diff --git a/.env.example b/.env.example
index 2b7ff95ab..c89680b30 100644
--- a/.env.example
+++ b/.env.example
@@ -55,8 +55,14 @@ GOOGLE_MAPS_SERVER_API_KEY=
 # CLIENT-EXPOSED — use a public assets:read token with URL restrictions.
 CESIUM_ION_TOKEN=
 
-# Optional: OpenAI Realtime voice control. Do not prefix with VITE_.
+# Optional: OpenAI Realtime voice control. API key is the default cloud auth.
+# Provider Settings can instead opt voice into the signed-in local
+# ChatGPT/Codex OAuth session; the browser still receives only a short-lived
+# Realtime client secret. Do not prefix with VITE_.
 OPENAI_API_KEY=
+# Optional: forbid API-key voice sessions. Select ChatGPT OAuth in Provider
+# Settings; missing or expired Codex sign-in then fails closed.
+# GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH=true
 OPENAI_REALTIME_MODEL=gpt-realtime-2
 # Cheaper voice tier, used when the GEV MIC panel's MINI toggle is on.
 # Model ids and prices are external facts that drift — if OpenAI moves this id,
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 107eed48e..8ce4cf231 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,37 @@
 # Changelog
 
+- Treat explicitly current, complete empty vessel coverage as a successful update,
+  clearing obsolete contacts while retaining stale or incomplete snapshots.
+
+- Custom Street Level provider switches survive share links and stored state
+  using URL-safe stable provider IDs and a shared boolean-switch codec; existing
+  Mapillary links keep their meaning. Explicit provider toggles reach durable
+  state without adopting unrelated live switch changes.
+
+- Directions and Recent Imagery accept replaceable acquisition sources, including
+  route transport, imagery catalog, thumbnails, tile templates and attribution.
+  Explicitly removing either source leaves its layer unavailable; standalone
+  defaults preserve the existing providers.
+
+- Catalog source availability no longer modifies layer objects; unavailable
+  tooltips use layer display names.
+
+- Street Level with no providers uses the shared unavailable state and refuses
+  activation before initialization, while keeping its layer identity visible.
+
+- Application source configuration accepts replacements and explicit removal.
+  Missing catalog feeds leave their layers unavailable without blocking startup
+  or making fallback requests; malformed supplied feeds remain configuration errors.
+
+- Street Level providers are optional in application composition. Omitting a
+  Mapillary source no longer prevents startup; callers can inject a different
+  provider list or an empty list without changing layer identities or share links.
+
+- Vector tile sources take their allowed tile origin from the configured
+  `tileJsonUrl`, so repointing only that URL at a mirror loads tiles from the
+  mirror or fails visibly instead of silently using OpenFreeMap. Thanks to
+  [daikaginza](https://github.com/daikaginza) (#935).
+
 - MCP setup examples use the app's default port, `4173`. Thanks to
   [Huanyi Xie](https://github.com/xiehuanyi) (#934) and
   [shirunjies8-png](https://github.com/shirunjies8-png) (#959) for the same fix.
@@ -63,6 +95,18 @@
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+- Add an experimental ChatGPT/Codex OAuth option for cloud voice in Provider
+  Settings. API-key voice remains the default. Local sign-in can start from
+  the auth button and reports completion, failure, timeout, or expired
+  credentials. OAuth credentials stay on the server; local routes require
+  loopback access and same-site requests. OAuth sessions retain usage data
+  and show unknown cost; caption transcriptions are counted rather than
+  priced into the API-key cap. The auth button keeps keyboard focus after a
+  mode change, and pending sign-in does not discard text in the key fields.
+  Thanks to [Shayan Khan](https://github.com/devv-shayan) for #621 and
+  [TheSmokeDev](https://github.com/TheSmokeDev) for the credential handling
+  from #653.
+
 - Stdio servers from one install share a panel key so a page read from one
   process can make requests through another. Concurrent malformed-key repairs
   now select one winner; unavailable storage or a busy repair retains the
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 5a4ab8b24..5d97dfb2f 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -235,7 +235,13 @@ _Why cockpit mode exists: you're riding a real aircraft over real terrain — an
 
 ## 🎙️ Talk to It
 
-> Voice needs an **OpenAI key**. Without one the entire app still runs — the mic button just reports voice is unavailable. The same key drives the **AI HUD summary**: a terse, five-word intelligence-style readout of the current view that regenerates as you move.
+> Voice can use an **OpenAI API key** or, on the same machine, an opt-in signed-in **ChatGPT/Codex OAuth** session. The API-key path remains the default. Selecting ChatGPT OAuth in Provider Settings reuses an existing local sign-in or starts the Codex browser sign-in flow and selects OAuth when it completes. The OpenAI key still drives the **AI HUD summary**: a terse, five-word intelligence-style readout of the current view that regenerates as you move.
+
+The OAuth option is experimental. OpenAI documents ChatGPT plan usage for the [Responses API](https://developers.openai.com/siwc/token-sharing-open-source/models-and-inference); a supported third-party Realtime contract for reusing Codex tokens has not been confirmed. A successful token mint does not establish billing or support terms.
+
+GEV reads Codex's file credentials but does not write or refresh them. It checks token shape and expiry, and reports expired sign-in as requiring re-authentication. The login button runs `codex login`, permits one pending attempt, and reports exit failures or a two-minute timeout. `CODEX_HOME` must match the directory that Codex uses. If `CODEX_AUTH_JSON` points elsewhere, sign in separately or fix that mismatch before using the button. Codex credential storage must use `auth.json`; Keychain-only and in-memory storage are not readable by GEV. On Windows, the login button may not be able to start an npm-installed Codex; run `codex login` yourself, then select OAuth. See [Codex credential storage](https://learn.chatgpt.com/docs/auth#credential-storage).
+
+For a live voice check, run `node scripts/qa-voice-auth.mjs http://127.0.0.1:4189 oauth microphone.wav` against your local dev server. Use a WAV with three seconds of leading silence followed by a short spoken reply request. Replace `oauth` with `api-key` to check the API-key path. The check verifies audio input, a completed spoken reply, usage, resource cleanup, and reconnect. It saves screenshots and credential-free results under `.gev-logs/voice-auth/`.
 
 Click **GEV MIC**, grant the microphone, and just talk. This is more than a voice-controlled remote:
 
@@ -243,7 +249,7 @@ Click **GEV MIC**, grant the microphone, and just talk. This is more than a voic
 - **🎯 Entity Q&A.** Click any plane, ship, or datacenter and ask _"what's this?"_ It answers using the object's live telemetry.
 - **👁️ Visual grounding.** At street level, it reads a viewport screenshot to identify legible signage and building names, and is instructed never to hallucinate labels.
 - **🎬 Cinematic framing.** _"Show me the planes overhead"_ pulls the camera back, angles it, and frames the live traffic like a director.
-- **🔒 Honest and secure.** The agent only confirms actions that succeeded. Your `OPENAI_API_KEY` never touches the browser; the client only gets a short-lived session token.
+- **🔒 Honest and secure.** The agent only confirms actions that succeeded. Your `OPENAI_API_KEY` never touches the browser; the client only gets a short-lived session token. If you choose **USE CHATGPT OAUTH** in Provider Settings, the local server uses that sign-in only to mint the same kind of short-lived Realtime credential, and refuses the OAuth path for non-loopback clients.
 
 Thirty tools, four jobs — the commands below come straight from the product's voice test suite and tool playbook:
 
@@ -429,7 +435,7 @@ Seven keys. Five have a free tier, and the two 🔴 ones are metered:
 | --- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | 🟡  | **Cesium ion**  | 🗺️ Google Photorealistic 3D, world terrain, and additional ion-hosted imagery stacks. The free Community plan is for eligible individual, personal/non-commercial use and has quotas | [cesium.com/ion](https://cesium.com/ion) — use a public `assets:read` token and check current [pricing/eligibility](https://cesium.com/platform/cesium-ion/pricing/) |
 | 🔴  | **Google Maps** | Direct Google Photorealistic 3D + Google place search ([Map Tiles API](https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/tile))                                                       | [Google Cloud Console](https://console.cloud.google.com/) — URL-restrict it                                                                                          |
-| 🔴  | **OpenAI**      | 🎙️ The voice experience + AI HUD summary. The mini model works; the standard model is noticeably smarter. Want Gemini or another provider behind the mic? PRs welcome                | [platform.openai.com](https://platform.openai.com) — metered, see costs below                                                                                        |
+| 🔴  | **OpenAI**      | 🎙️ Voice + AI HUD summary through an API key. Provider Settings also offers **USE CHATGPT OAUTH** for cloud voice without removing the API-key option                              | [platform.openai.com](https://platform.openai.com) — API-key usage is metered, see costs below                                                                       |
 | 🟡  | **AISStream**   | 🚢 Live global ships                                                                                                                                                                 | [aisstream.io](https://aisstream.io) — free signup                                                                                                                   |
 | 🟡  | **NASA FIRMS**  | 🔥 Live active fires                                                                                                                                                                 | [firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov](https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/api/map_key/) — free                                                                             |
 | 🟡  | **TomTom**      | 🚦 Live flow speeds and congestion colors for the simulated traffic layer                                                                                                            | [my.tomtom.com](https://my.tomtom.com/keys) — free tier available                                                                                                    |
@@ -508,7 +514,7 @@ Honest numbers, roughly, as of mid-2026 — always check the provider pricing pa
 | **🟢 Most layers**       | **$0, no signup.** OpenSky anon, USGS, CelesTrak, adsb.lol, city CCTV, Radio Browser, GBFS, Launch Library 2, transit feeds, OSRM routing, NOAA and ECMWF weather, OpenStreetMap ALPR mapping, bundled datasets.                                                                                                                                                            |
 | **🟡 The free-key tier** | **$0 with a signup.** AISStream, FIRMS, TomTom, OpenSky, plus Cesium ion for eligible personal/non-commercial use. Provider quotas and eligibility still apply.                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
 | **🗺️ Google 3D tiles**   | **Free through an eligible Cesium ion Community account within its quota; metered through a direct Google key.** Use the direct route for Google place search or commercial deployment, verify current provider terms, and set budget alerts where billing is enabled.                                                                                                      |
-| **🔴 OpenAI voice**      | **The one that costs real money — so the app meters it for you.** Realtime audio runs a few cents per active minute; an evening of heavy use is single-digit dollars. A live session-spend readout sits next to the mic, with an STD/MINI model toggle, a $2 warning, and a **$5 hard cap that ends the session**. The voice context window is kept deliberately short too. |
+| **🔴 OpenAI voice**      | API-key sessions keep the live spend readout, STD/MINI model toggle, $2 warning, and **$5 hard cap**. ChatGPT OAuth is an explicit choice in Provider Settings. Its usage is tracked without an API-dollar estimate or spend cap. The voice context window stays deliberately short. |
 
 Google's direct 3D route is surprisingly generous: the first 1,000 Photorealistic
 3D Tiles sessions each month are currently free, and one root request supports
diff --git a/SECURITY.md b/SECURITY.md
index eb5fcd6e0..53437a83c 100644
--- a/SECURITY.md
+++ b/SECURITY.md
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ The golden rule: **secret-bearing API keys stay on the server side.** The dev/pr
 | Key | Where it lives | How the browser uses it |
 |-----|----------------|--------------------------|
 | `OPENAI_API_KEY` | Server only | Browser fetches a short-lived **ephemeral** Realtime session token from `/api/realtime/token`; the real key never ships |
+| ChatGPT sign-in through Codex (optional, experimental) | Codex's own `auth.json` (`CODEX_HOME`, default `~/.codex`); GEV reads it server-side and never writes or refreshes it | Only after **USE CHATGPT OAUTH** is selected in Provider Settings: the server mints the same ephemeral Realtime token with the ChatGPT access token, for loopback clients only |
 | `AISSTREAM_API_KEY` | Server only | Server holds the AISStream websocket; browser polls the same-origin `/api/vessels` cache |
 | OpenSky OAuth (`OPENSKY_CLIENT_ID/SECRET`) | Server only | Server mints + refreshes the token behind `/api/flights` |
 | `GOOGLE_MAPS_SERVER_API_KEY` (optional, #33) | Server only | Server calls Places (`/api/google/nearby-places`, `/api/google/text-search`) and the Street View fallback with this key; falls back to `GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY` when unset |
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ The data proxies under `server/providers/` are written so the browser cannot tur
 - **Redacted debug logging.** The voice debug log (`.gev-logs/`, gitignored) strips API keys, bearer tokens, client secrets, and image data URLs before writing.
 - **Cross-site gate on cost/log endpoints.** The cost-bearing (`/api/realtime/token`, `/api/openai/hud-summary`, `/api/google/nearby-places`, `/api/google/text-search`), quota-bearing (`/api/mapillary/*`, with a per-IP limit on tiles) and log (`/api/realtime/debug-log`) endpoints refuse cross-site browser requests: a foreign or opaque `Origin`, a `Sec-Fetch-Site` other than `same-origin`/`none` (this is what blocks an `<img>`/navigation that carries no `Origin`), or any reverse-proxy/CDN forwarding header returns `403`. Non-browser loopback tools (the repo QA harnesses POST the token endpoint with no `Origin`) and the explicit `HOST=0.0.0.0` LAN opt-in keep working — the gate deliberately does not require a loopback remote address; that stricter requirement belongs only to the credential panel (`admitKeySetupRequest`). The Host check (`allowedHosts`, applied by `hostCheckPlugin` ahead of every route, since Vite's own check runs only after plugin middleware) rejects a rebinding `Host` before any handler runs, in every mode, and the gate is defense in depth behind it: the LAN opt-in keeps that check and accepts only IP addresses, `localhost` and names listed in `GEV_ALLOWED_HOSTS`. **Limit:** a name you list there is trusted like the app's own address, so list only names you control.
 - **Full Content-Security-Policy.** The dev and preview servers send a real CSP (`script-src 'self' 'unsafe-eval' blob:` plus the YouTube, Facebook and X scripts the Nepal event's embedded media loads, with a matching `frame-src` for their players and posts: no inline script and no other script origin; `blob:` covers the object URLs Cesium's bundled workers bootstrap through in the built app), alongside the existing `X-Frame-Options: DENY` and `frame-ancestors 'none'`. `'unsafe-eval'` stays because Knockout, bundled inside Cesium's widgets package, resolves the global object with `eval` at load time and the globe does not initialize without it; styles permit `'unsafe-inline'` and Google Fonts because Vite's dev client injects `<style>` elements.
+- **ChatGPT OAuth voice reuses the local Codex sign-in.** `/api/realtime/oauth-status`, `/api/realtime/oauth-login` and `/api/realtime/token?auth=oauth` answer only loopback connections, behind the same cross-site gate as the token endpoint; the login route also refuses a foreign `Origin`. None of them returns the access token. The login route runs `codex login` (or the executable named by `CODEX_BIN`) with an allowlisted environment that leaves out GEV's provider keys, keeps one attempt pending at a time and cancels it after two minutes or when the server stops. **Limits:** any program on this machine that can reach the server can mint Realtime sessions on the signed-in ChatGPT account, as it can with the API key; a local reverse proxy that hides the client's address defeats the loopback check; and OpenAI has not documented this use of Codex credentials for Realtime, so it may stop working or fall outside the account's terms.
 
 ## Network exposure — the operator threat model
 
diff --git a/docs/CURRENT-STATE.md b/docs/CURRENT-STATE.md
index b18d55518..deae329ac 100644
--- a/docs/CURRENT-STATE.md
+++ b/docs/CURRENT-STATE.md
@@ -1,5 +1,49 @@
 # God's Eye View Current State
 
+Vessel sources can report healthy empty coverage using a current, complete
+snapshot with zero raw rows, a healthy transport and a positive last-message
+time. This clears obsolete contacts and settles startup without manufacturing
+position timestamps. Stale, incomplete and malformed empty results retain the
+existing recovery behavior.
+
+Catalog source contracts and their consuming layers are declared in
+`src/app/sourceComposition.js`. Omitted or null acquisition sources preserve layer
+registration and serialization, report unavailable, and are refused by the existing
+visibility lifecycle before initialization. Availability is held in an explicit
+catalog lookup supplied to the lifecycle, without modifying layer instances;
+unavailable reasons use the layer display name. Invalid supplied methods still fail
+construction. `createStandaloneApplication` and `createStandaloneCatalog` accept
+`sources` overrides; unspecified entries retain
+standalone defaults, and null entries explicitly remove a source. Street Level
+continues to accept an explicit provider list. An empty Street Level provider
+list uses the same unavailable lifecycle and disabled layer toggle. Directions (`getRoute`) and
+Recent Imagery (`searchHls`, `getThumbnail`, `getTileTemplate`) use the same source
+configuration boundary. Standalone selects their default adapters; layers retain
+route normalization, imagery selection and rendering. Recent Imagery adapters
+consume the existing HLS/VIIRS product schema and provide their own tile attribution.
+The source factories are exported at `layers/directions/source` and
+`layers/recent-imagery/source`. Configuration is applied at construction time;
+this does not introduce live source replacement.
+
+Application catalog composition accepts an optional `streetLevelProviders` list.
+An explicit list replaces the default Mapillary provider; an empty list removes
+all imagery providers. Without that option, Mapillary is registered only when
+`sources.mapillary` is supplied. An absent source leaves Street Level registered
+with a truthful no-provider state, preserving layer controls and share tokens.
+Malformed selected sources and provider definitions still fail validation.
+An explicit provider list bypasses the unused Mapillary source, including its
+validation. Layer share identities and the legacy Mapillary `m` option remain
+stable. Custom provider switches use the `r` option (`example-1*panoramax-0`),
+with URL-safe separators and a shared layer-neutral boolean-switch codec, sorted by provider ID rather
+than registration order, and round-trip through links and stored state. A receiver
+applies only switches for its registered providers; absent custom switches leave
+current defaults unchanged. Explicit provider toggles persist only their requested
+switch IDs through the state coordinator; unrelated live values remain transient.
+The custom switch field is bounded to 256 characters;
+provider registration rejects compositions that cannot fit rather than truncating
+identities. A malformed or duplicate entry invalidates the complete custom-switch
+field. Existing whole-link size limits still apply.
+
 ## God's Eye View in conversations — October 2, 2026
 
 Tool answers that can be shown in God's Eye View include a view: camera, layers,
@@ -396,7 +440,8 @@ the speaker (`mayVoiceClaimSpeaker()`). Progress lines stay outside the reply
 lifecycle and Radio handoff. `turn.span` debug records carry generation and
 playback latency, silence, preamble and word-count figures. Caption
 transcription (`OPENAI_REALTIME_TRANSCRIBE_MODEL`, default on) is metered into
-the session cost and cap. The debug log omits transcripts, text, tool arguments
+the session cost and cap in API-key sessions; ChatGPT OAuth sessions count
+captions without pricing them. The debug log omits transcripts, text, tool arguments
 and complete tool-result bodies (including serialized function outputs) unless
 `GEV_VOICE_LOG_CONTENT=1`.
 Tool names, call IDs, protocol event metadata and usage remain available.
@@ -4035,7 +4080,7 @@ and unreachable upstream (502/504) separately from road geometry.
 
 `GEV MIC` button (bottom UI) starts an OpenAI Realtime session over WebRTC:
 
-- **Token flow**: browser fetches a short-lived client secret from `/api/realtime/token`; the Vite middleware holds `OPENAI_API_KEY` and posts the full session config (instructions, tool schemas, VAD, truncation) to `api.openai.com/v1/realtime/client_secrets`. SDP exchange goes directly to `api.openai.com/v1/realtime/calls` with the ephemeral token.
+- **Token flow**: browser fetches a short-lived client secret from `/api/realtime/token`; the Vite middleware uses `OPENAI_API_KEY` by default, or the signed-in local ChatGPT/Codex OAuth access token when OAuth was explicitly selected in Provider Settings, and posts the full session config (instructions, tool schemas, VAD, truncation) to `api.openai.com/v1/realtime/client_secrets`. Both long-lived credentials stay server-side; OAuth minting is loopback-only. SDP exchange goes directly to `api.openai.com/v1/realtime/calls` with the ephemeral token.
 - **Session defaults** (env-tunable): model `gpt-realtime-2` (or `gpt-realtime-2.1-mini` when the MINI tier is selected — see the model-tier entry below), voice `marin`, reasoning effort `low`, semantic VAD with low eagerness, no response interruption, context window truncated to ~3,000 post-instruction tokens with 0.5 retention ratio — the conversational window stays short because map state is fetched live per turn.
 - **Thirty tools** (argument schemas in `src/voice/actionSchemas.js`, served with their descriptions by `server/providers/openai/tools.js`, executed client-side in `src/voice/gevActions.js`): `fly_to_location`, `select_nearest_aircraft`, `adjust_camera_zoom`, `zoom_to_globe`, `set_layer_visibility`, `show_data_layers_menu`, `set_panel_open`, `set_visual_style`, `get_entity_context`, `get_current_view_state`, `set_hud`, `set_cyber_sonar`, `set_detection`, `set_map_stack`, `set_post_processing`, `control_scene`, `control_cctv`, `set_context_mode`, `control_cockpit`, `control_radio`, `track_entity`, `stop_tracking`, `frame_overhead`, `annotate_map`, `clear_annotations`, `move_camera`, `fly_route`, `analyst_query`, `next_iss_pass`, and `next_satellite_pass`.
 
@@ -4081,7 +4126,10 @@ and unreachable upstream (502/504) separately from road geometry.
   2. **Contacts OFF** → "nearby" means **in view**; "near \<place\>" means a radius around that place. A radius query with Contacts active and no explicit centre is centred on the **active contact**, not the camera.
   3. **Every count names its scope in words** — "42 in your window", "8 in view", "about 30 within 250 km of Austin" — never a bare number. `analyst_query` returns `scopeLabel` so this is mechanical. Two different numbers with named scopes are not a contradiction.
   4. **The loaded-data caveat is stated once when relevant**: counts cover loaded data, and the flights layer loads where you look (appended to `coverage.note` for radius/view scopes over viewport-loaded layers).
-- **Degradation**: without `OPENAI_API_KEY`, `/api/realtime/token` returns 503 and the mic button surfaces the error; the rest of the app is unaffected.
+- **Degradation**: API-key mode without `OPENAI_API_KEY` returns 503 as before. Selecting OAuth without a usable local ChatGPT/Codex sign-in starts the local `codex login` browser flow, polls for the resulting local token, and selects OAuth when sign-in completes. If the Codex login flow cannot start or does not complete, the rest of the app is unaffected.
+- **Login lifecycle and storage**: one pending Codex login is shared by the login and status routes. Process failure, success without readable credentials, and a two-minute timeout each report a clear failure; timeout and server shutdown cancel the owned process. The launcher resolves `CODEX_HOME` before changing directories and refuses a mismatched `CODEX_AUTH_JSON`. GEV reads file credentials only, never writes or refreshes them, and does not require the vendor refresh token. Expired access tokens report `CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED`. OAuth status and login routes also use the same-site request gate.
+- **Auth button focus**: changing voice auth updates the existing controls in place. Enter, Space, and mouse selection keep focus on the auth button; Tab then follows the normal control order. Pending sign-in blocks repeated activation without removing the button from the focus order. Completion does not take focus from another control or discard text in the key fields. `scripts/qa-voice-auth-focus.mjs` checks these paths in Chromium with fixture sign-in responses.
+- **Support boundary**: the local OAuth option is experimental. OpenAI's documented Sign in with ChatGPT plan-sharing inference endpoint is `/v1/responses`; support for third-party reuse of Codex credentials at `/v1/realtime/client_secrets` remains unconfirmed. Technical success does not establish a supported auth or billing contract.
 
 ### AI HUD Summary (June 2026)
 
@@ -4314,7 +4362,7 @@ are omitted rather than framing the wrong part of the globe.
 - GBFS proxy refuses upstream redirects (`redirect: 'manual'`; any 3xx becomes a 502 and the redirect target is logged server-side only) and enforces its 5 MB response cap while the body streams, cancelling the upstream read past the cap; CCTV health map is bounded.
 - Proxy error payloads are sanitized (no internal error details returned to clients).
 - That holds for the OpenAI and CCTV media paths too: `/api/openai/hud-summary` never relays OpenAI's own `error.message`, `/api/realtime/token` passes successful ephemeral-token responses through but answers with a fixed error when minting fails or upstream rejects the request, and a failed CCTV media fetch stores a fixed camera health `message` — `GET /api/cctv/health` serializes that field and the CCTV panel renders it as a status label, so it is a client surface as much as the response body is.
-- `OPENAI_API_KEY` is server-side only; the browser receives ephemeral Realtime client secrets from `/api/realtime/token`.
+- `OPENAI_API_KEY` remains server-side only and remains the default voice credential. The optional OAuth mode reads the local ChatGPT/Codex access token server-side on loopback only; the browser receives only ephemeral Realtime client secrets from `/api/realtime/token`.
 - `AISSTREAM_API_KEY` is server-side only; the browser reads the same-origin `/api/vessels` cache.
 - `/api/google/nearby-places` keeps the Google key out of Places requests issued for voice scene context.
 - `/api/google/text-search` keeps the Google key server-side for view-biased Places recovery used by annotation resolution.
@@ -4717,6 +4765,10 @@ easier to meet (detection is now on more often), but does not create it.
   shown dot against the allowed source classes and records phase timings.
   Positions and segment distances are precomputed, with no new animation-loop
   allocation. Visible-globe roads use cached terrain without offscreen mesh picks. The road-source label names the geometry being drawn, with partial/unavailable states shown plainly.
+- Vector tile sources accept tiles only from an allowed origin, which defaults
+  to the configured `tileJsonUrl` origin; an explicit `allowedOrigin` overrides
+  it. Repointing only `tileJsonUrl` loads tiles from that host or fails with an
+  origin error rather than silently falling back to OpenFreeMap.
 - TileJSON caches successful metadata. Transient failures retry after a
   five-second cooldown; invalid metadata/origins stay unavailable until the
   source is cleared. Clear resets metadata and cancels pending requests.
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 9222cd6c4..d9bf6cf8a 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@
     "./layers/vessels": "./src/layers/vessels/index.js",
     "./layers/earthquakes": "./src/layers/earthquakes/index.js",
     "./layers/recent-imagery": "./src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
+    "./layers/recent-imagery/source": "./src/layers/recentImagery/source.js",
     "./layers/perimeters": "./src/layers/perimeters/index.js",
     "./sources/firms-csv": "./src/data/firmsCsv.js",
     "./layers/firms": "./src/layers/firms/index.js",
@@ -173,6 +174,7 @@
     "./layers/traffic": "./src/layers/traffic/index.js",
     "./layers/bikeshare": "./src/layers/bikeshare/index.js",
     "./layers/directions": "./src/layers/directions/index.js",
+    "./layers/directions/source": "./src/layers/directions/source.js",
     "./layers/cctv": "./src/layers/cctv/index.js",
     "./layers/alpr": "./src/layers/alpr/index.js",
     "./layers/radio": "./src/layers/radio/index.js",
diff --git a/scripts/dev-fresh.sh b/scripts/dev-fresh.sh
index d3e175050..69d3ac319 100755
--- a/scripts/dev-fresh.sh
+++ b/scripts/dev-fresh.sh
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ case "${OPENSKY_AUTH_MODE}" in
     echo "OpenSky auth: disabled (anonymous mode)"
     ;;
 esac
-[[ -n "${OPENAI_API_KEY}" ]] && echo "OpenAI key (voice + HUD summary): configured" || echo "OpenAI key (voice + HUD summary): not set — GEV MIC disabled"
+[[ -n "${OPENAI_API_KEY}" ]] && echo "OpenAI key (voice + HUD summary): configured" || echo "OpenAI key (voice + HUD summary): not set — GEV MIC off unless a Codex ChatGPT sign-in is selected in Provider Settings (experimental)"
 [[ -n "${AISSTREAM_API_KEY}" ]] && echo "AISStream key (live vessels): configured" || echo "AISStream key (live vessels): not set — ships layer empty"
 if [[ -n "${GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY}" ]]; then
   echo "Startup map: Google Photorealistic 3D Tiles (direct)"
diff --git a/scripts/format-scope.json b/scripts/format-scope.json
index 31b0508c4..33bdf3df9 100644
--- a/scripts/format-scope.json
+++ b/scripts/format-scope.json
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@
   "src/main.js",
   "docs/APPLICATION.md",
   "scripts/qa-application.mjs",
+  "scripts/qa-voice-auth.mjs",
+  "scripts/qa-voice-auth-focus.mjs",
+  "src/codexOauthRealtime.test.mjs",
+  "src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.test.mjs",
   "scripts/qa-panel-resize.mjs",
   "scripts/qa-panelDrag.mjs",
   "src/tooling/panelResizeQa.test.mjs",
diff --git a/scripts/package-boundaries.json b/scripts/package-boundaries.json
index a99a2a32b..4a0cbe498 100644
--- a/scripts/package-boundaries.json
+++ b/scripts/package-boundaries.json
@@ -295,6 +295,7 @@
       "server/providers/common/request.js",
       "server/providers/common/source-root.js",
       "server/providers/openai.js",
+      "server/providers/openai/codex-auth.js",
       "server/providers/openai/constants.js",
       "server/providers/openai/debug-log.js",
       "server/providers/openai/hud-summary.js",
@@ -551,6 +552,7 @@
       "src/contextModePolicy.js",
       "src/data/detectionPolicy.js",
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
@@ -799,6 +801,7 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
@@ -841,6 +844,7 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
@@ -878,6 +882,7 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
@@ -933,6 +938,7 @@
     "exports": ["./layers/recent-imagery"],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/source.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js",
@@ -1202,6 +1208,7 @@
       "src/layers/streetLevel/groundCast.js",
       "src/layers/streetLevel/meshSampler.js",
       "src/layers/streetLevel/pickRouter.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/layers/streetLevel/params.js",
       "src/layers/streetLevel/registry.js",
       "src/layers/streetLevel/filter.js",
@@ -1247,6 +1254,7 @@
     "exports": ["./layers/radio"],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/radioCountry.js",
@@ -1355,6 +1363,7 @@
     "modules": [
       "src/voice/realtimeController.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeBackend.js",
+      "src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.js",
       "src/voice/control.js",
       "src/voice/layerSummary.js",
       "src/voice/voiceCost.js",
@@ -1432,6 +1441,7 @@
       "src/annotations/worldAnnotationRenderer.js",
       "src/app/catalog.js",
       "src/app/constructCatalog.js",
+      "src/app/sourceComposition.js",
       "src/app/controls.js",
       "src/app/data.js",
       "src/app/errors.js",
@@ -1533,6 +1543,7 @@
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
       "src/data/issPass.js",
       "src/data/labelArbiter.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
@@ -1970,6 +1981,7 @@
       "src/voice/resultDisplay.js",
       "src/voice/gevRealtime.js",
       "src/voice/layerSummary.js",
+      "src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeBackend.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeController.js",
       "src/voice/voiceCost.js",
@@ -1993,6 +2005,7 @@
       "src/ui/geoFileImport.js",
       "src/data/routeSteps.js",
       "src/layers/directions/index.js",
+      "src/layers/directions/source.js",
       "src/data/directions.js",
       "src/app/layers/directions.js",
       "src/search/coordinateGeocoder.js",
@@ -2127,6 +2140,7 @@
       "src/ui/localSdrPresentation.js",
       "src/app/layers/recentImagery.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/source.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js",
@@ -2222,6 +2236,7 @@
       "src/annotations/resolver.js",
       "src/app/catalog.js",
       "src/app/constructCatalog.js",
+      "src/app/sourceComposition.js",
       "src/layers/wind/index.js",
       "src/layers/wind/model.js",
       "src/layers/wind/fields.js",
@@ -2281,6 +2296,7 @@
       "src/data/issPass.js",
       "src/data/satellitePass.js",
       "src/data/labelArbiter.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/localGeojson.js",
@@ -2571,6 +2587,7 @@
       "src/services/groundFloor.js",
       "src/data/routeSteps.js",
       "src/layers/directions/index.js",
+      "src/layers/directions/source.js",
       "src/services/terrainHeights.js",
       "src/data/terrainHeights.js",
       "src/data/groundFloor.js",
@@ -2659,6 +2676,7 @@
       "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
       "src/app/layers/recentImagery.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/source.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js",
@@ -2800,6 +2818,7 @@
     "exports": ["./ui/share-restoration"],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
@@ -2913,9 +2932,27 @@
     ],
     "external": []
   },
+  "directions-source": {
+    "exports": ["./layers/directions/source"],
+    "modules": ["src/layers/directions/source.js"],
+    "external": []
+  },
+  "recent-imagery-source": {
+    "exports": ["./layers/recent-imagery/source"],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/source.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js"
+    ],
+    "external": []
+  },
   "directions-layer": {
     "exports": ["./layers/directions"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/directions/index.js", "src/data/routeSteps.js"],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/directions/index.js",
+      "src/layers/directions/source.js",
+      "src/data/routeSteps.js"
+    ],
     "external": ["cesium"]
   },
   "radio-browser-source": {
@@ -3302,6 +3339,7 @@
       "src/tools/queries/brief.js",
       "src/tools/queries/maritime.js",
       "src/tools/queries/share.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/sources/gbfsStations.js",
@@ -3424,6 +3462,7 @@
     "exports": ["./view"],
     "modules": [
       "src/view/index.js",
+      "src/data/idSwitches.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json"
     ],
diff --git a/scripts/qa-street-level.mjs b/scripts/qa-street-level.mjs
index 59b0584da..f8d50f85f 100644
--- a/scripts/qa-street-level.mjs
+++ b/scripts/qa-street-level.mjs
@@ -622,11 +622,17 @@ async function main() {
       await target.click(
         '.panel-collapse-btn[data-collapse-target="street-level-panel"]',
       );
-      await settle(
-        target,
-        () =>
-          getComputedStyle(document.getElementById('sl-body')).display ===
-          'flex',
+      assert.ok(
+        await settle(
+          target,
+          () =>
+            !document
+              .getElementById('street-level-panel')
+              .classList.contains('collapsed') &&
+            getComputedStyle(document.getElementById('sl-body')).display ===
+              'flex',
+        ),
+        'Street Level panel did not expand before the timeout',
       );
     };
     await expandStrip();
diff --git a/scripts/qa-voice-auth-focus.mjs b/scripts/qa-voice-auth-focus.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d131a22c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/qa-voice-auth-focus.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+/**
+ * Check auth-mode keyboard focus with the real settings template and controls.
+ * Run: node --test --test-reporter=spec scripts/qa-voice-auth-focus.mjs
+ * Sign-in responses are fixtures. No credentials or live login are used.
+ */
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { existsSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { mkdir, readFile, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { createServer } from 'node:http';
+import { after, before, test } from 'node:test';
+import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
+
+const root = new URL('../', import.meta.url);
+const template = await readFile(
+  new URL('src/ui/templates/provider-settings.html', root),
+  'utf8',
+);
+const assets = new Set([
+  '/src/keySetup.js',
+  '/src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.js',
+  '/src/ui/surfaceKeyboard.js',
+  '/src/ui/styles/provider-settings.css',
+]);
+const observations = [];
+let server;
+let browser;
+let origin;
+
+before(async () => {
+  server = createServer(async (req, res) => {
+    const pathname = new URL(req.url, 'http://localhost').pathname;
+    if (pathname === '/') {
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=utf-8');
+      res.end(`<!doctype html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8">
+        <title>Voice auth keyboard focus test</title>
+        <link rel="stylesheet" href="/src/ui/styles/provider-settings.css">
+        </head><body>${template}</body></html>`);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!assets.has(pathname)) {
+      res.statusCode = 404;
+      res.end();
+      return;
+    }
+    try {
+      res.setHeader(
+        'Content-Type',
+        pathname.endsWith('.css') ? 'text/css' : 'text/javascript',
+      );
+      res.end(await readFile(new URL(pathname.slice(1), root)));
+    } catch {
+      res.statusCode = 500;
+      res.end('Could not load the test asset');
+    }
+  });
+  await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    server.once('error', reject);
+    server.listen(0, '127.0.0.1', resolve);
+  });
+  origin = `http://127.0.0.1:${server.address().port}`;
+  const chrome = '/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome';
+  browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+    headless: true,
+    executablePath:
+      process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH ||
+      (existsSync(chrome) ? chrome : await puppeteer.executablePath()),
+  });
+});
+
+after(async () => {
+  await browser?.close();
+  if (server?.listening) await new Promise((resolve) => server.close(resolve));
+  const output = new URL('.gev-logs/voice-auth-focus/', root);
+  await mkdir(output, { recursive: true });
+  await writeFile(
+    new URL('results.json', output),
+    `${JSON.stringify(observations, null, 2)}\n`,
+  );
+});
+
+const scenarios = [
+  {
+    name: 'OAuth to API key',
+    initial: 'oauth',
+    expected: 'api-key',
+    flow: 'unused',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'API key to existing OAuth',
+    initial: 'api-key',
+    expected: 'oauth',
+    flow: 'existing',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'API key to OAuth ready at login launch',
+    initial: 'api-key',
+    expected: 'oauth',
+    flow: 'login-ready',
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'API key to OAuth ready after polling',
+    initial: 'api-key',
+    expected: 'oauth',
+    flow: 'poll-ready',
+  },
+];
+
+async function mountSettings(page, scenario) {
+  await page.goto(`${origin}/?setup=1`, {
+    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
+  });
+  await page.evaluate(async ({ initial, flow }) => {
+    localStorage.clear();
+    localStorage.setItem('godsEyeView.voice.cloudAuth', initial);
+    window.__focusTestCalls = [];
+    let statusReads = 0;
+    const fetchImpl = async (url) => {
+      window.__focusTestCalls.push(url);
+      let payload;
+      let status = 200;
+      if (url === '/api/setup/status') {
+        payload = {
+          setCount: 0,
+          total: 1,
+          keys: [
+            {
+              id: 'openai',
+              title: 'OPENAI',
+              tier: 'metered',
+              set: false,
+              unlocks: 'Voice control',
+              envVars: ['OPENAI_API_KEY'],
+              getUrl: 'https://example.invalid/',
+            },
+          ],
+        };
+      } else if (url === '/api/realtime/oauth-status') {
+        statusReads += 1;
+        if (flow === 'deferred') {
+          return await new Promise((resolve) => {
+            window.__resolveOAuthStatus = (available) =>
+              resolve(
+                new Response(
+                  JSON.stringify({ available, error: 'Fixture failure' }),
+                  {
+                    status: available ? 200 : 503,
+                  },
+                ),
+              );
+          });
+        }
+        payload = {
+          available:
+            flow === 'existing' || (flow === 'poll-ready' && statusReads > 1),
+        };
+      } else if (url === '/api/realtime/oauth-login') {
+        const available = flow === 'login-ready';
+        status = available ? 200 : 202;
+        payload = { available, pending: !available, started: !available };
+      } else {
+        throw new Error(`Unexpected request: ${url}`);
+      }
+      return new Response(JSON.stringify(payload), { status });
+    };
+    const { initKeySetup } = await import('/src/keySetup.js');
+    window.__focusTestSettings = await initKeySetup({ fetchImpl });
+  }, scenario);
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      document.getElementById('key-setup').classList.contains('visible') &&
+      document.activeElement.matches('input[data-env-var]'),
+  );
+}
+
+for (const scenario of scenarios) {
+  for (const key of ['Enter', 'Space', 'Mouse click']) {
+    test(`${scenario.name} keeps keyboard focus after ${key}`, async (t) => {
+      const page = await browser.newPage();
+      try {
+        await mountSettings(page, scenario);
+
+        if (key !== 'Mouse click') {
+          // Tab from the initial key field to the real auth button.
+          await page.keyboard.press('Tab');
+          assert.equal(
+            await page.evaluate(() =>
+              document.activeElement.matches('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]'),
+            ),
+            true,
+            'Keyboard navigation must reach the auth toggle before activation',
+          );
+        }
+        await page.evaluate(() => {
+          const toggle = document.querySelector(
+            '[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]',
+          );
+          window.__originalFocusToggle = toggle;
+          window.__focusAtActivation = null;
+          toggle.addEventListener(
+            'click',
+            () => {
+              window.__focusAtActivation = document.activeElement === toggle;
+            },
+            { capture: true, once: true },
+          );
+        });
+        if (key === 'Mouse click') {
+          await page.waitForFunction(
+            () =>
+              getComputedStyle(document.getElementById('key-setup')).opacity ===
+              '1',
+          );
+          await page.click('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]');
+        } else {
+          await page.keyboard.press(key);
+        }
+        await page.waitForFunction(
+          (expected) =>
+            localStorage.getItem('godsEyeView.voice.cloudAuth') === expected &&
+            !document.querySelector('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]')
+              .disabled &&
+            document
+              .querySelector('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]')
+              .getAttribute('aria-disabled') !== 'true',
+          {},
+          scenario.expected,
+        );
+        const selection = await page.evaluate(() => ({
+          focusOnToggleAtActivation: window.__focusAtActivation,
+          focusOnToggle:
+            document.activeElement ===
+            document.querySelector('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]'),
+          activeTag: document.activeElement.tagName,
+          originalToggleConnected: window.__originalFocusToggle.isConnected,
+          requests: window.__focusTestCalls,
+        }));
+        await page.keyboard.press('Tab');
+        const nextTab = await page.evaluate(() => ({
+          focusOnSave: document.activeElement.matches('[data-key-setup-apply]'),
+          activeLabel:
+            document.activeElement.getAttribute('aria-label') ||
+            document.activeElement.textContent.trim(),
+        }));
+        const observed = { scenario: scenario.name, key, selection, nextTab };
+        observations.push(observed);
+        t.diagnostic(JSON.stringify(observed));
+        assert.equal(
+          selection.focusOnToggle,
+          true,
+          'Auth selection must keep focus on its usable toggle',
+        );
+        assert.equal(
+          nextTab.focusOnSave,
+          true,
+          'Tab must continue to SAVE KEYS rather than restart at Close',
+        );
+      } finally {
+        await page.close();
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+for (const available of [true, false]) {
+  test(`pending OAuth ${available ? 'success' : 'failure'} blocks repeats without moving focus or losing a key draft`, async () => {
+    const page = await browser.newPage();
+    try {
+      await mountSettings(page, { initial: 'api-key', flow: 'deferred' });
+      await page.type('input[data-env-var]', 'test-draft-only');
+      await page.keyboard.press('Tab');
+      await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
+      await page.waitForFunction(
+        () => typeof window.__resolveOAuthStatus === 'function',
+      );
+      assert.equal(
+        await page.evaluate(() =>
+          document.activeElement.matches('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]'),
+        ),
+        true,
+      );
+      await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
+      await page.keyboard.press('Space');
+      assert.equal(
+        await page.evaluate(
+          () =>
+            window.__focusTestCalls.filter(
+              (url) => url === '/api/realtime/oauth-status',
+            ).length,
+        ),
+        1,
+      );
+      await page.keyboard.press('Tab');
+      assert.equal(
+        await page.evaluate(() =>
+          document.activeElement.matches('[data-key-setup-apply]'),
+        ),
+        true,
+      );
+      await page.evaluate(
+        (available) => window.__resolveOAuthStatus(available),
+        available,
+      );
+      await page.waitForFunction(
+        () =>
+          document
+            .querySelector('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]')
+            .getAttribute('aria-disabled') === 'false',
+      );
+      const observed = await page.evaluate(() => ({
+        mode: localStorage.getItem('godsEyeView.voice.cloudAuth'),
+        focusOnSave: document.activeElement.matches('[data-key-setup-apply]'),
+        draft: document.querySelector('input[data-env-var]').value,
+        requests: window.__focusTestCalls,
+      }));
+      observations.push({ scenario: 'pending OAuth', available, observed });
+      assert.equal(observed.mode, available ? 'oauth' : 'api-key');
+      assert.equal(
+        observed.focusOnSave,
+        true,
+        'Completing a request must not take focus from another control',
+      );
+      assert.equal(observed.draft, 'test-draft-only');
+    } finally {
+      await page.close();
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/scripts/qa-voice-auth.mjs b/scripts/qa-voice-auth.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..800df9598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/qa-voice-auth.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+/**
+ * Live Realtime auth acceptance with a prerecorded Chromium microphone.
+ * Run against the local dev server after configuring the selected credential:
+ * node scripts/qa-voice-auth.mjs http://127.0.0.1:4189 oauth microphone.wav
+ * Use a short spoken reply request with three seconds of leading silence.
+ * Saves only usage, transport metadata, and screenshots; never credentials.
+ */
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
+
+const root = fileURLToPath(new URL('../', import.meta.url));
+const url = new URL(process.argv[2] || 'http://127.0.0.1:4189');
+const auth = process.argv[3] || 'oauth';
+assert.ok(['oauth', 'api-key'].includes(auth), 'Choose oauth or api-key');
+assert.ok(
+  ['127.0.0.1', 'localhost', '[::1]'].includes(url.hostname),
+  'Use a local server',
+);
+assert.ok(process.argv[4], 'Provide a prerecorded microphone WAV');
+const wav = path.resolve(process.argv[4]);
+assert.ok(fs.existsSync(wav), 'Microphone WAV must exist');
+url.searchParams.set('welcome', '0');
+url.searchParams.set('setup', '1');
+const output = path.join(root, '.gev-logs', 'voice-auth');
+fs.mkdirSync(output, { recursive: true });
+const executablePath =
+  process.env.PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH ||
+  (fs.existsSync('/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome')
+    ? '/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome'
+    : puppeteer.executablePath());
+const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
+  headless: true,
+  executablePath,
+  args: [
+    '--no-sandbox',
+    '--disable-setuid-sandbox',
+    '--use-fake-device-for-media-stream',
+    `--use-file-for-fake-audio-capture=${wav}%noloop`,
+    '--autoplay-policy=no-user-gesture-required',
+    '--disable-background-timer-throttling',
+    '--window-size=1440,900',
+  ],
+});
+const result = {
+  ok: false,
+  auth,
+  input: 'prerecorded microphone',
+  mints: [],
+  negotiations: [],
+};
+let page;
+const readSession = () =>
+  page.evaluate(async () => {
+    const voice = window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands;
+    const stats = voice.pc ? [...(await voice.pc.getStats()).values()] : [];
+    const input = stats.find(
+      (entry) => entry.type === 'outbound-rtp' && entry.kind === 'audio',
+    );
+    const source = stats.find(
+      (entry) => entry.type === 'media-source' && entry.kind === 'audio',
+    );
+    const audio = stats.find(
+      (entry) => entry.type === 'inbound-rtp' && entry.kind === 'audio',
+    );
+    const meter = document.getElementById('gev-voice-cost-value');
+    return {
+      ...window.__voiceAuthEvidence,
+      connection: voice.pc?.connectionState,
+      microphoneEnabled: voice.stream
+        ?.getAudioTracks()
+        .every((track) => track.enabled),
+      inputBytes: input?.bytesSent || 0,
+      inputAudioEnergy: source?.totalAudioEnergy ?? null,
+      outputBytes: audio?.bytesReceived || 0,
+      outputAudioEnergy: audio?.totalAudioEnergy || 0,
+      playbackTime: voice.audioEl?.currentTime || 0,
+      meter: {
+        text: meter?.textContent,
+        usage: meter?.title,
+        visible: Boolean(meter?.getClientRects().length),
+      },
+    };
+  });
+try {
+  await browser
+    .defaultBrowserContext()
+    .overridePermissions(url.origin, ['microphone']);
+  page = await browser.newPage();
+  await page.setViewport({ width: 1440, height: 900 });
+  page.on('response', (response) => {
+    const route = new URL(response.url()).pathname;
+    if (route === '/api/realtime/token')
+      result.mints.push({
+        status: response.status(),
+        auth: response.headers()['x-gev-voice-auth'],
+        model: response.headers()['x-gev-voice-model'],
+      });
+    if (
+      route === '/v1/realtime/calls' &&
+      response.request().method() === 'POST'
+    )
+      result.negotiations.push({ status: response.status() });
+  });
+  // Observe the application's real transport. Do not replace fetch or replies.
+  await page.evaluateOnNewDocument(() => {
+    window.__voiceAuthEvidence = {
+      speechStopped: 0,
+      transcripts: [],
+      replies: [],
+      responses: [],
+      errors: [],
+      eventCounts: {},
+    };
+    const create = RTCPeerConnection.prototype.createDataChannel;
+    RTCPeerConnection.prototype.createDataChannel = function (...args) {
+      const channel = create.apply(this, args);
+      channel.addEventListener('message', ({ data }) => {
+        let event;
+        try {
+          event = JSON.parse(data);
+        } catch {
+          return;
+        }
+        const evidence = window.__voiceAuthEvidence;
+        evidence.eventCounts[event.type] =
+          (evidence.eventCounts[event.type] || 0) + 1;
+        if (event.type === 'input_audio_buffer.speech_stopped')
+          evidence.speechStopped += 1;
+        if (
+          event.type === 'conversation.item.input_audio_transcription.completed'
+        )
+          evidence.transcripts.push(event.transcript);
+        if (event.type === 'response.output_audio_transcript.done')
+          evidence.replies.push(event.transcript);
+        if (event.type === 'response.done')
+          evidence.responses.push({
+            status: event.response?.status,
+            inputTokens: event.response?.usage?.input_tokens,
+            outputTokens: event.response?.usage?.output_tokens,
+          });
+        if (event.type === 'error')
+          evidence.errors.push({ code: event.error?.code });
+      });
+      return channel;
+    };
+  });
+  await page.goto(url.href, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 30_000 });
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      window.__godsEyeView?.voiceCommands &&
+      document.getElementById('loading-screen')?.classList.contains('hidden'),
+    { timeout: 45_000 },
+  );
+  await page.waitForSelector('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]', {
+    visible: true,
+  });
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      getComputedStyle(document.getElementById('key-setup')).opacity === '1',
+  );
+  const selected = await page.evaluate(
+    () => localStorage.getItem('godsEyeView.voice.cloudAuth') || 'api-key',
+  );
+  if (selected !== auth) {
+    await page.click('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]');
+    await page.waitForFunction(
+      (mode) => localStorage.getItem('godsEyeView.voice.cloudAuth') === mode,
+      { timeout: 125_000 },
+      auth,
+    );
+  }
+  await page.click('[data-key-setup-close]');
+  await page.click('#gev-voice-button');
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands.dc?.readyState === 'open' ||
+      window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands.status === 'error',
+    { timeout: 35_000 },
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    await page.evaluate(
+      () => window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands.dc?.readyState,
+    ),
+    'open',
+    'Realtime channel must open',
+  );
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      window.__voiceAuthEvidence.speechStopped > 0 &&
+      window.__voiceAuthEvidence.responses.some(
+        (response) =>
+          response.status === 'completed' && response.outputTokens > 0,
+      ),
+    { timeout: 45_000 },
+  );
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      window.__voiceAuthEvidence.eventCounts['output_audio_buffer.stopped'] > 0,
+    { timeout: 30_000 },
+  );
+  result.session = await readSession();
+  assert.ok(
+    result.session.inputBytes > 0 && result.session.outputBytes > 0,
+    'Audio must flow in both directions',
+  );
+  assert.ok(
+    result.session.outputAudioEnergy > 0 && result.session.playbackTime > 0,
+    'Reply audio must play',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    result.session.meter.text === 'COST UNKNOWN',
+    auth === 'oauth',
+    'Use the correct accounting display',
+  );
+  await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(output, `${auth}-usage.png`) });
+  await page.click('#key-setup-chip');
+  await page.waitForSelector('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]', {
+    visible: true,
+  });
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      getComputedStyle(document.getElementById('key-setup')).opacity === '1',
+  );
+  await page.screenshot({ path: path.join(output, `${auth}-settings.png`) });
+  await page.click('[data-key-setup-close]');
+  result.stopped = await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const voice = window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands;
+    const pc = voice.pc;
+    const tracks = voice.stream?.getTracks() || [];
+    voice.session.stop();
+    return (
+      pc.connectionState === 'closed' &&
+      tracks.every((track) => track.readyState === 'ended')
+    );
+  });
+  assert.ok(result.stopped, 'Stop must close the peer and microphone tracks');
+  await page.click('#gev-voice-button');
+  await page.waitForFunction(
+    () =>
+      window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands.dc?.readyState === 'open' ||
+      window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands.status === 'error',
+    { timeout: 35_000 },
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    await page.evaluate(
+      () => window.__godsEyeView.voiceCommands.dc?.readyState,
+    ),
+    'open',
+    'Reconnect must work',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    result.mints.length,
+    2,
+    'Reconnect must request a fresh client secret',
+  );
+  assert.ok(
+    result.mints.every(
+      (mint) =>
+        mint.status === 200 &&
+        mint.auth === (auth === 'oauth' ? 'codex-oauth' : 'env'),
+    ),
+  );
+  assert.ok(result.negotiations.every((entry) => entry.status === 201));
+  result.ok = true;
+} catch (error) {
+  result.error = error.message;
+  if (page) {
+    result.session = await readSession().catch(() => null);
+    result.detail = await page
+      .$eval('#gev-voice-detail', (element) => element.textContent)
+      .catch(() => null);
+    await page
+      .screenshot({ path: path.join(output, `${auth}-failure.png`) })
+      .catch(() => {});
+  }
+} finally {
+  await page
+    ?.evaluate(() => window.__godsEyeView?.voiceCommands?.session?.stop())
+    .catch(() => {});
+  await browser.close();
+  fs.writeFileSync(
+    path.join(output, `${auth}-result.json`),
+    `${JSON.stringify(result, null, 2)}\n`,
+  );
+}
+console.log(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
+if (!result.ok) process.exitCode = 1;
diff --git a/scripts/setup-doctor.mjs b/scripts/setup-doctor.mjs
index 162cb173c..49c6722c2 100644
--- a/scripts/setup-doctor.mjs
+++ b/scripts/setup-doctor.mjs
@@ -176,7 +176,9 @@ export function buildCapabilitySummary(
         ? 'Google Photorealistic 3D Tiles through Cesium ion; Bing and world-terrain stacks available'
         : 'Esri World Imagery (keyless satellite basemap) with keyless terrain',
     flights,
-    voice: configured('OPENAI_API_KEY') ? 'available' : 'off until an OpenAI key is added',
+    voice: configured('OPENAI_API_KEY')
+      ? 'available'
+      : 'off until an OpenAI key is added, or a Codex ChatGPT sign-in is selected in Provider Settings (experimental)',
     vessels: configured('AISSTREAM_API_KEY') ? 'live AISStream feed' : 'off until an AISStream key is added',
     fires: configured('FIRMS_MAP_KEY') ? 'live NASA FIRMS feed' : 'off until a FIRMS key is added',
     traffic: configured('TOMTOM_API_KEY') ? 'live TomTom flow' : 'built-in traffic simulation',
diff --git a/server/providers/openai.js b/server/providers/openai.js
index e5d84e0a9..ad2161d6e 100644
--- a/server/providers/openai.js
+++ b/server/providers/openai.js
@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
 import { defaultSourceRoot } from './common/source-root.js';
 import { handleHudSummary } from './openai/hud-summary.js';
 import { createDebugLogHandler } from './openai/debug-log.js';
-import { createRealtimeTokenHandler } from './openai/realtime.js';
+import {
+  createRealtimeOAuthLoginHandler,
+  createRealtimeOAuthStatusHandler,
+  createRealtimeTokenHandler,
+} from './openai/realtime.js';
 import { sameSiteGated } from './common/same-site.js';
+import { createCodexOAuthLogin } from './openai/codex-auth.js';
 
 /**
  * Vite plugin: OpenAI Realtime ephemeral client secret.
  *
- * Keeps OPENAI_API_KEY server-side while the browser connects to the
- * Realtime API over WebRTC with a short-lived secret.
+ * Keeps the selected cloud credential server-side while the browser connects
+ * to the Realtime API over WebRTC with a short-lived secret.
  */
 function openAiRealtimeProxy({
   sourceRoot = defaultSourceRoot,
   annotationGuidance,
   realtime = {},
 } = {}) {
+  const oauthLogin = createCodexOAuthLogin(realtime);
   function install(middlewares) {
     // Cost-bearing and log endpoints refuse cross-site browser requests
     // (see server/providers/common/same-site.js and SECURITY.md).
@@ -31,16 +37,29 @@ function openAiRealtimeProxy({
         createRealtimeTokenHandler({ ...realtime, annotationGuidance }),
       ),
     );
+
+    middlewares.use(
+      '/api/realtime/oauth-status',
+      sameSiteGated(createRealtimeOAuthStatusHandler({ oauthLogin })),
+    );
+
+    middlewares.use(
+      '/api/realtime/oauth-login',
+      sameSiteGated(createRealtimeOAuthLoginHandler({ oauthLogin })),
+    );
   }
 
   return {
     name: 'openai-realtime-proxy',
     configureServer(server) {
       install(server.middlewares);
+      server.httpServer?.once('close', oauthLogin.dispose);
     },
     configurePreviewServer(server) {
       install(server.middlewares);
+      server.httpServer?.once('close', oauthLogin.dispose);
     },
+    closeBundle: oauthLogin.dispose,
   };
 }
 
diff --git a/server/providers/openai/codex-auth.js b/server/providers/openai/codex-auth.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f16ee824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/providers/openai/codex-auth.js
@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+import { spawn } from 'node:child_process';
+import {
+  accessSync,
+  constants as fsConstants,
+  readFileSync,
+  statSync,
+} from 'node:fs';
+import os from 'node:os';
+import path from 'node:path';
+
+export function codexAuthPath({
+  environment = process.env,
+  home = os.homedir(),
+} = {}) {
+  const explicit = String(environment.CODEX_AUTH_JSON || '').trim();
+  if (explicit) return path.resolve(explicit);
+  const codexHome = String(environment.CODEX_HOME || '').trim();
+  return path.join(
+    codexHome ? path.resolve(codexHome) : path.join(home, '.codex'),
+    'auth.json',
+  );
+}
+
+/** An optional operator lock that refuses the metered API-key voice lane. */
+export function preferCodexOAuth(environment = process.env) {
+  if (!Object.hasOwn(environment, 'GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH')) return false;
+  const value = String(environment.GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH || '')
+    .trim()
+    .toLowerCase();
+  if (['1', 'true', 'yes', 'on'].includes(value)) return true;
+  if (['0', 'false', 'no', 'off'].includes(value)) return false;
+  throw new Error(
+    'GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH must be true or false. Refusing to choose a voice auth mode.',
+  );
+}
+
+function codexOAuthError(message, code = 'CODEX_OAUTH_UNAVAILABLE') {
+  const error = new Error(message);
+  error.code = code;
+  return error;
+}
+
+export function readCodexOAuthAccessToken({
+  authPath = codexAuthPath(),
+  readFile = readFileSync,
+  statFile = statSync,
+  nowMs = Date.now(),
+} = {}) {
+  const unavailable =
+    'ChatGPT sign-in is unavailable. Sign in to Codex or the ChatGPT desktop app and try again.';
+  let parsed;
+  try {
+    parsed = JSON.parse(readFile(authPath, 'utf8'));
+  } catch {
+    throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+  }
+  if (!parsed || typeof parsed !== 'object' || Array.isArray(parsed)) {
+    throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+  }
+  const mode = String(parsed.auth_mode || '')
+    .trim()
+    .toLowerCase();
+  const chatGptMode = mode
+    ? mode === 'chatgpt' || mode === 'chatgptauthtokens'
+    : typeof parsed.OPENAI_API_KEY !== 'string';
+  const token = parsed.tokens?.access_token;
+  if (!chatGptMode || typeof token !== 'string' || !token.trim()) {
+    throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+  }
+
+  // This only checks token shape and expiry. OpenAI verifies the signature when
+  // minting the short-lived Realtime credential; we never modify auth.json.
+  const parts = token.split('.');
+  if (
+    parts.length !== 3 ||
+    parts.some((part) => !/^[A-Za-z0-9_-]+$/.test(part))
+  ) {
+    throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+  }
+  let payload;
+  try {
+    payload = JSON.parse(Buffer.from(parts[1], 'base64url').toString('utf8'));
+  } catch {
+    throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+  }
+  if (!payload || typeof payload !== 'object' || Array.isArray(payload)) {
+    throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+  }
+  let expiresAtMs;
+  if (Object.hasOwn(payload, 'exp')) {
+    if (typeof payload.exp !== 'number' || !Number.isFinite(payload.exp)) {
+      throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+    }
+    expiresAtMs = payload.exp * 1000;
+  } else {
+    try {
+      expiresAtMs = statFile(authPath).mtimeMs + 60 * 60 * 1000;
+    } catch {
+      throw codexOAuthError(unavailable);
+    }
+  }
+  if (!Number.isFinite(expiresAtMs) || expiresAtMs <= nowMs + 60_000) {
+    throw codexOAuthError(
+      'ChatGPT sign-in has expired. Re-authenticate in Provider Settings or run codex login and try again.',
+      'CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED',
+    );
+  }
+  return token;
+}
+
+export function resolveCodexExecutable({
+  environment = process.env,
+  home = os.homedir(),
+  access = accessSync,
+} = {}) {
+  const explicit = String(environment.CODEX_BIN || '').trim();
+  if (explicit) return explicit;
+
+  for (const candidate of [
+    path.join(home, '.local', 'bin', 'codex'),
+    path.join(
+      home,
+      '.codex',
+      'packages',
+      'standalone',
+      'current',
+      'bin',
+      'codex',
+    ),
+  ]) {
+    try {
+      access(candidate, fsConstants.X_OK);
+      return candidate;
+    } catch {
+      // Fall through to the next known location, then PATH.
+    }
+  }
+  return 'codex';
+}
+
+// What `codex login` needs to find its home, open a browser and reach OpenAI.
+// The server's own environment also holds every provider secret, so the
+// child receives only these names.
+const CODEX_LOGIN_ENV =
+  /^(?:PATH|PATHEXT|HOME|USER|USERNAME|LOGNAME|SHELL|LANG|LANGUAGE|LC_[A-Z_]+|TERM|TZ|TMPDIR|TEMP|TMP|XDG_[A-Z_]+|DISPLAY|WAYLAND_DISPLAY|DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS|BROWSER|WSL_[A-Z_]+|WSLENV|(?:HTTPS?|ALL|NO)_PROXY|SSL_CERT_(?:FILE|DIR)|NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS|SYSTEMROOT|WINDIR|COMSPEC|USERPROFILE|APPDATA|LOCALAPPDATA|PROGRAMDATA|HOMEDRIVE|HOMEPATH|CODEX_[A-Z_]+)$/i;
+
+/** The environment `codex login` runs with: the allowlist, then `CODEX_HOME`. */
+export function codexLoginEnvironment(environment, codexHome) {
+  const env = {};
+  for (const [name, value] of Object.entries(environment || {}))
+    if (CODEX_LOGIN_ENV.test(name) && value !== undefined) env[name] = value;
+  env.CODEX_HOME = codexHome;
+  return env;
+}
+
+export function startCodexChatGptLogin({
+  spawnImpl = spawn,
+  environment = process.env,
+  home = os.homedir(),
+  executable = resolveCodexExecutable({ environment, home }),
+} = {}) {
+  // Codex owns its credential storage. An explicit read path must agree with
+  // the CLI's write path; never silently sign in to another credential store.
+  const configuredHome = String(environment.CODEX_HOME || '').trim();
+  const loginHome = configuredHome
+    ? path.resolve(configuredHome)
+    : path.join(home, '.codex');
+  if (
+    codexAuthPath({ environment, home }) !== path.join(loginHome, 'auth.json')
+  ) {
+    return Promise.reject(
+      codexOAuthError(
+        'CODEX_AUTH_JSON does not match the Codex login storage path. Set CODEX_HOME to the matching directory or sign in to Codex separately.',
+        'CODEX_OAUTH_STORAGE_MISMATCH',
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    let child;
+    let spawned = false;
+    let finish;
+    const completion = new Promise((done) => {
+      finish = done;
+    });
+    const fail = () => {
+      reject(
+        codexOAuthError(
+          'Could not start ChatGPT sign-in. Check that Codex is installed, or set CODEX_BIN to its executable.',
+          'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED',
+        ),
+      );
+      finish({ exitCode: null });
+    };
+    try {
+      child = spawnImpl(executable, ['login'], {
+        cwd: home,
+        detached: true,
+        stdio: 'ignore',
+        env: codexLoginEnvironment(environment, loginHome),
+      });
+    } catch {
+      fail();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    child.once('error', () => {
+      if (!spawned) fail();
+      else finish({ exitCode: null });
+    });
+    child.once('exit', (exitCode) => finish({ exitCode }));
+    child.once('spawn', () => {
+      spawned = true;
+      child.unref?.();
+      resolve({
+        completion,
+        cancel() {
+          try {
+            child.kill?.('SIGTERM');
+          } catch {
+            /* Already stopped. */
+          }
+        },
+      });
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+/** One local login owner shared by the launch and status endpoints. */
+export function createCodexOAuthLogin({
+  resolveOAuthAccessToken = () => readCodexOAuthAccessToken(),
+  startOAuthLogin = () => startCodexChatGptLogin(),
+  loginTimeoutMs = 120_000,
+  setTimer = setTimeout,
+  clearTimer = clearTimeout,
+} = {}) {
+  let active = null;
+  let failure = null;
+  let disposed = false;
+
+  function credentials() {
+    try {
+      if (resolveOAuthAccessToken()) return { available: true };
+    } catch (error) {
+      const code = error?.code || 'CODEX_OAUTH_UNAVAILABLE';
+      return {
+        available: false,
+        error: error?.message || 'ChatGPT sign-in is unavailable',
+        code,
+        reauthRequired: code === 'CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED',
+      };
+    }
+    return {
+      available: false,
+      error: 'ChatGPT sign-in is unavailable',
+      code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_UNAVAILABLE',
+      reauthRequired: false,
+    };
+  }
+
+  function status() {
+    const current = credentials();
+    if (current.available) return current;
+    if (failure) return { available: false, ...failure, loginFailed: true };
+    return active ? { ...current, pending: true } : current;
+  }
+
+  function finish(attempt, error) {
+    if (active !== attempt) return;
+    clearTimer(attempt.timer);
+    active = null;
+    failure = error;
+  }
+
+  async function start() {
+    if (disposed)
+      throw codexOAuthError(
+        'ChatGPT sign-in is unavailable because the server has stopped.',
+        'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED',
+      );
+    if (credentials().available)
+      return { available: true, started: false, pending: false };
+    if (active) return { available: false, started: false, pending: true };
+
+    // Reserve the attempt before awaiting spawn so concurrent POSTs share it.
+    const attempt = { process: null, timer: null };
+    active = attempt;
+    failure = null;
+    attempt.timer = setTimer(() => {
+      finish(attempt, {
+        code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_TIMEOUT',
+        error:
+          'ChatGPT sign-in timed out. Click USE CHATGPT OAUTH to try again.',
+      });
+      attempt.process?.cancel();
+    }, loginTimeoutMs);
+    attempt.timer?.unref?.();
+
+    try {
+      const login = await startOAuthLogin();
+      if (!login?.completion || typeof login.cancel !== 'function')
+        throw new Error('Invalid login process');
+      attempt.process = login;
+      if (active !== attempt) {
+        login.cancel();
+        return { ...status(), started: false, pending: false };
+      }
+      Promise.resolve(login.completion).then(
+        (result) => {
+          if (active !== attempt) return;
+          if (result?.exitCode !== 0) {
+            finish(attempt, {
+              code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED',
+              error:
+                'ChatGPT sign-in did not complete. Try again in Provider Settings, or run codex login separately.',
+            });
+          } else if (!credentials().available) {
+            finish(attempt, {
+              code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_STORAGE_UNAVAILABLE',
+              error:
+                'Codex sign-in finished, but its configured auth.json has no usable ChatGPT token. Check CODEX_HOME and Codex credential storage. GEV can read file storage only.',
+            });
+          } else finish(attempt, null);
+        },
+        () =>
+          finish(attempt, {
+            code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED',
+            error:
+              'ChatGPT sign-in did not complete. Try again in Provider Settings.',
+          }),
+      );
+      return { available: false, started: true, pending: true };
+    } catch (error) {
+      const code =
+        error?.code === 'CODEX_OAUTH_STORAGE_MISMATCH'
+          ? error.code
+          : 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED';
+      finish(attempt, {
+        code,
+        error:
+          code === 'CODEX_OAUTH_STORAGE_MISMATCH'
+            ? error.message
+            : 'Could not start ChatGPT sign-in. Check that Codex is installed, or set CODEX_BIN to its executable.',
+      });
+      return { ...status(), started: false, pending: false };
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    status,
+    start,
+    dispose() {
+      disposed = true;
+      if (!active) return;
+      const attempt = active;
+      finish(attempt, null);
+      attempt.process?.cancel();
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/server/providers/openai/realtime.js b/server/providers/openai/realtime.js
index b99f6c51f..6823c918d 100644
--- a/server/providers/openai/realtime.js
+++ b/server/providers/openai/realtime.js
@@ -14,12 +14,126 @@ import {
 } from './constants.js';
 import { realtimeInstructions } from './instructions.js';
 import { GEV_REALTIME_TOOLS } from './tools.js';
+import {
+  preferCodexOAuth,
+  readCodexOAuthAccessToken,
+  createCodexOAuthLogin,
+} from './codex-auth.js';
+
+const LOOPBACK_ADDRESSES = new Set(['127.0.0.1', '::1', '::ffff:127.0.0.1']);
+
+function isLoopbackRequest(req) {
+  return LOOPBACK_ADDRESSES.has(String(req.socket?.remoteAddress || ''));
+}
+
+function isSameOriginRequest(req) {
+  const origin = String(req.headers?.origin || '').trim();
+  if (!origin) return true;
+  const host = String(req.headers?.host || '').trim();
+  if (!host) return false;
+  const protocol = req.socket?.encrypted ? 'https:' : 'http:';
+  try {
+    return new URL(origin).origin === new URL(`${protocol}//${host}`).origin;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+function requestQuery(req) {
+  try {
+    return new URL(req.url || '', 'http://localhost').searchParams;
+  } catch {
+    return new URLSearchParams();
+  }
+}
+
+function resolveRealtimeAuthMode(query) {
+  const requested = String(query.get('auth') || 'api-key').toLowerCase();
+  if (requested === 'api-key' || requested === 'oauth') return requested;
+  return null;
+}
+
+function createRealtimeOAuthStatusHandler({
+  oauthLogin = createCodexOAuthLogin(),
+} = {}) {
+  return (req, res) => {
+    res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-store');
+    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+    if (req.method !== 'GET') {
+      res.statusCode = 405;
+      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'Method not allowed' }));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!isLoopbackRequest(req)) {
+      res.statusCode = 403;
+      res.end(
+        JSON.stringify({
+          available: false,
+          error: 'ChatGPT OAuth is available only from this machine',
+        }),
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+    res.statusCode = 200;
+    res.end(JSON.stringify(oauthLogin.status()));
+  };
+}
+
+function createRealtimeOAuthLoginHandler({
+  oauthLogin = createCodexOAuthLogin(),
+} = {}) {
+  return async (req, res) => {
+    res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-store');
+    res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+    if (req.method !== 'POST') {
+      res.statusCode = 405;
+      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'Method not allowed' }));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!isLoopbackRequest(req)) {
+      res.statusCode = 403;
+      res.end(
+        JSON.stringify({
+          available: false,
+          error: 'ChatGPT OAuth sign-in is available only from this machine',
+        }),
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!isSameOriginRequest(req)) {
+      res.statusCode = 403;
+      res.end(
+        JSON.stringify({
+          available: false,
+          error: 'Cross-origin ChatGPT OAuth sign-in is not allowed',
+        }),
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      const result = await oauthLogin.start();
+      res.statusCode = result.available ? 200 : result.loginFailed ? 503 : 202;
+      res.end(JSON.stringify(result));
+    } catch {
+      res.statusCode = 503;
+      res.end(
+        JSON.stringify({
+          available: false,
+          error: 'Could not start ChatGPT sign-in',
+        }),
+      );
+    }
+  };
+}
 
 function createRealtimeTokenHandler({
   annotationGuidance,
   endpoint = 'https://api.openai.com/v1/realtime/client_secrets',
   fetchImpl = (...args) => fetch(...args),
   resolveApiKey = () => process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY,
+  resolveOAuthAccessToken = () => readCodexOAuthAccessToken(),
+  environment = process.env,
   models = {},
   tools = GEV_REALTIME_TOOLS,
 } = {}) {
@@ -32,15 +146,84 @@ function createRealtimeTokenHandler({
       return;
     }
 
+    const query = requestQuery(req);
+    const authMode = resolveRealtimeAuthMode(query);
+    if (!authMode) {
+      res.statusCode = 400;
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'Unsupported cloud voice auth mode' }));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    let oauthPinned;
+    try {
+      oauthPinned = preferCodexOAuth(environment);
+    } catch (error) {
+      res.statusCode = 503;
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: error.message }));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (oauthPinned && authMode !== 'oauth') {
+      res.statusCode = 503;
+      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+      res.end(
+        JSON.stringify({
+          error:
+            'ChatGPT OAuth is required by GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH. Select USE CHATGPT OAUTH in Provider Settings.',
+          code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_REQUIRED',
+        }),
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+
     // Per-IP throttle (GEV_RATELIMIT_OPENAI_PER_MIN). On by default; 0 disables.
     if (!enforceRateLimit(openAiRateLimiter(), req, res)) return;
 
-    const apiKey = resolveApiKey();
-    if (!apiKey) {
-      res.statusCode = 503;
-      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
-      res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'OPENAI_API_KEY is not set' }));
-      return;
+    let bearer;
+    if (authMode === 'oauth') {
+      if (!isLoopbackRequest(req)) {
+        res.statusCode = 403;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+        res.end(
+          JSON.stringify({
+            error: 'ChatGPT OAuth voice is available only from this machine',
+          }),
+        );
+        return;
+      }
+      try {
+        bearer = resolveOAuthAccessToken();
+      } catch (error) {
+        res.statusCode = 503;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+        res.end(
+          JSON.stringify({
+            error: error?.message || 'ChatGPT sign-in is unavailable',
+            code: error?.code || 'CODEX_OAUTH_UNAVAILABLE',
+          }),
+        );
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!bearer) {
+        res.statusCode = 503;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+        res.end(
+          JSON.stringify({
+            error: 'ChatGPT sign-in is unavailable',
+            code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_UNAVAILABLE',
+          }),
+        );
+        return;
+      }
+    } else {
+      bearer = resolveApiKey();
+      if (!bearer) {
+        res.statusCode = 503;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+        res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: 'OPENAI_API_KEY is not set' }));
+        return;
+      }
     }
 
     // Voice model tier, requested by the client as ?tier=standard|mini.
@@ -49,15 +232,7 @@ function createRealtimeTokenHandler({
     // bad querystring degrades to a normal session rather than a dead mic.
     // The env overrides stay authoritative per tier (see .env.example) —
     // a wrong upstream model id is then a config fix, not a code change.
-    const requestedTier = (() => {
-      try {
-        return new URL(req.url || '', 'http://localhost').searchParams.get(
-          'tier',
-        );
-      } catch {
-        return null;
-      }
-    })();
+    const requestedTier = query.get('tier');
     const tier = resolveVoiceModel(requestedTier).tier;
     const model =
       tier === 'mini'
@@ -135,7 +310,7 @@ function createRealtimeTokenHandler({
         redirect: 'error',
         signal: AbortSignal.timeout(30_000),
         headers: {
-          Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
+          Authorization: `Bearer ${bearer}`,
           'Content-Type': 'application/json',
           'OpenAI-Safety-Identifier': 'gev-local-dev',
         },
@@ -149,6 +324,10 @@ function createRealtimeTokenHandler({
       // case where a bogus ?tier= was silently downgraded to standard.
       res.setHeader('X-GEV-Voice-Tier', tier);
       res.setHeader('X-GEV-Voice-Model', model);
+      res.setHeader(
+        'X-GEV-Voice-Auth',
+        authMode === 'oauth' ? 'codex-oauth' : 'env',
+      );
       // Captions are billed separately; the client meters them with this id.
       res.setHeader(
         'X-GEV-Voice-Transcribe-Model',
@@ -183,4 +362,8 @@ function createRealtimeTokenHandler({
   };
 }
 
-export { createRealtimeTokenHandler };
+export {
+  createRealtimeOAuthLoginHandler,
+  createRealtimeOAuthStatusHandler,
+  createRealtimeTokenHandler,
+};
diff --git a/src/app/catalog.test.mjs b/src/app/catalog.test.mjs
index fc51c7fcd..ff6d73db5 100644
--- a/src/app/catalog.test.mjs
+++ b/src/app/catalog.test.mjs
@@ -65,13 +65,28 @@ test('data setup seals the caller catalog before controls can restore and drains
         },
       },
     },
-    catalog: createLayerCatalog(layers, metadata(layers)),
+    catalog: {
+      ...createLayerCatalog(layers, metadata(layers)),
+      getSourceAvailability: (id) =>
+        id === 'one'
+          ? {
+              available: false,
+              reason: 'One: data source not configured',
+            }
+          : undefined,
+    },
     defer: (release) => releases.push(release),
     onData: (manager) => {
       observed = manager;
     },
   });
   assert.equal(observed, dataManager);
+  assert.equal(await dataManager.setEnabled('one', true), false);
+  assert.equal(dataManager.layers.get('one').initialized, false);
+  assert.equal(
+    dataManager.getAll().find(({ id }) => id === 'one').stats.error,
+    'One: data source not configured',
+  );
   assert.deepEqual(attached, [['one', 'two']]);
   assert.deepEqual([...dataManager.layers.keys()], ['one', 'two']);
   assert.throws(() => dataManager.register({ id: 'late' }), /finalized/);
diff --git a/src/app/constructCatalog.js b/src/app/constructCatalog.js
index 0a8ef4fe8..80315fe85 100644
--- a/src/app/constructCatalog.js
+++ b/src/app/constructCatalog.js
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
+import { resolveCatalogSources } from './sourceComposition.js';
 import { createWeatherClock } from '../layers/weather/clock.js';
 import { createWeatherLayer } from '../layers/weather/index.js';
 import { createCyclonesLayer } from '../layers/cyclones/index.js';
 import { createWindLayer } from '../layers/wind/index.js';
 import { createLayerCatalog } from './catalog.js';
-import { MAPILLARY_SOURCE_METHODS } from '../layers/streetLevel/providers/mapillary/policy.js';
 import { LAYER_STATE_REGISTRY } from '../data/layerState.js';
 import { createMilitaryRegistry } from '../layers/aircraft/classification.js';
 import { createApplicationFlights } from './layers/flights.js';
@@ -32,34 +32,6 @@ import { localGeoJsonServices } from './localGeojsonServices.js';
 import { createBhoteKoshiEventLayer } from '../data/bhoteKoshiEvent.js';
 import { createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer } from '../data/bhoteKoshiLocator.js';
 
-const SOURCE_METHODS = Object.freeze({
-  flights: ['getSnapshot'],
-  military: ['getSnapshot'],
-  vessels: ['getSnapshot'],
-  cctv: ['getCatalog', 'getHealth', 'getFrameUrl', 'getMediaUrl'],
-  radio: ['getDirectory', 'recordClick'],
-  traffic: [
-    'requestRoads',
-    'getStatus',
-    'fetchFlowForBounds',
-    'getFlowSessionStats',
-    'resetFlowTileCache',
-  ],
-  bikeshare: ['getStations'],
-  installations: ['getMappedSites', 'searchNearby'],
-  satellites: ['readGroup'],
-  launches: ['getLaunches', 'getActiveTle'],
-  alpr: ['fetch'],
-  firms: ['getSnapshot'],
-  wind: ['getSnapshot'],
-  weather: ['getSnapshot'],
-  cyclones: ['getSnapshot'],
-  earthquakes: ['getSnapshot'],
-  'fire-perimeters': ['getSnapshot'],
-  cables: ['fetch'],
-  mapillary: MAPILLARY_SOURCE_METHODS,
-});
-
 /**
  * Hardware-local layers are registered like any other but never enter share
  * links or stored layer state: another browser cannot have this receiver.
@@ -86,6 +58,7 @@ export function createApplicationCatalog({
   vesselOptions,
   resolveAsset,
   nepalBoundaryResolver,
+  streetLevelProviders,
 }) {
   if (!signal?.addEventListener)
     throw new TypeError('An application lifetime signal is required');
@@ -93,12 +66,8 @@ export function createApplicationCatalog({
   if (!surface?.groundFloor || !surface?.terrain)
     throw new TypeError('Application surface services are required');
 
-  for (const [name, methods] of Object.entries(SOURCE_METHODS)) {
-    if (
-      methods.some((method) => typeof sources?.[name]?.[method] !== 'function')
-    )
-      throw new TypeError(`Invalid catalog source: ${name}`);
-  }
+  const sourceComposition = resolveCatalogSources(sources);
+  sources = sourceComposition.sources;
   const militaryRegistry = createMilitaryRegistry();
   const weatherClock = createWeatherClock();
   const dispose = () => {
@@ -108,7 +77,8 @@ export function createApplicationCatalog({
   };
   signal.addEventListener('abort', dispose, { once: true });
   try {
-    militaryRegistry.configureSource(sources.military, { signal });
+    if (sourceComposition.isConfigured('military'))
+      militaryRegistry.configureSource(sources.military, { signal });
     const flights = createApplicationFlights({
       surface,
       source: sources.flights,
@@ -154,6 +124,7 @@ export function createApplicationCatalog({
         createApplicationStreetLevel({
           surface,
           sources: { mapillary: sources.mapillary },
+          providers: streetLevelProviders,
         }),
         satellites,
         createApplicationLaunches({ source: sources.launches, satellites }),
@@ -162,8 +133,8 @@ export function createApplicationCatalog({
         createApplicationRadio({ surface, source: sources.radio }),
         createApplicationTransit({ surface, source: sources.transit }),
         createApplicationBikeshare({ source: sources.bikeshare }),
-        createApplicationDirections(),
-        createApplicationRecentImagery(),
+        createApplicationDirections({ source: sources.directions }),
+        createApplicationRecentImagery({ source: sources['recent-imagery'] }),
         vessels,
         installations,
         createApplicationAwareness({
@@ -204,6 +175,9 @@ export function createApplicationCatalog({
     );
     return Object.freeze({
       ...catalog,
+      getSourceAvailability: sourceComposition.createAvailabilityLookup(
+        catalog.layers,
+      ),
       militaryRegistry,
       surface,
       weatherClock,
diff --git a/src/app/constructCatalog.test.mjs b/src/app/constructCatalog.test.mjs
index 3a802edbe..f42e82c7c 100644
--- a/src/app/constructCatalog.test.mjs
+++ b/src/app/constructCatalog.test.mjs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { createApplicationCatalog } from './constructCatalog.js';
 import { createStandaloneLayerSources } from '../standalone/layerSources.js';
 import { catalogControlServices } from './catalog.js';
 import { LayerLifecycle } from '../data/lifecycle.js';
+import { fakeStreetLevelProvider } from '../testSupport/streetLevelFakes.mjs';
 
 function fixtureSources(ids, calls) {
   const sources = createStandaloneLayerSources();
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ test('invalid or already cancelled construction fails before classification can
   assert.throws(
     () =>
       createApplicationCatalog({
-        sources: {},
+        sources: { flights: {} },
         signal: lifetime.signal,
         surface: fixtureSurface(lifetime.signal),
       }),
@@ -140,3 +141,53 @@ function fixtureSurface(signal) {
     eventTarget: null,
   });
 }
+
+test('Mapillary can be omitted or replaced without changing catalog membership', (t) => {
+  const lifetime = new AbortController();
+  t.after(() => lifetime.abort());
+  const sources = fixtureSources([], []);
+  delete sources.mapillary;
+  const options = {
+    sources,
+    signal: lifetime.signal,
+    surface: fixtureSurface(lifetime.signal),
+  };
+  const catalog = createApplicationCatalog(options);
+  assert.equal(catalog.layers.length, 30);
+  assert.deepEqual(catalog.get('street-level').providerIds, []);
+  assert.equal(
+    catalogControlServices(catalog).streetLevelLayer,
+    catalog.get('street-level'),
+  );
+  assert.match(
+    catalog.get('street-level').getUIState().coverage.hint,
+    /No street-level imagery providers/,
+  );
+  const provider = fakeStreetLevelProvider({
+    id: 'example',
+    pickPrefix: 'example:',
+  });
+  const replacement = createApplicationCatalog({
+    ...options,
+    streetLevelProviders: [provider],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(replacement.get('street-level').providerIds, ['example']);
+  assert.deepEqual(replacement.metadata, catalog.metadata);
+  assert.equal(provider.calls.activate, 0, 'construction must not acquire');
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    createApplicationCatalog({
+      ...options,
+      sources: fixtureSources([], []),
+      streetLevelProviders: [],
+    }).get('street-level').providerIds,
+    [],
+  );
+  assert.throws(
+    () =>
+      createApplicationCatalog({
+        ...options,
+        sources: { ...sources, mapillary: {} },
+      }),
+    /Mapillary source/,
+  );
+});
diff --git a/src/app/data.js b/src/app/data.js
index 85a3183fc..ce3ad0731 100644
--- a/src/app/data.js
+++ b/src/app/data.js
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ export function createApplicationData({
   // Initialize data layer manager
   const dataManager = new LayerLifecycle(viewer, {
     allowQaRegistration,
+    getSourceAvailability: catalog?.getSourceAvailability,
   });
   defer(async () => {
     await dataManager.destroyAll();
diff --git a/src/app/layers/directions.js b/src/app/layers/directions.js
index 1e535fc88..8b16c5cff 100644
--- a/src/app/layers/directions.js
+++ b/src/app/layers/directions.js
@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 import { createApplicationDirectionsLayer } from '../../data/directions.js';
 
-/**
- * Construct one Directions layer using the application scene owners.
- *
- * It takes no data source: a route is fetched from `/api/route` when the
- * operator places both endpoints, so there is nothing to supply up front.
- * @returns {object} A fresh layer instance for this catalog.
- */
-export function createApplicationDirections() {
-  return createApplicationDirectionsLayer();
+/** Construct Directions with application scene owners and an explicit route source. */
+export function createApplicationDirections({ source }) {
+  return createApplicationDirectionsLayer({ source });
 }
diff --git a/src/app/layers/recentImagery.js b/src/app/layers/recentImagery.js
index 1de4b22d4..cc4659727 100644
--- a/src/app/layers/recentImagery.js
+++ b/src/app/layers/recentImagery.js
@@ -3,17 +3,17 @@ import { createRecentImageryRenderer } from '../../layers/recentImagery/renderin
 import { createThumbnailLoader } from '../../layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js';
 import { governorRequestRender } from '../../renderGovernor.js';
 
-/**
- * Construct the Recent Imagery layer with the real GIBS renderer and the
- * browser thumbnail loader. It takes no data source: the catalog is NASA
- * CMR and the tiles are GIBS, both browser-direct and keyless.
- * @returns {object} A fresh layer instance for this catalog.
- */
-export function createApplicationRecentImagery() {
+/** Construct imagery presentation over one explicitly supplied acquisition source. */
+export function createApplicationRecentImagery({ source }) {
   return createRecentImageryLayer({
+    catalog: { searchHls: (...args) => source.searchHls(...args) },
     renderer: createRecentImageryRenderer({
       requestRender: governorRequestRender,
+      tileTemplate: (...args) => source.getTileTemplate(...args),
+      credit: source.credit || source.label || 'Imagery',
+    }),
+    thumbnails: createThumbnailLoader({
+      requestThumbnail: (...args) => source.getThumbnail(...args),
     }),
-    thumbnails: createThumbnailLoader(),
   });
 }
diff --git a/src/app/layers/streetLevel.js b/src/app/layers/streetLevel.js
index 56ba06590..18a3e7a3b 100644
--- a/src/app/layers/streetLevel.js
+++ b/src/app/layers/streetLevel.js
@@ -5,10 +5,20 @@ import * as picking from '../../data/pickRegistry.js';
 import * as input from '../../data/inputOwnership.js';
 import * as render from '../../renderGovernor.js';
 
-/** A new provider registers here; its chip, credit and share bit follow. */
-export function createApplicationStreetLevel({ surface, sources }) {
+/**
+ * Inject providers, or use Mapillary only when its source is supplied.
+ * An explicit provider list replaces the default; unused sources.mapillary is
+ * neither constructed nor validated, including when the list is empty.
+ */
+export function createApplicationStreetLevel({
+  surface,
+  sources = {},
+  providers = sources.mapillary == null
+    ? []
+    : [createMapillaryProvider({ source: sources.mapillary })],
+}) {
   return createStreetLevelLayer({
-    providers: [createMapillaryProvider({ source: sources.mapillary })],
+    providers,
     services: {
       sprites,
       picking,
diff --git a/src/app/layers/streetLevel.test.mjs b/src/app/layers/streetLevel.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..99f356599
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/app/layers/streetLevel.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { createApplicationStreetLevel } from './streetLevel.js';
+import { fakeStreetLevelProvider } from '../../testSupport/streetLevelFakes.mjs';
+
+test('explicit providers replace the default source and an empty list removes it', () => {
+  const sources = { mapillary: {} };
+  const provider = fakeStreetLevelProvider({
+    id: 'example',
+    pickPrefix: 'example:',
+  });
+  const layer = createApplicationStreetLevel({
+    sources,
+    providers: [provider],
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.providerIds, ['example']);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    createApplicationStreetLevel({ sources, providers: [] }).providerIds,
+    [],
+  );
+  assert.throws(
+    () => createApplicationStreetLevel({ sources }),
+    /Mapillary source/,
+  );
+  assert.throws(
+    () => createApplicationStreetLevel({ providers: null }),
+    /array/,
+  );
+});
diff --git a/src/app/sourceComposition.js b/src/app/sourceComposition.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14c864ac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/app/sourceComposition.js
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+const contract = (layers, methods) =>
+  Object.freeze({
+    layers: Object.freeze(layers),
+    methods: Object.freeze(methods),
+  });
+
+/** Acquisition contracts and their consumers; records remain family-specific. */
+export const CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS = Object.freeze({
+  directions: contract(['directions'], ['getRoute']),
+  'recent-imagery': contract(
+    ['recent-imagery'],
+    ['searchHls', 'getThumbnail', 'getTileTemplate'],
+  ),
+  flights: contract(['flights'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  military: contract(['military'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  vessels: contract(['ais-live-vessels'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  cctv: contract(
+    ['cctv'],
+    ['getCatalog', 'getHealth', 'getFrameUrl', 'getMediaUrl'],
+  ),
+  radio: contract(['radio'], ['getDirectory', 'recordClick']),
+  traffic: contract(
+    ['traffic'],
+    [
+      'requestRoads',
+      'getStatus',
+      'fetchFlowForBounds',
+      'getFlowSessionStats',
+      'resetFlowTileCache',
+    ],
+  ),
+  bikeshare: contract(['bikeshare'], ['getStations']),
+  installations: contract(
+    ['military-installations'],
+    ['getMappedSites', 'searchNearby'],
+  ),
+  satellites: contract(['satellites'], ['readGroup']),
+  launches: contract(['rocket-launches'], ['getLaunches', 'getActiveTle']),
+  alpr: contract(['alpr-cameras'], ['fetch']),
+  firms: contract(['local-firms'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  wind: contract(['wind'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  weather: contract(
+    ['weather-radar', 'weather-satellite', 'weather-lightning'],
+    ['getSnapshot'],
+  ),
+  cyclones: contract(['weather-cyclones'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  earthquakes: contract(['earthquakes'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  'fire-perimeters': contract(['fire-perimeters'], ['getSnapshot']),
+  cables: contract(['telegeography-submarine-cables'], ['fetch']),
+  transit: contract(['transit'], ['requestSnapshot', 'getHistory']),
+});
+
+/** An omitted provider is unavailable, never an authoritative empty dataset. */
+export class SourceUnavailableError extends Error {
+  constructor(name) {
+    super(`Data source not configured: ${name}`);
+    this.name = 'SourceUnavailableError';
+    this.code = 'unavailable';
+    this.unavailable = true;
+    this.retryable = false;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Validate supplied contracts and keep omitted sources inert during construction. */
+export function resolveCatalogSources(supplied = {}) {
+  if (!supplied || typeof supplied !== 'object' || Array.isArray(supplied))
+    throw new TypeError('Catalog sources must be an object');
+  const sources = { ...supplied };
+  const missing = new Set();
+  for (const [name, { methods }] of Object.entries(CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS)) {
+    const source = sources[name];
+    if (source == null) {
+      missing.add(name);
+      const unavailable = () => {
+        throw new SourceUnavailableError(name);
+      };
+      sources[name] = Object.freeze({
+        label: name,
+        ...Object.fromEntries(methods.map((method) => [method, unavailable])),
+      });
+    } else if (methods.some((method) => typeof source[method] !== 'function')) {
+      throw new TypeError(`Invalid catalog source: ${name}`);
+    }
+  }
+  return {
+    sources,
+    isConfigured: (name) => !missing.has(name),
+    createAvailabilityLookup(layers) {
+      const byId = new Map(layers.map((layer) => [layer.id, layer]));
+      const availability = new Map();
+      for (const [name, { layers: ids }] of Object.entries(
+        CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS,
+      )) {
+        for (const id of ids) {
+          const layer = byId.get(id);
+          if (!layer) throw new Error(`Missing source consumer: ${id}`);
+          availability.set(
+            id,
+            Object.freeze({
+              available: !missing.has(name),
+              source: name,
+              reason: missing.has(name)
+                ? `${layer.name || id}: data source not configured`
+                : null,
+            }),
+          );
+        }
+      }
+      return (id) =>
+        availability.get(id) ?? byId.get(id)?.getSourceAvailability?.();
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/app/sourceComposition.test.mjs b/src/app/sourceComposition.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..44a7c8fa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/app/sourceComposition.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import {
+  resolveCatalogSources,
+  CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS,
+} from './sourceComposition.js';
+import { createApplicationCatalog } from './constructCatalog.js';
+import { createSurfaceServices } from './surfaceServices.js';
+import { createStandaloneLayerSources } from '../standalone/layerSources.js';
+import { LayerLifecycle } from '../data/lifecycle.js';
+
+function catalog(sources, t) {
+  const lifetime = new AbortController();
+  t.after(() => lifetime.abort());
+  return createApplicationCatalog({
+    sources,
+    signal: lifetime.signal,
+    surface: createSurfaceServices({
+      terrainSource: { getHeights: async () => [] },
+      signal: lifetime.signal,
+      eventTarget: null,
+    }),
+  });
+}
+
+test('every acquisition source can be omitted without losing catalog membership', (t) => {
+  const baseline = catalog(createStandaloneLayerSources(), t);
+  for (const name of Object.keys(CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS)) {
+    const sources = createStandaloneLayerSources({ [name]: null });
+    const actual = catalog(sources, t);
+    assert.deepEqual(actual.metadata, baseline.metadata, name);
+    for (const id of CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS[name].layers) {
+      assert.equal(actual.getSourceAvailability(id).available, false, id);
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+test('all acquisition sources may be absent, and enable fails before initializing or fetching', async (t) => {
+  const actual = catalog({}, t);
+  assert.equal(actual.layers.length, 30);
+  const manager = new LayerLifecycle(
+    {},
+    { getSourceAvailability: actual.getSourceAvailability },
+  );
+  for (const layer of actual.layers) manager.register(layer);
+  for (const { layers: ids } of Object.values(CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS)) {
+    for (const id of ids) {
+      assert.equal(await manager.setEnabled(id, true), false, id);
+      assert.equal(manager.layers.get(id).initialized, false, id);
+      const row = manager.getAll().find((entry) => entry.id === id);
+      assert.equal(row.enabled, false);
+      assert.equal(row.stats.status, 'unavailable');
+      assert.match(row.stats.error, /data source not configured/);
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+test('configured sources retain identity; invalid implementations never become unavailable silently', () => {
+  const source = { getSnapshot: async () => [] };
+  assert.equal(
+    resolveCatalogSources({ earthquakes: source }).sources.earthquakes,
+    source,
+  );
+  for (const name of Object.keys(CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS)) {
+    assert.throws(
+      () => resolveCatalogSources({ [name]: {} }),
+      /Invalid catalog source/,
+    );
+  }
+  const missing = resolveCatalogSources({}).sources.earthquakes;
+  assert.throws(() => missing.getSnapshot(), { code: 'unavailable' });
+});
+
+test('standalone defaults allow exact replacements and explicit removal, and reject typos', () => {
+  const source = { getSnapshot: async () => [] };
+  const sources = createStandaloneLayerSources({
+    flights: source,
+    military: null,
+  });
+  assert.equal(sources.flights, source);
+  assert.equal(sources.military, null);
+  assert.equal(typeof sources.cctv.getCatalog, 'function');
+  assert.throws(
+    () => createStandaloneLayerSources({ fligts: source }),
+    /Unknown source/,
+  );
+});
+
+test('empty Street Level uses the shared unavailable lifecycle without initialization', async (t) => {
+  const actual = catalog({}, t);
+  const manager = new LayerLifecycle(
+    {},
+    { getSourceAvailability: actual.getSourceAvailability },
+  );
+  manager.register(actual.get('street-level'));
+  assert.equal(await manager.setEnabled('street-level', true), false);
+  assert.equal(manager.layers.get('street-level').initialized, false);
+  const row = manager.getAll()[0];
+  assert.equal(row.stats.status, 'unavailable');
+  assert.equal(row.stats.error, 'No street-level imagery providers configured');
+  assert.equal(await manager.setEnabled('street-level', false), true);
+  const configured = catalog(createStandaloneLayerSources(), t);
+  assert.equal(
+    configured.get('street-level').getSourceAvailability().available,
+    true,
+  );
+});
+
+test('availability lookup accepts frozen layers and uses their display names', () => {
+  const composition = resolveCatalogSources({});
+  const layers = Object.values(CATALOG_SOURCE_CONTRACTS)
+    .flatMap(({ layers }) => layers)
+    .map((id) =>
+      Object.freeze({
+        id,
+        name: id === 'fire-perimeters' ? 'Fire perimeters' : id,
+      }),
+    );
+  const lookup = composition.createAvailabilityLookup(layers);
+  assert.equal(
+    lookup('fire-perimeters').reason,
+    'Fire perimeters: data source not configured',
+  );
+  assert.equal(Object.hasOwn(layers[0], 'getSourceAvailability'), false);
+  const manager = new LayerLifecycle({}, { getSourceAvailability: lookup });
+  manager.register(layers.find(({ id }) => id === 'fire-perimeters'));
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.getAll()[0].stats.error,
+    'Fire perimeters: data source not configured',
+  );
+});
+
+test('absent military acquisition does not poll, suppress flights, or erase supplied classification', async (t) => {
+  let fetches = 0;
+  t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => {
+    fetches++;
+    throw new Error('Unexpected fallback acquisition');
+  });
+  const actual = catalog(createStandaloneLayerSources({ military: null }), t);
+  const registry = actual.militaryRegistry;
+  assert.equal(actual.getSourceAvailability('flights').available, true);
+  assert.equal(registry.isMilitaryLayerActive(), false);
+  assert.equal(registry.isMilitaryIcao('abc123'), false);
+  registry.registerMilitaryIcaos([' ABC123 ']);
+  await registry.refreshMilitaryRegistryIfStale();
+  assert.equal(registry.isMilitaryIcao('abc123'), true);
+  assert.equal(registry.isMilitaryIcao('def456'), false);
+  const manager = new LayerLifecycle(
+    {},
+    { getSourceAvailability: actual.getSourceAvailability },
+  );
+  manager.register(actual.get('military'));
+  assert.equal(await manager.setEnabled('military', true), false);
+  assert.equal(registry.isMilitaryLayerActive(), false);
+  assert.equal(fetches, 0);
+});
diff --git a/src/codexOauthRealtime.test.mjs b/src/codexOauthRealtime.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..07e1a7dcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/codexOauthRealtime.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import {
+  codexAuthPath,
+  preferCodexOAuth,
+  readCodexOAuthAccessToken,
+  resolveCodexExecutable,
+  startCodexChatGptLogin,
+} from '../server/providers/openai/codex-auth.js';
+
+const nowMs = Date.UTC(2026, 8, 27);
+const jwt = (payload) =>
+  `${Buffer.from('{}').toString('base64url')}.${Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(payload)).toString('base64url')}.signature`;
+const auth = (token, extras = {}) =>
+  JSON.stringify({
+    auth_mode: 'chatgpt',
+    tokens: { access_token: token, refresh_token: 'refresh-fixture' },
+    ...extras,
+  });
+
+test('optional Codex OAuth pin fails closed on ambiguous values', () => {
+  assert.equal(preferCodexOAuth({}), false);
+  assert.equal(preferCodexOAuth({ GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH: 'true' }), true);
+  assert.equal(preferCodexOAuth({ GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH: 'off' }), false);
+  assert.throws(
+    () => preferCodexOAuth({ GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH: 'maybe' }),
+    /must be true or false/,
+  );
+});
+
+test('Codex auth path follows explicit auth file, CODEX_HOME, then home directory', () => {
+  assert.equal(
+    codexAuthPath({
+      environment: { CODEX_AUTH_JSON: '/tmp/custom-auth.json' },
+      home: '/home/fixture',
+    }),
+    path.resolve('/tmp/custom-auth.json'),
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    codexAuthPath({
+      environment: { CODEX_HOME: '/tmp/codex-home' },
+      home: '/home/fixture',
+    }),
+    path.join(path.resolve('/tmp/codex-home'), 'auth.json'),
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    codexAuthPath({ environment: {}, home: '/home/fixture' }),
+    path.join('/home/fixture', '.codex', 'auth.json'),
+  );
+});
+
+test('Codex OAuth reader accepts a current ChatGPT token and rejects unusable credentials', () => {
+  const current = jwt({ exp: nowMs / 1000 + 3600 });
+  assert.equal(
+    readCodexOAuthAccessToken({
+      authPath: '/unused',
+      nowMs,
+      readFile: () => auth(current),
+    }),
+    current,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    readCodexOAuthAccessToken({
+      authPath: '/unused',
+      nowMs,
+      readFile: () =>
+        JSON.stringify({
+          auth_mode: 'chatgpt',
+          tokens: { access_token: current },
+        }),
+    }),
+    current,
+    'GEV does not require or consume the vendor refresh token',
+  );
+  for (const readFile of [
+    () => '{bad json',
+    () => JSON.stringify({ tokens: {} }),
+    () => auth(current, { auth_mode: 'apikey' }),
+    () =>
+      JSON.stringify({
+        OPENAI_API_KEY: 'sk-fixture',
+        tokens: { access_token: current, refresh_token: 'refresh-fixture' },
+      }),
+    () => auth('opaque-token'),
+    () => auth('header.not-json.signature'),
+    () => auth(jwt({ exp: 'tomorrow' })),
+    () => {
+      throw new Error('missing');
+    },
+  ]) {
+    assert.throws(
+      () => readCodexOAuthAccessToken({ authPath: '/unused', readFile, nowMs }),
+      /ChatGPT sign-in is unavailable/,
+    );
+  }
+});
+
+test('Codex OAuth reader enforces expiry margin and bounds tokens without exp by file age', () => {
+  for (const exp of [nowMs / 1000 - 1, nowMs / 1000 + 59]) {
+    assert.throws(
+      () => {
+        readCodexOAuthAccessToken({
+          authPath: '/unused',
+          nowMs,
+          readFile: () => auth(jwt({ exp })),
+        });
+      },
+      (error) => {
+        assert.match(error.message, /sign-in has expired/);
+        assert.equal(error.code, 'CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED');
+        return true;
+      },
+    );
+  }
+  const noExp = jwt({ sub: 'fixture' });
+  const base = { authPath: '/unused', nowMs, readFile: () => auth(noExp) };
+  assert.equal(
+    readCodexOAuthAccessToken({
+      ...base,
+      statFile: () => ({ mtimeMs: nowMs }),
+    }),
+    noExp,
+  );
+  assert.throws(
+    () =>
+      readCodexOAuthAccessToken({
+        ...base,
+        statFile: () => ({ mtimeMs: nowMs - 3600_000 }),
+      }),
+    /sign-in has expired/,
+  );
+  assert.throws(
+    () =>
+      readCodexOAuthAccessToken({
+        ...base,
+        statFile: () => {
+          throw new Error('missing');
+        },
+      }),
+    /sign-in is unavailable/,
+  );
+});
+
+test('Codex login resolves an installed executable before PATH and starts browser auth detached', async () => {
+  const checked = [];
+  assert.equal(
+    resolveCodexExecutable({
+      environment: {},
+      home: '/home/fixture',
+      access(candidate) {
+        checked.push(candidate);
+        if (candidate.endsWith('/.local/bin/codex')) return;
+        throw new Error('missing');
+      },
+    }),
+    path.join('/home/fixture', '.local', 'bin', 'codex'),
+  );
+  assert.equal(checked.length, 1);
+
+  const child = new EventEmitter();
+  let unref = 0;
+  child.unref = () => {
+    unref += 1;
+  };
+  const calls = [];
+  const pending = startCodexChatGptLogin({
+    executable: '/fixture/codex',
+    home: '/home/fixture',
+    environment: {
+      PATH: '/fixture',
+      https_proxy: 'http://proxy.fixture:8080',
+      OPENAI_API_KEY: 'fixture-api-key',
+      GOOGLE_MAPS_SERVER_API_KEY: 'fixture-google-key',
+      OPENSKY_CLIENT_SECRET: 'fixture-opensky-secret',
+    },
+    spawnImpl(command, args, options) {
+      calls.push({ command, args, options });
+      queueMicrotask(() => child.emit('spawn'));
+      return child;
+    },
+  });
+  const login = await pending;
+  assert.equal(unref, 1);
+  assert.equal(calls[0].command, '/fixture/codex');
+  assert.deepEqual(calls[0].args, ['login']);
+  assert.equal(calls[0].options.detached, true);
+  assert.equal(calls[0].options.stdio, 'ignore');
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    calls[0].options.env,
+    {
+      PATH: '/fixture',
+      https_proxy: 'http://proxy.fixture:8080',
+      CODEX_HOME: path.join('/home/fixture', '.codex'),
+    },
+    'provider secrets stay out of the login process',
+  );
+  child.emit('exit', 1);
+  assert.deepEqual(await login.completion, { exitCode: 1 });
+});
+
+test('Codex login refuses a read/write storage mismatch before spawning', async () => {
+  await assert.rejects(
+    startCodexChatGptLogin({
+      environment: { CODEX_AUTH_JSON: '/tmp/another-auth.json' },
+      home: '/home/fixture',
+      executable: 'codex',
+      spawnImpl: () => assert.fail('mismatched storage must not launch login'),
+    }),
+    { code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_STORAGE_MISMATCH' },
+  );
+});
+
+test('Codex login resolves relative CODEX_HOME before changing the child directory', async () => {
+  const child = new EventEmitter();
+  const environment = { CODEX_HOME: './fixture-codex' };
+  const login = await startCodexChatGptLogin({
+    environment,
+    executable: 'codex',
+    spawnImpl(_command, _args, options) {
+      assert.equal(
+        options.env.CODEX_HOME,
+        path.resolve(environment.CODEX_HOME),
+      );
+      queueMicrotask(() => child.emit('spawn'));
+      return child;
+    },
+  });
+  assert.equal(
+    environment.CODEX_HOME,
+    './fixture-codex',
+    'caller environment is unchanged',
+  );
+  child.emit('exit', 0);
+  assert.deepEqual(await login.completion, { exitCode: 0 });
+});
+
+test('Codex login hides spawn errors and can cancel only its owned child', async () => {
+  const child = new EventEmitter();
+  await assert.rejects(
+    startCodexChatGptLogin({
+      executable: 'codex',
+      spawnImpl() {
+        queueMicrotask(() =>
+          child.emit('error', new Error('private-token-fixture')),
+        );
+        return child;
+      },
+    }),
+    (error) =>
+      error.code === 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED' &&
+      !error.message.includes('private-token-fixture'),
+  );
+
+  const running = new EventEmitter();
+  let cancelled = 0;
+  running.kill = (signal) => {
+    assert.equal(signal, 'SIGTERM');
+    cancelled += 1;
+    running.emit('exit', null);
+  };
+  const login = await startCodexChatGptLogin({
+    executable: 'codex',
+    spawnImpl() {
+      queueMicrotask(() => running.emit('spawn'));
+      return running;
+    },
+  });
+  login.cancel();
+  assert.equal(cancelled, 1);
+  assert.deepEqual(await login.completion, { exitCode: null });
+});
diff --git a/src/data/directions.js b/src/data/directions.js
index ddb1109f7..ef5565488 100644
--- a/src/data/directions.js
+++ b/src/data/directions.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { createDirectionsSource } from '../layers/directions/source.js';
 /**
  * @module directions
  * @description Service bundle for the Directions layer.
@@ -37,8 +38,10 @@ export const directionsServices = Object.freeze({
 });
 
 /** Construct one Directions layer over the application scene owners. */
-export function createApplicationDirectionsLayer() {
-  return createDirectionsLayer({ services: directionsServices });
+export function createApplicationDirectionsLayer({
+  source = createDirectionsSource(),
+} = {}) {
+  return createDirectionsLayer({ services: directionsServices, source });
 }
 
 export {
diff --git a/src/data/idSwitches.js b/src/data/idSwitches.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0fe8f8de0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/data/idSwitches.js
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+const MAX_SWITCHES_LENGTH = 256;
+const ENTRY = /^([a-z][a-z0-9-]*)-([01])$/;
+
+/** Canonical, bounded boolean switches keyed by stable slugs. */
+export function normalizeIdSwitches(value, reservedIds = []) {
+  if (typeof value !== 'string' || value.length > MAX_SWITCHES_LENGTH)
+    return null;
+  if (!value) return '';
+  const entries = new Map();
+  for (const field of value.split('*')) {
+    const match = ENTRY.exec(field);
+    if (!match || reservedIds.includes(match[1]) || entries.has(match[1]))
+      return null;
+    entries.set(match[1], match[2] === '1');
+  }
+  return [...entries]
+    .sort(([a], [b]) => (a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0))
+    .map(([id, on]) => `${id}-${on ? '1' : '0'}`)
+    .join('*');
+}
+
+/** Encode by stable IDs rather than registration order or generated tokens. */
+export function encodeIdSwitches(switches) {
+  const value = [...switches]
+    .map(([id, on]) => `${id}-${on === true ? '1' : '0'}`)
+    .join('*');
+  if (value.length > MAX_SWITCHES_LENGTH)
+    throw new RangeError(
+      `Switch IDs exceed the ${MAX_SWITCHES_LENGTH}-character share-link limit`,
+    );
+  const normalized = normalizeIdSwitches(value);
+  if (normalized === null) throw new TypeError('Invalid boolean switch IDs');
+  return normalized;
+}
+
+/** A Map keeps switch IDs separate from object prototype properties. */
+export function decodeIdSwitches(value) {
+  const normalized = normalizeIdSwitches(value);
+  return new Map(
+    normalized
+      ? normalized.split('*').map((entry) => {
+          const [, id, on] = ENTRY.exec(entry);
+          return [id, on === '1'];
+        })
+      : [],
+  );
+}
+
+/** Persist only explicitly requested switch IDs, not unrelated live changes. */
+export function patchRequestedIdSwitches(previous, applied, requested) {
+  const current = decodeIdSwitches(applied);
+  const next = new Map(
+    [...decodeIdSwitches(previous)].filter(([id]) => current.has(id)),
+  );
+  let changed = false;
+  for (const [id, on] of current) {
+    if (Object.hasOwn(requested, id) && typeof requested[id] === 'boolean') {
+      next.set(id, on);
+      changed = true;
+    }
+  }
+  return changed ? encodeIdSwitches(next) : undefined;
+}
diff --git a/src/data/layerState.js b/src/data/layerState.js
index 92a18179c..373eac20d 100644
--- a/src/data/layerState.js
+++ b/src/data/layerState.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { normalizeIdSwitches, patchRequestedIdSwitches } from './idSwitches.js';
 import reservationRows from './layerStateTokenReservations.json' with { type: 'json' };
 
 const VALID_DISPOSITIONS = new Set([
@@ -411,8 +412,17 @@ const OPTION_GROUPS = Object.freeze({
     booleanOption('viirs', 'v', false),
   ]),
   'street-level': Object.freeze([
-    // One switch per registered imagery provider (src/app/layers/streetLevel.js).
+    // Preserve the published Mapillary token; custom switches use stable IDs.
     booleanOption('mapillary', 'm', true),
+    Object.freeze({
+      key: 'providerSwitches',
+      patchRequested: patchRequestedIdSwitches,
+      token: 'r',
+      defaultValue: '',
+      normalize: (value) => normalizeIdSwitches(value, ['mapillary']),
+      encode: normalizeIdSwitches,
+      decode: (value) => normalizeIdSwitches(value, ['mapillary']),
+    }),
     enumOption('pano', 'p', 'all', ['all', 'pano', 'flat'], {
       all: 'a',
       pano: 'p',
diff --git a/src/data/layerState.test.mjs b/src/data/layerState.test.mjs
index 1ece6750f..08120a604 100644
--- a/src/data/layerState.test.mjs
+++ b/src/data/layerState.test.mjs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { encodeParams, decodeParams } from '../layers/streetLevel/params.js';
 import { readShellSource } from '../testSupport/readShellSource.mjs';
 import { expandApplicationHtml } from '../../build/application-html.js';
 import { readLayerSource } from '../testSupport/readLayerSource.mjs';
@@ -243,7 +244,11 @@ test('production registry is exact, canonical, and rejects incomplete contracts'
   }
   assert.equal(nextLayerStateToken(), '3');
   assert.equal(
-    nextLayerStateToken({ ...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS, alpha: '3', bravo: '4' }),
+    nextLayerStateToken({
+      ...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS,
+      alpha: '3',
+      bravo: '4',
+    }),
     '5',
   );
   const digitsExhausted = {
@@ -276,7 +281,9 @@ test('production registry is exact, canonical, and rejects incomplete contracts'
           [
             ...'0123456789',
             ...[...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_ALPHABET].flatMap((first) =>
-              [...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_ALPHABET].map((second) => `${first}${second}`),
+              [...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_ALPHABET].map(
+                (second) => `${first}${second}`,
+              ),
             ),
           ].map((token, index) => [`occupied-${index}`, token]),
         ),
@@ -298,33 +305,37 @@ test('production registry is exact, canonical, and rejects incomplete contracts'
     true,
   );
   assert.equal(
-    validateLayerStateAllocations(
-      LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS,
-      { ...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS, future: '3', next: '4' },
-    ),
+    validateLayerStateAllocations(LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS, {
+      ...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS,
+      future: '3',
+      next: '4',
+    }),
     true,
   );
   assert.throws(
-    () => validateLayerStateAllocations(LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS, {
-      ...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS,
-      future: '00',
-    }),
+    () =>
+      validateLayerStateAllocations(LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS, {
+        ...LAYER_STATE_TOKEN_RESERVATIONS,
+        future: '00',
+      }),
     /next free token 3/,
   );
   const beforeLastDigit = { ...digitsExhausted };
   delete beforeLastDigit['prior-9'];
   assert.equal(
-    validateLayerStateAllocations(
-      beforeLastDigit,
-      { ...beforeLastDigit, futurePair: '00', futureDigit: '9' },
-    ),
+    validateLayerStateAllocations(beforeLastDigit, {
+      ...beforeLastDigit,
+      futurePair: '00',
+      futureDigit: '9',
+    }),
     true,
   );
   assert.equal(
-    validateLayerStateAllocations(
-      digitsExhausted,
-      { ...digitsExhausted, pairB: '01', pairA: '00' },
-    ),
+    validateLayerStateAllocations(digitsExhausted, {
+      ...digitsExhausted,
+      pairB: '01',
+      pairA: '00',
+    }),
     true,
   );
   assert.throws(
@@ -2660,12 +2671,14 @@ test('Street Level: every option round-trips through a share link and stored sta
   state.enabledLayerIds = ['street-level'];
   state.options['street-level'] = {
     mapillary: false,
+    providerSwitches: '',
     pano: 'flat',
     sinceDays: MAX_SINCE_DAYS,
   };
   const decoded = decodeLayerStateParams(new URLSearchParams(encode(state)));
   assert.deepEqual(decoded.options['street-level'], {
     mapillary: false,
+    providerSwitches: '',
     pano: 'flat',
     sinceDays: MAX_SINCE_DAYS,
   });
@@ -2693,6 +2706,7 @@ test('Street Level: the link codec accepts exactly the windows the filter keeps'
 test('Street Level: a link without the provider switch keeps Mapillary on', () => {
   assert.deepEqual(streetLevelOptions(''), {
     mapillary: true,
+    providerSwitches: '',
     pano: 'all',
     sinceDays: 0,
   });
@@ -2703,3 +2717,73 @@ test('Street Level: a link without the provider switch keeps Mapillary on', () =
     true,
   );
 });
+
+test('explicit provider switches reach durable state without adopting unrelated live switches', () => {
+  const manager = new DataLayerManager({});
+  const providers = new Map([
+    ['mapillary', true],
+    ['alpha', true],
+    ['beta', true],
+  ]);
+  const filter = { pano: 'all', sinceDays: 0 };
+  for (const id of REGISTERED_LAYER_IDS) {
+    manager.register(
+      id === 'street-level'
+        ? {
+            ...fakeLayer(id),
+            getParams: () => encodeParams({ providers, filter }),
+            setParams(params) {
+              const decoded = decodeParams(params, {
+                providerIds: providers.keys(),
+                filter,
+              });
+              for (const [id, on] of decoded.providers) providers.set(id, on);
+              return true;
+            },
+          }
+        : fakeLayer(id),
+    );
+  }
+  manager.finalizeRegistrations(LAYER_STATE_REGISTRY);
+  const storage = memoryStorage();
+  const coordinator = new LayerStateCoordinator(manager, shareSink(), {
+    storage,
+  });
+  try {
+    providers.set('beta', false); // Passive state does not belong to the next action.
+    assert.equal(
+      manager.setLayerParams(
+        'street-level',
+        { alpha: false },
+        { origin: 'user' },
+      ),
+      true,
+    );
+    let saved = parseStoredLayerState(storage.getItem(LAYER_STATE_STORAGE_KEY));
+    assert.equal(saved.options['street-level'].providerSwitches, 'alpha-0');
+    const shared = decodeLayerStateParams(new URLSearchParams(encode(saved)));
+    const restored = decodeParams(shared.options['street-level'], {
+      providerIds: ['beta', 'alpha'],
+      filter,
+    });
+    assert.deepEqual([...restored.providers], [['alpha', false]]);
+    manager.setLayerParams('street-level', { beta: true }, { origin: 'user' });
+    saved = parseStoredLayerState(storage.getItem(LAYER_STATE_STORAGE_KEY));
+    assert.equal(
+      saved.options['street-level'].providerSwitches,
+      'alpha-0*beta-1',
+    );
+    manager.setLayerParams(
+      'street-level',
+      { alpha: true },
+      { origin: 'local-restore' },
+    );
+    saved = parseStoredLayerState(storage.getItem(LAYER_STATE_STORAGE_KEY));
+    assert.equal(
+      saved.options['street-level'].providerSwitches,
+      'alpha-0*beta-1',
+    );
+  } finally {
+    coordinator.destroy();
+  }
+});
diff --git a/src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js b/src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js
index 86b6af8e7..687b87dfb 100644
--- a/src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js
+++ b/src/data/layerStateCoordinator.js
@@ -255,8 +255,22 @@ export class LayerStateCoordinator {
       const explicitlyRequested = Object.hasOwn(requestedParams, spec.key);
       const implicitTrackingSync =
         !explicitlyRequested && spec.key === trackingOptionKey;
-      if (!explicitlyRequested && !implicitTrackingSync) continue;
-      const value = spec.normalize(change.params[spec.key]);
+      // Packed options can persist only the subkeys owned by this request.
+      const requestedValue =
+        explicitlyRequested || implicitTrackingSync
+          ? change.params[spec.key]
+          : spec.patchRequested?.(
+              nextOwnerOptions[spec.key],
+              change.params[spec.key],
+              requestedParams,
+            );
+      if (
+        !explicitlyRequested &&
+        !implicitTrackingSync &&
+        requestedValue === undefined
+      )
+        continue;
+      const value = spec.normalize(requestedValue);
       if (value === null) {
         if (implicitTrackingSync) {
           nextOwnerOptions[spec.key] = null;
diff --git a/src/data/layerStateTokenLedger.test.mjs b/src/data/layerStateTokenLedger.test.mjs
index 95e827416..5a02d85cf 100644
--- a/src/data/layerStateTokenLedger.test.mjs
+++ b/src/data/layerStateTokenLedger.test.mjs
@@ -98,6 +98,12 @@ function withPublishedBase(
 }
 
 function writeCodecFixture(cwd, rows, entries) {
+  const providerCodec = path.join(cwd, 'src/data/idSwitches.js');
+  mkdirSync(path.dirname(providerCodec), { recursive: true });
+  writeFileSync(
+    providerCodec,
+    readFileSync(new URL('./idSwitches.js', import.meta.url)),
+  );
   const source = readFileSync(CODEC_SOURCE_PATH, 'utf8');
   const registryEnd = ']);\n\nexport const REGISTERED_LAYER_IDS';
   assert.equal(source.split(registryEnd).length, 2);
diff --git a/src/data/lifecycle.js b/src/data/lifecycle.js
index 6c3659b9e..0df5e87a4 100644
--- a/src/data/lifecycle.js
+++ b/src/data/lifecycle.js
@@ -74,7 +74,11 @@ function refreshFailureFromStats(stats, label) {
  * for real-time data overlays on the CesiumJS globe.
  */
 export class LayerLifecycle {
-  constructor(viewer, { allowQaRegistration = false } = {}) {
+  constructor(
+    viewer,
+    { allowQaRegistration = false, getSourceAvailability } = {},
+  ) {
+    this._catalogSourceAvailability = getSourceAvailability;
     this.viewer = viewer;
     this._activityListeners = new Set();
     this.layers = new Map(); // id → { module, enabled, initialized, intervalId, lifecycleState, lifecycleUncertain }
@@ -228,6 +232,7 @@ export class LayerLifecycle {
 
   _normalizedStats(entry) {
     const moduleStats = this._moduleStats(entry);
+    const availability = this._sourceAvailability(entry.module.id);
     const lifecycleLoading =
       entry.lifecycleState === 'enabling' ||
       entry.lifecycleState === 'disabling';
@@ -235,6 +240,13 @@ export class LayerLifecycle {
       count: 0,
       lastUpdate: null,
       ...moduleStats,
+      ...(availability?.available === false
+        ? {
+            status: 'unavailable',
+            sourceUnavailable: true,
+            error: availability.reason,
+          }
+        : {}),
       loading: lifecycleLoading || moduleStats.loading === true,
       refreshing: entry.refreshing || moduleStats.refreshing === true,
       managerRefreshError: entry.managerRefreshError,
@@ -2282,7 +2294,17 @@ export class LayerLifecycle {
     }
   }
 
+  _sourceAvailability(layerId) {
+    return (
+      this._catalogSourceAvailability?.(layerId) ??
+      this.layers.get(layerId)?.module.getSourceAvailability?.()
+    );
+  }
+
   async _visibilityBlockReason(change) {
+    const availability = this._sourceAvailability(change.layerId);
+    if (change.enabled && availability?.available === false)
+      return availability.reason || 'Data source unavailable';
     for (const callback of this._visibilityGuards) {
       try {
         const result = await callback(change);
diff --git a/src/data/sharedOsmDisplays.test.mjs b/src/data/sharedOsmDisplays.test.mjs
index d4f322a57..273a9dc56 100644
--- a/src/data/sharedOsmDisplays.test.mjs
+++ b/src/data/sharedOsmDisplays.test.mjs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { createBhoteKoshiLocatorLayer } from './bhoteKoshiLocator.js';
 import { createWorldAnnotationRenderer } from '../annotations/worldAnnotationRenderer.js';
 import * as annotations from '../annotations/worldAnnotationRenderer.js';
 import { createDirectionsLayer } from '../layers/directions/index.js';
+import { createDirectionsSource } from '../layers/directions/source.js';
 import { createLifecycle as createCctvLifecycle } from '../layers/cctv/lifecycle.js';
 import * as input from './inputOwnership.js';
 import { createOverpassAlprSource } from '../layers/alpr/source.js';
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ test('voice route geometry introduces the shared OSM credit', (t) => {
 test('Directions introduces the shared OSM credit when the requested route draws', async (t) => {
   const v = viewer(t);
   t.mock.method(globalThis, 'fetch', async () => Response.json({ ok: true, geometry: [[0, 0], [0.01, 0.01]], steps: [] }));
-  const layer = createDirectionsLayer({ services: {
+  const layer = createDirectionsLayer({ source: createDirectionsSource(), services: {
     credits: { showOsmCredit, hideOsmCredit }, annotations, input, scenePick: {}, camera: {},
     overlays: { setOverlayEntries: noop, setOverlaySourceVisible: noop, clearOverlaySource: noop },
     render: { governorRequestRender: noop, holdContinuousRender: noop, releaseContinuousRender: noop },
diff --git a/src/keySetup.js b/src/keySetup.js
index d66d23867..1029d479b 100644
--- a/src/keySetup.js
+++ b/src/keySetup.js
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 import { createSurfaceKeyboard } from './ui/surfaceKeyboard.js';
+import {
+  readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode,
+  writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode,
+} from './voice/cloudVoiceAuth.js';
 
 /**
  * The POWER UP surface — paste a key, get a power.
@@ -38,6 +42,52 @@ export function collectKeyUpdates(fields) {
   return updates;
 }
 
+function sleepWithSignal(ms, signal) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    if (signal?.aborted) {
+      reject(signal.reason || new DOMException('Aborted', 'AbortError'));
+      return;
+    }
+    const onAbort = () => {
+      clearTimeout(timer);
+      reject(signal.reason || new DOMException('Aborted', 'AbortError'));
+    };
+    const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+      signal?.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort);
+      resolve();
+    }, ms);
+    signal?.addEventListener('abort', onAbort, { once: true });
+  });
+}
+
+export async function waitForChatGptOAuth({
+  fetchImpl,
+  signal,
+  timeoutMs = 120_000,
+  pollMs = 1_000,
+  now = () => Date.now(),
+  sleep = sleepWithSignal,
+} = {}) {
+  const deadline = now() + Math.max(0, timeoutMs);
+  while (!signal?.aborted && now() <= deadline) {
+    const response = await fetchImpl('/api/realtime/oauth-status', {
+      cache: 'no-store',
+      signal,
+    });
+    const payload = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
+    if (signal?.aborted) return false;
+    if (response.ok && payload.available) return true;
+    if (!response.ok || payload.loginFailed) {
+      throw new Error(
+        payload.error || 'Could not check ChatGPT sign-in. Try again.',
+      );
+    }
+    if (now() >= deadline) break;
+    await sleep(Math.max(0, pollMs), signal);
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 /**
  * After the FIRST Google key lands, the restart's reload should boot the
  * photoreal default — not faithfully restore the auto-selected keyless OSM
@@ -61,6 +111,21 @@ export function stripKeylessBasemapFromHash(hash) {
 
 const TIER_DOTS = Object.freeze({ metered: '🔴', free: '🟡' });
 
+function updateCloudVoiceAuthControl(auth, busy = false) {
+  const mode = readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode();
+  const state = auth.querySelector('.key-setup-cloud-auth-state');
+  const toggle = auth.querySelector('[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]');
+  state.textContent =
+    mode === 'oauth' ? 'VOICE AUTH · CHATGPT OAUTH' : 'VOICE AUTH · API KEY';
+  toggle.textContent = mode === 'oauth' ? 'USE API KEY' : 'USE CHATGPT OAUTH';
+  toggle.title =
+    mode === 'oauth'
+      ? 'Use OPENAI_API_KEY for the next cloud voice session'
+      : 'Use the signed-in local ChatGPT/Codex OAuth session for the next cloud voice session';
+  // Keep the control focusable while the delegated handler blocks repeats.
+  toggle.setAttribute('aria-disabled', String(busy));
+}
+
 /** Build one key row. All content is our own registry text, set via textContent. */
 function buildRow(documentRef, key) {
   const row = documentRef.createElement('section');
@@ -144,6 +209,19 @@ function buildRow(documentRef, key) {
     }
     row.append(fields);
   }
+  if (key.id === 'openai') {
+    const auth = documentRef.createElement('div');
+    auth.className = 'key-setup-cloud-auth';
+    const state = documentRef.createElement('span');
+    state.className = 'key-setup-cloud-auth-state';
+    const toggle = documentRef.createElement('button');
+    toggle.type = 'button';
+    toggle.className = 'key-setup-cloud-auth-toggle';
+    toggle.dataset.cloudVoiceAuthToggle = 'true';
+    auth.append(state, toggle);
+    updateCloudVoiceAuthControl(auth);
+    row.append(auth);
+  }
   return row;
 }
 
@@ -224,8 +302,14 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
   const statusLine = root.querySelector('[data-key-setup-status]');
   const defaultStatusText = statusLine?.textContent || '';
   let busy = false;
+  let oauthBusy = false;
   let open = false;
 
+  const syncCloudVoiceAuth = () => {
+    for (const auth of rowsHost.querySelectorAll('.key-setup-cloud-auth'))
+      updateCloudVoiceAuthControl(auth, oauthBusy);
+  };
+
   const render = (nextStatus) => {
     if (disposed) return;
     status = nextStatus;
@@ -239,6 +323,7 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
     rowsHost.textContent = '';
     for (const key of status.keys || [])
       rowsHost.append(buildRow(documentRef, key));
+    syncCloudVoiceAuth();
   };
 
   const visible = () =>
@@ -367,6 +452,100 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
   applyButton?.addEventListener('click', onApply);
   // Remove buttons are rendered per row; delegate so re-renders stay wired.
   rowsHost?.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
+    const authButton = event.target?.closest?.(
+      '[data-cloud-voice-auth-toggle]',
+    );
+    if (authButton && !disposed) {
+      if (oauthBusy) return;
+      void (async () => {
+        const current = readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode();
+        if (current === 'oauth') {
+          writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode('api-key');
+          syncCloudVoiceAuth();
+          say('Cloud voice will use OPENAI_API_KEY on the next session.');
+          return;
+        }
+        oauthBusy = true;
+        syncCloudVoiceAuth();
+        say('Checking local ChatGPT OAuth sign-in…');
+        try {
+          const response = await doFetch('/api/realtime/oauth-status', {
+            cache: 'no-store',
+            signal: lifetime.signal,
+          });
+          const payload = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
+          if (lifetime.signal.aborted) return;
+          if (!response.ok)
+            throw new Error(
+              payload.error || 'Could not check ChatGPT sign-in.',
+            );
+          if (payload.available) {
+            writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode('oauth');
+            syncCloudVoiceAuth();
+            say(
+              'ChatGPT OAuth selected for cloud voice. Your API key stays saved and available.',
+            );
+            return;
+          }
+
+          say(
+            payload.code === 'CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED'
+              ? 'ChatGPT sign-in expired. Opening sign-in again…'
+              : 'Opening ChatGPT sign-in in your browser…',
+          );
+          const loginResponse = await doFetch('/api/realtime/oauth-login', {
+            method: 'POST',
+            cache: 'no-store',
+            signal: lifetime.signal,
+          });
+          const loginPayload = await loginResponse.json().catch(() => ({}));
+          if (lifetime.signal.aborted) return;
+          if (!loginResponse.ok) {
+            say(
+              loginPayload.error ||
+                payload.error ||
+                'Could not start ChatGPT sign-in on this machine.',
+            );
+            return;
+          }
+          if (loginPayload.available) {
+            writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode('oauth');
+            syncCloudVoiceAuth();
+            say(
+              'ChatGPT OAuth selected for cloud voice. Your API key stays saved and available.',
+            );
+            return;
+          }
+
+          say(
+            'Finish ChatGPT sign-in in the browser. Waiting for it to complete…',
+          );
+          const available = await waitForChatGptOAuth({
+            fetchImpl: doFetch,
+            signal: lifetime.signal,
+          });
+          if (lifetime.signal.aborted) return;
+          if (!available) {
+            say(
+              'ChatGPT sign-in timed out. Click USE CHATGPT OAUTH to try again.',
+            );
+            return;
+          }
+          writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode('oauth');
+          syncCloudVoiceAuth();
+          say(
+            'ChatGPT sign-in complete. OAuth will be used for the next cloud voice session.',
+          );
+        } catch (error) {
+          if (lifetime.signal.aborted) return;
+          say(`OAuth check failed: ${error?.message || error}`);
+        } finally {
+          oauthBusy = false;
+          if (!disposed) syncCloudVoiceAuth();
+        }
+      })();
+      return;
+    }
     const button = event.target?.closest?.('[data-key-setup-remove]');
     if (disposed || !button || busy) return;
     let envVars = [];
diff --git a/src/keySetup.test.mjs b/src/keySetup.test.mjs
index c0d9520c0..4cdba1765 100644
--- a/src/keySetup.test.mjs
+++ b/src/keySetup.test.mjs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   keySetupChipLabel,
   stripKeylessBasemapFromHash,
   bindKeySetupPlacement,
+  waitForChatGptOAuth,
 } from './keySetup.js';
 
 test('setup placement moves the same button only in Cyber and disconnects on teardown', () => {
@@ -61,6 +62,64 @@ test('collectKeyUpdates keeps only non-empty trimmed values', () => {
   assert.deepEqual(collectKeyUpdates(null), {});
 });
 
+test('OAuth login polling stops as soon as local ChatGPT auth becomes available', async () => {
+  let checks = 0;
+  let clock = 0;
+  const available = await waitForChatGptOAuth({
+    fetchImpl: async () => {
+      checks += 1;
+      return {
+        ok: true,
+        json: async () => ({ available: checks >= 3 }),
+      };
+    },
+    timeoutMs: 10_000,
+    pollMs: 100,
+    now: () => clock,
+    sleep: async (ms) => {
+      clock += ms;
+    },
+  });
+  assert.equal(available, true);
+  assert.equal(checks, 3);
+});
+
+test('OAuth login polling stops on login or HTTP failure instead of waiting for timeout', async () => {
+  for (const result of [
+    { ok: true, payload: { available: false, loginFailed: true, error: 'Sign-in failed.' } },
+    { ok: false, payload: { error: 'Sign-in is local only.' } },
+  ]) {
+    let checks = 0;
+    await assert.rejects(waitForChatGptOAuth({
+      fetchImpl: async () => { checks += 1; return { ok: result.ok, json: async () => result.payload }; },
+      sleep: () => assert.fail('failed login must stop polling'),
+    }), { message: result.payload.error });
+    assert.equal(checks, 1);
+  }
+});
+
+test('OAuth login polling respects timeout and an aborted setup surface', async () => {
+  let clock = 0;
+  let checks = 0;
+  const poll = { fetchImpl: async () => { checks += 1; return { ok: true, json: async () => ({ available: false, pending: true }) }; } };
+  assert.equal(await waitForChatGptOAuth({ ...poll, timeoutMs: 100, pollMs: 100, now: () => clock, sleep: async (ms) => { clock += ms; } }), false);
+  assert.equal(checks, 2);
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  controller.abort();
+  assert.equal(await waitForChatGptOAuth({ ...poll, signal: controller.signal }), false);
+  assert.equal(checks, 2, 'aborted polling does not fetch');
+});
+
+test('OAuth polling ignores a ready response received after the surface was aborted', async () => {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const available = await waitForChatGptOAuth({
+    signal: controller.signal,
+    fetchImpl: async () => ({ ok: true, json: async () => { controller.abort(); return { available: true }; } }),
+    sleep: () => assert.fail('aborted polling must not continue'),
+  });
+  assert.equal(available, false);
+});
+
 test('the first Google key strips ONLY the keyless OSM basemap from the share hash', () => {
   const stripped = stripKeylessBasemapFromHash('lat=30.2&lon=-97.7&map=osm&style=normal');
   assert.ok(stripped !== null);
diff --git a/src/keySetupCore.mjs b/src/keySetupCore.mjs
index 4dc781406..6c3cecb2e 100644
--- a/src/keySetupCore.mjs
+++ b/src/keySetupCore.mjs
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export const KEY_SETUP_KEYS = Object.freeze([
   Object.freeze({
     id: 'openai',
     title: 'OPENAI',
-    unlocks: 'Voice control — talk to the planet',
+    unlocks: 'Voice control — API key or ChatGPT OAuth',
     getUrl: 'https://platform.openai.com/api-keys',
     envVars: Object.freeze(['OPENAI_API_KEY']),
     tier: 'metered',
diff --git a/src/layers/directions/index.js b/src/layers/directions/index.js
index bc1ec7296..0a06d5219 100644
--- a/src/layers/directions/index.js
+++ b/src/layers/directions/index.js
@@ -452,10 +452,7 @@ export function createDirectionsStepOverlayEntry(index, position, copy) {
  * @param {{lat:number, lon:number}} b
  * @returns {string}
  */
-export function directionsRequestUrl(mode, a, b) {
-  const coords = `${a.lon.toFixed(6)},${a.lat.toFixed(6)};${b.lon.toFixed(6)},${b.lat.toFixed(6)}`;
-  return `/api/route?profile=${encodeURIComponent(mode)}&coords=${encodeURIComponent(coords)}&steps=1`;
-}
+export { directionsRequestUrl } from './source.js';
 
 /**
  * Validate a proxy payload into the route record the layer keeps, or null.
@@ -509,10 +506,12 @@ export function normalizeRoutePayload(payload, mode) {
  * route, the markers, the pointer claim or the flight this layer owns. The
  * shared services are injected, which is what keeps this module's own imports
  * down to Cesium and the pure step formatter.
- * @param {{services: object}} options
+ * @param {{services: object, source: {getRoute: Function}}} options
  * @returns {object} The layer module the data manager registers.
  */
-export function createDirectionsLayer({ services }) {
+export function createDirectionsLayer({ services, source }) {
+  if (typeof source?.getRoute !== 'function')
+    throw new TypeError('Directions require a route source');
   /**
    * Where the maneuver card is drawn. Defaults to the shared world-overlay host;
    * tests swap it. Resolved on use, not at import, because the services arrive
@@ -827,18 +826,12 @@ export function createDirectionsLayer({ services }) {
     _error = null;
     notifyRow();
     try {
-      const response = await fetch(directionsRequestUrl(mode, _a, _b), {
-        signal: controller.signal,
-        headers: { Accept: 'application/json' },
-      });
-      const payload = await response.json();
-      if (response.status === 429) {
-        throw new Error(
-          typeof payload?.error === 'string' && payload.error
-            ? `${payload.error} — try again in a moment`
-            : 'Routing is rate limited — try again in a moment',
-        );
-      }
+      const payload = await source.getRoute(
+        { mode, a: _a, b: _b },
+        {
+          signal: controller.signal,
+        },
+      );
       if (seq !== _routeSeq || !_enabled) return;
       const route = normalizeRoutePayload(payload, mode);
       if (!route) {
diff --git a/src/layers/directions/source.js b/src/layers/directions/source.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f4f353653
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/layers/directions/source.js
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/** Build the existing route-proxy query from geographic endpoints. */
+export function directionsRequestUrl(mode, a, b) {
+  const coords = `${a.lon.toFixed(6)},${a.lat.toFixed(6)};${b.lon.toFixed(6)},${b.lat.toFixed(6)}`;
+  return `/api/route?profile=${encodeURIComponent(mode)}&coords=${encodeURIComponent(coords)}&steps=1`;
+}
+
+/** Acquire route records using caller-owned transport and an optional endpoint. */
+export function createDirectionsSource({
+  fetchImpl = (...args) => globalThis.fetch(...args),
+  endpoint = '/api/route',
+} = {}) {
+  return {
+    async getRoute({ mode, a, b }, { signal } = {}) {
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      const query = directionsRequestUrl(mode, a, b).split('?')[1];
+      const response = await fetchImpl(`${endpoint}?${query}`, {
+        signal,
+        headers: { Accept: 'application/json' },
+      });
+      const payload = await response.json();
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      if (response.status === 429) {
+        throw new Error(
+          typeof payload?.error === 'string' && payload.error
+            ? `${payload.error} — try again in a moment`
+            : 'Routing is rate limited — try again in a moment',
+        );
+      }
+      if (!response.ok && !payload?.error)
+        throw new Error(`Routing unavailable (HTTP ${response.status})`);
+      return payload;
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/layers/directions/source.test.mjs b/src/layers/directions/source.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..824b1221b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/layers/directions/source.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { createDirectionsSource } from './source.js';
+
+const query = { mode: 'foot', a: { lon: 1, lat: 2 }, b: { lon: 3, lat: 4 } };
+
+test('route acquisition uses only the supplied transport and endpoint', async () => {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const payload = { ok: true, geometry: [[1, 2], [3, 4]] };
+  const calls = [];
+  const source = createDirectionsSource({
+    endpoint: 'https://routes.example/route',
+    fetchImpl: async (...args) => { calls.push(args); return Response.json(payload); },
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await source.getRoute(query, { signal: controller.signal }), payload);
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 1);
+  const [url, init] = calls[0];
+  assert.equal(new URL(url).origin, 'https://routes.example');
+  assert.equal(new URL(url).searchParams.get('coords'), '1.000000,2.000000;3.000000,4.000000');
+  assert.equal(new URL(url).searchParams.get('profile'), 'foot');
+  assert.equal(init.signal, controller.signal);
+  assert.equal(init.headers.Accept, 'application/json');
+});
+
+test('aborting during route parsing discards the result', async () => {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const source = createDirectionsSource({ fetchImpl: async () => ({
+    ok: true, json: async () => { controller.abort(); return { ok: true }; },
+  }) });
+  await assert.rejects(source.getRoute(query, { signal: controller.signal }), { name: 'AbortError' });
+});
+
+test('route failures are surfaced without fallback requests', async () => {
+  for (const status of [429, 503]) {
+    let calls = 0;
+    const source = createDirectionsSource({ fetchImpl: async () => {
+      calls++;
+      return Response.json({}, { status });
+    } });
+    await assert.rejects(source.getRoute(query), status === 429 ? /rate limited/ : /HTTP 503/);
+    assert.equal(calls, 1);
+  }
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js b/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js
index 1d0a7893f..b241d0f52 100644
--- a/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js
+++ b/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ function admitTileRequests(provider, admission, requestRender, retry) {
  */
 export function createRecentImageryRenderer({
   cesium = Cesium,
+  tileTemplate = gibsTemplate,
+  credit = 'NASA GIBS',
   maxTileRequests = 6,
   requestRender = () => {},
   setTimeoutImpl = (fn, ms) => globalThis.setTimeout(fn, ms),
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ export function createRecentImageryRenderer({
   function createProvider(candidate, box) {
     const spec = PRODUCTS[candidate.product];
     const provider = new cesium.UrlTemplateImageryProvider({
-      url: gibsTemplate(candidate.product, candidate.day),
+      url: tileTemplate(candidate.product, candidate.day),
       subdomains: ['a', 'b', 'c'],
       minimumLevel: 0,
       maximumLevel: spec.maxLevel,
@@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ export function createRecentImageryRenderer({
         box.east,
         box.north,
       ),
-      credit: 'NASA GIBS',
+      credit,
       hasAlphaChannel: spec.format === 'png',
     });
     return admitTileRequests(provider, admission, requestRender, retry);
diff --git a/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.test.mjs b/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.test.mjs
index ad7e166a8..c1d38cacc 100644
--- a/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.test.mjs
@@ -53,10 +53,11 @@ const S30 = { key: 'S30:2026-09-18', product: 'S30', day: '2026-09-18' };
 const L30 = { key: 'L30:2026-09-16', product: 'L30', day: '2026-09-16' };
 const VIIRS = { key: 'VIIRS:2026-09-20', product: 'VIIRS', day: '2026-09-20' };
 
-function fixture({ requestImage, maxTileRequests } = {}) {
+function fixture({ requestImage, maxTileRequests, ...options } = {}) {
   const renders = [];
   const timers = manualTimers();
   const renderer = createRecentImageryRenderer({
+    ...options,
     cesium: fakeCesium(requestImage),
     maxTileRequests,
     requestRender: (reason) => renders.push(reason),
@@ -208,3 +209,21 @@ test('against the basemap slot a splits left with no second layer, and leaving t
   assert.equal(layer.splitDirection, 0);
   assert.deepEqual(renders, ['recent-imagery-show', 'recent-imagery-look']);
 });
+
+test('replacement imagery uses source-owned tile URLs and credit and tears down normally', () => {
+  const { renderer, globe } = fixture({
+    tileTemplate: (product, day) =>
+      `https://tiles.example/${product}/${day}/{z}/{x}/{y}`,
+    credit: 'Example imagery',
+  });
+  assert.equal(renderer.showSlot('a', S30, BOX), true);
+  const layer = globe.layers[0];
+  assert.equal(
+    layer.provider.options.url,
+    'https://tiles.example/S30/2026-09-18/{z}/{x}/{y}',
+  );
+  assert.equal(layer.provider.options.credit, 'Example imagery');
+  renderer.destroy();
+  assert.equal(globe.layers.length, 0);
+  assert.equal(layer.destroyed, true);
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/recentImagery/source.js b/src/layers/recentImagery/source.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..258e8e2e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/layers/recentImagery/source.js
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { searchHls } from './catalog.js';
+import { gibsTemplate, wvsSnapshotUrl } from './model.js';
+
+/** NASA-compatible imagery acquisition; transport and URL builders are replaceable. */
+export function createRecentImagerySource({
+  fetchImpl = (...args) => globalThis.fetch(...args),
+  search = searchHls,
+  thumbnailUrl = wvsSnapshotUrl,
+  tileTemplate = gibsTemplate,
+  credit = 'NASA GIBS',
+} = {}) {
+  return {
+    credit,
+    searchHls: (query) => search({ ...query, fetchImpl }),
+    async getThumbnail(candidate, box, { size = 256, signal } = {}) {
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      const response = await fetchImpl(
+        thumbnailUrl({
+          product: candidate.product,
+          day: candidate.day,
+          box,
+          width: size,
+          height: size,
+        }),
+        { signal },
+      );
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      return response;
+    },
+    getTileTemplate: (product, day) => tileTemplate(product, day),
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/layers/recentImagery/source.test.mjs b/src/layers/recentImagery/source.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d3cafc5b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/layers/recentImagery/source.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { createRecentImagerySource } from './source.js';
+
+test('imagery source routes catalog, thumbnails and tiles through supplied adapters', async () => {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const query = { box: { west: 0, east: 1, south: 0, north: 1 }, signal: controller.signal };
+  const candidate = { product: 'S30', day: '2026-10-01' };
+  const calls = [];
+  const fetchImpl = async (...args) => { calls.push(args); return new Response('image'); };
+  const source = createRecentImagerySource({
+    fetchImpl,
+    search: async (request) => {
+      assert.equal(request.fetchImpl, fetchImpl);
+      assert.equal(request.signal, controller.signal);
+      assert.equal(request.box, query.box);
+      return [candidate];
+    },
+    thumbnailUrl: ({ product, day, width }) => `https://imagery.example/${product}/${day}/${width}`,
+    tileTemplate: (product, day) => `https://tiles.example/${product}/${day}/{z}/{x}/{y}`,
+    credit: 'Example imagery',
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(await source.searchHls(query), [candidate]);
+  assert.equal(await (await source.getThumbnail(candidate, query.box, { signal: controller.signal })).text(), 'image');
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 1);
+  assert.equal(calls[0][0], 'https://imagery.example/S30/2026-10-01/256');
+  assert.equal(calls[0][1].signal, controller.signal);
+  assert.equal(source.getTileTemplate(candidate.product, candidate.day), 'https://tiles.example/S30/2026-10-01/{z}/{x}/{y}');
+  assert.equal(source.credit, 'Example imagery');
+});
+
+test('cancelled thumbnail acquisition does not return stale responses or retry', async () => {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  let calls = 0;
+  const source = createRecentImagerySource({
+    thumbnailUrl: () => 'https://imagery.example/thumbnail',
+    fetchImpl: async () => { calls++; controller.abort(); return new Response('image'); },
+  });
+  await assert.rejects(source.getThumbnail({}, {}, { signal: controller.signal }), { name: 'AbortError' });
+  await assert.rejects(source.getThumbnail({}, {}, { signal: controller.signal }), { name: 'AbortError' });
+  assert.equal(calls, 1);
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js b/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js
index 47c383f13..23fe4dd49 100644
--- a/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js
+++ b/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
  * card on every render, so a read that counted would evict the visible cards
  * first). Eviction revokes the image only; what the probe proved is kept.
  */
-import { thumbnailOrder, wvsSnapshotUrl } from './model.js';
+import { thumbnailOrder } from './model.js';
+import { createRecentImagerySource } from './source.js';
 
 const EMPTY = Object.freeze({
   status: 'unknown',
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ const EMPTY = Object.freeze({
  */
 export function createThumbnailLoader({
   fetchImpl = globalThis.fetch?.bind(globalThis),
+  requestThumbnail = createRecentImagerySource({ fetchImpl }).getThumbnail,
   maxInFlight = 3,
   maxDecoded = 16,
   createObjectUrl = (blob) => URL.createObjectURL(blob),
@@ -90,14 +92,10 @@ export function createThumbnailLoader({
     let acquisitionTime = null;
     let cancelled = false;
     try {
-      const url = wvsSnapshotUrl({
-        product: entry.candidate.product,
-        day: entry.candidate.day,
-        box: entry.box,
-        width: size,
-        height: size,
+      const response = await requestThumbnail(entry.candidate, entry.box, {
+        size,
+        signal: controller.signal,
       });
-      const response = await fetchImpl(url, { signal: controller.signal });
       if (controller.signal.aborted) {
         cancelled = true;
       } else if (response?.ok) {
diff --git a/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.test.mjs b/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.test.mjs
index 891b2e8dd..ada857f9a 100644
--- a/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.test.mjs
@@ -315,3 +315,24 @@ test('a request queued behind an aborted fetch still starts once the abort settl
     tracked: 1,
   });
 });
+
+test('injected thumbnail acquisition owns requests while the loader releases object URLs', async () => {
+  const calls = [];
+  const { loader, fetch, revoked } = fixture({
+    requestThumbnail: async (...args) => {
+      calls.push(args);
+      return response({ headers: { 'Data-Present': 'true' } });
+    },
+  });
+  const entry = candidate('S30', '2026-09-18');
+  loader.request(entry, BOX, 0);
+  await settle();
+  assert.equal(fetch.calls.length, 0);
+  assert.equal(calls.length, 1);
+  assert.equal(calls[0][0], entry);
+  assert.deepEqual(calls[0][1], BOX);
+  assert.ok(calls[0][2].signal instanceof AbortSignal);
+  assert.equal(loader.get(entry.key).status, 'present');
+  loader.destroy();
+  assert.deepEqual(revoked, ['blob:1']);
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/index.js b/src/layers/streetLevel/index.js
index dd4478c58..60a31691e 100644
--- a/src/layers/streetLevel/index.js
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/index.js
@@ -333,6 +333,16 @@ export function createStreetLevelLayer({
     requiresKeyId: requiresKeyIdFor(definitionsFrozen),
     /** Registered providers, in chip order. */
     providerIds: definitionsFrozen.map((def) => def.id),
+    getSourceAvailability() {
+      const available = definitionsFrozen.length > 0;
+      return {
+        available,
+        source: STREET_LEVEL_LAYER_ID,
+        reason: available
+          ? null
+          : 'No street-level imagery providers configured',
+      };
+    },
 
     init(viewer) {
       if (state.initialized)
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/index.test.mjs b/src/layers/streetLevel/index.test.mjs
index d4990c6ab..41b6f917a 100644
--- a/src/layers/streetLevel/index.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/index.test.mjs
@@ -482,3 +482,17 @@ test('switching a provider on while the layer is off activates nothing (M01)', a
   assert.equal(provider.calls.activate, 1);
   assert.equal(viewer.credits.length, 1);
 });
+
+test('an empty provider composition enables and tears down without acquiring imagery', async (t) => {
+  const { layer, viewer } = await enabledLayer(t, []);
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.providerIds, []);
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.getUIState().providers, []);
+  assert.equal(layer.getUIState().keyRequired, false);
+  assert.match(
+    layer.getUIState().coverage.hint,
+    /No street-level imagery providers/,
+  );
+  layer.disable();
+  layer.enable(viewer);
+  assert.deepEqual(layer.getUIState().providers, []);
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/params.js b/src/layers/streetLevel/params.js
index 1d87b1ebc..4aed3ad8f 100644
--- a/src/layers/streetLevel/params.js
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/params.js
@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
 import { normalizeFilter } from './filter.js';
+import { encodeIdSwitches, decodeIdSwitches } from '../../data/idSwitches.js';
 
 /**
- * Share-link params: one boolean per provider plus the filter. The codec in
- * src/data/layerState.js names the same keys, so a new provider needs one there.
+ * Provider params plus the filter. Custom switches share a stable ID-based
+ * field; Mapillary retains its existing boolean and share token.
  * @param {{providers: Iterable<[string, boolean]>, filter: {pano: string, sinceDays: number}}} input
  */
 export function encodeParams({ providers, filter }) {
   const params = {};
-  for (const [id, on] of providers) params[id] = on === true;
+  const entries = [...providers];
+  for (const [id, on] of entries) params[id] = on === true;
+  const switches = encodeIdSwitches(
+    entries.filter(([id]) => id !== 'mapillary'),
+  );
+  if (switches) params.providerSwitches = switches;
   params.pano = filter.pano;
   params.sinceDays = filter.sinceDays;
   return params;
@@ -23,8 +29,13 @@ export function encodeParams({ providers, filter }) {
 export function decodeParams(params, { providerIds, filter }) {
   const providers = new Map();
   const source = params && typeof params === 'object' ? params : {};
-  for (const id of providerIds)
-    if (typeof source[id] === 'boolean') providers.set(id, source[id]);
+  const switches = decodeIdSwitches(source.providerSwitches);
+  switches.delete('mapillary');
+  for (const id of providerIds) {
+    if (switches.has(id)) providers.set(id, switches.get(id));
+    else if (Object.hasOwn(source, id) && typeof source[id] === 'boolean')
+      providers.set(id, source[id]);
+  }
   const next = {};
   if ('pano' in source) next.pano = source.pano;
   if ('sinceDays' in source) next.sinceDays = source.sinceDays;
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/params.test.mjs b/src/layers/streetLevel/params.test.mjs
index 19a89a1ca..ffe56272f 100644
--- a/src/layers/streetLevel/params.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/params.test.mjs
@@ -11,7 +11,13 @@ test('encodeParams writes one boolean per provider plus the filter', () => {
       ],
       filter: { pano: 'flat', sinceDays: 365 },
     }),
-    { mapillary: true, panoramax: false, pano: 'flat', sinceDays: 365 },
+    {
+      mapillary: true,
+      panoramax: false,
+      providerSwitches: 'panoramax-0',
+      pano: 'flat',
+      sinceDays: 365,
+    },
   );
 });
 
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/providerSwitches.test.mjs b/src/layers/streetLevel/providerSwitches.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03a161dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/providerSwitches.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { encodeParams, decodeParams } from './params.js';
+import {
+  normalizeIdSwitches,
+  patchRequestedIdSwitches,
+  decodeIdSwitches,
+  encodeIdSwitches,
+} from '../../data/idSwitches.js';
+import {
+  createDefaultLayerState,
+  encodeLayerStateParams,
+  decodeLayerStateParams,
+  serializeStoredLayerState,
+  parseStoredLayerState,
+} from '../../data/layerState.js';
+import { validateProviders } from './registry.js';
+import { fakeStreetLevelProvider } from '../../testSupport/streetLevelFakes.mjs';
+
+const filter = { pano: 'flat', sinceDays: 365 };
+
+test('custom switches survive sharing and storage without depending on provider order', () => {
+  const providers = [
+    ['panoramax', false],
+    ['example', true],
+    ['mapillary', false],
+  ];
+  const options = encodeParams({ providers, filter });
+  assert.equal(options.providerSwitches, 'example-1*panoramax-0');
+  assert.equal(
+    encodeParams({ providers: [...providers].reverse(), filter })
+      .providerSwitches,
+    options.providerSwitches,
+  );
+  const state = createDefaultLayerState();
+  state.enabledLayerIds = ['street-level'];
+  state.options['street-level'] = options;
+  const params = new URLSearchParams({ v: '2' });
+  encodeLayerStateParams(params, state);
+  assert.match(params.get('lo'), /0\.m\.0/);
+  assert.match(params.get('lo'), /0\.r\.example-1\*panoramax-0/);
+  assert.ok(
+    params.toString().includes('0.r.example-1*panoramax-0'),
+    'custom switches need no percent escaping',
+  );
+  for (const restored of [
+    decodeLayerStateParams(params),
+    parseStoredLayerState(serializeStoredLayerState(state)),
+  ]) {
+    const decoded = decodeParams(restored.options['street-level'], {
+      providerIds: ['example', 'mapillary', 'panoramax'],
+      filter: { pano: 'all', sinceDays: 0 },
+    });
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      [...decoded.providers],
+      [
+        ['example', true],
+        ['mapillary', false],
+        ['panoramax', false],
+      ],
+    );
+    assert.deepEqual(decoded.filter, filter);
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      [
+        ...decodeParams(restored.options['street-level'], {
+          providerIds: ['panoramax'],
+          filter,
+        }).providers,
+      ],
+      [['panoramax', false]],
+    );
+    assert.equal(
+      decodeParams(restored.options['street-level'], {
+        providerIds: [],
+        filter,
+      }).providers.size,
+      0,
+    );
+  }
+});
+
+test('legacy links retain Mapillary semantics and leave custom defaults alone', () => {
+  for (const [lo, on] of [
+    ['', true],
+    ['0.m.0', false],
+  ]) {
+    const state = decodeLayerStateParams(
+      new URLSearchParams({ v: '2', l: '0', lo }),
+    );
+    const restored = decodeParams(state.options['street-level'], {
+      providerIds: ['mapillary', 'example'],
+      filter,
+    });
+    assert.deepEqual([...restored.providers], [['mapillary', on]]);
+  }
+});
+
+test('switches reject ambiguous or oversized fields and cannot override the legacy token', () => {
+  for (const value of [
+    'example-0*example-1',
+    'mapillary-0',
+    '__proto__-1',
+    'a-2',
+    'a-1*',
+    'a.b-1',
+    'a_b-0',
+    `${'a'.repeat(255)}-1`,
+    null,
+    {},
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(normalizeIdSwitches(value, ['mapillary']), null);
+  }
+  assert.equal(normalizeIdSwitches('constructor-0'), 'constructor-0');
+  assert.throws(
+    () => encodeIdSwitches([['a'.repeat(255), true]]),
+    /share-link/,
+  );
+  assert.throws(
+    () => validateProviders([fakeStreetLevelProvider({ id: 'a'.repeat(255) })]),
+    /share-link/,
+  );
+  const decoded = decodeParams(
+    { providerSwitches: 'mapillary-0', mapillary: true },
+    { providerIds: ['mapillary'], filter },
+  );
+  assert.equal(decoded.providers.get('mapillary'), true);
+});
+
+test('neutral switch codec preserves hyphens and numeric suffixes in IDs', () => {
+  const switches = [
+    ['provider-0', false],
+    ['provider-1', true],
+    ['a-b-c', true],
+  ];
+  const encoded = encodeIdSwitches(switches);
+  assert.equal(encoded, 'a-b-c-1*provider-0-0*provider-1-1');
+  const decoded = decodeIdSwitches(encoded);
+  for (const [id, on] of switches) assert.equal(decoded.get(id), on);
+  assert.equal(decodeIdSwitches('valid-1*broken').size, 0);
+});
+
+test('editing a receiving composition drops unknown IDs before enforcing the share bound', () => {
+  const previous = `${'x'.repeat(254)}-1`;
+  assert.equal(normalizeIdSwitches(previous), previous);
+  assert.equal(
+    patchRequestedIdSwitches(previous, 'alpha-0*beta-0', { alpha: false }),
+    'alpha-0',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    patchRequestedIdSwitches(previous, 'alpha-0', { pano: 'flat' }),
+    undefined,
+  );
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.js b/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.js
index 01d008ab4..29ec24869 100644
--- a/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.js
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { encodeIdSwitches } from '../../data/idSwitches.js';
+
 /**
  * The contract an imagery provider registers with the Street Level layer.
  *
@@ -86,8 +88,8 @@ const ID_GRAMMAR = /^[a-z][a-z0-9-]*$/;
  * @returns {ReadonlyArray<StreetLevelProvider>}
  */
 export function validateProviders(providers) {
-  if (!Array.isArray(providers) || providers.length === 0)
-    throw new TypeError('Street Level needs at least one imagery provider');
+  if (!Array.isArray(providers))
+    throw new TypeError('Street Level providers must be an array');
   const ids = new Set();
   const prefixes = [];
   for (const provider of providers) {
@@ -125,6 +127,19 @@ export function validateProviders(providers) {
     ids.add(provider.id);
     prefixes.push(provider.pickPrefix);
   }
+  // Validate the complete bounded share field once, before any instance exists.
+  try {
+    encodeIdSwitches(
+      providers
+        .filter(({ id }) => id !== 'mapillary')
+        .map(({ id }) => [id, true]),
+    );
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (!(error instanceof RangeError)) throw error;
+    throw new RangeError(
+      'Street Level provider IDs cannot fit in the 256-character share-link field; use shorter IDs or fewer providers',
+    );
+  }
   return Object.freeze([...providers]);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.test.mjs b/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.test.mjs
index 278bf5ffa..74d9991dc 100644
--- a/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/registry.test.mjs
@@ -26,9 +26,14 @@ test('a valid list is frozen in registration order', () => {
   );
 });
 
-test('an empty list, duplicate ids and malformed ids are rejected', () => {
-  assert.throws(() => validateProviders([]), /at least one/);
-  assert.throws(() => validateProviders(null), /at least one/);
+test('an empty provider list is valid and has no key requirement', () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(validateProviders([]), []);
+  assert.ok(Object.isFrozen(validateProviders([])));
+  assert.equal(requiresKeyIdFor([]), null);
+});
+
+test('non-arrays, duplicate ids and malformed ids are rejected', () => {
+  assert.throws(() => validateProviders(null), /array/);
   assert.throws(() => validateProviders([def(), def()]), /Duplicate/);
   assert.throws(() => validateProviders([def({ id: 'Bad Id' })]), /slug/);
 });
diff --git a/src/layers/streetLevel/uiState.js b/src/layers/streetLevel/uiState.js
index 695c87653..a2420314f 100644
--- a/src/layers/streetLevel/uiState.js
+++ b/src/layers/streetLevel/uiState.js
@@ -27,7 +27,10 @@ export function summarizeCoverage(providers) {
   return {
     count: active.reduce((sum, p) => sum + (p.count || 0), 0),
     loading: active.some((p) => p.loading),
-    hint: active.find((p) => p.hint)?.hint || '',
+    hint:
+      providers.length === 0
+        ? 'No street-level imagery providers configured'
+        : active.find((p) => p.hint)?.hint || '',
     error: active.find((p) => p.error)?.error || null,
     keyRequired:
       active.length > 0 && active.every((p) => p.keyRequired === true),
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/ingestion.js b/src/layers/vessels/ingestion.js
index fb7597a31..408e3bec2 100644
--- a/src/layers/vessels/ingestion.js
+++ b/src/layers/vessels/ingestion.js
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ export function createIngestion({
     feed.acceptedRowCount = snapshot.acceptedRowCount;
     feed.partial = payload?.complete === false;
 
-    if (snapshot.acceptedRowCount === 0) {
+    if (snapshot.acceptedRowCount === 0 && !snapshot.emptyCoverage) {
       feed.count = readCount();
       feed.stale = feed.count > 0 || Boolean(payload?.refreshing);
       if (isDefinitiveTransportFailure(snapshot.transportStatus)) {
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/ownership.test.mjs b/src/layers/vessels/ownership.test.mjs
index ce55aaf0f..28455a293 100644
--- a/src/layers/vessels/ownership.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/vessels/ownership.test.mjs
@@ -361,3 +361,47 @@ test('partial vessel snapshots preserve freshness and recover after a complete u
   layer.destroy();
   assert.equal(layer.getStats().partial, false);
 });
+
+test('authoritative empty coverage clears old contacts without declaring an outage', async () => {
+  let current = snapshot([observation('111')]);
+  const { layer } = setup({
+    async getSnapshot() {
+      return current;
+    },
+  });
+  await layer.update();
+  current = snapshot([], { observedAtMs: null, lastMessageAt: 500 });
+  await layer.update();
+  assert.ok(!layer.hasContact('111'));
+  assert.equal(layer.getStats().count, 0);
+  assert.equal(layer.getStats().error, null);
+  assert.equal(layer.getStats().stale, false);
+  assert.equal(layer.getStats().lastUpdate, null);
+});
+
+test('empty coverage cannot hide stale, incomplete or rejected source data', async () => {
+  for (const patch of [
+    { freshness: 'unknown' },
+    { freshness: 'stale' },
+    { complete: false },
+    { rawRowCount: 1 },
+    { transportStatus: 'stale' },
+    { lastMessageAt: null },
+  ]) {
+    let current = snapshot([observation('111')]);
+    const { layer } = setup({
+      async getSnapshot() {
+        return current;
+      },
+    });
+    await layer.update();
+    current = snapshot([], {
+      observedAtMs: null,
+      lastMessageAt: 500,
+      ...patch,
+    });
+    await layer.update();
+    assert.equal(layer.hasContact('111'), true, JSON.stringify(patch));
+    assert.ok(layer.getStats().error, JSON.stringify(patch));
+  }
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/queries.js b/src/layers/vessels/queries.js
index 520af4b0b..7b06ee23b 100644
--- a/src/layers/vessels/queries.js
+++ b/src/layers/vessels/queries.js
@@ -119,7 +119,16 @@ export function createQueries({
       typeof payload?.status === 'string' ? payload.status : null;
     const lastMessageAt = payload?.lastMessageAt ?? null;
     const acceptedRowCount = acceptedRows.length;
+    const emptyCoverage =
+      rawRows.length === 0 &&
+      payload?.rawRowCount === 0 &&
+      payload?.complete === true &&
+      payload?.freshness === 'current' &&
+      AIS_HEALTHY_STATUSES.has(transportStatus) &&
+      Number.isFinite(Number(lastMessageAt)) &&
+      Number(lastMessageAt) > 0;
     return {
+      emptyCoverage,
       transportStatus,
       lastMessageAt,
       rawRows,
@@ -130,9 +139,10 @@ export function createQueries({
           ? payload.rawRowCount
           : rawRows.length,
       acceptedRowCount,
-      error:
-        deriveAisFeedError(payload, acceptedRowCount) ||
-        (acceptedRowCount === 0 ? 'awaiting usable AIS positions…' : null),
+      error: emptyCoverage
+        ? null
+        : deriveAisFeedError(payload, acceptedRowCount) ||
+          (acceptedRowCount === 0 ? 'awaiting usable AIS positions…' : null),
     };
   }
 
diff --git a/src/setupDoctor.test.mjs b/src/setupDoctor.test.mjs
index 761a2def9..71c6e44af 100644
--- a/src/setupDoctor.test.mjs
+++ b/src/setupDoctor.test.mjs
@@ -274,6 +274,13 @@ test('doctor describes the credential ladder without exposing values', () => {
   );
   assert.match(capabilities.map, /Bing and world-terrain stacks/);
   assert.equal(capabilities.voice, 'available');
+  assert.equal(
+    buildCapabilitySummary({
+      ...credentials,
+      OPENAI_API_KEY: { configured: false },
+    }).voice,
+    'off until an OpenAI key is added, or a Codex ChatGPT sign-in is selected in Provider Settings (experimental)',
+  );
   assert.match(capabilities.missions, /token allowance/);
   assert.equal(
     capabilities.flights,
diff --git a/src/sources/openFreeMap.js b/src/sources/openFreeMap.js
index 3f40af1e8..58208a1fd 100644
--- a/src/sources/openFreeMap.js
+++ b/src/sources/openFreeMap.js
@@ -214,11 +214,18 @@ function decodeLayers(bytes, z, x, y, layerNames) {
   return { roads, military };
 }
 
-/** Construct an immutable-version road/military tile source without starting I/O. */
+/**
+ * Construct an immutable-version road/military tile source without starting I/O.
+ *
+ * `allowedOrigin` is deliberately not set here: `createVectorTileSource`
+ * derives it from whichever `tileJsonUrl` is in effect, so a caller that
+ * repoints only `tileJsonUrl` gets tiles from that host or a named error —
+ * never a silent fall back to the default host (#933). Passing
+ * `allowedOrigin` explicitly still overrides both.
+ */
 export function createOpenFreeMapSource(options = {}) {
   return createVectorTileSource({
     tileJsonUrl: 'https://tiles.openfreemap.org/planet',
-    allowedOrigin: 'https://tiles.openfreemap.org',
     decode: decodeOpenFreeMapTile,
     maxEntries: 192,
     maxCacheBytes: 64 * 1024 * 1024,
diff --git a/src/sources/openFreeMap.test.mjs b/src/sources/openFreeMap.test.mjs
index f2a91098c..47a835917 100644
--- a/src/sources/openFreeMap.test.mjs
+++ b/src/sources/openFreeMap.test.mjs
@@ -320,3 +320,41 @@ test('Capitol, greenbelt and commercial property fixtures exclude non-public dri
     assert.ok(records.some((r) => r.area === area && !r.drivable));
   }
 });
+
+test('repointing tileJsonUrl at a mirror never falls back to the default tile host', async () => {
+  const urls = [];
+  const mirror = 'http://127.0.0.1:12348';
+  const source = createOpenFreeMapSource({
+    fetchImpl: async (url) => {
+      urls.push(url);
+      return url.endsWith('/planet')
+        ? Response.json({ tiles: [`${mirror}/planet/v/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf`] })
+        : new Response(fixture('ofm-austin-14-3743-6745.pbf'));
+    },
+    tileJsonUrl: `${mirror}/planet`,
+  });
+  await source.fetchBounds(
+    { south: 30.264, north: 30.271, west: -97.75, east: -97.74 },
+    { zoom: 14 },
+  );
+  assert.ok(urls.length > 1, 'tiles were fetched');
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    urls.filter((url) => !url.startsWith(mirror)),
+    [],
+    'a repointed source must not fetch from tiles.openfreemap.org',
+  );
+});
+
+test('a mirror that serves the default host TileJSON verbatim fails loudly', async () => {
+  // A transparent caching proxy returns upstream's TileJSON unchanged, whose
+  // tiles[0] is an absolute upstream URL. That must be an error, not 100% of
+  // tile traffic quietly leaving the configured mirror.
+  const source = createOpenFreeMapSource({
+    fetchImpl: async () =>
+      Response.json({
+        tiles: ['https://tiles.openfreemap.org/planet/v/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf'],
+      }),
+    tileJsonUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:12348/planet',
+  });
+  await assert.rejects(source.getMetadata(), { retryable: false });
+});
diff --git a/src/sources/vectorTiles.js b/src/sources/vectorTiles.js
index 7eef0d3e7..6a90f4aaf 100644
--- a/src/sources/vectorTiles.js
+++ b/src/sources/vectorTiles.js
@@ -16,11 +16,27 @@ export function validTileBounds(box) {
   );
 }
 
+/**
+ * The origin a configured TileJSON is served from, or undefined when there is
+ * no absolute URL to read one off. Deriving `allowedOrigin` from it means
+ * repointing `tileJsonUrl` at a mirror cannot silently keep loading tiles from
+ * the old host: the origin check below then names the mismatch instead of
+ * passing it (#933).
+ */
+function tileJsonOrigin(tileJsonUrl) {
+  if (typeof tileJsonUrl !== 'string') return undefined;
+  try {
+    return new URL(tileJsonUrl).origin;
+  } catch {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+}
+
 /** A decoded XYZ cache with bounded workers, reads, retained bytes and request lifetimes. */
 export function createVectorTileSource({
   tileJsonUrl,
   template,
-  allowedOrigin,
+  allowedOrigin = tileJsonOrigin(tileJsonUrl),
   decode,
   fetchImpl = (...args) => globalThis.fetch(...args),
   maxTiles = 16,
diff --git a/src/sources/vectorTiles.test.mjs b/src/sources/vectorTiles.test.mjs
index bfc366964..92bde2f70 100644
--- a/src/sources/vectorTiles.test.mjs
+++ b/src/sources/vectorTiles.test.mjs
@@ -203,3 +203,45 @@ test('polygon-selected tiles keep nearest-first order and cached revisits issue
     'over-budget selection is rejected before fetching',
   );
 });
+
+test('a configured tileJsonUrl sets the tile origin, and a foreign tiles[0] is still refused', async () => {
+  // Without an explicit allowedOrigin the mirror's own TileJSON is honoured…
+  const mirrored = createVectorTileSource({
+    tileJsonUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:12348/planet',
+    decode: () => [],
+    fetchImpl: async () =>
+      Response.json({ tiles: ['http://127.0.0.1:12348/p/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf'] }),
+  });
+  assert.equal(
+    (await mirrored.getMetadata()).template,
+    'http://127.0.0.1:12348/p/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf',
+  );
+
+  // …while a TileJSON that names a different host is refused rather than
+  // silently fetched, which is what the origin check is for.
+  const foreign = createVectorTileSource({
+    tileJsonUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:12348/planet',
+    decode: () => [],
+    fetchImpl: async () =>
+      Response.json({
+        tiles: ['https://tiles.example/planet/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf'],
+      }),
+  });
+  await assert.rejects(foreign.getMetadata(), { retryable: false });
+});
+
+test('an explicit allowedOrigin still wins over the one derived from tileJsonUrl', async () => {
+  const source = createVectorTileSource({
+    tileJsonUrl: 'http://127.0.0.1:12348/planet',
+    allowedOrigin: 'https://tiles.example',
+    decode: () => [],
+    fetchImpl: async () =>
+      Response.json({
+        tiles: ['https://tiles.example/planet/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf'],
+      }),
+  });
+  assert.equal(
+    (await source.getMetadata()).template,
+    'https://tiles.example/planet/{z}/{x}/{y}.pbf',
+  );
+});
diff --git a/src/standalone/application.js b/src/standalone/application.js
index 5dd1b9641..5c5b048d9 100644
--- a/src/standalone/application.js
+++ b/src/standalone/application.js
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ export function createStandaloneApplication({
   cesiumToken,
   geospatial = {},
   voice = {},
+  sources = {},
+  streetLevelProviders,
   allowQaRegistration = false,
 }) {
   if (constructed)
@@ -47,6 +49,8 @@ export function createStandaloneApplication({
         loaderStatus,
       });
       catalog = createStandaloneCatalog({
+        sources,
+        streetLevelProviders,
         nepalBoundaryResolver: (signal) =>
           scene.operations.annotationResolver.resolveRegionRingForQuery(
             'Nepal',
diff --git a/src/standalone/catalog.js b/src/standalone/catalog.js
index 7e4e66808..1ac6ce931 100644
--- a/src/standalone/catalog.js
+++ b/src/standalone/catalog.js
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ export { createStandaloneReferenceSources } from './layerSources.js';
 /** Create fresh layer instances using the existing standalone source choices. */
 export function createStandaloneCatalog({
   nepalBoundaryResolver,
+  sources = {},
+  streetLevelProviders,
   signal = new AbortController().signal,
   surface = createSurfaceServices({
     terrainSource: createApplicationRequestServices().terrain,
@@ -16,7 +18,8 @@ export function createStandaloneCatalog({
   return createApplicationCatalog({
     nepalBoundaryResolver,
     surface,
-    sources: createStandaloneLayerSources(),
+    sources: createStandaloneLayerSources(sources),
+    streetLevelProviders,
     signal,
     vesselOptions: {
       maxRows: import.meta.env?.VITE_AIS_LIVE_MAX_ROWS,
diff --git a/src/standalone/layerSources.js b/src/standalone/layerSources.js
index ffd975231..935351685 100644
--- a/src/standalone/layerSources.js
+++ b/src/standalone/layerSources.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { createDirectionsSource } from '../layers/directions/source.js';
+import { createRecentImagerySource } from '../layers/recentImagery/source.js';
 import { createOpenFreeMapSource } from '../sources/openFreeMap.js';
 import {
   createFlightSource,
@@ -22,10 +24,14 @@ import { createReferenceSources } from '../sources/reference.js';
 export { createReferenceSources as createStandaloneReferenceSources } from '../sources/reference.js';
 
 /** Select standalone providers without starting their acquisition. */
-export function createStandaloneLayerSources() {
+export function createStandaloneLayerSources(overrides = {}) {
+  if (!overrides || typeof overrides !== 'object' || Array.isArray(overrides))
+    throw new TypeError('Source overrides must be an object');
   const mapTiles = createOpenFreeMapSource();
-  return {
+  const defaults = {
     ...createReferenceSources(),
+    directions: createDirectionsSource(),
+    'recent-imagery': createRecentImagerySource(),
     flights: createFlightSource(),
     military: createMilitarySource(),
     vessels: createVesselSource({
@@ -51,4 +57,9 @@ export function createStandaloneLayerSources() {
       token: import.meta.env?.MAPILLARY_CLIENT_TOKEN || '',
     }),
   };
+  for (const name of Object.keys(overrides)) {
+    if (!Object.hasOwn(defaults, name))
+      throw new TypeError(`Unknown source: ${name}`);
+  }
+  return { ...defaults, ...overrides };
 }
diff --git a/src/tooling/localServices.test.mjs b/src/tooling/localServices.test.mjs
index 9e5034e8c..075f8c837 100644
--- a/src/tooling/localServices.test.mjs
+++ b/src/tooling/localServices.test.mjs
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ function request(
     url = '/',
     body = '',
     origin = 'http://localhost:4173',
+    remoteAddress = '127.0.0.1',
   } = {},
 ) {
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ function request(
         origin,
         'content-type': 'application/json',
       },
-      socket: { remoteAddress: '127.0.0.1' },
+      socket: { remoteAddress },
     });
     const headers = {};
     const res = {
@@ -199,6 +200,386 @@ test('Realtime handler preserves tools and default instructions, isolates suppli
   assert.equal(sent[0].session.instructions, sent[2].session.instructions);
 });
 
+test('Realtime handler keeps API key as default and uses OAuth only when requested', async (t) => {
+  env(t, 'GEV_RATELIMIT_OPENAI_PER_MIN', undefined);
+  let oauthReads = 0;
+  const authorizations = [];
+  const routes = install(
+    openAiRealtimeProxy({
+      realtime: {
+        resolveApiKey: () => 'fixture-api-key',
+        resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => {
+          oauthReads += 1;
+          return 'fixture-oauth-token';
+        },
+        fetchImpl: async (_url, options) => {
+          authorizations.push(options.headers.Authorization);
+          return Response.json({ value: 'fixture-ephemeral' });
+        },
+      },
+    }),
+  );
+  const token = routes.get('/api/realtime/token');
+
+  const apiResponse = await request(token);
+  assert.equal(apiResponse.status, 200);
+  assert.equal(apiResponse.headers['x-gev-voice-auth'], 'env');
+  assert.equal(oauthReads, 0, 'default cloud voice does not read OAuth');
+  assert.equal(authorizations.at(-1), 'Bearer fixture-api-key');
+
+  const oauthResponse = await request(token, { url: '/?auth=oauth' });
+  assert.equal(oauthResponse.status, 200);
+  assert.equal(oauthResponse.headers['x-gev-voice-auth'], 'codex-oauth');
+  assert.equal(oauthReads, 1);
+  assert.equal(authorizations.at(-1), 'Bearer fixture-oauth-token');
+});
+
+test('a Codex OAuth pin refuses API-key minting without silently switching modes', async (t) => {
+  env(t, 'GEV_RATELIMIT_OPENAI_PER_MIN', undefined);
+  const authorizations = [];
+  const routes = install(
+    openAiRealtimeProxy({
+      realtime: {
+        environment: { GEV_PREFER_CODEX_OAUTH: 'true' },
+        resolveApiKey: () => assert.fail('pinned OAuth cannot read an API key'),
+        resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => 'fixture-oauth-token',
+        fetchImpl: async (_url, options) => {
+          authorizations.push(options.headers.Authorization);
+          return Response.json({ value: 'fixture-ephemeral' });
+        },
+      },
+    }),
+  );
+  const token = routes.get('/api/realtime/token');
+  const refused = await request(token);
+  assert.equal(refused.status, 503);
+  assert.equal(refused.json().code, 'CODEX_OAUTH_REQUIRED');
+  assert.equal(authorizations.length, 0);
+  assert.equal((await request(token, { url: '/?auth=oauth' })).status, 200);
+  assert.deepEqual(authorizations, ['Bearer fixture-oauth-token']);
+});
+
+test('OAuth status and token minting never expose local OAuth to remote clients', async () => {
+  let oauthReads = 0;
+  const routes = install(
+    openAiRealtimeProxy({
+      realtime: {
+        resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => {
+          oauthReads += 1;
+          return 'must-not-be-read-remotely';
+        },
+        fetchImpl: () =>
+          assert.fail('remote OAuth request must not reach OpenAI'),
+      },
+    }),
+  );
+  const remote = { remoteAddress: '192.168.1.20' };
+  assert.equal(
+    (await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'), remote)).status,
+    403,
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    (
+      await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/token'), {
+        ...remote,
+        url: '/?auth=oauth',
+      })
+    ).status,
+    403,
+  );
+  assert.equal(oauthReads, 0);
+});
+
+test('OAuth status reports local sign-in availability without returning the token', async () => {
+  const routes = install(
+    openAiRealtimeProxy({
+      realtime: { resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => 'fixture-oauth-secret' },
+    }),
+  );
+  const response = await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'));
+  assert.equal(response.status, 200);
+  assert.deepEqual(response.json(), { available: true });
+  assert.equal(response.body.includes('fixture-oauth-secret'), false);
+});
+
+test('OAuth status and token minting report expired sign-in as re-auth required', async () => {
+  const expired = () => {
+    const error = new Error('ChatGPT sign-in has expired.');
+    error.code = 'CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED';
+    throw error;
+  };
+  const routes = install(
+    openAiRealtimeProxy({
+      realtime: {
+        resolveOAuthAccessToken: expired,
+        fetchImpl: () => assert.fail('expired OAuth must not reach OpenAI'),
+      },
+    }),
+  );
+
+  const status = await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'));
+  assert.equal(status.status, 200);
+  assert.deepEqual(status.json(), {
+    available: false,
+    error: 'ChatGPT sign-in has expired.',
+    code: 'CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED',
+    reauthRequired: true,
+  });
+
+  const token = await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/token'), {
+    url: '/?auth=oauth',
+  });
+  assert.equal(token.status, 503);
+  assert.equal(token.json().code, 'CODEX_OAUTH_REAUTH_REQUIRED');
+});
+
+test('OAuth login endpoint shares pending attempts and never exposes credentials', async (t) => {
+  t.mock.timers.enable({ apis: ['setTimeout'] });
+  let starts = 0;
+  let spawnReady;
+  let exit;
+  const plugin = openAiRealtimeProxy({
+    realtime: {
+      resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => {
+        throw new Error('not signed in');
+      },
+      startOAuthLogin: async () => {
+        starts += 1;
+        await new Promise((resolve) => {
+          spawnReady = resolve;
+        });
+        return {
+          completion: new Promise((resolve) => {
+            exit = resolve;
+          }),
+          cancel() {},
+        };
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  t.after(plugin.closeBundle);
+  const routes = install(plugin);
+  const handler = routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-login');
+
+  const firstRequest = request(handler, { method: 'POST' });
+  const concurrent = await request(handler, { method: 'POST' });
+  assert.equal(concurrent.status, 202);
+  assert.equal(concurrent.json().started, false);
+  assert.equal(starts, 1, 'reserve the attempt before awaiting spawn');
+  spawnReady();
+  const started = await firstRequest;
+  assert.equal(started.status, 202);
+  assert.deepEqual(started.json(), {
+    available: false,
+    started: true,
+    pending: true,
+  });
+  assert.equal(starts, 1);
+
+  t.mock.timers.tick(31_000);
+  const duplicate = await request(handler, { method: 'POST' });
+  assert.equal(duplicate.status, 202);
+  assert.equal(duplicate.json().pending, true);
+  assert.equal(starts, 1, 'rapid retries must not spawn another login');
+
+  const remote = await request(handler, {
+    method: 'POST',
+    remoteAddress: '192.168.1.20',
+  });
+  assert.equal(remote.status, 403);
+  assert.equal(starts, 1);
+
+  const crossOrigin = await request(handler, {
+    method: 'POST',
+    origin: 'https://example.com',
+  });
+  assert.equal(crossOrigin.status, 403);
+  assert.equal(starts, 1);
+
+  exit({ exitCode: 1 });
+  await Promise.resolve();
+  const failed = await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'));
+  assert.equal(failed.json().loginFailed, true);
+  assert.equal(failed.json().code, 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED');
+});
+
+test('OAuth status follows process completion, permits retry, and checks credential storage', async (t) => {
+  let token = null;
+  let exit;
+  let starts = 0;
+  const plugin = openAiRealtimeProxy({
+    realtime: {
+      resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => token,
+      startOAuthLogin: async () => {
+        starts += 1;
+        return {
+          completion: new Promise((resolve) => {
+            exit = resolve;
+          }),
+          cancel() {},
+        };
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  t.after(plugin.closeBundle);
+  const routes = install(plugin);
+  const launch = () =>
+    request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-login'), { method: 'POST' });
+  const status = () => request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'));
+  await launch();
+  exit({ exitCode: 0 });
+  await Promise.resolve();
+  assert.equal(
+    (await status()).json().code,
+    'CODEX_OAUTH_STORAGE_UNAVAILABLE',
+    'exit success alone is not usable sign-in',
+  );
+  await launch();
+  assert.equal(starts, 2, 'failed attempts can be retried immediately');
+  token = 'fixture-private-token';
+  exit({ exitCode: 0 });
+  await Promise.resolve();
+  const ready = await status();
+  assert.deepEqual(ready.json(), { available: true });
+  assert.equal(ready.body.includes(token), false);
+});
+
+test('OAuth login timeout and server shutdown cancel the owned process', async () => {
+  let timeout;
+  let cancelled = 0;
+  let cleared = 0;
+  const plugin = openAiRealtimeProxy({
+    realtime: {
+      resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => null,
+      startOAuthLogin: async () => ({
+        completion: new Promise(() => {}),
+        cancel() {
+          cancelled += 1;
+        },
+      }),
+      setTimer(callback, duration) {
+        timeout = callback;
+        assert.equal(duration, 120_000);
+        return 1;
+      },
+      clearTimer() {
+        cleared += 1;
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  const routes = install(plugin);
+  const launch = () =>
+    request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-login'), { method: 'POST' });
+  await launch();
+  timeout();
+  assert.equal(cancelled, 1);
+  const status = await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'));
+  assert.equal(status.json().code, 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_TIMEOUT');
+  await launch();
+  plugin.closeBundle();
+  plugin.closeBundle();
+  assert.equal(cancelled, 2, 'shutdown is idempotent');
+  assert.equal(cleared, 2);
+});
+
+test('OAuth launch errors are safe and cross-origin status requests cannot read credentials', async () => {
+  let reads = 0;
+  const routes = install(
+    openAiRealtimeProxy({
+      realtime: {
+        resolveOAuthAccessToken() {
+          reads += 1;
+          return null;
+        },
+        startOAuthLogin: async () => {
+          throw new Error('private-token-fixture');
+        },
+      },
+    }),
+  );
+  const remote = await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'), {
+    origin: 'https://example.com',
+  });
+  assert.equal(remote.status, 403);
+  assert.equal(reads, 0);
+  const failed = await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-login'), {
+    method: 'POST',
+  });
+  assert.equal(failed.status, 503);
+  assert.equal(failed.json().code, 'CODEX_OAUTH_LOGIN_FAILED');
+  assert.equal(failed.body.includes('private-token-fixture'), false);
+});
+
+test('a login that spawns after timeout is cancelled and cannot replace a retry', async (t) => {
+  let timeout;
+  let releaseSpawn;
+  let cancelled = 0;
+  let launches = 0;
+  const plugin = openAiRealtimeProxy({
+    realtime: {
+      resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => null,
+      startOAuthLogin: async () => {
+        launches += 1;
+        if (launches === 1)
+          await new Promise((resolve) => {
+            releaseSpawn = resolve;
+          });
+        return {
+          completion: new Promise(() => {}),
+          cancel() {
+            cancelled += 1;
+          },
+        };
+      },
+      setTimer(callback) {
+        timeout = callback;
+        return 1;
+      },
+      clearTimer() {},
+    },
+  });
+  t.after(plugin.closeBundle);
+  const routes = install(plugin);
+  const launch = () =>
+    request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-login'), { method: 'POST' });
+  const first = launch();
+  timeout();
+  await launch();
+  releaseSpawn();
+  await first;
+  assert.equal(launches, 2);
+  assert.equal(cancelled, 1, 'late process must not become an orphan');
+  const status = (
+    await request(routes.get('/api/realtime/oauth-status'))
+  ).json();
+  assert.equal(status.pending, true);
+  assert.equal(
+    status.loginFailed,
+    undefined,
+    'the older attempt cannot fail the retry',
+  );
+});
+
+test('OAuth login endpoint selects an existing local sign-in without launching Codex', async () => {
+  const handler = install(
+    openAiRealtimeProxy({
+      realtime: {
+        resolveOAuthAccessToken: () => 'fixture-existing-secret',
+        startOAuthLogin: () =>
+          assert.fail('existing auth must not launch login'),
+      },
+    }),
+  ).get('/api/realtime/oauth-login');
+  const response = await request(handler, { method: 'POST' });
+  assert.equal(response.status, 200);
+  assert.deepEqual(response.json(), {
+    available: true,
+    started: false,
+    pending: false,
+  });
+  assert.equal(response.body.includes('fixture-existing-secret'), false);
+});
+
 test('caption transcription is on by default, reported to the client meter, and can be turned off', async (t) => {
   env(t, 'OPENAI_API_KEY', 'fixture-upstream-secret');
   env(t, 'GEV_RATELIMIT_OPENAI_PER_MIN', undefined);
diff --git a/src/ui/layerPanel.js b/src/ui/layerPanel.js
index ca97e2635..e4c240f23 100644
--- a/src/ui/layerPanel.js
+++ b/src/ui/layerPanel.js
@@ -588,7 +588,12 @@ export class LayerPanel {
   }
 
   _syncToggleButton(button, layer) {
-    const feedState = layer.enabled ? layerFeedState(layer.stats) : 'off';
+    const unavailable = layer.stats?.sourceUnavailable === true;
+    const feedState = unavailable
+      ? 'unavailable'
+      : layer.enabled
+        ? layerFeedState(layer.stats)
+        : 'off';
     const transitioning =
       layer.lifecycleState === 'enabling' ||
       layer.lifecycleState === 'disabling';
@@ -601,7 +606,7 @@ export class LayerPanel {
     for (const state of Object.keys(FEED_STATE_LABELS)) {
       button.classList.toggle(
         `feed-${state}`,
-        layer.enabled && !uncertain && feedState === state,
+        (layer.enabled || unavailable) && !uncertain && feedState === state,
       );
     }
     button.dataset.feedState = transitioning
@@ -613,16 +618,21 @@ export class LayerPanel {
     // click guard above prevents repeat activation without the focus loss caused
     // by native `disabled`.
     button.disabled = false;
-    button.setAttribute('aria-disabled', String(transitioning));
+    button.setAttribute(
+      'aria-disabled',
+      String(transitioning || (unavailable && !layer.enabled)),
+    );
     button.setAttribute('aria-busy', String(transitioning));
     button.textContent = transitioning
       ? layer.lifecycleState.toUpperCase()
       : uncertain
         ? 'UNCERTAIN'
-        : layer.enabled
+        : layer.enabled || unavailable
           ? FEED_STATE_LABELS[feedState]
           : 'OFF';
-    const keyGuidance = layerKeyRequirementTooltip(layer);
+    const keyGuidance = unavailable
+      ? String(layer.stats.error || 'Data source unavailable')
+      : layerKeyRequirementTooltip(layer);
     // Name the missing key on the control itself: a row reading KEY REQUIRED
     // without saying WHICH key leaves a dead control and no next step. Empty
     // when the layer needs no key, or already has one.
diff --git a/src/ui/layerPanel.test.mjs b/src/ui/layerPanel.test.mjs
index b1c58f747..1258cc76a 100644
--- a/src/ui/layerPanel.test.mjs
+++ b/src/ui/layerPanel.test.mjs
@@ -228,3 +228,33 @@ test('the Recent Imagery readout mounts in its rail body like the weather readou
     globalThis.document = previousDocument;
   }
 });
+
+test('an omitted source is visibly unavailable and cannot be toggled on', async () => {
+  const { LayerPanel } = await import('./layerPanel.js');
+  const attrs = new Map();
+  const button = {
+    classList: { toggle() {} },
+    dataset: {},
+    setAttribute: (key, value) => attrs.set(key, value),
+  };
+  const layer = {
+    id: 'flights',
+    name: 'Flights',
+    enabled: false,
+    stats: {
+      sourceUnavailable: true,
+      status: 'unavailable',
+      error: 'Data source not configured: flights',
+    },
+  };
+  LayerPanel.prototype._syncToggleButton(button, layer);
+  assert.equal(button.textContent, 'UNAVAILABLE');
+  assert.equal(attrs.get('aria-disabled'), 'true');
+  assert.match(button.title, /not configured/);
+  LayerPanel.prototype._syncToggleButton(button, { ...layer, enabled: true });
+  assert.equal(
+    attrs.get('aria-disabled'),
+    'false',
+    'an active layer can always be switched off',
+  );
+});
diff --git a/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.js b/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.js
index af6ad8c8c..da3140b24 100644
--- a/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.js
+++ b/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.js
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ function presentViewer(state) {
 }
 
 function presentMeta(state) {
+  if (state.providers.length === 0) return state.coverage.hint || '';
   if (!state.enabled) return 'Switch a provider on to draw its coverage.';
   if (state.sequence.selectedId)
     return state.sequence.loading
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ export function presentStreetLevelPanel(state, { now = Date.now() } = {}) {
     enabled,
     keyRequired,
     status: presentStatus(state),
-    controlsDisabled: keyRequired,
+    controlsDisabled: keyRequired || state.providers.length === 0,
     providers: presentProviders(state),
     error: keyMissing
       ? null
diff --git a/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.test.mjs b/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.test.mjs
index d5075ac69..d2a24c94a 100644
--- a/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.test.mjs
+++ b/src/ui/streetLevelPresentation.test.mjs
@@ -9,6 +9,23 @@ import { providerSnapshot } from '../testSupport/streetLevelFakes.mjs';
 
 const provider = providerSnapshot;
 
+test('an empty composition explains unavailable imagery even while disabled', () => {
+  for (const enabled of [false, true]) {
+    const view = presentStreetLevelPanel(
+      snapshot({
+        enabled,
+        providers: [],
+        coverage: { hint: 'No street-level imagery providers configured' },
+        legend: [],
+      }),
+    );
+    assert.equal(view.controlsDisabled, true);
+    assert.equal(view.keyRequired, false);
+    assert.deepEqual(view.providers, []);
+    assert.equal(view.meta, 'No street-level imagery providers configured');
+  }
+});
+
 function snapshot(overrides = {}) {
   const base = {
     enabled: false,
diff --git a/src/ui/styles/provider-settings.css b/src/ui/styles/provider-settings.css
index b68593990..7563a886d 100644
--- a/src/ui/styles/provider-settings.css
+++ b/src/ui/styles/provider-settings.css
@@ -300,6 +300,43 @@
   color: rgba(148, 178, 188, 0.42);
 }
 
+.key-setup-cloud-auth {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.key-setup-cloud-auth-state {
+  color: rgba(190, 214, 222, 0.7);
+  font-family: var(--font-mono);
+  font-size: 0.56rem;
+  letter-spacing: 0.05rem;
+}
+
+.key-setup-cloud-auth-toggle {
+  margin-left: auto;
+  padding: 0.28rem 0.55rem;
+  color: rgba(54, 220, 255, 0.9);
+  font-family: var(--font-mono);
+  font-size: 0.55rem;
+  letter-spacing: 0.06rem;
+  background: rgba(54, 220, 255, 0.08);
+  border: 1px solid rgba(54, 220, 255, 0.28);
+  border-radius: 0.32rem;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.key-setup-cloud-auth-toggle:hover,
+.key-setup-cloud-auth-toggle:focus-visible {
+  border-color: rgba(54, 220, 255, 0.65);
+  outline: none;
+}
+
+.key-setup-cloud-auth-toggle[aria-disabled='true'] {
+  cursor: wait;
+  opacity: 0.5;
+}
+
 .key-setup-footer {
   margin-top: 0.85rem;
 }
diff --git a/src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.js b/src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..77feae8aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.js
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+export const CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_MODES = Object.freeze(['api-key', 'oauth']);
+export const DEFAULT_CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_MODE = 'api-key';
+export const CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_STORAGE_KEY = 'godsEyeView.voice.cloudAuth';
+
+function storageRef(storage) {
+  if (storage) return storage;
+  try {
+    return typeof localStorage === 'undefined' ? null : localStorage;
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+export function normalizeCloudVoiceAuthMode(mode) {
+  const normalized = String(mode || '')
+    .trim()
+    .toLowerCase();
+  return CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_MODES.includes(normalized)
+    ? normalized
+    : DEFAULT_CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_MODE;
+}
+
+export function readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode(storage) {
+  try {
+    return normalizeCloudVoiceAuthMode(
+      storageRef(storage)?.getItem(CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_STORAGE_KEY),
+    );
+  } catch {
+    return DEFAULT_CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_MODE;
+  }
+}
+
+export function writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode(mode, storage) {
+  const resolved = normalizeCloudVoiceAuthMode(mode);
+  try {
+    storageRef(storage)?.setItem(CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_STORAGE_KEY, resolved);
+  } catch {
+    /* best effort */
+  }
+  return resolved;
+}
diff --git a/src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.test.mjs b/src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c7a4c2e4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/voice/cloudVoiceAuth.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import {
+  CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_STORAGE_KEY,
+  readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode,
+  writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode,
+} from './cloudVoiceAuth.js';
+
+function memoryStorage(seed = {}) {
+  const values = new Map(Object.entries(seed));
+  return {
+    getItem: (key) => values.get(key) ?? null,
+    setItem: (key, value) => values.set(key, value),
+  };
+}
+
+test('cloud voice auth defaults to API key and persists OAuth independently', () => {
+  const storage = memoryStorage();
+  assert.equal(readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode(storage), 'api-key');
+  assert.equal(writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode('oauth', storage), 'oauth');
+  assert.equal(readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode(storage), 'oauth');
+  assert.equal(writeStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode('unknown', storage), 'api-key');
+  assert.equal(
+    readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode(
+      memoryStorage({ [CLOUD_VOICE_AUTH_STORAGE_KEY]: 'oauth' }),
+    ),
+    'oauth',
+  );
+});
diff --git a/src/voice/gevRealtime.test.mjs b/src/voice/gevRealtime.test.mjs
index d59cee759..541e2cc04 100644
--- a/src/voice/gevRealtime.test.mjs
+++ b/src/voice/gevRealtime.test.mjs
@@ -3195,6 +3195,54 @@ test('F1: the toggle still records the next-session preference while live', () =
   assert.match(ui.tierButton.title, /this session stays on/i);
 });
 
+test('OAuth cloud sessions report unknown cost and usage without tripping the API spend guard', () => {
+  const { controller, ui } = costControllerHarness();
+  controller.status = 'listening';
+  controller._cost.cloudVoiceAuth = 'oauth';
+  controller._cost.sessionCloudVoiceAuth = 'oauth';
+  controller.syncCostUi();
+  const before = controller.costTracker.state();
+  assert.equal(ui.costValue.hidden, false);
+  assert.equal(ui.costValue.textContent, 'COST UNKNOWN');
+  assert.deepEqual(controller.recordUsage(usdUsage(100)), {
+    responses: 1,
+    input: 0,
+    output: 1562500,
+    captions: 0,
+    costKnown: false,
+  });
+  const after = controller.costTracker.state();
+  assert.equal(after.totalUsd, before.totalUsd);
+  assert.equal(controller.costCapStopped, false);
+  assert.match(ui.costValue.title, /1 response\(s\).*1562500 output tokens/);
+  controller.dc = {};
+  controller.responseActive = true;
+  controller.stop();
+  assert.match(ui.costValue.title, /Usage is incomplete/);
+});
+
+test('OAuth cloud sessions count caption transcriptions without pricing them into the API cap', () => {
+  const { controller, ui } = costControllerHarness();
+  controller.status = 'listening';
+  controller._cost.cloudVoiceAuth = 'oauth';
+  controller._cost.sessionCloudVoiceAuth = 'oauth';
+  controller._cost.bindTranscriptionModel('gpt-4o-mini-transcribe');
+  const before = controller.costTracker.state();
+  // Priced, this much caption audio would cross the $5 cap.
+  const result = controller.recordTranscriptionUsage({
+    type: 'duration',
+    seconds: 3_600_000,
+  });
+  assert.equal(result.captions, 1);
+  assert.equal(result.costKnown, false);
+  const after = controller.costTracker.state();
+  assert.equal(after.totalUsd, before.totalUsd);
+  assert.equal(after.capReached, false);
+  assert.equal(controller.costCapStopped, false);
+  assert.equal(ui.costValue.textContent, 'COST UNKNOWN');
+  assert.match(ui.costValue.title, /1 caption transcription\(s\)/);
+});
+
 test('F1: when idle, toggling does re-price the preview meter', () => {
   const { controller } = costControllerHarness();
   controller.status = 'idle';
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeBackend.js b/src/voice/realtimeBackend.js
index 66355bd39..ca38432ee 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeBackend.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeBackend.js
@@ -15,11 +15,19 @@ export function createRealtimeBackend({
     );
   return Object.freeze({
     protocol: 'openai-realtime',
-    async requestToken({ tier = DEFAULT_VOICE_TIER, signal } = {}) {
+    async requestToken({
+      tier = DEFAULT_VOICE_TIER,
+      authMode = 'api-key',
+      signal,
+    } = {}) {
       signal = scoped(signal);
       signal.throwIfAborted();
       const separator = tokenEndpoint.includes('?') ? '&' : '?';
-      const url = `${tokenEndpoint}${separator}tier=${encodeURIComponent(resolveVoiceModel(tier).tier)}`;
+      const query = new URLSearchParams({
+        tier: resolveVoiceModel(tier).tier,
+      });
+      if (authMode === 'oauth') query.set('auth', 'oauth');
+      const url = `${tokenEndpoint}${separator}${query}`;
       const response = await tokenTransport(url, {
         signal,
         cache: 'no-store',
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeBackend.test.mjs b/src/voice/realtimeBackend.test.mjs
index 1fc21da9d..d179f5b6b 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeBackend.test.mjs
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeBackend.test.mjs
@@ -41,6 +41,22 @@ test('separate configured token and SDP transports preserve model metadata and c
   ]);
 });
 
+test('OAuth is an additive token query while API key stays the default', async () => {
+  const calls = [];
+  const backend = createRealtimeBackend({
+    tokenTransport: async (input) => {
+      calls.push(input);
+      return tokenReply();
+    },
+  });
+  await backend.requestToken();
+  await backend.requestToken({ authMode: 'oauth' });
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, [
+    '/api/realtime/token?tier=standard',
+    '/api/realtime/token?tier=standard&auth=oauth',
+  ]);
+});
+
 test('denied tokens never negotiate or retry; reconnect requests a fresh token', async () => {
   let requests = 0;
   const backend = createRealtimeBackend({
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js b/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js
index 7b1f3aef8..4f1e0c482 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ export class RealtimeConnection {
     this.debugLog('session.starting', {
       epoch,
       tier: this.cost.voiceTier,
+      authMode: this.cost.sessionCloudVoiceAuth,
       connection: this.connectionDiagnostics(),
     });
     let localStream = null;
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ export class RealtimeConnection {
     try {
       const minted = await this.backend.requestToken({
         tier: this.cost.voiceTier,
+        authMode: this.cost.sessionCloudVoiceAuth,
         signal,
       });
       const token = minted.token;
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeController.js b/src/voice/realtimeController.js
index 923af56d6..7cc9c8d69 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeController.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeController.js
@@ -374,7 +374,10 @@ export class GevRealtimeController extends RealtimeFacade {
       status: this.status,
       connection: this.connectionDiagnostics(),
     });
-    if (this.dc && this.responseActive) this.costTracker.markIncomplete();
+    if (this.dc && this.responseActive) {
+      this.costTracker.markIncomplete();
+      this.syncCostUi();
+    }
     this._metrics.flush('stop');
     this._connection.closeTransport();
     this.stopVoiceVisualizer();
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeCost.js b/src/voice/realtimeCost.js
index 9691dccad..d3d7f684e 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeCost.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeCost.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import {
   writeStoredVoiceTier,
   writeStoredVoiceLimits,
 } from './realtimePreferences.js';
+import { readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode } from './cloudVoiceAuth.js';
 import {
   createVoiceCostTracker,
   resolveVoiceModel,
@@ -17,6 +18,9 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
     Object.assign(this, { readUi, readStatus }, operations);
     this.voiceTier = readStoredVoiceTier();
     this.voiceLimits = readStoredVoiceLimits();
+    this.cloudVoiceAuth = readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode();
+    this.sessionCloudVoiceAuth = null;
+    this.oauthUsage = { responses: 0, input: 0, output: 0, captions: 0 };
     this.transcribeModel = null;
     this.costTracker = createVoiceCostTracker({
       tier: this.voiceTier,
@@ -58,6 +62,21 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
             }; applies next session`;
     }
     if (this.ui?.costValue) {
+      const liveAuth = this.sessionCloudVoiceAuth || this.cloudVoiceAuth;
+      if (liveAuth === 'oauth') {
+        const { responses, input, output, captions } = this.oauthUsage;
+        this.ui.costValue.hidden = false;
+        this.ui.costValue.textContent = 'COST UNKNOWN';
+        this.ui.costValue.dataset.level = 'unknown';
+        this.ui.costValue.title =
+          `ChatGPT OAuth session: ${responses} response(s), ${input} input and ${output} output tokens, ${captions} caption transcription(s) reported. ` +
+          'USD cost and the API spend cap are unavailable for this auth mode.' +
+          (state.incomplete
+            ? ' Usage is incomplete because a response was still in flight when the session ended.'
+            : '');
+        return;
+      }
+      this.ui.costValue.hidden = false;
       this.ui.costValue.textContent = state.display;
       this.ui.costValue.dataset.level = state.level;
       this.ui.costValue.title =
@@ -138,6 +157,15 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
    */
   recordUsage(usage) {
     if (!usage) return null;
+    if (this.sessionCloudVoiceAuth === 'oauth') {
+      const count = (value) =>
+        Number.isFinite(value) && value > 0 ? value : 0;
+      this.oauthUsage.responses += 1;
+      this.oauthUsage.input += count(usage.input_tokens);
+      this.oauthUsage.output += count(usage.output_tokens);
+      this.syncCostUi();
+      return { ...this.oauthUsage, costKnown: false };
+    }
     return this.applyCost(this.costTracker.record(usage));
   }
 
@@ -148,6 +176,13 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
    */
   recordTranscriptionUsage(usage) {
     if (!usage) return null;
+    // An OAuth session has no API-dollar meter, so captions are counted
+    // rather than priced into the API-key warning and cap.
+    if (this.sessionCloudVoiceAuth === 'oauth') {
+      this.oauthUsage.captions += 1;
+      this.syncCostUi();
+      return { ...this.oauthUsage, costKnown: false };
+    }
     return this.applyCost(
       this.costTracker.recordUsd(
         estimateTranscriptionCostUsd(usage, this.transcribeModel),
@@ -213,6 +248,9 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
   prepareSession() {
     this.voiceTier = readStoredVoiceTier();
     this.voiceLimits = readStoredVoiceLimits();
+    this.cloudVoiceAuth = readStoredCloudVoiceAuthMode();
+    this.sessionCloudVoiceAuth = this.cloudVoiceAuth;
+    this.oauthUsage = { responses: 0, input: 0, output: 0, captions: 0 };
     this.costCapStopped = false;
     // Provisional meter (tier-priced) so the readout shows $0.00 while
     // connecting. It is REPLACED below with one bound to the model the server