Draw no buoy for a virtual aid to navigation

A virtual aid (AIS message 21's VirtualAtoN flag) is a mark broadcast
where nothing physical stands, so drawing it as a buoy showed a mark
that is not there. The vessel source record now carries `virtual`
(false unless a source says true; any source may set it), AISStream
sets it from VirtualAtoN, and the vessel layer keeps such an aid's
disc: vesselModelSpec returns null for it and the layer gathers no
model item for it. Its card, selected card and readout add VIRTUAL
after its kind.

changelog.d/1733-buoy-models.md

@@ -6,4 +6,6 @@
   show its kind of mark with no speed or heading. AISStream now subscribes to
   aid-to-navigation reports and names each by its kind of mark and its full
   name; the feed lists every ship ahead of any aid, and `vessels_in_area`
-  counts ships only (samehkhamis, #0000).
+  counts ships only. A virtual aid (a mark broadcast where nothing physical
+  stands) keeps its disc, is never drawn as a buoy, and its card says it is
+  virtual; vessel sources may mark any record `virtual` (samehkhamis, #1733).

docs/CURRENT-STATE.md

@@ -7430,7 +7430,7 @@ pins and share links already supply complete boxes.
   30-second backoff ahead of the current clock are ignored. A smaller rollback
   can retain a bounded retry delay of up to 30 seconds.
 - Commercial and military aircraft use the same high-level FLEET model regime: 2D billboards when zoomed out, optional glTF models when closer, controlled by the DISPLAY rail `3D` toggle and `Proximity` / `All` modes. Every model is one of the project's procedural fleet models (`public/models/fleet/`, MIT, 122 GLBs, about 2 MB in all; `public/models/README.md`), chosen per aircraft by `aircraftModelSpec` (`src/data/fleetModels.js`): the first of its ICAO type's callsign rules in `types.json` (`aircraft_callsign`) its callsign matches, else its type's entry, else the model of its `classifyAircraft` class for a type the map lacks, else its ADS-B emitter category's, else the default airliner. It is drawn LIFE SIZE: the type's published length over the model's built length (`src/layers/flights/modelSpec.js`, shared by Flights, Military Flights and Local ADS-B), and a grounded aircraft stands the model's scaled clearance above the ground. An airport ground vehicle (feed type `ZVEH`) is a fire truck (`FIRE…`), pushback tug (`PUSH…`, `TUG…`), van (`DEICER…`, `SQUID…`, `SQB…`) or else a car by its callsign, and a ground station (`GRND`) is an 11.8 m radio mast; these models (catalog category `other`) are drawn at their built size, and such a contact with no altitude stands on the ground instead of at the airborne default (`src/layers/flights/records.js`). `classifyAircraft` still picks the 2D icons. The whole set loads once, up front, when a layer that draws it starts (`loadFleetModelSet`, which logs `[Fleet] N/122 models (X MB) loaded in N ms`); models are built from those bytes, never fetched mid-session, and an aircraft stays its billboard until the set has loaded. Every aircraft model draws its mesh's own colours (`aircraftModelBlend`, `src/data/aircraftModelLighting.js`): Cesium's `ColorBlendMode.HIGHLIGHT` with white, in Flights, Military Flights and Local ADS-B alike; the tracked colour (cyan, or amber in Military Flights) and the emergency red multiply into the mesh, so its paint still shows. IR boost draws them flat white (`MIX` at `1.0`). Under NVG/FLIR (map preset or Cockpit vision) models render unlit flat-white at full alpha and scene fog is disabled (fog otherwise blacks out distant models with the globe hidden); state restores on exit.
-- Vessels, Transit and Rail draw fleet models under the same DISPLAY rail `3D` toggle, at the same altitude ceiling, caps and add/keep radii as the aircraft (`FLEET_MODEL_POLICY`, `src/layers/flights/policy.js`; `createFleetModelLayer`, `src/data/fleetModelInstances.js`). A vessel's model follows its AIS ship type and is drawn at its reported length and beam (AIS static dimensions A+B and C+D, now carried on vessel rows as `length` and `beam`), standing at the sea surface, heading by true heading then course. An aid to navigation is not a hull: a vessel record whose type names a buoy, beacon, mark, RACON or light, or whose MMSI is an aid-to-navigation station's (`99MIDxxxx`), is `isAidToNavigation` (`src/data/vesselTypes.js`) and is drawn as the set's `buoys` model of the IALA mark its type names (`aidToNavigationModel`, `src/data/fleetModels.js`: cardinal N/E/S/W, port or starboard hand, preferred channel by its side, safe water, isolated danger, special mark; a beacon, light, light vessel, RACON or reference point with no mark of its own is the special mark), else a red can (`DEFAULT_AID_MODEL`), at its built size and facing north whatever heading it reports. A type is an aid's when it is one of the 32 kinds an aid report names or uses a word for one (buoy, beacon, cardinal, safe water, RACON, lighthouse and so on); a vessel that works on aids (`Buoy Tender`, `Buoy Layer`) is not one. Its icon is a bone-white ringed disc (`AID_TO_NAVIGATION_STYLE`, `src/data/vesselLabels.js`) instead of a chevron, never rotated, and its card, selected card and HUD readout (`src/layers/vessels/cards.js`) show its kind alone, whole, in that colour: no speed or heading, since a fixed mark has neither. AISStream subscribes to `AidsToNavigationReport` (message 21) by default, and the server names each report's aid type code (0 to 31) as its kind (`aidToNavigationTypeName`: `20` is `Cardinal Mark N`) rather than reading it as a ship type, and its name runs on into the report's `NameExtension`. `aisStreamRows` (`server/providers/vessels/ais-store.js`) puts every vessel ahead of every aid, so a capped request (the layer asks for 12,000 rows) never gives up a ship for a buoy. The `vessels_in_area` tool (and the brief built on it) counts ships only: it leaves aids out of its rows, counts, breakdowns and speed stats. A transit vehicle's model follows its layer mode (bus, tram, subway, rail or ferry; a vehicle of `unknown` mode keeps its icon), a train's its rail category and mode (rail, metro or tram). Neither the transit nor the rail sources carry a GTFS `route_type` or a finer mode (monorail, gondola, funicular, cable car), so the set's models for those and their `transit.elevation` lifts are not reached by any live source today. Both stand on the road or rail top they are drawn on, without the 1.5 m `GROUND_FLOOR_LIFT_M` their icons carry, and are painted in their mode or category colour where the model's `_TINT` attribute marks it. A vessel model is clipped at its waterline (one clipping plane per model, at the model origin's horizontal plane), so its hull below the water never shows through a plain globe, which Cesium does not depth-test models against. Under the NVG/FLIR styles (the Flights `irBoost` parameter) these models render unlit flat white, as aircraft models do. Each vehicle's icon stays the visual until its model is loaded, ready and placed; a model is picked as its icon is, and a vehicle drawn as its model keeps its selection card and its place in the detection overlay.
+- Vessels, Transit and Rail draw fleet models under the same DISPLAY rail `3D` toggle, at the same altitude ceiling, caps and add/keep radii as the aircraft (`FLEET_MODEL_POLICY`, `src/layers/flights/policy.js`; `createFleetModelLayer`, `src/data/fleetModelInstances.js`). A vessel's model follows its AIS ship type and is drawn at its reported length and beam (AIS static dimensions A+B and C+D, now carried on vessel rows as `length` and `beam`), standing at the sea surface, heading by true heading then course. An aid to navigation is not a hull: a vessel record whose type names a buoy, beacon, mark, RACON or light, or whose MMSI is an aid-to-navigation station's (`99MIDxxxx`), is `isAidToNavigation` (`src/data/vesselTypes.js`) and is drawn as the set's `buoys` model of the IALA mark its type names (`aidToNavigationModel`, `src/data/fleetModels.js`: cardinal N/E/S/W, port or starboard hand, preferred channel by its side, safe water, isolated danger, special mark; a beacon, light, light vessel, RACON or reference point with no mark of its own is the special mark), else a red can (`DEFAULT_AID_MODEL`), at its built size and facing north whatever heading it reports. A type is an aid's when it is one of the 32 kinds an aid report names or uses a word for one (buoy, beacon, cardinal, safe water, RACON, lighthouse and so on); a vessel that works on aids (`Buoy Tender`, `Buoy Layer`) is not one. Its icon is a bone-white ringed disc (`AID_TO_NAVIGATION_STYLE`, `src/data/vesselLabels.js`) instead of a chevron, never rotated, and its card, selected card and HUD readout (`src/layers/vessels/cards.js`) show its kind alone, whole, in that colour: no speed or heading, since a fixed mark has neither. AISStream subscribes to `AidsToNavigationReport` (message 21) by default, and the server names each report's aid type code (0 to 31) as its kind (`aidToNavigationTypeName`: `20` is `Cardinal Mark N`) rather than reading it as a ship type, and its name runs on into the report's `NameExtension`. A virtual aid (the report's `VirtualAtoN` flag: a mark broadcast where nothing physical stands) carries `virtual: true` on its row, and on its vessel source record (the live-source contract's `virtual`, `src/sources/live/contract.js`, false unless a source says true; any source may set it). It keeps its disc but never gets a model (`vesselModelSpec` returns null for it, and the vessel layer gathers no model item for it), and its card and readout add `VIRTUAL` after its kind. `aisStreamRows` (`server/providers/vessels/ais-store.js`) puts every vessel ahead of every aid, so a capped request (the layer asks for 12,000 rows) never gives up a ship for a buoy. The `vessels_in_area` tool (and the brief built on it) counts ships only: it leaves aids out of its rows, counts, breakdowns and speed stats. A transit vehicle's model follows its layer mode (bus, tram, subway, rail or ferry; a vehicle of `unknown` mode keeps its icon), a train's its rail category and mode (rail, metro or tram). Neither the transit nor the rail sources carry a GTFS `route_type` or a finer mode (monorail, gondola, funicular, cable car), so the set's models for those and their `transit.elevation` lifts are not reached by any live source today. Both stand on the road or rail top they are drawn on, without the 1.5 m `GROUND_FLOOR_LIFT_M` their icons carry, and are painted in their mode or category colour where the model's `_TINT` attribute marks it. A vessel model is clipped at its waterline (one clipping plane per model, at the model origin's horizontal plane), so its hull below the water never shows through a plain globe, which Cesium does not depth-test models against. Under the NVG/FLIR styles (the Flights `irBoost` parameter) these models render unlit flat white, as aircraft models do. Each vehicle's icon stays the visual until its model is loaded, ready and placed; a model is picked as its icon is, and a vehicle drawn as its model keeps its selection card and its place in the detection overlay.
 - **Aircraft models skip Cesium's dynamic environment map (2026-10-24).** Flights, Military Flights and Local ADS-B pass `environmentMapOptions: AIRCRAFT_ENVIRONMENT_MAP_OPTIONS` (`{ enabled: false }`, `src/data/aircraftModelLighting.js`) to every drawn model. Otherwise each `Model` renders the sky around it and reads it back from the GPU (`readPixels`) when it is first placed, and again whenever it moves more than 1 km, the scene's atmosphere settings change, or (under sunlight dynamic lighting) an hour of scene time passes (`DynamicEnvironmentMapManager`, Cesium 1.138). The models are lit from Cesium's default spherical harmonics instead, with no specular environment map, so the sky's model-lighting cube map no longer reaches aircraft. `src/data/aircraftModelLighting.test.mjs` pins the option at every drawn model call; every model is built from the fleet set loaded up front, so there is no separate preload.
 - The DISPLAY-rail `3D` toggle is the user-facing activation path for both aircraft layers. Their small approved GLBs build their render resources without Cesium's frame-spread job queue, preventing continuous Photorealistic 3D Tiles streaming from starving model readiness; model caps, tracking, camera, and fallback billboards are unchanged.
 - **The `3D` toggle DEFAULTS ON in `proximity` on a first run.** Proximity is itself the budget — models appear only below `MODEL_ALT_CEIL_M` and only for the nearest `MODEL_MAX` in view — so the default costs nothing at globe scale, and `all` remains a deliberate opt-in. A fresh boot runs NO layer-state restoration (`LayerStateCoordinator.start()` returns early with neither a share payload nor stored state), so four independent initializers decide what a first-run operator sees and must agree: `booleanOption('models3d', 'e', true)` in `src/data/layerState.js`, `_models3dEnabled = true` in BOTH flight layers, `this._models3dEnabled = true` in `src/ui/aircraftDisplay.js`, and the `active` / `visible` classes on `#models3d-toggle` / `#models3d-mode-row` in `index.html`. All four are pinned together in `src/data/layerState.test.mjs`. Explicit state still wins: because the codec omits default-valued options, `models3d: false` is now what travels in a link (`lo=…f.e.0`) and restores OFF at both aircraft layers. **Consequence for returning users:** a stored `gev:layer-state:v2` blob is a FULL options snapshot, so a session that wrote one before this change carries `models3d:false` and keeps 3D off until the operator flips it (or clears the key) — the durable snapshot is treated as the recipient's own state, by design.

server/providers/vessels/ais-store.js

@@ -143,6 +143,9 @@ export function ingestAisStreamEnvelope(envelope) {
     // Use the AIS message's own report time, not server ingest wall-clock —
     // trail spacing and dead reckoning depend on true fix epochs.
     last_position_epoch: aisEpochSeconds(metadata.time_utc ?? metadata.TimeUtc),
+    // A virtual aid is broadcast where nothing physical stands. Only such a
+    // row carries the field, so ship rows stay their size.
+    ...(aidReport && message.VirtualAtoN === true && { virtual: true }),
     _updatedAt: Date.now(),
   });
 

src/data/aisLiveVessels.test.mjs

@@ -1916,7 +1916,23 @@ test('the HUD of a selected aid to navigation shows no speed or heading', () =>
     assert.equal(aisLiveVesselsLayer.selectById(harness.record.mmsi), true);
     assert.match(harness.hud.readout.text, /\nPort hand Mark\n/);
     assert.doesNotMatch(harness.hud.readout.text, /SPD|HDG|KT/);
+    harness.record.virtual = true;
+    aisLiveVesselsLayer.selectById(harness.record.mmsi);
+    assert.match(harness.hud.readout.text, /\nPort hand Mark · VIRTUAL\n/);
   } finally {
     harness.cleanup();
   }
 });
+
+test('a virtual aid to navigation card says it is virtual', () => {
+  const aid = makeRecord({
+    mmsi: '993672001',
+    type: 'Isolated danger',
+    virtual: true,
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(buildVesselCard(aid).details, ['ISOLATED DANGER · VIRTUAL']);
+  assert.equal(
+    buildSelectedVesselCard(aid).details[0],
+    'ISOLATED DANGER · VIRTUAL',
+  );
+});

src/data/aisStreamSentinels.test.mjs

@@ -388,3 +388,25 @@ test('a capped row request keeps every vessel ahead of aids to navigation', () =
     aisStreamRows(vesselCount).every((row) => !row.mmsi.startsWith('99')),
   );
 });
+
+test('a virtual aid to navigation is marked virtual; a real one carries no flag', () => {
+  const aidReport = (mmsi, VirtualAtoN) => ({
+    MessageType: 'AidsToNavigationReport',
+    Message: {
+      AidsToNavigationReport: { UserID: Number(mmsi), Type: 28, VirtualAtoN },
+    },
+    MetaData: {
+      MMSI: mmsi,
+      latitude: 37.79,
+      longitude: -122.52,
+      time_utc: '2026-09-17 20:00:00.000000000 +0000 UTC',
+    },
+  });
+  ingestAisStreamEnvelope(aidReport('993672004', true));
+  ingestAisStreamEnvelope(aidReport('993672005', false));
+  assert.equal(rowFor('993672004').virtual, true);
+  assert.equal('virtual' in rowFor('993672005'), false);
+  // A later real report of the same aid drops the flag.
+  ingestAisStreamEnvelope(aidReport('993672004', false));
+  assert.equal('virtual' in rowFor('993672004'), false);
+});

src/data/fleetModels.js

@@ -443,13 +443,20 @@ export function aircraftModelSpec(
  * ({@link isAidToNavigation}: its type names a buoy, beacon, mark, RACON or
  * light, or its MMSI is an aid's) is the buoy of its mark
  * ({@link aidToNavigationModel}), else {@link DEFAULT_AID_MODEL}, drawn as
- * built and flagged `fixed`: it has no heading to turn to.
+ * built and flagged `fixed`: it has no heading to turn to. A virtual aid
+ * (`virtual`) is broadcast where nothing physical stands, so it has no model.
  * @param {{catalog: object, types: object}} set
  * @param {{type?: string|number|null, mmsi?: string|number|null,
- *   length?: number|null, beam?: number|null, name?: string|null}} vessel
- * @returns {object} {@link fleetModelSpec}, with `fixed` for an aid
+ *   virtual?: boolean, length?: number|null, beam?: number|null,
+ *   name?: string|null}} vessel
+ * @returns {object|null} {@link fleetModelSpec}, with `fixed` for an aid;
+ *   null for a virtual aid
  */
-export function vesselModelSpec(set, { type, mmsi, length, beam, name } = {}) {
+export function vesselModelSpec(
+  set,
+  { type, mmsi, virtual, length, beam, name } = {},
+) {
+  if (virtual === true) return null;
   if (isAidToNavigation({ type, mmsi })) {
     const model = aidToNavigationModel(type);
     const known = model && set.catalog[model] ? model : DEFAULT_AID_MODEL;

src/data/fleetModels.test.mjs

@@ -423,6 +423,15 @@ test('aids to navigation are the buoy of the mark their type names', () => {
   assert.equal(unnamed.model, DEFAULT_AID_MODEL);
   assert.equal(unnamed.fixed, true);
   assert.equal(aidToNavigationModel('Fixed structure off shore'), undefined);
+  // A virtual aid is broadcast where nothing stands: it keeps its disc.
+  assert.equal(
+    vesselModelSpec(set, {
+      type: 'Cardinal Mark N',
+      mmsi: '993672001',
+      virtual: true,
+    }),
+    null,
+  );
   // Vessels, including those that work on buoys, keep their hulls.
   for (const vessel of [
     { type: 'Buoy Tender', mmsi: '366999001', length: 60 },

src/data/vesselTypes.js

@@ -140,11 +140,13 @@ function typeNamesAid(text) {
  * Whether a vessel record is an aid to navigation (a buoy, beacon, mark,
  * RACON or light) rather than a vessel: its type is one of the kinds an aid
  * report names or uses a word for one, or its MMSI is an aid-to-navigation
- * station's. A numeric AIS ship type never names one.
- * @param {{type?: string|number|null, mmsi?: string|number|null}} vessel
+ * station's, or it is a virtual aid. A numeric AIS ship type never names one.
+ * @param {{type?: string|number|null, mmsi?: string|number|null,
+ *   virtual?: boolean}} vessel
  * @returns {boolean}
  */
-export function isAidToNavigation({ type, mmsi } = {}) {
+export function isAidToNavigation({ type, mmsi, virtual } = {}) {
+  if (virtual === true) return true;
   const text = typeof type === 'string' ? type.trim() : String(type ?? '');
   if (text && typeNamesAid(text)) return true;
   if (mmsi === null || mmsi === undefined || mmsi === '') return false;

src/data/vesselTypes.test.mjs

@@ -36,6 +36,11 @@ test('aids to navigation are known by their type, else their MMSI', () => {
     'Emergency wreck marking buoy',
   ])
     assert.equal(isAidToNavigation({ type, mmsi: '' }), true, type);
+  // A virtual aid is an aid whatever its type or MMSI.
+  assert.equal(
+    isAidToNavigation({ type: '', mmsi: '', virtual: true }),
+    true,
+  );
   // AIS aid-to-navigation stations are numbered 99MIDxxxx.
   assert.equal(isAidToNavigation({ type: '', mmsi: '993672001' }), true);
   assert.equal(isAidToNavigation({ type: '0', mmsi: ' 992351234 ' }), true);

src/i18n/locales/ar.json

@@ -777,6 +777,7 @@
   "OTHER": "أخرى",
   "VESSEL": "سفينة",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "مساعدة ملاحية",
+  "VIRTUAL": "افتراضي",
   "POS: LIVE": "الموضع: مباشر",
   "POS: {time}Z": "الموضع: {time}Z",
   "AIS: --": "AIS: --",

src/i18n/locales/de.json

@@ -417,6 +417,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "SCHIFF",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "SEEZEICHEN",
+  "VIRTUAL": "VIRTUELL",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS: LIVE",
   "POS: {time}Z": "POS: {time}Z",
   "awaiting first AIS position…": "warten auf erste AIS-Position…",

src/i18n/locales/es.json

@@ -651,6 +651,7 @@
   "OTHER": "OTRO",
   "VESSEL": "BUQUE",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "AYUDA A LA NAVEGACIÓN",
+  "VIRTUAL": "VIRTUAL",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS: EN VIVO",
   "POS: {time}Z": "POS: {time}Z",
   "AIS: --": "AIS: --",

src/i18n/locales/fr.json

@@ -1292,6 +1292,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD : {speed}  HDG : {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "NAVIRE",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "AIDE À LA NAVIGATION",
+  "VIRTUAL": "VIRTUEL",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed} ND",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS : DIRECT",

src/i18n/locales/he.json

@@ -1150,6 +1150,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "אונייה",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "עזר ניווט",
+  "VIRTUAL": "וירטואלי",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed} קשר",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS: חי",

src/i18n/locales/it.json

@@ -1292,6 +1292,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  VEL: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "NAVE",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "AIUTO ALLA NAVIGAZIONE",
+  "VIRTUAL": "VIRTUALE",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed}KT",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS: LIVE",

src/i18n/locales/ja.json

@@ -1254,6 +1254,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "船舶",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "航路標識",
+  "VIRTUAL": "仮想",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed} kt",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS: ライブ",

src/i18n/locales/pt.json

@@ -1290,6 +1290,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "EMBARCAÇÃO",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "AUXÍLIO À NAVEGAÇÃO",
+  "VIRTUAL": "VIRTUAL",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed} KT",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS: AO VIVO",

src/i18n/locales/ru.json

@@ -395,6 +395,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  СКОР: {speed}  КУРС: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "СУДНО",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "СРЕДСТВО НАВИГАЦИИ",
+  "VIRTUAL": "ВИРТУАЛЬНЫЙ",
   "AIS: --": "AIS: --",
   "awaiting first AIS position…": "ожидание первой позиции AIS…",
   "awaiting usable AIS positions…": "ожидание пригодных позиций AIS…",

src/i18n/locales/sv.json

@@ -383,6 +383,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "FARTYG",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "SJÖMÄRKE",
+  "VIRTUAL": "VIRTUELL",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS: LIVE",
   "POS: {time}Z": "POS: {time}Z",
   "awaiting first AIS position…": "väntar på första AIS-positionen …",

src/i18n/locales/uk.json

@@ -1310,6 +1310,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  ШВИД: {speed}  КУРС: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "СУДНО",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "ЗАСІБ НАВІГАЦІЇ",
+  "VIRTUAL": "ВІРТУАЛЬНИЙ",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed} ВУЗ",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "ПОЗ.: ОНЛАЙН",

src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json

@@ -1230,6 +1230,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "船舶",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "助航标志",
+  "VIRTUAL": "虚拟",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed} kn",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS：实时",

src/i18n/locales/zh-Hant.json

@@ -1225,6 +1225,7 @@
   "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}": "{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}",
   "VESSEL": "船舶",
   "AID TO NAVIGATION": "助航標誌",
+  "VIRTUAL": "虛擬",
   "{speed}KT": "{speed} kn",
   "{heading}DEG": "{heading}°",
   "POS: LIVE": "POS：實時",

src/i18n/same-as-english.json

@@ -411,7 +411,8 @@
     "MMSI: {id}",
     "NORAD: {id}",
     "Regional",
-    "{datasets} · {tiles} · {packs}"
+    "{datasets} · {tiles} · {packs}",
+    "VIRTUAL"
   ],
   "fr": [
     "1 min/s",
@@ -1067,7 +1068,8 @@
     "ICAO: {id}",
     "MMSI: {id}",
     "NORAD: {id}",
-    "Regional"
+    "Regional",
+    "VIRTUAL"
   ],
   "ru": [
     "1900–1945",

src/layers/vessels/cards.js

@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@ export function createCards({
       text: [
         t('AIS: {name}', { name: trimHudValue(record.name, 32) }),
         aid
-          ? trimHudValue(record.type || t('AID TO NAVIGATION'), 24)
+          ? aidKind(
+              trimHudValue(record.type || t('AID TO NAVIGATION'), 24),
+              record,
+            )
           : t('{type}  SPD: {speed}  HDG: {heading}', {
               type: trimHudValue(record.type || t('VESSEL'), 24),
               speed: formatSpeed(record.speed),
@@ -60,6 +63,7 @@ export function createCards({
     const aid = isAidToNavigation(record);
     const type = vesselTypeShort(record);
     if (type) parts.push(type);
+    if (record.virtual === true) parts.push(t('VIRTUAL'));
     if (!aid && record.speed !== null && record.speed !== undefined)
       parts.push(formatSpeed(record.speed));
     const direction = record.heading ?? record.course;
@@ -95,7 +99,7 @@ export function createCards({
     const direction = record.heading ?? record.course;
     const details = [
       aid
-        ? vesselTypeShort(record) || t('AID TO NAVIGATION')
+        ? aidKind(vesselTypeShort(record) || t('AID TO NAVIGATION'), record)
         : [
             vesselTypeShort(record) || t('VESSEL'),
             formatSpeed(record.speed),
@@ -125,6 +129,12 @@ export function createCards({
     };
   }
 
+  /** An aid's kind, marked virtual when nothing physical stands there. */
+
+  function aidKind(kind, record) {
+    return record.virtual === true ? `${kind} · ${t('VIRTUAL')}` : kind;
+  }
+
   /** A card's accent: an aid's disc colour, else its ship type's. */
 
   function vesselAccent(record, aid) {

src/layers/vessels/ingestion.js

@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@ export function createIngestion({
       speed: record.speedMps == null ? null : record.speedMps / 0.514444,
       course: record.courseDeg,
       heading: record.headingDeg,
+      virtual: record.virtual === true,
       last_position_epoch:
         record.observedAtMs == null ? null : record.observedAtMs / 1000,
       last_position_UTC:

src/layers/vessels/ownership.test.mjs

@@ -536,6 +536,29 @@ test('an aid to navigation is drawn as a disc, a vessel as its chevron', async (
     return atob(primitive.image.split(',')[1]);
   };
   assert.match(svgOf('993672001'), /<circle/);
+  // The source's virtual flag reaches the layer's record.
+  const recordOf = (id) => [...primitives].find((p) => p.id?.id === id).id;
+  assert.equal(recordOf('993672001').virtual, false);
+  assert.equal(recordOf('366999002').virtual, false);
   assert.doesNotMatch(svgOf('993672001'), /<path/);
   assert.match(svgOf('366999002'), /<path/);
 });
+
+test('a virtual aid to navigation keeps its disc and its virtual flag', async () => {
+  const aid = {
+    ...observation('993672009'),
+    mmsi: '993672009',
+    type: 'Isolated danger',
+    virtual: true,
+  };
+  const { layer, primitives } = setup({
+    async getSnapshot() {
+      return snapshot([aid]);
+    },
+  });
+  await layer.update();
+  const primitive = [...primitives].find((p) => p.id?.id === '993672009');
+  assert.ok(primitive);
+  assert.equal(primitive.id.virtual, true);
+  assert.match(atob(primitive.image.split(',')[1]), /<circle/);
+});

src/layers/vessels/records.js

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ export function normalizeVessel(row) {
     speed: finiteNumber(row.speed),
     course: finiteNumber(row.course),
     heading: finiteNumber(row.heading),
+    // A virtual aid to navigation: a mark with nothing physical there.
+    virtual: row.virtual === true,
     lastPositionUtc: String(row.last_position_UTC || ''),
     lastPositionEpoch: finiteNumber(row.last_position_epoch),
     missedRefreshes: 0,
@@ -160,6 +162,7 @@ export class VesselRecords {
         record.speed = next.speed;
         record.course = next.course;
         record.heading = next.heading;
+        record.virtual = next.virtual;
         record.lastPositionUtc = next.lastPositionUtc;
         record.lastPositionEpoch = next.lastPositionEpoch;
         record.missedRefreshes = 0;

src/layers/vessels/rendering.js

@@ -274,8 +274,13 @@ export function createRendering({
     );
   }
 
-  /** The model item for `record`, its spec rebuilt only when its type or size changes. */
+  /**
+   * The model item for `record`, its spec rebuilt only when its type or size
+   * changes; null for a virtual aid to navigation, which keeps its disc: no
+   * buoy stands there (vesselModelSpec).
+   */
   function modelItem(record, set) {
+    if (record.virtual === true) return null;
     let item = modelItems.get(record.id);
     if (!item || item.record !== record)
       item = { record, pickId: record, tint: null, modelOwnsVisual: false };
@@ -309,7 +314,8 @@ export function createRendering({
         limitSq
       )
         continue;
-      into.set(record.id, modelItem(record, set));
+      const item = modelItem(record, set);
+      if (item) into.set(record.id, item);
     }
   }
 
@@ -345,8 +351,10 @@ export function createRendering({
       gatherModelItems(set, next);
     } else {
       for (const [id, item] of modelItems)
-        if (state.records.byId.get(id) === item.record)
-          next.set(id, modelItem(item.record, set));
+        if (state.records.byId.get(id) === item.record) {
+          const kept = modelItem(item.record, set);
+          if (kept) next.set(id, kept);
+        }
     }
     for (const [id, item] of modelItems)
       if (next.get(id) !== item) handBackVisual(item.record, occluder);

src/sources/live/contract.js

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@
  * snapshots. A vessel record's `id` is whatever its source gives, such as a
  * provider id; its `mmsi` is an optional attribute ('' or absent when
  * unknown), never its key, since vessels can share an MMSI. A source that
- * only has MMSIs uses the MMSI as the id.
+ * only has MMSIs uses the MMSI as the id. A vessel record's `virtual` is true
+ * for a virtual aid to navigation, a mark broadcast where nothing physical
+ * stands (AIS message 21's virtual flag), else false; any source may set it.
  *
  * A source may also declare a timeline (see readSnapshotTimeline): it can
  * answer a snapshot at a given time, so the layer follows the world clock.

src/sources/live/contract.test.mjs

@@ -221,6 +221,18 @@ test('vessel identity, opaque reference and heading/course remain distinct, unkn
   assert.equal(row.altitudeDatum, 'sea-surface');
   assert.equal(row.observedAtMs, now);
   assert.equal('extra' in row, false);
+  // Only a source's own true marks a virtual aid to navigation.
+  assert.equal(row.virtual, false);
+  const base = { mmsi: '993672001', lat: 30, lon: -97 };
+  assert.equal(
+    normalizeVesselObservation({ ...base, virtual: true }).virtual,
+    true,
+  );
+  for (const virtual of ['true', 1, false, null])
+    assert.equal(
+      normalizeVesselObservation({ ...base, virtual }).virtual,
+      false,
+    );
   assert.equal(
     normalizeVesselObservation({ mmsi: 'x', lat: null, lon: null }),
     null,

src/sources/live/vessels.js

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ export function normalizeVesselObservation(row, reference = null, id = null) {
       epoch(row.last_position_epoch, 1000) ??
       epoch(Date.parse(row.last_position_UTC)),
     altitudeDatum: 'sea-surface',
+    // A virtual aid to navigation: a mark broadcast with nothing there.
+    virtual: row.virtual === true,
   };
 }