/geo/quaternion.js",
+      "src/geo/transforms.js",
+      "src/geo/scaleToGeodeticSurface.js",
+      "src/geo/check.js",
+      "src/geo/debug.js",
+      "src/geo/developerError.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium", "pbf", "@mapbox/vector-tile", "mapillary-js"]
   },
@@ -1500,7 +1556,21 @@
       "src/layers/submarineCables/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/submarineCables/state.js",
       "src/layers/submarineCables/surface.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/geo/index.js",
+      "src/geo/math.js",
+      "src/geo/ellipsoid.js",
+      "src/geo/cartographic.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian2.js",
+      "src/geo/cartesian3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix3.js",
+      "src/geo/matrix4.js",
+      "src/geo/quaternion.js",
+      "src/geo/transforms.js",
+      "src/geo/scaleToGeodeticSurface.js",
+      "src/geo/check.js",
+      "src/geo/debug.js",
+      "src/geo/developerError.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium"]
   },

src/data/detection.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { paintTransitBracket } from './detectionDraw.js';
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../geo/index.js';
 import { governorRequestRender } from '../renderGovernor.js';
 import {
   DETECTION_ENABLE_FADE_MS,
@@ -1391,7 +1391,7 @@ function _drawOverlay(frame) {
     let halfH;
     if (obj.type === 'AIR') {
       const bscale = nearFarScale(
-        Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(camPos, obj.position),
+        geo.cartesian3.distance(camPos, obj.position),
         BILL_NEAR,
         BILL_NEAR_SCALE,
         BILL_FAR,

src/layers/bikeshare/viewport.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { GBFS_CITY_REGISTRY } from './registry.js';
 import {
   ACTIVATION_EXIT_ALTITUDE_M,
@@ -37,8 +38,8 @@ export function createViewport({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     if (rect) {
       const center = Cesium.Rectangle.center(rect);
       return {
-        lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(center.latitude),
+        lat: geo.math.toDegrees(center.latitude),
-        lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(center.longitude),
+        lon: geo.math.toDegrees(center.longitude),
       };
     }
 
@@ -46,8 +47,8 @@ export function createViewport({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     const carto = viewer?.camera?.positionCartographic;
     if (carto) {
       return {
-        lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+        lat: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
-        lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+        lon: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
       };
     }
 

src/layers/firms/state.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 
 export function createFirmsState({ services, config }) {
   const layerState = {};
@@ -9,11 +10,11 @@ export function createFirmsState({ services, config }) {
 
   layerState.scratchViewRect = new Cesium.Rectangle();
 
-  layerState.scratchCenterA = new Cesium.Cartographic();
+  layerState.scratchCenterA = geo.cartographic.create();
 
-  layerState.scratchCenterB = new Cesium.Cartographic();
+  layerState.scratchCenterB = geo.cartographic.create();
 
-  layerState.scratchWindowCoord = new Cesium.Cartesian2();
+  layerState.scratchWindowCoord = geo.cartesian2.create();
 
   layerState._viewer = null;
 
@@ -107,9 +108,9 @@ export function createFirmsState({ services, config }) {
 
   layerState._camSnapValid = false;
 
-  layerState._camPos = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  layerState._camPos = geo.cartesian3.create();
 
-  layerState._camDir = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  layerState._camDir = geo.cartesian3.create();
   layerState.request = null;
   return layerState;
 }

src/layers/firms/viewport.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   LOD_LEVELS,
   LOD_HYSTERESIS,
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ export function createViewport({
     const center = Cesium.Rectangle.center(viewRect, layerState.scratchCenterB);
     const latShift = Math.abs(center.latitude - lastCenter.latitude);
     let lonShift = Math.abs(center.longitude - lastCenter.longitude);
-    if (lonShift > Math.PI) lonShift = Cesium.Math.TWO_PI - lonShift;
+    if (lonShift > Math.PI) lonShift = geo.math.TWO_PI - lonShift;
     return (
       latShift > lastHeight * VIEW_PADDING * 0.6 ||
       lonShift > lastWidth * VIEW_PADDING * 0.6
@@ -159,13 +160,13 @@ export function createViewport({
         const camera = layerState._viewer.camera;
         if (
           layerState._camSnapValid &&
-          Cesium.Cartesian3.equalsEpsilon(
+          geo.cartesian3.equalsEpsilon(
             camera.positionWC,
             layerState._camPos,
             0,
             0.5,
           ) &&
-          Cesium.Cartesian3.equalsEpsilon(
+          geo.cartesian3.equalsEpsilon(
             camera.directionWC,
             layerState._camDir,
             0,
@@ -174,8 +175,8 @@ export function createViewport({
         ) {
           return;
         }
-        Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(camera.positionWC, layerState._camPos);
+        geo.cartesian3.clone(camera.positionWC, layerState._camPos);
-        Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(camera.directionWC, layerState._camDir);
+        geo.cartesian3.clone(camera.directionWC, layerState._camDir);
         layerState._camSnapValid = true;
         // The camera moved, so the horizon moved. A rebuild culls its own fresh
         // sprites (renderDetections); an early-out — same LOD band and view

src/layers/installations/controls.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { installationFeedback } from '../../data/installationFeedback.js';
 import {
   LAYER_ID,
@@ -51,17 +52,17 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         )
           next = { latitude: position.latitude, longitude: position.longitude };
         else {
-          const carto = Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
+          const carto = geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
           if (carto)
             next = {
-              latitude: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+              latitude: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
-              longitude: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+              longitude: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
             };
         }
       }
       // Keep the live centre even when the coarse fetch anchor has not moved.
       layerState.contextPosition = next
-        ? Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(next.longitude, next.latitude)
+        ? geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(next.longitude, next.latitude)
         : null;
       const previous = layerState.contextAnchor;
       if (!next) {
@@ -73,8 +74,8 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       if (
         previous &&
         parts.model.approximateSurfaceDistanceM(
-          Cesium.Math.toRadians(previous.latitude),
+          geo.math.toRadians(previous.latitude),
-          Cesium.Math.toRadians(previous.longitude),
+          geo.math.toRadians(previous.longitude),
           next.latitude,
           next.longitude,
         ) < ANCHOR_REFRESH_M
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     getNearby(center, rangeM, maxCount = 50) {
       if (!center) return [];
       const range = Number.isFinite(rangeM) ? rangeM : Infinity;
-      const centerCartographic = Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(center);
+      const centerCartographic = geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(center);
       if (!centerCartographic) return [];
       const nearby = [];
       const approximateLimit = Number.isFinite(range)
@@ -107,10 +108,10 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
           continue;
         // The awareness disk is projected onto the ground. Confirm candidates
         // with an exact ellipsoidal surface distance and reusable scratch state.
-        layerState.distanceEndpointScratch.longitude = Cesium.Math.toRadians(
+        layerState.distanceEndpointScratch.longitude = geo.math.toRadians(
           record.longitude,
         );
-        layerState.distanceEndpointScratch.latitude = Cesium.Math.toRadians(
+        layerState.distanceEndpointScratch.latitude = geo.math.toRadians(
           record.latitude,
         );
         layerState.distanceEndpointScratch.height = 0;
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         if (!Number.isFinite(distanceM) || distanceM > range) continue;
         nearby.push({
           ...record,
-          position: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+          position: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(
             record.longitude,
             record.latitude,
             parts.rendering.installationSurfaceHeightM(record),
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       if (!parts.selection.selectRecord(record.id)) return false;
       layerState.viewer.camera.flyToBoundingSphere(
         new Cesium.BoundingSphere(
-          Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+          geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(
             record.longitude,
             record.latitude,
             parts.rendering.installationSurfaceHeightM(record),

src/layers/installations/state.js

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 
 export function createState({ services }) {
   const state = {};
 
-  state.distanceEndpointScratch = new Cesium.Cartographic();
+  state.distanceEndpointScratch = geo.cartographic.create();
 
   state.distanceGeodesicScratch = new Cesium.EllipsoidGeodesic();
 

src/layers/installations/viewport.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { REQUEST_DEBOUNCE_MS } from './policy.js';
 import { installationAnchorBox } from './source.js';
 
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ export function createViewport({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       viewer.scene.globe.ellipsoid,
     );
     if (!rectangle) return null;
-    const south = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.south);
+    const south = geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.south);
-    const north = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.north);
+    const north = geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.north);
-    const west = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.west);
+    const west = geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.west);
-    const east = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.east);
+    const east = geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.east);
     // Wide and dateline views use the bundled point index.
     if (
       !Number.isFinite(south + north + west + east) ||

src/layers/radio/navigation.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   HORIZON_CAMERA_MOVE_EPSILON_M,
   GLOBAL_RADIO_ALTITUDE_M,
@@ -178,15 +179,13 @@ export function createNavigation({
       );
     } else {
       const earthRadius = earthDiscScreenRadius(
-        Cesium.Cartesian3.magnitude(camera.positionWC),
+        geo.cartesian3.magnitude(camera.positionWC),
         height,
         camera.frustum?.fovy,
       );
       const facingEarthCenter =
-        Cesium.Cartesian3.dot(
+        geo.cartesian3.dot(camera.directionWC, layerState._radioEarthToCenter) >
-          camera.directionWC,
+        0;
-          layerState._radioEarthToCenter,
-        ) > 0;
       if (!earthRadius || facingEarthCenter) return null;
       const keyhole = getKeyholeGeometry(width, height);
       fullGlobeCapable =
@@ -198,7 +197,7 @@ export function createNavigation({
     );
     if (recenterHeight == null) return null;
     return {
-      destination: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromRadians(
+      destination: geo.cartesian3.fromRadians(
         cartographic.longitude,
         cartographic.latitude,
         recenterHeight,
@@ -207,7 +206,7 @@ export function createNavigation({
         ...radioCameraState(camera),
         height: recenterHeight,
         heading: 0,
-        pitch: -Cesium.Math.PI_OVER_TWO,
+        pitch: -geo.math.PI_OVER_TWO,
         roll: 0,
       },
     };
@@ -280,7 +279,7 @@ export function createNavigation({
     return startRadioCameraFlight(
       navigation,
       {
-        destination: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+        destination: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(
           plan.lon,
           plan.lat,
           plan.height,
@@ -364,11 +363,7 @@ export function createNavigation({
       return false;
     cancelActiveRadioCameraFlight();
     layerState._viewer.camera.flyTo({
-      destination: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+      destination: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(station.lon, station.lat, 85_000),
-        station.lon,
-        station.lat,
-        85_000,
-      ),
       duration: 1.1,
     });
     return true;

src/layers/radio/queries.js

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { normalizeRadioCountryInput } from '../../data/radioCountry.js';
 
 export function createQueries({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
   function radioAngularDistance(station, anchor) {
-    const lat1 = Cesium.Math.toRadians(Number(anchor?.lat));
+    const lat1 = geo.math.toRadians(Number(anchor?.lat));
-    const lon1 = Cesium.Math.toRadians(Number(anchor?.lon));
+    const lon1 = geo.math.toRadians(Number(anchor?.lon));
-    const lat2 = Cesium.Math.toRadians(Number(station?.lat));
+    const lat2 = geo.math.toRadians(Number(station?.lat));
-    const lon2 = Cesium.Math.toRadians(Number(station?.lon));
+    const lon2 = geo.math.toRadians(Number(station?.lon));
     if (![lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2].every(Number.isFinite))
       return Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
     const deltaLat = lat2 - lat1;
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ export function createQueries({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     let cartographic = null;
     const canvas = scene?.canvas;
     if (canvas && typeof camera.pickEllipsoid === 'function') {
-      const center = new Cesium.Cartesian2(
+      const center = geo.cartesian2.create(
         canvas.clientWidth / 2,
         canvas.clientHeight / 2,
       );
@@ -121,13 +122,13 @@ export function createQueries({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         center,
         scene.globe?.ellipsoid || Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84,
       );
-      if (position) cartographic = Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
+      if (position) cartographic = geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
     }
     cartographic ||= camera.positionCartographic || null;
     if (!cartographic) return null;
     return {
-      lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(cartographic.latitude),
+      lat: geo.math.toDegrees(cartographic.latitude),
-      lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(cartographic.longitude),
+      lon: geo.math.toDegrees(cartographic.longitude),
       altitudeM,
       globalView: parts.navigation.radioViewIsGlobal(altitudeM),
     };

src/layers/radio/state.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   EMPTY_ACCEPTED_CATALOG_SNAPSHOT,
   DEFAULT_RADIO_FILTER,
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ import {
 export function createState({ services }) {
   const layerState = {};
 
-  layerState._radioEarthScreenCenter = new Cesium.Cartesian2();
+  layerState._radioEarthScreenCenter = geo.cartesian2.create();
 
-  layerState._radioEarthToCenter = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  layerState._radioEarthToCenter = geo.cartesian3.create();
 
   layerState._viewer = null;
 

src/layers/streetLevel/cameraFollow.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { FOLLOW_EYE_HEIGHT_M } from './policy.js';
 
 /** Plausible ellipsoidal land heights: Dead Sea to Everest, with geoid slack. */
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ export function createCameraFollow({ state, parts }) {
    */
   function groundHeightAt(lon, lat, fallback) {
     const scene = state.viewer?.scene;
-    const carto = Cesium.Cartographic.fromDegrees(lon, lat);
+    const carto = geo.cartographic.fromDegrees(lon, lat);
     const caster = parts?.groundCaster;
     const dem = caster?.groundAt(lon, lat) ?? null;
     if (dem === null) caster?.prepare([[lon, lat]]);
@@ -108,14 +109,14 @@ export function createCameraFollow({ state, parts }) {
     if (!follow || !position || !state.viewer) return;
     const ground = groundHeightAt(position.lon, position.lat, altitude);
     state.viewer.camera.setView({
-      destination: Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+      destination: geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(
         position.lon,
         position.lat,
         ground + FOLLOW_EYE_HEIGHT_M,
       ),
       orientation: {
-        heading: Cesium.Math.toRadians(bearing || 0),
+        heading: geo.math.toRadians(bearing || 0),
-        pitch: Cesium.Math.toRadians(Number.isFinite(tilt) ? tilt : 0),
+        pitch: geo.math.toRadians(Number.isFinite(tilt) ? tilt : 0),
         roll: 0,
       },
     });
@@ -148,13 +149,13 @@ export function createCameraFollow({ state, parts }) {
       };
       state.viewer.camera.flyToBoundingSphere(
         new Cesium.BoundingSphere(
-          Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(position.lon, position.lat, ground + 2),
+          geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(position.lon, position.lat, ground + 2),
           4,
         ),
         {
           offset: new Cesium.HeadingPitchRange(
-            Cesium.Math.toRadians(bearing || 0),
+            geo.math.toRadians(bearing || 0),
-            Cesium.Math.toRadians(-32),
+            geo.math.toRadians(-32),
             140,
           ),
           duration: 1.6,

src/layers/streetLevel/groundClick.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { GROUND_CLICK_MAX_HEIGHT_M } from './policy.js';
 import { cameraHeightAboveGround } from './view.js';
 
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ export function createGroundClick({
       .map((entry) => entry.def.id);
     if (!providerIds.length) return false;
     const position = scenePick.pickGroundPosition(state.viewer, screenPosition);
-    const carto = position && Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
+    const carto = position && geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
     if (!carto) return false;
     return openNearest(
       {
-        lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+        lon: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
-        lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+        lat: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
       },
       { providerIds, frame: false },
     );

src/layers/streetLevel/index.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { createState } from './state.js';
 import { createMarker } from './marker.js';
 import { createCameraFollow } from './cameraFollow.js';
@@ -304,11 +304,11 @@ export function createStreetLevelLayer({
       x: canvas.clientWidth / 2,
       y: canvas.clientHeight / 2,
     });
-    const carto = position && Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
+    const carto = position && geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(position);
     return carto
       ? {
-          lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+          lon: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
-          lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+          lat: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
         }
       : null;
   }

src/layers/streetLevel/view.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { wrapLon } from './tileMath.js';
 
 /** Equirectangular metres between {lon, lat} points, the short way round ±180°; street scale. */
@@ -33,8 +34,8 @@ export function groundUnderCamera(viewer, { groundAt } = {}) {
   let ground = globe?.show === false ? null : globe?.getHeight?.(carto);
   if (!Number.isFinite(ground))
     ground = groundAt?.(
-      Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+      geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
-      Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+      geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
     );
   return Number.isFinite(ground) ? ground : null;
 }
@@ -68,10 +69,10 @@ function groundHit(camera, point, ellipsoid, maxRange) {
   if (
     Number.isFinite(maxRange) &&
     camera.positionWC &&
-    Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(cartesian, camera.positionWC) > maxRange
+    geo.cartesian3.distance(cartesian, camera.positionWC) > maxRange
   )
     return null;
-  return Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(cartesian, ellipsoid) || null;
+  return geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(cartesian, ellipsoid) || null;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ export function visibleBbox(
       scene.globe?.ellipsoid || Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84,
       groundHeight,
     );
-    const point = new Cesium.Cartesian2();
+    const point = geo.cartesian2.create();
     for (let i = 0; i <= grid; i++) {
       for (let j = 0; j <= grid; j++) {
         point.x = (width * i) / grid;
@@ -112,8 +113,8 @@ export function visibleBbox(
   if (Number.isFinite(nearRange) && nearRange > 0 && nadir) {
     const dLat = nearRange / 111_320;
     const dLon = dLat / Math.max(0.05, Math.cos(nadir.latitude));
-    const lat = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(nadir.latitude);
+    const lat = geo.math.toDegrees(nadir.latitude);
-    const lon = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(nadir.longitude);
+    const lon = geo.math.toDegrees(nadir.longitude);
     for (const [dx, dy] of [
       [-1, -1],
       [-1, 1],
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ export function visibleBbox(
       [1, 1],
     ])
       hits.push(
-        Cesium.Cartographic.fromDegrees(
+        geo.cartographic.fromDegrees(
           lon + dx * dLon,
           Math.max(-85, Math.min(85, lat + dy * dLat)),
         ),
@@ -133,8 +134,8 @@ export function visibleBbox(
     let east = -Infinity;
     let north = -Infinity;
     for (const carto of hits) {
-      const lon = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude);
+      const lon = geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude);
-      const lat = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude);
+      const lat = geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude);
       west = Math.min(west, lon);
       east = Math.max(east, lon);
       south = Math.min(south, lat);
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ export function visibleBbox(
       let west360 = Infinity;
       let east360 = -Infinity;
       for (const carto of hits) {
-        const lon = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude);
+        const lon = geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude);
         const shifted = lon < 0 ? lon + 360 : lon;
         west360 = Math.min(west360, shifted);
         east360 = Math.max(east360, shifted);
@@ -162,10 +163,10 @@ export function visibleBbox(
   const rectangle = camera.computeViewRectangle?.(scene.globe?.ellipsoid);
   if (!rectangle) return null;
   return [
-    Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.west),
+    geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.west),
-    Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.south),
+    geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.south),
-    Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.east),
+    geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.east),
-    Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rectangle.north),
+    geo.math.toDegrees(rectangle.north),
   ];
 }
 
@@ -183,8 +184,8 @@ export function viewCentre(viewer) {
   const carto = viewer.camera?.positionCartographic;
   if (!carto) return null;
   return {
-    lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+    lat: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
-    lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+    lon: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
   };
 }
 
@@ -200,8 +201,8 @@ export function viewFocus(
   const carto = camera?.positionCartographic;
   if (!carto) return null;
   const nadir = {
-    lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+    lon: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
-    lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+    lat: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
   };
   const canvas = viewer.scene?.canvas;
   const width = canvas?.clientWidth || canvas?.width || 0;
@@ -210,7 +211,7 @@ export function viewFocus(
   if (width > 0 && height > 0) {
     const hit = groundHit(
       camera,
-      new Cesium.Cartesian2(width / 2, height / 2),
+      geo.cartesian2.create(width / 2, height / 2),
       raisedEllipsoid(
         viewer.scene?.globe?.ellipsoid || Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84,
         groundHeight,
@@ -219,8 +220,8 @@ export function viewFocus(
     );
     if (hit)
       ahead = {
-        lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(hit.longitude),
+        lon: geo.math.toDegrees(hit.longitude),
-        lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(hit.latitude),
+        lat: geo.math.toDegrees(hit.latitude),
       };
   }
   return { nadir, ahead };
@@ -232,9 +233,9 @@ export function viewFocus(
  */
 export const HORIZON_CULL_DEPTH_M = 1000;
 const HORIZON_CULL_ELLIPSOID = new Cesium.Ellipsoid(
-  Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84.radii.x - HORIZON_CULL_DEPTH_M,
+  geo.ellipsoid.WGS84.radii.x - HORIZON_CULL_DEPTH_M,
-  Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84.radii.y - HORIZON_CULL_DEPTH_M,
+  geo.ellipsoid.WGS84.radii.y - HORIZON_CULL_DEPTH_M,
-  Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84.radii.z - HORIZON_CULL_DEPTH_M,
+  geo.ellipsoid.WGS84.radii.z - HORIZON_CULL_DEPTH_M,
 );
 
 /**
@@ -267,13 +268,13 @@ export function createHorizonCull({ getViewer, items, onChange }) {
 
   /** Cull everything from the camera at `position`; the count seen. */
   function cullAll(position) {
-    from = Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(position, from);
+    from = geo.cartesian3.clone(position, from);
     return cull(items(), position);
   }
 
   function onPreRender() {
     const position = getViewer()?.camera?.positionWC;
-    if (!position || (from && Cesium.Cartesian3.equals(from, position))) return;
+    if (!position || (from && geo.cartesian3.equals(from, position))) return;
     if (!cullAll(position)) stop();
   }
 

src/layers/submarineCables/overlay.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   CABLE_REFERENCE_LABEL_WINNER_CAP,
   CABLE_REFERENCE_LABEL_MAX_DISTANCE_M,
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ export function createCableReferenceSweepGate({
   const motionEpsilonSq = motionEpsilonM ** 2;
   // Preallocated: the probe clones into it, so a moving camera allocates
   // nothing per frame.
-  const lastSweptPosition = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  const lastSweptPosition = geo.cartesian3.create();
   let hasSweptPosition = false;
   let dirty = true;
   let lastProbeAt = -Infinity;
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ export function createCableReferenceSweepGate({
     lastProbeAt = time;
     const position = camera?.positionWC;
     hasSweptPosition = Boolean(position);
-    if (position) Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(position, lastSweptPosition);
+    if (position) geo.cartesian3.clone(position, lastSweptPosition);
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ export function createCableReferenceSweepGate({
       if (!position) return false;
       if (
         hasSweptPosition &&
-        Cesium.Cartesian3.distanceSquared(position, lastSweptPosition) <=
+        geo.cartesian3.distanceSquared(position, lastSweptPosition) <=
           motionEpsilonSq
       ) {
         return false;
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ export function updateCableReferenceStem(
   canvasHeight,
   fov,
 ) {
-  const distance = Cesium.Cartesian3.distance(cameraPositionWC, record.base);
+  const distance = geo.cartesian3.distance(cameraPositionWC, record.base);
   const effectiveDistance = Math.max(distance, 5000);
   const height = canvasHeight || 1080;
   const fieldOfView = fov || Math.PI / 3;
@@ -275,20 +275,20 @@ export function updateCableReferenceStem(
     700,
     Math.min(85000, effectiveDistance * metersPerPixelFactor * STEM_TARGET_PX),
   );
-  Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+  geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(
     record.reference.lon,
     record.reference.lat,
     tipHeight,
-    Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84,
+    geo.ellipsoid.WGS84,
     record.nextTip,
   );
   if (
-    Cesium.Cartesian3.distanceSquared(record.tip, record.nextTip) <=
+    geo.cartesian3.distanceSquared(record.tip, record.nextTip) <=
     CABLE_STEM_TIP_EPSILON_SQ
   ) {
     return false;
   }
-  Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(record.nextTip, record.tip);
+  geo.cartesian3.clone(record.nextTip, record.tip);
   record.stemPositionBufferIndex = 1 - record.stemPositionBufferIndex;
   const stemPositions =
     record.stemPositionBuffers[record.stemPositionBufferIndex];

src/layers/traffic/footprint.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { tilesForBounds, tileToBBox } from '../../data/tomtomTiles.js';
 
 export const RETICLE_RANGE_KM = 10;
@@ -64,17 +65,17 @@ export function footprintTiles(polygon, zoom, near) {
 
 /** Reusable camera scratch; sampled only on camera events, never in the animation loop. */
 export function createReticleFootprint() {
-  const pixels = Array.from({ length: 25 }, () => new Cesium.Cartesian2());
+  const pixels = Array.from({ length: 25 }, () => geo.cartesian2.create());
-  const hits = Array.from({ length: 25 }, () => new Cesium.Cartesian3());
+  const hits = Array.from({ length: 25 }, () => geo.cartesian3.create());
-  const carto = new Cesium.Cartographic();
+  const carto = geo.cartographic.create();
   const ray = new Cesium.Ray();
   return (viewer, altitude) => {
     const { camera, scene } = viewer;
     if (!camera.getPickRay) return null;
     const nadir = camera.positionCartographic;
     const near = {
-      lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(nadir.latitude),
+      lat: geo.math.toDegrees(nadir.latitude),
-      lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(nadir.longitude),
+      lon: geo.math.toDegrees(nadir.longitude),
     };
     const width = scene.canvas.clientWidth || scene.canvas.width,
       height = scene.canvas.clientHeight || scene.canvas.height;
@@ -91,9 +92,9 @@ export function createReticleFootprint() {
         const hit = camera.pickEllipsoid(p, Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84, hits[i]);
         let dx, dy;
         if (hit) {
-          Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(hit, Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84, carto);
+          geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(hit, geo.ellipsoid.WGS84, carto);
-          dy = (Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude) - near.lat) * 111.195;
+          dy = (geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude) - near.lat) * 111.195;
-          let dlon = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude) - near.lon;
+          let dlon = geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude) - near.lon;
           dlon -= 360 * Math.round(dlon / 360);
           dx = dlon * 111.195 * Math.cos(nadir.latitude);
         } else {

src/layers/traffic/ingestion.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { requestWithDeadline } from '../../sources/requestDeadline.js';
 import { resolveRoadMode, ROAD_SOURCE_LABELS } from './roadModes.js';
 import { phaseTiming } from '../../sources/phaseTiming.js';
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ export function createIngestion({
     const centerLat = (clamped.south + clamped.north) / 2;
     const centerLon = (clamped.west + clamped.east) / 2;
     const scene = layerState._viewer?.scene;
-    const location = Cesium.Cartographic.fromDegrees(centerLon, centerLat);
+    const location = geo.cartographic.fromDegrees(centerLon, centerLat);
     let estimated = services.ground?.cachedGroundFloor?.(centerLat, centerLon);
     if (!Number.isFinite(estimated)) {
       try {

src/layers/traffic/viewport.js

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { createReticleFootprint } from './footprint.js';
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   deriveFetchCenter,
   clampBoundsAroundCenter,
@@ -37,10 +38,10 @@ export function createViewport({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     const rect = layerState._viewer.camera.computeViewRectangle();
     if (!rect) return null;
     return {
-      south: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.south),
+      south: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.south),
-      west: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.west),
+      west: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.west),
-      north: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.north),
+      north: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.north),
-      east: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.east),
+      east: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.east),
     };
   }
 
@@ -61,8 +62,8 @@ export function createViewport({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
   function getFetchCenter() {
     const carto = layerState._viewer.camera.positionCartographic;
     if (!carto) return null;
-    const nadirLat = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude);
+    const nadirLat = geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude);
-    const nadirLon = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude);
+    const nadirLon = geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude);
 
     let hitLat;
     let hitLon;
@@ -71,13 +72,13 @@ export function createViewport({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     const height = canvas.clientHeight || canvas.height;
     if (width > 0 && height > 0) {
       const hit = layerState._viewer.camera.pickEllipsoid(
-        new Cesium.Cartesian2(width / 2, height / 2),
+        geo.cartesian2.create(width / 2, height / 2),
         Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84,
       );
       if (hit) {
-        const hitCarto = Cesium.Cartographic.fromCartesian(hit);
+        const hitCarto = geo.cartographic.fromCartesian(hit);
-        hitLat = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(hitCarto.latitude);
+        hitLat = geo.math.toDegrees(hitCarto.latitude);
-        hitLon = Cesium.Math.toDegrees(hitCarto.longitude);
+        hitLon = geo.math.toDegrees(hitCarto.longitude);
       }
     }
 

src/layers/transit/rendering.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   cameraPoseSignature,
   perspectiveProjectedRotation,
@@ -56,13 +57,7 @@ export function createRendering({ state, services, parts }) {
   function cartesianFor(lat, lon, heightM, out) {
     // `heightM` already carries the shared floor's own lift, so nothing is
     // added here: two lifts stacked is a vehicle hovering.
-    return Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(
+    return geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(lon, lat, heightM || 0, undefined, out);
-      lon,
-      lat,
-      heightM || 0,
-      undefined,
-      out,
-    );
   }
 
   /** Heights are aligned to work with Google 3D tiles. Rebuild both ends. */
@@ -74,13 +69,13 @@ export function createRendering({ state, services, parts }) {
       entry.from.lat,
       entry.from.lon,
       entry.from.h,
-      entry.fromCart || new Cesium.Cartesian3(),
+      entry.fromCart || geo.cartesian3.create(),
     );
     entry.toCart = cartesianFor(
       entry.to.lat,
       entry.to.lon,
       entry.to.h,
-      entry.toCart || new Cesium.Cartesian3(),
+      entry.toCart || geo.cartesian3.create(),
     );
     entry.endpointRevision = entry.sample.revision;
     entry.endpointFromSeq = entry.sample.fromSeq;
@@ -262,7 +257,7 @@ export function createRendering({ state, services, parts }) {
       height: MARKER_PIXEL_SIZE,
       color: MODE_CESIUM_COLORS[entry.mode],
       rotation: 0,
-      alignedAxis: Cesium.Cartesian3.ZERO,
+      alignedAxis: geo.cartesian3.ZERO,
       disableDepthTestDistance: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
     });
     entry.marker = marker;
@@ -443,8 +438,8 @@ export function createRendering({ state, services, parts }) {
 
   const occluder = new Cesium.EllipsoidalOccluder(Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84);
   const sphere = new Cesium.BoundingSphere(undefined, 5);
-  const cameraPosition = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  const cameraPosition = geo.cartesian3.create();
-  const candidatePosition = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  const candidatePosition = geo.cartesian3.create();
   /** Visibility work runs off the frame path, coalesced at four sweeps/second. */
   function requestVisibility() {
     state._visibilityDirty = true;
@@ -471,7 +466,7 @@ export function createRendering({ state, services, parts }) {
     if (!camera) return 0;
     const position =
       camera.positionWC ||
-      Cesium.Ellipsoid.WGS84.cartographicToCartesian(
+      geo.ellipsoid.WGS84.cartographicToCartesian(
         camera.positionCartographic,
         cameraPosition,
       );

src/layers/transit/state.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import { createHistoryBudget } from '../../data/contactPlayback.js';
 
 /**
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ export function createState({ services }) {
   state._error = null;
   state._limitWarned = false;
 
-  state._scratchCartesian = new Cesium.Cartesian3();
+  state._scratchCartesian = geo.cartesian3.create();
 
   return state;
 }

src/layers/transit/trails.js

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { getRegisteredTransitFeed } from '../../data/transitFeeds.js';
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   readFix,
   correctHeight,
@@ -154,12 +154,10 @@ export function createTrails({ state, services, parts, source }) {
           // Ground polylines consume longitude/latitude and drape themselves.
           // Unknown floors still disqualify the marker corridor.
           positions.push(
-            draped ? Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(point.lon, point.lat) : null,
+            draped ? geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(point.lon, point.lat) : null,
           );
         } else
-          positions.push(
+          positions.push(geo.cartesian3.fromDegrees(point.lon, point.lat, h));
-            Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(point.lon, point.lat, h),
-          );
       }
       signature += `${a.seq}/${b.seq}:${heights.join(',')};`;
       if (retainBody) vertices += n + 1;
@@ -216,7 +214,7 @@ export function createTrails({ state, services, parts, source }) {
     }
     if (sample.fromSeq === sample.toSeq) {
       if (!Number.isFinite(entry.segment.from.h)) return null;
-      Cesium.Cartesian3.clone(entry.fromCart, out);
+      geo.cartesian3.clone(entry.fromCart, out);
       return out;
     }
     const path = entry.displayPaths?.get(sample.fromSeq);

src/layers/transit/viewport.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import * as geo from '../../geo/index.js';
 import {
   ACTIVATION_ENTER_ALTITUDE_M,
   ACTIVATION_EXIT_ALTITUDE_M,
@@ -29,15 +30,15 @@ export function createViewport({ state, services, parts }) {
     if (rect) {
       const center = Cesium.Rectangle.center(rect);
       return {
-        lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(center.latitude),
+        lat: geo.math.toDegrees(center.latitude),
-        lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(center.longitude),
+        lon: geo.math.toDegrees(center.longitude),
       };
     }
     const carto = viewer?.camera?.positionCartographic;
     if (carto) {
       return {
-        lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
+        lat: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.latitude),
-        lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
+        lon: geo.math.toDegrees(carto.longitude),
       };
     }
     return null;
@@ -59,10 +60,10 @@ export function createViewport({ state, services, parts }) {
     );
     state._viewBounds = rect
       ? inflateViewBounds({
-          south: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.south),
+          south: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.south),
-          north: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.north),
+          north: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.north),
-          west: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.west),
+          west: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.west),
-          east: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(rect.east),
+          east: geo.math.toDegrees(rect.east),
         })
       : null;
     // The sweep itself is deferred: `marker.show` is a dirty flag, and a drag