diff --git a/docs/I18N.md b/docs/I18N.md
index 767172b64..dcd90dd59 100644
--- a/docs/I18N.md
+++ b/docs/I18N.md
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ An empty translation is reported, and so is one that is exactly the English ("Bl
 `npm run i18n` also lists UI text that is not marked at all, and fails while there is any; `npm test` runs the same check:
 
 - **Markup:** element text without `data-i18n`, and `title`, `aria-label` or `placeholder` without the matching `data-i18n-*`.
-- **Code:** string literals that reach the page without `t()`, `tn()` or `msg()`: assigned to `textContent`, `innerText`, `innerHTML`, `title`, `placeholder`; passed to `setAttribute('title' | 'aria-label' | 'aria-valuetext' | 'placeholder' | 'alt', …)`, `createTextNode`, `insertAdjacentHTML`, `showToast`, `toast`, `setHint`, `announce`, `say`; or kept in `label:`, `title:`, `tooltip:`, `placeholder:`, `hint:`, `ariaLabel:`, `accessibilityLabel:`, `caption:`, `subtitle:`, `kicker:`, `emptyText:`, `blurb:`, `countLabel:` properties.
+- **Code:** string literals that reach the page without `t()`, `tn()` or `msg()`: assigned to `textContent`, `innerText`, `innerHTML`, `title`, `placeholder`; passed to `setAttribute('title' | 'aria-label' | 'aria-valuetext' | 'placeholder' | 'alt', …)`, `createTextNode`, `insertAdjacentHTML`, `showToast` (also `showToast?.(…)` and `this._showToast(…)`), `toast`, `setHint`, `announce`, `say`; assigned to a layer's `error`, `_error`, `loadingLabel`, `statusMessage` or `status` (`this._error = …`, `stats.loadingLabel = …`; a `const`/`let` local is not checked); or kept in `label:`, `title:`, `tooltip:`, `placeholder:`, `hint:`, `ariaLabel:`, `accessibilityLabel:`, `caption:`, `subtitle:`, `kicker:`, `emptyText:`, `blurb:`, `countLabel:`, `status:`, `loadingLabel:`, `statusMessage:` properties. Lower-case codes without spaces, such as `status: 'auth-failed'`, are not reported.
 
 Fix it by marking the text. When the text must stay as it is, say so where it lives:
 
diff --git a/scripts/i18n.mjs b/scripts/i18n.mjs
index 0f48152a3..bb4259c4d 100644
--- a/scripts/i18n.mjs
+++ b/scripts/i18n.mjs
@@ -217,8 +217,14 @@ const JS_SINKS = [
   /\bsetAttribute\(\s*['"](?:title|aria-label|aria-valuetext|placeholder|alt)['"]\s*,\s*/g,
   /\b(?:createTextNode|insertAdjacentText)\(\s*(?:['"][a-z]+['"]\s*,\s*)?/g,
   /\binsertAdjacentHTML\(\s*['"][a-z]+['"]\s*,\s*/g,
-  /\b(?:showToast|toast|setHint|announce|say)\(\s*/g,
-  /(?:^|[{,\s])(?:label|title|tooltip|placeholder|hint|ariaLabel|accessibilityLabel|caption|subtitle|kicker|emptyText|blurb|countLabel)\s*:\s*/gm,
+  // Also showToast?.(…) and this._showToast(…).
+  /\b_?(?:showToast|toast|setHint|announce|say)(?:\?\.)?\(\s*/g,
+  // `status` values are often codes ('ok', 'auth-failed'); visibleText drops
+  // those, so only readable text is reported.
+  /(?:^|[{,\s])(?:label|title|tooltip|placeholder|hint|ariaLabel|accessibilityLabel|caption|subtitle|kicker|emptyText|blurb|countLabel|status|loadingLabel|statusMessage)\s*:\s*/gm,
+  // Layer status set by assignment: this._error = …, stats.loadingLabel = ….
+  // A declared local (`const error = …`) is scratch, not a status field.
+  /(?<![\w$])(?<!\b(?:const|let|var)\s+)_?(?:error|loadingLabel|statusMessage|status)\s*(?:\?\?|\|\|)?=(?![=>])\s*/g,
 ];
 const MARKERS = /\b(?:t|tn|msg)\(/y;
 
diff --git a/scripts/package-boundaries.json b/scripts/package-boundaries.json
index 02ddce387..736a1d38b 100644
--- a/scripts/package-boundaries.json
+++ b/scripts/package-boundaries.json
@@ -469,7 +469,8 @@
       "src/i18n/locales/es.json",
       "src/i18n/locales/ru.json",
       "src/ui/unitLabels.js",
-      "src/ui/keyGuidance.js"
+      "src/ui/keyGuidance.js",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
@@ -737,7 +738,8 @@
       "src/i18n/locales/ru.json",
       "src/ui/unitLabels.js",
       "src/ui/keyGuidance.js",
-      "src/ui/layerNames.js"
+      "src/ui/layerNames.js",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium"]
   },
@@ -1570,6 +1572,7 @@
       "src/voice/referents.js",
       "src/voice/layerManifest.js",
       "src/voice/speech.js",
+      "src/cityPois.js",
       "src/ui/layerNames.js",
       "src/ui/unitLabels.js",
       "src/ui/placeNames.js",
@@ -1580,7 +1583,8 @@
       "src/i18n/index.js",
       "src/i18n/locale.js",
       "src/i18n/locales/es.json",
-      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json"
+      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
@@ -1794,6 +1798,7 @@
       "src/firstRunExperience.js",
       "src/hud.js",
       "src/hudLocality.js",
+      "src/hudLocalityFormat.js",
       "src/hudSummaryResponse.js",
       "src/keySetup.js",
       "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
@@ -2020,6 +2025,7 @@
       "src/loadingFeedback.js",
       "src/locationStatus.js",
       "src/locations.js",
+      "src/cityPois.js",
       "src/logoGaze.js",
       "src/mapStackChips.js",
       "src/mapStackController.js",
@@ -2436,7 +2442,8 @@
       "src/app/layers/airQuality.js",
       "src/layers/airQuality/index.js",
       "src/layers/airQuality/model.js",
-      "src/layers/airQuality/source.js"
+      "src/layers/airQuality/source.js",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js"
     ],
     "external": [
       "hls.js",
@@ -2792,6 +2799,7 @@
       "src/layers/vessels/testing.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/tracking.js",
       "src/locations.js",
+      "src/cityPois.js",
       "src/navigationPolicy.js",
       "src/overlays/worldOverlay.js",
       "src/overlays/worldOverlayDraw.js",
@@ -3000,7 +3008,11 @@
       "src/app/layers/airQuality.js",
       "src/layers/airQuality/index.js",
       "src/layers/airQuality/model.js",
-      "src/layers/airQuality/source.js"
+      "src/layers/airQuality/source.js",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js",
+      "src/ui/layerNames.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/source.js",
+      "src/sources/windBody.js"
     ],
     "external": [
       "hls.js",
@@ -3039,6 +3051,7 @@
       "src/keylessGeocoder.js",
       "src/layers/firms/anchors.js",
       "src/locations.js",
+      "src/cityPois.js",
       "src/cameraGroundGuard.js",
       "src/search/alpsGeocoder.js",
       "src/search/defaults.js",
@@ -3299,13 +3312,15 @@
       "src/voice/referents.js",
       "src/voice/layerManifest.js",
       "src/voice/speech.js",
+      "src/cityPois.js",
       "src/ui/layerNames.js",
       "src/ui/unitLabels.js",
       "src/voice/pointerReticle.js",
       "src/i18n/index.js",
       "src/i18n/locale.js",
       "src/i18n/locales/es.json",
-      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json"
+      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
@@ -3647,7 +3662,9 @@
       "src/i18n/index.js",
       "src/i18n/locale.js",
       "src/i18n/locales/es.json",
-      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json"
+      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js",
+      "src/ui/layerNames.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium"]
   },
@@ -3825,7 +3842,9 @@
       "src/i18n/index.js",
       "src/i18n/locale.js",
       "src/i18n/locales/es.json",
-      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json"
+      "src/i18n/locales/ru.json",
+      "src/ui/statusText.js",
+      "src/ui/layerNames.js"
     ],
     "external": ["cesium"]
   },
diff --git a/src/cityPois.js b/src/cityPois.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d0fc8c04c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/cityPois.js
@@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
+/**
+ * @module cityPois
+ * @description The preset cities and their landmarks — plain data with no
+ * Cesium, so modules that only need the names (voice cards) can import it.
+ * `locations.js` re-exports it.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Points of Interest per city.
+ * Each city has 5 POIs; the first is the default fly-to landmark.
+ *
+ * Field reference:
+ *   alt     — RANGE (distance from target in meters), NOT absolute altitude
+ *   heading — optimal camera heading in degrees (0=N, 90=E, 180=S, 270=W)
+ *   pitch   — camera tilt in degrees (negative = looking down)
+ *   buildingHeight — estimated height of landmark center above ground (meters)
+ */
+export const CITY_POIS = {
+  austin: {
+    name: 'Austin',
+    groundElevation: 150, // meters above WGS84 ellipsoid
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 30.1, lng: -97.95 },
+      northeast: { lat: 30.52, lng: -97.55 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Texas State Capitol',
+        lat: 30.2747,
+        lon: -97.7403,
+        alt: 550,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 35,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Frost Bank Tower',
+        lat: 30.2674,
+        lon: -97.7434,
+        alt: 550,
+        pitch: -22,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 80,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Pennybacker Bridge',
+        lat: 30.3451,
+        lon: -97.7951,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 40,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'The Jenga Tower',
+        lat: 30.2642,
+        lon: -97.75,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -18,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 60,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'UT Tower',
+        lat: 30.2862,
+        lon: -97.7394,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -22,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 50,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  sf: {
+    name: 'San Francisco',
+    groundElevation: 15,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 37.7, lng: -122.53 },
+      northeast: { lat: 37.84, lng: -122.35 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Golden Gate Bridge',
+        lat: 37.8199,
+        lon: -122.4783,
+        alt: 1400,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Transamerica Pyramid',
+        lat: 37.7952,
+        lon: -122.4028,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 85,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Salesforce Tower',
+        lat: 37.7897,
+        lon: -122.3972,
+        alt: 680,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 330,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Alcatraz Island',
+        lat: 37.8267,
+        lon: -122.423,
+        alt: 800,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Coit Tower',
+        lat: 37.8024,
+        lon: -122.4058,
+        alt: 420,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 30,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  nyc: {
+    name: 'New York',
+    groundElevation: 10,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 40.477, lng: -74.259 },
+      northeast: { lat: 40.918, lng: -73.7 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Statue of Liberty',
+        lat: 40.6892,
+        lon: -74.0445,
+        alt: 450,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 315,
+        buildingHeight: 45,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Empire State Building',
+        lat: 40.7484,
+        lon: -73.9857,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -12,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 130,
+        buildingBounds: { height: 443, width: 130, depth: 75 },
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'One World Trade Center',
+        lat: 40.7127,
+        lon: -74.0134,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 170,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Brooklyn Bridge',
+        lat: 40.7061,
+        lon: -73.9969,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 40,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Chrysler Building',
+        lat: 40.7516,
+        lon: -73.9755,
+        alt: 700,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 225,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  tokyo: {
+    name: 'Tokyo',
+    groundElevation: 40,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 35.52, lng: 139.55 },
+      northeast: { lat: 35.9, lng: 139.92 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Tokyo Tower',
+        lat: 35.6586,
+        lon: 139.7454,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 110,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Tokyo Skytree',
+        lat: 35.7101,
+        lon: 139.8107,
+        alt: 900,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 200,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Imperial Palace',
+        lat: 35.6852,
+        lon: 139.7528,
+        alt: 900,
+        pitch: -35,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Senso-ji Temple',
+        lat: 35.7148,
+        lon: 139.7967,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower',
+        lat: 35.6929,
+        lon: 139.6925,
+        alt: 350,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 70,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  london: {
+    name: 'London',
+    groundElevation: 15,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 51.28, lng: -0.51 },
+      northeast: { lat: 51.7, lng: 0.33 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Tower Bridge',
+        lat: 51.5055,
+        lon: -0.0754,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 65,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'The Shard',
+        lat: 51.5045,
+        lon: -0.0865,
+        alt: 850,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Big Ben / Parliament',
+        lat: 51.5007,
+        lon: -0.1246,
+        alt: 600,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 50,
+      },
+      {
+        name: "St. Paul's Cathedral",
+        lat: 51.5138,
+        lon: -0.0984,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 55,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'The Gherkin',
+        lat: 51.5145,
+        lon: -0.0803,
+        alt: 350,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 60,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  paris: {
+    name: 'Paris',
+    groundElevation: 35,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 48.815, lng: 2.224 },
+      northeast: { lat: 48.902, lng: 2.47 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Eiffel Tower',
+        lat: 48.8584,
+        lon: 2.2945,
+        alt: 750,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 315,
+        buildingHeight: 150,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Arc de Triomphe',
+        lat: 48.8738,
+        lon: 2.295,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Notre-Dame',
+        lat: 48.853,
+        lon: 2.3499,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 225,
+        buildingHeight: 35,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Sacré-Cœur',
+        lat: 48.8867,
+        lon: 2.3431,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 40,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Louvre Pyramid',
+        lat: 48.8606,
+        lon: 2.3376,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -35,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 10,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  dubai: {
+    name: 'Dubai',
+    groundElevation: 5,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 24.95, lng: 54.9 },
+      northeast: { lat: 25.35, lng: 55.55 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Burj Khalifa',
+        lat: 25.1972,
+        lon: 55.2744,
+        alt: 600,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 200,
+        buildingHeight: 270,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Burj Al Arab',
+        lat: 25.1412,
+        lon: 55.1853,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 100,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Palm Jumeirah',
+        lat: 25.1124,
+        lon: 55.139,
+        alt: 1200,
+        pitch: -40,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Dubai Frame',
+        lat: 25.235,
+        lon: 55.3003,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 75,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Museum of the Future',
+        lat: 25.2197,
+        lon: 55.2806,
+        alt: 350,
+        pitch: -20,
+        heading: 30,
+        buildingHeight: 35,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  dc: {
+    name: 'Washington DC',
+    groundElevation: 10,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 38.79, lng: -77.12 },
+      northeast: { lat: 38.995, lng: -76.91 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'US Capitol',
+        lat: 38.8897,
+        lon: -77.0091,
+        alt: 550,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 270,
+        buildingHeight: 45,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Washington Monument',
+        lat: 38.8895,
+        lon: -77.0353,
+        alt: 500,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 85,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Lincoln Memorial',
+        lat: 38.8893,
+        lon: -77.0502,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Pentagon',
+        lat: 38.8711,
+        lon: -77.0559,
+        alt: 800,
+        pitch: -40,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Jefferson Memorial',
+        lat: 38.8814,
+        lon: -77.0365,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 0,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  tallinn: {
+    name: 'Tallinn',
+    groundElevation: 15,
+    viewBounds: {
+      southwest: { lat: 59.36, lng: 24.6 },
+      northeast: { lat: 59.52, lng: 24.92 },
+    },
+    pois: [
+      {
+        name: 'Viru Square',
+        lat: 59.4366,
+        lon: 24.7527,
+        alt: 450,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 60,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Old Town / Raekoja plats',
+        lat: 59.4372,
+        lon: 24.7452,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 180,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Teatri väljak',
+        lat: 59.4344,
+        lon: 24.7514,
+        alt: 400,
+        pitch: -25,
+        heading: 220,
+        buildingHeight: 25,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Port of Tallinn',
+        lat: 59.4445,
+        lon: 24.7675,
+        alt: 700,
+        pitch: -30,
+        heading: 90,
+        buildingHeight: 20,
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'Ülemiste',
+        lat: 59.421,
+        lon: 24.792,
+        alt: 600,
+        pitch: -28,
+        heading: 45,
+        buildingHeight: 30,
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/data/aisWatchdog.js b/src/data/aisWatchdog.js
index 6d88f93f8..253482727 100644
--- a/src/data/aisWatchdog.js
+++ b/src/data/aisWatchdog.js
@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
     if (!env.hasKey) {
       const actions = terminateOwned('key-absent');
       status = 'missing-key';
+      // i18n-ignore: server detail; the chip shows a translated reason (vessels/queries.js)
       error = 'AISSTREAM_API_KEY is not set';
       reconnectAttempt = 0;
       keyFingerprint = null;
@@ -257,6 +258,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
     if (env.hasTransport === false) {
       const actions = terminateOwned('no-transport');
       status = 'unsupported';
+      // i18n-ignore: server detail; the chip shows a translated reason (vessels/queries.js)
       error = 'Node WebSocket transport is unavailable';
       return actions;
     }
@@ -329,6 +331,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
       if (!silenceWatchArmed) return [];
       const silentFor = monoNow - silenceSinceMono;
       if (silentFor >= recycleAfterMs) {
+        // i18n-ignore: server detail; the chip shows a translated reason (vessels/queries.js)
         error = `AISStream delivered no data for ${Math.round(silentFor / 1000)}s`;
         const actions = terminateOwned('silent');
         scheduleRetry('transport');
@@ -401,6 +404,7 @@ export function createAisWatchdog(options = {}) {
   function onClose(eventGeneration) {
     if (!ownsGeneration(eventGeneration)) return [];
     release();
+    // i18n-ignore: server detail; the chip shows a translated reason (vessels/queries.js)
     if (!error) error = 'AISStream websocket closed';
     scheduleRetry('transport');
     return [];
diff --git a/src/data/detectionHost.test.mjs b/src/data/detectionHost.test.mjs
index 6d050474b..06bfe01af 100644
--- a/src/data/detectionHost.test.mjs
+++ b/src/data/detectionHost.test.mjs
@@ -27,25 +27,17 @@ import { DETECTION_THEME_MAP } from '../overlays/worldOverlayTokens.js';
 import { composeLabel, resolveTier } from './detectionDraw.js';
 
 test('detection diagnostics count rendered fading rows instead of absent selected identities', () => {
-  assert.equal(
-    countFadingRenderEntries([
-      { selected: true },
-      { selected: false },
-      { selected: true },
-      { selected: false },
-    ]),
-    2,
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    countFadingRenderEntries([{ selected: true }, { selected: true }]),
-    0,
-  );
+  assert.equal(countFadingRenderEntries([
+    { selected: true },
+    { selected: false },
+    { selected: true },
+    { selected: false },
+  ]), 2);
+  assert.equal(countFadingRenderEntries([{ selected: true }, { selected: true }]), 0);
 });
 
 class MockEvent {
-  constructor() {
-    this.listeners = new Set();
-  }
+  constructor() { this.listeners = new Set(); }
 
   addEventListener(listener) {
     this.listeners.add(listener);
@@ -77,127 +69,62 @@ function mockContext(target, trace) {
   return {
     calls,
     font: '',
-    get filter() {
-      return filter;
-    },
-    set filter(value) {
-      filter = value;
-      record('filter', value);
-    },
+    get filter() { return filter; },
+    set filter(value) { filter = value; record('filter', value); },
     fillStyle: '',
-    get strokeStyle() {
-      return strokeStyle;
-    },
-    set strokeStyle(value) {
-      strokeStyle = value;
-      record('strokeStyle', value);
-    },
+    get strokeStyle() { return strokeStyle; },
+    set strokeStyle(value) { strokeStyle = value; record('strokeStyle', value); },
     globalAlpha: 1,
-    get globalCompositeOperation() {
-      return globalCompositeOperation;
-    },
-    set globalCompositeOperation(value) {
-      globalCompositeOperation = value;
-      record('globalCompositeOperation', value);
-    },
+    get globalCompositeOperation() { return globalCompositeOperation; },
+    set globalCompositeOperation(value) { globalCompositeOperation = value; record('globalCompositeOperation', value); },
     lineWidth: 1,
-    measureText(text) {
-      return { width: String(text).length * 6 };
-    },
-    setTransform(...args) {
-      record('setTransform', ...args);
-    },
-    clearRect(...args) {
-      record('clearRect', ...args);
-    },
-    save() {
-      record('save');
-    },
-    restore() {
-      record('restore');
-    },
-    translate(...args) {
-      record('translate', ...args);
-    },
-    scale(...args) {
-      record('scale', ...args);
-    },
-    beginPath() {
-      record('beginPath');
-    },
-    rect(...args) {
-      record('rect', ...args);
-    },
-    clip(...args) {
-      record('clip', ...args);
-    },
-    moveTo(...args) {
-      record('moveTo', ...args);
-    },
-    lineTo(...args) {
-      record('lineTo', ...args);
-    },
-    arc(...args) {
-      record('arc', ...args);
-    },
-    arcTo(...args) {
-      record('arcTo', ...args);
-    },
-    closePath() {
-      record('closePath');
-    },
+    measureText(text) { return { width: String(text).length * 6 }; },
+    setTransform(...args) { record('setTransform', ...args); },
+    clearRect(...args) { record('clearRect', ...args); },
+    save() { record('save'); },
+    restore() { record('restore'); },
+    translate(...args) { record('translate', ...args); },
+    scale(...args) { record('scale', ...args); },
+    beginPath() { record('beginPath'); },
+    rect(...args) { record('rect', ...args); },
+    clip(...args) { record('clip', ...args); },
+    moveTo(...args) { record('moveTo', ...args); },
+    lineTo(...args) { record('lineTo', ...args); },
+    arc(...args) { record('arc', ...args); },
+    arcTo(...args) { record('arcTo', ...args); },
+    closePath() { record('closePath'); },
     // The style is recorded AT fill time, not on assignment, so a pin can prove
     // which plate token actually reached the canvas rather than which one was
     // set at some point during the frame. globalAlpha rides along for the same
     // reason: the backdrop feather is an alpha, not a colour.
-    fill(path) {
-      record('fill', path, this.fillStyle, this.globalAlpha);
-    },
-    stroke(path) {
-      record('stroke', path, this.strokeStyle, this.lineWidth);
-    },
-    fillRect(...args) {
-      record('fillRect', ...args);
-    },
-    fillText(...args) {
-      record('fillText', ...args);
-    },
-    drawImage(...args) {
-      record('drawImage', ...args);
-    },
+    fill(path) { record('fill', path, this.fillStyle, this.globalAlpha); },
+    stroke(path) { record('stroke', path, this.strokeStyle, this.lineWidth); },
+    fillRect(...args) { record('fillRect', ...args); },
+    fillText(...args) { record('fillText', ...args); },
+    drawImage(...args) { record('drawImage', ...args); },
   };
 }
 
 // `search` seeds window.location.search. The detection mode banner is developer
 // telemetry gated behind ?detectDebug=1, so any test that uses the banner as its
 // "did this frame repaint" probe must opt in explicitly.
-function installEnvironment({
-  width = 800,
-  height = 600,
-  dpr = 2,
-  search = '',
-} = {}) {
+function installEnvironment({ width = 800, height = 600, dpr = 2, search = '' } = {}) {
   const byId = new Map();
   const paintTrace = [];
   const ctx = mockContext('shared', paintTrace);
   const detectionCtx = mockContext('detection', paintTrace);
-  const originalPerformance = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(
-    globalThis,
-    'performance',
-  );
+  const originalPerformance = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(globalThis, 'performance');
   const originalDateNow = Date.now;
   const originalPath2D = globalThis.Path2D;
   let currentTime = 1_000;
   let performanceStep = 0;
   Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'performance', {
     configurable: true,
-    value: {
-      now: () => {
-        const value = currentTime;
-        currentTime += performanceStep;
-        return value;
-      },
-    },
+    value: { now: () => {
+      const value = currentTime;
+      currentTime += performanceStep;
+      return value;
+    } },
   });
   Date.now = () => currentTime;
   globalThis.Path2D = MockPath2D;
@@ -240,9 +167,7 @@ function installEnvironment({
       register(this);
     }
 
-    getBoundingClientRect() {
-      return this._rect;
-    }
+    getBoundingClientRect() { return this._rect; }
     getContext() {
       if (this.tagName !== 'CANVAS') return null;
       return this.id === 'world-overlay-detection-surface' ? detectionCtx : ctx;
@@ -255,17 +180,13 @@ function installEnvironment({
 
     remove() {
       if (this.parentElement) {
-        this.parentElement.children = this.parentElement.children.filter(
-          (child) => child !== this,
-        );
+        this.parentElement.children = this.parentElement.children.filter((child) => child !== this);
       }
       unregister(this);
       this.parentElement = null;
     }
 
-    get nextSibling() {
-      return null;
-    }
+    get nextSibling() { return null; }
   }
 
   function register(element) {
@@ -279,26 +200,14 @@ function installEnvironment({
   }
 
   const body = new MockElement('body');
-  body.classList = {
-    contains() {
-      return false;
-    },
-  };
+  body.classList = { contains() { return false; } };
   const document = {
     body,
-    createElement(tagName) {
-      return new MockElement(tagName);
-    },
-    getElementById(id) {
-      return byId.get(id) || null;
-    },
-    querySelector(selector) {
-      return byId.get(selector.slice(1)) || null;
-    },
+    createElement(tagName) { return new MockElement(tagName); },
+    getElementById(id) { return byId.get(id) || null; },
+    querySelector(selector) { return byId.get(selector.slice(1)) || null; },
     querySelectorAll(selector) {
-      const element = selector.startsWith('#')
-        ? byId.get(selector.slice(1))
-        : null;
+      const element = selector.startsWith('#') ? byId.get(selector.slice(1)) : null;
       return element ? [element] : [];
     },
   };
@@ -307,18 +216,10 @@ function installEnvironment({
     location: { search },
     addEventListener() {},
     removeEventListener() {},
-    getComputedStyle() {
-      return { display: 'block', visibility: 'visible', opacity: '1' };
-    },
-  };
-  globalThis.ResizeObserver = class {
-    observe() {}
-    disconnect() {}
-  };
-  globalThis.MutationObserver = class {
-    observe() {}
-    disconnect() {}
+    getComputedStyle() { return { display: 'block', visibility: 'visible', opacity: '1' }; },
   };
+  globalThis.ResizeObserver = class { observe() {} disconnect() {} };
+  globalThis.MutationObserver = class { observe() {} disconnect() {} };
   globalThis.document = document;
   globalThis.window = window;
 
@@ -340,9 +241,7 @@ function installEnvironment({
       positionWC: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, 10_000_000),
       positionCartographic: { height: 1_000_000 },
       viewMatrix: Cesium.Matrix4.clone(Cesium.Matrix4.IDENTITY),
-      frustum: {
-        projectionMatrix: Cesium.Matrix4.clone(Cesium.Matrix4.IDENTITY),
-      },
+      frustum: { projectionMatrix: Cesium.Matrix4.clone(Cesium.Matrix4.IDENTITY) },
       moveEnd: new MockEvent(),
     },
     scene: { postRender, requestRender() {} },
@@ -355,12 +254,8 @@ function installEnvironment({
     ctx,
     detectionCtx,
     paintTrace,
-    advance(ms) {
-      currentTime += ms;
-    },
-    setPerformanceStep(ms) {
-      performanceStep = ms;
-    },
+    advance(ms) { currentTime += ms; },
+    setPerformanceStep(ms) { performanceStep = ms; },
     cleanup() {
       destroyDetection();
       destroyWorldOverlay();
@@ -371,8 +266,7 @@ function installEnvironment({
       delete globalThis.window;
       delete globalThis.ResizeObserver;
       delete globalThis.MutationObserver;
-      if (originalPerformance)
-        Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'performance', originalPerformance);
+      if (originalPerformance) Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'performance', originalPerformance);
       else delete globalThis.performance;
     },
   };
@@ -401,16 +295,14 @@ function militaryLayer() {
   return {
     id: 'military',
     getDetectableObjects() {
-      return [
-        {
-          position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, 6_356_752),
-          sourceId: 'military-pin',
-          id: 'MIL-PIN',
-          metric: 'FL450',
-          type: 'AIR',
-          tier: 'military',
-        },
-      ];
+      return [{
+        position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, 6_356_752),
+        sourceId: 'military-pin',
+        id: 'MIL-PIN',
+        metric: 'FL450',
+        type: 'AIR',
+        tier: 'military',
+      }];
     },
   };
 }
@@ -466,9 +358,7 @@ test('detection lifecycle re-hosts unchanged painters behind the sole host liste
     assert.equal(env.postRender.listeners.size, 1);
     assert.equal(env.document.getElementById('detection-overlay'), null);
     assert.ok(env.document.getElementById('world-overlay-canvas'));
-    const surface = env.document.getElementById(
-      'world-overlay-detection-surface',
-    );
+    const surface = env.document.getElementById('world-overlay-detection-surface');
     const root = env.document.getElementById('world-overlay-root');
     const mainCanvas = env.document.getElementById('world-overlay-canvas');
     assert.ok(surface);
@@ -491,36 +381,19 @@ test('detection lifecycle re-hosts unchanged painters behind the sole host liste
     assert.equal(first.profile, 'DENSE');
     assert.ok(Array.isArray(first.calloutRects));
     if (first.calloutRects.length) {
-      const x = first.calloutRects[0].x;
-      first.calloutRects[0].x = NaN;
-      assert.equal(
-        getDetectionDiagnostics().calloutRects[0].x,
-        x,
-        'QA owns a copy, never a live plate',
-      );
+      const x=first.calloutRects[0].x;
+      first.calloutRects[0].x=NaN;
+      assert.equal(getDetectionDiagnostics().calloutRects[0].x,x,'QA owns a copy, never a live plate');
     }
     assert.equal(first.observationCount, 2);
     assert.equal(first.didSolve, true);
     assert.ok(first.solveRevision > 0);
     assert.ok(first.collectiveLabelBudget > 0);
-    assert.ok(
-      first.bracketOpacityCounts.full + first.bracketOpacityCounts.partial > 0,
-    );
-    assert.ok(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.some(
-        ([name, text]) =>
-          name === 'fillText' && String(text).startsWith('DENSE  VIS:'),
-      ),
-    );
-    assert.ok(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.some(
-        ([name, path]) => name === 'stroke' && path instanceof MockPath2D,
-      ),
-    );
-    assert.ok(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name]) => name === 'fillRect'),
-      'scanlines and banner still paint',
-    );
+    assert.ok(first.bracketOpacityCounts.full + first.bracketOpacityCounts.partial > 0);
+    assert.ok(env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText'
+      && String(text).startsWith('DENSE  VIS:')));
+    assert.ok(env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name, path]) => name === 'stroke' && path instanceof MockPath2D));
+    assert.ok(env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name]) => name === 'fillRect'), 'scanlines and banner still paint');
     assert.equal(env.detectionCtx.globalCompositeOperation, 'source-over');
     assert.equal(env.detectionCtx.filter, 'none');
     assert.equal(surface.style.display, 'block');
@@ -536,16 +409,8 @@ test('detection lifecycle re-hosts unchanged painters behind the sole host liste
     // screen-blended sensor surface: `screen` can only lighten, so a callout's
     // dark backing plate is a no-op over sunlit ground and the text dissolves
     // into it. Brackets, banner and scanlines stay on the sensor surface.
-    assert.ok(
-      env.ctx.calls.some(
-        ([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'TEST0',
-      ),
-    );
-    assert.ok(
-      !env.detectionCtx.calls.some(
-        ([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'TEST0',
-      ),
-    );
+    assert.ok(env.ctx.calls.some(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'TEST0'));
+    assert.ok(!env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'TEST0'));
     env.advance(1);
     env.postRender.raise();
     assert.ok(getDetectionDiagnostics().solveRevision > first.solveRevision);
@@ -555,10 +420,7 @@ test('detection lifecycle re-hosts unchanged painters behind the sole host liste
     assert.equal(getMode(), 'SPARSE');
     assert.equal(getDetectionDiagnostics().profile, 'SPARSE');
     assert.equal(getDetectionDiagnostics().allocationStrategy, 'WEIGHTED');
-    assert.ok(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name]) => name === 'arc'),
-      'sparse focus ring remains available',
-    );
+    assert.ok(env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name]) => name === 'arc'), 'sparse focus ring remains available');
 
     setMode('BALANCED');
     env.postRender.raise();
@@ -567,12 +429,9 @@ test('detection lifecycle re-hosts unchanged painters behind the sole host liste
     env.postRender.raise();
     assert.equal(getDetectionDiagnostics().profile, 'DENSE');
 
-    const bannerCount = () =>
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(
-        ([name, text]) =>
-          name === 'fillText' &&
-          /^(SPARSE|BALANCED|DENSE)  VIS:/.test(String(text)),
-      ).length;
+    const bannerCount = () => env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name, text]) => (
+      name === 'fillText' && /^(SPARSE|BALANCED|DENSE)  VIS:/.test(String(text))
+    )).length;
     const beforeSuspend = bannerCount();
     suspendDetection('intercity');
     assert.equal(isDetectionSuspended(), true);
@@ -589,12 +448,9 @@ test('detection lifecycle re-hosts unchanged painters behind the sole host liste
     // These are the exact engine calls made by military style presets after
     // their production UI gate chooses CRT/NVG/FLIR defaults.
     const expectedThemes = {
-      retro:
-        'contrast(1.08) saturate(1.04) drop-shadow(0 0 3px rgba(255, 176, 56, 0.45))',
-      surveillance:
-        'contrast(1.12) saturate(1.12) drop-shadow(0 0 3px rgba(120, 255, 120, 0.42))',
-      thermal:
-        'contrast(1.1) saturate(1.08) drop-shadow(0 0 3px rgba(255, 224, 170, 0.42))',
+      retro: 'contrast(1.08) saturate(1.04) drop-shadow(0 0 3px rgba(255, 176, 56, 0.45))',
+      surveillance: 'contrast(1.12) saturate(1.12) drop-shadow(0 0 3px rgba(120, 255, 120, 0.42))',
+      thermal: 'contrast(1.1) saturate(1.08) drop-shadow(0 0 3px rgba(255, 224, 170, 0.42))',
     };
     for (const style of ['retro', 'surveillance', 'thermal']) {
       setMode('OFF');
@@ -620,28 +476,17 @@ test('detection lifecycle re-hosts unchanged painters behind the sole host liste
     assert.equal(getMode(), 'OFF');
     assert.equal(surface.style.display, 'none');
     assert.equal(env.postRender.listeners.size, 1);
-    assert.ok(
-      modes.includes('SPARSE') &&
-        modes.includes('BALANCED') &&
-        modes.includes('DENSE'),
-    );
+    assert.ok(modes.includes('SPARSE') && modes.includes('BALANCED') && modes.includes('DENSE'));
 
     destroyDetection();
-    assert.equal(
-      env.postRender.listeners.size,
-      1,
-      'detection never owns the listener',
-    );
+    assert.equal(env.postRender.listeners.size, 1, 'detection never owns the listener');
     setMode('DENSE');
     env.postRender.raise();
     assert.equal(env.document.getElementById('detection-overlay'), null);
     destroyWorldOverlay();
     assert.equal(env.postRender.listeners.size, 0);
     assert.equal(env.document.getElementById('world-overlay-canvas'), null);
-    assert.equal(
-      env.document.getElementById('world-overlay-detection-surface'),
-      null,
-    );
+    assert.equal(env.document.getElementById('world-overlay-detection-surface'), null);
   } finally {
     env.cleanup();
   }
@@ -654,22 +499,16 @@ test('callouts stop painting the moment the last detectable object goes away', (
   // clear the replay buffer, or the final callsigns stay stranded on the
   // shared canvas after the last data layer is switched off.
   const env = installEnvironment();
-  let objects = [
-    {
-      position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, 6_356_752),
-      sourceId: 'lonely-1',
-      id: 'LASTONE',
-      metric: 'FL120',
-      type: 'AIR',
-    },
-  ];
+  let objects = [{
+    position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, 6_356_752),
+    sourceId: 'lonely-1',
+    id: 'LASTONE',
+    metric: 'FL120',
+    type: 'AIR',
+  }];
   try {
     initWorldOverlay(env.viewer);
-    initDetection(
-      env.viewer,
-      [{ id: 'flights', getDetectableObjects: () => objects }],
-      () => {},
-    );
+    initDetection(env.viewer, [{ id: 'flights', getDetectableObjects: () => objects }], () => {});
     setMode('DENSE');
     env.advance(250);
     env.postRender.raise();
@@ -678,9 +517,7 @@ test('callouts stop painting the moment the last detectable object goes away', (
     env.advance(250);
     env.postRender.raise();
     assert.ok(
-      env.ctx.calls.some(
-        ([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'LASTONE',
-      ),
+      env.ctx.calls.some(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'LASTONE'),
       'the callout paints on the shared canvas while the contact exists',
     );
 
@@ -691,9 +528,7 @@ test('callouts stop painting the moment the last detectable object goes away', (
     env.advance(250);
     env.postRender.raise();
     assert.ok(
-      !env.ctx.calls.some(
-        ([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'LASTONE',
-      ),
+      !env.ctx.calls.some(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'LASTONE'),
       'an empty field must drop the replay buffer, not strand the last callsign',
     );
   } finally {
@@ -760,24 +595,12 @@ test('space-tier callouts take the heavier plate while air contacts keep the lig
       theme.calloutPlateSpace,
       'the fixture is only meaningful while the two tiers differ',
     );
-    const painted = (text) =>
-      env.ctx.calls.some(
-        ([name, value]) => name === 'fillText' && value === text,
-      );
-    assert.ok(
-      painted('AIRONE') && painted('SATONE'),
-      'both tiers reached the frame under test',
-    );
+    const painted = (text) => env.ctx.calls.some(([name, value]) => name === 'fillText' && value === text);
+    assert.ok(painted('AIRONE') && painted('SATONE'), 'both tiers reached the frame under test');
 
     const fills = sharedFillStyles(env);
-    assert.ok(
-      fills.includes(theme.calloutPlate),
-      'the air contact keeps the light plate',
-    );
-    assert.ok(
-      fills.includes(theme.calloutPlateSpace),
-      'the space contact takes the heavier plate',
-    );
+    assert.ok(fills.includes(theme.calloutPlate), 'the air contact keeps the light plate');
+    assert.ok(fills.includes(theme.calloutPlateSpace), 'the space contact takes the heavier plate');
   } finally {
     env.cleanup();
   }
@@ -794,16 +617,11 @@ test('surveillance military tier reaches the dedicated render target as shipped
     env.postRender.raise();
 
     assert.ok(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.some(
-        ([name, value]) => name === 'strokeStyle' && value === '#ff5a47',
-      ),
+      env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name, value]) => name === 'strokeStyle' && value === '#ff5a47'),
       'the production projection/tier/batched-bracket paint path emits surveillance military red',
     );
-    assert.ok(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.some(
-        ([name, path]) => name === 'stroke' && path instanceof MockPath2D,
-      ),
-    );
+    assert.ok(env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name, path]) => name === 'stroke'
+      && path instanceof MockPath2D));
   } finally {
     env.cleanup();
   }
@@ -815,71 +633,44 @@ test('pathological detection paint holds alternate frames without freezing share
   try {
     initWorldOverlay(env.viewer);
     initDetection(env.viewer, [detectableLayer()], () => {});
-    setOverlayEntries('valve-card', [
-      {
-        id: 'ambient-card',
-        position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, 0),
-        variant: 'label',
-        title: 'AMBIENT-CONTINUES',
-        selected: true,
-        protected: true,
-        horizonCull: false,
-        edgeFade: 'none',
-      },
-    ]);
+    setOverlayEntries('valve-card', [{
+      id: 'ambient-card',
+      position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, 0),
+      variant: 'label',
+      title: 'AMBIENT-CONTINUES',
+      selected: true,
+      protected: true,
+      horizonCull: false,
+      edgeFade: 'none',
+    }]);
     setMode('DENSE');
     env.advance(250);
     env.setPerformanceStep(30);
 
     env.postRender.raise();
     env.postRender.raise();
-    const detectionClears = env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(
-      ([name]) => name === 'clearRect',
-    ).length;
-    const detectionBanners = env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(
-      ([name, text]) =>
-        name === 'fillText' && String(text).startsWith('DENSE  VIS:'),
-    ).length;
-    const sharedClears = env.ctx.calls.filter(
-      ([name]) => name === 'clearRect',
-    ).length;
-    const sharedCards = env.ctx.calls.filter(
-      ([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'AMBIENT-CONTINUES',
-    ).length;
+    const detectionClears = env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length;
+    const detectionBanners = env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText'
+      && String(text).startsWith('DENSE  VIS:')).length;
+    const sharedClears = env.ctx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length;
+    const sharedCards = env.ctx.calls.filter(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText'
+      && text === 'AMBIENT-CONTINUES').length;
 
     env.postRender.raise();
-    assert.equal(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length,
-      detectionClears,
-      'the host preserves detection pixels on the held odd frame',
-    );
-    assert.equal(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(
-        ([name, text]) =>
-          name === 'fillText' && String(text).startsWith('DENSE  VIS:'),
-      ).length,
-      detectionBanners,
-    );
-    assert.equal(
-      env.ctx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length,
-      sharedClears + 1,
-      'the shared surface still clears',
-    );
-    assert.equal(
-      env.ctx.calls.filter(
-        ([name, text]) => name === 'fillText' && text === 'AMBIENT-CONTINUES',
-      ).length,
-      sharedCards + 1,
-      'the shared lane still repaints',
-    );
+    assert.equal(env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length, detectionClears,
+      'the host preserves detection pixels on the held odd frame');
+    assert.equal(env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText'
+      && String(text).startsWith('DENSE  VIS:')).length, detectionBanners);
+    assert.equal(env.ctx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length, sharedClears + 1,
+      'the shared surface still clears');
+    assert.equal(env.ctx.calls.filter(([name, text]) => name === 'fillText'
+      && text === 'AMBIENT-CONTINUES').length, sharedCards + 1,
+      'the shared lane still repaints');
     assert.equal(getDetectionDiagnostics().throttleSkipCount, 1);
 
     env.postRender.raise();
-    assert.equal(
-      env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length,
-      detectionClears + 1,
-      'the next even frame repaints detection',
-    );
+    assert.equal(env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name]) => name === 'clearRect').length,
+      detectionClears + 1, 'the next even frame repaints detection');
     assert.equal(getDetectionDiagnostics().throttleSkipCount, 1);
   } finally {
     env.cleanup();
@@ -887,14 +678,9 @@ test('pathological detection paint holds alternate frames without freezing share
 });
 
 test('detection cannot resurrect a private canvas, listener, matrix, resize, clear, or UI inventory', () => {
-  const source = readFileSync(
-    new URL('./detection.js', import.meta.url),
-    'utf8',
-  );
-  const uiSource =
-    readShellSource() +
-    '\n' +
-    readFileSync(new URL('../ui/visualPresets.js', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
+  const source = readFileSync(new URL('./detection.js', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
+  const uiSource = readShellSource()
+  + '\n' + readFileSync(new URL('../ui/visualPresets.js', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
   assert.doesNotMatch(source, /createElement\(\s*['"]canvas['"]\s*\)/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(source, /postRender\.addEventListener/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(source, /['"]detection-overlay['"]/);
@@ -904,20 +690,11 @@ test('detection cannot resurrect a private canvas, listener, matrix, resize, cle
   assert.doesNotMatch(source, /CALLOUT_OCCLUSION_SELECTORS/);
   assert.doesNotMatch(source, /_ctx\.(?:filter|globalCompositeOperation)\s*=/);
   assert.match(source, /_hostSurface\.style\.mixBlendMode = _theme\.blend;/);
-  assert.match(
-    source,
-    /_hostSurface\.style\.filter = `\$\{_theme\.filter\} drop-shadow\(0 0 \$\{GLOW_PX\}px \$\{_theme\.glow\}\)`;/,
-  );
+  assert.match(source, /_hostSurface\.style\.filter = `\$\{_theme\.filter\} drop-shadow\(0 0 \$\{GLOW_PX\}px \$\{_theme\.glow\}\)`;/);
   assert.match(source, /const LABEL_SOLVE_INTERVAL_MS = 125;/);
   assert.match(source, /const _labelArbiter = new LabelArbiter\(\);/);
-  assert.match(
-    source,
-    /const clipW = vp3 \* px \+ vp7 \* py \+ vp11 \* pz \+ vp15;/,
-  );
-  assert.match(
-    source,
-    /registerWorldOverlayPaintLane\('detection', _paintDetectionLane/,
-  );
+  assert.match(source, /const clipW = vp3 \* px \+ vp7 \* py \+ vp11 \* pz \+ vp15;/);
+  assert.match(source, /registerWorldOverlayPaintLane\('detection', _paintDetectionLane/);
   assert.match(source, /target: 'detection'/);
   assert.match(source, /shouldPaint: _shouldPaintDetectionLane/);
   // The three military styles used to carry three copies of these numbers.
@@ -934,10 +711,7 @@ test('detection cannot resurrect a private canvas, listener, matrix, resize, cle
     3,
     'CRT, NVG, and FLIR retain their Dense auto-enable defaults',
   );
-  assert.match(
-    uiSource,
-    /preset\.detection && !this\._detectionUserOverridden/,
-  );
+  assert.match(uiSource, /preset\.detection && !this\._detectionUserOverridden/);
 });
 
 // ── Developer telemetry gate (2026-08-20 QA hunt) ───────────────────────────
@@ -951,22 +725,15 @@ test('detectionDebugRequested parses the query-string gate and nothing else', ()
   assert.equal(detectionDebugRequested(''), false);
   assert.equal(detectionDebugRequested('?detectDebug=0'), false);
   assert.equal(detectionDebugRequested('?detectDebug'), false);
-  assert.equal(
-    detectionDebugRequested('?detectdebug=1'),
-    false,
-    'the flag is case-sensitive',
-  );
+  assert.equal(detectionDebugRequested('?detectdebug=1'), false, 'the flag is case-sensitive');
   assert.equal(detectionDebugRequested(undefined), false);
   assert.equal(detectionDebugRequested(null), false);
 });
 
 test('the mode banner is absent by default and present behind the flag', () => {
-  const bannerPaints = (env) =>
-    env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(
-      ([name, text]) =>
-        name === 'fillText' &&
-        /^(SPARSE|BALANCED|DENSE)  VIS:/.test(String(text)),
-    ).length;
+  const bannerPaints = (env) => env.detectionCtx.calls.filter(([name, text]) => (
+    name === 'fillText' && /^(SPARSE|BALANCED|DENSE)  VIS:/.test(String(text))
+  )).length;
 
   const painted = (search) => {
     const env = installEnvironment({ search });
@@ -978,9 +745,7 @@ test('the mode banner is absent by default and present behind the flag', () => {
       env.postRender.raise();
       // The overlay is alive either way — brackets still stroke.
       assert.ok(
-        env.detectionCtx.calls.some(
-          ([name, path]) => name === 'stroke' && path instanceof MockPath2D,
-        ),
+        env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name, path]) => name === 'stroke' && path instanceof MockPath2D),
         'detection still paints its contacts regardless of the debug gate',
       );
       return bannerPaints(env);
@@ -991,15 +756,8 @@ test('the mode banner is absent by default and present behind the flag', () => {
     }
   };
 
-  assert.equal(
-    painted(''),
-    0,
-    'users must never see the engine telemetry banner',
-  );
-  assert.ok(
-    painted('?detectDebug=1') > 0,
-    'the flag brings the telemetry back',
-  );
+  assert.equal(painted(''), 0, 'users must never see the engine telemetry banner');
+  assert.ok(painted('?detectDebug=1') > 0, 'the flag brings the telemetry back');
 });
 
 test('detection telemetry stays reachable programmatically with the banner hidden', () => {
@@ -1036,11 +794,7 @@ test('civilian and military AIR brackets cover front, left, and right at Sparse
         type: 'AIR',
       }));
       initWorldOverlay(env.viewer);
-      initDetection(
-        env.viewer,
-        [{ id: layerId, getDetectableObjects: () => objects }],
-        () => {},
-      );
+      initDetection(env.viewer, [{ id: layerId, getDetectableObjects: () => objects }], () => {});
       setDetectionTuning({ densityPct: 25 });
       setMode('SPARSE');
       settleFrame(env);
@@ -1053,10 +807,8 @@ test('civilian and military AIR brackets cover front, left, and right at Sparse
       assert.equal(diagnostics.visibleCount, 3);
       assert.equal(diagnostics.densityPct, 25);
       assert.equal(diagnostics.profile, 'SPARSE');
-      assert.ok(
-        diagnostics.selectedCount <= diagnostics.collectiveLabelBudget,
-        'Sparse keeps its documented budget instead of silently becoming Dense',
-      );
+      assert.ok(diagnostics.selectedCount <= diagnostics.collectiveLabelBudget,
+        'Sparse keeps its documented budget instead of silently becoming Dense');
     } finally {
       destroyDetection();
       destroyWorldOverlay();
@@ -1081,17 +833,11 @@ function backdropLayer() {
       return [
         {
           position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(-0.4, 0.2, 6_356_752),
-          sourceId: 'ground-1',
-          id: 'GROUNDED',
-          metric: 'FL100',
-          type: 'AIR',
+          sourceId: 'ground-1', id: 'GROUNDED', metric: 'FL100', type: 'AIR',
         },
         {
           position: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0.4, -0.2, 20_000_000),
-          sourceId: 'sky-1',
-          id: 'SKYBACK',
-          metric: 'FL400',
-          type: 'AIR',
+          sourceId: 'sky-1', id: 'SKYBACK', metric: 'FL400', type: 'AIR',
         },
       ];
     },
@@ -1113,14 +859,8 @@ test('the backdrop feather reaches the canvas as a lighter plate against sky', (
     env.ctx.calls.length = 0;
     settleFrame(env);
 
-    const painted = (text) =>
-      env.ctx.calls.some(
-        ([name, value]) => name === 'fillText' && value === text,
-      );
-    assert.ok(
-      painted('GROUNDED') && painted('SKYBACK'),
-      'both backdrops reached the frame under test',
-    );
+    const painted = (text) => env.ctx.calls.some(([name, value]) => name === 'fillText' && value === text);
+    assert.ok(painted('GROUNDED') && painted('SKYBACK'), 'both backdrops reached the frame under test');
 
     const plate = DETECTION_THEME_MAP._default.calloutPlate;
     const plateAlphas = env.ctx.calls
@@ -1131,10 +871,7 @@ test('the backdrop feather reaches the canvas as a lighter plate against sky', (
     const heaviest = Math.max(...plateAlphas);
     const lightest = Math.min(...plateAlphas);
     assert.ok(heaviest > 0, 'the grounded contact still gets a plate');
-    assert.ok(
-      lightest > 0,
-      'the sky contact keeps a whisper rather than vanishing',
-    );
+    assert.ok(lightest > 0, 'the sky contact keeps a whisper rather than vanishing');
     // Reverting the feature makes both plates equal, which fails here first.
     assert.ok(
       lightest < heaviest * 0.5,
@@ -1200,23 +937,9 @@ test('a transit vehicle is a contact: box, route, mode and operator on the share
       painted.some((text) => String(text).includes('34 KM/H')),
       'and so does what the vehicle is doing',
     );
-    assert.ok(
-      env.ctx.calls.some(
-        ([name, , color, width]) =>
-          name === 'stroke' && color === '#5EF08A' && width === 1.25,
-      ),
-    );
-    assert.ok(
-      env.ctx.calls.some(
-        ([name, , color, width]) =>
-          name === 'stroke' && color === '#05080C' && width === 3.25,
-      ),
-    );
-    assert.ok(
-      !env.detectionCtx.calls.some(
-        ([name, , color]) => name === 'stroke' && color === '#5EF08A',
-      ),
-    );
+    assert.ok(env.ctx.calls.some(([name, , color, width]) => name === 'stroke' && color === '#5EF08A' && width === 1.25));
+    assert.ok(env.ctx.calls.some(([name, , color, width]) => name === 'stroke' && color === '#05080C' && width === 3.25));
+    assert.ok(!env.detectionCtx.calls.some(([name, , color]) => name === 'stroke' && color === '#5EF08A'));
     // The operator travels on the object for the two-tier card form, which is
     // where `klass` is read; the host's track label does not paint it.
     assert.equal(composeLabel(objects[0]).secondary, 'MBTA · BUS 34 KM/H');
diff --git a/src/director/sharing/preview.js b/src/director/sharing/preview.js
index 400d5416d..631ecc48b 100644
--- a/src/director/sharing/preview.js
+++ b/src/director/sharing/preview.js
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import { BUNDLE_SOURCE } from './bundle.js';
 
+// Pack statuses stay English in the report; the import dialog shows them
+// through t() (scenes/sharing.js).
+const msg = (text) => text;
+
 /** Describe an import without fetching assets, applying state or exposing source configuration. */
 export function describeSceneShare(
   { project, assets },
@@ -16,11 +20,11 @@ export function describeSceneShare(
       status:
         pack.source.adapter === BUNDLE_SOURCE
           ? assets.has(pack.source.path)
-            ? 'Included in bundle'
-            : 'Missing bundle file — reimport its bundle'
+            ? msg('Included in bundle')
+            : msg('Missing bundle file — reimport its bundle')
           : sources.has(pack.source.adapter)
-            ? 'Source configured; file checked when loaded'
-            : 'Source unavailable',
+            ? msg('Source configured; file checked when loaded')
+            : msg('Source unavailable'),
     })),
   );
   return {
diff --git a/src/hud.js b/src/hud.js
index 980cbb6eb..7f2d5df88 100644
--- a/src/hud.js
+++ b/src/hud.js
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
 import { forward as toMGRS } from 'mgrs';
 import { CITY_POIS } from './locations.js';
 import { composeLocalityTag } from './hudLocality.js';
+import { hudQuantity, LOCALIZED_LOCALITY } from './hudLocalityFormat.js';
 import {
   ellipsoidalToMslDisplayM,
   ensureGeoidReady,
@@ -35,10 +36,8 @@ import {
   DEFAULT_HUD_LAYOUT,
   normalizeHudLayout,
 } from './hudLayouts.js';
-import { formatNumber, getLocale, msg, t } from './i18n/index.js';
-import { unitLabel } from './ui/unitLabels.js';
+import { formatNumber, msg, t } from './i18n/index.js';
 import { localizeLayerName } from './ui/layerPanel.js';
-import { localizePlaceName } from './ui/placeNames.js';
 
 /** Color palettes keyed by shader mode; applied as CSS custom properties. */
 const HUD_COLORS = {
@@ -138,38 +137,6 @@ function viewBandLabel(band) {
   }
 }
 
-/** An upper-case HUD quantity such as `13KM` / `13КМ`, in the active language. */
-function hudQuantity(value, unit, digits = 0) {
-  const number = formatNumber(value, {
-    useGrouping: false,
-    minimumFractionDigits: digits,
-    maximumFractionDigits: digits,
-  });
-  return `${number}${unitLabel(unit).toUpperCase()}`;
-}
-
-/** One hemisphere-tagged coordinate, e.g. `21.33N` / `21,33С`. */
-function hudCoordinate(value, positive, negative) {
-  return `${hudQuantity(Math.abs(value), '', 2)}${value >= 0 ? positive : negative}`;
-}
-
-/** The summary's locality line in the active language (see hudLocality.js). */
-const LOCALIZED_LOCALITY = Object.freeze({
-  // Translate the catalogued name (`Tokyo`), then upper-case it in the page's
-  // language: the place-name table knows `Tokyo`, not `TOKYO`.
-  near: ({ poi, city, distKm }) =>
-    t('NEAR {poi} ({city}) {distance}', {
-      poi: poi.toLocaleUpperCase(getLocale()),
-      city: localizePlaceName(city).toLocaleUpperCase(getLocale()),
-      distance: hudQuantity(Math.round(distKm), 'km'),
-    }),
-  sector: ({ latDeg, lonDeg }) =>
-    t('SECTOR {lat} {lon}', {
-      lat: hudCoordinate(latDeg, t('N'), t('S')),
-      lon: hudCoordinate(lonDeg, t('E'), t('W')),
-    }),
-});
-
 /** Shader modes that automatically show the HUD overlay. */
 const MILITARY_STYLES = new Set(['retro', 'surveillance', 'thermal']);
 
diff --git a/src/hudLocality.test.mjs b/src/hudLocality.test.mjs
index 40dcf651b..5bd5f0c9b 100644
--- a/src/hudLocality.test.mjs
+++ b/src/hudLocality.test.mjs
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
 import { composeLocalityTag, NEAR_POI_MAX_KM } from './hudLocality.js';
+import { LOCALIZED_LOCALITY } from './hudLocalityFormat.js';
+import { setLocale } from './i18n/index.js';
 
 const ALCATRAZ = { poi: 'Alcatraz Island', city: 'San Francisco' };
 const LINCOLN = { poi: 'Lincoln Memorial', city: 'Washington DC' };
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ test('a missing or malformed nearest POI never crashes the summary', () => {
 });
 
 // The names reach a formatter as catalogued, so the HUD can translate the
-// city before upper-casing it (N-04: `TOKYO` never matched the `Tokyo` key).
+// city before upper-casing it: the place-name table knows `Tokyo`, not `TOKYO`.
 test('a formatter builds the line from the same parts', () => {
   const format = {
     near: ({ poi, city, distKm }) => `near:${poi}|${city}|${distKm}`,
@@ -138,3 +140,20 @@ test('a formatter builds the line from the same parts', () => {
     'sector:21.3|-157.8',
   );
 });
+
+test('the HUD formatter translates the catalogued city, then upper-cases it', () => {
+  const tokyo = { poi: 'Tokyo Tower', city: 'Tokyo', distKm: 2 };
+  assert.equal(
+    composeLocalityTag(tokyo, 35.66, 139.75, LOCALIZED_LOCALITY),
+    'NEAR TOKYO TOWER (TOKYO) 2KM',
+  );
+  setLocale('ru');
+  try {
+    assert.match(
+      composeLocalityTag(tokyo, 35.66, 139.75, LOCALIZED_LOCALITY),
+      /\(ТОКИО\)/,
+    );
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+});
diff --git a/src/hudLocalityCity.test.mjs b/src/hudLocalityCity.test.mjs
deleted file mode 100644
index de6d08c7b..000000000
--- a/src/hudLocalityCity.test.mjs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-// N-04: the HUD locality line passes the city upper-cased ("TOKYO") to the
-// place-name lookup, which knows only "Tokyo", so the city never translates.
-// The formatter below is the HUD's own (src/hud.js LOCALIZED_LOCALITY.near);
-// hud.js itself does not load under node (mgrs CommonJS import).
-// Place: src/hudLocalityCity.test.mjs
-import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import test from 'node:test';
-import { setLocale } from './i18n/index.js';
-import { composeLocalityTag } from './hudLocality.js';
-import { localizePlaceName } from './ui/placeNames.js';
-
-const nearest = { poi: 'Tokyo Tower', city: 'Tokyo', distKm: 2 };
-const hudFormat = {
-  near: ({ city }) => localizePlaceName(city),
-  sector: () => '',
-};
-
-test('ru: the HUD locality names Tokyo in Russian', () => {
-  setLocale('ru');
-  try {
-    const shown = composeLocalityTag(nearest, 35.66, 139.75, hudFormat);
-    assert.match(shown, /токио/i);
-  } finally {
-    setLocale('en');
-  }
-});
diff --git a/src/hudLocalityFormat.js b/src/hudLocalityFormat.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a82fdbb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hudLocalityFormat.js
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/**
+ * @module hudLocalityFormat
+ * @description The HUD summary's locality line in the active language — the
+ * formatter `hud.js` hands to `composeLocalityTag`. Kept apart from `hud.js`
+ * (which imports `mgrs`, not loadable under plain Node) so it is unit-testable.
+ */
+import { formatNumber, getLocale, t } from './i18n/index.js';
+import { unitLabel } from './ui/unitLabels.js';
+import { localizePlaceName } from './ui/placeNames.js';
+
+/** An upper-case HUD quantity such as `13KM` / `13КМ`, in the active language. */
+export function hudQuantity(value, unit, digits = 0) {
+  const number = formatNumber(value, {
+    useGrouping: false,
+    minimumFractionDigits: digits,
+    maximumFractionDigits: digits,
+  });
+  return `${number}${unitLabel(unit).toUpperCase()}`;
+}
+
+/** One hemisphere-tagged coordinate, e.g. `21.33N` / `21,33С`. */
+function hudCoordinate(value, positive, negative) {
+  return `${hudQuantity(Math.abs(value), '', 2)}${value >= 0 ? positive : negative}`;
+}
+
+/** The summary's locality line in the active language (see hudLocality.js). */
+export const LOCALIZED_LOCALITY = Object.freeze({
+  // Translate the catalogued name (`Tokyo`), then upper-case it in the page's
+  // language: the place-name table knows `Tokyo`, not `TOKYO`.
+  near: ({ poi, city, distKm }) =>
+    t('NEAR {poi} ({city}) {distance}', {
+      poi: poi.toLocaleUpperCase(getLocale()),
+      city: localizePlaceName(city).toLocaleUpperCase(getLocale()),
+      distance: hudQuantity(Math.round(distKm), 'km'),
+    }),
+  sector: ({ latDeg, lonDeg }) =>
+    t('SECTOR {lat} {lon}', {
+      lat: hudCoordinate(latDeg, t('N'), t('S')),
+      lon: hudCoordinate(lonDeg, t('E'), t('W')),
+    }),
+});
diff --git a/src/i18n/catalog.test.mjs b/src/i18n/catalog.test.mjs
index 4df60577e..6697c547f 100644
--- a/src/i18n/catalog.test.mjs
+++ b/src/i18n/catalog.test.mjs
@@ -136,3 +136,78 @@ test('unmarkedScript finds literals that reach the page without t/tn/msg', () =>
     [],
   );
 });
+
+test('unmarkedScript sees toasts behind optional calls and private helpers', () => {
+  const texts = (js) => unmarkedScript('f.js', js).map((f) => f.text);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("showToast?.('North up');"), ['North up']);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("this._showToast('Search failed');"), [
+    'Search failed',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("this.showToast('Link copied');"), ['Link copied']);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("this.actions.showToast?.('Tilted view');"), [
+    'Tilted view',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("showToast?.(t('North up'));"), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("this._showToast(t('Search failed'));"), []);
+});
+
+test('unmarkedScript sees status text assigned to layer errors and labels', () => {
+  const texts = (js) => unmarkedScript('f.js', js).map((f) => f.text);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("layerState._error = 'live feed unavailable';"), [
+    'live feed unavailable',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    texts("this._error = err?.message || 'TeleGeography load failed';"),
+    ['TeleGeography load failed'],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("_error = 'Route request failed';"), [
+    'Route request failed',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("error ??= 'Feed closed';"), ['Feed closed']);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts('stats.error = `${name} fetch error`;'), [
+    'fetch error',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("loadingLabel = 'loading coverage...';"), [
+    'loading coverage...',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("state._loadingLabel = 'Loading cables';"), [
+    'Loading cables',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("stats.statusMessage = 'Add a key in Settings';"), [
+    'Add a key in Settings',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("this.status = 'Scene not saved';"), [
+    'Scene not saved',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    texts("layerState._error = msg('live feed unavailable');"),
+    [],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("stats.error = t('GBFS fetch error');"), []);
+  // Machine values, comparisons and local scratch variables are not UI text.
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("status = 'missing-key';"), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("if (error === 'Feed closed') stop();"), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("const error = log() || 'Unknown shader error';"), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts('stats.error = new Error(`HTTP ${code}`);'), []);
+});
+
+test('unmarkedScript sees human-readable status, loadingLabel and statusMessage fields', () => {
+  const texts = (js) => unmarkedScript('f.js', js).map((f) => f.text);
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    texts("return { status: 'Scene not saved — storage unavailable' };"),
+    ['Scene not saved — storage unavailable'],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    texts("return { status: ok ? 'Ready' : 'Source unavailable' };"),
+    ['Ready', 'Source unavailable'],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("return { loadingLabel: 'Loading feeds' };"), [
+    'Loading feeds',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("return { statusMessage: 'connect a receiver' };"), [
+    'connect a receiver',
+  ]);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("return { status: 'streaming', code: 'ok' };"), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("return { status: 'auth-failed' };"), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(texts("return { status: msg('Source unavailable') };"), []);
+});
diff --git a/src/i18n/i18n.test.mjs b/src/i18n/i18n.test.mjs
index 96443109b..a662130a1 100644
--- a/src/i18n/i18n.test.mjs
+++ b/src/i18n/i18n.test.mjs
@@ -243,6 +243,10 @@ test('tn() shows a caller-formatted count and still picks the form by number', (
   assert.equal(label(12345), '12,345 map objects');
   assert.equal(tn(12345, '{count} file', '{count} files'), '12345 files');
   setLocale('ru');
-  assert.equal(label(12345), '12 345 объектов на карте');
-  assert.equal(label(1), '1 объект на карте');
+  try {
+    assert.equal(label(12345), '12 345 объектов на карте');
+    assert.equal(label(1), '1 объект на карте');
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
 });
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/es.json b/src/i18n/locales/es.json
index 4749947a5..acbb540e3 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/es.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/es.json
@@ -2440,7 +2440,6 @@
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a route": "Sal de la cabina para volar a una ruta",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a file": "Sal de la cabina para volar a un archivo",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a scene": "Sal de la cabina para volar a una escena",
-  "Exit cockpit to fly to a {noun}": "Sal de la cabina para volar a {noun}",
   "Go to expanded Radio section": "Ir a la sección de Radio expandida",
   "Expand Radio section in Context": "Expandir la sección de Radio en Contexto",
   "Double-click the header to snap the panel back": "Haz doble clic en el encabezado para devolver el panel a su sitio",
@@ -2877,5 +2876,12 @@
   "unsaved provider keys": "las claves de proveedores sin guardar",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to an aircraft": "Sal de la cabina para volar a una aeronave",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a satellite": "Sal de la cabina para volar a un satélite",
-  "Exit cockpit to frame contacts": "Sal de la cabina para encuadrar contactos"
+  "Exit cockpit to frame contacts": "Sal de la cabina para encuadrar contactos",
+  "{feed} {count} ({seconds}s old)": "{feed} {count} (hace {seconds} s)",
+  "entry {n}": "n.º {n}",
+  "Upstream response too large": "Respuesta del origen demasiado grande",
+  "Included in bundle": "Incluido en el paquete",
+  "Missing bundle file — reimport its bundle": "Falta el archivo en el paquete — vuelve a importar su paquete",
+  "Source configured; file checked when loaded": "Fuente configurada; el archivo se comprobará al cargarlo",
+  "Source unavailable": "Fuente no disponible"
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ru.json b/src/i18n/locales/ru.json
index a13902555..b4b7b6af6 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ru.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ru.json
@@ -2481,7 +2481,6 @@
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a route": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к маршруту",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a file": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к файлу",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a scene": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к сцене",
-  "Exit cockpit to fly to a {noun}": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь: {noun}",
   "Go to expanded Radio section": "Перейти к развёрнутому разделу радио",
   "Expand Radio section in Context": "Развернуть раздел «Радио» в панели «Контекст»",
   "Double-click the header to snap the panel back": "Двойной щелчок по заголовку — вернуть панель на место",
@@ -2944,5 +2943,12 @@
   "unsaved provider keys": "несохранённые ключи провайдеров",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to an aircraft": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к самолёту",
   "Exit cockpit to fly to a satellite": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы перелететь к спутнику",
-  "Exit cockpit to frame contacts": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы показать контакты в кадре"
+  "Exit cockpit to frame contacts": "Выйдите из кабины, чтобы показать контакты в кадре",
+  "{feed} {count} ({seconds}s old)": "{feed} {count} ({seconds} с назад)",
+  "entry {n}": "№ {n}",
+  "Upstream response too large": "Слишком большой ответ источника",
+  "Included in bundle": "Входит в архив",
+  "Missing bundle file — reimport its bundle": "Файла нет в архиве — импортируйте этот архив снова",
+  "Source configured; file checked when loaded": "Источник настроен; файл будет проверен при загрузке",
+  "Source unavailable": "Источник недоступен"
 }
diff --git a/src/keySetup.js b/src/keySetup.js
index 0b632f35c..536b5e3fd 100644
--- a/src/keySetup.js
+++ b/src/keySetup.js
@@ -389,14 +389,9 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
   // A pasted key lives only in its field until Save: switching language (a
   // reload) asks first while any field holds one.
   const unregisterUnsavedWork = registerUnsavedWork(() =>
-    !disposed &&
-    Object.keys(
-      collectKeyUpdates(
-        [...(root.querySelectorAll?.('input[data-env-var]') || [])].map(
-          (input) => ({ envVar: input.dataset?.envVar, value: input.value }),
-        ),
-      ),
-    ).length
+    [...(root.querySelectorAll?.('input[data-env-var]') || [])].some((input) =>
+      String(input.value ?? '').trim(),
+    )
       ? msg('unsaved provider keys')
       : null,
   );
diff --git a/src/keySetup.test.mjs b/src/keySetup.test.mjs
index 786977cab..fcea0fc15 100644
--- a/src/keySetup.test.mjs
+++ b/src/keySetup.test.mjs
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ import {
   stripKeylessBasemapFromHash,
   bindKeySetupPlacement,
   waitForChatGptOAuth,
+  initKeySetup,
 } from './keySetup.js';
+import { describeUnsavedWork } from './i18n/index.js';
 
 test('setup placement moves the same button only in Cyber and disconnects on teardown', () => {
   const home = {
@@ -59,20 +61,10 @@ test('setup placement moves the same button only in Cyber and disconnects on tea
 });
 
 test('the chip counts what is missing, and retires the count at zero', () => {
-  assert.equal(
-    keySetupChipLabel({ setCount: 0, total: 8 }),
-    'POWER UP · 8 KEYS WAITING',
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    keySetupChipLabel({ setCount: 7, total: 8 }),
-    'POWER UP · 1 KEY WAITING',
-  );
+  assert.equal(keySetupChipLabel({ setCount: 0, total: 8 }), 'POWER UP · 8 KEYS WAITING');
+  assert.equal(keySetupChipLabel({ setCount: 7, total: 8 }), 'POWER UP · 1 KEY WAITING');
   assert.equal(keySetupChipLabel({ setCount: 8, total: 8 }), 'POWERED UP');
-  assert.equal(
-    keySetupChipLabel(null),
-    'POWERED UP',
-    'no status is not a broken label',
-  );
+  assert.equal(keySetupChipLabel(null), 'POWERED UP', 'no status is not a broken label');
 });
 
 test('collectKeyUpdates keeps only non-empty trimmed values', () => {
@@ -112,27 +104,14 @@ test('OAuth login polling stops as soon as local ChatGPT auth becomes available'
 
 test('OAuth login polling stops on login or HTTP failure instead of waiting for timeout', async () => {
   for (const result of [
-    {
-      ok: true,
-      payload: {
-        available: false,
-        loginFailed: true,
-        error: 'Sign-in failed.',
-      },
-    },
+    { ok: true, payload: { available: false, loginFailed: true, error: 'Sign-in failed.' } },
     { ok: false, payload: { error: 'Sign-in is local only.' } },
   ]) {
     let checks = 0;
-    await assert.rejects(
-      waitForChatGptOAuth({
-        fetchImpl: async () => {
-          checks += 1;
-          return { ok: result.ok, json: async () => result.payload };
-        },
-        sleep: () => assert.fail('failed login must stop polling'),
-      }),
-      { message: result.payload.error },
-    );
+    await assert.rejects(waitForChatGptOAuth({
+      fetchImpl: async () => { checks += 1; return { ok: result.ok, json: async () => result.payload }; },
+      sleep: () => assert.fail('failed login must stop polling'),
+    }), { message: result.payload.error });
     assert.equal(checks, 1);
   }
 });
@@ -140,34 +119,12 @@ test('OAuth login polling stops on login or HTTP failure instead of waiting for
 test('OAuth login polling respects timeout and an aborted setup surface', async () => {
   let clock = 0;
   let checks = 0;
-  const poll = {
-    fetchImpl: async () => {
-      checks += 1;
-      return {
-        ok: true,
-        json: async () => ({ available: false, pending: true }),
-      };
-    },
-  };
-  assert.equal(
-    await waitForChatGptOAuth({
-      ...poll,
-      timeoutMs: 100,
-      pollMs: 100,
-      now: () => clock,
-      sleep: async (ms) => {
-        clock += ms;
-      },
-    }),
-    false,
-  );
+  const poll = { fetchImpl: async () => { checks += 1; return { ok: true, json: async () => ({ available: false, pending: true }) }; } };
+  assert.equal(await waitForChatGptOAuth({ ...poll, timeoutMs: 100, pollMs: 100, now: () => clock, sleep: async (ms) => { clock += ms; } }), false);
   assert.equal(checks, 2);
   const controller = new AbortController();
   controller.abort();
-  assert.equal(
-    await waitForChatGptOAuth({ ...poll, signal: controller.signal }),
-    false,
-  );
+  assert.equal(await waitForChatGptOAuth({ ...poll, signal: controller.signal }), false);
   assert.equal(checks, 2, 'aborted polling does not fetch');
 });
 
@@ -175,22 +132,14 @@ test('OAuth polling ignores a ready response received after the surface was abor
   const controller = new AbortController();
   const available = await waitForChatGptOAuth({
     signal: controller.signal,
-    fetchImpl: async () => ({
-      ok: true,
-      json: async () => {
-        controller.abort();
-        return { available: true };
-      },
-    }),
+    fetchImpl: async () => ({ ok: true, json: async () => { controller.abort(); return { available: true }; } }),
     sleep: () => assert.fail('aborted polling must not continue'),
   });
   assert.equal(available, false);
 });
 
 test('the first Google key strips ONLY the keyless OSM basemap from the share hash', () => {
-  const stripped = stripKeylessBasemapFromHash(
-    'lat=30.2&lon=-97.7&map=osm&style=normal',
-  );
+  const stripped = stripKeylessBasemapFromHash('lat=30.2&lon=-97.7&map=osm&style=normal');
   assert.ok(stripped !== null);
   const params = new URLSearchParams(stripped);
   assert.equal(params.get('map'), null, 'osm basemap removed');
@@ -198,11 +147,7 @@ test('the first Google key strips ONLY the keyless OSM basemap from the share ha
   assert.equal(params.get('style'), 'normal', 'style survives');
   // A stack under any other name was chosen or shared on purpose.
   assert.equal(stripKeylessBasemapFromHash('map=bing-aerial&lat=1'), null);
-  assert.equal(
-    stripKeylessBasemapFromHash('lat=1&lon=2'),
-    null,
-    'no stack, nothing to do',
-  );
+  assert.equal(stripKeylessBasemapFromHash('lat=1&lon=2'), null, 'no stack, nothing to do');
   assert.equal(stripKeylessBasemapFromHash(''), null);
   assert.equal(stripKeylessBasemapFromHash(undefined), null);
 });
@@ -216,15 +161,11 @@ test('aborting pending setup removes its surface and ignores a late response', a
   let requestSignal;
   const controller = new AbortController();
   const pending = initKeySetup({
-    documentRef: {
-      getElementById: (id) => (id === 'key-setup-chip' ? chip : root),
-    },
+    documentRef: { getElementById: (id) => id === 'key-setup-chip' ? chip : root },
     signal: controller.signal,
     fetchImpl: (_url, { signal }) => {
       requestSignal = signal;
-      return new Promise((resolve) => {
-        resolveResponse = resolve;
-      });
+      return new Promise((resolve) => { resolveResponse = resolve; });
     },
   });
   controller.abort();
@@ -233,10 +174,7 @@ test('aborting pending setup removes its surface and ignores a late response', a
   resolveResponse({ ok: true, json: async () => ({ keys: [] }) });
   assert.equal(await pending, null);
 });
-
 test('a pasted, unsaved key makes the language switch ask first until teardown', async () => {
-  const { initKeySetup } = await import('./keySetup.js');
-  const { describeUnsavedWork } = await import('./i18n/index.js');
   const node = () => ({
     dataset: {},
     addEventListener() {},
@@ -271,6 +209,7 @@ test('a pasted, unsaved key makes the language switch ask first until teardown',
   assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), []);
   input.value = 'AIza-pasted';
   assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), ['unsaved provider keys']);
+  // The field still holds the key, so only teardown dropping the check clears it.
   controller.abort();
   assert.deepEqual(describeUnsavedWork(), []);
 });
diff --git a/src/layers/airQuality/airQualityLocale.test.mjs b/src/layers/airQuality/airQualityLocale.test.mjs
index efd30f6a0..8249ce148 100644
--- a/src/layers/airQuality/airQualityLocale.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/airQuality/airQualityLocale.test.mjs
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-// N-02: the Air quality layer (merged from main, AQHI) is fully English in
-// es/ru: layer name, Weather card (title, coverage, status, legend, risk) and
-// its own failure text. Place: src/layers/airQuality/airQualityLocale.test.mjs
+// The Air quality layer (AQHI) reads in the UI language: layer name, Weather
+// card (title, coverage, status, legend, risk) and its own failure text.
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
 import { setLocale, t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { layerNameForId, localizeLayerName } from '../../ui/layerNames.js';
 import { LayerPanel } from '../../ui/layerPanel.js';
+import { translateFeedError } from '../../ui/statusText.js';
 import { createAirQualityLayer } from './index.js';
 
 function inLocale(locale, run) {
@@ -89,3 +89,20 @@ for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
     assert.ok(!row.includes('Air quality request failed'), row);
   });
 }
+
+for (const locale of ['en', 'es', 'ru']) {
+  test(`${locale}: the Weather card shows an HTTP failure as the row does`, async () => {
+    const layer = harness({
+      getSnapshot: async () => {
+        throw new Error('ECCC HTTP 503');
+      },
+    });
+    await layer.update();
+    const card = inLocale(locale, () => layer.getRowControls().summary.status);
+    assert.equal(
+      card,
+      inLocale(locale, () => translateFeedError('ECCC HTTP 503')),
+    );
+    assert.equal(card, locale === 'en' ? 'ECCC HTTP 503' : 'ECCC: HTTP 503');
+  });
+}
diff --git a/src/layers/airQuality/index.js b/src/layers/airQuality/index.js
index 9fe4d8e01..87f79e4f9 100644
--- a/src/layers/airQuality/index.js
+++ b/src/layers/airQuality/index.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
-import { msg, t, tn, translateKnown } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { msg, t, tn } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { translateFeedError } from '../../ui/statusText.js';
 import {
   AIR_QUALITY_BANDS,
   AIR_QUALITY_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID,
@@ -216,8 +217,9 @@ export function createAirQualityLayer({ source, overlayHost } = {}) {
         0,
       );
       // Readings and errors stay English data (analyst records, stats); the
-      // card shows them in the UI language. A provider's own error text has
-      // no catalog entry and shows as it came.
+      // card shows them in the UI language, errors as the Layers panel row
+      // does. A provider's own error text has no catalog entry and shows as
+      // it came.
       return {
         readout: true,
         summary: {
@@ -226,7 +228,7 @@ export function createAirQualityLayer({ source, overlayHost } = {}) {
           validTime: newest ? new Date(newest).toISOString() : undefined,
           detail: `${provider.network} · ${provider.scale}`,
           status: _lastError
-            ? translateKnown(_lastError)
+            ? translateFeedError(_lastError)
             : _count === 0
               ? _lastUpdate === null
                 ? t('No readings available')
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ export function createAirQualityLayer({ source, overlayHost } = {}) {
             id: reading.id,
             ordinal: index + 1,
             lead: `${reading.scale} ${reading.label}`,
-            text: `${reading.name} · ${reading.risk ? t(reading.risk) : reading.risk}`,
+            text: `${reading.name} · ${t(reading.risk)}`,
             accent: reading.color,
           })),
         },
diff --git a/src/layers/flights/tracking.js b/src/layers/flights/tracking.js
index 5fc0cdcb6..cef9e1563 100644
--- a/src/layers/flights/tracking.js
+++ b/src/layers/flights/tracking.js
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ export function createTracking({
         icao24,
         // Honesty cue: the contact is coasting on dead reckoning, so the
         // narrated position/velocity are last-known rather than live.
+        // i18n-ignore: voice-context data, English for the model
         status: described.stale ? 'stale (missed polls)' : 'live',
       },
     };
diff --git a/src/layers/gnss/index.js b/src/layers/gnss/index.js
index 86891f4c7..f3a4102f8 100644
--- a/src/layers/gnss/index.js
+++ b/src/layers/gnss/index.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
-import { formatNumber, msg, t, translateKnown } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { formatNumber, msg, t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { translateFeedError } from '../../ui/statusText.js';
 import {
   GNSS_LEVEL_COLORS,
   GNSS_MIN_AIRCRAFT,
@@ -31,14 +32,6 @@ const LEVEL_LABELS = Object.freeze({
   high: msg('Low-accuracy score > 10%'),
 });
 
-/** A source failure (English data, source.js) in the UI language. */
-function shownSourceError(text) {
-  const http = /^GNSS feed unavailable \(HTTP (\d{3})\)$/.exec(text);
-  return http
-    ? t('GNSS feed unavailable (HTTP {status})', { status: http[1] })
-    : translateKnown(text);
-}
-
 /** Degrees at the centre of the current view, or null before the camera settles. */
 export function defaultGnssViewAnchor(viewer) {
   const canvas = viewer?.scene?.canvas;
@@ -385,7 +378,7 @@ export function createGnssIntegrityLayer({
             'Regional sample · 250 nm radius · cells from visited views over 30 min',
           ) +
           (_lastError && _retryAt
-            ? ` · ${shownSourceError(_lastError)} · ${
+            ? ` · ${translateFeedError(_lastError)} · ${
                 _retryAt <= 8640000000000000
                   ? t('Retrying automatically at {time} UTC', {
                       time: new Date(_retryAt).toISOString().slice(11, 19),
diff --git a/src/layers/gnss/source.js b/src/layers/gnss/source.js
index f7c114a64..1bbd64822 100644
--- a/src/layers/gnss/source.js
+++ b/src/layers/gnss/source.js
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export function createAdsbGnssSource({
         throw Object.assign(
           new Error(
             // The status code form is matched by FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS
-            // (ui/layerPanel.js) and gnss/index.js.
+            // (ui/statusText.js) and gnss/index.js.
             limited
               ? msg('GNSS feed rate limited (HTTP 429)')
               : `GNSS feed unavailable (HTTP ${response.status})`,
diff --git a/src/layers/gnss/sourceErrorLocale.test.mjs b/src/layers/gnss/sourceErrorLocale.test.mjs
index 8618008cc..a09019164 100644
--- a/src/layers/gnss/sourceErrorLocale.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/gnss/sourceErrorLocale.test.mjs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// N-03: the GNSS source's own failures are English data (source.js); the
+// The GNSS source's own failures are English data (source.js); the
 // card's info line shows them in the UI language, the HTTP form included.
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
diff --git a/src/layers/launches/model.js b/src/layers/launches/model.js
index 641b8d157..3c445b04f 100644
--- a/src/layers/launches/model.js
+++ b/src/layers/launches/model.js
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@ export function createModel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
             launch.id || launch.slug || launch.name || `launch-${date}`,
           ),
           name: launch.name || 'Unnamed launch',
+          // i18n-ignore: Launch Library status names are provider data, shown as sent
           status: launch.status?.name || 'Unknown',
           launchTime: Number.isFinite(date)
             ? new Date(date).toISOString()
diff --git a/src/layers/localAdsb/singleFeedProblemLocale.test.mjs b/src/layers/localAdsb/singleFeedProblemLocale.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..552150320
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/layers/localAdsb/singleFeedProblemLocale.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// A Local ADS-B feed problem can be the whole error (nothing heard, WebUSB
+// not producing); the row shows it in the UI language like any other piece.
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { setLocale } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { LayerPanel } from '../../ui/layerPanel.js';
+import { localAdsbStatus } from './status.js';
+const receiver = {
+  webUsbSupported: true,
+  connected: false,
+  mode: 'adsb',
+  status: 'idle',
+};
+function rowFor(status) {
+  return LayerPanel.prototype._buildMetaText({
+    id: 'local-adsb',
+    enabled: true,
+    stats: { count: 0, lastUpdate: Date.now(), ...status },
+  });
+}
+for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
+  for (const status of ['unreachable', 'invalid']) {
+    test(`${locale}: a lone ${status} decoder feed with nothing heard is translated`, () => {
+      setLocale(locale);
+      try {
+        const st = localAdsbStatus({
+          receiver,
+          feedState: {
+            configured: true,
+            feeds: [{ id: 'a', label: '1090', band: '1090', status }],
+          },
+          heard: 0,
+        });
+        const row = rowFor(st);
+        assert.doesNotMatch(row, /\b(unreachable|invalid)\b/, row);
+      } finally {
+        setLocale('en');
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/layers/localAdsb/status.js b/src/layers/localAdsb/status.js
index 5fff0d45c..d264c5e15 100644
--- a/src/layers/localAdsb/status.js
+++ b/src/layers/localAdsb/status.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { LAYER_SOURCE } from './policy.js';
 
 // Marks English that the Layers panel translates when it shows the status.
 // Texts with a number or a feed name stay English data too; the panel shows
-// them through STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS (ui/layerPanel.js), piece by piece.
+// them through STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS (ui/statusText.js), piece by piece.
 const msg = (text) => text;
 
 /**
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ function webUsbStatus(receiver, heard, feedState) {
   const rate = Number.isFinite(receiver.messagesPerSecond)
     ? `${receiver.messagesPerSecond} msg/s`
     : msg('listening');
+  // i18n-ignore: English data, shown through STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS
   return { status: 'streaming', loadingLabel: `${heard} heard · ${rate}` };
 }
 
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ export function localAdsbStatus({ receiver, feedState, heard }) {
     return {
       source,
       status: 'streaming',
+      // i18n-ignore: English data, shown through STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS
       loadingLabel: `${live.length} ${plural(live.length, 'feed', 'feeds')} live · ${heardText}${rate}`,
     };
   }
diff --git a/src/layers/localAdsb/statusLocale.test.mjs b/src/layers/localAdsb/statusLocale.test.mjs
index 2c965c05f..273da2b66 100644
--- a/src/layers/localAdsb/statusLocale.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/localAdsb/statusLocale.test.mjs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-// N-10: the Local ADS-B row's working texts ("3 heard · 5.8 msg/s",
-// "2 feeds live · 14 heard", "listening", "USB error", feed problems) have no
-// catalog entries and stay English in es/ru. Place: src/layers/localAdsb/statusLocale.test.mjs
+// The Local ADS-B row's working texts ("3 heard · 5.8 msg/s",
+// "2 feeds live · 14 heard", "listening", "USB error", feed problems) read in
+// the UI language.
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
 import { setLocale } from '../../i18n/index.js';
diff --git a/src/layers/military/tracking.js b/src/layers/military/tracking.js
index 2d2835526..8a440a54f 100644
--- a/src/layers/military/tracking.js
+++ b/src/layers/military/tracking.js
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ export function createTracking({
         icao24,
         // Honesty cue: the contact is coasting on dead reckoning, so the
         // narrated position/velocity are last-known rather than live.
+        // i18n-ignore: voice-context data, English for the model
         status: described.stale ? 'stale (missed polls)' : 'live',
       },
     };
diff --git a/src/layers/satellites/ingestion.js b/src/layers/satellites/ingestion.js
index 72ccb669d..9021485f6 100644
--- a/src/layers/satellites/ingestion.js
+++ b/src/layers/satellites/ingestion.js
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export function createIngestion({
         // At least one group loaded — proceed with a fresh rebuild, but keep the
         // partial outage visible at the layer control instead of presenting the
         // reduced catalog as a fully healthy refresh. English data; the panel
-        // shows it through FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS (ui/layerPanel.js).
+        // shows it through FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS (ui/statusText.js).
         layerState._lastError = failed.length
           ? `${failed.length} CelesTrak group${failed.length === 1 ? '' : 's'} unavailable`
           : null;
diff --git a/src/layers/transit/ingestion.js b/src/layers/transit/ingestion.js
index 9aaaa6fc3..5cba24b4e 100644
--- a/src/layers/transit/ingestion.js
+++ b/src/layers/transit/ingestion.js
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ export function createIngestion({ state, services, parts, source }) {
           error?.message || error,
         );
         // English data; the panel shows it through FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS
-        // (ui/layerPanel.js).
+        // i18n-ignore: translated on display (ui/statusText.js)
         status.error = `${feed.name} feed unavailable`;
         status.retryInSec = Number.isFinite(error?.retryInSec)
           ? error.retryInSec
diff --git a/src/layers/transit/queries.js b/src/layers/transit/queries.js
index b50478398..bd3f3328e 100644
--- a/src/layers/transit/queries.js
+++ b/src/layers/transit/queries.js
@@ -278,9 +278,10 @@ export function createQueries({ state, parts }) {
           : {}),
         degraded: count > 0 && health.degraded,
         loading: health.loading && count === 0,
-        // English data; the panel shows it through LOADING_LABEL_PATTERNS
-        // (ui/layerPanel.js).
+        // English data; the panel shows it through STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS
+        // (ui/statusText.js).
         loadingLabel:
+          // i18n-ignore: translated on display
           health.loading && count === 0
             ? `Loading ${active.map((feed) => feed.name).join(', ')}`
             : undefined,
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/detectionLabel.test.mjs b/src/layers/vessels/detectionLabel.test.mjs
deleted file mode 100644
index 85d17cc6d..000000000
--- a/src/layers/vessels/detectionLabel.test.mjs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-// The speed unit of a vessel's detection callout follows the UI language.
-import test from 'node:test';
-import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
-import aisLiveVesselsLayer, {
-  _setVesselOverlayHostForTest,
-  _setVesselStateForTest,
-  _updateVesselCardsForTest,
-} from '../../data/aisLiveVessels.js';
-import { setLocale } from '../../i18n/index.js';
-
-const record = (mmsi, name, screen, z = 0) => ({
-  name,
-  mmsi,
-  type: 'Cargo',
-  destination: '',
-  speed: 9.5,
-  course: 80,
-  heading: 80,
-  lastPositionUtc: '',
-  missedRefreshes: 0,
-  position: { x: 0, y: 0, z, screen },
-  billboard: null,
-});
-
-function detectable(cameraZ) {
-  const carded = record('200', 'GOLDEN BEAR', { x: 40, y: 30 });
-  const plain = record('300', 'BAY PILOT', { x: 41, y: 31 });
-  const originalProjection = Cesium.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates;
-  Cesium.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates = (_scene, position) =>
-    position.screen;
-  _setVesselOverlayHostForTest({
-    setEntries() {},
-    setVisible() {},
-    clearSource() {},
-  });
-  _setVesselStateForTest({
-    viewer: {
-      scene: {
-        canvas: { clientWidth: 1600, clientHeight: 900 },
-        camera: { positionWC: new Cesium.Cartesian3(0, 0, cameraZ) },
-      },
-    },
-    records: [carded, plain],
-    billboardCollection: { show: true, remove() {} },
-  });
-  try {
-    // Both share one 118 px grid cell, so only one of them gets a card.
-    _updateVesselCardsForTest([carded, plain]);
-    return Object.fromEntries(
-      aisLiveVesselsLayer
-        .getDetectableObjects()
-        .map((object) => [object.id, object]),
-    );
-  } finally {
-    Cesium.SceneTransforms.worldToWindowCoordinates = originalProjection;
-    _setVesselStateForTest({ enabled: false });
-    _setVesselOverlayHostForTest();
-  }
-}
-
-test('ru: the callout speed unit is translated', () => {
-  setLocale('ru');
-  try {
-    const objects = detectable(4_000_000);
-    assert.equal(objects['GOLDEN BEAR'].metric, '10 уз');
-  } finally {
-    setLocale('en');
-  }
-  assert.equal(detectable(4_000_000)['GOLDEN BEAR'].metric, '10 kn');
-});
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/state.js b/src/layers/vessels/state.js
index cbb81766e..d0b8afb18 100644
--- a/src/layers/vessels/state.js
+++ b/src/layers/vessels/state.js
@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ export function createVesselState({ source, services }) {
     /** Sprites whose animated emphasis remains outside the 1.0 deadband. */
     activeFocusCount: 0,
     activeLabelCount: 0,
-    /** @type {Set<Object>} Records that have an ambient card this pass. */
     selectedRecord: null,
     /** @type {{setPositions: Function, clear: Function, destroy: Function}|null} Selected-vessel fading trail */
     trail: null,
diff --git a/src/layers/wind/fieldUnavailableLocale.test.mjs b/src/layers/wind/fieldUnavailableLocale.test.mjs
index ddf3fc495..f6284c0b8 100644
--- a/src/layers/wind/fieldUnavailableLocale.test.mjs
+++ b/src/layers/wind/fieldUnavailableLocale.test.mjs
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-// N-09: a scalar overlay that cannot be drawn reports a marked English status
+// A scalar overlay that cannot be drawn reports a marked English status
 // (rendering.js), which the Wind row shows through t() in the UI language.
 import test from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import { setLocale, t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { WIND_FIELDS } from './fields.js';
 import { fieldUnavailableText } from './rendering.js';
+import { SCALAR_UNAVAILABLE } from './source.js';
 
 for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
   test(`${locale}: every field's unavailable status has a translation`, () => {
@@ -19,3 +20,10 @@ for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
     }
   });
 }
+
+test('only a known overlay has an unavailable status', () => {
+  assert.equal(fieldUnavailableText('constructor'), null);
+  assert.equal(fieldUnavailableText('none'), null);
+  for (const [overlay, text] of Object.entries(SCALAR_UNAVAILABLE))
+    assert.equal(fieldUnavailableText(overlay), text);
+});
diff --git a/src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js b/src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js
index 3b40aa073..27d71dcd5 100644
--- a/src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js
+++ b/src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js
@@ -205,6 +205,7 @@ export function createWindGpuRendering({ cesium: C, getViewer }) {
     } catch (error) {
       clear();
       diagnostics.error =
+        // i18n-ignore: GPU diagnostics only; the panel never shows this field
         error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Wind geometry unavailable';
       return false;
     }
diff --git a/src/layers/wind/index.js b/src/layers/wind/index.js
index b72cf4b09..c76e2501c 100644
--- a/src/layers/wind/index.js
+++ b/src/layers/wind/index.js
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ export function createWindLayer({
       model: model === 'ifs' ? 'ECMWF' : 'GFS',
       validTime:
         formatWindValidTime(manifest?.cycle?.validIso) || 'Unavailable',
+      // i18n-ignore: English reading for AI tools; the card status uses t()
       status: loading
         ? 'Loading forecast'
         : error ||
diff --git a/src/layers/wind/rendering.js b/src/layers/wind/rendering.js
index e3489b96a..d7723f3dd 100644
--- a/src/layers/wind/rendering.js
+++ b/src/layers/wind/rendering.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { orderWeatherImagery } from '../weather/imageryOrder.js';
 import { NO_IMAGERY_HOST } from '../weather/imageryHost.js';
 import { msg } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { createWindGpuRendering } from './gpuRendering.js';
+import { SCALAR_UNAVAILABLE } from './source.js';
 import { advectParticle, sampleWind } from './model.js';
 import {
   createFieldRaster,
@@ -16,16 +17,17 @@ import {
 
 // A scalar overlay that cannot be drawn, in English for diagnostics; the
 // panel status shows it translated (index.js). The scalar texts are the ones
-// the source reports (source.js).
+// the source reports. setOptions only accepts these overlays.
 const FIELD_UNAVAILABLE = Object.freeze({
   speed: msg('Wind speed field unavailable'),
-  temperature: msg('Temperature field unavailable'),
-  pressure: msg('Mean sea level pressure field unavailable'),
+  ...SCALAR_UNAVAILABLE,
 });
 
 /** English status for a scalar overlay with no drawable field. */
 export function fieldUnavailableText(overlay) {
-  return FIELD_UNAVAILABLE[overlay] || `${overlay} field unavailable`;
+  return Object.hasOwn(FIELD_UNAVAILABLE, overlay)
+    ? FIELD_UNAVAILABLE[overlay]
+    : null;
 }
 const WIND_FIELD_FADE_HIGH_METERS = 1_200_000;
 const WIND_FIELD_FADE_LOW_METERS = 200_000;
diff --git a/src/layers/wind/source.js b/src/layers/wind/source.js
index 233a19799..dbd7b59bc 100644
--- a/src/layers/wind/source.js
+++ b/src/layers/wind/source.js
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ import { readWindBody } from '../../sources/windBody.js';
 // wind layer and layer panel show them translated.
 const msg = (text) => text;
 
+/** Status of a scalar overlay the provider could not supply, by overlay. */
+export const SCALAR_UNAVAILABLE = Object.freeze({
+  temperature: msg('Temperature field unavailable'),
+  pressure: msg('Mean sea level pressure field unavailable'),
+});
+
 /** Create a bounded, cancellable source for the same-origin wind provider. */
 export function createWindSource({
   fetchImpl = (...args) => globalThis.fetch(...args),
@@ -44,10 +50,7 @@ export function createWindSource({
         const optionalUnavailable =
           overlay !== 'none' &&
           scalar === undefined &&
-          scalarError ===
-            (overlay === 'temperature'
-              ? msg('Temperature field unavailable')
-              : msg('Mean sea level pressure field unavailable'));
+          scalarError === SCALAR_UNAVAILABLE[overlay];
         const scalarValid =
           overlay === 'none'
             ? scalar === undefined && scalarError === undefined
diff --git a/src/locations.js b/src/locations.js
index 035f8114c..28f2ac923 100644
--- a/src/locations.js
+++ b/src/locations.js
@@ -10,519 +10,13 @@ import {
 import { unavailablePlaceSearch } from './search/placeSearch.js';
 import { cancelCameraArrival } from './data/cameraArrival.js';
 import { guardCameraAboveGround } from './cameraGroundGuard.js';
+import { CITY_POIS } from './cityPois.js';
+
+export { CITY_POIS };
 
 /** Newest landmark arrival; an older post-arrival ground guard yields to it. */
 let arrivalGeneration = 0;
 
-/**
- * Points of Interest per city.
- * Each city has 5 POIs; the first is the default fly-to landmark.
- *
- * Field reference:
- *   alt     — RANGE (distance from target in meters), NOT absolute altitude
- *   heading — optimal camera heading in degrees (0=N, 90=E, 180=S, 270=W)
- *   pitch   — camera tilt in degrees (negative = looking down)
- *   buildingHeight — estimated height of landmark center above ground (meters)
- */
-export const CITY_POIS = {
-  austin: {
-    name: 'Austin',
-    groundElevation: 150, // meters above WGS84 ellipsoid
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 30.1, lng: -97.95 },
-      northeast: { lat: 30.52, lng: -97.55 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Texas State Capitol',
-        lat: 30.2747,
-        lon: -97.7403,
-        alt: 550,
-        pitch: -28,
-        heading: 180,
-        buildingHeight: 35,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Frost Bank Tower',
-        lat: 30.2674,
-        lon: -97.7434,
-        alt: 550,
-        pitch: -22,
-        heading: 30,
-        buildingHeight: 80,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Pennybacker Bridge',
-        lat: 30.3451,
-        lon: -97.7951,
-        alt: 500,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 90,
-        buildingHeight: 40,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'The Jenga Tower',
-        lat: 30.2642,
-        lon: -97.75,
-        alt: 500,
-        pitch: -18,
-        heading: 45,
-        buildingHeight: 60,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'UT Tower',
-        lat: 30.2862,
-        lon: -97.7394,
-        alt: 500,
-        pitch: -22,
-        heading: 180,
-        buildingHeight: 50,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  sf: {
-    name: 'San Francisco',
-    groundElevation: 15,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 37.7, lng: -122.53 },
-      northeast: { lat: 37.84, lng: -122.35 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Golden Gate Bridge',
-        lat: 37.8199,
-        lon: -122.4783,
-        alt: 1400,
-        pitch: -20,
-        heading: 45,
-        buildingHeight: 100,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Transamerica Pyramid',
-        lat: 37.7952,
-        lon: -122.4028,
-        alt: 500,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 30,
-        buildingHeight: 85,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Salesforce Tower',
-        lat: 37.7897,
-        lon: -122.3972,
-        alt: 680,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 330,
-        buildingHeight: 100,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Alcatraz Island',
-        lat: 37.8267,
-        lon: -122.423,
-        alt: 800,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 20,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Coit Tower',
-        lat: 37.8024,
-        lon: -122.4058,
-        alt: 420,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 45,
-        buildingHeight: 30,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  nyc: {
-    name: 'New York',
-    groundElevation: 10,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 40.477, lng: -74.259 },
-      northeast: { lat: 40.918, lng: -73.7 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Statue of Liberty',
-        lat: 40.6892,
-        lon: -74.0445,
-        alt: 450,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 315,
-        buildingHeight: 45,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Empire State Building',
-        lat: 40.7484,
-        lon: -73.9857,
-        alt: 850,
-        pitch: -12,
-        heading: 30,
-        buildingHeight: 130,
-        buildingBounds: { height: 443, width: 130, depth: 75 },
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'One World Trade Center',
-        lat: 40.7127,
-        lon: -74.0134,
-        alt: 850,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 170,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Brooklyn Bridge',
-        lat: 40.7061,
-        lon: -73.9969,
-        alt: 850,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 45,
-        buildingHeight: 40,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Chrysler Building',
-        lat: 40.7516,
-        lon: -73.9755,
-        alt: 700,
-        pitch: -20,
-        heading: 225,
-        buildingHeight: 100,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  tokyo: {
-    name: 'Tokyo',
-    groundElevation: 40,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 35.52, lng: 139.55 },
-      northeast: { lat: 35.9, lng: 139.92 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Tokyo Tower',
-        lat: 35.6586,
-        lon: 139.7454,
-        alt: 850,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 110,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Tokyo Skytree',
-        lat: 35.7101,
-        lon: 139.8107,
-        alt: 900,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 30,
-        buildingHeight: 200,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Imperial Palace',
-        lat: 35.6852,
-        lon: 139.7528,
-        alt: 900,
-        pitch: -35,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 20,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Senso-ji Temple',
-        lat: 35.7148,
-        lon: 139.7967,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 180,
-        buildingHeight: 25,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower',
-        lat: 35.6929,
-        lon: 139.6925,
-        alt: 350,
-        pitch: -20,
-        heading: 30,
-        buildingHeight: 70,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  london: {
-    name: 'London',
-    groundElevation: 15,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 51.28, lng: -0.51 },
-      northeast: { lat: 51.7, lng: 0.33 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Tower Bridge',
-        lat: 51.5055,
-        lon: -0.0754,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 270,
-        buildingHeight: 65,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'The Shard',
-        lat: 51.5045,
-        lon: -0.0865,
-        alt: 850,
-        pitch: -20,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 100,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Big Ben / Parliament',
-        lat: 51.5007,
-        lon: -0.1246,
-        alt: 600,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 180,
-        buildingHeight: 50,
-      },
-      {
-        name: "St. Paul's Cathedral",
-        lat: 51.5138,
-        lon: -0.0984,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 270,
-        buildingHeight: 55,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'The Gherkin',
-        lat: 51.5145,
-        lon: -0.0803,
-        alt: 350,
-        pitch: -20,
-        heading: 30,
-        buildingHeight: 60,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  paris: {
-    name: 'Paris',
-    groundElevation: 35,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 48.815, lng: 2.224 },
-      northeast: { lat: 48.902, lng: 2.47 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Eiffel Tower',
-        lat: 48.8584,
-        lon: 2.2945,
-        alt: 750,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 315,
-        buildingHeight: 150,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Arc de Triomphe',
-        lat: 48.8738,
-        lon: 2.295,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -28,
-        heading: 45,
-        buildingHeight: 25,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Notre-Dame',
-        lat: 48.853,
-        lon: 2.3499,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 225,
-        buildingHeight: 35,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Sacré-Cœur',
-        lat: 48.8867,
-        lon: 2.3431,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 180,
-        buildingHeight: 40,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Louvre Pyramid',
-        lat: 48.8606,
-        lon: 2.3376,
-        alt: 500,
-        pitch: -35,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 10,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  dubai: {
-    name: 'Dubai',
-    groundElevation: 5,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 24.95, lng: 54.9 },
-      northeast: { lat: 25.35, lng: 55.55 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Burj Khalifa',
-        lat: 25.1972,
-        lon: 55.2744,
-        alt: 600,
-        pitch: -20,
-        heading: 200,
-        buildingHeight: 270,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Burj Al Arab',
-        lat: 25.1412,
-        lon: 55.1853,
-        alt: 500,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 90,
-        buildingHeight: 100,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Palm Jumeirah',
-        lat: 25.1124,
-        lon: 55.139,
-        alt: 1200,
-        pitch: -40,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 20,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Dubai Frame',
-        lat: 25.235,
-        lon: 55.3003,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 270,
-        buildingHeight: 75,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Museum of the Future',
-        lat: 25.2197,
-        lon: 55.2806,
-        alt: 350,
-        pitch: -20,
-        heading: 30,
-        buildingHeight: 35,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  dc: {
-    name: 'Washington DC',
-    groundElevation: 10,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 38.79, lng: -77.12 },
-      northeast: { lat: 38.995, lng: -76.91 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'US Capitol',
-        lat: 38.8897,
-        lon: -77.0091,
-        alt: 550,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 270,
-        buildingHeight: 45,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Washington Monument',
-        lat: 38.8895,
-        lon: -77.0353,
-        alt: 500,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 85,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Lincoln Memorial',
-        lat: 38.8893,
-        lon: -77.0502,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 90,
-        buildingHeight: 20,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Pentagon',
-        lat: 38.8711,
-        lon: -77.0559,
-        alt: 800,
-        pitch: -40,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 20,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Jefferson Memorial',
-        lat: 38.8814,
-        lon: -77.0365,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 0,
-        buildingHeight: 25,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-  tallinn: {
-    name: 'Tallinn',
-    groundElevation: 15,
-    viewBounds: {
-      southwest: { lat: 59.36, lng: 24.6 },
-      northeast: { lat: 59.52, lng: 24.92 },
-    },
-    pois: [
-      {
-        name: 'Viru Square',
-        lat: 59.4366,
-        lon: 24.7527,
-        alt: 450,
-        pitch: -28,
-        heading: 60,
-        buildingHeight: 25,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Old Town / Raekoja plats',
-        lat: 59.4372,
-        lon: 24.7452,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 180,
-        buildingHeight: 20,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Teatri väljak',
-        lat: 59.4344,
-        lon: 24.7514,
-        alt: 400,
-        pitch: -25,
-        heading: 220,
-        buildingHeight: 25,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Port of Tallinn',
-        lat: 59.4445,
-        lon: 24.7675,
-        alt: 700,
-        pitch: -30,
-        heading: 90,
-        buildingHeight: 20,
-      },
-      {
-        name: 'Ülemiste',
-        lat: 59.421,
-        lon: 24.792,
-        alt: 600,
-        pitch: -28,
-        heading: 45,
-        buildingHeight: 30,
-      },
-    ],
-  },
-};
-
 /**
  * Absolute full-earth camera preset for the zoom_to_globe voice tool. The height
  * must stay inside the app's 'global' view-scale band (>12,000 km — classifyViewScale
diff --git a/src/navigationPolicy.js b/src/navigationPolicy.js
index 000d4a3e3..d2ed6ff39 100644
--- a/src/navigationPolicy.js
+++ b/src/navigationPolicy.js
@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@ import { t, msg } from './i18n/index.js';
 export const NAVIGATION_AUTHORITY_EVENT = 'gev:navigation-authority-taken';
 
 // The Cockpit refusal per destination noun. Nouns are English identifiers
-// from the callers ('camera', 'location', 'photo'…); a noun without its own
-// sentence falls back to the template with the noun as given.
+// from the callers ('camera', 'location', 'photo'…);
 // navigationPolicyFrame.test.mjs collects every noun the callers pass and
 // fails when one has no sentence here.
 const COCKPIT_REFUSALS = Object.freeze({
@@ -44,8 +43,7 @@ export const COCKPIT_REFUSAL_NOUNS = Object.freeze(
 );
 
 function cockpitRefusal(noun) {
-  const ready = COCKPIT_REFUSALS[noun];
-  return ready ? t(ready) : t('Exit cockpit to fly to a {noun}', { noun });
+  return t(COCKPIT_REFUSALS[noun]);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/src/navigationPolicyFrame.test.mjs b/src/navigationPolicyFrame.test.mjs
index cd8f035f6..a861870cf 100644
--- a/src/navigationPolicyFrame.test.mjs
+++ b/src/navigationPolicyFrame.test.mjs
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
-// N-06: voice frame_overhead under Cockpit passed the noun 'frame', which had
-// no entry in COCKPIT_REFUSALS, so the toast fell back to the template with
-// the English id («Sal de la cabina para volar a frame»). The second test
-// collects every noun the callers hand to the navigation policy, so the next
+// The Cockpit refusal names its destination in the UI language. The scan
+// below collects every noun the callers hand to the navigation policy, so a
 // noun without its own sentence fails here instead of reaching the page.
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import { readdirSync, readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
@@ -59,17 +57,15 @@ function sourceFiles(dir) {
   });
 }
 
-const lineOf = (text, index) => text.slice(0, index).split('\n').length;
-
-// Calls whose first argument is the destination noun.
-const NOUN_FIRST =
-  /\b(runImmediateNavigation|_runExplicitNavigation|runOrientation|_beginDeferredNavigation|cockpitRefusal|runNavigation|navigation\??\.(?:run|begin))\s*\(\s*([^,)]*)/g;
-// runManagedVoiceNavigation(styleManager, noun, action, …) in gevActions.js.
-const VOICE_NOUN = /\brunManagedVoiceNavigation\s*\(\s*[\w.?]+\s*,\s*([^,)]*)/g;
-// Parameter defaults: `noun = 'location'`.
-const NOUN_DEFAULT = /\bnoun\s*=\s*'([^']+)'/g;
-// A local noun picked by a condition: `const noun = … ? 'cyclone' : 'weather'`.
-const NOUN_CHOICE = /\bconst noun\s*=\s*[^?;]*\?\s*'([^']+)'\s*:\s*'([^']+)'/g;
+// The destination noun: the first argument of a navigation call, or the
+// second of runManagedVoiceNavigation(styleManager, noun, …) in gevActions.js.
+// `runNavigation(fly)` layer seams take only the flight (group 1).
+const NOUN_ARGUMENT =
+  /\b(?:(runNavigation)\s*\(|(?:runImmediateNavigation|_runExplicitNavigation|runOrientation|_beginDeferredNavigation|cockpitRefusal|navigation\??\.(?:run|begin))\s*\(|runManagedVoiceNavigation\s*\(\s*[\w.?]+\s*,)\s*([^,)]*)/g;
+// Literal nouns elsewhere: a parameter default (`noun = 'location'`) or both
+// branches of `const noun = … ? 'cyclone' : 'weather'`.
+const NOUN_LITERAL =
+  /\bnoun\s*=\s*'([^']+)'|\bconst noun\s*=\s*[^?;]*\?\s*'([^']+)'\s*:\s*'([^']+)'/g;
 
 function trackableKinds() {
   const source = readFileSync(join(SRC, 'voice/gevActions.js'), 'utf8');
@@ -78,54 +74,36 @@ function trackableKinds() {
   return [...block[1].matchAll(/kind:\s*'([^']+)'/g)].map((m) => m[1]);
 }
 
-// Non-literal first arguments the test knows how to expand. Anything else is
-// a new dynamic noun: list its values here.
+// Non-literal arguments: what each one can be. A wrapper's own `noun` (or all
+// its arguments) passes on; its default is a NOUN_LITERAL. Anything else is a
+// new dynamic noun: list its values here.
 const DYNAMIC_NOUNS = new Map([
   ['family.kind', trackableKinds],
   [
     "detail?.kind || 'target'",
     () => [...Object.keys(WORLD_FOCUS_FRAMING), 'target'],
   ],
+  ['noun', () => []],
+  ['...args', () => []],
+  ['...arguments', () => []],
 ]);
-// Wrappers that pass their own `noun` parameter (or all arguments) on.
-const PASS_THROUGH = new Set(['noun', '...args', '...arguments']);
 
 function collectNouns() {
-  const nouns = new Map();
+  const nouns = new Set();
   const unknown = [];
-  const add = (noun, where) => {
-    if (!nouns.has(noun)) nouns.set(noun, where);
-  };
   for (const file of sourceFiles(SRC)) {
     const text = readFileSync(file, 'utf8');
-    const name = relative(SRC, file);
-    const take = (raw, where, { closures = false } = {}) => {
+    for (const [, seam, raw] of text.matchAll(NOUN_ARGUMENT)) {
       const arg = raw.trim();
-      const literal = arg.match(/^'([^']*)'$/);
-      if (literal) return add(literal[1], where);
-      // A wrapper's own parameter; its default is collected by NOUN_DEFAULT.
-      if (PASS_THROUGH.has(arg) || /^noun\s*=\s*'[^']+'$/.test(arg)) return;
-      if (DYNAMIC_NOUNS.has(arg)) {
-        for (const noun of DYNAMIC_NOUNS.get(arg)()) add(noun, where);
-        return;
-      }
-      // The layer-side `runNavigation(fly)` seams take only the flight; their
-      // noun is bound where the seam is built.
-      if (closures) return;
-      unknown.push(`${where}: ${arg}`);
-    };
-    for (const m of text.matchAll(NOUN_FIRST))
-      take(m[2], `${name}:${lineOf(text, m.index)}`, {
-        closures: m[1] === 'runNavigation',
-      });
-    for (const m of text.matchAll(VOICE_NOUN))
-      take(m[1], `${name}:${lineOf(text, m.index)}`);
-    for (const m of text.matchAll(NOUN_DEFAULT))
-      add(m[1], `${name}:${lineOf(text, m.index)}`);
-    for (const m of text.matchAll(NOUN_CHOICE)) {
-      add(m[1], `${name}:${lineOf(text, m.index)}`);
-      add(m[2], `${name}:${lineOf(text, m.index)}`);
+      const literal = arg.match(/^'([^']*)'$/)?.[1];
+      if (literal) nouns.add(literal);
+      else if (DYNAMIC_NOUNS.has(arg))
+        DYNAMIC_NOUNS.get(arg)().forEach((noun) => nouns.add(noun));
+      else if (!seam && !/^noun\s*=/.test(arg))
+        unknown.push(`${relative(SRC, file)}: ${arg}`);
     }
+    for (const m of text.matchAll(NOUN_LITERAL))
+      m.slice(1).forEach((noun) => noun && nouns.add(noun));
   }
   return { nouns, unknown };
 }
@@ -134,25 +112,26 @@ test('every noun the callers pass has its own Cockpit refusal', () => {
   const { nouns, unknown } = collectNouns();
   assert.deepEqual(unknown, [], 'a new dynamic noun: add it to DYNAMIC_NOUNS');
   // The scan still sees the known callers (a guard against a broken regex).
-  for (const noun of ['location', 'camera', 'photo', 'shared view', 'file'])
+  for (const noun of [
+    'location',
+    'camera',
+    'photo',
+    'shared view',
+    'file',
+    'scene',
+    'route',
+    'weather',
+    'cyclone',
+    'vessel',
+    'fire',
+    'frame',
+    'aircraft',
+    'satellite',
+    'target',
+  ])
     assert.ok(nouns.has(noun), `found ${noun}`);
-  for (const noun of ['scene', 'route', 'weather', 'cyclone', 'vessel', 'fire'])
-    assert.ok(nouns.has(noun), `found ${noun}`);
-  for (const noun of ['frame', 'aircraft', 'satellite', 'target'])
-    assert.ok(nouns.has(noun), `found ${noun}`);
-
-  const missing = [...nouns]
-    .filter(([noun]) => !COCKPIT_REFUSAL_NOUNS.includes(noun))
-    .map(([noun, where]) => `${noun} (${where})`);
+  const missing = [...nouns].filter(
+    (noun) => !COCKPIT_REFUSAL_NOUNS.includes(noun),
+  );
   assert.deepEqual(missing, [], 'add these nouns to COCKPIT_REFUSALS');
-
-  setLocale('es');
-  for (const noun of nouns.keys()) {
-    const shown = cockpitToast(noun);
-    assert.notEqual(
-      shown,
-      `Sal de la cabina para volar a ${noun}`,
-      `${noun}: the template with the English id`,
-    );
-  }
 });
diff --git a/src/scenes/sharing.js b/src/scenes/sharing.js
index 183040651..b3adde27a 100644
--- a/src/scenes/sharing.js
+++ b/src/scenes/sharing.js
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ export function createSceneSharing(director) {
           {
             scene: pack.scene,
             pack: pack.id,
-            status: pack.status,
+            status: t(pack.status),
             path: pack.path,
             attribution: pack.attribution.text,
             license: pack.attribution.license,
diff --git a/src/sources/httpBody.js b/src/sources/httpBody.js
index 9c8a28f04..e20af628b 100644
--- a/src/sources/httpBody.js
+++ b/src/sources/httpBody.js
@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
+// Imported by the server: no i18n here. The text stays English data; layers
+// show it translated (translateKnown).
+const msg = (text) => text;
+
+const tooLarge = () =>
+  Object.assign(new Error(msg('Upstream response too large')), {
+    code: 'RESPONSE_TOO_LARGE',
+  });
+
 /**
  * Read a fetch() Response body as text with a hard byte cap. Rejects early on an
  * oversized Content-Length, then streams with a running cap so a chunked or
  * length-omitted response cannot blow past the limit. Throws { code:'RESPONSE_TOO_LARGE' }.
  */
 export async function readResponseTextCapped(response, maxBytes, signal) {
-  const tooLarge = () =>
-    Object.assign(new Error('Upstream response too large'), {
-      code: 'RESPONSE_TOO_LARGE',
-    });
   const declared = Number(response.headers.get('content-length'));
   if (Number.isFinite(declared) && declared > maxBytes) {
     void response.body?.cancel().catch(() => {});
@@ -61,10 +66,6 @@ export async function readResponseJsonCapped(response, maxBytes, signal) {
  * Throws { code:'RESPONSE_TOO_LARGE' }.
  */
 export async function readResponseBytesCapped(response, maxBytes, signal) {
-  const tooLarge = () =>
-    Object.assign(new Error('Upstream response too large'), {
-      code: 'RESPONSE_TOO_LARGE',
-    });
   const declared = Number(response.headers.get('content-length'));
   if (Number.isFinite(declared) && declared > maxBytes) {
     await response.body?.cancel().catch(() => {});
diff --git a/src/sources/live/contract.js b/src/sources/live/contract.js
index db82111be..7c2e41788 100644
--- a/src/sources/live/contract.js
+++ b/src/sources/live/contract.js
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * Records contain observation data only, with no scene objects or transport data.
  */
 // Messages are English data (AI tools read them too); the Layers panel shows
-// them translated by their shape (translateFeedError in src/ui/layerPanel.js),
+// them translated by their shape (translateFeedError in src/ui/statusText.js),
 // so a new or reworded message is changed there as well.
 export class LiveSourceError extends Error {
   constructor(
diff --git a/src/ui/geoFileImport.test.mjs b/src/ui/geoFileImport.test.mjs
index 762e0024b..347481238 100644
--- a/src/ui/geoFileImport.test.mjs
+++ b/src/ui/geoFileImport.test.mjs
@@ -714,10 +714,6 @@ test('KML and KMZ rows say they keep their own styles instead of showing a color
   assert.ok(gpx.children[0].style.background);
 });
 
-// N-08: tn() replaces values.count with the raw number, so the
-// formatNumber(...) passed by the import list is lost: "12345 map objects"
-// (main: "12,345"). Append to src/ui/geoFileImport.test.mjs (uses its setup(),
-// file(), rows() helpers).
 test('the map-object count in a row title keeps digit grouping', async () => {
   const t = setup({
     load: async (f) => ({
diff --git a/src/ui/layerNames.js b/src/ui/layerNames.js
index 65cd910ac..d9674efea 100644
--- a/src/ui/layerNames.js
+++ b/src/ui/layerNames.js
@@ -117,8 +117,6 @@ const SOURCE_LABEL_KEYS = new Map(
     msg('OSM routing'),
     msg('Mapped camera locations'),
     msg('OpenStreetMap · community mapped'),
-    msg('Decoder feeds'),
-    msg('WebUSB + decoder feeds'),
   ].map((key) => [key, key]),
 );
 
diff --git a/src/ui/layerPanel.js b/src/ui/layerPanel.js
index b83eef6c1..d876e916c 100644
--- a/src/ui/layerPanel.js
+++ b/src/ui/layerPanel.js
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ import {
 } from './layerNames.js';
 export { localizeLayerName } from './layerNames.js';
 import { createWeatherPanel } from './weatherPanel.js';
+import { translateFeedError, translateLoadingLabel } from './statusText.js';
 import {
   formatNumber,
   getLocale,
   msg,
   t,
-  tn,
   translateKnown,
 } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
@@ -146,197 +146,8 @@ export function layerKeyRequirementTooltip(layer = {}) {
   );
 }
 
-// Live-source failures arrive as English data (src/sources/live/contract.js,
-// standalone.js, flights and military ingestion), some with a source name or a
-// number in them; the row shows them in the UI language. Keep these in step
-// with the producers. Anything else shows its catalog entry, or as it came.
-const FEED_ERRORS = new Set([
-  msg('OpenSky OAuth client missing/invalid'),
-  msg('OpenSky OAuth rejected credentials'),
-  msg('OpenSky username/password rejected'),
-  msg('OpenSky auth missing'),
-  msg('OpenSky auth required'),
-  msg('OpenSky auth invalid'),
-  msg('OpenSky auth failed'),
-]);
-const FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS = [
-  // Street Level coverage errors (streetLevel/providers/kartaview/source.js),
-  // ahead of the generic "<source> HTTP <status>".
-  [
-    /^KartaView answered HTTP (\d+)$/,
-    ([, status]) => t('KartaView answered HTTP {status}', { status }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^Panoramax answered HTTP (\d+)$/,
-    ([, status]) => t('Panoramax answered HTTP {status}', { status }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^KartaView refused the request \(code (-?\d+)\)$/,
-    ([, code]) => t('KartaView refused the request (code {code})', { code }),
-  ],
-  // Weather imagery (weather/source.js, infraredImage.js) and vector tile
-  // (sources/vectorTiles.js) failures carry their own wording; the generic
-  // pattern below would take "Weather image" for a source name.
-  [
-    /^Weather (image )?HTTP (\d+)$/,
-    ([, image, status]) =>
-      image
-        ? t('Weather image HTTP {status}', { status })
-        : t('Weather HTTP {status}', { status }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^Vector tiles unavailable \(HTTP (\d+)\)$/,
-    ([, status]) => t('Vector tiles unavailable (HTTP {status})', { status }),
-  ],
-  // Layer statuses with a number or a feed name in them: GNSS
-  // (gnss/source.js), CelesTrak groups (satellites/ingestion.js) and transit
-  // feeds (transit/ingestion.js).
-  [
-    /^GNSS feed unavailable \(HTTP (\d{3})\)$/,
-    ([, status]) => t('GNSS feed unavailable (HTTP {status})', { status }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(\d+) CelesTrak groups? unavailable$/,
-    ([, groups]) =>
-      tn(
-        Number(groups),
-        '{count} CelesTrak group unavailable',
-        '{count} CelesTrak groups unavailable',
-        { count: formatNumber(Number(groups)) },
-      ),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(.+) feed unavailable$/,
-    ([, feed]) => t('{feed} feed unavailable', { feed: translateKnown(feed) }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^Source snapshot (\d+) min old$/,
-    ([, minutes]) => t('Source snapshot {minutes} min old', { minutes }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(.+) rate limited \(anonymous\)$/,
-    ([, source]) =>
-      t('{source} rate limited (anonymous)', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(.+) rate limited$/,
-    ([, source]) => t('{source} rate limited', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(.+) HTTP (\d{3})$/,
-    ([, source, status]) =>
-      t('{source} HTTP {status}', { source: sourceLabel(source), status }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(.+) network error$/,
-    ([, source]) =>
-      t('{source} network error', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^Malformed (.+) aircraft rows$/,
-    ([, source]) =>
-      t('Malformed {source} aircraft rows', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^Malformed (.+) response$/,
-    ([, source]) =>
-      t('Malformed {source} response', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
-  ],
-];
-
-/** One error text in the UI language, or null when nothing matches. */
-function feedErrorText(text) {
-  if (FEED_ERRORS.has(text)) return t(text);
-  const known = translateKnown(text);
-  if (known !== text) return known;
-  for (const [pattern, format] of FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS) {
-    const match = pattern.exec(text);
-    if (match) return format(match);
-  }
-  return null;
-}
-
-/**
- * A layer's error text in the UI language (see FEED_ERRORS). An error made of
- * several statuses joined by " · " (Local ADS-B) translates piece by piece.
- */
-export function translateFeedError(text) {
-  if (typeof text !== 'string') return text;
-  const whole = feedErrorText(text);
-  if (whole !== null) return whole;
-  if (!text.includes(ROW_TEXT_SEPARATOR)) return text;
-  return text
-    .split(ROW_TEXT_SEPARATOR)
-    .map((piece) => feedErrorText(piece) ?? translateStatusPiece(piece))
-    .join(ROW_TEXT_SEPARATOR);
-}
-
 const ROW_TEXT_SEPARATOR = ' · ';
 
-// Feed states named in a Local ADS-B feed problem ("feeds 1090, 978 stale").
-const FEED_PROBLEM_FORMS = Object.freeze({
-  stale: (count, names) =>
-    tn(count, 'feed {names} stale', 'feeds {names} stale', { names }),
-  unreachable: (count, names) =>
-    tn(count, 'feed {names} unreachable', 'feeds {names} unreachable', {
-      names,
-    }),
-  invalid: (count, names) =>
-    tn(count, 'feed {names} invalid', 'feeds {names} invalid', { names }),
-});
-
-// Working texts with a number or a name in them arrive as English data, one
-// piece of a " · " joined line each: transit (transit/queries.js) and Local
-// ADS-B (localAdsb/status.js). Keep these in step with the producers.
-const STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS = [
-  [/^Loading (.+)$/, ([, feeds]) => t('Loading {feeds}', { feeds })],
-  [
-    /^(\d+) heard$/,
-    ([, heard]) =>
-      tn(Number(heard), '{count} heard', '{count} heard', {
-        count: formatNumber(Number(heard)),
-      }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(USB )?(\d+(?:\.\d+)?) msg\/s$/,
-    ([, usb, rate]) =>
-      usb
-        ? t('USB {rate} msg/s', { rate: formatNumber(Number(rate)) })
-        : t('{rate} msg/s', { rate: formatNumber(Number(rate)) }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^(\d+) feeds? live$/,
-    ([, live]) =>
-      tn(Number(live), '{count} feed live', '{count} feeds live', {
-        count: formatNumber(Number(live)),
-      }),
-  ],
-  [
-    /^feeds? (.+) (stale|unreachable|invalid)$/,
-    ([, names, status]) =>
-      FEED_PROBLEM_FORMS[status](names.split(', ').length, names),
-  ],
-];
-
-/** One piece of a status line in the UI language, or as it came. */
-function translateStatusPiece(piece) {
-  const known = translateKnown(piece);
-  if (known !== piece) return known;
-  for (const [pattern, format] of STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS) {
-    const match = pattern.exec(piece);
-    if (match) return format(match);
-  }
-  return piece;
-}
-
-/** A loading label is English data, at times several joined by " · ". */
-function translateLoadingLabel(label) {
-  return label
-    .trim()
-    .split(ROW_TEXT_SEPARATOR)
-    .map(translateStatusPiece)
-    .join(ROW_TEXT_SEPARATOR);
-}
 // A short Latin code joined by hyphens. Longer runs (a URL, a token in an
 // error) keep their break opportunities so they cannot overflow the rail.
 const HYPHENATED_CODE = /[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]+)+/g;
diff --git a/src/ui/layerStatusLocale.test.mjs b/src/ui/layerStatusLocale.test.mjs
index 2957e9334..e017b4b8a 100644
--- a/src/ui/layerStatusLocale.test.mjs
+++ b/src/ui/layerStatusLocale.test.mjs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-// N-03: layer status texts produced without msg()/catalog entries (GNSS,
-// Transit, CelesTrak, AQHI) stay English in the es/ru DATA LAYERS row.
-// Place: src/ui/layerStatusLocale.test.mjs
+// The DATA LAYERS row shows the English status texts that GNSS, Transit,
+// CelesTrak and AQHI produce in the UI language.
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
 import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
diff --git a/src/ui/shellFeedback.js b/src/ui/shellFeedback.js
index bf0aa0744..b737b2c2d 100644
--- a/src/ui/shellFeedback.js
+++ b/src/ui/shellFeedback.js
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ import {
 } from '../loadingFeedback.js';
 import { setSplitFlapText, disposeSplitFlap } from '../splitFlap.js';
 import { getLocale, t, msg } from '../i18n/index.js';
-import { localizeLayerName, translateFeedError } from './layerPanel.js';
+import { localizeLayerName } from './layerPanel.js';
+import { translateFeedError } from './statusText.js';
 
 // loadingFeedback.js composes the shared status copy inside the portable
 // node/browser graph (the server-side HUD summary reads the same modules), so
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ const CHIP_ERROR_KEYS = new Map(
     msg('Vector tile request timed out'),
     msg('Camera coverage unavailable'),
     msg('Camera source temporarily unavailable'),
+    msg('Overpass returned an incomplete camera response'),
   ].map((key) => [key.toUpperCase(), key]),
 );
 const CHIP_TILE_HTTP_RE = /^VECTOR TILES UNAVAILABLE \(HTTP (\d+)\)$/;
diff --git a/src/ui/shellFeedbackStatusLocalization.test.mjs b/src/ui/shellFeedbackStatusLocalization.test.mjs
index bcfba7a65..10f2992eb 100644
--- a/src/ui/shellFeedbackStatusLocalization.test.mjs
+++ b/src/ui/shellFeedbackStatusLocalization.test.mjs
@@ -5,7 +5,13 @@
 // catalog entry, not only the default one.
 import test from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import { setLocale, t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import {
+  aggregateLayerLoading,
+  createLoadingFeedbackState,
+  presentLoadingFeedback,
+  reduceLoadingFeedback,
+} from '../loadingFeedback.js';
 
 const elements = {
   'global-loading-status': { hidden: true, dataset: {} },
@@ -107,4 +113,30 @@ for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
     assert.equal(localized.label, 'HTTP 503 FROM OVERPASS-API.DE');
     assert.notEqual(localized.detail, 'retry pending');
   });
+
+  // An incomplete Overpass answer (alpr/source.js) on the ALPR retry chip,
+  // which shows the layer's error upper-cased.
+  test(`${locale}: the ALPR retry chip translates an incomplete Overpass answer`, () => {
+    setLocale(locale);
+    const error = 'Overpass returned an incomplete camera response';
+    assert.notEqual(t(error), error, 'the catalog has the entry');
+    const now = Date.now();
+    const layer = {
+      id: 'alpr-cameras',
+      name: 'ALPR cameras',
+      enabled: true,
+      stats: { status: 'unavailable', error, retryAt: now + 12000 },
+    };
+    const summary = aggregateLayerLoading([layer]);
+    const state = reduceLoadingFeedback(
+      createLoadingFeedbackState(),
+      summary,
+      now,
+    );
+    const shown = localizeLoadingPresentation(
+      presentLoadingFeedback(state, summary, now),
+    );
+    assert.equal(shown.state, 'retry', 'the ALPR retry chip is up');
+    assert.equal(shown.label, t(error).toLocaleUpperCase(locale));
+  });
 }
diff --git a/src/ui/shellToasts.i18n.test.mjs b/src/ui/shellToasts.i18n.test.mjs
index 0d83640d9..9890e01d5 100644
--- a/src/ui/shellToasts.i18n.test.mjs
+++ b/src/ui/shellToasts.i18n.test.mjs
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// Shell toasts, prompts and launcher labels that reach the page through
-// `showToast?.(`, `this._showToast(`, `window.prompt/confirm` or a constant
-// are invisible to the unmarked-text checker, so pin them here: marked in the
-// code, present in every shipped catalog, and no bare literal left at the
-// call sites.
+// Shell toasts, prompts and launcher labels: pin that they are marked in the
+// code, present in every shipped catalog, and that no bare literal is left at
+// the call sites (`window.prompt/confirm` and constants are invisible to the
+// unmarked-text checker).
 import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ const KEYS = [
   'Exit cockpit to fly to a location',
   'Exit cockpit to fly to a photo',
   'Exit cockpit to fly to a shared view',
-  'Exit cockpit to fly to a {noun}',
   'Go to expanded Radio section',
   'Expand Radio section in Context',
   'Double-click the header to snap the panel back',
@@ -84,12 +82,10 @@ test('the Cockpit refusal keeps its English wording per noun', () => {
     cockpitActive: true,
     showToast,
   });
-  runExplicitNavigation({ cockpitActive: true, noun: 'contact', showToast });
   assert.deepEqual(log, [
     'Exit cockpit to fly to a camera',
     'Exit cockpit to fly to a location',
     'Exit cockpit to fly to a location',
-    'Exit cockpit to fly to a contact',
   ]);
 });
 
diff --git a/src/ui/statusText.js b/src/ui/statusText.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d4308c596
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/statusText.js
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+/**
+ * Layer status texts in the UI language.
+ *
+ * Layers report errors, loading labels and status notes as English data
+ * (stats, analyst records, what the model receives); the Layers panel, the
+ * loading chip, layer cards and the voice card show them translated through
+ * here, by their shape.
+ *
+ * Pure: imports only i18n and layer names, no DOM.
+ * @module ui/statusText
+ */
+import { sourceLabel } from './layerNames.js';
+import { formatNumber, msg, t, tn, translateKnown } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
+const STATUS_SEPARATOR = ' · ';
+
+// Live-source failures arrive as English data (src/sources/live/contract.js,
+// standalone.js, flights and military ingestion), some with a source name or a
+// number in them; the row shows them in the UI language. Keep these in step
+// with the producers. Anything else shows its catalog entry, or as it came.
+const FEED_ERRORS = new Set([
+  msg('OpenSky OAuth client missing/invalid'),
+  msg('OpenSky OAuth rejected credentials'),
+  msg('OpenSky username/password rejected'),
+  msg('OpenSky auth missing'),
+  msg('OpenSky auth required'),
+  msg('OpenSky auth invalid'),
+  msg('OpenSky auth failed'),
+]);
+const FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS = [
+  // Street Level coverage errors (streetLevel/providers/kartaview/source.js),
+  // ahead of the generic "<source> HTTP <status>".
+  [
+    /^KartaView answered HTTP (\d+)$/,
+    ([, status]) => t('KartaView answered HTTP {status}', { status }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^Panoramax answered HTTP (\d+)$/,
+    ([, status]) => t('Panoramax answered HTTP {status}', { status }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^KartaView refused the request \(code (-?\d+)\)$/,
+    ([, code]) => t('KartaView refused the request (code {code})', { code }),
+  ],
+  // Weather imagery (weather/source.js, infraredImage.js) and vector tile
+  // (sources/vectorTiles.js) failures carry their own wording; the generic
+  // pattern below would take "Weather image" for a source name.
+  [
+    /^Weather (image )?HTTP (\d+)$/,
+    ([, image, status]) =>
+      image
+        ? t('Weather image HTTP {status}', { status })
+        : t('Weather HTTP {status}', { status }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^Vector tiles unavailable \(HTTP (\d+)\)$/,
+    ([, status]) => t('Vector tiles unavailable (HTTP {status})', { status }),
+  ],
+  // Layer statuses with a number or a feed name in them: GNSS
+  // (gnss/source.js), CelesTrak groups (satellites/ingestion.js) and transit
+  // feeds (transit/ingestion.js).
+  [
+    /^GNSS feed unavailable \(HTTP (\d{3})\)$/,
+    ([, status]) => t('GNSS feed unavailable (HTTP {status})', { status }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(\d+) CelesTrak groups? unavailable$/,
+    ([, groups]) =>
+      tn(
+        Number(groups),
+        '{count} CelesTrak group unavailable',
+        '{count} CelesTrak groups unavailable',
+        { count: formatNumber(Number(groups)) },
+      ),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(.+) feed unavailable$/,
+    ([, feed]) => t('{feed} feed unavailable', { feed: translateKnown(feed) }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^Source snapshot (\d+) min old$/,
+    ([, minutes]) => t('Source snapshot {minutes} min old', { minutes }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(.+) rate limited \(anonymous\)$/,
+    ([, source]) =>
+      t('{source} rate limited (anonymous)', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(.+) rate limited$/,
+    ([, source]) => t('{source} rate limited', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(.+) HTTP (\d{3})$/,
+    ([, source, status]) =>
+      t('{source} HTTP {status}', { source: sourceLabel(source), status }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(.+) network error$/,
+    ([, source]) =>
+      t('{source} network error', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^Malformed (.+) aircraft rows$/,
+    ([, source]) =>
+      t('Malformed {source} aircraft rows', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^Malformed (.+) response$/,
+    ([, source]) =>
+      t('Malformed {source} response', { source: sourceLabel(source) }),
+  ],
+];
+
+/** One error text in the UI language, or null when nothing matches. */
+function feedErrorText(text) {
+  if (FEED_ERRORS.has(text)) return t(text);
+  const known = translateKnown(text);
+  if (known !== text) return known;
+  for (const [pattern, format] of FEED_ERROR_PATTERNS) {
+    const match = pattern.exec(text);
+    if (match) return format(match);
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A layer's error text in the UI language (see FEED_ERRORS). An error made of
+ * several statuses joined by " · " (Local ADS-B) translates piece by piece,
+ * and so does a lone status piece ("feed 1090 unreachable").
+ */
+export function translateFeedError(text) {
+  if (typeof text !== 'string') return text;
+  const whole = feedErrorText(text);
+  if (whole !== null) return whole;
+  return text
+    .split(STATUS_SEPARATOR)
+    .map((piece) => feedErrorText(piece) ?? translateStatusPiece(piece))
+    .join(STATUS_SEPARATOR);
+}
+
+// A decoder feed with no band is named by the server's "entry N" (its place
+// in LOCAL_RECEIVER_FEEDS, server/providers/local-receivers.js).
+const FEED_ENTRY = /^entry (\d+)$/;
+
+function shownFeedName(name) {
+  const entry = FEED_ENTRY.exec(name);
+  return entry ? t('entry {n}', { n: entry[1] }) : name;
+}
+
+// Feed states named in a Local ADS-B feed problem ("feeds 1090, 978 stale").
+const FEED_PROBLEM_FORMS = Object.freeze({
+  stale: (count, names) =>
+    tn(count, 'feed {names} stale', 'feeds {names} stale', { names }),
+  unreachable: (count, names) =>
+    tn(count, 'feed {names} unreachable', 'feeds {names} unreachable', {
+      names,
+    }),
+  invalid: (count, names) =>
+    tn(count, 'feed {names} invalid', 'feeds {names} invalid', { names }),
+});
+
+// Working texts with a number or a name in them arrive as English data, one
+// piece of a " · " joined line each: transit (transit/queries.js) and Local
+// ADS-B (localAdsb/status.js). The Layers panel and the voice card's analyst
+// notes show them through here. Keep these in step with the producers.
+const STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS = [
+  [/^Loading (.+)$/, ([, feeds]) => t('Loading {feeds}', { feeds })],
+  [
+    /^(\d+) heard$/,
+    ([, heard]) =>
+      tn(Number(heard), '{count} heard', '{count} heard', {
+        count: formatNumber(Number(heard)),
+      }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(USB )?(\d+(?:\.\d+)?) msg\/s$/,
+    ([, usb, rate]) =>
+      usb
+        ? t('USB {rate} msg/s', { rate: formatNumber(Number(rate)) })
+        : t('{rate} msg/s', { rate: formatNumber(Number(rate)) }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^(\d+) feeds? live$/,
+    ([, live]) =>
+      tn(Number(live), '{count} feed live', '{count} feeds live', {
+        count: formatNumber(Number(live)),
+      }),
+  ],
+  [
+    /^feeds? (.+) (stale|unreachable|invalid)$/,
+    ([, names, status]) => {
+      const list = names.split(', ');
+      return FEED_PROBLEM_FORMS[status](
+        list.length,
+        list.map(shownFeedName).join(', '),
+      );
+    },
+  ],
+  // A quiet transit feed in the coverage line, "TTC 0 (95s old)"
+  // (transit/queries.js); the feed name and the numbers stay as they came.
+  [
+    /^(.+) (\d+) \((\d+)s old\)$/,
+    ([, feed, count, seconds]) =>
+      t('{feed} {count} ({seconds}s old)', { feed, count, seconds }),
+  ],
+];
+
+/** One piece of a status line in the UI language, or as it came. */
+export function translateStatusPiece(piece) {
+  const known = translateKnown(piece);
+  if (known !== piece) return known;
+  for (const [pattern, format] of STATUS_PIECE_PATTERNS) {
+    const match = pattern.exec(piece);
+    if (match) return format(match);
+  }
+  return piece;
+}
+
+/** A status line of " · " joined pieces in the UI language, piece by piece. */
+export function translateStatusLine(text) {
+  return text
+    .split(STATUS_SEPARATOR)
+    .map(translateStatusPiece)
+    .join(STATUS_SEPARATOR);
+}
+
+/** A loading label is English data, at times several joined by " · ". */
+export function translateLoadingLabel(label) {
+  return translateStatusLine(label.trim());
+}
diff --git a/src/ui/statusText.test.mjs b/src/ui/statusText.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a154e7da6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/statusText.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// Layer status texts arrive as English data and show in the UI language by
+// their shape; English shows exactly as it came.
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { setLocale, t, translateKnown } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import { sourceLabel } from './layerNames.js';
+import {
+  translateFeedError,
+  translateLoadingLabel,
+  translateStatusLine,
+} from './statusText.js';
+import { FEED_SOURCE, COMBINED_SOURCE } from '../layers/localAdsb/status.js';
+import { readResponseTextCapped } from '../sources/httpBody.js';
+
+function inLocale(locale, run) {
+  setLocale(locale);
+  try {
+    return run();
+  } finally {
+    setLocale('en');
+  }
+}
+
+const STATUS_LINES = [
+  'feed 1090 unreachable',
+  'feeds 1090, entry 2 invalid',
+  '3 heard · USB 5.8 msg/s · feed 1090 stale',
+  '2 feeds live · 14 heard',
+  'TTC 0 (95s old)',
+  'TTC 0 · GO Transit 4 (95s old)',
+  'Loading TTC, MiWay',
+];
+
+test('en: status lines and errors show as they came', () => {
+  setLocale('en');
+  for (const text of [
+    ...STATUS_LINES,
+    'ECCC HTTP 503',
+    'GNSS feed unavailable (HTTP 503)',
+    'Upstream response too large',
+  ]) {
+    assert.equal(translateFeedError(text), text);
+    assert.equal(translateStatusLine(text), text);
+    assert.equal(translateLoadingLabel(` ${text} `), text);
+  }
+});
+
+for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
+  test(`${locale}: a lone feed problem translates like a joined one`, () => {
+    inLocale(locale, () => {
+      const lone = translateFeedError('feed 1090 unreachable');
+      assert.doesNotMatch(lone, /unreachable/, lone);
+      assert.equal(
+        translateFeedError('feed 1090 unreachable · 2 heard').split(' · ')[0],
+        lone,
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  test(`${locale}: a feed with no band is named in the UI language`, () => {
+    inLocale(locale, () => {
+      const shown = translateFeedError('feeds 1090, entry 2 invalid');
+      assert.doesNotMatch(shown, /\b(entry|invalid)\b/, shown);
+      assert.ok(shown.includes(t('entry {n}', { n: 2 })), shown);
+      assert.ok(shown.includes('1090'), shown);
+    });
+  });
+
+  test(`${locale}: a quiet transit feed keeps its name and numbers`, () => {
+    inLocale(locale, () => {
+      const shown = translateStatusLine('TTC 0 · GO Transit 4 (95s old)');
+      assert.doesNotMatch(shown, /\bold\b/, shown);
+      assert.ok(shown.startsWith('TTC 0 · GO Transit 4 '), shown);
+      assert.ok(shown.includes('95'), shown);
+    });
+  });
+
+  test(`${locale}: an oversized upstream response is translated`, async () => {
+    const response = new Response('x'.repeat(10), {
+      headers: { 'content-length': '10' },
+    });
+    const error = await readResponseTextCapped(response, 4).catch((e) => e);
+    assert.equal(error.message, 'Upstream response too large');
+    inLocale(locale, () => {
+      assert.notEqual(translateKnown(error.message), error.message);
+      assert.equal(translateFeedError(error.message), t(error.message));
+    });
+  });
+
+  test(`${locale}: Local ADS-B source names translate without their own entry`, () => {
+    inLocale(locale, () => {
+      for (const source of [FEED_SOURCE, COMBINED_SOURCE]) {
+        assert.notEqual(t(source), source, 'the catalog has the entry');
+        assert.equal(sourceLabel(source), t(source));
+      }
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/src/ui/styles/cctv.css b/src/ui/styles/cctv.css
index 7d260d985..ff3259122 100644
--- a/src/ui/styles/cctv.css
+++ b/src/ui/styles/cctv.css
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ html[lang='es'] .cctv-controls {
 }
 
 /* A translated label longer than its button wraps inside the button instead
-   of running past the panel edge. English keeps its one-line buttons (unguarded,
-   this rule broke AUTO HOP OFF onto two lines). */
+   of running past the panel edge. English is excluded so its labels (AUTO HOP
+   OFF) stay on one line. */
 html:not([lang='en']) .cctv-controls .scene-btn {
   white-space: normal;
   overflow-wrap: break-word;
diff --git a/src/voice/analystEmptyNotes.test.mjs b/src/voice/analystEmptyNotes.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7ec493b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/voice/analystEmptyNotes.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// The analyst card's empty notes can be a layer's status line: Local ADS-B
+// with every decoder feed stale, Transit with a quiet feed ("(95s old)"). The
+// card shows them in the UI language; the model gets the English.
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import test from 'node:test';
+import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import { attachVoiceResult } from './speech.js';
+import {
+  initialVoiceCardState,
+  reduceVoiceCard,
+  voiceCardView,
+} from './voiceCardPresentation.js';
+
+function notesFor(layerKey, caveat) {
+  const shaped = attachVoiceResult(
+    'analyst_query',
+    {
+      ok: true,
+      count: 0,
+      complete: true,
+      scopeLabel: 'in view',
+      feedState: 'nominal',
+      unanswered: [],
+      coverage: { layersQueried: [{ layerKey, status: 'empty' }] },
+      display: { scope: 'in view', caveat },
+      items: [],
+    },
+    {},
+  );
+  return voiceCardView(
+    [
+      {
+        type: 'action-call',
+        callId: 'c1',
+        name: 'analyst_query',
+        arguments: {},
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'action-result',
+        callId: 'c1',
+        name: 'analyst_query',
+        result: shaped,
+      },
+    ].reduce(reduceVoiceCard, initialVoiceCardState()),
+  ).result.notes;
+}
+
+// Caveat = `${layerKey}: ${getEmptyNote(layerKey)}` (analystEngine.js:1026,
+// gevActions.js getEmptyNote → stats.coverage || stats.statusMessage).
+const cases = [
+  ['local-adsb', 'local-adsb: feeds 1090, 978 stale · 0 heard'],
+  ['local-adsb', 'local-adsb: feed 1090 stale · 0 heard'],
+  ['transit', 'transit: TTC 0 (95s old)'],
+  ['transit', 'transit: TTC 0 · GO Transit 0 (95s old)'],
+];
+
+for (const locale of ['es', 'ru']) {
+  for (const [layerKey, caveat] of cases) {
+    test(`${locale}: analyst note "${caveat}" is translated`, () => {
+      setLocale(locale);
+      try {
+        const notes = notesFor(layerKey, caveat);
+        assert.ok(notes.length > 0, 'the note is shown');
+        assert.doesNotMatch(notes.join(' | '), /\b(stale|heard|old)\b/);
+      } finally {
+        setLocale('en');
+      }
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+for (const [layerKey, caveat] of cases) {
+  test(`en: analyst note "${caveat}" keeps its status line`, () => {
+    setLocale('en');
+    const line = caveat.slice(caveat.indexOf(': ') + 2);
+    assert.ok(
+      notesFor(layerKey, caveat).some((note) => note.endsWith(`: ${line}`)),
+    );
+  });
+}
diff --git a/src/voice/analystTransitNote.test.mjs b/src/voice/analystTransitNote.test.mjs
index aa5bf0b16..7aabe0be8 100644
--- a/src/voice/analystTransitNote.test.mjs
+++ b/src/voice/analystTransitNote.test.mjs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-// N-07: the analyst card shows a layer's "empty" note from getStats().coverage
-// as is; Transit's notes are English template strings with no catalog entry,
-// so the es/ru card note stays English. Place: src/voice/analystTransitNote.test.mjs
+// The analyst card shows a layer's "empty" note (Transit's English
+// getStats().coverage text) in the UI language.
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
 import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
diff --git a/src/voice/planStepPresetIds.i18n.test.mjs b/src/voice/planStepPresetIds.i18n.test.mjs
deleted file mode 100644
index 8da47b740..000000000
--- a/src/voice/planStepPresetIds.i18n.test.mjs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-// N-05: plan steps for preset ids from the tool schema (sf, nyc, dc) read
-// "Sf" / "Nyc" / "Dc" in every language; 'tokyo' translates.
-import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import test from 'node:test';
-import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
-import { CITY_POIS } from '../locations.js';
-import { GEV_ACTION_SCHEMAS } from './actionSchemas.js';
-import { narrationLabel, planStepLabel } from './speech.js';
-
-test.afterEach(() => setLocale('en'));
-
-test('es: preset location ids show the city name', () => {
-  setLocale('es');
-  assert.equal(
-    planStepLabel('fly_to_location', { locationId: 'tokyo' }),
-    'Volar a Tokio',
-  );
-  for (const id of ['sf', 'nyc', 'dc']) {
-    const label = planStepLabel('fly_to_location', { locationId: id });
-    assert.doesNotMatch(label, /\b(Sf|Nyc|Dc)$/, label);
-  }
-  assert.equal(
-    planStepLabel('fly_to_location', { locationId: 'nyc' }),
-    'Volar a Nueva York',
-  );
-});
-
-test('ru: a preset id in the nearest-aircraft step names the city', () => {
-  setLocale('ru');
-  assert.match(
-    planStepLabel('select_nearest_aircraft', { locationId: 'dc' }),
-    /Вашингтон/,
-  );
-});
-
-test('en: every preset id reads as its CITY_POIS name', () => {
-  setLocale('en');
-  for (const [id, city] of Object.entries(CITY_POIS)) {
-    assert.equal(
-      planStepLabel('fly_to_location', { locationId: id }),
-      `Fly to ${city.name}`,
-      id,
-    );
-    assert.equal(
-      narrationLabel('fly_to_location', { locationId: id }),
-      city.name,
-    );
-  }
-  // Other places are shown as given.
-  assert.equal(
-    planStepLabel('fly_to_location', { query: 'Ulaanbaatar' }),
-    'Fly to Ulaanbaatar',
-  );
-});
-
-test('every locationId the voice tools accept is a preset city', () => {
-  const ids = new Set();
-  const visit = (node) => {
-    if (!node || typeof node !== 'object') return;
-    if (Array.isArray(node.locationId?.enum))
-      node.locationId.enum.forEach((id) => ids.add(id));
-    Object.values(node).forEach(visit);
-  };
-  visit(GEV_ACTION_SCHEMAS);
-  assert.ok(ids.size > 0, 'found the locationId enums');
-  for (const id of ids) assert.ok(Object.hasOwn(CITY_POIS, id), id);
-});
diff --git a/src/voice/resultDisplay.js b/src/voice/resultDisplay.js
index 779578434..9b46b24c9 100644
--- a/src/voice/resultDisplay.js
+++ b/src/voice/resultDisplay.js
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import {
 } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { layerNameForId, sourceLabel } from '../ui/layerNames.js';
 import { localizePlaceName } from '../ui/placeNames.js';
+import { translateStatusLine } from '../ui/statusText.js';
 import { formatQuantity } from '../ui/unitLabels.js';
 
 const LAYER_NOUNS = Object.freeze({
@@ -372,7 +373,10 @@ function shownNote(text) {
     const shown = match ? show(match) : null;
     if (shown) return shown;
   }
-  return translateKnown(text);
+  // A layer's empty note can be its status line, English pieces joined by
+  // " · " ("feeds 1090, 978 stale · 0 heard", "TTC 0 (95s old)").
+  const known = translateKnown(text);
+  return known !== text ? known : translateStatusLine(text);
 }
 
 /** Feed states as the card's chips show them; the values stay English. */
diff --git a/src/voice/speech.js b/src/voice/speech.js
index 1085e11e8..3e04bf1fc 100644
--- a/src/voice/speech.js
+++ b/src/voice/speech.js
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ import {
   sourceLabel,
 } from '../ui/layerNames.js';
 import { localizePlaceName } from '../ui/placeNames.js';
+import { CITY_POIS } from '../cityPois.js';
 import { formatQuantity } from '../ui/unitLabels.js';
 
 const LAYER_NOUNS = Object.freeze({
@@ -344,28 +345,10 @@ function shownPair(items) {
     : items[0] || '';
 }
 
-/**
- * The preset city ids the voice tools take (the `locationId` enum in
- * actionSchemas.js) and the CITY_POIS names they stand for, so `sf` reads
- * "San Francisco", not "Sf". A copy, not an import: src/locations.js pulls in
- * Cesium. planStepPresetIds.i18n.test.mjs keeps it in step with CITY_POIS.
- */
-const PRESET_PLACE_NAMES = Object.freeze({
-  austin: 'Austin',
-  sf: 'San Francisco',
-  nyc: 'New York',
-  tokyo: 'Tokyo',
-  london: 'London',
-  paris: 'Paris',
-  dubai: 'Dubai',
-  dc: 'Washington DC',
-  tallinn: 'Tallinn',
-});
-
-/** A preset city id as its English name; any other value unchanged. */
+/** A preset city id (`sf`, `nyc`) as its English name; any other value unchanged. */
 function presetPlaceName(value) {
   const id = typeof value === 'string' ? value.trim() : '';
-  return Object.hasOwn(PRESET_PLACE_NAMES, id) ? PRESET_PLACE_NAMES[id] : value;
+  return Object.hasOwn(CITY_POIS, id) ? CITY_POIS[id].name : value;
 }
 
 // A place as the card shows it: a preset city in the interface language,
@@ -375,7 +358,6 @@ function shownPlace(value, max) {
 }
 
 /** Ids such as `austin` or `local-firms` read as names on screen. */
-
 function displayName(value, max) {
   const label = spokenLabel(value, max);
   return /^[a-z0-9-]+$/.test(label)
diff --git a/src/voice/voiceCardPlanSteps.i18n.test.mjs b/src/voice/voiceCardPlanSteps.i18n.test.mjs
index 22db9e28e..7a99c292e 100644
--- a/src/voice/voiceCardPlanSteps.i18n.test.mjs
+++ b/src/voice/voiceCardPlanSteps.i18n.test.mjs
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ import test from 'node:test';
 import { setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { GEV_ACTION_SCHEMAS } from './actionSchemas.js';
 import { presentResult, shownSnapshotTime } from './resultDisplay.js';
-import { attachVoiceResult, planStepLabel } from './speech.js';
+import { CITY_POIS } from '../cityPois.js';
+import { attachVoiceResult, narrationLabel, planStepLabel } from './speech.js';
 import {
   initialVoiceCardState,
   reduceVoiceCard,
@@ -244,3 +245,41 @@ test('C12: the analyst scope names Los Angeles in the UI language', () => {
   assert.match(title, /Los Ángeles$/, 'the headline is not cut at 64');
   assert.equal(result.scopeLabel, 'within 40 km of Los Angeles');
 });
+
+// A preset city id from the tool schema (sf, nyc, dc) reads as its city name.
+test('a preset city id names the city in plan steps and narration', () => {
+  const step = (id, action = 'fly_to_location') =>
+    planStepLabel(action, { locationId: id });
+  assert.equal(step('sf'), 'Fly to San Francisco');
+  assert.equal(
+    narrationLabel('fly_to_location', { locationId: 'dc' }),
+    'Washington DC',
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    planStepLabel('fly_to_location', { query: 'Ulaanbaatar' }),
+    'Fly to Ulaanbaatar',
+    'other places are shown as given',
+  );
+  inLocale('es', () => {
+    assert.equal(step('tokyo'), 'Volar a Tokio');
+    assert.equal(step('nyc'), 'Volar a Nueva York');
+    for (const id of ['sf', 'nyc', 'dc'])
+      assert.doesNotMatch(step(id), /\b(Sf|Nyc|Dc)$/, id);
+  });
+  inLocale('ru', () => {
+    assert.match(step('dc', 'select_nearest_aircraft'), /Вашингтон/);
+  });
+});
+
+test('every locationId the voice tools accept is a preset city', () => {
+  const ids = new Set();
+  const visit = (node) => {
+    if (!node || typeof node !== 'object') return;
+    if (Array.isArray(node.locationId?.enum))
+      node.locationId.enum.forEach((id) => ids.add(id));
+    Object.values(node).forEach(visit);
+  };
+  visit(GEV_ACTION_SCHEMAS);
+  assert.ok(ids.size > 0, 'found the locationId enums');
+  for (const id of ids) assert.ok(Object.hasOwn(CITY_POIS, id), id);
+});