fix(providers): validate before limiting and tighten capped image reads

Apply shared Places validation, owned image chunks, and response-header deadline tests to the provider modules.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -13,6 +13,14 @@ of current runtime behavior, see [`docs/CURRENT-STATE.md`](docs/CURRENT-STATE.md
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+### Security
+
+- Validate configured Google Places coordinates and text queries before rate
+  limiting or upstream requests; preserve the keyless capability response.
+- Bound CCTV media response headers to 15 seconds and cancel error bodies.
+  Cap buffered snapshot downloads at 16 MiB while streaming.
+
+
 - Cancel the active location lookup when its controls are disposed.
 
 

docs/CURRENT-STATE.md

@@ -1,5 +1,20 @@
 # God's Eye View Current State
 
+## Places and CCTV request bounds
+
+With a Google key configured, nearby and text search reject missing, blank,
+non-numeric and out-of-range coordinates before the opt-in limiter and upstream
+request. Text search also requires a nonblank query. Keyless requests retain
+their `configured: false` response.
+
+CCTV media waits at most 15 seconds for upstream response headers and returns
+504 on timeout. Its timer stops when headers arrive, so live bodies can continue
+streaming; body idle deadlines are separate from this header deadline. Error
+responses are cancelled. Buffered snapshots have a 16 MiB streaming cap; an
+oversized image remains an upstream miss and uses the normal fallback chain.
+The existing declared media size ceiling remains 64 MiB.
+
+
 ## GBFS upstream bounds
 
 GBFS refuses upstream redirects and enforces its 5 MiB response cap while

server/providers/cctv.js

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   buildSyntheticCctvSvg,
   proxyMediaResponse,
   fetchCctvImageFromUpstream,
+  fetchCctvMediaUpstream,
 } from './cctv/media.js';
 import { CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS } from './cctv/constants.js';
 import { googleServerApiKey } from './places/google-key.js';
@@ -216,19 +217,16 @@ export function cctvProxy({ sourceRoot = process.cwd() } = {}) {
             };
             const requestRange = req.headers?.range;
             if (requestRange) upstreamHeaders.Range = requestRange;
-            const controller = new AbortController();
-            const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), 15_000);
-            let upstream;
-            try {
-              upstream = await fetch(mediaUrl, {
-                headers: upstreamHeaders,
-                signal: controller.signal,
-              });
-            } finally {
-              clearTimeout(timeoutId);
-            }
+            const upstream = await fetchCctvMediaUpstream(mediaUrl, {
+              headers: upstreamHeaders,
+            });
             const contentType = upstream.headers.get('content-type') || '';
             if (!upstream.ok) {
+              try {
+                await upstream.body?.cancel();
+              } catch {
+                /* already closed */
+              }
               setHealth(cameraId, {
                 status: 'degraded',
                 sourceKind: 'upstream',
@@ -278,7 +276,8 @@ export function cctvProxy({ sourceRoot = process.cwd() } = {}) {
             });
             return;
           } catch (error) {
-            const timedOut = error?.name === 'AbortError' || error?.name === 'TimeoutError';
+            const timedOut =
+              error?.name === 'AbortError' || error?.name === 'TimeoutError';
             setHealth(cameraId, {
               status: 'degraded',
               sourceKind: 'upstream',
@@ -289,7 +288,13 @@ export function cctvProxy({ sourceRoot = process.cwd() } = {}) {
               'Content-Type': 'application/json',
               'Cache-Control': 'no-store',
             });
-            res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: timedOut ? 'Upstream media timeout' : 'Media proxy failed' }));
+            res.end(
+              JSON.stringify({
+                error: timedOut
+                  ? 'Upstream media timeout'
+                  : 'Media proxy failed',
+              }),
+            );
             return;
           }
         }

server/providers/cctv/constants.js

@@ -41,3 +41,8 @@ export const CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 8 * 1000;
 
 /** Maximum buffered snapshot size. */
 export const CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+/** Deadline for upstream response headers; live bodies keep streaming afterward. */
+export const CCTV_MEDIA_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 15 * 1000;
+/** Declared size ceiling for fixed media responses. */
+export const CCTV_MEDIA_MAX_BODY_BYTES = 64 * 1024 * 1024;

server/providers/cctv/media.js

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 import { Readable } from 'node:stream';
 import { hashSeed, escapeXml } from './normalize.js';
-import { CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS, CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES } from './constants.js';
+import {
+  CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+  CCTV_MEDIA_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  CCTV_MEDIA_MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+} from './constants.js';
 /**
  * Generate a synthetic SVG billboard image for a CCTV camera placeholder.
  *
@@ -120,10 +125,9 @@ export async function proxyMediaResponse(
   // Cheap defense: reject an upstream that DECLARES an oversized fixed body.
   // Live MJPEG/HLS streams are unbounded by design and send no content-length,
   // so they pipe normally (piping streams to the client, never buffering).
-  const MEDIA_DECLARED_CAP_BYTES = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
   if (
     Number.isFinite(Number(contentLength)) &&
-    Number(contentLength) > MEDIA_DECLARED_CAP_BYTES
+    Number(contentLength) > CCTV_MEDIA_MAX_BODY_BYTES
   ) {
     res.writeHead(502, {
       'Content-Type': 'application/json',
@@ -169,29 +173,87 @@ export async function proxyMediaResponse(
 async function readCappedResponseBytes(upstream, maxBytes) {
   const declared = Number(upstream.headers.get('content-length'));
   if (Number.isFinite(declared) && declared > maxBytes) {
-    try { await upstream.body?.cancel(); } catch { /* no-op */ }
+    try {
+      await upstream.body?.cancel();
+    } catch {
+      /* no-op */
+    }
     return null;
   }
-  if (!upstream.body || typeof upstream.body[Symbol.asyncIterator] !== 'function') {
-    const buffered = Buffer.from(await upstream.arrayBuffer());
-    return buffered.length > maxBytes ? null : buffered;
-  }
+  if (!upstream.body) return null;
   const chunks = [];
   let total = 0;
-  for await (const chunk of upstream.body) {
-    total += chunk.length;
-    if (total > maxBytes) {
-      try { await upstream.body.cancel(); } catch { /* no-op */ }
+  // Every retained chunk is an OWNED copy: a chunk can be a small view over a
+  // much larger backing ArrayBuffer, and keeping the view would retain that
+  // whole allocation while the byte accounting only counted the view.
+  const keep = (chunk) => {
+    total += chunk.byteLength;
+    if (total > maxBytes) return false;
+    chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
+    return true;
+  };
+  if (typeof upstream.body[Symbol.asyncIterator] === 'function') {
+    for await (const chunk of upstream.body) {
+      if (!keep(chunk)) {
+        try {
+          await upstream.body.cancel();
+        } catch {
+          /* no-op */
+        }
+        return null;
+      }
+    }
+    return Buffer.concat(chunks, total);
+  }
+  // No async iterator: stream through a reader so the cap still applies while
+  // reading. A body that cannot be streamed at all is refused rather than
+  // buffered uncapped — the helper's whole contract is the cap.
+  const reader =
+    typeof upstream.body.getReader === 'function'
+      ? upstream.body.getReader()
+      : null;
+  if (!reader) return null;
+  for (;;) {
+    const { done, value } = await reader.read();
+    if (done) break;
+    if (!keep(value)) {
+      try {
+        await reader.cancel();
+      } catch {
+        /* no-op */
+      }
       return null;
     }
-    chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk.buffer, chunk.byteOffset, chunk.byteLength));
   }
   return Buffer.concat(chunks, total);
 }
 
+export async function fetchCctvMediaUpstream(
+  url,
+  {
+    headers = {},
+    fetchImpl = fetch,
+    timeoutMs = CCTV_MEDIA_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  } = {},
+) {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), timeoutMs);
+  try {
+    return await fetchImpl(url, { headers, signal: controller.signal });
+  } finally {
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+  }
+}
+
 export async function fetchCctvImageFromUpstream(
   url,
-  { fetchImpl = fetch, timeoutMs = CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS, maxBytes = CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES } = {},
+  {
+    fetchImpl = fetch,
+    timeoutMs = CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+    maxBytes = CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+    CCTV_MEDIA_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+    CCTV_MEDIA_MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+  } = {},
 ) {
   if (!url || !/^https?:\/\//i.test(url)) return null;
   const controller = new AbortController();

server/providers/places/google.js

@@ -21,6 +21,26 @@ function googleRateLimiter() {
   return _googleRateLimiter;
 }
 
+export function validatePlacesCoordinates(searchParams) {
+  const rawLat = searchParams.get('lat');
+  const rawLon = searchParams.get('lon');
+  if (rawLat === null || rawLon === null || !rawLat.trim() || !rawLon.trim()) {
+    return { ok: false, error: 'lat and lon are required' };
+  }
+  const latitude = Number(rawLat);
+  const longitude = Number(rawLon);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(latitude) || !Number.isFinite(longitude)) {
+    return { ok: false, error: 'Valid lat and lon are required' };
+  }
+  if (latitude < -90 || latitude > 90 || longitude < -180 || longitude > 180) {
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      error: 'lat must be within [-90, 90] and lon within [-180, 180]',
+    };
+  }
+  return { ok: true, latitude, longitude };
+}
+
 /** Nearby place labels and view-biased text search, with request-time key resolution. */
 export function googlePlacesContextProxy({
   resolveApiKey = googleServerApiKey,
@@ -47,6 +67,16 @@ export function googlePlacesContextProxy({
         return;
       }
 
+      const requestUrl = new URL(req.url || '', 'http://localhost');
+      const coordinates = validatePlacesCoordinates(requestUrl.searchParams);
+      if (!coordinates.ok) {
+        res.statusCode = 400;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+        res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: coordinates.error, places: [] }));
+        return;
+      }
+      const { latitude, longitude } = coordinates;
+
       // Opt-in per-IP throttle (GEV_RATELIMIT_GOOGLE_PER_MIN). No-op when unset.
       // Inlined (not the shared helper) so the 429 body keeps this endpoint's
       // `places: []` contract that the client expects on every error response.
@@ -59,24 +89,10 @@ export function googlePlacesContextProxy({
         return;
       }
 
-      const requestUrl = new URL(req.url || '', 'http://localhost');
-      const latitude = Number(requestUrl.searchParams.get('lat'));
-      const longitude = Number(requestUrl.searchParams.get('lon'));
       const radiusM = Math.max(
         25,
         Math.min(5000, Number(requestUrl.searchParams.get('radiusM')) || 250),
       );
-      if (!Number.isFinite(latitude) || !Number.isFinite(longitude)) {
-        res.statusCode = 400;
-        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
-        res.end(
-          JSON.stringify({
-            error: 'Valid lat and lon are required',
-            places: [],
-          }),
-        );
-        return;
-      }
 
       try {
         const response = await fetch(
@@ -160,6 +176,25 @@ export function googlePlacesContextProxy({
         return;
       }
 
+      const requestUrl = new URL(req.url || '', 'http://localhost');
+      const textQuery = String(requestUrl.searchParams.get('q') || '').trim();
+      if (!textQuery) {
+        res.statusCode = 400;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+        res.end(
+          JSON.stringify({ error: 'q, lat and lon are required', places: [] }),
+        );
+        return;
+      }
+      const coordinates = validatePlacesCoordinates(requestUrl.searchParams);
+      if (!coordinates.ok) {
+        res.statusCode = 400;
+        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
+        res.end(JSON.stringify({ error: coordinates.error, places: [] }));
+        return;
+      }
+      const { latitude, longitude } = coordinates;
+
       // Opt-in per-IP throttle (GEV_RATELIMIT_GOOGLE_PER_MIN). No-op when unset.
       // Inlined (like nearby-places) so the 429 body keeps the `places: []`
       // contract the client expects on every error response.
@@ -172,27 +207,10 @@ export function googlePlacesContextProxy({
         return;
       }
 
-      const requestUrl = new URL(req.url || '', 'http://localhost');
-      const textQuery = String(requestUrl.searchParams.get('q') || '').trim();
-      const latitude = Number(requestUrl.searchParams.get('lat'));
-      const longitude = Number(requestUrl.searchParams.get('lon'));
       const radiusM = Math.max(
         50,
         Math.min(50000, Number(requestUrl.searchParams.get('radiusM')) || 4000),
       );
-      if (
-        !textQuery ||
-        !Number.isFinite(latitude) ||
-        !Number.isFinite(longitude) ||
-        latitude < -90 || latitude > 90 || longitude < -180 || longitude > 180
-      ) {
-        res.statusCode = 400;
-        res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
-        res.end(
-          JSON.stringify({ error: 'q, lat and lon are required', places: [] }),
-        );
-        return;
-      }
 
       try {
         const response = await fetch(

src/data/cctvProxy.test.mjs

@@ -1,9 +1,27 @@
+import { CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS, CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES, CCTV_MEDIA_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS, CCTV_MEDIA_MAX_BODY_BYTES } from '../../server/providers/cctv/constants.js';
 import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import {
-  CCTV_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
   fetchCctvImageFromUpstream,
-} from '../../vite.config.js';
+  fetchCctvMediaUpstream,
+} from '../../server/providers/cctv/media.js';
+
+/** A body that arrives in chunks and never declares a Content-Length. */
+function chunkedImageResponse(chunkBytes, chunkCount, { onChunk = () => {}, onCancel = () => {} } = {}) {
+  const stream = new ReadableStream({
+    async pull(controller) {
+      if (chunkCount <= 0) {
+        controller.close();
+        return;
+      }
+      chunkCount -= 1;
+      onChunk();
+      controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(chunkBytes));
+    },
+    cancel: onCancel,
+  });
+  return new Response(stream, { status: 200, headers: { 'Content-Type': 'image/jpeg' } });
+}
 
 test('CCTV upstream frame fetch supplies a bounded abort signal', async () => {
   let observedSignal = null;
@@ -36,3 +54,161 @@ test('CCTV upstream frame fetch returns a valid image response', async () => {
   assert.equal(result?.contentType, 'image/jpeg');
   assert.deepEqual(result?.body, Buffer.from([1, 2, 3]));
 });
+
+test('CCTV upstream frame fetch rejects a declared oversize body without draining it', async () => {
+  const chunkBytes = 64 * 1024;
+  let pulled = 0;
+  let cancelled = false;
+  const result = await fetchCctvImageFromUpstream('https://example.com/frame.jpg', {
+    timeoutMs: 1000,
+    maxBytes: chunkBytes * 4,
+    fetchImpl: async () => {
+      const response = chunkedImageResponse(chunkBytes, 64, {
+        onChunk: () => { pulled += 1; },
+        onCancel: () => { cancelled = true; },
+      });
+      response.headers.set('Content-Length', String(chunkBytes * 64));
+      return response;
+    },
+  });
+
+  // Assert on the byte count, not the object: a regressed proxy returns a
+  // multi-megabyte Buffer here, and diffing one into the failure report is
+  // slower than the check it is reporting on.
+  assert.equal(result?.body?.length ?? null, null, 'a declared oversize snapshot is a miss, not a buffered body');
+  assert.equal(cancelled, true, 'the declared cap is enforced by cancelling, not reading');
+  // Only the stream's own one-chunk prefetch may have run; the proxy pulls none.
+  assert.ok(pulled <= 1, `declared cap short-circuits the read, pulled ${pulled} chunks`);
+});
+
+test('CCTV upstream frame fetch aborts an undeclared body once it crosses the cap', async () => {
+  const chunkBytes = 64 * 1024;
+  let pulled = 0;
+  let cancelled = false;
+  const result = await fetchCctvImageFromUpstream('https://example.com/frame.jpg', {
+    timeoutMs: 1000,
+    maxBytes: chunkBytes * 4,
+    // Sixty-four chunks are offered with no Content-Length; a proxy that
+    // buffers first would take all of them.
+    fetchImpl: async () => chunkedImageResponse(chunkBytes, 64, {
+      onChunk: () => { pulled += 1; },
+      onCancel: () => { cancelled = true; },
+    }),
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(result?.body?.length ?? null, null, 'a chunked body over the cap is a miss');
+  // Four chunks fit, the fifth crosses the cap, and one more sits in the
+  // stream's prefetch queue — nothing past that is ever pulled.
+  assert.ok(pulled <= 6, `stopped reading at the cap, pulled ${pulled} chunks`);
+  assert.equal(cancelled, true, 'the upstream stream is cancelled, not drained');
+});
+
+test('CCTV upstream frame fetch still returns a chunked body under the cap', async () => {
+  const chunkBytes = 1024;
+  const result = await fetchCctvImageFromUpstream('https://example.com/frame.jpg', {
+    timeoutMs: 1000,
+    maxBytes: chunkBytes * 8,
+    fetchImpl: async () => chunkedImageResponse(chunkBytes, 3),
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(result?.ok, true);
+  assert.equal(result?.body?.length, chunkBytes * 3, 'every chunk is reassembled in order');
+  assert.ok(CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES > 0 && CCTV_FRAME_MAX_BODY_BYTES <= CCTV_MEDIA_MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+    'the frame cap must be at or under the media route cap — pinned against the real constant');
+});
+
+test('CCTV media upstream fetch aborts when response headers never arrive', async () => {
+  let observedSignal = null;
+  const startedAt = Date.now();
+  await assert.rejects(
+    fetchCctvMediaUpstream('https://example.com/stream.m3u8', {
+      timeoutMs: 25,
+      fetchImpl: (url, { signal }) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        observedSignal = signal;
+        signal.addEventListener('abort', () => reject(Object.assign(new Error('aborted'), { name: 'AbortError' })));
+      }),
+    }),
+    (error) => error.name === 'AbortError',
+  );
+  assert.equal(observedSignal?.aborted, true, 'the header deadline aborts the attempt');
+  assert.ok(Date.now() - startedAt < 2_000, 'the deadline is the injected one, not the production one');
+  assert.ok(CCTV_MEDIA_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS >= 10_000, 'production keeps a generous header deadline for slow cameras');
+});
+
+test('CCTV media upstream fetch never cuts a stream whose headers arrived in time', async () => {
+  let observedSignal = null;
+  const upstream = await fetchCctvMediaUpstream('https://example.com/stream.m3u8', {
+    timeoutMs: 20,
+    fetchImpl: async (url, { signal }) => {
+      observedSignal = signal;
+      return { ok: true, status: 200, headers: new Map([['content-type', 'video/mp2t']]), body: null };
+    },
+  });
+  assert.equal(upstream.ok, true);
+  // Well past the header deadline: the timer was cleared at header arrival,
+  // so the live body is still allowed to flow.
+  await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 60));
+  assert.equal(observedSignal?.aborted, false, 'a slow body after timely headers is never aborted here');
+});
+
+test('CCTV upstream frame fetch keeps a body that lands exactly on the cap', async () => {
+  const chunkBytes = 512;
+  const result = await fetchCctvImageFromUpstream('https://example.com/frame.jpg', {
+    timeoutMs: 1000,
+    maxBytes: chunkBytes * 4,
+    fetchImpl: async () => chunkedImageResponse(chunkBytes, 4),
+  });
+  assert.equal(result?.ok, true, 'exactly-at-cap is under the ceiling, not over it');
+  assert.equal(result?.body?.length, chunkBytes * 4);
+});
+
+test('CCTV upstream frame fetch ignores a garbage Content-Length and still caps the stream', async () => {
+  const chunkBytes = 1024;
+  let cancelled = false;
+  const result = await fetchCctvImageFromUpstream('https://example.com/frame.jpg', {
+    timeoutMs: 1000,
+    maxBytes: chunkBytes * 2,
+    fetchImpl: async () => {
+      const response = chunkedImageResponse(chunkBytes, 8, { onCancel: () => { cancelled = true; } });
+      response.headers.set('Content-Length', 'not-a-number');
+      return response;
+    },
+  });
+  assert.equal(result?.body?.length ?? null, null, 'an unparseable length falls back to counting bytes');
+  assert.equal(cancelled, true);
+});
+
+test('CCTV upstream frame fetch retains owned bytes, not the chunk\'s backing allocation', async () => {
+  const backing = new ArrayBuffer(4 * 1024 * 1024);
+  const view = new Uint8Array(backing, 8, 3);
+  view.set([7, 8, 9]);
+  const result = await fetchCctvImageFromUpstream('https://example.com/frame.jpg', {
+    timeoutMs: 1000,
+    maxBytes: 1024,
+    fetchImpl: async () => new Response(new ReadableStream({
+      start(controller) {
+        controller.enqueue(view);
+        controller.close();
+      },
+    }), { status: 200, headers: { 'Content-Type': 'image/jpeg' } }),
+  });
+  assert.equal(result?.ok, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(Array.from(result.body), [7, 8, 9]);
+  assert.ok(result.body.buffer.byteLength < backing.byteLength,
+    'the 4 MB backing allocation is not retained behind a 3-byte frame');
+});
+
+test('CCTV upstream frame fetch refuses a body it cannot stream instead of buffering it uncapped', async () => {
+  const result = await fetchCctvImageFromUpstream('https://example.com/frame.jpg', {
+    timeoutMs: 1000,
+    maxBytes: 1024,
+    fetchImpl: async () => ({
+      ok: true,
+      status: 200,
+      headers: new Map([['content-type', 'image/jpeg']]),
+      body: { /* neither async-iterable nor reader-backed */ },
+      arrayBuffer: async () => { throw new Error('arrayBuffer must never be used as an uncapped fallback'); },
+    }),
+  });
+  assert.equal(result, null);
+});

src/googlePlacesCoordinates.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { googlePlacesContextProxy, validatePlacesCoordinates } from '../server/providers/places/google.js';
+
+function installGooglePlacesRoutes() {
+  const routes = new Map();
+  googlePlacesContextProxy({ resolveApiKey: () => process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY }).configureServer({
+    middlewares: {
+      use(path, handler) {
+        routes.set(path, handler);
+      },
+    },
+  });
+  return routes;
+}
+
+function invokeRoute(handler, { method = 'GET', url = '/', remoteAddress = '127.0.0.1' } = {}) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const headers = new Map();
+    const req = { method, url, headers: {}, socket: { remoteAddress } };
+    const res = {
+      statusCode: 200,
+      setHeader(name, value) { headers.set(String(name).toLowerCase(), String(value)); },
+      end(body = '') {
+        resolve({ statusCode: this.statusCode, headers: Object.fromEntries(headers), body: body ? JSON.parse(String(body)) : null });
+      },
+    };
+    Promise.resolve(handler(req, res)).catch(reject);
+  });
+}
+
+test('validatePlacesCoordinates refuses missing, blank, non-numeric, and out-of-range values', () => {
+  const check = (query) => validatePlacesCoordinates(new URLSearchParams(query));
+  for (const bad of ['', 'lat=30.27', 'lon=-97.74', 'lat=&lon=', 'lat=%20&lon=-97.74', 'lat=abc&lon=-97.74',
+    'lat=Infinity&lon=-97.74', 'lat=NaN&lon=0', 'lat=90.001&lon=0', 'lat=-90.001&lon=0', 'lat=0&lon=180.5', 'lat=0&lon=-180.5']) {
+    assert.equal(check(bad).ok, false, `${bad || '(empty)'} must be refused`);
+  }
+  // Inclusive boundaries are real places (the poles, the antimeridian).
+  assert.deepEqual(check('lat=90&lon=-180'), { ok: true, latitude: 90, longitude: -180 });
+  assert.deepEqual(check('lat=-90&lon=180'), { ok: true, latitude: -90, longitude: 180 });
+  assert.deepEqual(check('lat=30.27&lon=-97.74'), { ok: true, latitude: 30.27, longitude: -97.74 });
+});
+
+test('both Places routes answer bad coordinates with a 400 before the limiter and before Google', async () => {
+  const previousKey = process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY;
+  const previousLimit = process.env.GEV_RATELIMIT_GOOGLE_PER_MIN;
+  const originalFetch = globalThis.fetch;
+  process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY = 'test-key';
+  process.env.GEV_RATELIMIT_GOOGLE_PER_MIN = '1';
+  let upstreamCalls = 0;
+  globalThis.fetch = async () => {
+    upstreamCalls += 1;
+    return {
+      ok: true,
+      status: 200,
+      headers: new Map(),
+      json: async () => ({ places: [] }),
+      text: async () => '{"places":[]}',
+    };
+  };
+  try {
+    const routes = installGooglePlacesRoutes();
+    const nearby = routes.get('/api/google/nearby-places');
+    const textSearch = routes.get('/api/google/text-search');
+    const badQueries = ['', 'lat=30.27', 'lat=&lon=', 'lat=abc&lon=-97.74', 'lat=999&lon=-200'];
+    for (const query of badQueries) {
+      const nearbyResponse = await invokeRoute(nearby, { url: `/?${query}` });
+      assert.equal(nearbyResponse.statusCode, 400, `nearby-places must refuse ${query || '(empty)'}`);
+      assert.deepEqual(nearbyResponse.body.places, []);
+      const textResponse = await invokeRoute(textSearch, { url: `/?q=capitol&${query}` });
+      assert.equal(textResponse.statusCode, 400, `text-search must refuse ${query || '(empty)'}`);
+      assert.deepEqual(textResponse.body.places, []);
+    }
+    const missingQuery = await invokeRoute(textSearch, { url: '/?lat=30.27&lon=-97.74' });
+    assert.equal(missingQuery.statusCode, 400, 'text-search still requires q');
+    assert.equal(upstreamCalls, 0, 'invalid input never reaches Google');
+
+    // The limiter allows ONE request per minute per client. None of the
+    // rejected requests may have consumed it, so the first valid request
+    // still goes upstream instead of meeting a 429.
+    const valid = await invokeRoute(nearby, { url: '/?lat=30.27&lon=-97.74' });
+    assert.notEqual(valid.statusCode, 429, 'malformed requests must not consume limiter capacity');
+    assert.equal(upstreamCalls, 1, 'a valid request reaches Google exactly once');
+  } finally {
+    globalThis.fetch = originalFetch;
+    if (previousKey === undefined) delete process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY;
+    else process.env.GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY = previousKey;
+    if (previousLimit === undefined) delete process.env.GEV_RATELIMIT_GOOGLE_PER_MIN;
+    else process.env.GEV_RATELIMIT_GOOGLE_PER_MIN = previousLimit;
+  }
+});