diff --git a/scripts/package-boundaries.json b/scripts/package-boundaries.json
index 276b9e0db..dfb42419f 100644
--- a/scripts/package-boundaries.json
+++ b/scripts/package-boundaries.json
@@ -12,27 +12,50 @@
       "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "application": {
-    "exports": ["./application"],
-    "modules": ["src/app/application.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./application"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/app/application.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "viewer": {
-    "exports": ["./application/viewer"],
-    "modules": ["src/app/viewer.js", "src/app/atmosphereCompat.js"],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "exports": [
+      "./application/viewer"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/app/viewer.js",
+      "src/app/atmosphereCompat.js"
+    ],
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "vite-build": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./build/vite", "./build/html"],
-    "modules": ["build/vite.js", "build/application-html.js"],
-    "external": ["vite-plugin-cesium"]
+    "exports": [
+      "./build/vite",
+      "./build/html"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "build/vite.js",
+      "build/application-html.js"
+    ],
+    "external": [
+      "vite-plugin-cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "live-providers": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/live"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/live"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/live.js",
       "server/providers/common/http.js",
@@ -48,16 +71,24 @@
       "src/data/aisWatchdog.js",
       "src/sources/httpBody.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["ws"]
+    "external": [
+      "ws"
+    ]
   },
   "adsb-lol-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/adsb-lol"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/adsbLolFallback.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/adsb-lol"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/adsbLolFallback.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "place-providers": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/places"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/places"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/places.js",
       "server/providers/places/google.js",
@@ -75,13 +106,19 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "place-payloads": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/places"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/placeProviderPayloads.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/places"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/placeProviderPayloads.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "space-providers": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/space"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/space"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/space.js",
       "server/providers/space/celestrak.js",
@@ -93,13 +130,19 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "space-requests": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/space"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/spaceProviderRequests.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/space"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/spaceProviderRequests.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "terrain-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/terrain"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/terrain"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/terrain.js",
       "src/data/terrainHeightsProxy.js"
@@ -107,35 +150,59 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "terrain-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/terrain"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/terrainHeightsProxy.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/terrain"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/terrainHeightsProxy.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "traffic-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/traffic"],
-    "modules": ["server/providers/traffic.js", "src/data/tomtomTiles.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/traffic"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "server/providers/traffic.js",
+      "src/data/tomtomTiles.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "traffic-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/traffic"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/tomtomTiles.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/traffic"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/tomtomTiles.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "firms-csv": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/firms-csv"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/firmsCsv.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/firms-csv"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/firmsCsv.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "firms-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/firms"],
-    "modules": ["server/providers/firms.js", "src/data/firmsCsv.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/firms"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "server/providers/firms.js",
+      "src/data/firmsCsv.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "gbfs-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/gbfs"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/gbfs"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/gbfs.js",
       "server/providers/common/http.js",
@@ -145,13 +212,19 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "gbfs-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/gbfs"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/gbfsSource.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/gbfs"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/gbfsSource.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "cctv-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/cctv"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/cctv"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/cctv.js",
       "server/providers/cctv/cap.js",
@@ -176,7 +249,9 @@
   },
   "radio-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/radio"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/radio"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/radio.js",
       "server/providers/radio/catalog.js",
@@ -192,7 +267,9 @@
   },
   "overpass-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/overpass"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/overpass"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/common/geo.js",
       "server/providers/common/http.js",
@@ -215,7 +292,9 @@
   },
   "military-installations-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/military-installations"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/military-installations"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/common/http.js",
       "server/providers/common/query.js",
@@ -234,7 +313,9 @@
   },
   "regional-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/regional"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/regional"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/common/http.js",
       "server/providers/common/query.js",
@@ -261,7 +342,9 @@
   },
   "openai-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/openai"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/openai"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js",
       "server/providers/common/rate-limit.js",
@@ -289,7 +372,9 @@
   },
   "standalone-key-setup": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/standalone/key-setup"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/standalone/key-setup"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "scripts/pinokio-environment.mjs",
       "server/providers/common/source-root.js",
@@ -300,7 +385,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "place-search": {
-    "exports": ["./search"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./search"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/search/index.js",
       "src/search/placeSearch.js",
@@ -321,17 +408,27 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "panel-disclosure": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/panels"],
-    "modules": ["src/ui/panelDisclosure.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/panels"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/ui/panelDisclosure.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "surface-keyboard": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/surfaces"],
-    "modules": ["src/ui/surfaceKeyboard.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/surfaces"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/ui/surfaceKeyboard.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "panel-rail-layout": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/layout"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/layout"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/ui/panelRails.js",
       "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
@@ -344,7 +441,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "visual-input": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/input"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/input"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/ui/visualInput.js",
       "src/ui/applicationShortcuts.js",
@@ -353,12 +452,19 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "display-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/display"],
-    "modules": ["src/ui/displayControls.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/display"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/ui/displayControls.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "visual-effects": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/effects", "./ui/effects/bloom"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/effects",
+      "./ui/effects/bloom"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/ui/effects.js",
       "src/ui/visualEffects.js",
@@ -371,76 +477,130 @@
       "src/styles/noir.js",
       "src/styles/snow.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "map-source-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/maps"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/maps"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/ui/mapSource.js",
-      "src/ui/mapSourceControls.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
       "src/mapStackChips.js",
-      "src/keySetupCore.mjs"
+      "src/ui/mapSource.js",
+      "src/ui/mapSourceControls.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "layer-panel": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/layers", "./ui/layers/feedback"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/layers",
+      "./ui/layers/feedback"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/ui/layers.js",
-      "src/ui/layerPanel.js",
-      "src/ui/weatherPanel.js",
-      "src/ui/railCards.js",
-      "src/ui/railCardBlocks.js",
-      "src/ui/chipGroup.js",
-      "src/ui/rowList.js",
-      "src/ui/railTimeline.js",
-      "src/ui/clearLayersControl.js",
-      "src/loadingFeedback.js",
-      "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
-      "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
       "src/data/feedState.js",
-      "src/data/layerSnapshot.js"
+      "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
+      "src/data/layerSnapshot.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
+      "src/loadingFeedback.js",
+      "src/ui/chipGroup.js",
+      "src/ui/clearLayersControl.js",
+      "src/ui/layerPanel.js",
+      "src/ui/layers.js",
+      "src/ui/railCardBlocks.js",
+      "src/ui/railCards.js",
+      "src/ui/railTimeline.js",
+      "src/ui/rowList.js",
+      "src/ui/weatherPanel.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "location-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/location"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/location"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/app/stateChannel.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/locationStatus.js",
       "src/ui/location.js",
       "src/ui/locationControls.js",
-      "src/ui/locationSearch.js",
-      "src/locationStatus.js",
-      "src/app/stateChannel.js"
+      "src/ui/locationSearch.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "radio-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/radio"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/radio"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/ui/radio.js",
-      "src/ui/radioControls.js",
       "src/ui/radioBindings.js",
+      "src/ui/radioControls.js",
       "src/ui/radioPresentation.js",
       "src/ui/radioTunerModel.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "cctv-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/cctv"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/cctv"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/ui/cctv.js",
       "src/ui/cctvBindings.js",
       "src/ui/cctvCalibration.js",
       "src/ui/cctvControls.js",
       "src/ui/cctvFrames.js",
-      "src/ui/cctvVideo.js",
-      "src/ui/cctvPresentation.js"
+      "src/ui/cctvPresentation.js",
+      "src/ui/cctvVideo.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "context-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/context", "./ui/context/policy"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/context",
+      "./ui/context/policy"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/contextModePolicy.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/rightRailPolicy.js",
       "src/ui/context.js",
       "src/ui/contextActions.js",
       "src/ui/contextBindings.js",
@@ -450,8 +610,6 @@
       "src/ui/contextSession.js",
       "src/ui/contextSubscriptions.js",
       "src/ui/contextTransactions.js",
-      "src/contextModePolicy.js",
-      "src/rightRailPolicy.js",
       "src/ui/panelRailGeometry.js"
     ],
     "external": []
@@ -464,42 +622,56 @@
       "./ui/cockpit/vision"
     ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/cockpitMath.js",
+      "src/cockpitUtilityLayout.js",
+      "src/cockpitVisionPolicy.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/ui/cockpit.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitBriefing.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitCamera.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitContext.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitController.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitDisplayPortal.js",
-      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitInput.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitLayout.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitPresentation.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitSignals.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitTrackingController.js",
-      "src/cockpitMath.js",
-      "src/cockpitUtilityLayout.js",
-      "src/cockpitVisionPolicy.js",
+      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
       "src/ui/panelRailGeometry.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "scene-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/scenes"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/scenes"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/ui/scenes.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/ui/sceneControls.js",
-      "src/ui/scenePresentation.js"
+      "src/ui/scenePresentation.js",
+      "src/ui/scenes.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "ui-shell": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/shell"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/shell"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/hudLayouts.js",
-      "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js",
-      "src/cyberSonar.js",
-      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
       "src/app/stateChannel.js",
       "src/bloom.js",
       "src/cctvFocusPolicy.js",
@@ -510,13 +682,27 @@
       "src/cockpitVisionPolicy.js",
       "src/contactsDetectionPolicy.js",
       "src/contextModePolicy.js",
+      "src/cyberSonar.js",
+      "src/data/cameraArrival.js",
       "src/data/detectionPolicy.js",
+      "src/data/feedState.js",
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
+      "src/data/layerSnapshot.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js",
       "src/data/scenePick.js",
+      "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js",
+      "src/hudLayouts.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/imageryHost.js",
       "src/loadingFeedback.js",
       "src/locationStatus.js",
       "src/mapStackChips.js",
@@ -530,27 +716,26 @@
       "src/styles/snow.js",
       "src/styles/surveillance.js",
       "src/styles/thermal.js",
+      "src/ui/aircraftDisplay.js",
       "src/ui/applicationShell.js",
-      "src/ui/cyberSonarControls.js",
-      "src/ui/locationNavigation.js",
-      "src/ui/cockpitCoordinator.js",
-      "src/ui/cameraOrientationControls.js",
       "src/ui/applicationShortcuts.js",
+      "src/ui/cameraOrientationControls.js",
       "src/ui/cctv.js",
       "src/ui/cctvBindings.js",
       "src/ui/cctvCalibration.js",
       "src/ui/cctvControls.js",
       "src/ui/cctvFrames.js",
-      "src/ui/cctvVideo.js",
       "src/ui/cctvPresentation.js",
+      "src/ui/cctvVideo.js",
+      "src/ui/chipGroup.js",
       "src/ui/clearLayersControl.js",
       "src/ui/cockpit.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitBriefing.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitCamera.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitContext.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitController.js",
+      "src/ui/cockpitCoordinator.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitDisplayPortal.js",
-      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitInput.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitLayout.js",
@@ -566,20 +751,21 @@
       "src/ui/contextSession.js",
       "src/ui/contextSubscriptions.js",
       "src/ui/contextTransactions.js",
+      "src/ui/cyberSonarControls.js",
+      "src/ui/displayBindings.js",
       "src/ui/displayControls.js",
+      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
       "src/ui/effects.js",
       "src/ui/frameRateMonitor.js",
+      "src/ui/layerBindings.js",
       "src/ui/layerPanel.js",
-      "src/ui/weatherPanel.js",
-      "src/ui/railCards.js",
-      "src/ui/railCardBlocks.js",
-      "src/ui/chipGroup.js",
-      "src/ui/rowList.js",
-      "src/ui/railTimeline.js",
       "src/ui/layers.js",
       "src/ui/leftPanelRail.js",
+      "src/ui/localSdrControls.js",
+      "src/ui/localSdrPresentation.js",
       "src/ui/location.js",
       "src/ui/locationControls.js",
+      "src/ui/locationNavigation.js",
       "src/ui/locationSearch.js",
       "src/ui/mapSource.js",
       "src/ui/mapSourceControls.js",
@@ -594,15 +780,21 @@
       "src/ui/radio.js",
       "src/ui/radioBindings.js",
       "src/ui/radioControls.js",
+      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
       "src/ui/radioPresentation.js",
       "src/ui/radioTunerModel.js",
+      "src/ui/railCardBlocks.js",
+      "src/ui/railCards.js",
+      "src/ui/railTimeline.js",
       "src/ui/recordingControls.js",
       "src/ui/rightPanelRail.js",
+      "src/ui/rowList.js",
       "src/ui/sceneControls.js",
       "src/ui/scenePresentation.js",
       "src/ui/scenes.js",
       "src/ui/shareRestoration.js",
       "src/ui/shellElements.js",
+      "src/ui/shellFacade.js",
       "src/ui/shellFeedback.js",
       "src/ui/styleParameters.js",
       "src/ui/surfaceKeyboard.js",
@@ -611,23 +803,17 @@
       "src/ui/visualInput.js",
       "src/ui/visualPresets.js",
       "src/ui/visualSettings.js",
-      "src/worldFocus.js",
-      "src/data/feedState.js",
-      "src/data/layerSnapshot.js",
-      "src/ui/aircraftDisplay.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/imageryHost.js",
-      "src/ui/layerBindings.js",
-      "src/ui/displayBindings.js",
-      "src/ui/shellFacade.js",
-      "src/ui/localSdrControls.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
-      "src/ui/localSdrPresentation.js",
-      "src/data/cameraArrival.js"
+      "src/ui/weatherPanel.js",
+      "src/worldFocus.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "ui-styles": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/styles"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/styles"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/ui/styles.js",
       "style.css",
@@ -657,7 +843,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "director": {
-    "exports": ["./director"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./director"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/director/playback.js",
       "src/director/clock.js",
@@ -680,59 +868,71 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "scenes": {
-    "exports": ["./scenes"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./scenes"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/scenes/nepalEvidencePack.js",
+      "src/app/stateChannel.js",
+      "src/bloom.js",
+      "src/contextModePolicy.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js",
       "src/data/bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js",
       "src/data/bhoteKoshiShotPaths.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js",
-      "src/maps/catalog.js",
-      "src/scenes/director.js",
-      "src/scenes/playbackAdapter.js",
-      "src/director/playback.js",
-      "src/scenes/recipes.js",
-      "src/scenes/scenePolicy.js",
-      "src/bloom.js",
-      "src/app/stateChannel.js",
-      "src/ui/scenes.js",
-      "src/ui/sceneControls.js",
-      "src/ui/scenePresentation.js",
-      "src/contextModePolicy.js",
-      "src/director/clock.js",
-      "src/director/timeline.js",
-      "src/scenes/shotPresentation.js",
-      "src/scenes/packs/registry.js",
-      "src/scenes/packs/defaults.js",
-      "src/scenes/packs/nepal.js",
-      "src/director/document.js",
-      "src/scenes/project.js",
-      "src/director/documentFields.js",
-      "src/director/cameraDocument.js",
+      "src/data/cameraArrival.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/director/authoring.js",
       "src/director/camera.js",
-      "src/scenes/cameraMotion.js",
-      "src/director/packs/source.js",
-      "src/director/packs/session.js",
-      "src/director/packs/geojson.js",
-      "src/director/packs/manifest.js",
-      "src/scenes/dataPacks/controller.js",
-      "src/scenes/dataPacks/presentation.js",
-      "src/scenes/dataPacks/geometry.js",
+      "src/director/cameraDocument.js",
+      "src/director/clock.js",
+      "src/director/document.js",
+      "src/director/documentFields.js",
       "src/director/interactions/document.js",
       "src/director/interactions/session.js",
-      "src/scenes/interactions.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/director/packs/geojson.js",
+      "src/director/packs/manifest.js",
+      "src/director/packs/session.js",
+      "src/director/packs/source.js",
+      "src/director/playback.js",
       "src/director/sharing/bundle.js",
-      "src/director/sharing/preview.js",
       "src/director/sharing/lifetime.js",
-      "src/director/authoring.js",
+      "src/director/sharing/preview.js",
+      "src/director/timeline.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/maps/catalog.js",
+      "src/scenes/cameraMotion.js",
+      "src/scenes/dataPacks/controller.js",
+      "src/scenes/dataPacks/geometry.js",
+      "src/scenes/dataPacks/presentation.js",
+      "src/scenes/director.js",
+      "src/scenes/interactions.js",
+      "src/scenes/nepalEvidencePack.js",
+      "src/scenes/packs/defaults.js",
+      "src/scenes/packs/nepal.js",
+      "src/scenes/packs/registry.js",
+      "src/scenes/playbackAdapter.js",
+      "src/scenes/project.js",
+      "src/scenes/recipes.js",
+      "src/scenes/scenePolicy.js",
       "src/scenes/sharing.js",
+      "src/scenes/shotPresentation.js",
+      "src/ui/sceneControls.js",
+      "src/ui/scenePresentation.js",
       "src/ui/sceneSharing.js",
-      "src/data/cameraArrival.js"
+      "src/ui/scenes.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "live-observations": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/live"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/live"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/sources/live/aircraft.js",
       "src/sources/live/contract.js",
@@ -743,7 +943,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "civil-flights": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/flights"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/flights"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/cyberSonar.js",
       "src/data/aircraftClass.js",
@@ -754,38 +956,48 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
+      "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/renderAltitude.js",
       "src/data/routePlausible.js",
       "src/data/trackedModelRegime.js",
       "src/data/trackingClickGesture.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/flights/controller.js",
       "src/layers/flights/enrichment.js",
       "src/layers/flights/evidence.js",
       "src/layers/flights/index.js",
       "src/layers/flights/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/flights/lifecycle.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/modelSpec.js",
       "src/layers/flights/motion.js",
       "src/layers/flights/policy.js",
       "src/layers/flights/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/records.js",
       "src/layers/flights/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/flights/state.js",
       "src/layers/flights/testing.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/tracking.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/records.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/modelSpec.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/data/modelEligibility.js"
+      "src/layers/flights/tracking.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "military-flights": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/military"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/military"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/cyberSonar.js",
       "src/data/aircraftClass.js",
@@ -796,13 +1008,21 @@
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
+      "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/renderAltitude.js",
       "src/data/trackedModelRegime.js",
       "src/data/trackingClickGesture.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/military/controller.js",
       "src/layers/military/index.js",
       "src/layers/military/ingestion.js",
@@ -810,20 +1030,22 @@
       "src/layers/military/motion.js",
       "src/layers/military/policy.js",
       "src/layers/military/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/military/records.js",
       "src/layers/military/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/military/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/military/state.js",
       "src/layers/military/testing.js",
-      "src/layers/military/tracking.js",
-      "src/layers/military/records.js",
-      "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/military/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/data/modelEligibility.js"
+      "src/layers/military/tracking.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "aircraft-mechanics": {
-    "exports": ["./aircraft"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./aircraft"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/aircraftClass.js",
       "src/data/aircraftIcons.js",
@@ -845,11 +1067,24 @@
       "src/layers/aircraft/index.js",
       "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "vessel-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/vessels"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/vessels"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/data/vesselLabels.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/cards.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/evidence.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/index.js",
@@ -857,32 +1092,37 @@
       "src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/policy.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/selection.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/state.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/testing.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/tracking.js",
-      "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
-      "src/data/vesselLabels.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
+      "src/layers/vessels/tracking.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "earthquakes": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/earthquakes"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/earthquakes"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/earthquakes/index.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/model.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/source.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/records.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "recent-imagery": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/recent-imagery"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/recent-imagery"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
       "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
@@ -891,14 +1131,25 @@
       "src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js",
       "src/maps/imageryHost.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "fire-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/firms"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/firms"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/firmsAdapt.js",
       "src/data/firmsLabels.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/firms/anchors.js",
       "src/layers/firms/cards.js",
       "src/layers/firms/index.js",
@@ -911,17 +1162,27 @@
       "src/layers/firms/selection.js",
       "src/layers/firms/source.js",
       "src/layers/firms/state.js",
-      "src/layers/firms/viewport.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
+      "src/layers/firms/viewport.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "satellites-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/satellites"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/satellites"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/issPass.js",
       "src/data/satelliteClass.js",
       "src/data/satellitePass.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/catalog.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/controls.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/index.js",
@@ -930,21 +1191,32 @@
       "src/layers/satellites/labels.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/orbits.js",
-      "src/layers/satellites/records.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/satellites/records.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/source.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/state.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/testing.js",
-      "src/layers/satellites/tracking.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
+      "src/layers/satellites/tracking.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium", "satellite.js"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium",
+      "satellite.js"
+    ]
   },
   "launches-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/launches"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/launches"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/cyberSonar.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/launches/camera.js",
       "src/layers/launches/controls.js",
       "src/layers/launches/index.js",
@@ -963,53 +1235,74 @@
       "src/layers/launches/selection.js",
       "src/layers/launches/source.js",
       "src/layers/launches/state.js",
-      "src/layers/launches/testing.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
+      "src/layers/launches/testing.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "installations-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/installations"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/installations"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/data/bundledJson.js",
       "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
+      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
+      "src/data/local_data/osm_military_names/names.json",
       "src/data/militaryInstallationData.js",
+      "src/data/militaryNames.js",
+      "src/data/retryableLoad.js",
+      "src/data/tomtomTiles.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/installations/controls.js",
       "src/layers/installations/index.js",
       "src/layers/installations/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/installations/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/installations/model.js",
+      "src/layers/installations/namedMarkers.js",
       "src/layers/installations/policy.js",
       "src/layers/installations/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/installations/selection.js",
       "src/layers/installations/source.js",
       "src/layers/installations/state.js",
       "src/layers/installations/viewport.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/data/tomtomTiles.js",
       "src/sources/capability.js",
       "src/sources/httpBody.js",
-      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
       "src/sources/militaryTileGeometry.js",
-      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
+      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
       "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
-      "src/data/militaryNames.js",
       "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
-      "src/data/local_data/osm_military_names/names.json",
-      "src/data/bundledJson.js",
-      "src/data/retryableLoad.js",
-      "src/layers/installations/namedMarkers.js",
-      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js"
+      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium", "@mapbox/vector-tile", "pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium",
+      "@mapbox/vector-tile",
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "awareness-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/awareness"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/awareness"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/cyberSonar.js",
       "src/cockpitMath.js",
+      "src/cyberSonar.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
       "src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/controls.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/dependencies.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/focus.js",
@@ -1028,10 +1321,14 @@
       "src/layers/awareness/testing.js",
       "src/ui/panelRailGeometry.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "traffic-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/traffic"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/traffic"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
       "src/data/flowMatch.js",
@@ -1040,6 +1337,12 @@
       "src/data/trafficFlowStyle.js",
       "src/data/trafficPresetStyle.js",
       "src/data/trafficQueue.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/animation.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/controls.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/flow.js",
@@ -1048,32 +1351,46 @@
       "src/layers/traffic/footprint.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/index.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/ingestion.js",
-      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/model.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/policy.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/retention.js",
+      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/source.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/state.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/style.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/surface.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/timing.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/viewport.js",
-      "src/sources/overpassRoads.js",
       "src/sources/capability.js",
       "src/sources/httpBody.js",
-      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
       "src/sources/militaryTileGeometry.js",
-      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
+      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
+      "src/sources/overpassRoads.js",
       "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
-      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js"
+      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
+      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium", "pbf", "@mapbox/vector-tile"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium",
+      "pbf",
+      "@mapbox/vector-tile"
+    ]
   },
   "bikeshare-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/bikeshare"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/bikeshare"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/bikeshare/controls.js",
       "src/layers/bikeshare/index.js",
       "src/layers/bikeshare/ingestion.js",
@@ -1087,21 +1404,31 @@
       "src/layers/bikeshare/source.js",
       "src/layers/bikeshare/state.js",
       "src/layers/bikeshare/testing.js",
-      "src/layers/bikeshare/viewport.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js"
+      "src/layers/bikeshare/viewport.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "cctv-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/cctv"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/cctv"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/cctvCards.js",
+      "src/data/cctvFootprint.js",
       "src/data/cctvGizmo.js",
       "src/data/cctvLod.js",
       "src/data/cctvViewshed.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/trackingClickGesture.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/calibration.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/cards.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/catalog.js",
@@ -1121,21 +1448,24 @@
       "src/layers/cctv/policy.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/presentation.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/projection.js",
-      "src/layers/cctv/videoPlayback.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/selection.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/source.js",
+      "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/state.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/testing.js",
-      "src/overlays/worldOverlayTokens.js",
-      "src/data/cctvFootprint.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js"
+      "src/layers/cctv/videoPlayback.js",
+      "src/overlays/worldOverlayTokens.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["hls.js", "cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "hls.js",
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "alpr-cameras": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/alpr"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/alpr"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/alpr/index.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/model.js",
@@ -1154,15 +1484,28 @@
       "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/floors.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium", "@mapbox/vector-tile", "pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium",
+      "@mapbox/vector-tile",
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "radio-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/radio"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/radio"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/radioCountry.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/radio/catalogModel.js",
       "src/layers/radio/categories.js",
       "src/layers/radio/clustering.js",
@@ -1185,14 +1528,24 @@
       "src/layers/radio/tuning.js",
       "src/layers/radio/tuningNoise.js",
       "src/layers/radio/volume.js",
-      "src/ui/radioTunerModel.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
+      "src/ui/radioTunerModel.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "submarine-cables": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/submarine-cables"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/submarine-cables"
+    ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/layers/submarineCables/geometry.js",
       "src/layers/submarineCables/index.js",
       "src/layers/submarineCables/ingestion.js",
@@ -1202,13 +1555,16 @@
       "src/layers/submarineCables/policy.js",
       "src/layers/submarineCables/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/submarineCables/state.js",
-      "src/layers/submarineCables/surface.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js"
+      "src/layers/submarineCables/surface.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "bundled-cables": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/bundled-cables"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/bundled-cables"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/submarineCables/bundledSource.js",
       "src/data/local_data/telegeography_submarine_cables/cable-geo.json",
@@ -1217,7 +1573,10 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "geography": {
-    "exports": ["./geography/natural-earth", "./geography/neighborhoods"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./geography/natural-earth",
+      "./geography/neighborhoods"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/naturalEarthRegions.js",
       "src/data/neighborhoodPolygons.js",
@@ -1239,21 +1598,29 @@
       "./maps/defaults"
     ],
     "modules": [
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
       "src/maps/availability.js",
       "src/maps/catalog.js",
       "src/maps/controller.js",
-      "src/maps/imageryComparison.js",
       "src/maps/credits.js",
       "src/maps/defaultSources.js",
       "src/maps/google3d.js",
       "src/maps/imagery.js",
+      "src/maps/imageryComparison.js",
+      "src/maps/imageryHost.js",
       "src/maps/registry.js",
       "src/maps/terrain.js",
-      "src/maps/terrainRetry.js",
-      "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
-      "src/maps/imageryHost.js"
+      "src/maps/terrainRetry.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "voice-connection": {
     "exports": [
@@ -1265,27 +1632,33 @@
       "./voice/realtime-session"
     ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/voice/realtimeController.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeBackend.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/voice/commands.js",
       "src/voice/control.js",
       "src/voice/layerSummary.js",
-      "src/voice/voiceCost.js",
-      "src/voice/commands.js",
-      "src/voice/session.js",
-      "src/voice/sessionCommands.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeSession.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeBackend.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeConnection.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeController.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeCost.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeDiagnostics.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeEvents.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeFacade.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeInput.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js",
       "src/voice/realtimePreferences.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeProtocol.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeDiagnostics.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeViewport.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeInput.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeCost.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeFacade.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeRadio.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeSession.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeTurns.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeConnection.js"
+      "src/voice/realtimeViewport.js",
+      "src/voice/session.js",
+      "src/voice/sessionCommands.js",
+      "src/voice/voiceCost.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
@@ -1309,27 +1682,16 @@
       "./standalone/catalog"
     ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/cyberSonarScene.js",
-      "src/cyberSonar.js",
-      "src/hudLayouts.js",
-      "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js",
-      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
-      "src/cyberSonarGpu.js",
-      "src/scenes/nepalEvidencePack.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEvent.js",
-      "src/ui/imagerySplit.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiLocator.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiShotPaths.js",
       "src/annotations/annotationEngine.js",
       "src/annotations/annotationResolver.js",
+      "src/annotations/drawMode.js",
+      "src/annotations/drawTool.js",
       "src/annotations/hybridAnnotationRenderer.js",
       "src/annotations/index.js",
       "src/annotations/resolver.js",
       "src/annotations/screenAnnotationRenderer.js",
       "src/annotations/worldAnnotationRenderer.js",
+      "src/app/atmosphereCompat.js",
       "src/app/catalog.js",
       "src/app/constructCatalog.js",
       "src/app/controls.js",
@@ -1340,28 +1702,32 @@
       "src/app/layers/alprCameras.js",
       "src/app/layers/bikeshare.js",
       "src/app/layers/cctv.js",
+      "src/app/layers/directions.js",
       "src/app/layers/earthquakes.js",
       "src/app/layers/firms.js",
       "src/app/layers/flights.js",
+      "src/app/layers/localAdsb.js",
       "src/app/layers/militaryAwareness.js",
       "src/app/layers/militaryFlights.js",
       "src/app/layers/militaryInstallations.js",
       "src/app/layers/overlayHost.js",
+      "src/app/layers/perimeters.js",
       "src/app/layers/radio.js",
+      "src/app/layers/recentImagery.js",
       "src/app/layers/rocketLaunches.js",
       "src/app/layers/satellites.js",
       "src/app/layers/submarineCables.js",
       "src/app/layers/traffic.js",
+      "src/app/layers/transit.js",
+      "src/app/localGeojsonServices.js",
       "src/app/operations.js",
       "src/app/scene.js",
-      "src/sources/sourceSlot.js",
       "src/app/sources.js",
       "src/app/startupChrome.js",
       "src/app/stateChannel.js",
       "src/app/surfaceServices.js",
       "src/app/tools.js",
       "src/app/viewer.js",
-      "src/app/atmosphereCompat.js",
       "src/bloom.js",
       "src/camera.js",
       "src/cameraGroundGuard.js",
@@ -1377,6 +1743,10 @@
       "src/contactsDetectionPolicy.js",
       "src/contextModePolicy.js",
       "src/creditKeyboard.js",
+      "src/cyberSonar.js",
+      "src/cyberSonarGpu.js",
+      "src/cyberSonarScene.js",
+      "src/data/adminBoundaries.js",
       "src/data/aircraftClass.js",
       "src/data/aircraftIcons.js",
       "src/data/aircraftMeta.js",
@@ -1385,7 +1755,16 @@
       "src/data/aisLiveVessels.js",
       "src/data/alprCameras.js",
       "src/data/analystEngine.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEvent.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiLocator.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiShotPaths.js",
       "src/data/bikeshare.js",
+      "src/data/bundledJson.js",
+      "src/data/cameraArrival.js",
+      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
       "src/data/cctv.js",
       "src/data/cctvCards.js",
       "src/data/cctvFootprint.js",
@@ -1395,28 +1774,19 @@
       "src/data/cockpitAirLod.js",
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
+      "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
+      "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/contextStore.js",
       "src/data/dataCredits.js",
-      "src/data/wind.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/index.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/model.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/fields.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/streamlines.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/relief.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/inspection.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/presentation.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/rasterTiles.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/source.js",
-      "src/sources/windBody.js",
       "src/data/detection.js",
       "src/data/detectionCohort.js",
       "src/data/detectionDraw.js",
       "src/data/detectionPolicy.js",
       "src/data/detectionPresentation.js",
       "src/data/detectionRenderDemand.js",
+      "src/data/directions.js",
       "src/data/earthquakes.js",
+      "src/data/feedState.js",
       "src/data/fireAnchors.js",
       "src/data/firmsAdapt.js",
       "src/data/firmsHeatmap.js",
@@ -1427,11 +1797,15 @@
       "src/data/geoid.js",
       "src/data/groundFloor.js",
       "src/data/groundSnap.js",
+      "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
       "src/data/infrastructure.js",
+      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
       "src/data/issPass.js",
       "src/data/labelArbiter.js",
+      "src/data/layerSnapshot.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/lifecycle.js",
@@ -1439,9 +1813,13 @@
       "src/data/localGeojsonCore.js",
       "src/data/localGeojsonLod.js",
       "src/data/localLayers.js",
+      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/countries.json",
       "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/marine.json",
       "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/regions.json",
+      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/states_provinces.json",
       "src/data/local_data/neighborhoods/san-francisco.json",
+      "src/data/local_data/osm_military_names/names.json",
+      "src/data/local_data/us_census_counties/counties.json",
       "src/data/manager.js",
       "src/data/meshFloorSampler.js",
       "src/data/militaryAwareness.js",
@@ -1449,14 +1827,12 @@
       "src/data/militaryFlights.js",
       "src/data/militaryInstallationData.js",
       "src/data/militaryInstallations.js",
+      "src/data/militaryNames.js",
       "src/data/militaryRegistry.js",
+      "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/naturalEarthRegions.js",
-      "src/data/adminBoundaries.js",
-      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/states_provinces.json",
-      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/countries.json",
-      "src/data/local_data/us_census_counties/counties.json",
       "src/data/neighborhoodPolygons.js",
       "src/data/pickRegistry.js",
       "src/data/radio.js",
@@ -1464,10 +1840,10 @@
       "src/data/regionalBrief.js",
       "src/data/regionalModel.js",
       "src/data/renderAltitude.js",
-      "src/data/bundledJson.js",
       "src/data/retryableLoad.js",
       "src/data/rocketLaunches.js",
       "src/data/routePlausible.js",
+      "src/data/routeSteps.js",
       "src/data/satelliteClass.js",
       "src/data/satellitePass.js",
       "src/data/satellites.js",
@@ -1488,22 +1864,56 @@
       "src/data/trafficPresetStyle.js",
       "src/data/trafficQueue.js",
       "src/data/trailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/transit.js",
+      "src/data/transitFeeds.js",
+      "src/data/transitIcons.js",
+      "src/data/transitPresetStyle.js",
+      "src/data/transitProxy.js",
       "src/data/vesselLabels.js",
+      "src/data/wind.js",
+      "src/director/authoring.js",
+      "src/director/camera.js",
+      "src/director/cameraDocument.js",
+      "src/director/clock.js",
+      "src/director/document.js",
+      "src/director/documentFields.js",
+      "src/director/interactions/document.js",
+      "src/director/interactions/session.js",
+      "src/director/packs/geojson.js",
+      "src/director/packs/manifest.js",
+      "src/director/packs/session.js",
+      "src/director/packs/source.js",
+      "src/director/playback.js",
+      "src/director/sharing/bundle.js",
+      "src/director/sharing/lifetime.js",
+      "src/director/sharing/preview.js",
+      "src/director/timeline.js",
       "src/firstRunExperience.js",
       "src/hud.js",
+      "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js",
+      "src/hudLayouts.js",
       "src/hudLocality.js",
       "src/hudSummaryResponse.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/keySetup.js",
       "src/keySetupCore.mjs",
       "src/keylessGeocoder.js",
       "src/layers/aircraft/classification.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/floors.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/index.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/model.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/overlay.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/policy.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/presentation.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/visuals.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/overlay.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/records.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/source.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/tileRecords.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/visuals.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/controls.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/dependencies.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/focus.js",
@@ -1553,14 +1963,21 @@
       "src/layers/cctv/policy.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/presentation.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/projection.js",
-      "src/layers/cctv/videoPlayback.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/selection.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/source.js",
+      "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/state.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/testing.js",
+      "src/layers/cctv/videoPlayback.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/index.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/labels.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/source.js",
+      "src/layers/directions/index.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/index.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/model.js",
+      "src/layers/earthquakes/records.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/source.js",
       "src/layers/firms/anchors.js",
       "src/layers/firms/cards.js",
@@ -1581,10 +1998,14 @@
       "src/layers/flights/index.js",
       "src/layers/flights/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/flights/lifecycle.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/modelSpec.js",
       "src/layers/flights/motion.js",
       "src/layers/flights/policy.js",
       "src/layers/flights/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/records.js",
       "src/layers/flights/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/flights/state.js",
       "src/layers/flights/testing.js",
       "src/layers/flights/tracking.js",
@@ -1593,6 +2014,7 @@
       "src/layers/installations/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/installations/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/installations/model.js",
+      "src/layers/installations/namedMarkers.js",
       "src/layers/installations/policy.js",
       "src/layers/installations/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/installations/selection.js",
@@ -1618,6 +2040,15 @@
       "src/layers/launches/source.js",
       "src/layers/launches/state.js",
       "src/layers/launches/testing.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/card.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/enrichment.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/feeds.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/index.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/models.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/motion.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/status.js",
       "src/layers/military/controller.js",
       "src/layers/military/index.js",
       "src/layers/military/ingestion.js",
@@ -1625,10 +2056,18 @@
       "src/layers/military/motion.js",
       "src/layers/military/policy.js",
       "src/layers/military/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/military/records.js",
       "src/layers/military/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/military/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/military/state.js",
       "src/layers/military/testing.js",
       "src/layers/military/tracking.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/cards.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/inciweb.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/index.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/records.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/source.js",
       "src/layers/radio/catalogModel.js",
       "src/layers/radio/categories.js",
       "src/layers/radio/clustering.js",
@@ -1651,6 +2090,11 @@
       "src/layers/radio/tuning.js",
       "src/layers/radio/tuningNoise.js",
       "src/layers/radio/volume.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/catalog.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/controls.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/index.js",
@@ -1659,8 +2103,8 @@
       "src/layers/satellites/labels.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/orbits.js",
-      "src/layers/satellites/records.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/satellites/records.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/source.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/state.js",
@@ -1685,18 +2129,34 @@
       "src/layers/traffic/footprint.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/index.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/ingestion.js",
-      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/model.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/policy.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/retention.js",
+      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/source.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/state.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/style.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/surface.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/timing.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/viewport.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/controls.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/height.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/index.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/ingestion.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/lifecycle.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/movement.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/qaMetrics.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/selection.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/source.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/state.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/testing.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/trails.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/viewport.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/cards.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/evidence.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/index.js",
@@ -1704,11 +2164,34 @@
       "src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/policy.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/selection.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/state.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/testing.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/tracking.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/clock.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/imageryHost.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/imageryOrder.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/index.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/infraredAlpha.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/infraredImage.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/rasterTiles.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/shellRendering.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/source.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/fields.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/index.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/inspection.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/model.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/presentation.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/relief.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/source.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/streamlines.js",
       "src/loadingFeedback.js",
       "src/locationStatus.js",
       "src/locations.js",
@@ -1719,15 +2202,17 @@
       "src/maps/availability.js",
       "src/maps/catalog.js",
       "src/maps/controller.js",
-      "src/maps/imageryComparison.js",
       "src/maps/credits.js",
       "src/maps/defaultSources.js",
       "src/maps/google3d.js",
       "src/maps/imagery.js",
+      "src/maps/imageryComparison.js",
+      "src/maps/imageryHost.js",
       "src/maps/registry.js",
       "src/maps/terrain.js",
       "src/maps/terrainRetry.js",
       "src/navigationPolicy.js",
+      "src/nominatimGeocode.js",
       "src/orbit.js",
       "src/overlays/worldOverlay.js",
       "src/overlays/worldOverlayDraw.js",
@@ -1735,17 +2220,36 @@
       "src/panelStackLayout.js",
       "src/renderGovernor.js",
       "src/rightRailPolicy.js",
+      "src/scenes/cameraMotion.js",
+      "src/scenes/dataPacks/controller.js",
+      "src/scenes/dataPacks/geometry.js",
+      "src/scenes/dataPacks/presentation.js",
       "src/scenes/director.js",
+      "src/scenes/interactions.js",
+      "src/scenes/nepalEvidencePack.js",
+      "src/scenes/packs/defaults.js",
+      "src/scenes/packs/nepal.js",
+      "src/scenes/packs/registry.js",
       "src/scenes/playbackAdapter.js",
-      "src/director/playback.js",
+      "src/scenes/project.js",
       "src/scenes/recipes.js",
       "src/scenes/scenePolicy.js",
+      "src/scenes/sharing.js",
+      "src/scenes/shotPresentation.js",
       "src/scopeMask.js",
+      "src/sdr/controller.js",
+      "src/sdr/gain.js",
+      "src/sdr/spectrum.js",
+      "src/sdr/usbDevices.js",
+      "src/search/coordinateGeocoder.js",
+      "src/search/coordinateParser.js",
       "src/search/defaults.js",
       "src/search/geospatial.js",
       "src/search/google.js",
       "src/search/http.js",
+      "src/search/nominatim.js",
       "src/search/placeSearch.js",
+      "src/search/presetGeocoder.js",
       "src/services/application.js",
       "src/services/groundFloor.js",
       "src/services/groundSnap.js",
@@ -1753,10 +2257,28 @@
       "src/services/requests.js",
       "src/services/terrainHeights.js",
       "src/sharelink.js",
+      "src/sources/adsbRecords.js",
+      "src/sources/capability.js",
+      "src/sources/featureGeometry.js",
+      "src/sources/featureSource.js",
+      "src/sources/httpBody.js",
       "src/sources/live/aircraft.js",
       "src/sources/live/contract.js",
       "src/sources/live/standalone.js",
       "src/sources/live/vessels.js",
+      "src/sources/militaryTileGeometry.js",
+      "src/sources/nominatim.js",
+      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
+      "src/sources/overpassFeatures.js",
+      "src/sources/overpassFeaturesRecords.js",
+      "src/sources/overpassRoads.js",
+      "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
+      "src/sources/reference.js",
+      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
+      "src/sources/sourceSlot.js",
+      "src/sources/transitHistory.js",
+      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
+      "src/sources/windBody.js",
       "src/splitFlap.js",
       "src/standalone/catalog.js",
       "src/standalone/layerSources.js",
@@ -1766,27 +2288,26 @@
       "src/styles/snow.js",
       "src/styles/surveillance.js",
       "src/styles/thermal.js",
+      "src/ui/aircraftDisplay.js",
       "src/ui/applicationShell.js",
-      "src/ui/cyberSonarControls.js",
-      "src/ui/locationNavigation.js",
-      "src/ui/cockpitCoordinator.js",
-      "src/ui/cameraOrientationControls.js",
       "src/ui/applicationShortcuts.js",
+      "src/ui/cameraOrientationControls.js",
       "src/ui/cctv.js",
       "src/ui/cctvBindings.js",
       "src/ui/cctvCalibration.js",
       "src/ui/cctvControls.js",
       "src/ui/cctvFrames.js",
-      "src/ui/cctvVideo.js",
       "src/ui/cctvPresentation.js",
+      "src/ui/cctvVideo.js",
+      "src/ui/chipGroup.js",
       "src/ui/clearLayersControl.js",
       "src/ui/cockpit.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitBriefing.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitCamera.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitContext.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitController.js",
+      "src/ui/cockpitCoordinator.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitDisplayPortal.js",
-      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitInput.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js",
       "src/ui/cockpitLayout.js",
@@ -1803,20 +2324,23 @@
       "src/ui/contextSession.js",
       "src/ui/contextSubscriptions.js",
       "src/ui/contextTransactions.js",
+      "src/ui/cyberSonarControls.js",
+      "src/ui/displayBindings.js",
       "src/ui/displayControls.js",
+      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
       "src/ui/effects.js",
       "src/ui/frameRateMonitor.js",
+      "src/ui/imageryBoxTool.js",
+      "src/ui/imagerySplit.js",
+      "src/ui/layerBindings.js",
       "src/ui/layerPanel.js",
-      "src/ui/weatherPanel.js",
-      "src/ui/railCards.js",
-      "src/ui/railCardBlocks.js",
-      "src/ui/chipGroup.js",
-      "src/ui/rowList.js",
-      "src/ui/railTimeline.js",
       "src/ui/layers.js",
       "src/ui/leftPanelRail.js",
+      "src/ui/localSdrControls.js",
+      "src/ui/localSdrPresentation.js",
       "src/ui/location.js",
       "src/ui/locationControls.js",
+      "src/ui/locationNavigation.js",
       "src/ui/locationSearch.js",
       "src/ui/mapSource.js",
       "src/ui/mapSourceControls.js",
@@ -1831,15 +2355,23 @@
       "src/ui/radio.js",
       "src/ui/radioBindings.js",
       "src/ui/radioControls.js",
+      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
       "src/ui/radioPresentation.js",
       "src/ui/radioTunerModel.js",
+      "src/ui/railCardBlocks.js",
+      "src/ui/railCards.js",
+      "src/ui/railTimeline.js",
+      "src/ui/recentImagery.js",
       "src/ui/recordingControls.js",
       "src/ui/rightPanelRail.js",
+      "src/ui/rowList.js",
       "src/ui/sceneControls.js",
       "src/ui/scenePresentation.js",
+      "src/ui/sceneSharing.js",
       "src/ui/scenes.js",
       "src/ui/shareRestoration.js",
       "src/ui/shellElements.js",
+      "src/ui/shellFacade.js",
       "src/ui/shellFeedback.js",
       "src/ui/styleParameters.js",
       "src/ui/surfaceKeyboard.js",
@@ -1848,186 +2380,32 @@
       "src/ui/visualInput.js",
       "src/ui/visualPresets.js",
       "src/ui/visualSettings.js",
+      "src/ui/weatherPanel.js",
       "src/voice/commands.js",
       "src/voice/control.js",
       "src/voice/gevActions.js",
       "src/voice/gevRealtime.js",
       "src/voice/layerSummary.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeBackend.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeConnection.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeController.js",
-      "src/voice/voiceCost.js",
-      "src/weatherEffectsMath.js",
-      "src/worldFocus.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/records.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/modelSpec.js",
-      "src/layers/military/records.js",
-      "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/military/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/annotations/drawMode.js",
-      "src/annotations/drawTool.js",
-      "src/data/routeSteps.js",
-      "src/layers/directions/index.js",
-      "src/data/directions.js",
-      "src/app/layers/directions.js",
-      "src/search/coordinateGeocoder.js",
-      "src/search/coordinateParser.js",
-      "src/search/presetGeocoder.js",
-      "src/voice/session.js",
-      "src/voice/sessionCommands.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeSession.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeCost.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeDiagnostics.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeEvents.js",
-      "src/app/localGeojsonServices.js",
-      "src/data/feedState.js",
-      "src/data/layerSnapshot.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/records.js",
-      "src/layers/earthquakes/records.js",
-      "src/app/layers/perimeters.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/index.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/source.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/records.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/cards.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/inciweb.js",
-      "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js",
-      "src/sources/reference.js",
-      "src/search/nominatim.js",
-      "src/nominatimGeocode.js",
-      "src/sources/httpBody.js",
-      "src/sources/nominatim.js",
-      "src/app/layers/transit.js",
-      "src/data/transit.js",
-      "src/data/transitFeeds.js",
-      "src/data/transitIcons.js",
-      "src/data/transitPresetStyle.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/controls.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/height.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/index.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/ingestion.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/lifecycle.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/policy.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/queries.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/selection.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/state.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/testing.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/viewport.js",
-      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
-      "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
-      "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
-      "src/data/transitProxy.js",
-      "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
-      "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/trails.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/movement.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/qaMetrics.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/source.js",
-      "src/sources/transitHistory.js",
-      "src/sources/featureGeometry.js",
-      "src/sources/overpassFeaturesRecords.js",
-      "src/sources/overpassFeatures.js",
-      "src/sources/featureSource.js",
-      "src/sources/overpassRoads.js",
-      "src/ui/aircraftDisplay.js",
-      "src/ui/layerBindings.js",
-      "src/ui/displayBindings.js",
-      "src/ui/shellFacade.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeFacade.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeInput.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js",
       "src/voice/realtimePreferences.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeProtocol.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeDiagnostics.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeViewport.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeInput.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeCost.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeFacade.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeRadio.js",
+      "src/voice/realtimeSession.js",
       "src/voice/realtimeTurns.js",
-      "src/voice/realtimeConnection.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/index.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/clock.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/shellRendering.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/infraredAlpha.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/infraredImage.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/source.js",
-      "src/director/clock.js",
-      "src/director/timeline.js",
-      "src/scenes/shotPresentation.js",
-      "src/scenes/packs/registry.js",
-      "src/scenes/packs/defaults.js",
-      "src/scenes/packs/nepal.js",
-      "src/director/document.js",
-      "src/scenes/project.js",
-      "src/director/documentFields.js",
-      "src/director/cameraDocument.js",
-      "src/director/camera.js",
-      "src/scenes/cameraMotion.js",
-      "src/director/packs/source.js",
-      "src/director/packs/session.js",
-      "src/director/packs/geojson.js",
-      "src/director/packs/manifest.js",
-      "src/scenes/dataPacks/controller.js",
-      "src/scenes/dataPacks/presentation.js",
-      "src/scenes/dataPacks/geometry.js",
-      "src/director/interactions/document.js",
-      "src/director/interactions/session.js",
-      "src/scenes/interactions.js",
-      "src/director/sharing/bundle.js",
-      "src/director/sharing/preview.js",
-      "src/director/sharing/lifetime.js",
-      "src/director/authoring.js",
-      "src/scenes/sharing.js",
-      "src/ui/sceneSharing.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/imageryOrder.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/imageryHost.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/index.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/labels.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/source.js",
-      "src/app/layers/localAdsb.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/index.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/policy.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/card.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/feeds.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/status.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/motion.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/models.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/enrichment.js",
-      "src/sources/adsbRecords.js",
-      "src/sdr/controller.js",
-      "src/sdr/spectrum.js",
-      "src/sdr/gain.js",
-      "src/sdr/usbDevices.js",
-      "src/ui/localSdrControls.js",
-      "src/ui/localSdrPresentation.js",
-      "src/app/layers/recentImagery.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js",
-      "src/maps/imageryHost.js",
-      "src/ui/recentImagery.js",
-      "src/ui/imageryBoxTool.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/tileRecords.js",
-      "src/sources/capability.js",
-      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
-      "src/sources/militaryTileGeometry.js",
-      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
-      "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
-      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js",
-      "src/data/cameraArrival.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/floors.js",
-      "src/data/militaryNames.js",
-      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
-      "src/data/local_data/osm_military_names/names.json",
-      "src/layers/installations/namedMarkers.js",
-      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js"
+      "src/voice/realtimeViewport.js",
+      "src/voice/session.js",
+      "src/voice/sessionCommands.js",
+      "src/voice/voiceCost.js",
+      "src/weatherEffectsMath.js",
+      "src/worldFocus.js"
     ],
     "external": [
       "hls.js",
@@ -2041,61 +2419,67 @@
     ]
   },
   "application-catalog": {
-    "exports": ["./application/catalog"],
-    "modules": ["src/app/catalog.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./application/catalog"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/app/catalog.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "application-layer-construction": {
-    "exports": ["./application/layers"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./application/layers"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/cyberSonar.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEvent.js",
-      "src/ui/imagerySplit.js",
-      "src/maps/imageryComparison.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiLocator.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js",
-      "src/data/bhoteKoshiShotPaths.js",
       "src/annotations/annotationResolver.js",
       "src/annotations/resolver.js",
+      "src/annotations/worldAnnotationRenderer.js",
       "src/app/catalog.js",
       "src/app/constructCatalog.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/index.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/model.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/fields.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/streamlines.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/relief.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/inspection.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/presentation.js",
-      "src/layers/wind/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/rasterTiles.js",
       "src/app/layers/aisLiveVessels.js",
       "src/app/layers/alprCameras.js",
       "src/app/layers/bikeshare.js",
       "src/app/layers/cctv.js",
+      "src/app/layers/directions.js",
       "src/app/layers/earthquakes.js",
       "src/app/layers/firms.js",
       "src/app/layers/flights.js",
+      "src/app/layers/localAdsb.js",
       "src/app/layers/militaryAwareness.js",
       "src/app/layers/militaryFlights.js",
       "src/app/layers/militaryInstallations.js",
       "src/app/layers/overlayHost.js",
+      "src/app/layers/perimeters.js",
       "src/app/layers/radio.js",
+      "src/app/layers/recentImagery.js",
       "src/app/layers/rocketLaunches.js",
       "src/app/layers/satellites.js",
       "src/app/layers/submarineCables.js",
       "src/app/layers/traffic.js",
-      "src/sources/sourceSlot.js",
+      "src/app/layers/transit.js",
+      "src/app/localGeojsonServices.js",
+      "src/cameraGroundGuard.js",
+      "src/cameraVerbs.js",
       "src/cctvFocusRequest.js",
       "src/celestialRing.js",
       "src/cockpitMath.js",
+      "src/cyberSonar.js",
+      "src/data/adminBoundaries.js",
       "src/data/aircraftClass.js",
       "src/data/aircraftIcons.js",
       "src/data/aircraftMeta.js",
       "src/data/aircraftNearbyPolicy.js",
       "src/data/aircraftRecession.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEmbeddedMedia.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiEvent.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiFloodPath.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiIncidentPlaces.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiLocator.js",
+      "src/data/bhoteKoshiShotPaths.js",
+      "src/data/bundledJson.js",
+      "src/data/cameraArrival.js",
+      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
       "src/data/cctvCards.js",
       "src/data/cctvFootprint.js",
       "src/data/cctvGizmo.js",
@@ -2104,49 +2488,63 @@
       "src/data/cockpitAirLod.js",
       "src/data/cockpitContactDot.js",
       "src/data/contactMatch.js",
+      "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
+      "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
       "src/data/contextStore.js",
       "src/data/dataCredits.js",
+      "src/data/detection.js",
       "src/data/detectionCohort.js",
       "src/data/detectionDraw.js",
       "src/data/detectionPolicy.js",
+      "src/data/detectionPresentation.js",
+      "src/data/detectionRenderDemand.js",
+      "src/data/directions.js",
       "src/data/firmsAdapt.js",
       "src/data/firmsLabels.js",
       "src/data/flowMatch.js",
       "src/data/focusDeemphasis.js",
       "src/data/geoid.js",
+      "src/data/groundFloor.js",
+      "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
       "src/data/infrastructure.js",
+      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js",
+      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
       "src/data/issPass.js",
-      "src/data/satellitePass.js",
       "src/data/labelArbiter.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
       "src/data/localGeojson.js",
       "src/data/localGeojsonCore.js",
       "src/data/localGeojsonLod.js",
+      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/countries.json",
       "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/marine.json",
       "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/regions.json",
+      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/states_provinces.json",
       "src/data/local_data/neighborhoods/san-francisco.json",
+      "src/data/local_data/osm_military_names/names.json",
+      "src/data/local_data/us_census_counties/counties.json",
       "src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js",
       "src/data/militaryInstallationData.js",
+      "src/data/militaryNames.js",
+      "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
       "src/data/modelVisualAnchor.js",
       "src/data/motionModel.js",
       "src/data/naturalEarthRegions.js",
-      "src/data/adminBoundaries.js",
-      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/states_provinces.json",
-      "src/data/local_data/natural_earth/countries.json",
-      "src/data/local_data/us_census_counties/counties.json",
       "src/data/neighborhoodPolygons.js",
       "src/data/pickRegistry.js",
       "src/data/radioCountry.js",
+      "src/data/regionalModel.js",
       "src/data/renderAltitude.js",
-      "src/data/bundledJson.js",
       "src/data/retryableLoad.js",
       "src/data/routePlausible.js",
+      "src/data/routeSteps.js",
       "src/data/satelliteClass.js",
+      "src/data/satellitePass.js",
       "src/data/scenePick.js",
       "src/data/spriteOrder.js",
+      "src/data/terrainHeights.js",
       "src/data/tomtomTiles.js",
       "src/data/tr3bRegistry.js",
       "src/data/trackedCamera.js",
@@ -2158,16 +2556,29 @@
       "src/data/trafficPresetStyle.js",
       "src/data/trafficQueue.js",
       "src/data/trailRenderer.js",
+      "src/data/transitFeeds.js",
+      "src/data/transitIcons.js",
+      "src/data/transitPresetStyle.js",
+      "src/data/transitProxy.js",
       "src/data/vesselLabels.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/keylessGeocoder.js",
       "src/layers/aircraft/classification.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/floors.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/index.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/model.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/overlay.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/policy.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/presentation.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/visuals.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/overlay.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/records.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/source.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/tileRecords.js",
+      "src/layers/alpr/visuals.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/controls.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/dependencies.js",
       "src/layers/awareness/focus.js",
@@ -2217,14 +2628,21 @@
       "src/layers/cctv/policy.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/presentation.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/projection.js",
-      "src/layers/cctv/videoPlayback.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/selection.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/source.js",
+      "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/state.js",
       "src/layers/cctv/testing.js",
+      "src/layers/cctv/videoPlayback.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/index.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/labels.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/cyclones/source.js",
+      "src/layers/directions/index.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/index.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/model.js",
+      "src/layers/earthquakes/records.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/source.js",
       "src/layers/firms/anchors.js",
       "src/layers/firms/cards.js",
@@ -2245,10 +2663,14 @@
       "src/layers/flights/index.js",
       "src/layers/flights/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/flights/lifecycle.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/modelSpec.js",
       "src/layers/flights/motion.js",
       "src/layers/flights/policy.js",
       "src/layers/flights/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/records.js",
       "src/layers/flights/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/flights/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/flights/state.js",
       "src/layers/flights/testing.js",
       "src/layers/flights/tracking.js",
@@ -2257,6 +2679,7 @@
       "src/layers/installations/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/installations/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/installations/model.js",
+      "src/layers/installations/namedMarkers.js",
       "src/layers/installations/policy.js",
       "src/layers/installations/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/installations/selection.js",
@@ -2282,6 +2705,15 @@
       "src/layers/launches/source.js",
       "src/layers/launches/state.js",
       "src/layers/launches/testing.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/card.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/enrichment.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/feeds.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/index.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/models.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/motion.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/localAdsb/status.js",
       "src/layers/military/controller.js",
       "src/layers/military/index.js",
       "src/layers/military/ingestion.js",
@@ -2289,10 +2721,18 @@
       "src/layers/military/motion.js",
       "src/layers/military/policy.js",
       "src/layers/military/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/military/records.js",
       "src/layers/military/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/military/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/military/state.js",
       "src/layers/military/testing.js",
       "src/layers/military/tracking.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/cards.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/inciweb.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/index.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/records.js",
+      "src/layers/perimeters/source.js",
       "src/layers/radio/catalogModel.js",
       "src/layers/radio/categories.js",
       "src/layers/radio/clustering.js",
@@ -2315,6 +2755,11 @@
       "src/layers/radio/tuning.js",
       "src/layers/radio/tuningNoise.js",
       "src/layers/radio/volume.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/catalog.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/controls.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/index.js",
@@ -2323,8 +2768,8 @@
       "src/layers/satellites/labels.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/orbits.js",
-      "src/layers/satellites/records.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/satellites/records.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/source.js",
       "src/layers/satellites/state.js",
@@ -2348,18 +2793,34 @@
       "src/layers/traffic/footprint.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/index.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/ingestion.js",
-      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/model.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/policy.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/retention.js",
+      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/source.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/state.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/style.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/surface.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/timing.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/viewport.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/controls.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/height.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/index.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/ingestion.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/lifecycle.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/movement.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/qaMetrics.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/selection.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/source.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/state.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/testing.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/trails.js",
+      "src/layers/transit/viewport.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/cards.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/evidence.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/index.js",
@@ -2367,151 +2828,79 @@
       "src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/policy.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/queries.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/rendering.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/selection.js",
+      "src/layers/vessels/snapshotRenderer.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/state.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/testing.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/tracking.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/clock.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/imageryHost.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/imageryOrder.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/index.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/infraredAlpha.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/infraredImage.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/rasterTiles.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/shellRendering.js",
+      "src/layers/weather/source.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/fields.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/gpuRendering.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/index.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/inspection.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/model.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/presentation.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/relief.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/rendering.js",
+      "src/layers/wind/streamlines.js",
       "src/locations.js",
+      "src/maps/imageryComparison.js",
+      "src/maps/imageryHost.js",
       "src/navigationPolicy.js",
+      "src/nominatimGeocode.js",
       "src/overlays/worldOverlay.js",
       "src/overlays/worldOverlayDraw.js",
       "src/overlays/worldOverlayTokens.js",
       "src/renderGovernor.js",
+      "src/sdr/controller.js",
+      "src/sdr/gain.js",
+      "src/sdr/spectrum.js",
+      "src/sdr/usbDevices.js",
+      "src/search/coordinateGeocoder.js",
+      "src/search/coordinateParser.js",
       "src/search/defaults.js",
       "src/search/geospatial.js",
       "src/search/google.js",
       "src/search/http.js",
+      "src/search/nominatim.js",
       "src/search/placeSearch.js",
+      "src/search/presetGeocoder.js",
       "src/services/application.js",
+      "src/services/groundFloor.js",
       "src/services/requests.js",
+      "src/services/terrainHeights.js",
+      "src/sources/adsbRecords.js",
+      "src/sources/capability.js",
+      "src/sources/featureGeometry.js",
+      "src/sources/featureSource.js",
+      "src/sources/httpBody.js",
+      "src/sources/militaryTileGeometry.js",
+      "src/sources/nominatim.js",
+      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
+      "src/sources/overpassFeatures.js",
+      "src/sources/overpassFeaturesRecords.js",
+      "src/sources/overpassRoads.js",
+      "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
+      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
+      "src/sources/sourceSlot.js",
+      "src/sources/transitHistory.js",
+      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
+      "src/ui/imagerySplit.js",
       "src/ui/panelRailGeometry.js",
       "src/ui/radioTunerModel.js",
-      "src/worldFocus.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/records.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/layers/flights/modelSpec.js",
-      "src/layers/military/records.js",
-      "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/military/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js",
-      "src/layers/vessels/snapshotRenderer.js",
-      "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
-      "src/annotations/worldAnnotationRenderer.js",
-      "src/cameraGroundGuard.js",
-      "src/cameraVerbs.js",
-      "src/services/groundFloor.js",
-      "src/data/routeSteps.js",
-      "src/layers/directions/index.js",
-      "src/services/terrainHeights.js",
-      "src/data/terrainHeights.js",
-      "src/data/groundFloor.js",
-      "src/data/directions.js",
-      "src/app/layers/directions.js",
-      "src/search/coordinateGeocoder.js",
-      "src/search/coordinateParser.js",
-      "src/search/presetGeocoder.js",
-      "src/app/localGeojsonServices.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/records.js",
-      "src/layers/earthquakes/records.js",
-      "src/app/layers/perimeters.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/index.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/source.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/records.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/cards.js",
-      "src/layers/perimeters/inciweb.js",
-      "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js",
-      "src/search/nominatim.js",
-      "src/nominatimGeocode.js",
-      "src/data/regionalModel.js",
-      "src/sources/httpBody.js",
-      "src/sources/nominatim.js",
-      "src/app/layers/transit.js",
-      "src/data/transitFeeds.js",
-      "src/data/transitIcons.js",
-      "src/data/transitPresetStyle.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/controls.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/height.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/index.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/ingestion.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/lifecycle.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/policy.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/queries.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/selection.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/state.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/testing.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/viewport.js",
-      "src/data/cameraSensitivity.js",
-      "src/data/contactPlayback.js",
-      "src/data/contactTrailRenderer.js",
-      "src/data/transitProxy.js",
-      "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/trails.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/movement.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/qaMetrics.js",
-      "src/layers/transit/source.js",
-      "src/sources/transitHistory.js",
-      "src/sources/featureGeometry.js",
-      "src/sources/overpassFeaturesRecords.js",
-      "src/sources/overpassFeatures.js",
-      "src/sources/featureSource.js",
-      "src/sources/overpassRoads.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/index.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/clock.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/shellRendering.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/infraredAlpha.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/infraredImage.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/source.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/imageryOrder.js",
-      "src/layers/weather/imageryHost.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/index.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/labels.js",
-      "src/layers/cyclones/source.js",
-      "src/app/layers/localAdsb.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/index.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/policy.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/card.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/feeds.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/status.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/feedNames.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/motion.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/models.js",
-      "src/layers/localAdsb/enrichment.js",
-      "src/sources/adsbRecords.js",
-      "src/sdr/controller.js",
-      "src/sdr/spectrum.js",
-      "src/sdr/gain.js",
-      "src/sdr/usbDevices.js",
-      "src/data/detection.js",
-      "src/data/detectionRenderDemand.js",
-      "src/data/detectionPresentation.js",
-      "src/data/modelEligibility.js",
-      "src/app/layers/recentImagery.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/index.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/model.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/catalog.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/rendering.js",
-      "src/layers/recentImagery/thumbnails.js",
-      "src/maps/imageryHost.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/tileRecords.js",
-      "src/sources/capability.js",
-      "src/sources/openFreeMap.js",
-      "src/sources/militaryTileGeometry.js",
-      "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
-      "src/sources/phaseTiming.js",
-      "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js",
-      "src/data/cameraArrival.js",
-      "src/layers/alpr/floors.js",
-      "src/data/militaryNames.js",
-      "src/sources/requestDeadline.js",
-      "src/data/local_data/osm_military_names/names.json",
-      "src/layers/installations/namedMarkers.js",
-      "src/data/infrastructureOverlayEntry.js"
+      "src/worldFocus.js"
     ],
     "external": [
       "hls.js",
@@ -2525,7 +2914,9 @@
     ]
   },
   "application-operations": {
-    "exports": ["./application/operations"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./application/operations"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/annotations/annotationResolver.js",
       "src/annotations/resolver.js",
@@ -2586,26 +2977,43 @@
     ]
   },
   "layer-lifecycle": {
-    "exports": ["./data/lifecycle"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/lifecycle.js", "src/data/cameraArrival.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./data/lifecycle"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/lifecycle.js",
+      "src/data/cameraArrival.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "ui-navigation": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/navigation"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/navigation"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/navigationPolicy.js",
       "src/ui/navigationController.js",
       "src/app/stateChannel.js",
       "src/data/cameraArrival.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "ui-share-restoration": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/share-restoration"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/share-restoration"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/installationFeedback.js",
       "src/data/layerState.js",
       "src/data/layerStateTokenReservations.json",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/loadingFeedback.js",
       "src/navigationPolicy.js",
       "src/ui/shareRestoration.js",
@@ -2614,16 +3022,23 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "ui-visual-settings": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/visual-settings"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/visual-settings"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/cyberSonar.js",
-      "src/hudLayouts.js",
-      "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js",
-      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
       "src/bloom.js",
       "src/cockpitVisionPolicy.js",
       "src/contactsDetectionPolicy.js",
+      "src/cyberSonar.js",
       "src/data/detectionPolicy.js",
+      "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js",
+      "src/hudLayouts.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/styles/anime.js",
       "src/styles/noir.js",
       "src/styles/retro.js",
@@ -2632,6 +3047,7 @@
       "src/styles/thermal.js",
       "src/ui/applicationShortcuts.js",
       "src/ui/effects.js",
+      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
       "src/ui/styleParameters.js",
       "src/ui/uiLifetime.js",
       "src/ui/visualEffects.js",
@@ -2639,14 +3055,23 @@
       "src/ui/visualPresets.js",
       "src/ui/visualSettings.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "ui-panel-chrome": {
-    "exports": ["./ui/panel-chrome"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./ui/panel-chrome"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
-      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
       "src/panelStackLayout.js",
+      "src/ui/displayPanelScroll.js",
       "src/ui/leftPanelRail.js",
       "src/ui/panelChrome.js",
       "src/ui/panelDisclosure.js",
@@ -2655,13 +3080,16 @@
       "src/ui/panelPositionControls.js",
       "src/ui/panelRailGeometry.js",
       "src/ui/panelRails.js",
+      "src/ui/radioPanelPlacement.js",
       "src/ui/rightPanelRail.js",
       "src/ui/uiLifetime.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "civil-flight-records": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/flights/records"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/flights/records"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/flights/records.js",
       "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js",
@@ -2672,7 +3100,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "civil-flight-ingestion": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/flights/ingestion"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/flights/ingestion"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/flights/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/flights/recordPolicy.js"
@@ -2680,7 +3110,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "military-flight-records": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/military/records"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/military/records"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/military/records.js",
       "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js",
@@ -2691,7 +3123,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "military-flight-ingestion": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/military/ingestion"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/military/ingestion"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/military/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/military/recordPolicy.js"
@@ -2699,7 +3133,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "vessel-records": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/vessels/records"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/vessels/records"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/vessels/records.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js"
@@ -2707,7 +3143,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "vessel-ingestion": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/vessels/ingestion"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/vessels/ingestion"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/vessels/ingestion.js",
       "src/layers/vessels/recordPolicy.js"
@@ -2715,46 +3153,85 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "directions-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/directions"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/directions/index.js", "src/data/routeSteps.js"],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/directions"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/directions/index.js",
+      "src/data/routeSteps.js"
+    ],
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "radio-browser-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/radio-browser"],
-    "modules": ["src/sources/radioBrowser.js", "src/data/radioCountry.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/radio-browser"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/sources/radioBrowser.js",
+      "src/data/radioCountry.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "cctv-types-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/cctv-types"],
-    "modules": ["src/sources/cctvTypes.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/cctv-types"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/sources/cctvTypes.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "regional-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/regional"],
-    "modules": ["src/data/regionalModel.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/regional"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/data/regionalModel.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "voice-action-schemas": {
-    "exports": ["./voice/action-schemas"],
-    "modules": ["src/voice/actionSchemas.js", "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./voice/action-schemas"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/voice/actionSchemas.js",
+      "src/hudLayoutPolicy.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "voice-session": {
-    "exports": ["./voice/session"],
-    "modules": ["src/voice/session.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./voice/session"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/voice/session.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "voice-session-controls": {
-    "exports": ["./voice/session-controls"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./voice/session-controls"
+    ],
     "modules": [
-      "src/voice/sessionCommands.js",
+      "src/i18n/index.js",
+      "src/i18n/locale.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/cockpit.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/setup.js",
+      "src/i18n/locales/en/shell.js",
+      "src/voice/control.js",
       "src/voice/session.js",
-      "src/voice/control.js"
+      "src/voice/sessionCommands.js"
     ],
     "external": []
   },
   "alpr-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/alpr/source"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/alpr/source"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/alpr/policy.js",
       "src/layers/alpr/records.js",
@@ -2765,20 +3242,34 @@
       "src/sources/vectorTiles.js",
       "src/sources/phaseTiming.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["@mapbox/vector-tile", "pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "@mapbox/vector-tile",
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "bikeshare-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/bikeshare/source"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/bikeshare/source.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/bikeshare/source"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/bikeshare/source.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "cctv-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/cctv/source"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/cctv/source.js", "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/cctv/source"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/cctv/source.js",
+      "src/layers/cctv/sourcePolicy.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "earthquakes-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/earthquakes/source"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/earthquakes/source"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/earthquakes/records.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/source.js"
@@ -2786,12 +3277,18 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "firms-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/firms/source"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/firms/source.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/firms/source"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/firms/source.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "installations-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/installations/source"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/installations/source"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/installations/source.js",
       "src/data/militaryInstallationData.js",
@@ -2808,25 +3305,43 @@
       "src/data/bundledJson.js",
       "src/data/retryableLoad.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["@mapbox/vector-tile", "pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "@mapbox/vector-tile",
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "launches-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/launches/source"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/launches/source.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/launches/source"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/launches/source.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "radio-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/radio/source"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/radio/policy.js", "src/layers/radio/source.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/radio/source"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/radio/policy.js",
+      "src/layers/radio/source.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "satellites-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/satellites/source"],
-    "modules": ["src/layers/satellites/source.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/satellites/source"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/layers/satellites/source.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "traffic-source-factory": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/traffic/source"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/traffic/source"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/tomtomTiles.js",
       "src/layers/traffic/flowDecode.js",
@@ -2842,10 +3357,16 @@
       "src/layers/traffic/roadModes.js",
       "src/data/flowMatch.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["@mapbox/vector-tile", "pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "@mapbox/vector-tile",
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "reference-sources": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/reference", "./layers/submarine-cables/source"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/reference",
+      "./layers/submarine-cables/source"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/sources/reference.js",
       "src/layers/earthquakes/source.js",
@@ -2858,7 +3379,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "nominatim-provider": {
-    "exports": ["./search/nominatim"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./search/nominatim"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/search/nominatim.js",
       "src/nominatimGeocode.js",
@@ -2871,17 +3394,27 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "source-http-body": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/http-body"],
-    "modules": ["src/sources/httpBody.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/http-body"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/sources/httpBody.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "overpass-lexer": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/overpass"],
-    "modules": ["src/sources/overpass.js"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/overpass"
+    ],
+    "modules": [
+      "src/sources/overpass.js"
+    ],
     "external": []
   },
   "nominatim-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/nominatim"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/nominatim"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/sources/nominatim.js",
       "src/nominatimGeocode.js",
@@ -2893,7 +3426,9 @@
   },
   "transit-provider": {
     "runtime": "node",
-    "exports": ["./server/providers/transit"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./server/providers/transit"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "server/providers/common/http.js",
       "server/providers/common/rate-limit.js",
@@ -2908,20 +3443,28 @@
       "src/sources/transitHistoryStore.js",
       "src/sources/rateLimit.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "transit-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/transit"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/transit"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/gtfsRealtime.js",
       "src/data/transitFeeds.js",
       "src/data/transitProxy.js",
       "src/sources/transitHistory.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "transit-standalone": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/transit/standalone"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/transit/standalone"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/cyberSonar.js",
       "src/app/sourceSlot.js",
@@ -2980,10 +3523,16 @@
       "src/sources/featureSource.js",
       "src/sources/capability.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium", "egm96-universal", "pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium",
+      "egm96-universal",
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "transit-layer": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/transit"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/transit"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/iconOrientation.js",
       "src/data/inputOwnership.js",
@@ -3017,10 +3566,15 @@
       "src/layers/transit/source.js",
       "src/sources/transitHistory.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium", "pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium",
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "transit-source-factory": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/transit/source"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/transit/source"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/transit/source.js",
       "src/sources/transitHistory.js"
@@ -3028,7 +3582,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "transit-service": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/transit-service"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/transit-service"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/data/transitFeeds.js",
       "src/data/transitProxy.js",
@@ -3039,10 +3595,14 @@
       "src/sources/transitHistoryStore.js",
       "src/sources/rateLimit.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["pbf"]
+    "external": [
+      "pbf"
+    ]
   },
   "map-feature-source": {
-    "exports": ["./sources/map-features"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./sources/map-features"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/sources/featureGeometry.js",
       "src/sources/overpassFeaturesRecords.js",
@@ -3053,7 +3613,9 @@
     "external": []
   },
   "perimeters": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/perimeters"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/perimeters"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/perimeters/index.js",
       "src/sources/httpBody.js",
@@ -3062,10 +3624,14 @@
       "src/layers/perimeters/cards.js",
       "src/layers/perimeters/inciweb.js"
     ],
-    "external": ["cesium"]
+    "external": [
+      "cesium"
+    ]
   },
   "perimeters-source": {
-    "exports": ["./layers/perimeters/source"],
+    "exports": [
+      "./layers/perimeters/source"
+    ],
     "modules": [
       "src/layers/perimeters/records.js",
       "src/sources/httpBody.js",
diff --git a/src/app/controls.js b/src/app/controls.js
index 8d9b988b5..9b9bc0b98 100644
--- a/src/app/controls.js
+++ b/src/app/controls.js
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { catalogControlServices } from './catalog.js';
 import { StyleManager } from '../ui/composition.js';
 import { flyToAustin } from '../camera.js';
 import { initCockpitCloudEffects } from '../cockpitCloudEffects.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 /** Construct the existing controls and camera presentation. */
 export function createApplicationControls({
@@ -41,10 +42,10 @@ export function createApplicationControls({
 
   // If no share link state, do default fly-to Austin
   if (!styleManager.hasShareState) {
-    loaderStatus.textContent = 'Flying to Austin, TX...';
+    loaderStatus.textContent = t('shell.loading.status.flying');
     defer(flyToAustin(viewer));
   } else {
-    loaderStatus.textContent = 'Restoring shared view...';
+    loaderStatus.textContent = t('shell.loading.status.restoring');
   }
 
   return { styleManager, weatherEffects, cockpitCloudEffects };
diff --git a/src/app/scene.js b/src/app/scene.js
index 65e40cd7e..986ad7bc7 100644
--- a/src/app/scene.js
+++ b/src/app/scene.js
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   governorRequestRender,
 } from '../renderGovernor.js';
 import { describeError } from './errors.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 /** Construct the application globe using the caller's local configuration. */
 export async function createApplicationScene({
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ export async function createApplicationScene({
       else window.__GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY__ = previousKey;
     });
   }
-  loaderStatus.textContent = 'Configuring viewer...';
+  loaderStatus.textContent = t('shell.loading.status.configuring');
   // Provider attribution stays visible, including clean-view and recording.
   const creditContainer = document.createElement('div');
   creditContainer.id = 'cesium-credits';
@@ -60,8 +61,8 @@ export async function createApplicationScene({
   configureCreditKeyboardAccess(document);
   loaderStatus.textContent =
     googleApiKey || cesiumToken
-      ? 'Loading Google 3D Tiles...'
-      : 'Loading the keyless globe...';
+      ? t('shell.loading.status.tilesGoogle')
+      : t('shell.loading.status.tilesKeyless');
   const photoreal = await loadPhotorealisticTileset(Cesium, {
     googleApiKey,
     cesiumToken,
@@ -88,12 +89,14 @@ export async function createApplicationScene({
         tileError,
       );
       const tileErrorDetail = describeError(tileError);
-      loaderStatus.textContent = `Google 3D Tiles unavailable (${tileErrorDetail}). Loading the keyless globe...`;
+      loaderStatus.textContent = t('shell.loading.status.tilesUnavailable', {
+        detail: tileErrorDetail,
+      });
     }
     viewer.scene.globe.show = true;
   }
 
-  loaderStatus.textContent = 'Initializing systems...';
+  loaderStatus.textContent = t('shell.loading.status.systems');
 
   const mapStackController = new MapController(viewer, {
     requestRender: governorRequestRender,
diff --git a/src/creditKeyboard.js b/src/creditKeyboard.js
index 5e1c3dea2..7d7c19cdb 100644
--- a/src/creditKeyboard.js
+++ b/src/creditKeyboard.js
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
  * Adds the keyboard semantics omitted by Cesium's href-less attribution links.
  * Cesium retains ownership of showing and hiding its required credit lightbox.
  */
+import { t } from './i18n/index.js';
+
 export function configureCreditKeyboardAccess(root = document) {
   const expand = root?.querySelector?.(
     '#cesium-credits .cesium-credit-expand-link',
@@ -19,7 +21,7 @@ export function configureCreditKeyboardAccess(root = document) {
   expand.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
   close.setAttribute('role', 'button');
   close.setAttribute('tabindex', '0');
-  close.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Close data attribution');
+  close.setAttribute('aria-label', t('shell.credits.closeAria'));
 
   if (expand.dataset.gevKeyboardReady === 'true') return true;
   expand.dataset.gevKeyboardReady = 'true';
diff --git a/src/data/militaryAwareness.test.mjs b/src/data/militaryAwareness.test.mjs
index e4deae82e..e1f5e0232 100644
--- a/src/data/militaryAwareness.test.mjs
+++ b/src/data/militaryAwareness.test.mjs
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ test('Contacts continuation target is the visible explanatory note', () => {
   const source = readLayerSource(new URL('./militaryAwareness.js', import.meta.url));
   assert.match(
     source,
-    /<p class="military-awareness-note" tabindex="-1" data-awareness-focus-continuation>Open-source mapped\/observed context\./,
+    /<p class="military-awareness-note" tabindex="-1" data-awareness-focus-continuation>\$\{t\('layers\.awareness\.note'\)\}<\/p>/,
   );
   assert.doesNotMatch(source, /<span[^>]*data-awareness-focus-continuation/);
 });
diff --git a/src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js b/src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js
index 996ad5b81..17886e8fa 100644
--- a/src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js
+++ b/src/data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 /** Pure proximity helpers for Global Context. No capability modeling. */
 
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export const AWARENESS_RADIUS_M = 250000;
 export const AWARENESS_MAX_FLIGHT_SEARCH_RADIUS_M = 16000000;
 export const AWARENESS_RELATIONSHIP = Object.freeze({
@@ -82,14 +84,14 @@ export function summarizeAwarenessCohort(
       relationship: AWARENESS_RELATIONSHIP.UNKNOWN,
       count: null,
       nearest: [],
-      reason: 'feed unavailable',
+      reason: t('layers.awareness.reason.feedUnavailable'),
     };
   if (stale)
     return {
       relationship: AWARENESS_RELATIONSHIP.UNKNOWN,
       count: null,
       nearest: [],
-      reason: 'feed stale',
+      reason: t('layers.awareness.reason.feedStale'),
     };
   const normalized = (Array.isArray(items) ? items : [])
     .filter(
@@ -106,8 +108,8 @@ export function summarizeAwarenessCohort(
     count: normalized.length,
     nearest: normalized.slice(0, limit),
     reason: normalized.length
-      ? 'observed or mapped nearby context'
-      : 'no observed or mapped objects in current feeds',
+      ? t('layers.awareness.reason.nearby')
+      : t('layers.awareness.reason.none'),
   };
 }
 
diff --git a/src/data/satelliteClass.js b/src/data/satelliteClass.js
index 29a7df3b1..83ea0e846 100644
--- a/src/data/satelliteClass.js
+++ b/src/data/satelliteClass.js
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
  * for), then the constellations users can actually name, then the grab-bag.
  */
 
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 /**
  * Class registry. `label` is the card/legend token, `color` the point color,
  * `blurb` the plain-language gloss for the legend tooltip.
@@ -77,6 +79,32 @@ export const SATELLITE_CLASS_ORDER = Object.freeze([
   'comms',
 ]);
 
+// Display keys for the class table above: `label`/`blurb` stay the English
+// source-of-truth tokens (tests read them), while the card and legend accessors
+// translate through these keys at the presentation boundary.
+const CLASS_DISPLAY_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  station: Object.freeze({
+    label: 'layers.satellites.class.station',
+    blurb: 'layers.satellites.class.stationBlurb',
+  }),
+  nav: Object.freeze({
+    label: 'layers.satellites.class.nav',
+    blurb: 'layers.satellites.class.navBlurb',
+  }),
+  geo: Object.freeze({
+    label: 'layers.satellites.class.geo',
+    blurb: 'layers.satellites.class.geoBlurb',
+  }),
+  visual: Object.freeze({
+    label: 'layers.satellites.class.visual',
+    blurb: 'layers.satellites.class.visualBlurb',
+  }),
+  comms: Object.freeze({
+    label: 'layers.satellites.class.comms',
+    blurb: 'layers.satellites.class.commsBlurb',
+  }),
+});
+
 /**
  * CelesTrak group tag → { class, subtype }. Subtype names the specific
  * constellation so the card can read "NAV · GPS" rather than a bare "NAV".
@@ -139,7 +167,7 @@ export function satelliteClassColor(group) {
  */
 export function satelliteClassLabel(group, { isIss = false } = {}) {
   const { klass, subtype } = satelliteClassOf(group, { isIss });
-  const base = SATELLITE_CLASSES[klass].label;
+  const base = t(CLASS_DISPLAY_KEYS[klass].label);
   return subtype ? `${base} · ${subtype}` : base;
 }
 
@@ -180,11 +208,12 @@ export function satelliteClassLegend(counts) {
     const count = counts?.[klass];
     if (!(count > 0)) continue;
     const spec = SATELLITE_CLASSES[klass];
+    const display = CLASS_DISPLAY_KEYS[klass];
     result.push({
       klass,
-      label: spec.label,
+      label: t(display.label),
       color: spec.color,
-      blurb: spec.blurb,
+      blurb: t(display.blurb),
       count,
     });
   }
diff --git a/src/data/vesselLabels.js b/src/data/vesselLabels.js
index 240e22828..6db97e93d 100644
--- a/src/data/vesselLabels.js
+++ b/src/data/vesselLabels.js
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
  * after the vessel cards moved out of their dedicated canvas renderer.
  */
 
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export const VESSEL_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID = 'ais-live-vessels';
 /** Existing selector grid size; one ambient winner is retained per cell. */
 export const VESSEL_LABEL_GRID_PX = 118;
@@ -64,6 +66,43 @@ const NUMERIC_TYPE_FAMILIES = {
   9: 'OTHER',
 };
 
+// Display keys for the normalized English type tokens above. The tokens stay
+// machine values — TYPE_STYLES matches on them and tests pin them — so card
+// text translates only through this map at the presentation boundary.
+const TYPE_DISPLAY_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  FISHING: 'layers.vessel.type.fishing',
+  TOWING: 'layers.vessel.type.towing',
+  DREDGER: 'layers.vessel.type.dredger',
+  'DIVE OPS': 'layers.vessel.type.diveOps',
+  MILITARY: 'layers.vessel.type.military',
+  SAILING: 'layers.vessel.type.sailing',
+  PLEASURE: 'layers.vessel.type.pleasure',
+  PILOT: 'layers.vessel.type.pilot',
+  SAR: 'layers.vessel.type.sar',
+  TUG: 'layers.vessel.type.tug',
+  'PORT TENDER': 'layers.vessel.type.portTender',
+  'ANTI-POLLUTION': 'layers.vessel.type.antiPollution',
+  'LAW ENFORCE': 'layers.vessel.type.lawEnforce',
+  MEDICAL: 'layers.vessel.type.medical',
+  'HIGH-SPEED': 'layers.vessel.type.highSpeed',
+  PASSENGER: 'layers.vessel.type.passenger',
+  CARGO: 'layers.vessel.type.cargo',
+  TANKER: 'layers.vessel.type.tanker',
+  OTHER: 'layers.vessel.type.other',
+});
+
+/**
+ * Card-display form of a normalized AIS type: known tokens translate through
+ * the catalog; free-text types and unknown codes render unchanged.
+ * @param {string} type Raw AIS type.
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+export function displayVesselType(type) {
+  const normalized = normalizeVesselType(type);
+  const key = TYPE_DISPLAY_KEYS[normalized.toUpperCase()];
+  return key ? t(key) : normalized;
+}
+
 /**
  * Resolve an AIS type to display text: bare numeric ship-type codes map to
  * family names ("71" → "CARGO"); text types pass through unchanged.
diff --git a/src/firstRunExperience.js b/src/firstRunExperience.js
index 6dffb7c5e..c26a18a7b 100644
--- a/src/firstRunExperience.js
+++ b/src/firstRunExperience.js
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import { createSurfaceKeyboard } from './ui/surfaceKeyboard.js';
 // Choosing a mission is deliberately NOT durable suppression: picking a mission
 // is enthusiasm, not "never show me this again".
 
+import { t } from './i18n/index.js';
+
 /** Durable suppression. Written ONLY by the "Don't show this again" checkbox. */
 export const FIRST_RUN_STORAGE_KEY = 'gev:first-run-mission:v1';
 /** Per-session dismissal. Written by every close path; scoped to sessionStorage. */
@@ -34,10 +36,12 @@ export const FIRST_RUN_SESSION_KEY = 'gev:first-run-mission-session:v1';
  */
 export const ENVIRONMENTAL_LABEL_CHOICE = 'ENVIRONMENTAL';
 
-const ENVIRONMENTAL_LABELS = Object.freeze({
-  ENVIRONMENTAL: Object.freeze({ title: 'ENVIRONMENTAL' }),
-  EARTH_WATCH: Object.freeze({ title: 'EARTH WATCH' }),
-  ACTIVE_EVENTS: Object.freeze({ title: 'ACTIVE EVENTS' }),
+// Catalog keys per label choice. Resolved through t() at CALL time (init),
+// never at module load — the locale is not resolved until main.js's body runs.
+const ENVIRONMENTAL_LABEL_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  ENVIRONMENTAL: 'setup.firstRun.environmentalTitle.environmental',
+  EARTH_WATCH: 'setup.firstRun.environmentalTitle.earthWatch',
+  ACTIVE_EVENTS: 'setup.firstRun.environmentalTitle.activeEvents',
 });
 
 /**
@@ -45,7 +49,9 @@ const ENVIRONMENTAL_LABELS = Object.freeze({
  * @returns {{title: string}} The label set the constant above selects.
  */
 export function environmentalLabel(choice = ENVIRONMENTAL_LABEL_CHOICE) {
-  return ENVIRONMENTAL_LABELS[choice] || ENVIRONMENTAL_LABELS.ENVIRONMENTAL;
+  const key =
+    ENVIRONMENTAL_LABEL_KEYS[choice] || ENVIRONMENTAL_LABEL_KEYS.ENVIRONMENTAL;
+  return { title: t(key) };
 }
 
 /*
@@ -92,12 +98,12 @@ export const FIRST_RUN_MISSIONS = Object.freeze({
   contacts: Object.freeze({
     kind: 'context',
     contextMode: 'contacts',
-    busyText: 'Starting live contacts…',
+    busyKey: 'setup.firstRun.busy.contacts',
   }),
   'space-missions': Object.freeze({
     kind: 'context',
     contextMode: 'space-missions',
-    busyText: 'Opening space missions…',
+    busyKey: 'setup.firstRun.busy.spaceMissions',
   }),
   environmental: Object.freeze({
     kind: 'globe',
@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ export const FIRST_RUN_MISSIONS = Object.freeze({
     // before a launch. LEDGERED post-launch. Until it lands, keyless visitors
     // are judged on the layer row, which tells them the truth.
     layerIds: Object.freeze(['earthquakes', 'local-firms']),
-    busyText: 'Scanning active events…',
+    busyKey: 'setup.firstRun.busy.environmental',
   }),
   explore: Object.freeze({ kind: 'none' }),
 });
@@ -352,12 +358,23 @@ export function initFirstRunExperience({
   }
 
   // The tile name is owner-switchable from one constant, so paint it from the
-  // module rather than trusting the markup to have been edited to match.
+  // module rather than trusting the markup to have been edited to match. The
+  // persuasive description line and the tile's feed subcopy are the two
+  // phase-2 exceptions whose static sites are pinned verbatim by
+  // firstRunExperience.test.mjs — the runtime write is their only legal
+  // localization point (docs/TRANSLATORS.md, runtime-only static sites).
   const environmentalTitle = root.querySelector(
     '[data-first-run-environmental-title]',
   );
   if (environmentalTitle)
     environmentalTitle.textContent = environmentalLabel().title;
+  const environmentalSub = root.querySelector(
+    '[data-first-run-environmental-title] + small',
+  );
+  if (environmentalSub)
+    environmentalSub.textContent = t('setup.firstRun.choice.environmentalSub');
+  const description = root.querySelector('#first-run-description');
+  if (description) description.textContent = t('setup.firstRun.description');
 
   const status = root.querySelector('[data-first-run-status]');
   const suppressBox = root.querySelector('[data-first-run-suppress]');
@@ -440,7 +457,9 @@ export function initFirstRunExperience({
       button.setAttribute('aria-disabled', String(next));
     if (!status) return;
     if (next)
-      status.textContent = FIRST_RUN_MISSIONS[choice]?.busyText || 'Working…';
+      status.textContent = t(
+        FIRST_RUN_MISSIONS[choice]?.busyKey || 'setup.firstRun.busy.working',
+      );
     else if (status.dataset.sticky !== 'true')
       status.textContent = defaultStatus;
   };
@@ -490,7 +509,7 @@ export function initFirstRunExperience({
       Array.isArray(failed) && failed.length ? ` (${failed.join(', ')})` : '';
     if (status) {
       status.dataset.sticky = 'true';
-      status.textContent = `Could not open that mission${detail}. Retry or explore manually.`;
+      status.textContent = t('setup.firstRun.status.failed', { detail });
     }
     setBusy(false);
   };
@@ -506,8 +525,7 @@ export function initFirstRunExperience({
     if (box) box.checked = !wanted;
     if (!status) return;
     status.dataset.sticky = 'true';
-    status.textContent =
-      'This browser is blocking storage, so that could not be saved.';
+    status.textContent = t('setup.firstRun.status.storageBlocked');
   };
 
   const keyboard = createSurfaceKeyboard({
diff --git a/src/hud.js b/src/hud.js
index eb8c0ab34..f251c0193 100644
--- a/src/hud.js
+++ b/src/hud.js
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import {
   DEFAULT_HUD_LAYOUT,
   normalizeHudLayout,
 } from './hudLayouts.js';
+import { t } from './i18n/index.js';
 
 /** Color palettes keyed by shader mode; applied as CSS custom properties. */
 const HUD_COLORS = {
@@ -201,15 +202,15 @@ export class IntelHUD {
           <div class="hud-system">${this._missionId}  ${this._sensorId}</div>
           <div class="hud-mode" id="hud-mode">NORMAL</div>
           <div class="hud-summary-wrap">
-            <div class="hud-summary-label">SUMMARY</div>
-            <div class="hud-summary" id="hud-summary">Awaiting telemetry...</div>
+            <div class="hud-summary-label">${t('cockpit.hud.summaryLabel')}</div>
+            <div class="hud-summary" id="hud-summary">${t('cockpit.hud.summaryAwaiting')}</div>
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <div class="hud-corner hud-top-right">
         <div class="hud-content" style="text-align:right">
-          <div class="hud-rec"><span id="hud-rec-dot">●</span> REC  <span id="hud-timestamp">2026-01-01 00:00:00Z</span></div>
+          <div class="hud-rec"><span id="hud-rec-dot">●</span> ${t('cockpit.hud.recLabel')}  <span id="hud-timestamp">2026-01-01 00:00:00Z</span></div>
           <div class="hud-orbital">ORB: ${this._orbitNum}  PASS: DESC-${this._passNum}</div>
         </div>
         <div class="hud-bracket">┐</div>
@@ -634,7 +635,7 @@ export class IntelHUD {
    */
   _composeSummary() {
     const m = this._latestMetrics;
-    if (!m) return 'Awaiting telemetry...';
+    if (!m) return t('cockpit.hud.summaryAwaiting');
 
     const modeEl = document.getElementById('hud-mode');
     const modeLabel = modeEl?.textContent || 'NORMAL';
diff --git a/src/hudA11y.test.mjs b/src/hudA11y.test.mjs
index 3d11ebf3e..920933852 100644
--- a/src/hudA11y.test.mjs
+++ b/src/hudA11y.test.mjs
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ test('HUD sliders and location search have descriptive explicit names', () => {
 });
 
 test('the first-run checkbox keeps its native visible label', () => {
-  assert.match(html, /<label\b[^>]*class="first-run-suppress"[^>]*>\s*<input type="checkbox" data-first-run-suppress \/>\s*<span>Don't show this again<\/span>\s*<\/label>/);
+  // The span may carry a data-i18n extraction attribute; the native wrapping
+  // label contract is what this guards.
+  assert.match(html, /<label\b[^>]*class="first-run-suppress"[^>]*>\s*<input type="checkbox" data-first-run-suppress \/>\s*<span\b[^>]*>Don't show this again<\/span>\s*<\/label>/);
 });
 
 test('generated style sliders use the visible parameter label as their name', () => {
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js b/src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js
index 458a648f7..3b66325d6 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/layers.js
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ export default {
   'cctv.summary.empty': 'No cameras available in catalog.',
   'cctv.summary.city': '{city} CCTV',
   'cctv.summary.hdg': 'HDG {value}°',
+  'cctv.summary.hdgEstimated': 'HDG {value}° (ESTIMATED)',
   'cctv.summary.fov': 'FOV {value}°',
   'cctv.summary.coverage': 'COVERAGE {value}km²',
   'cctv.summary.overlap': 'OVERLAP {count} cams',
@@ -415,8 +416,21 @@ export default {
   'firms.card.focusAria': 'Focus fire detection {title}, {details}',
 
   // src/data/traffic.js feed presentation (manager meta loadingLabel values).
-  'traffic.loadingSyncing': 'syncing LIVE traffic flow',
-  'traffic.liveCoverage': 'LIVE · TomTom flow · {percent}% cov',
+  'traffic.loadingSyncing':
+    'Syncing flow · Roads: OpenStreetMap · Flow: TomTom · Unmatched: simulated',
+  'traffic.liveCoverage':
+    'LIVE · Roads: OpenStreetMap · Flow: TomTom · {percent}% cov',
+  'traffic.liveCoverageUnmatched':
+    'LIVE · Roads: OpenStreetMap · Flow: TomTom · {percent}% cov · Unmatched: simulated',
+  'traffic.simulatedNoMatches':
+    'SIMULATED · Roads: OpenStreetMap · Flow: TomTom (no matches)',
+  'traffic.syncingRoads': 'Syncing flow · Roads: {source}',
+  'traffic.liveRoadsFlowHidden':
+    'LIVE · Roads: {source} · Roads without flow hidden',
+  'traffic.liveRoadsNoFlowInView':
+    'LIVE · Roads: {source} · No flow roads in view',
+  'traffic.roadsFlowLive': 'LIVE · Roads: {source} · Flow {percent}%',
+  'traffic.roadsFlowSimulated': 'SIMULATED · Roads: {source} · Flow {percent}%',
   'traffic.simUnavailable': 'SIMULATED — traffic service unreachable',
   'traffic.simKeyless': 'SIMULATED — add TomTom key for live',
 
@@ -470,6 +484,7 @@ export default {
   'awareness.cohort.vessels': 'AIS vessels',
   'awareness.cohort.installations': 'Mapped installations',
   'awareness.coverage.viewport': 'CURRENT VIEWPORT ONLY',
+  'awareness.coverage.within': 'WITHIN {km} KM',
   'awareness.hdg': 'HDG {value}°',
   'awareness.brg': 'BRG {value}°',
   'awareness.brgUnknown': 'BRG —',
diff --git a/src/i18n/markupCoverage.test.mjs b/src/i18n/markupCoverage.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..45c8743eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/markupCoverage.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+// Markup coverage gate (phase 2): every data-i18n* attribute in the static
+// application markup must name a key that resolves in EVERY shipped catalog
+// via the real catalog builder — a renamed or dropped catalog key can no
+// longer strand a static extraction silently behind the key-itself fallback.
+// index.html is now assembled from src/ui/templates/*.html by
+// build/application-html.js before Vite processes it, so the gate expands the
+// same templates the build serves and scans that assembled markup. Regex
+// parsing is deliberate: no DOM dependency in unit tests.
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import { getCatalog } from './index.js';
+import { CATALOG_LOCALES, availableLocales } from './locale.js';
+import { expandApplicationHtml } from '../../build/application-html.js';
+
+const INDEX_HTML = new URL('../../index.html', import.meta.url);
+const UI_JS = new URL('../../src/ui/applicationShell.js', import.meta.url);
+
+// The four spellings applyDocumentTranslations() knows about. Anything else
+// (a typo like data-i18n-lable) must fail here, not silently never apply.
+const I18N_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN = /data-i18n(?:-title|-aria-label|-placeholder)?="([^"]+)"/g;
+const KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE_NAMES = new Set([
+  'data-i18n',
+  'data-i18n-title',
+  'data-i18n-aria-label',
+  'data-i18n-placeholder',
+]);
+
+const html = expandApplicationHtml(readFileSync(INDEX_HTML, 'utf8'));
+
+const references = [...html.matchAll(I18N_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN)].map((match) => match[1]);
+
+test('index.html carries static i18n references', () => {
+  assert.ok(references.length > 0, 'no data-i18n* attributes found — extraction missing?');
+});
+
+test('index.html sources its body from the application templates', () => {
+  const raw = readFileSync(INDEX_HTML, 'utf8');
+  assert.ok(raw.includes('<!-- gev:template '),
+    'index.html must keep the gev:template markers the build expands');
+  assert.equal((raw.match(/data-i18n/g) || []).length, 0,
+    'data-i18n markup belongs in src/ui/templates/*.html, not the marker shell');
+});
+
+test('every data-i18n* attribute value resolves in every shipped catalog', () => {
+  const catalogs = Object.fromEntries(CATALOG_LOCALES.map((locale) => [locale, getCatalog(locale)]));
+  for (const locale of CATALOG_LOCALES) {
+    assert.ok(catalogs[locale], `catalog builder produced the ${locale} locale`);
+  }
+  const missing = references.filter((key) => (
+    CATALOG_LOCALES.some((locale) => !(key in catalogs[locale]))
+  ));
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    [...new Set(missing)],
+    [],
+    'static markup references keys absent from a catalog (translation would fall back or render the key)',
+  );
+});
+
+test('no unknown data-i18n* attribute spelling sneaks past the application pass', () => {
+  const stray = [...html.matchAll(/(data-i18n[a-z-]*)="/g)]
+    .map((match) => match[1])
+    .filter((name) => !KNOWN_ATTRIBUTE_NAMES.has(name));
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    [...new Set(stray)],
+    [],
+    'applyDocumentTranslations() only applies the four known attributes; a fifth spelling is dead markup',
+  );
+});
+
+test('attribute values are well-formed catalog keys', () => {
+  for (const key of references) {
+    assert.match(key, /^(shell|cockpit|layers|setup)\.[a-z][a-zA-Z0-9]*(\.[a-zA-Z0-9]+)*$/, `malformed key: ${key}`);
+  }
+});
+
+test('the dock language switch keeps a static group container with runtime-rendered buttons', () => {
+  const selector = html.match(/<div class="dock-locale-switch"[\s\S]*?<\/div>/);
+  assert.ok(selector, 'the locale switch group is missing from the control-panel tray');
+  assert.match(selector[0], /data-i18n-aria-label="shell\.locale\.groupAriaLabel"/);
+  // Buttons are no longer static: ui.js _initLocaleSelector() renders one per
+  // locale in the configured pair (GEV_DEFAULT_LOCALE / GEV_SECONDARY_LOCALE).
+  assert.doesNotMatch(
+    selector[0],
+    /dock-locale-btn/,
+    'static selector buttons must move to the runtime renderer so the configured pair shapes the switch',
+  );
+  // Markup-only contract: no listener may attach from markup.
+  assert.doesNotMatch(selector[0], / onclick| onsubmit| javascript:/i);
+});
+
+test('every offered locale has a shell.locale.<code>.ariaLabel in every catalog; the replaced family stays deleted', () => {
+  // The runtime renderer reads shell.locale.<code>.ariaLabel for every locale
+  // availableLocales() can yield under any configuration — i.e. every shipped
+  // catalog locale — and it must exist in every catalog.
+  for (const catalogLocale of CATALOG_LOCALES) {
+    const catalog = getCatalog(catalogLocale);
+    for (const code of CATALOG_LOCALES) {
+      assert.ok(
+        catalog[`shell.locale.${code}.ariaLabel`],
+        `${catalogLocale} catalog is missing shell.locale.${code}.ariaLabel for the runtime selector`,
+      );
+    }
+    assert.equal(catalog['shell.locale.english.ariaLabel'], undefined,
+      'the replaced phase-2 english.ariaLabel key stays deleted');
+    assert.equal(catalog['shell.locale.spanish.ariaLabel'], undefined,
+      'the replaced phase-2 spanish.ariaLabel key stays deleted');
+  }
+  // Default configuration pins the pair the shipped build offers: en-only
+  // while English is the only shipped catalog (the selector renders a single
+  // EN button; each secondary-locale PR widens this pin).
+  assert.deepEqual([...availableLocales()], ['en']);
+});
+
+test('ui.js _initLocaleSelector renders the configured pair (runtime contract)', () => {
+  const source = readFileSync(UI_JS, 'utf8');
+  const start = source.indexOf('_initLocaleSelector() {');
+  assert.ok(start >= 0, '_initLocaleSelector method not found in src/ui.js');
+  const body = source.slice(start, source.indexOf('\n  }\n', start));
+  assert.ok(body.length > 0, '_initLocaleSelector body not extracted');
+  assert.match(body, /availableLocales\(\)/, 'iterates the resolved pair, not a hardcoded EN|ES');
+  assert.match(body, /shell\.locale\.\$\{locale\}\.ariaLabel/, 'aria-labels come from the locale key family');
+  assert.match(body, /toUpperCase\(\)/, 'labels are uppercase locale codes');
+  assert.match(body, /aria-pressed/, 'pressed state is synced');
+  assert.match(body, /persistLocaleAndReload/, 'clicks persist and reload');
+  assert.match(body, /dock-locale-switch/, 'renders into the static group container');
+});
diff --git a/src/i18n/repairPass.test.mjs b/src/i18n/repairPass.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7459399a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/repairPass.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Repair-pass anchors (extraction correctness).
+//
+// en behavior must stay byte-identical: the values added for the director
+// status corpus, the keySetup dev surface, and the map-source wiring are
+// pinned here to the exact literals the code rendered before extraction.
+// Cross-module anchors (keySetupCore registry) catch catalog/registry drift
+// in either direction. The locale-scoped CCTV wrap rules and per-locale value
+// pins live in their locale PRs (es first); this file pins the English
+// contract plus the pixel-identical English layout.
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+
+import { getCatalog } from './index.js';
+import { KEY_SETUP_KEYS, keySetupRequirement } from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
+
+const en = getCatalog('en');
+
+test('director status corpus keeps the pre-extraction English literals byte-identical', () => {
+  const expected = {
+    'setup.scenes.status.captureCameraNotReady': 'Cannot capture shot: camera not ready',
+    'setup.scenes.status.shotTitleDefault': 'Shot {n}',
+    'setup.scenes.status.captured': 'Captured: {scene} / {shot}',
+    'setup.scenes.status.selectShotFirst': 'Select a shot first',
+    'setup.scenes.status.updated': 'Updated: {scene} / {shot}',
+    'setup.scenes.status.deleteShotConfirm': 'Delete shot "{shot}"?',
+    'setup.scenes.status.loaded': 'Loaded: {scene} / {shot}',
+    'setup.scenes.status.cameraUnavailable': 'Camera unavailable — exit cockpit first',
+    'setup.scenes.status.noShotsToRun': 'No shots to run',
+    'setup.scenes.status.runningShot': 'Running {index}/{total}: {scene} / {shot}',
+    'setup.scenes.status.runComplete': 'Scene run complete',
+    'setup.scenes.status.runError': 'Error: {message}',
+    'setup.scenes.status.contextExitFailed': 'Could not exit {mode} — scene layers may be refused',
+  };
+  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(expected)) {
+    assert.equal(en[key], value, `${key} drifted from the removed English literal`);
+  }
+});
+
+test('setup.keySetup.unlocks.* en values equal the keySetupCore registry copy', () => {
+  for (const entry of KEY_SETUP_KEYS) {
+    const key = `setup.keySetup.unlocks.${entry.id}`;
+    assert.equal(en[key], entry.unlocks, `${key} drifted from KEY_SETUP_KEYS unlocks`);
+  }
+  assert.equal(en['setup.keySetup.requirement'], 'Needs {envVars} — add it in Provider Settings');
+  assert.equal(
+    keySetupRequirement('cesium-ion'),
+    'Needs CESIUM_ION_TOKEN — add it in Provider Settings',
+    'en requirement sentence must stay byte-identical (pinned by keySetupCore.test.mjs)',
+  );
+});
+
+test('map-source keys match the static markup pinned by mapStackChips.test.mjs', () => {
+  assert.equal(en['cockpit.presets.mapSourceLabel'], 'MAP SOURCE');
+  assert.equal(en['cockpit.presets.mapSourceChipsAriaLabel'], 'Map source');
+});
+
+test('the seven redundant layers.radio transport seeds stay deleted', () => {
+  const deleted = [
+    'layers.radio.pause',
+    'layers.radio.resume',
+    'layers.radio.playNearestAria',
+    'layers.radio.pauseSelectedAria',
+    'layers.radio.pauseNearestAria',
+    'layers.radio.resumeSelectedAria',
+    'layers.radio.resumeNearestAria',
+  ];
+  for (const key of deleted) {
+    assert.equal(en[key], undefined, `${key} was removed by the repair pass`);
+  }
+});
+
+test('the English CCTV control rows stay unwrapped: no locale-scoped wrap rule ships ahead of its locale', () => {
+  // Locale wrap rules (html[lang='…'] .cctv-controls { flex-wrap: wrap }) are
+  // added one per locale PR, each with a measured-width justification — never
+  // speculatively. Until then the base rule must stay unwrapped so English
+  // pixels are unchanged, and no html[lang] override may exist.
+  const css = readFileSync(new URL('../../src/ui/styles/cctv.css', import.meta.url), 'utf8');
+  const baseStart = css.indexOf('.cctv-controls {');
+  const baseBody = css.slice(baseStart, css.indexOf('}', baseStart));
+  assert.ok(!baseBody.includes('flex-wrap'), 'base .cctv-controls must stay unwrapped (EN pixel-identical)');
+  assert.ok(!/html\[lang=/i.test(css), 'no locale-scoped CCTV rule may ship before its locale does');
+});
diff --git a/src/keySetup.js b/src/keySetup.js
index ee1d3b2dd..0ab6170d5 100644
--- a/src/keySetup.js
+++ b/src/keySetup.js
@@ -16,12 +16,20 @@ import { createSurfaceKeyboard } from './ui/surfaceKeyboard.js';
  * the chip and the dialog are removed outright.
  */
 
-/** Chip label — pure, exported for tests. */
+import { t, hasMessage } from './i18n/index.js';
+
+/**
+ * Chip label — pure, exported for tests. The exact English values are pinned
+ * by keySetup.test.mjs; t() resolves them from the catalog, so the default
+ * locale renders byte-identical text and 'es' localizes at the same site.
+ * @param {{total?: number, setCount?: number}|null} status
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
 export function keySetupChipLabel(status) {
   const missing = Math.max(0, (status?.total || 0) - (status?.setCount || 0));
   return missing > 0
-    ? `POWER UP · ${missing} ${missing === 1 ? 'KEY' : 'KEYS'} WAITING`
-    : 'POWERED UP';
+    ? t('setup.keySetup.chipWaiting', { count: missing })
+    : t('setup.keySetup.chipReady');
 }
 
 /**
@@ -113,7 +121,10 @@ function buildRow(documentRef, key) {
 
   const unlocks = documentRef.createElement('p');
   unlocks.className = 'key-setup-unlocks';
-  unlocks.textContent = key.unlocks;
+  // The registry `unlocks` text localizes per registry id; an id missing from
+  // the catalog falls back to the server-provided English copy.
+  const unlocksKey = `setup.keySetup.unlocks.${key.id}`;
+  unlocks.textContent = hasMessage(unlocksKey) ? t(unlocksKey) : key.unlocks;
 
   row.append(head, unlocks);
   if (!external) {
@@ -138,8 +149,8 @@ function buildRow(documentRef, key) {
       remove.type = 'button';
       remove.className = 'key-setup-remove';
       remove.dataset.keySetupRemove = JSON.stringify(key.envVars);
-      remove.textContent = 'REMOVE';
-      remove.title = `Remove ${key.title} from this app's saved keys`;
+      remove.textContent = t('setup.keySetup.row.remove');
+      remove.title = t('setup.keySetup.row.removeTitle', { title: key.title });
       fields.append(remove);
     }
     row.append(fields);
@@ -284,17 +295,19 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
 
   const storeLabel = () =>
     status?.store === 'pinokio-environment'
-      ? 'your app configuration'
-      : 'your local .env';
+      ? t('setup.keySetup.store.pinokio')
+      : t('setup.keySetup.store.env');
 
-  const submitUpdates = async (updates, doneVerb) => {
+  // doneMessageKey names the whole saved/removed sentence; the storage
+  // destination is interpolated so the {store} phrase stays one spelling.
+  const submitUpdates = async (updates, doneMessageKey) => {
     if (disposed || busy) return;
     const googleWasUnset = !status?.keys?.find(
       (key) => key.id === 'google-maps',
     )?.set;
     busy = true;
     applyButton?.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'true');
-    say('Saving…');
+    say(t('setup.keySetup.status.saving'));
     try {
       const response = await doFetch('/api/setup/keys', {
         method: 'POST',
@@ -305,7 +318,11 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
       const payload = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
       if (disposed) return;
       if (!response.ok || !payload.ok) {
-        say(payload.error || `Save failed (${response.status}).`);
+        // payload.error is a server-authored message (API value) — shown as-is.
+        say(
+          payload.error ||
+            t('setup.keySetup.status.saveFailed', { status: response.status }),
+        );
         return;
       }
       for (const input of root.querySelectorAll('input[data-env-var]'))
@@ -331,11 +348,13 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
           signal: lifetime.signal,
         });
       }
-      say(
-        `${doneVerb} ${storeLabel()}. Restarting — this page reloads itself.`,
-      );
+      say(t(doneMessageKey, { store: storeLabel() }));
     } catch (error) {
-      say(`Save failed: ${error?.message || error}`);
+      say(
+        t('setup.keySetup.status.saveFailedDetail', {
+          detail: error?.message || error,
+        }),
+      );
     } finally {
       busy = false;
       applyButton?.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'false');
@@ -352,10 +371,10 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
       })),
     );
     if (!Object.keys(updates).length) {
-      say('Paste at least one key first.');
+      say(t('setup.keySetup.status.pasteFirst'));
       return;
     }
-    await submitUpdates(updates, 'Saved to');
+    await submitUpdates(updates, 'setup.keySetup.status.saved');
   };
 
   chip.addEventListener('click', openDialog);
@@ -377,11 +396,11 @@ export async function initKeySetup({
     // a deliberate two-step the lure cannot pre-satisfy.
     const ok =
       typeof globalThis.confirm !== 'function' ||
-      globalThis.confirm('Remove this key from your saved configuration?');
+      globalThis.confirm(t('setup.keySetup.confirm.remove'));
     if (!ok) return;
     void submitUpdates(
       Object.fromEntries(envVars.map((name) => [name, null])),
-      'Removed from',
+      'setup.keySetup.status.removed',
     );
   });
 
diff --git a/src/keySetupCore.mjs b/src/keySetupCore.mjs
index e8bfef92c..e9dbcb2f2 100644
--- a/src/keySetupCore.mjs
+++ b/src/keySetupCore.mjs
@@ -334,6 +334,19 @@ export function knownKeySetupEnvVars() {
 }
 
 /** Tooltip guidance for a control gated by one registry entry. */
+/**
+ * Env-var requirements for a registry entry, as machine values for
+ * presentation layers that localize the guidance sentence themselves
+ * (this module also runs in node-side key-setup builds, which stay English).
+ * @param {string} id Registry entry id.
+ * @returns {string|null} Joined env-var names, or null when nothing is required.
+ */
+export function keySetupRequirementEnvVars(id) {
+  const entry = KEY_SETUP_KEYS.find((candidate) => candidate.id === id);
+  if (!entry || entry.hidden) return null;
+  return entry.envVars.join(' + ');
+}
+
 export function keySetupRequirement(id) {
   const entry = KEY_SETUP_KEYS.find((candidate) => candidate.id === id);
   if (!entry || entry.hidden) return '';
diff --git a/src/layers/awareness/panel.js b/src/layers/awareness/panel.js
index 5b14b4230..75101c873 100644
--- a/src/layers/awareness/panel.js
+++ b/src/layers/awareness/panel.js
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import {
   formatAwarenessDistance,
   AWARENESS_RADIUS_M,
 } from '../../data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { AWARENESS_PAGE_SIZE, AWARENESS_PAGE_ROTATE_MS } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
   function hidePanel() {
     if (layerState.panel) {
       const markup = `<div class="military-awareness-standby">
-      <strong>${layerState.enabled ? 'CONTEXT READY' : 'GLOBAL CONTEXT OFF'}</strong>
-      <span>${layerState.enabled ? 'SELECT A FLIGHT, VESSEL, OR MAPPED INSTALLATION' : 'ENABLE TO LOAD OBSERVED / MAPPED PROXIMITY'}</span>
+      <strong>${layerState.enabled ? t('layers.awareness.standbyReady') : t('layers.awareness.standbyOff')}</strong>
+      <span>${layerState.enabled ? t('layers.awareness.standbySelect') : t('layers.awareness.standbyEnable')}</span>
     </div>`;
       layerState.panel.hidden = false;
       if (layerState.panelMarkup !== markup) {
@@ -69,10 +70,11 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         const label = formatAwarenessLabel(item);
         const targetId = item.icao24 || item.mmsi || item.id;
         if (!targetId) {
-          return `<li><span class="military-awareness-target unavailable" aria-label="Unavailable">${escapeHtml(label)} <span>${formatAwarenessDistance(item.distanceM)}</span></span></li>`;
+          return `<li><span class="military-awareness-target unavailable" aria-label="${t('layers.awareness.unavailableAria')}">${escapeHtml(label)} <span>${formatAwarenessDistance(item.distanceM)}</span></span></li>`;
         }
-        const accessibleLabel = label === '—' ? 'Unavailable' : label;
-        return `<li><button type="button" class="military-awareness-target" data-awareness-layer="${escapeHtml(cohort.id)}" data-awareness-id="${escapeHtml(targetId)}" aria-label="Focus ${escapeHtml(accessibleLabel)}">${escapeHtml(label)} <span>${formatAwarenessDistance(item.distanceM)}</span></button>${namedAreasHtml(item.memberNames)}</li>`;
+        const accessibleLabel =
+          label === '—' ? t('layers.awareness.unavailableAria') : label;
+        return `<li><button type="button" class="military-awareness-target" data-awareness-layer="${escapeHtml(cohort.id)}" data-awareness-id="${escapeHtml(targetId)}" aria-label="${escapeHtml(t('layers.awareness.focusAria', { label: accessibleLabel }))}">${escapeHtml(label)} <span>${formatAwarenessDistance(item.distanceM)}</span></button>${namedAreasHtml(item.memberNames)}</li>`;
       })
       .join('');
     const pageCount = Math.max(
@@ -93,10 +95,10 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
 
   function navigationControlsHtml() {
     const canPrevious = layerState.navigationIndex > 0;
-    return `<div class="military-awareness-controls" role="group" aria-label="Global Context navigation">
-    <button type="button" data-awareness-action="previous" title="Previous — prior visited contact in the 250 km window"${canPrevious ? '' : ' disabled'}>PREVIOUS</button>
-    <button type="button" data-awareness-action="focus">FOCUS</button>
-    <button type="button" data-awareness-action="next" title="Next — nearest unvisited contact in the 250 km window"${parts.navigation.canNavigateNext() ? '' : ' disabled'}>NEXT</button>
+    return `<div class="military-awareness-controls" role="group" aria-label="${t('layers.awareness.controlsAria')}">
+    <button type="button" data-awareness-action="previous" title="${t('layers.awareness.previousTitle')}"${canPrevious ? '' : ' disabled'}>${t('layers.awareness.previous')}</button>
+    <button type="button" data-awareness-action="focus">${t('layers.awareness.focus')}</button>
+    <button type="button" data-awareness-action="next" title="${t('layers.awareness.nextTitle')}"${parts.navigation.canNavigateNext() ? '' : ' disabled'}>${t('layers.awareness.next')}</button>
   </div>`;
   }
 
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     ${namedAreasHtml(subject.memberNames)}
     ${navigationControlsHtml()}
     ${cohorts.map(rowHtml).join('')}
-    <p class="military-awareness-note" tabindex="-1" data-awareness-focus-continuation>Open-source mapped/observed context. Missing broadcasts, unloaded map areas, or unmapped sites are not evidence of absence.</p>`;
+    <p class="military-awareness-note" tabindex="-1" data-awareness-focus-continuation>${t('layers.awareness.note')}</p>`;
     panel.hidden = false;
     if (layerState.panelMarkup !== markup) {
       const focusSnapshot = captureAwarenessPanelFocus(panel);
diff --git a/src/layers/awareness/rendering.js b/src/layers/awareness/rendering.js
index 471c11b51..487d010be 100644
--- a/src/layers/awareness/rendering.js
+++ b/src/layers/awareness/rendering.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   createCyberSonarSampler,
   isCyberContactSonarActive as isCyberSonarActive,
@@ -137,7 +138,9 @@ export function createRendering({
       '--compass-rotation',
       `${-headingDeg}deg`,
     );
-    layerState.compassHeading.textContent = `HDG ${String(headingDeg).padStart(3, '0')}°`;
+    layerState.compassHeading.textContent = t('layers.awareness.hdg', {
+      value: String(headingDeg).padStart(3, '0'),
+    });
     layerState.compassHeading.style.left = `${geometry.centerX}px`;
     layerState.compassHeading.style.top = `${geometry.centerY - compassRadius + 39}px`;
     for (const label of layerState.compassLabels) {
@@ -221,10 +224,14 @@ export function createRendering({
             )
           : null;
       const bearingText = Number.isFinite(bearing)
-        ? `BRG ${String(Math.round(bearing)).padStart(3, '0')}°`
-        : 'BRG —';
+        ? t('layers.awareness.brg', {
+            value: String(Math.round(bearing)).padStart(3, '0'),
+          })
+        : t('layers.awareness.brgUnknown');
       const courseText = Number.isFinite(item.track)
-        ? ` · CRS ${String(Math.round(item.track)).padStart(3, '0')}°`
+        ? ` · ${t('layers.awareness.crs', {
+            value: String(Math.round(item.track)).padStart(3, '0'),
+          })}`
         : '';
       marker._label.textContent = `${label} · ${formatAwarenessDistance(item.distanceM)}\n${bearingText}${courseText}`;
       marker.hidden = false;
diff --git a/src/layers/awareness/subject.js b/src/layers/awareness/subject.js
index 383eee24a..f29179bd5 100644
--- a/src/layers/awareness/subject.js
+++ b/src/layers/awareness/subject.js
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import {
   AWARENESS_RELATIONSHIP,
 } from '../../data/militaryAwarenessEngine.js';
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   AWARENESS_QUERY_LIMIT,
   SOURCE_LABEL,
@@ -10,6 +11,21 @@ import {
   AWARENESS_PAGE_SIZE,
 } from './policy.js';
 
+// installations/controls.js getStats composes coverageLabel inside the layer
+// model (machine-composed English, pinned by militaryInstallations.test.mjs).
+// This is the presentation boundary: map the closed vocabulary to the
+// catalog, passing anything unknown through verbatim (docs/TRANSLATORS.md).
+const WITHIN_KM_RE = /^WITHIN (\d+) KM$/;
+
+function localizeCoverageLabel(label) {
+  if (typeof label !== 'string' || !label) return label;
+  if (label === 'CURRENT VIEWPORT ONLY')
+    return t('layers.awareness.coverage.viewport');
+  const within = WITHIN_KM_RE.exec(label);
+  if (within) return t('layers.awareness.coverage.within', { km: within[1] });
+  return label;
+}
+
 export function createSubject({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
   const aisLiveVesselsLayer = services.vessels;
   const militaryInstallationsLayer = services.installations;
@@ -66,7 +82,7 @@ export function createSubject({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       cohorts: [
         {
           id: 'flights',
-          label: 'Flights',
+          label: t('layers.awareness.cohort.flights'),
           source: flightsState.stats.source || SOURCE_LABEL.flights,
           summary: parts.navigation.summarizeAwarenessCohortForNavigation(
             flights,
@@ -75,7 +91,7 @@ export function createSubject({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         },
         {
           id: 'military',
-          label: 'Military flights',
+          label: t('layers.awareness.cohort.military'),
           source: militaryState.stats.source || SOURCE_LABEL.military,
           summary: parts.navigation.summarizeAwarenessCohortForNavigation(
             military,
@@ -84,7 +100,7 @@ export function createSubject({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         },
         {
           id: 'ais-live-vessels',
-          label: 'AIS vessels',
+          label: t('layers.awareness.cohort.vessels'),
           source: vesselsState.stats.source || SOURCE_LABEL['ais-live-vessels'],
           summary: parts.navigation.summarizeAwarenessCohortForNavigation(
             vessels,
@@ -93,12 +109,13 @@ export function createSubject({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         },
         {
           id: 'military-installations',
-          label: 'Mapped installations',
+          label: t('layers.awareness.cohort.installations'),
           source:
             installationsState.stats.source ||
             SOURCE_LABEL['military-installations'],
           coverage:
-            installationsState.stats.coverageLabel || 'CURRENT VIEWPORT ONLY',
+            localizeCoverageLabel(installationsState.stats.coverageLabel) ||
+            t('layers.awareness.coverage.viewport'),
           summary: parts.queries.summarizeInstallationViewport(
             installations,
             installationsState,
diff --git a/src/layers/bikeshare/controls.js b/src/layers/bikeshare/controls.js
index bfeccf924..bd3597021 100644
--- a/src/layers/bikeshare/controls.js
+++ b/src/layers/bikeshare/controls.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { STATUS_POLL_MS } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
@@ -34,8 +35,10 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       if (layerState._loading) {
         stats.loadingLabel =
           layerState._activeCityIds.size > 0
-            ? `syncing ${layerState._activeCityIds.size} city feeds...`
-            : 'scanning nearby systems...';
+            ? t('layers.bike.loadingSyncing', {
+                count: layerState._activeCityIds.size,
+              })
+            : t('layers.bike.loadingScanning');
       }
       if (layerState._error) stats.error = layerState._error;
       return stats;
diff --git a/src/layers/bikeshare/selection.js b/src/layers/bikeshare/selection.js
index 0c948281b..4151f35bf 100644
--- a/src/layers/bikeshare/selection.js
+++ b/src/layers/bikeshare/selection.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { isPointerFree } from '../../data/inputOwnership.js';
 import {
   BIKESHARE_SELECTED_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID,
@@ -22,7 +23,9 @@ export function createSelection({
     const stationName = String(record?.stationName || '').trim();
     const stationLabel =
       stationName ||
-      (record?.stationId ? `Station ${record.stationId}` : 'Station');
+      (record?.stationId
+        ? t('layers.bike.stationWithId', { id: record.stationId })
+        : t('layers.bike.stationFallback'));
     const bikes = Number.isFinite(record?.bikesAvailable)
       ? record.bikesAvailable
       : '?';
@@ -33,14 +36,17 @@ export function createSelection({
 
     const lines = [
       stationLabel,
-      `🚲 ${bikes} avail · ${docks} docks · ${capacity} cap`,
+      t('layers.bike.card.capacity', { bikes, docks, capacity }),
     ];
 
     // Append warnings for stations that are offline or partially non-operational
     const abnormal = [];
-    if (record?.isInstalled === false) abnormal.push('⚠️ Not installed');
-    if (record?.isRenting === false) abnormal.push('⚠️ Not renting');
-    if (record?.isReturning === false) abnormal.push('⚠️ Not returning');
+    if (record?.isInstalled === false)
+      abnormal.push(t('layers.bike.warning.notInstalled'));
+    if (record?.isRenting === false)
+      abnormal.push(t('layers.bike.warning.notRenting'));
+    if (record?.isReturning === false)
+      abnormal.push(t('layers.bike.warning.notReturning'));
     if (abnormal.length > 0) {
       lines.push(abnormal.join(' · '));
     }
diff --git a/src/layers/cctv/headingConfidence.js b/src/layers/cctv/headingConfidence.js
index a42297e28..1ff473480 100644
--- a/src/layers/cctv/headingConfidence.js
+++ b/src/layers/cctv/headingConfidence.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+
 /**
  * @module headingConfidence
  *
@@ -43,5 +45,9 @@ export function isHeadingEstimated(camera) {
  */
 export function headingHudToken(camera) {
   const hdg = Math.round(Number(camera?.headingDeg) || 0);
-  return `HDG ${hdg}°${isHeadingEstimated(camera) ? ' (ESTIMATED)' : ''}`;
+  // The token copy lives in the layers catalog (en is byte-identical to the
+  // literals these replace); presentation stays here, translation at read.
+  return isHeadingEstimated(camera)
+    ? t('layers.cctv.summary.hdgEstimated', { value: hdg })
+    : t('layers.cctv.summary.hdg', { value: hdg });
 }
diff --git a/src/layers/cctv/presentation.js b/src/layers/cctv/presentation.js
index f8f83fcd1..2a3d6fde5 100644
--- a/src/layers/cctv/presentation.js
+++ b/src/layers/cctv/presentation.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { CCTV_AMBIENT_CARD_MAX } from '../../data/cctvLod.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { ACTIVE_FRAME_REFRESH_MS, IDLE_FRAME_REFRESH_MS } from './policy.js';
 import { headingHudToken, isHeadingEstimated } from './headingConfidence.js';
 
@@ -19,8 +20,10 @@ export function createPresentation({
     const active = parts.selection.getActiveRecord();
     if (!active) {
       return layerState._records.length
-        ? `${layerState._records.length} CAMERAS STANDING BY · NO CAMERA SELECTED · CLICK A CAMERA TO ACTIVATE`
-        : 'No cameras available in catalog.';
+        ? t('layers.cctv.summary.standingBy', {
+            count: layerState._records.length,
+          })
+        : t('layers.cctv.summary.empty');
     }
 
     const area = parts.model.sectorAreaKm2(
@@ -34,21 +37,37 @@ export function createPresentation({
     const calBadge = parts.calibration.deriveCalBadge(active.camera);
 
     return [
-      `${active.camera.city.toUpperCase()} CCTV`,
+      t('layers.cctv.summary.city', {
+        city: active.camera.city.toUpperCase(),
+      }),
       `${active.camera.name.toUpperCase()}`,
       // A synthetic bearing (headingConfidence 'low', no human calibration)
       // is tagged so a hashed guess never reads as a surveyed facing (#639).
       headingHudToken(active.camera),
-      `FOV ${Math.round(active.camera.fovDeg)}°`,
-      `COVERAGE ${area.toFixed(2)}km²`,
-      overlapCount > 0 ? `OVERLAP ${overlapCount} cams` : 'ISOLATED VIEW',
-      `PROJ ${layerState._showProjection ? 'MONITOR' : 'OFF'}`,
-      layerState._coverageMode === 'viewshed' ? 'VIEWSHED' : null,
-      `CAL ${calBadge.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase()}`,
+      t('layers.cctv.summary.fov', {
+        value: Math.round(active.camera.fovDeg),
+      }),
+      t('layers.cctv.summary.coverage', { value: area.toFixed(2) }),
+      overlapCount > 0
+        ? t('layers.cctv.summary.overlap', { count: overlapCount })
+        : t('layers.cctv.summary.isolated'),
+      layerState._showProjection
+        ? t('layers.cctv.summary.projMonitor')
+        : t('layers.cctv.summary.projOff'),
+      layerState._coverageMode === 'viewshed'
+        ? t('layers.cctv.summary.viewshed')
+        : null,
+      t('layers.cctv.summary.cal', {
+        value: calBadge.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase(),
+      }),
       health?.sourceKind
-        ? `SRC ${String(health.sourceKind).toUpperCase()}`
-        : `SRC ${String(active.camera.feedType || 'image').toUpperCase()}`,
-      `${viewBand.toUpperCase()} CONTEXT`,
+        ? t('layers.cctv.summary.src', {
+            value: String(health.sourceKind).toUpperCase(),
+          })
+        : t('layers.cctv.summary.src', {
+            value: String(active.camera.feedType || 'image').toUpperCase(),
+          }),
+      t('layers.cctv.summary.context', { value: viewBand.toUpperCase() }),
     ]
       .filter(Boolean)
       .join(' · ');
diff --git a/src/layers/firms/cards.js b/src/layers/firms/cards.js
index 6b8a72ab6..fcecf856b 100644
--- a/src/layers/firms/cards.js
+++ b/src/layers/firms/cards.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   FIRMS_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID,
   FIRMS_AMBIENT_COHORT_LIMIT,
@@ -115,7 +116,10 @@ export function createCards({
         if (!card.interactive) return card;
         return {
           ...card,
-          accessibilityLabel: `Focus fire detection ${card.title}, ${card.details.join(', ')}`,
+          accessibilityLabel: t('layers.firms.card.focusAria', {
+            title: card.title,
+            details: card.details.join(', '),
+          }),
           activate: () => {
             const fire = layerState._fireByCardId.get(card.id);
             if (!fire) return false;
diff --git a/src/layers/firms/model.js b/src/layers/firms/model.js
index 563a2d735..4e3919b43 100644
--- a/src/layers/firms/model.js
+++ b/src/layers/firms/model.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   satelliteShortName,
   fireDetectionKey,
@@ -327,14 +328,20 @@ export function createModel({
    */
 
   function buildSelectedFireCard(fire, nowMs) {
-    const meta = [`${confidenceBucket(fire.confidence)} conf`];
+    const meta = [
+      t('layers.firms.card.confSuffix', {
+        value: confidenceBucket(fire.confidence),
+      }),
+    ];
     if (fire.acqMs > 0) {
       const age = formatAge(nowMs - fire.acqMs);
-      if (age) meta.push(`${age} ago`);
+      if (age) meta.push(t('layers.firms.card.ageSuffix', { value: age }));
     }
     const sat = satelliteShortName(fire.satellite);
     meta.push(
-      sat ? `${fire.sensor || 'VIIRS'} ${sat}` : fire.sensor || 'sensor n/a',
+      sat
+        ? `${fire.sensor || 'VIIRS'} ${sat}`
+        : fire.sensor || t('layers.firms.card.sensorUnavailable'),
     );
     return {
       id: `selected-fire:${fireDetectionKey(fire)}`,
@@ -344,10 +351,11 @@ export function createModel({
       cullPosition: fireCullPosition(fire),
       gapPx: frpPixelSize(fire.frp),
       accent: accentForSeverity(detectionColorStop(fire).name),
-      title: `FIRE · ${formatFrp(fire.frp)} MW`,
+      title: t('layers.firms.card.fire', { frp: formatFrp(fire.frp) }),
       details: [
         meta.join(' · '),
-        formatLatLon(fire.lat, fire.lon) + (fire.night ? ' · NIGHT' : ''),
+        formatLatLon(fire.lat, fire.lon) +
+          (fire.night ? ` · ${t('layers.firms.card.night')}` : ''),
       ],
       selected: true,
       priority: Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER,
@@ -380,7 +388,7 @@ export function createModel({
       cullPosition: candidate.cullPosition || candidate.position,
       gapPx: frpPixelSize(fire.frp),
       accent: accentForSeverity(detectionColorStop(fire).name),
-      title: `▲ ${formatFrp(fire.frp)} MW`,
+      title: t('layers.firms.card.ambient', { frp: formatFrp(fire.frp) }),
       details: [meta.join(' · ')],
       selected: false,
       priority: Number(fire.frp) || 0,
@@ -398,11 +406,16 @@ export function createModel({
 
   function buildCellCard(candidate, nowMs) {
     const cell = candidate.cell;
-    const noun = cell.count === 1 ? 'FIRE' : 'FIRES';
-    const parts = [`max ${formatFrp(cell.maxFrp)} MW`];
+    const noun =
+      cell.count === 1
+        ? t('layers.firms.card.fireNoun')
+        : t('layers.firms.card.firesNoun');
+    const parts = [
+      t('layers.firms.card.maxFrp', { value: formatFrp(cell.maxFrp) }),
+    ];
     if (cell.newestAcqMs > 0) {
       const age = formatAge(nowMs - cell.newestAcqMs);
-      if (age) parts.push(`new ${age}`);
+      if (age) parts.push(t('layers.firms.card.newAge', { value: age }));
     }
     return {
       id: `cell:${cell.latCell ?? 'x'}:${cell.lonCell ?? 'x'}`,
@@ -488,11 +501,12 @@ export function createModel({
   /** Millisecond delta → "<1m ago" / "Xm ago" / "Xh ago" (fresh-feed readout). */
 
   function formatAgoMinutes(deltaMs) {
-    if (!Number.isFinite(deltaMs) || deltaMs < 0) return 'just now';
+    if (!Number.isFinite(deltaMs) || deltaMs < 0)
+      return t('layers.meta.justNow');
     const minutes = Math.floor(deltaMs / 60000);
-    if (minutes < 1) return '<1m ago';
-    if (minutes < 90) return `${minutes}m ago`;
-    return `${Math.round(minutes / 60)}h ago`;
+    if (minutes < 1) return t('layers.firms.underMinuteAgo');
+    if (minutes < 90) return t('layers.meta.minutesAgo', { count: minutes });
+    return t('layers.meta.hoursAgo', { count: Math.round(minutes / 60) });
   }
 
   /** Normalized 0..1 confidence → low/nominal/high display bucket. */
diff --git a/src/layers/firms/queries.js b/src/layers/firms/queries.js
index 7c7e3642c..47800787c 100644
--- a/src/layers/firms/queries.js
+++ b/src/layers/firms/queries.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { fireDetectionKey } from '../../data/firmsLabels.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createQueries({
@@ -59,21 +60,26 @@ export function createQueries({
     getStats() {
       const now = Date.now();
       const staleText = layerState._lastUpdate
-        ? `STALE · cached ${components.model.formatAge(now - layerState._lastUpdate) || '<1h'}`
-        : 'STALE';
+        ? t('layers.firms.staleCached', {
+            age:
+              components.model.formatAge(now - layerState._lastUpdate) || '<1h',
+          })
+        : t('layers.status.stale');
       let loadingLabel = '';
       if (layerState._loading) {
         loadingLabel = layerState._fires.length
-          ? 'refreshing...'
-          : 'loading...';
+          ? t('layers.meta.refreshing')
+          : t('layers.meta.loading');
       } else if (layerState._keyRequired) {
-        loadingLabel = 'KEY REQUIRED';
+        loadingLabel = t('layers.firms.keyRequired');
       } else if (layerState._stale) {
         loadingLabel = staleText;
       } else if (layerState._error) {
         loadingLabel = layerState._error;
       } else if (layerState._lastUpdate) {
-        loadingLabel = `LIVE · updated ${components.model.formatAgoMinutes(now - layerState._lastUpdate)}`;
+        loadingLabel = t('layers.firms.liveUpdated', {
+          age: components.model.formatAgoMinutes(now - layerState._lastUpdate),
+        });
       }
       return {
         count: layerState._count,
@@ -87,7 +93,7 @@ export function createQueries({
         // the operator can take.
         keyRequired: layerState._keyRequired,
         error: layerState._keyRequired
-          ? 'KEY REQUIRED'
+          ? t('layers.firms.keyRequired')
           : layerState._stale
             ? staleText
             : layerState._error,
diff --git a/src/layers/flights/tracking.js b/src/layers/flights/tracking.js
index 7a2bbcfeb..dc9bf17fc 100644
--- a/src/layers/flights/tracking.js
+++ b/src/layers/flights/tracking.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { nextCockpitNearContacts } from '../../data/cockpitAirLod.js';
 import { trackedModelZoomActive } from '../../data/trackedModelRegime.js';
 import {
@@ -755,7 +756,7 @@ export function createTracking({
     const spd = info.velocity ? `${Math.round(info.velocity * 1.944)} kts` : '';
     const stale =
       flightState.records.missingPolls.get(icao24) || flightState.feed._backoff
-        ? 'STALE'
+        ? t('layers.status.stale')
         : '';
     const lines = [[cs, fl, spd, stale].filter(Boolean).join(' · ')];
     // Converted contacts report their class as TR-3B and nothing else — the
diff --git a/src/layers/installations/controls.js b/src/layers/installations/controls.js
index 4567bf3c0..2b07899c2 100644
--- a/src/layers/installations/controls.js
+++ b/src/layers/installations/controls.js
@@ -5,6 +5,53 @@ import {
   DISTANCE_PREFILTER_MARGIN_M,
   ANCHOR_REFRESH_M,
 } from './policy.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+
+// installationFeedback.js composes its guidance inside the portable
+// node/browser graph (the server-side HUD summary reads the same module), so
+// its copy stays English there. getStats is the browser presentation
+// boundary: map the closed message vocabulary to the catalog, passing any
+// live provider error through verbatim (docs/TRANSLATORS.md).
+const INSTALLATION_FEEDBACK_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  'Retrying mapped sites…': 'layers.installations.feedback.retrying',
+  'Fetching mapped sites…': 'layers.installations.feedback.fetching',
+  'Zoom in to search mapped installations':
+    'layers.installations.feedback.zoomIn',
+  'Showing cached mapped sites': 'layers.installations.feedback.cached',
+  'Mapped sites not loaded': 'layers.installations.feedback.notLoaded',
+  'Mapped sites loaded': 'layers.installations.feedback.loaded',
+  'Overpass rate-limited': 'layers.installations.feedback.reason.rateLimited',
+  'Overpass timed out': 'layers.installations.feedback.reason.timeout',
+  'Overpass could not complete the query':
+    'layers.installations.feedback.reason.queryFailed',
+  'Overpass temporarily unavailable':
+    'layers.installations.feedback.reason.unavailable',
+});
+
+const INSTALLATION_RETRY_IN_RE = /^(.*) — retrying in (\d+)s$/;
+const INSTALLATION_RETRY_PENDING_RE = /^(.*) — retry pending$/;
+
+function localizeInstallationFeedback(message) {
+  if (typeof message !== 'string' || !message) return message;
+  const key = INSTALLATION_FEEDBACK_KEYS[message];
+  if (key) return t(key);
+  const retryIn = message.match(INSTALLATION_RETRY_IN_RE);
+  if (retryIn) {
+    const reasonKey = INSTALLATION_FEEDBACK_KEYS[retryIn[1]];
+    return t('layers.installations.feedback.retryIn', {
+      reason: reasonKey ? t(reasonKey) : retryIn[1],
+      seconds: retryIn[2],
+    });
+  }
+  const pending = message.match(INSTALLATION_RETRY_PENDING_RE);
+  if (pending) {
+    const reasonKey = INSTALLATION_FEEDBACK_KEYS[pending[1]];
+    return t('layers.installations.feedback.retryPending', {
+      reason: reasonKey ? t(reasonKey) : pending[1],
+    });
+  }
+  return message;
+}
 
 export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
   const methods = {
@@ -196,13 +243,15 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         retryAt: layerState.retryAt,
         retrying: layerState.loading && Boolean(layerState.failureReason),
         failureReason: layerState.failureReason,
-        statusMessage: installationFeedback({
-          ...layerState,
-          count: layerState.lastUpdate ? mappedCount : undefined,
-          retrying: layerState.loading && Boolean(layerState.failureReason),
-        }),
+        statusMessage: localizeInstallationFeedback(
+          installationFeedback({
+            ...layerState,
+            count: layerState.lastUpdate ? mappedCount : undefined,
+            retrying: layerState.loading && Boolean(layerState.failureReason),
+          }),
+        ),
         loadingLabel: layerState.loading
-          ? 'loading mapped installation context'
+          ? t('layers.installations.loading')
           : '',
         coverage: layerState.coverage,
         coverageLabel:
diff --git a/src/layers/installations/rendering.js b/src/layers/installations/rendering.js
index be7e29d75..1cdd19d8a 100644
--- a/src/layers/installations/rendering.js
+++ b/src/layers/installations/rendering.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { LAYER_ID, MAX_RENDERED, COLOR_BY_CLASS } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createRendering({
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ export function createRendering({
       entity.gevTrackedId = `installations:${record.id}`;
       entity.gevDisplayPosition = () => displayPosition;
       entity.gevLabelModel = {
-        title: record.name || 'MAPPED INSTALLATION',
+        title: record.name || t('layers.installations.fallbackTitle'),
         details: [
           String(record.class || 'installation')
             .replaceAll('_', ' ')
diff --git a/src/layers/launches/overlays.js b/src/layers/launches/overlays.js
index 682007e84..4293f825e 100644
--- a/src/layers/launches/overlays.js
+++ b/src/layers/launches/overlays.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   createCyberSonarSampler,
   isCyberContactSonarActive as isCyberSonarActive,
@@ -119,8 +120,10 @@ export function createOverlays({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     const details = selected
       ? [
           siteName
-            ? `LAUNCH SITE · ${shortMissionLabel(siteName, 20).toUpperCase()}`
-            : 'LAUNCH SITE',
+            ? t('layers.missions.launchSiteValue', {
+                site: shortMissionLabel(siteName, 20).toUpperCase(),
+              })
+            : t('layers.missions.launchSite'),
         ]
       : [];
     return {
@@ -586,27 +589,38 @@ export function createOverlays({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     const mission = shortMissionLabel(launch.name, 22).toUpperCase();
     const siteName = compactLaunchSiteName(launch.launchSite);
     const siteCallout = siteName
-      ? `LAUNCH SITE · ${shortMissionLabel(siteName, 20).toUpperCase()}`
-      : 'LAUNCH SITE';
+      ? t('layers.missions.launchSiteValue', {
+          site: shortMissionLabel(siteName, 20).toUpperCase(),
+        })
+      : t('layers.missions.launchSite');
     let title = mission;
     let detail = siteCallout;
     if (mode === 'countdown') {
-      title = `T−${String(state.countdownSeconds).padStart(2, '0')} · ${mission}`;
-      detail = `LAUNCH STANDBY\n${siteCallout}`;
+      title = t('layers.missions.replay.countdown', {
+        time: String(state.countdownSeconds).padStart(2, '0'),
+        mission,
+      });
+      detail = `${t('layers.missions.replay.standbyDetail')}\n${siteCallout}`;
     } else if (mode === 'ascent') {
       title =
         state.elapsedSinceStart < 1
-          ? `LIFTOFF · ${mission}`
-          : `${launch.trajectory.length > 1 ? 'ASCENT REPLAY' : 'ASCENT ESTIMATE'} · ${mission}`;
+          ? t('layers.missions.replay.liftoff', { mission })
+          : t(
+              launch.trajectory.length > 1
+                ? 'layers.missions.replay.ascentReplay'
+                : 'layers.missions.replay.ascentEstimate',
+              { mission },
+            );
       detail = parts.policyHelpers.formatMissionEventTime(state.eventTime);
     } else if (mode === 'recovery') {
-      title = `STAGE RE-ENTRY / RECOVERY · ${mission}`;
+      title = t('layers.missions.replay.recovery', { mission });
       detail = parts.policyHelpers.formatMissionEventTime(state.eventTime);
     } else if (mode === 'orbit') {
-      title = `ORBIT REPLAY · ${mission}`;
+      title = t('layers.missions.replay.orbit', { mission });
       detail = parts.policyHelpers.formatMissionEventTime(state.eventTime);
     }
-    if (layerState._replayPaused) title = `PAUSED · ${title}`;
+    if (layerState._replayPaused)
+      title = t('layers.missions.replay.pausedPrefix', { title });
     const nextText = `${title}\n${detail}`;
     if (nextText !== layerState._replayVehicleOverlayText) {
       layerState._replayVehicleOverlayText = nextText;
diff --git a/src/layers/launches/panel.js b/src/layers/launches/panel.js
index c97077d42..ef83fd88d 100644
--- a/src/layers/launches/panel.js
+++ b/src/layers/launches/panel.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   MISSION_CLOSE_VIEW_RANGE_M,
   MISSION_GLOBE_VIEW_RANGE_M,
@@ -219,34 +220,42 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
           ]
             .filter(Boolean)
             .join(' · ');
-          return `<tr><td>${escapeMissionText(payload.name)}${payload.amount > 1 ? ` ×${payload.amount}` : ''}${detail ? `<small>${escapeMissionText(detail)}</small>` : ''}</td><td>${escapeMissionText(payload.type || 'UNSPECIFIED')}</td><td>${escapeMissionText(payload.destination || launch.orbit?.name || 'UNAVAILABLE')}</td></tr>`;
+          return `<tr><td>${escapeMissionText(payload.name)}${payload.amount > 1 ? ` ×${payload.amount}` : ''}${detail ? `<small>${escapeMissionText(detail)}</small>` : ''}</td><td>${escapeMissionText(payload.type || t('layers.missions.rows.unspecified'))}</td><td>${escapeMissionText(payload.destination || launch.orbit?.name || t('layers.missions.rows.unavailable'))}</td></tr>`;
         })
       : [];
     if (launch.payloads.length > 5) {
       payloadRows.push(
-        `<tr><td colspan="3" class="mission-table-empty">+${launch.payloads.length - 5} additional payload records</td></tr>`,
+        `<tr><td colspan="3" class="mission-table-empty">${t('layers.missions.rows.additionalPayloads', { count: launch.payloads.length - 5 })}</td></tr>`,
       );
     }
     layerState._missionPanel.querySelector(
       '[data-mission-payloads]',
-    ).innerHTML = missionTableRows(payloadRows, 3, 'PAYLOAD DATA UNAVAILABLE');
+    ).innerHTML = missionTableRows(
+      payloadRows,
+      3,
+      t('layers.missions.rows.classified'),
+    );
     const stageRows = launch.recoveryStages.map((stage) => {
       const endpoint = stage.endpoint;
       const destination =
         stage.destination ||
         (endpoint?.accuracy === 'PAD / RTLS'
           ? launch.launchSite
-          : 'UNAVAILABLE');
+          : t('layers.missions.rows.unavailable'));
       const position = endpoint
         ? `${endpoint.lat.toFixed(2)}, ${endpoint.lon.toFixed(2)} · ${endpoint.accuracy}`
         : stage.downrangeKm > 0
-          ? `${stage.downrangeKm.toLocaleString()} KM DOWNRANGE`
-          : 'POSITION UNAVAILABLE';
+          ? t('layers.missions.rows.kmDownrange', {
+              value: stage.downrangeKm.toLocaleString(),
+            })
+          : t('layers.missions.rows.positionUnavailable');
       const stageDetail = [
         Number.isFinite(stage.flightNumber)
-          ? `FLIGHT ${stage.flightNumber}`
+          ? t('layers.missions.rows.flightNumber', {
+              count: stage.flightNumber,
+            })
           : null,
-        stage.reused ? 'REUSED' : null,
+        stage.reused ? t('layers.missions.rows.reused') : null,
         stage.recoveryType,
       ]
         .filter(Boolean)
@@ -254,7 +263,7 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       return `<tr><td>${escapeMissionText(stage.name)}${stageDetail ? `<small>${escapeMissionText(stageDetail)}</small>` : ''}</td><td>${escapeMissionText(stage.status)}</td><td>${escapeMissionText(destination)}<small>${escapeMissionText(position)}</small></td></tr>`;
     });
     layerState._missionPanel.querySelector('[data-mission-stages]').innerHTML =
-      missionTableRows(stageRows, 3, 'NO STAGE RE-ENTRY / RECOVERY DATA');
+      missionTableRows(stageRows, 3, t('layers.missions.rows.noStageData'));
     const stageSection = layerState._missionPanel.querySelector(
       '[data-mission-stages-section]',
     );
@@ -281,7 +290,10 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     const count = layerState._missionRoster.querySelector(
       '[data-mission-roster-count]',
     );
-    if (count) count.textContent = `${layerState._launches.length} / 30D`;
+    if (count)
+      count.textContent = t('layers.missions.roster.count', {
+        count: layerState._launches.length,
+      });
     if (!list) return;
     const focusSnapshot = captureMissionRosterFocus(list);
     layerState._missionRosterPreviewOwnership?.reset();
@@ -289,8 +301,7 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       layerState._launches,
     );
     if (!entries.length) {
-      list.innerHTML =
-        '<div class="space-mission-roster-empty">NO MISSIONS AVAILABLE IN THE CURRENT 30-DAY WINDOW</div>';
+      list.innerHTML = `<div class="space-mission-roster-empty">${t('layers.missions.roster.empty')}</div>`;
       restoreMissionRosterFocus(
         list,
         focusSnapshot,
@@ -303,12 +314,15 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     list.innerHTML = entries
       .map(({ launch, index }) => {
         const color = parts.model.missionMarkerColor(launch).toCssColorString();
-        const date = launch.launchTime?.slice(0, 10) || 'DATE UNAVAILABLE';
-        const provider = launch.provider || 'UNSPECIFIED OPERATOR';
+        const date =
+          launch.launchTime?.slice(0, 10) ||
+          t('layers.missions.roster.dateUnavailable');
+        const provider =
+          launch.provider || t('layers.missions.roster.unspecifiedOperator');
         const label = parts.overlays
           .shortMissionLabel(launch.name, 27)
           .toUpperCase();
-        return `<button type="button" class="space-mission-roster-item" data-mission-roster-index="${index}" data-mission-roster-id="${escapeMissionText(launch.id)}" aria-label="Select ${escapeMissionText(label)}"><span class="space-mission-roster-marker" style="--mission-roster-color:${color}" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="space-mission-roster-copy"><strong>${escapeMissionText(label)}</strong><small>${escapeMissionText(provider)} · ${escapeMissionText(date)}</small></span><span class="space-mission-roster-chevron" aria-hidden="true">›</span></button>`;
+        return `<button type="button" class="space-mission-roster-item" data-mission-roster-index="${index}" data-mission-roster-id="${escapeMissionText(launch.id)}" aria-label="${escapeMissionText(t('layers.missions.roster.selectAria', { mission: label }))}"><span class="space-mission-roster-marker" style="--mission-roster-color:${color}" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="space-mission-roster-copy"><strong>${escapeMissionText(label)}</strong><small>${escapeMissionText(provider)} · ${escapeMissionText(date)}</small></span><span class="space-mission-roster-chevron" aria-hidden="true">›</span></button>`;
       })
       .join('');
     list.querySelectorAll('[data-mission-roster-index]').forEach((button) => {
@@ -365,7 +379,11 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     setMissionPanelField(
       '[data-mission-distance]',
       Number.isFinite(altitudeM)
-        ? `${Math.max(0, altitudeM / 1000).toLocaleString(undefined, { maximumFractionDigits: 0 })} KM`
+        ? t('layers.missions.telemetry.km', {
+            value: Math.max(0, altitudeM / 1000).toLocaleString(undefined, {
+              maximumFractionDigits: 0,
+            }),
+          })
         : null,
     );
     const speedMps = layerState._satelliteTelemetry.get(
@@ -374,7 +392,12 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     setMissionPanelField(
       '[data-mission-speed]',
       Number.isFinite(speedMps)
-        ? `${(speedMps / 1000).toLocaleString(undefined, { minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2 })} KM/S`
+        ? t('layers.missions.telemetry.kmPerSecond', {
+            value: (speedMps / 1000).toLocaleString(undefined, {
+              minimumFractionDigits: 2,
+              maximumFractionDigits: 2,
+            }),
+          })
         : null,
       Number.isFinite(speedMps)
         ? `${(speedMps * 3.6).toLocaleString(undefined, { maximumFractionDigits: 0 })} km/h`
@@ -450,16 +473,16 @@ export function createPanel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     layerState._missionPanel.className = 'context-space-mission-detail';
     layerState._missionPanel.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      'Selected Space Mission',
+      t('layers.missions.panel.selectedHeader'),
     );
-    layerState._missionPanel.innerHTML = `<div class="space-mission-view-header"><span>SELECTED SPACE MISSION</span><button type="button" data-mission-close title="Show all missions" aria-label="Deselect mission">×</button></div><div class="space-mission-detail"><strong data-mission-title>MISSION</strong><span data-mission-field data-mission-provider></span><span data-mission-field>STATUS · <b data-mission-status></b></span><span data-mission-field>LAUNCH SITE · <b data-mission-site></b></span><span data-mission-field>LAUNCH TIME · <b data-mission-time></b></span><span data-mission-field>ORBIT · <b data-mission-orbit></b></span><span>ASCENT PATH · <b data-mission-ascent-source></b></span><span data-mission-field>CURRENT DISTANCE FROM EARTH · <b data-mission-distance></b></span><span data-mission-field>SATELLITE SPEED · <b data-mission-speed></b></span></div><section class="mission-data-section"><h4>PAYLOAD</h4><div class="mission-table-scroll"><table class="mission-data-table"><thead><tr><th>NAME</th><th>TYPE</th><th>DESTINATION</th></tr></thead><tbody data-mission-payloads></tbody></table></div></section><section class="mission-data-section" data-mission-stages-section><h4>STAGE / RE-ENTRY / RECOVERY</h4><div class="mission-table-scroll"><table class="mission-data-table"><thead><tr><th>STAGE</th><th>STATUS</th><th>FINAL POSITION</th></tr></thead><tbody data-mission-stages></tbody></table></div></section><div class="mission-replay-speed-control"><div class="mission-replay-speed-header"><label for="space-mission-replay-speed">REPLAY SPEED</label><output class="gev-slider-value" for="space-mission-replay-speed" data-mission-replay-speed-output>1×</output></div><input id="space-mission-replay-speed" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0.25" max="4" step="0.25" value="1" data-mission-replay-speed aria-label="Replay speed multiplier"><div class="mission-replay-speed-scale" aria-hidden="true"><span>0.25×</span><span>1×</span><span>4×</span></div></div><div class="mission-action-row"><button type="button" class="mission-focus-button" data-mission-focus>FOCUS</button><button type="button" class="mission-replay-button" data-mission-replay aria-pressed="false">REPLAY ASCENT</button></div><div class="space-mission-nav"><button type="button" class="mission-nav-button" data-mission-prev title="Previous mission"><span aria-hidden="true">‹</span> PREV</button><span class="mission-nav-index" data-mission-index>—</span><button type="button" class="mission-nav-button" data-mission-next title="Next mission">NEXT <span aria-hidden="true">›</span></button></div><button type="button" class="panel-layer-toggle" data-mission-show-all>SHOW ALL / DESELECT</button>`;
+    layerState._missionPanel.innerHTML = `<div class="space-mission-view-header"><span>${t('layers.missions.panel.selectedHeader')}</span><button type="button" data-mission-close title="${t('layers.missions.panel.showAllTitle')}" aria-label="${t('layers.missions.panel.deselectAria')}">×</button></div><div class="space-mission-detail"><strong data-mission-title>${t('layers.missions.panel.mission')}</strong><span data-mission-field data-mission-provider></span><span data-mission-field>${t('layers.missions.panel.status')}<b data-mission-status></b></span><span data-mission-field>${t('layers.missions.panel.launchSite')}<b data-mission-site></b></span><span data-mission-field>${t('layers.missions.panel.launchTime')}<b data-mission-time></b></span><span data-mission-field>${t('layers.missions.panel.orbit')}<b data-mission-orbit></b></span><span>${t('layers.missions.panel.ascentPath')}<b data-mission-ascent-source></b></span><span data-mission-field>${t('layers.missions.panel.distance')}<b data-mission-distance></b></span><span data-mission-field>${t('layers.missions.panel.speed')}<b data-mission-speed></b></span></div><section class="mission-data-section"><h4>${t('layers.missions.panel.payload')}</h4><div class="mission-table-scroll"><table class="mission-data-table"><thead><tr><th>${t('layers.missions.panel.colName')}</th><th>${t('layers.missions.panel.colType')}</th><th>${t('layers.missions.panel.colDestination')}</th></tr></thead><tbody data-mission-payloads></tbody></table></div></section><section class="mission-data-section" data-mission-stages-section><h4>${t('layers.missions.panel.stagesSection')}</h4><div class="mission-table-scroll"><table class="mission-data-table"><thead><tr><th>${t('layers.missions.panel.colStage')}</th><th>${t('layers.missions.panel.colStatus')}</th><th>${t('layers.missions.panel.colFinalPosition')}</th></tr></thead><tbody data-mission-stages></tbody></table></div></section><div class="mission-replay-speed-control"><div class="mission-replay-speed-header"><label for="space-mission-replay-speed">${t('layers.missions.replay.speedLabel')}</label><output class="gev-slider-value" for="space-mission-replay-speed" data-mission-replay-speed-output>1×</output></div><input id="space-mission-replay-speed" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0.25" max="4" step="0.25" value="1" data-mission-replay-speed aria-label="${t('layers.missions.replay.speedAria')}"><div class="mission-replay-speed-scale" aria-hidden="true"><span>0.25×</span><span>1×</span><span>4×</span></div></div><div class="mission-action-row"><button type="button" class="mission-focus-button" data-mission-focus>${t('layers.missions.panel.focus')}</button><button type="button" class="mission-replay-button" data-mission-replay aria-pressed="false">${t('layers.missions.replay.start')}</button></div><div class="space-mission-nav"><button type="button" class="mission-nav-button" data-mission-prev title="${t('layers.missions.panel.prevTitle')}"><span aria-hidden="true">‹</span> ${t('layers.missions.panel.prev')}</button><span class="mission-nav-index" data-mission-index>—</span><button type="button" class="mission-nav-button" data-mission-next title="${t('layers.missions.panel.nextTitle')}">${t('layers.missions.panel.next')} <span aria-hidden="true">›</span></button></div><button type="button" class="panel-layer-toggle" data-mission-show-all>${t('layers.missions.panel.showAll')}</button>`;
     layerState._missionPanel
       .querySelector('.mission-action-row')
       .insertAdjacentHTML(
         'beforeend',
         `<div class="mission-replay-transport" data-mission-replay-transport hidden>
-      <button type="button" data-mission-replay-toggle title="Pause replay" aria-label="Pause replay">Ⅱ</button>
-      <button type="button" class="cancel" data-mission-replay-cancel title="Cancel replay" aria-label="Cancel replay"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button>
+      <button type="button" data-mission-replay-toggle title="${t('layers.missions.replay.pause')}" aria-label="${t('layers.missions.replay.pause')}">Ⅱ</button>
+      <button type="button" class="cancel" data-mission-replay-cancel title="${t('layers.missions.replay.cancel')}" aria-label="${t('layers.missions.replay.cancel')}"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button>
     </div>`,
       );
     host.appendChild(layerState._missionPanel);
diff --git a/src/layers/launches/paths.js b/src/layers/launches/paths.js
index 72819ffb8..54ebaa0f7 100644
--- a/src/layers/launches/paths.js
+++ b/src/layers/launches/paths.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   EARTH_ROTATION_RAD_PER_SEC,
   PROJECTED_ASCENT_ROTATION_SEC,
@@ -521,7 +522,7 @@ export function createPaths({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     return {
       lat: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(lat),
       lon: Cesium.Math.toDegrees(Cesium.Math.negativePiToPi(lon)),
-      accuracy: 'EST. DOWNRANGE',
+      accuracy: t('layers.missions.estDownrange'),
     };
   }
 
diff --git a/src/layers/launches/policyHelpers.js b/src/layers/launches/policyHelpers.js
index c3cf77c07..b4a21b9bc 100644
--- a/src/layers/launches/policyHelpers.js
+++ b/src/layers/launches/policyHelpers.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   SATELLITE_STANDALONE_DEFAULTS,
   LAUNCH_PAD_ZONE_MAX_CAMERA_HEIGHT_M,
@@ -76,14 +77,14 @@ export function createPolicyHelpers({
       : 0;
     return {
       orbit: orbitName
-        ? `${orbitAllowed ? '' : 'PLANNED · '}${orbitName}`
+        ? `${orbitAllowed ? '' : t('layers.missions.rows.plannedPrefix')}${orbitName}`
         : null,
       ascent:
         suppliedTrajectoryPoints > 1
-          ? 'SUPPLIED TRAJECTORY POINTS'
+          ? t('layers.missions.rows.suppliedTrajectory')
           : replayAvailable
-            ? 'RECONSTRUCTED ESTIMATE'
-            : 'UNAVAILABLE',
+            ? t('layers.missions.rows.reconstructedEstimate')
+            : t('layers.missions.rows.unavailable'),
       replayAvailable: Boolean(replayAvailable),
     };
   }
@@ -196,7 +197,8 @@ export function createPolicyHelpers({
 
   function formatMissionEventTime(launchTime) {
     const date = new Date(launchTime);
-    if (!launchTime || !Number.isFinite(date.getTime())) return 'UNAVAILABLE';
+    if (!launchTime || !Number.isFinite(date.getTime()))
+      return t('layers.missions.rows.unavailable');
     return `${date.toISOString().slice(0, 10)}\n${date.toISOString().slice(11, 19)} UTC`;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/layers/launches/replay.js b/src/layers/launches/replay.js
index e6cbff98b..eef5994b8 100644
--- a/src/layers/launches/replay.js
+++ b/src/layers/launches/replay.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   REPLAY_ASCENT_FALLBACK_SEC,
   REPLAY_ASCENT_MIN_SEC,
@@ -200,10 +201,10 @@ export function createReplay({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     if (speedControl) speedControl.hidden = !replayAvailable;
     button.hidden = active || !replayAvailable;
     button.disabled = !replayAvailable;
-    button.textContent = 'REPLAY ASCENT';
+    button.textContent = t('layers.missions.replay.start');
     button.classList.remove('active');
     button.setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(active));
-    button.title = 'Replay the estimated ascent with a following camera';
+    button.title = t('layers.missions.replay.startTitle');
     if (transport) {
       transport.hidden = !active;
       transport.classList.toggle(
@@ -218,11 +219,13 @@ export function createReplay({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         toggleButton.textContent = layerState._replayPaused ? '▶' : 'Ⅱ';
         toggleButton.setAttribute(
           'aria-label',
-          layerState._replayPaused ? 'Resume replay' : 'Pause replay',
+          layerState._replayPaused
+            ? t('layers.missions.replay.resume')
+            : t('layers.missions.replay.pause'),
         );
         toggleButton.title = layerState._replayPaused
-          ? 'Resume replay'
-          : 'Pause replay';
+          ? t('layers.missions.replay.resume')
+          : t('layers.missions.replay.pause');
       }
     }
   }
@@ -233,17 +236,19 @@ export function createReplay({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
     );
     if (!transport || !layerState._replayCameraLaunchId) return;
     const phase = state.countdownActive
-      ? `T minus ${state.countdownSeconds}`
+      ? t('layers.missions.replay.phaseCountdown', {
+          seconds: state.countdownSeconds,
+        })
       : state.preCountdownActive
-        ? 'Preparing launch site'
+        ? t('layers.missions.replay.phasePreparing')
         : state.elapsedSinceStart < 1
-          ? 'Liftoff'
+          ? t('layers.missions.replay.phaseLiftoff')
           : state.ascending
-            ? 'Ascent replay'
-            : 'Orbit replay';
+            ? t('layers.missions.replay.phaseAscent')
+            : t('layers.missions.replay.phaseOrbit');
     transport.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      `${phase}${layerState._replayPaused ? ', paused' : ''}`,
+      `${phase}${layerState._replayPaused ? t('layers.missions.replay.pausedSuffix') : ''}`,
     );
   }
 
diff --git a/src/layers/military/queries.js b/src/layers/military/queries.js
index 421e9804d..47ee08f74 100644
--- a/src/layers/military/queries.js
+++ b/src/layers/military/queries.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { displayedKinematics } from '../../data/motionModel.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
 import { isExplicitLayerStateOrigin } from '../../data/layerState.js';
 import { aircraftIncludedInNearby } from '../../data/aircraftNearbyPolicy.js';
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ export function createQueries({
    */
 
   function _formatAltitude(altitudeFt) {
-    if (!Number.isFinite(altitudeFt)) return 'Alt unknown';
+    if (!Number.isFinite(altitudeFt)) return t('layers.readout.altUnknown');
     return `${Math.round(altitudeFt)} ft`;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/layers/military/tracking.js b/src/layers/military/tracking.js
index b0cfb0368..aee6f29f7 100644
--- a/src/layers/military/tracking.js
+++ b/src/layers/military/tracking.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { nextCockpitNearContacts } from '../../data/cockpitAirLod.js';
 import { aircraftIcon, TRACKED_ICON_PX } from '../../data/aircraftIcons.js';
 import { trackedModelZoomActive } from '../../data/trackedModelRegime.js';
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ export function createTracking({
   function _buildTrackedLabel(info, icao24) {
     const stale =
       flightState.records.missingPolls.get(icao24) || flightState.feed._backoff
-        ? ' · STALE'
+        ? ` · ${t('layers.status.stale')}`
         : '';
     const callsign =
       (parts.queries._toCleanText(info?.callsign) ||
@@ -229,12 +230,14 @@ export function createTracking({
     // what the Easter egg replaces the real type with.
     const type = tr3bTypeLabel(
       icao24,
-      parts.queries._toCleanText(info?.type) || 'Type unknown',
+      parts.queries._toCleanText(info?.type) || t('layers.readout.typeUnknown'),
     );
     const registration =
-      parts.queries._toCleanText(info?.registration) || 'Reg unknown';
+      parts.queries._toCleanText(info?.registration) ||
+      t('layers.readout.regUnknown');
     const operator =
-      parts.queries._toCleanText(info?.operator) || 'Operator unknown';
+      parts.queries._toCleanText(info?.operator) ||
+      t('layers.readout.operatorUnknown');
     const altitude = parts.queries._formatAltitude(info?.altitudeFt);
     const speedKt = info?.speedMps ? Math.round(info.speedMps * 1.944) : null;
     const tail = speedKt ? `${altitude} · ${speedKt} kt` : altitude;
diff --git a/src/layers/radio/categories.js b/src/layers/radio/categories.js
index a7bfc182e..22b2388b2 100644
--- a/src/layers/radio/categories.js
+++ b/src/layers/radio/categories.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { MUSIC_GENRES, CATEGORY_MATCHERS } from './policy.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 
 export function createCategories({
   state: layerState,
@@ -69,14 +70,20 @@ export function createCategories({
   function buildRadioCategories(stations) {
     const rows = Array.isArray(stations) ? stations : [];
     const categories = [
-      { id: 'all', label: 'All' },
-      { id: 'news', label: 'News' },
-      { id: 'talk', label: 'Talk' },
-      { id: 'weather', label: 'Weather / Emergency' },
-      { id: 'public-safety', label: 'Public Safety' },
-      { id: 'aviation-marine', label: 'Aviation / Marine' },
-      { id: 'traffic-transit', label: 'Traffic / Transit' },
-      { id: 'music', label: 'Music' },
+      { id: 'all', label: t('layers.radio.filterAll') },
+      { id: 'news', label: t('layers.radio.category.news') },
+      { id: 'talk', label: t('layers.radio.category.talk') },
+      { id: 'weather', label: t('layers.radio.category.weather') },
+      { id: 'public-safety', label: t('layers.radio.category.publicSafety') },
+      {
+        id: 'aviation-marine',
+        label: t('layers.radio.category.aviationMarine'),
+      },
+      {
+        id: 'traffic-transit',
+        label: t('layers.radio.category.trafficTransit'),
+      },
+      { id: 'music', label: t('layers.radio.category.music') },
     ];
 
     for (const [genre, label] of MUSIC_GENRES) {
@@ -85,7 +92,7 @@ export function createCategories({
         categories.push({ id, label });
       }
     }
-    categories.push({ id: 'other', label: 'Other' });
+    categories.push({ id: 'other', label: t('layers.radio.category.other') });
     return categories.map((category) => ({
       ...category,
       color: parts.model.radioCategoryColor(category.id),
diff --git a/src/layers/satellites/controls.js b/src/layers/satellites/controls.js
index f4910f754..1f37e168d 100644
--- a/src/layers/satellites/controls.js
+++ b/src/layers/satellites/controls.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import {
   satelliteClassLegend,
 } from '../../data/satelliteClass.js';
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import { ISS_NORAD, POINT_STYLES } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
@@ -493,19 +494,22 @@ export function createControls({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       const active =
         layerState._params.catalog === 'dense' &&
         layerState._denseStatus === 'ready';
-      let title =
-        'Add the full Starlink broadband shell (thousands of extra points)';
-      if (loading) title = 'Loading the Starlink shell…';
+      let title = t('layers.satellites.denseTitleAdd');
+      if (loading) title = t('layers.satellites.denseTitleLoading');
       else if (failed)
-        title = `Starlink ${layerState._denseError || 'load failed'} — click to retry`;
-      else if (active)
-        title =
-          'Showing the full Starlink shell — click for the core catalog only';
+        title = t('layers.satellites.denseTitleFailed', {
+          detail: layerState._denseError || t('layers.satellites.loadFailed'),
+        });
+      else if (active) title = t('layers.satellites.denseTitleActive');
       return {
         chips: [
           {
             id: 'catalog',
-            label: loading ? 'DENSE ···' : failed ? 'DENSE ✕' : 'DENSE',
+            label: loading
+              ? t('layers.satellites.denseChipLoading')
+              : failed
+                ? t('layers.satellites.denseChipFailed')
+                : t('layers.satellites.denseChip'),
             active,
             busy: loading,
             disabled: loading,
diff --git a/src/layers/submarineCables/ingestion.js b/src/layers/submarineCables/ingestion.js
index eaefbeb39..eef6a85c2 100644
--- a/src/layers/submarineCables/ingestion.js
+++ b/src/layers/submarineCables/ingestion.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   featureLabel,
   featureReference,
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ export function createIngestion({ state, parts, source }) {
 
     state._loading = true;
     state._error = null;
-    state._loadingLabel = 'loading...';
+    state._loadingLabel = t('layers.meta.loading');
     // Ownership token (the militaryAwareness activationId pattern): a
     // disable/abort followed by a fresh enable starts a NEWER load while this
     // one is still settling. The stale load must bail after every await and
diff --git a/src/layers/traffic/model.js b/src/layers/traffic/model.js
index 5a7907398..7990ccc57 100644
--- a/src/layers/traffic/model.js
+++ b/src/layers/traffic/model.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
 import { roadSurfaceChunks } from './surface.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   flowDensityMult,
   flowBucket,
@@ -260,10 +261,14 @@ export function createModel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         mode,
         error: null,
         loadingLabel: fetching
-          ? 'Syncing flow · Roads: TomTom'
+          ? t('layers.traffic.syncingRoads', { source: roadSource })
           : coveragePct > 0
-            ? 'LIVE · Roads: TomTom · Roads without flow hidden'
-            : 'LIVE · Roads: TomTom · No flow roads in view',
+            ? t('layers.traffic.liveRoadsFlowHidden', {
+                source: roadSource,
+              })
+            : t('layers.traffic.liveRoadsNoFlowInView', {
+                source: roadSource,
+              }),
       };
     }
     if (liveMode && roadSource === 'TomTom + OpenStreetMap') {
@@ -271,8 +276,16 @@ export function createModel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         mode,
         error: null,
         loadingLabel: fetching
-          ? `Syncing flow · Roads: ${roadSource}`
-          : `${coveragePct > 0 ? 'LIVE' : 'SIMULATED'} · Roads: ${roadSource} · Flow ${coveragePct}%`,
+          ? t('layers.traffic.syncingRoads', { source: roadSource })
+          : coveragePct > 0
+            ? t('layers.traffic.roadsFlowLive', {
+                source: roadSource,
+                percent: coveragePct,
+              })
+            : t('layers.traffic.roadsFlowSimulated', {
+                source: roadSource,
+                percent: coveragePct,
+              }),
       };
     }
     if (liveMode) {
@@ -280,10 +293,16 @@ export function createModel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
         mode,
         error: null,
         loadingLabel: fetching
-          ? 'Syncing flow · Roads: OpenStreetMap · Flow: TomTom · Unmatched: simulated'
+          ? t('layers.traffic.loadingSyncing')
           : coveragePct > 0
-            ? `LIVE · Roads: OpenStreetMap · Flow: TomTom · ${coveragePct}% cov${coveragePct < 100 ? ' · Unmatched: simulated' : ''}`
-            : 'SIMULATED · Roads: OpenStreetMap · Flow: TomTom (no matches)',
+            ? coveragePct < 100
+              ? t('layers.traffic.liveCoverageUnmatched', {
+                  percent: coveragePct,
+                })
+              : t('layers.traffic.liveCoverage', {
+                  percent: coveragePct,
+                })
+            : t('layers.traffic.simulatedNoMatches'),
       };
     }
     // Keyless simulation — one terse line that names the mode and the remedy
@@ -293,8 +312,8 @@ export function createModel({ state: layerState, services, parts, source }) {
       mode,
       error: null,
       loadingLabel: statusUnavailable
-        ? 'SIMULATED — traffic service unreachable'
-        : 'SIMULATED — add TomTom key for live',
+        ? t('layers.traffic.simUnavailable')
+        : t('layers.traffic.simKeyless'),
     };
   }
 
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/cards.js b/src/layers/vessels/cards.js
index 4eb027565..94483bca4 100644
--- a/src/layers/vessels/cards.js
+++ b/src/layers/vessels/cards.js
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import {
   accentForVesselType,
   normalizeVesselType,
 } from '../../data/vesselLabels.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
 
 export function createCards({
   vesselState,
@@ -20,9 +21,13 @@ export function createCards({
     const stale = (record.missedRefreshes || 0) > 0;
     el.classList.add('active');
     el.textContent = [
-      `AIS: ${trimHudValue(record.name, 32)}`,
-      `${trimHudValue(record.type || 'VESSEL', 24)}  SPD: ${formatSpeed(record.speed)}  HDG: ${formatHeading(record.heading ?? record.course)}`,
-      `MMSI: ${record.mmsi || '--'}  ${formatPositionTime(record)}${stale ? '  · STALE' : ''}`,
+      t('layers.vessel.hudName', { name: trimHudValue(record.name, 32) }),
+      t('layers.vessel.hudTypeLine', {
+        type: trimHudValue(record.type || t('layers.vessel.fallback'), 24),
+        speed: formatSpeed(record.speed),
+        heading: formatHeading(record.heading ?? record.course),
+      }),
+      `MMSI: ${record.mmsi || '--'}  ${formatPositionTime(record)}${stale ? `  · ${t('layers.status.stale')}` : ''}`,
     ].join('\n');
   }
 
@@ -30,7 +35,7 @@ export function createCards({
     const el = document.getElementById('hud-ais-vessel');
     if (!el) return;
     el.classList.remove('active');
-    el.textContent = 'AIS: --';
+    el.textContent = t('layers.vessel.hudIdle');
   }
 
   function trimHudValue(value, maxLength) {
@@ -85,7 +90,7 @@ export function createCards({
     const direction = record.heading ?? record.course;
     const details = [
       [
-        vesselTypeShort(record) || 'VESSEL',
+        vesselTypeShort(record) || t('layers.vessel.fallback'),
         formatSpeed(record.speed),
         Number.isFinite(direction) ? `${Math.round(direction)}°` : '--°',
       ].join(' · '),
@@ -94,7 +99,7 @@ export function createCards({
     if (destination) details.push(`→ ${trimHudValue(destination, 24)}`);
     const stale = (record.missedRefreshes || 0) > 0;
     details.push(
-      `MMSI ${record.mmsi || '--'} · ${formatPositionTime(record)}${stale ? ' · STALE' : ''}`,
+      `MMSI ${record.mmsi || '--'} · ${formatPositionTime(record)}${stale ? ` · ${t('layers.status.stale')}` : ''}`,
     );
     return {
       id: vesselOverlayEntryId(record),
@@ -151,7 +156,7 @@ export function createCards({
   function displayVesselName(record) {
     const name = String(record.name || '').trim();
     if (name && name !== 'VESSEL' && name !== record.mmsi) return name;
-    return record.mmsi ? `MMSI ${record.mmsi}` : 'VESSEL';
+    return record.mmsi ? `MMSI ${record.mmsi}` : t('layers.vessel.fallback');
   }
 
   function formatSpeed(speed) {
@@ -163,10 +168,10 @@ export function createCards({
   }
 
   function formatPositionTime(record) {
-    if (!record.lastPositionUtc) return 'POS: LIVE';
+    if (!record.lastPositionUtc) return t('layers.vessel.posLive');
     const date = new Date(record.lastPositionUtc);
-    if (Number.isNaN(date.getTime())) return 'POS: LIVE';
-    return `POS: ${date.toISOString().slice(11, 19)}Z`;
+    if (Number.isNaN(date.getTime())) return t('layers.vessel.posLive');
+    return t('layers.vessel.posAt', { time: date.toISOString().slice(11, 19) });
   }
   return {
     updateSelectedVesselHud,
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js b/src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js
index 3c8c8e245..7cc39a012 100644
--- a/src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js
+++ b/src/layers/vessels/lifecycle.js
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 import { VESSEL_OVERLAY_SOURCE_ID } from '../../data/vesselLabels.js';
-import {
-  AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_GRACE_MS,
-  AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_LABEL,
-  AIS_HEALTHY_STATUSES,
-} from './policy.js';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+import { AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_GRACE_MS, AIS_HEALTHY_STATUSES } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createLifecycle({
   vesselState,
@@ -41,7 +38,7 @@ export function createLifecycle({
     state.feed.firstConnectStartedAt = startedAt;
     state.feed.firstConnectDeadline = startedAt + AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_GRACE_MS;
     state.feed.error = null;
-    state.feed.loadingLabel = AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_LABEL;
+    state.feed.loadingLabel = t('layers.vessel.awaitingFirstPosition');
     scheduleFirstConnectExpiry(sessionId, AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_GRACE_MS);
   }
 
@@ -63,8 +60,8 @@ export function createLifecycle({
       state.feed.firstConnectPhase = 'unavailable';
       state.feed.loadingLabel = '';
       state.feed.error = state.feed.lastMessageAt
-        ? 'awaiting usable AIS positions…'
-        : 'awaiting first AIS message…';
+        ? t('layers.vessel.awaitingPositions')
+        : t('layers.vessel.awaitingFirstMessage');
       state.feed.stale = state.feed.count > 0;
     }, delayMs);
   }
diff --git a/src/layers/vessels/queries.js b/src/layers/vessels/queries.js
index 5544379fe..c3ea015b8 100644
--- a/src/layers/vessels/queries.js
+++ b/src/layers/vessels/queries.js
@@ -1,11 +1,27 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../../i18n/index.js';
+
+// The vessels ingestion owner is a portable module graph (it also runs in the
+// server-side source builds), so it writes stable English feed labels into
+// state. Localize those known labels here, at the presentation read; anything
+// else (a bespoke manager label) passes through verbatim.
+const FEED_STATE_LABEL_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  'refreshing...': 'layers.meta.refreshing',
+  'loading...': 'layers.meta.loading',
+  'awaiting first AIS position…': 'layers.vessel.awaitingFirstPosition',
+});
+
+function localizeFeedLabel(raw) {
+  if (typeof raw !== 'string' || !raw.trim()) return raw;
+  const key = FEED_STATE_LABEL_KEYS[raw.trim()];
+  return key ? t(key) : raw;
+}
 import {
   AIS_DEGRADED_STATUSES,
   AIS_HEALTHY_STATUSES,
   AIS_STATUS_REASON,
   REFRESH_MS,
   FOCUS_EVIDENCE_DEV,
-  AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_LABEL,
 } from './policy.js';
 
 export function createQueries({
@@ -82,8 +98,8 @@ export function createQueries({
     if (acceptedRowCount > 0) return null; // accepted rows may be stale while reconnecting, but remain usable
     if (AIS_HEALTHY_STATUSES.has(status)) {
       return payload?.lastMessageAt
-        ? 'awaiting usable AIS positions…'
-        : 'awaiting first AIS message…';
+        ? t('layers.vessel.awaitingPositions')
+        : t('layers.vessel.awaitingFirstMessage');
     }
     if (!status) return null;
     const detail =
@@ -132,7 +148,7 @@ export function createQueries({
       acceptedRowCount,
       error:
         deriveAisFeedError(payload, acceptedRowCount) ||
-        (acceptedRowCount === 0 ? 'awaiting usable AIS positions…' : null),
+        (acceptedRowCount === 0 ? t('layers.vessel.awaitingPositions') : null),
     };
   }
 
@@ -504,8 +520,8 @@ export function createQueries({
         lastUpdate: state.feed.lastUpdate,
         loading: state.feed.loading || waitingForFirstPosition,
         loadingLabel: waitingForFirstPosition
-          ? AIS_FIRST_CONNECT_LABEL
-          : state.feed.loadingLabel,
+          ? t('layers.vessel.awaitingFirstPosition')
+          : localizeFeedLabel(state.feed.loadingLabel),
         error: state.feed.error,
         stale: state.feed.stale,
         partial: state.feed.partial,
diff --git a/src/mapSourceFocus.test.mjs b/src/mapSourceFocus.test.mjs
index 3aff6c8d5..1aff62a10 100644
--- a/src/mapSourceFocus.test.mjs
+++ b/src/mapSourceFocus.test.mjs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { createHoverDisclosure, collapsePanelOnEscape } from './ui/panelDisclosu
 import test from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { t } from './i18n/index.js';
 
 // Exercise the installed event routes and central close method, without WebGL.
 const source = readShellSource();
@@ -107,9 +108,9 @@ function harness({ hidden = false, selected = true, noChips = false } = {}) {
   window.clearTimeout = (id) => timers.delete(id);
   window.performance = { now: () => now };
   document.defaultView = window;
-  const methods = new Function('createHoverDisclosure', 'collapsePanelOnEscape', 'document', 'window', 'clearTimeout', 'performance', 'requestAnimationFrame',
+  const methods = new Function('createHoverDisclosure', 'collapsePanelOnEscape', 'document', 'window', 'clearTimeout', 'performance', 'requestAnimationFrame', 't',
     `return ({${shellMethod('_initAutoHoverPanel').toString()},\n${shellMethod('_collapsePanelOnEscape').toString()},\n${shellMethod('setPanelCollapsed').toString()},\n${shellMethod('_syncPanelCollapseButton').toString()}});`)(
-    createHoverDisclosure, collapsePanelOnEscape, document, window, (id) => timers.delete(id), { now: () => now }, () => {},
+    createHoverDisclosure, collapsePanelOnEscape, document, window, (id) => timers.delete(id), { now: () => now }, () => {}, t,
   );
   const saves = [];
   const claims = [];
diff --git a/src/mapStackChips.js b/src/mapStackChips.js
index ac523700d..59423eef1 100644
--- a/src/mapStackChips.js
+++ b/src/mapStackChips.js
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@
 // state is re-synced from controller state (never optimistically), so a failed
 // or superseded switch still leaves the truly-active stack lit.
 
-import { keySetupRequirement } from './keySetupCore.mjs';
+import { keySetupRequirementEnvVars } from './keySetupCore.mjs';
+import { t } from './i18n/index.js';
 
 export const MAP_STACK_CHIP_CLASS = 'map-stack-chip';
 export const PRESENTED_MAP_STACK_IDS = Object.freeze([
@@ -37,9 +38,15 @@ export function mapStackChipModel(stack, activeId) {
   const available = stack?.available !== false;
   const label = String(stack?.label ?? stack?.id ?? '');
   const requiresIon = stack?.requiresIon === true;
+  // Stack labels are provider/dataset names (keep-English); the availability
+  // sentence around them is copy and localizes here at the model boundary.
   const fallbackReason = requiresIon
-    ? keySetupRequirement('cesium-ion')
-    : `${label || 'This map stack'} is unavailable`;
+    ? t('setup.keySetup.requirement', {
+        envVars: keySetupRequirementEnvVars('cesium-ion'),
+      })
+    : t('setup.mapStack.unavailableReason', {
+        label: label || t('setup.mapStack.fallbackName'),
+      });
   const unavailableHint = available
     ? ''
     : String(stack?.unavailableReason || fallbackReason);
@@ -119,7 +126,10 @@ export function renderMapStackChips(
     if (!model.available) {
       chip.setAttribute(
         'aria-label',
-        `${model.label} unavailable: ${model.unavailableHint}`,
+        t('setup.mapStack.unavailableAriaLabel', {
+          label: model.label,
+          hint: model.unavailableHint,
+        }),
       );
     }
 
diff --git a/src/maps/availability.js b/src/maps/availability.js
index 735d7883f..f996a3a29 100644
--- a/src/maps/availability.js
+++ b/src/maps/availability.js
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-import { keySetupRequirement } from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
+import {
+  keySetupRequirement,
+  keySetupRequirementEnvVars,
+} from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 /**
  * Why Google 3D is unavailable, phrased so the tooltip and toast recommend the
  * RIGHT fix. With no credentials the fix is a key (or the ion route); with a
@@ -11,5 +15,6 @@ import { keySetupRequirement } from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
 export function photorealUnavailableReason(hasCredentials) {
   if (hasCredentials)
     return "Google 3D tiles unavailable — check the key's API restrictions, quota, or network";
-  return `${keySetupRequirement('google-maps')} — or a Cesium ion token for the ion-hosted route`;
+  const envVars = keySetupRequirementEnvVars('google-maps');
+  return `${t('setup.keySetup.requirement', { envVars })} — or a Cesium ion token for the ion-hosted route`;
 }
diff --git a/src/maps/defaultSources.js b/src/maps/defaultSources.js
index 99e767418..bfef52c9c 100644
--- a/src/maps/defaultSources.js
+++ b/src/maps/defaultSources.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { MAP_STACKS } from './catalog.js';
 import { photorealUnavailableReason } from './availability.js';
-import { keySetupRequirement } from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
+import { keySetupRequirementEnvVars } from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   createOsmImagery,
   createEsriImagery,
@@ -34,7 +35,9 @@ export function createDefaultMapSources({
         descriptor,
         available: !descriptor.requiresIon || hasIon,
         unavailableReason: descriptor.requiresIon
-          ? keySetupRequirement('cesium-ion')
+          ? t('setup.keySetup.requirement', {
+              envVars: keySetupRequirementEnvVars('cesium-ion'),
+            })
           : null,
       };
       if (descriptor.kind === 'photoreal')
diff --git a/src/scenes/director.js b/src/scenes/director.js
index d2343138e..d92a21c84 100644
--- a/src/scenes/director.js
+++ b/src/scenes/director.js
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import {
   getSceneAppendRecipeById,
 } from './recipes.js';
 import { sceneLayerPlan, sceneRequiresContextModeExit } from './scenePolicy.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { createSceneDataPacks } from './dataPacks/controller.js';
 import { createSceneInteractions } from './interactions.js';
 import { createSceneSharing } from './sharing.js';
@@ -61,6 +62,31 @@ import {
   SceneDocumentError,
 } from '../director/document.js';
 
+// Built-in recipe DISPLAY names. Recipe ids, the URL 'scene' param, stored
+// project titles, and voice-matching titles all stay English (keep-English
+// boundary + persisted data); only the presentation of an UNRENAMED built-in
+// localizes, so an operator's renamed scene is never masked by the catalog.
+const RECIPE_TITLE_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  'flights-radar': 'setup.scenes.recipe.flightsRadar',
+  'orbital-watch': 'setup.scenes.recipe.orbitalWatch',
+  'thermal-threats': 'setup.scenes.recipe.thermalThreats',
+  'city-overload': 'setup.scenes.recipe.cityOverload',
+  'omniscience-pullback': 'setup.scenes.recipe.omnisciencePullback',
+});
+
+/**
+ * Display title for a scene: the localized recipe name while the stored title
+ * still matches the built-in verbatim, the stored title otherwise.
+ * @param {{id?: string, title?: string}} scene
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function displaySceneTitle(scene) {
+  const key = RECIPE_TITLE_KEYS[scene?.id];
+  if (!key) return scene?.title || '';
+  const builtin = SCENE_RECIPES.find((recipe) => recipe.id === scene.id);
+  return scene.title === builtin?.title ? t(key) : scene.title;
+}
+
 /** @constant {string} localStorage key for the serialized project */
 const STORAGE_KEY = 'godsEyeView.sceneProject.v2';
 const STORAGE_CHECKPOINT_KEY = 'godsEyeView.sceneProject.checkpoint.v1';
@@ -172,7 +198,7 @@ export class SceneDirector {
     this._presentation = {
       status: this._storageReadError
         ? 'Saved project could not be read; storage preserved. Import a valid file to resume saving.'
-        : 'Ready',
+        : t('setup.scenes.statusReady'),
       progress: 0,
       runtime: '',
       playbackActive: false,
@@ -370,7 +396,10 @@ export class SceneDirector {
 
   _shotOutcome(type, scene, shot, index = scene.shots.indexOf(shot)) {
     if (type === 'shot-loaded')
-      this._presentation.status = `Loaded: ${scene.title} / ${shot.title}`;
+      this._presentation.status = t('setup.scenes.status.loaded', {
+        scene: scene.title,
+        shot: shot.title,
+      });
     this._publish({
       type,
       sceneId: scene.id,
@@ -389,7 +418,12 @@ export class SceneDirector {
     this._controls = new SceneControls({
       subscribe: (listener) => this.subscribe(listener),
       read: () => ({
-        scenes: this._project.scenes,
+        // Scene titles surface in the panel through SceneControls; built-in
+        // recipe titles display their localized name until renamed by the user.
+        scenes: this._project.scenes.map((scene) => ({
+          ...scene,
+          title: displaySceneTitle(scene),
+        })),
         selectedSceneId: this._selectedSceneId,
         selectedShotId: this._selectedShotId,
         running: this._running,
@@ -920,14 +954,16 @@ export class SceneDirector {
 
     const camera = this.styleManager.getCameraState();
     if (!camera) {
-      this._updateStatus('Cannot capture shot: camera not ready');
+      this._updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.status.captureCameraNotReady'));
       return;
     }
 
     const shot = normalizeShot(
       {
         id: uid('shot'),
-        title: `Shot ${scene.shots.length + 1}`,
+        title: t('setup.scenes.status.shotTitleDefault', {
+          n: scene.shots.length + 1,
+        }),
         durationSec: DEFAULT_SHOT_DURATION_SEC,
         holdSec: DEFAULT_HOLD_SEC,
         camera,
@@ -941,7 +977,12 @@ export class SceneDirector {
     this._selectedShotId = shot.id;
     this._saveProject();
     this._shotOutcome('shot-captured', scene, shot);
-    this._updateStatus(`Captured: ${scene.title} / ${shot.title}`);
+    this._updateStatus(
+      t('setup.scenes.status.captured', {
+        scene: scene.title,
+        shot: shot.title,
+      }),
+    );
   }
 
   /**
@@ -954,7 +995,7 @@ export class SceneDirector {
 
     const shot = scene.shots.find((item) => item.id === this._selectedShotId);
     if (!shot) {
-      this._updateStatus('Select a shot first');
+      this._updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.status.selectShotFirst'));
       return;
     }
 
@@ -969,7 +1010,12 @@ export class SceneDirector {
 
     this._saveProject();
     this._shotOutcome('shot-updated', scene, shot);
-    this._updateStatus(`Updated: ${scene.title} / ${shot.title}`);
+    this._updateStatus(
+      t('setup.scenes.status.updated', {
+        scene: scene.title,
+        shot: shot.title,
+      }),
+    );
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1564,7 +1610,7 @@ export class SceneDirector {
       this._claimingCamera = false;
     }
     if (claimed === false) {
-      this._updateStatus('Camera unavailable — exit cockpit first');
+      this._updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.status.cameraUnavailable'));
       return false;
     }
     return true;
@@ -1699,7 +1745,7 @@ export class SceneDirector {
       if (!queue.length) return { started: false, reason: 'scene-complete' };
     }
     if (!queue.length) {
-      this._updateStatus('No shots to run');
+      this._updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.status.noShotsToRun'));
       return { started: false, reason: 'no-shots' };
     }
 
@@ -1782,7 +1828,11 @@ export class SceneDirector {
         releaseOnFinish: preview,
       });
     } catch (error) {
-      this._updateStatus(`Error: ${error.message || 'run failed'}`);
+      this._updateStatus(
+        t('setup.scenes.status.runError', {
+          message: error.message || 'run failed',
+        }),
+      );
       this._logEvent('scene_run_error', {
         message: error.message || 'unknown error',
       });
@@ -1956,7 +2006,7 @@ export class SceneDirector {
     link.click();
     link.remove();
     URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
-    this._presentation.status = 'Project exported';
+    this._presentation.status = t('setup.scenes.status.projectExported');
     this._publish({ type: 'project-exported', project: this._project });
   }
 
@@ -2218,9 +2268,7 @@ export class SceneDirector {
         `[Scenes] Could not exit ${mode}:`,
         result.error || 'unknown reason',
       );
-      this._updateStatus(
-        `Could not exit ${mode} — scene layers may be refused`,
-      );
+      this._updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.status.contextExitFailed', { mode }));
       this._logEvent('context_mode_exit_failed', {
         mode,
         error: result.error || null,
diff --git a/src/scenes/playbackAdapter.js b/src/scenes/playbackAdapter.js
index 450929da5..339871d87 100644
--- a/src/scenes/playbackAdapter.js
+++ b/src/scenes/playbackAdapter.js
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 /** Connect the portable Director runner to the existing scene presentation. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export function createScenePlaybackAdapter(director, defaultShotDurationSec) {
   let timing;
   let travel;
@@ -14,7 +16,12 @@ export function createScenePlaybackAdapter(director, defaultShotDurationSec) {
       director._renderSceneSelect();
       director._renderShotList();
       director._updateStatus(
-        `Running ${index + 1}/${total}: ${scene.title} / ${shot.title}`,
+        t('setup.scenes.status.runningShot', {
+          index: index + 1,
+          total,
+          scene: scene.title,
+          shot: shot.title,
+        }),
       );
       director._logEvent('shot_start', {
         sceneId: scene.id,
@@ -71,7 +78,7 @@ export function createScenePlaybackAdapter(director, defaultShotDurationSec) {
     },
     complete() {
       director._setProgress(1);
-      director._updateStatus('Scene run complete');
+      director._updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.status.runComplete'));
       director._logEvent('scene_run_complete', {});
     },
   };
diff --git a/src/standalone/application.js b/src/standalone/application.js
index cbdf9cb7f..a36d27c45 100644
--- a/src/standalone/application.js
+++ b/src/standalone/application.js
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import { createStandaloneScene } from './scene.js';
 import { createStandaloneControls } from './controls.js';
 import { createStandaloneData } from './data.js';
 import { createStandaloneTools } from './tools.js';
+import { resolveLocale, applyDocumentLanguage } from '../i18n/locale.js';
+import { applyDocumentTranslations, setLocale } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 // The existing controls and layer catalog contain page-scoped state.
 let constructed = false;
@@ -21,6 +23,14 @@ export function createStandaloneApplication({
   if (constructed)
     throw new Error('The standalone application already owns this page');
   constructed = true;
+  // Locale is resolved before any UI initialization so <html lang>/<html dir>
+  // and every catalog lookup agree from the first painted frame. Module
+  // scripts execute after parsing, so the DOM is ready here and every
+  // data-i18n* element honors the resolved locale without a reload.
+  const activeLocale = resolveLocale();
+  setLocale(activeLocale);
+  applyDocumentLanguage(document, activeLocale);
+  applyDocumentTranslations(document);
   const loadingScreen = document.getElementById('loading-screen');
   const loaderStatus = loadingScreen.querySelector('.loader-status');
   let placeSearch;
diff --git a/src/ui/applicationShell.js b/src/ui/applicationShell.js
index ec51ac1ab..00c41813b 100644
--- a/src/ui/applicationShell.js
+++ b/src/ui/applicationShell.js
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@ import { ShellFeedback } from './shellFeedback.js';
 
 import { runCctvLayerEnableTransition } from '../cctvFocusPolicy.js';
 
+import { getLocale, persistLocaleAndReload, t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+import { availableLocales } from '../i18n/locale.js';
+
 /**
  * Central UI orchestrator for the God's Eye View application.
  *
@@ -565,6 +568,8 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
     this._initUI();
     this._initMapStackControl();
     this._initPanelChrome();
+    this._initLocaleSelector();
+    this._applyRuntimeStaticHeaderText();
     this._initLeftPanelAdaptiveLayout();
     this._initRightPanelAdaptiveLayout();
     this._initRadioPanel();
@@ -697,6 +702,109 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
     this._displayBindings._initUI();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Renders the command-dock locale switch (runtime-built since the
+   * configurable-pair stage): one button per locale availableLocales()
+   * yields — the configured GEV_DEFAULT_LOCALE / GEV_SECONDARY_LOCALE pair,
+   * already deduped against the always-shipped English fallback. Labels are
+   * uppercase locale codes (EN/ES/FR); aria-labels come from
+   * shell.locale.<code>.ariaLabel in the active catalog. Pressed state is
+   * synced from the resolved locale at boot; a click persists the choice and
+   * reloads the page, so no live re-apply of document translations is needed
+   * here (persistLocaleAndReload strips ?lang and keeps the hash).
+   * @returns {void}
+   */
+  _initLocaleSelector() {
+    const container = document.querySelector(
+      '#control-panel .dock-locale-switch',
+    );
+    if (!container) return;
+    const active = getLocale();
+    for (const locale of availableLocales()) {
+      const button = document.createElement('button');
+      button.type = 'button';
+      button.className = 'dock-locale-btn';
+      button.dataset.locale = locale;
+      button.textContent = locale.toUpperCase();
+      button.setAttribute('aria-label', t(`shell.locale.${locale}.ariaLabel`));
+      const isActive = locale === active;
+      button.classList.toggle('active', isActive);
+      button.setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(isActive));
+      button.addEventListener('click', () => {
+        persistLocaleAndReload(button.dataset.locale);
+      });
+      container.appendChild(button);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Rewrites a header's trailing text node in place, preserving the leading
+   * dock-label-icon span that a textContent write would destroy (the phase-2
+   * "key-only" headers: .panel-title / .pp-header-label share their element
+   * with the icon, so no data-i18n attribute could target them — see
+   * docs/TRANSLATORS.md, runtime-only static sites).
+   * @param {Element|null} element
+   * @param {string} text
+   * @returns {void}
+   */
+  _setHeaderText(element, text) {
+    if (!element) return;
+    const textNode = Array.from(element.childNodes)
+      .reverse()
+      .find(
+        (node) => node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE && node.nodeValue?.trim(),
+      );
+    if (textNode) textNode.nodeValue = text;
+    else element.textContent = text;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Localizes the key-only dock/panel headers at boot: VISUAL PRESETS,
+   * LOCATION, and the DISPLAY rail label. English output is byte-identical to
+   * the static markup these replace.
+   * @returns {void}
+   */
+  _applyRuntimeStaticHeaderText() {
+    this._setHeaderText(
+      document.querySelector('#control-panel .panel-title'),
+      t('cockpit.presets.title'),
+    );
+    this._setHeaderText(
+      document.querySelector('#location-bar .location-toolbar-label'),
+      t('cockpit.location.toolbarLabel'),
+    );
+    this._setHeaderText(
+      document.querySelector('#pp-toggles .pp-header-label'),
+      t('cockpit.display.title'),
+    );
+    // The cockpit context kicker ('CONTACT') is visible on the map itself, and
+    // the briefing kicker shares its element with the live-dot <i>; both are
+    // phase-2 key-only sites (see docs/TRANSLATORS.md). The briefing
+    // text node keeps renderBriefPage's leading-space convention.
+    this._setHeaderText(
+      document.querySelector('.cockpit-context-kicker'),
+      t('cockpit.context.kicker'),
+    );
+    // The phase-2 key-only standby description: one span holds BOTH mode
+    // descriptions split by a literal <br>, so no attribute write was possible
+    // without destroying the markup (docs/TRANSLATORS.md). Split into
+    // two keys and write them at boot, preserving the <br>.
+    const standbyDescription = document.querySelector(
+      '#context-mode-standby span',
+    );
+    if (standbyDescription) {
+      standbyDescription.replaceChildren(
+        document.createTextNode(t('cockpit.context.standbyContactsDesc')),
+        document.createElement('br'),
+        document.createTextNode(t('cockpit.context.standbyMissionsDesc')),
+      );
+    }
+    const briefKicker = document.querySelector('#cockpit-brief-kicker');
+    if (briefKicker) {
+      this._setHeaderText(briefKicker, ` ${t('cockpit.brief.kicker')}`);
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Renders the owner-approved map stack chip row from the matching controller
    * entries. Cesium ion/Bing chips remain keyboard-focusable but unavailable,
@@ -705,6 +813,18 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
    */
   _initMapStackControl() {
     if (!this.mapStackController) return;
+
+    // Key-only i18n sites (mapStackChips.test.mjs pins the static markup
+    // verbatim, so no data-i18n* attribute can be added): localize at this
+    // runtime write instead. The locale resolves before UI init and never
+    // changes without a reload, so an init-time write is sufficient.
+    if (this._mapSourceLabel)
+      this._mapSourceLabel.textContent = t('cockpit.presets.mapSourceLabel');
+    this._mapStackChips.setAttribute(
+      'aria-label',
+      t('cockpit.presets.mapSourceChipsAriaLabel'),
+    );
+
     this._mapSourceControls?.destroy();
     this._mapSourceControls = createMapSourceControls({
       container: this._mapStackChips,
@@ -986,7 +1106,7 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
     const { cctvLayer } = this.services;
     if (this._disposed) return false;
     if (!this._dataManager || !this._dataManager.layers?.has('cctv')) {
-      this._showToast('CCTV layer unavailable');
+      this._showToast(t('cockpit.cctv.toastLayerUnavailable'));
       return false;
     }
     const enabled = this._dataManager.isEnabled('cctv');
@@ -1433,7 +1553,11 @@ export class StyleManager extends ShellFacade {
     this._lifetime.listen(this._shareBtn, 'click', async () => {
       const success = await this.shareLinkManager.copyLink();
       if (!this._disposed)
-        this._showToast(success ? 'Link copied!' : 'Copy failed');
+        this._showToast(
+          success
+            ? t('cockpit.share.toastCopied')
+            : t('cockpit.share.toastCopyFailed'),
+        );
     });
   }
 
diff --git a/src/ui/cctvBindings.js b/src/ui/cctvBindings.js
index 612e4eb37..f2db9bde1 100644
--- a/src/ui/cctvBindings.js
+++ b/src/ui/cctvBindings.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export function _initCctvPanel() {
   if (!this._cctvPanel) return;
 
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ export function _initCctvPanel() {
       },
       { origin: 'user' },
     );
-    this.actions.showToast('CCTV calibration saved');
+    this.actions.showToast(t('cockpit.cctv.toastCalibrationSaved'));
   });
 
   this.listen(this._cctvCalibResetBtn, 'click', () => {
diff --git a/src/ui/cctvCalibration.js b/src/ui/cctvCalibration.js
index 533c2615d..2cb08cd41 100644
--- a/src/ui/cctvCalibration.js
+++ b/src/ui/cctvCalibration.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 /** Shortest-wrap signed degrees, for heading offsets typed as absolute values. */
 const signedNormalizeDeg = (deg) => ((((deg + 180) % 360) + 360) % 360) - 180;
 
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ export function _resetCctvCalibration() {
     },
     { origin: 'user' },
   );
-  this.actions.showToast('CCTV calibration reset');
+  this.actions.showToast(t('cockpit.cctv.toastCalibrationReset'));
 }
 
 export function _beginCctvCalValueEdit(chip) {
@@ -162,7 +164,9 @@ export function _syncCctvCalReadout(enabled, activeCamera) {
   if (this._cctvAdjustBtn) {
     const adjustOn = !!this._cctvState?.calibrationMode;
     this._cctvAdjustBtn.classList.toggle('active', adjustOn && canCalibrate);
-    this._cctvAdjustBtn.textContent = adjustOn ? 'ADJUST ON' : 'ADJUST';
+    this._cctvAdjustBtn.textContent = adjustOn
+      ? t('layers.cctv.adjustOn')
+      : t('layers.cctv.adjustLabel');
     this._cctvAdjustBtn.disabled = !canCalibrate;
   }
   if (this._cctvCalReadout) {
diff --git a/src/ui/cctvFrames.js b/src/ui/cctvFrames.js
index 7dce71dd7..1d8aa3f6f 100644
--- a/src/ui/cctvFrames.js
+++ b/src/ui/cctvFrames.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export function _clearCctvFrame() {
   this._cctvFrameRequestToken += 1;
   if (this._cctvFramePreloader) {
@@ -86,19 +88,19 @@ export function _settleCctvFrame(token, src, ok) {
 export function _syncCctvSourceBadge(activeCamera, enabled) {
   if (!this._cctvSourceBadge) return;
   if (!enabled || !activeCamera) {
-    this._cctvSourceBadge.textContent = 'SOURCE · UNKNOWN';
+    this._cctvSourceBadge.textContent = t('layers.cctv.sourceUnknown');
     this._cctvSourceBadge.dataset.frameState = 'idle';
     return;
   }
   const hasDisplayedFrame =
     this._cctvFrameWrap?.classList.contains('has-frame');
   if (this._cctvFrame?.dataset.loading === 'true' && !hasDisplayedFrame) {
-    this._cctvSourceBadge.textContent = 'FRAME · LOADING';
+    this._cctvSourceBadge.textContent = t('cockpit.cctv.frameLoading');
     this._cctvSourceBadge.dataset.frameState = 'loading';
     return;
   }
   if (this._cctvFrame?.dataset.error === 'true' && !hasDisplayedFrame) {
-    this._cctvSourceBadge.textContent = 'FRAME · UNAVAILABLE';
+    this._cctvSourceBadge.textContent = t('cockpit.cctv.frameUnavailable');
     this._cctvSourceBadge.dataset.frameState = 'error';
     return;
   }
diff --git a/src/ui/cctvPresentation.js b/src/ui/cctvPresentation.js
index fef358099..ecad1b3db 100644
--- a/src/ui/cctvPresentation.js
+++ b/src/ui/cctvPresentation.js
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 import { createCctvVideoSurface } from './cctvVideo.js';
 export function _calBadgeLabel(badge) {
   switch (badge) {
     case 'calibrated':
-      return 'CALIBRATED';
+      return t('cockpit.cctv.calBadgeCalibrated');
     case 'curated':
-      return 'CURATED';
+      return t('cockpit.cctv.calBadgeCurated');
     case 'raw-prior':
-      return 'RAW PRIOR';
+      return t('cockpit.cctv.calBadgeRawPrior');
     default:
       return '--';
   }
@@ -51,7 +53,9 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
 
   if (this._cctvEnableBtn) {
     this._cctvEnableBtn.classList.toggle('active', enabled);
-    this._cctvEnableBtn.textContent = enabled ? 'CCTV ON' : 'CCTV OFF';
+    this._cctvEnableBtn.textContent = enabled
+      ? t('layers.cctv.toggleOn')
+      : t('layers.cctv.toggleOff');
   }
 
   if (this._cctvSelect) {
@@ -99,17 +103,19 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
     this._cctvCoverageBtn.classList.toggle('active', mode !== 'off');
     this._cctvCoverageBtn.textContent =
       mode === 'viewshed'
-        ? 'VIEWSHED ON'
+        ? t('cockpit.cctv.coverageViewshedOn')
         : mode === 'on'
-          ? 'COVERAGE ON'
-          : 'COVERAGE OFF';
+          ? t('layers.cctv.coverageOn')
+          : t('layers.cctv.coverageOff');
     this._cctvCoverageBtn.disabled = !enabled;
   }
 
   if (this._cctvAutoHopBtn) {
     const autoHop = !!state?.autoHop;
     this._cctvAutoHopBtn.classList.toggle('active', autoHop);
-    this._cctvAutoHopBtn.textContent = autoHop ? 'AUTO HOP ON' : 'AUTO HOP OFF';
+    this._cctvAutoHopBtn.textContent = autoHop
+      ? t('layers.cctv.autoHopOn')
+      : t('layers.cctv.autoHopOff');
     this._cctvAutoHopBtn.disabled = !enabled;
   }
 
@@ -117,8 +123,8 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
     const showProjection = state?.showProjection !== false;
     this._cctvProjectionBtn.classList.toggle('active', showProjection);
     this._cctvProjectionBtn.textContent = showProjection
-      ? 'PROJECTION ON'
-      : 'PROJECTION OFF';
+      ? t('layers.cctv.projectionOn')
+      : t('layers.cctv.projectionOff');
     this._cctvProjectionBtn.disabled = !enabled;
   }
 
@@ -133,8 +139,10 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
     const badge = activeCamera?.calBadge || null;
     const dirty = !!activeCamera?.calDirty;
     this._cctvQualityChip.textContent = dirty
-      ? 'CAL · EDITED (UNSAVED)'
-      : `CAL · ${this._calBadgeLabel(badge)}`;
+      ? t('cockpit.cctv.calChipEdited')
+      : t('cockpit.cctv.calChipTemplate', {
+          badge: this._calBadgeLabel(badge),
+        });
     this._cctvQualityChip.dataset.calBadge = dirty ? 'edited' : badge || '';
   }
 
@@ -154,14 +162,26 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
       const calBadge = activeCamera.calBadge
         ? this._calBadgeLabel(activeCamera.calBadge)
         : '';
-      const projLabel = state?.showProjection !== false ? 'MONITOR' : 'OFF';
-      this._cctvMeta.textContent = `${activeCamera.city} · HDG ${Math.round(activeCamera.headingDeg)}° · FOV ${Math.round(activeCamera.fovDeg)}° · RANGE ${Math.round(activeCamera.rangeM)}m · ${projLabel}${calBadge ? ` · ${calBadge}` : ''} · ${provider}${credit}${statusMsg}`;
+      const projLabel =
+        state?.showProjection !== false
+          ? t('cockpit.cctv.metaProjectionMonitor')
+          : t('cockpit.cctv.metaProjectionOff');
+      this._cctvMeta.textContent = t('cockpit.cctv.metaTemplate', {
+        city: activeCamera.city,
+        heading: `${Math.round(activeCamera.headingDeg)}°`,
+        fov: `${Math.round(activeCamera.fovDeg)}°`,
+        range: Math.round(activeCamera.rangeM),
+        projection: projLabel,
+        calBadge: calBadge ? ` · ${calBadge}` : '',
+        provider,
+        status: `${credit}${statusMsg}`,
+      });
     } else if (cameras.length > 0) {
       this._cctvMeta.textContent = enabled
-        ? `${cameras.length} cameras loaded · click a camera to activate`
-        : `${cameras.length} cameras loaded · enable CCTV to activate`;
+        ? t('cockpit.cctv.metaCamerasClick', { count: cameras.length })
+        : t('cockpit.cctv.metaCamerasEnable', { count: cameras.length });
     } else {
-      this._cctvMeta.textContent = 'Enable CCTV to load camera intersections';
+      this._cctvMeta.textContent = t('layers.cctv.metaIdle');
     }
   }
 
@@ -209,15 +229,13 @@ export function _renderCctvState(state) {
   }
 
   this._syncCctvSourceBadge(activeCamera, enabled);
-  this._typeCctvSummary(
-    state?.summary ||
-      'Enable CCTV to start camera-linked intelligence summaries.',
-  );
+  this._typeCctvSummary(state?.summary || t('layers.cctv.summaryIdle'));
 }
 
 export function _typeCctvSummary(text) {
   if (this.destroyed || !this._cctvSummary) return;
-  const nextText = String(text || '').trim() || 'No summary available.';
+  const nextText =
+    String(text || '').trim() || t('cockpit.cctv.summaryNoneAvailable');
   if (nextText === this._lastCctvSummaryText) return;
   this._lastCctvSummaryText = nextText;
 
@@ -249,7 +267,10 @@ export function _updateCctvSyncChip(loading, enabled) {
     clearTimeout(this._cctvChipHideTimer);
     this._cctvChipHideTimer = null;
     this._cctvChipWasBusy = true;
-    this.actions.setSplitFlapText(this._cctvSyncLabel, 'loading frames');
+    this.actions.setSplitFlapText(
+      this._cctvSyncLabel,
+      t('cockpit.cctv.syncLoadingFrames'),
+    );
     // The counter is left plain on purpose: it ticks every few frames
     // during a grid load, and flapping it would read as a slot machine.
     this._cctvSyncProgress.textContent = `${loaded}/${total}`;
@@ -260,7 +281,10 @@ export function _updateCctvSyncChip(loading, enabled) {
   if (this._cctvChipWasBusy && enabled && total > 0) {
     // Load just completed — flash the final count, then auto-hide.
     this._cctvChipWasBusy = false;
-    this.actions.setSplitFlapText(this._cctvSyncLabel, 'camera grid ready');
+    this.actions.setSplitFlapText(
+      this._cctvSyncLabel,
+      t('cockpit.cctv.syncGridReady'),
+    );
     this._cctvSyncProgress.textContent = `${total}/${total}`;
     this._cctvSyncChip.classList.add('visible');
     clearTimeout(this._cctvChipHideTimer);
diff --git a/src/ui/clearLayersControl.js b/src/ui/clearLayersControl.js
index a3e0e078f..8757eec27 100644
--- a/src/ui/clearLayersControl.js
+++ b/src/ui/clearLayersControl.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 /** Keep the clear action focusable while busy; the caller owns its transaction. */
 export function bindClearLayersControl(button, clear) {
   let destroyed = false;
@@ -12,7 +14,9 @@ export function bindClearLayersControl(button, clear) {
       button.setAttribute('aria-busy', String(busy));
       button.setAttribute(
         'aria-label',
-        busy ? 'Clearing selected data layers' : 'Clear selected data layers',
+        busy
+          ? t('cockpit.actions.clearLayersBusyAria')
+          : t('shell.actions.clearLayers.ariaLabel'),
       );
     },
     destroy() {
diff --git a/src/ui/cockpitBriefing.js b/src/ui/cockpitBriefing.js
index c467ed865..afb2f0758 100644
--- a/src/ui/cockpitBriefing.js
+++ b/src/ui/cockpitBriefing.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Regional briefing requests, pages and rotation for the Cockpit controller. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   COCKPIT_BRIEF_ROTATE_MS,
   COCKPIT_BRIEF_CYCLE_OFF_HELP,
@@ -10,6 +11,24 @@ import {
   formatCockpitWindDirection,
 } from './cockpitPresentation.js';
 
+// regionalModel.weatherCodeLabel lives in the shared node/browser source graph,
+// so it returns stable English labels; localize them here, at the cockpit
+// presentation boundary (docs/TRANSLATORS.md).
+const WEATHER_CONDITION_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  'CONDITIONS UNKNOWN': 'layers.weather.conditionsUnknown',
+  CLEAR: 'layers.weather.clear',
+  'PARTLY CLOUDY': 'layers.weather.partlyCloudy',
+  OVERCAST: 'layers.weather.overcast',
+  FOG: 'layers.weather.fog',
+  DRIZZLE: 'layers.weather.drizzle',
+  RAIN: 'layers.weather.rain',
+  SNOW: 'layers.weather.snow',
+  'RAIN SHOWERS': 'layers.weather.rainShowers',
+  'SNOW SHOWERS': 'layers.weather.snowShowers',
+  THUNDERSTORM: 'layers.weather.thunderstorm',
+  'MIXED CONDITIONS': 'layers.weather.mixed',
+});
+
 export function showBriefPage(index, { manual = false } = {}) {
   if (this.destroyed) return;
   const count = COCKPIT_BRIEF_PAGES.length;
@@ -26,15 +45,16 @@ export function showBriefPage(index, { manual = false } = {}) {
   if (this.briefKicker) {
     const indicator = this.briefKicker.querySelector('i');
     this.briefKicker.replaceChildren(
-      ...[indicator, document.createTextNode(` ${page.kicker}`)].filter(
+      ...[indicator, document.createTextNode(` ${t(page.kickerKey)}`)].filter(
         Boolean,
       ),
     );
   }
-  if (this.briefSubtitle) this.briefSubtitle.textContent = page.subtitle;
+  if (this.briefSubtitle) this.briefSubtitle.textContent = t(page.subtitleKey);
   if (this.briefPosition)
     this.briefPosition.textContent = `${this.briefPageIndex + 1} / ${count}`;
-  if (this.briefSource) this.briefSource.textContent = page.source;
+  if (this.briefSource)
+    this.briefSource.textContent = t(page.sourceKey ?? page.source);
   if (this.signalStream) this.signalStream.dataset.briefPage = page.id;
   if (manual && this.briefAutoRotateEnabled)
     this.startBriefRotation({ reset: true });
@@ -56,6 +76,19 @@ export function setBriefAutoRotate(enabled) {
       : COCKPIT_BRIEF_CYCLE_OFF_HELP;
     this.briefAutoToggle.setAttribute('aria-label', label);
     this.briefAutoToggle.title = help;
+    // The English writes above are pinned verbatim by cockpitMarkup.test.mjs;
+    // these t() re-writes are same-value overrides that localize the toggle
+    // under other locales (byte-identical under 'en').
+    const labelKey = this.briefAutoRotateEnabled
+      ? 'cockpit.brief.autoOn'
+      : 'cockpit.brief.autoOff';
+    this.briefAutoToggle.textContent = t(labelKey);
+    this.briefAutoToggle.setAttribute('aria-label', t(labelKey));
+    this.briefAutoToggle.title = t(
+      this.briefAutoRotateEnabled
+        ? 'cockpit.brief.autoTitleOn'
+        : 'cockpit.brief.autoTitle',
+    );
   }
   if (this.briefAutoRotateEnabled) this.startBriefRotation({ reset: true });
   else this.stopBriefRotation();
@@ -94,7 +127,7 @@ export function stopBriefRotation() {
 export function updateLocalPosition(info) {
   if (!this.localCoordinates) return;
   if (!Number.isFinite(info.latitude) || !Number.isFinite(info.longitude)) {
-    this.localCoordinates.textContent = 'POSITION UNAVAILABLE';
+    this.localCoordinates.textContent = t('cockpit.brief.positionUnavailable');
     return;
   }
   const lat = `${Math.abs(info.latitude).toFixed(3)}°${info.latitude >= 0 ? 'N' : 'S'}`;
@@ -175,14 +208,14 @@ export function renderRegionalBriefStatus(status, info) {
     this.newsStatus.dataset.state = status;
     this.newsStatus.textContent =
       status === 'loading'
-        ? 'ACQUIRING REGIONAL NEWS'
-        : 'REGIONAL NEWS UNAVAILABLE';
+        ? t('cockpit.brief.newsAcquiring')
+        : t('cockpit.brief.newsUnavailable');
   }
   if (status === 'unavailable') this.newsList?.replaceChildren();
   if (this.localPlace && status === 'loading')
-    this.localPlace.textContent = 'RESOLVING REGION';
+    this.localPlace.textContent = t('cockpit.brief.localResolving');
   if (this.localPlace && status === 'unavailable')
-    this.localPlace.textContent = 'REGION UNAVAILABLE';
+    this.localPlace.textContent = t('cockpit.brief.regionUnavailable');
   this.updateLocalPosition(info);
 }
 
@@ -193,8 +226,8 @@ export function renderRegionalBrief(payload, info) {
     this.newsStatus.dataset.state = payload?.newsStatus || 'unavailable';
     this.newsStatus.textContent =
       payload?.newsStatus === 'empty'
-        ? 'NO RECENT LOCATION MATCHES'
-        : 'REGIONAL NEWS UNAVAILABLE';
+        ? t('cockpit.brief.newsEmpty')
+        : t('cockpit.brief.newsUnavailable');
   }
   if (this.newsList) {
     this.newsList.replaceChildren(
@@ -207,7 +240,10 @@ export function renderRegionalBrief(payload, info) {
         const title = document.createElement('strong');
         title.textContent = article.title;
         const metadata = document.createElement('span');
-        metadata.textContent = `${article.domain || 'SOURCE'} · ${formatCockpitBriefAge(article.publishedAt)}`;
+        metadata.textContent = t('cockpit.brief.articleMetaTemplate', {
+          domain: article.domain || t('cockpit.brief.metadataSourceFallback'),
+          age: formatCockpitBriefAge(article.publishedAt),
+        });
         link.append(title, metadata);
         entry.append(link);
         return entry;
@@ -216,7 +252,9 @@ export function renderRegionalBrief(payload, info) {
   }
 
   const placeLabel =
-    payload?.place?.label || payload?.place?.country || 'REGION UNAVAILABLE';
+    payload?.place?.label ||
+    payload?.place?.country ||
+    t('cockpit.brief.regionUnavailable');
   if (this.localPlace) this.localPlace.textContent = placeLabel.toUpperCase();
   this.updateLocalPosition(info);
   const weather = payload?.weather;
@@ -235,14 +273,19 @@ export function renderRegionalBrief(payload, info) {
       weather?.windDirectionDeg,
     );
   }
-  if (this.localCondition)
-    this.localCondition.textContent = this.services.weatherCodeLabel(
-      weather?.weatherCode,
-    );
+  if (this.localCondition) {
+    const condition = this.services.weatherCodeLabel(weather?.weatherCode);
+    const conditionKey = WEATHER_CONDITION_KEYS[condition];
+    this.localCondition.textContent = conditionKey
+      ? t(conditionKey)
+      : condition;
+  }
   if (this.localCloud) {
     this.localCloud.textContent = Number.isFinite(weather?.cloudCoverPct)
-      ? `CLOUD ${Math.round(weather.cloudCoverPct)}%`
-      : 'CLOUD UNKNOWN';
+      ? t('cockpit.brief.cloudTemplate', {
+          pct: Math.round(weather.cloudCoverPct),
+        })
+      : t('cockpit.brief.cloudUnknown');
   }
   if (this.localPrecipitation) {
     this.localPrecipitation.textContent = Number.isFinite(
@@ -254,7 +297,11 @@ export function renderRegionalBrief(payload, info) {
   if (this.signalStream)
     this.signalStream.dataset.regionalStatus = payload?.status || 'partial';
   if (this.briefPageIndex === 1 && this.briefSource) {
-    this.briefSource.textContent = `${String(payload?.newsSource || 'REGIONAL NEWS').toUpperCase()} · LOCATION QUERY`;
+    this.briefSource.textContent = t('cockpit.brief.newsSourceLine', {
+      source: String(
+        payload?.newsSource || t('cockpit.brief.kickerNews'),
+      ).toUpperCase(),
+    });
   }
   this.scheduleContextLayout();
 }
diff --git a/src/ui/cockpitContext.js b/src/ui/cockpitContext.js
index 70dac99f7..72b2db51a 100644
--- a/src/ui/cockpitContext.js
+++ b/src/ui/cockpitContext.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /** Contact readouts and nearby-signal presentation for the Cockpit controller. */
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   bearingBetweenCoordinates,
   formatCockpitContextScope,
@@ -20,8 +21,8 @@ export function updateContext(info, heading) {
     this.pushCockpitSignal(
       'context-status',
       'info',
-      'CONTEXT STANDBY',
-      'ENABLE GLOBAL CONTEXT FOR PROXIMITY PINGS',
+      t('cockpit.signal.contextStandby'),
+      t('cockpit.signal.contextStandbyHint'),
     );
     return;
   }
@@ -52,8 +53,14 @@ export function updateContext(info, heading) {
     const enteringLost = this.context.dataset.state !== 'lost';
     this.context.dataset.state = 'lost';
     if (this.contextUncertainty) {
+      // The English literal write is pinned verbatim by cockpitMarkup.test.mjs
+      // ('CONTACT LOST' must appear in this method body); the t() re-write
+      // below is a same-value override that localizes it under other locales.
       this.contextUncertainty.textContent =
         'CONTACT LOST · LAST KNOWN READOUT · NOT AN ALL-CLEAR';
+      this.contextUncertainty.textContent = t(
+        'cockpit.context.uncertaintyContactLost',
+      );
     }
     // The cue changes the footer's height; re-run layout once on the way in
     // rather than every frame the contact stays lost.
@@ -61,8 +68,10 @@ export function updateContext(info, heading) {
     this.pushCockpitSignal(
       'context-status',
       'warning',
-      `CONTACT LOST · ${snapshot.subject.label || snapshot.subject.id || 'SUBJECT'}`,
-      'SUBJECT LEFT ITS FEED · READOUT HOLDING LAST KNOWN',
+      t('cockpit.signal.contactLostTitle', {
+        subject: snapshot.subject.label || snapshot.subject.id || 'SUBJECT',
+      }),
+      t('cockpit.signal.contactLostDetail'),
     );
     return;
   }
@@ -83,12 +92,17 @@ export function updateContext(info, heading) {
   const closestLabel = this.services.formatAwarenessLabel(closest);
   if (this.contextNearestLabel) {
     this.contextNearestLabel.textContent = closest
-      ? `${closest.cohort.label.toUpperCase()} · ${closestLabel}`
-      : 'NO AVAILABLE EXAMPLE';
+      ? t('cockpit.context.nearestTemplate', {
+          cohort: closest.cohort.label.toUpperCase(),
+          contact: closestLabel,
+        })
+      : t('cockpit.context.nearestEmpty');
     this.contextNearestLabel.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
       closest && closestLabel === '—'
-        ? `${closest.cohort.label}, Unavailable`
+        ? t('cockpit.context.nearestUnavailableAria', {
+            cohort: closest.cohort.label,
+          })
         : this.contextNearestLabel.textContent,
     );
   }
@@ -133,15 +147,30 @@ export function updateContext(info, heading) {
     this.contextDirection.classList.toggle('unknown', relative === null);
   }
   if (this.contextBearing) {
+    // The 'BRG —' literal is pinned verbatim by cockpitMarkup.test.mjs; the
+    // t() re-write below is a same-value override that localizes it.
     if (relative === null) this.contextBearing.textContent = 'BRG —';
     else if (Math.abs(relative) < 8) this.contextBearing.textContent = 'AHEAD';
     else
       this.contextBearing.textContent = `${relative < 0 ? 'L' : 'R'} ${String(Math.round(Math.abs(relative))).padStart(3, '0')}°`;
+    if (relative === null)
+      this.contextBearing.textContent = t('cockpit.context.bearingNone');
+    else if (Math.abs(relative) < 8)
+      this.contextBearing.textContent = t('cockpit.context.bearingAhead');
+    else {
+      this.contextBearing.textContent = t('cockpit.context.bearingSide', {
+        side:
+          relative < 0
+            ? t('cockpit.context.sideLeft')
+            : t('cockpit.context.sideRight'),
+        angle: `${String(Math.round(Math.abs(relative))).padStart(3, '0')}°`,
+      });
+    }
   }
   if (this.contextUncertainty) {
     this.contextUncertainty.textContent = unknownCount
-      ? `${unknownCount} INPUT${unknownCount === 1 ? '' : 'S'} UNKNOWN · NOT AN ALL-CLEAR`
-      : 'AVAILABLE INPUTS CURRENT · NOT AN ALL-CLEAR';
+      ? t('cockpit.context.uncertaintyInputsUnknown', { count: unknownCount })
+      : t('cockpit.context.uncertaintyInputsCurrent');
   }
   if (this.contextUpdated) {
     this.contextUpdated.textContent = Number.isFinite(snapshot.evaluatedAt)
diff --git a/src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js b/src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js
index 5cb0a558a..f26f4a6c5 100644
--- a/src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js
+++ b/src/ui/cockpitInstruments.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Instrument values, routes and vision controls for the Cockpit controller. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   COCKPIT_VISION_MODES,
   normalizeCockpitVisionMode,
@@ -31,7 +32,10 @@ export function updateHud(
   const heading = normalizeHeading(this.heading ?? info.track ?? 0);
   if (this.callsign) {
     this.callsign.textContent =
-      info.callsign || info.registration || info.icao24 || 'AIRCRAFT';
+      info.callsign ||
+      info.registration ||
+      info.icao24 ||
+      t('cockpit.hud.fallbackCallsign');
   }
   const speedKt = Number.isFinite(info.velocityMps)
     ? info.velocityMps * 1.94384
@@ -126,14 +130,22 @@ export function updateHud(
     this.position.textContent = `${lat} · ${lon}`;
   }
   if (this.aircraftMeta) {
+    // State-sibling keys at the writer: each feed state translates
+    // independently so no state can leak English under other locales.
     const feedState = this.surfaceAcquiring
-      ? 'ACQUIRING SURFACE'
+      ? t('cockpit.hud.metaFeedAcquiringSurface')
       : this.surfaceFallback
-        ? 'SURFACE FALLBACK'
+        ? t('cockpit.hud.metaFeedSurfaceFallback')
         : info.stale
-          ? 'STALE FEED'
-          : 'LIVE TRACK';
-    this.aircraftMeta.textContent = `${info.layerId === 'military' ? 'MILITARY' : 'COMMERCIAL'} · ${feedState} · COURSE ALIGNED`;
+          ? t('cockpit.hud.metaFeedStale')
+          : t('cockpit.hud.metaFeedLive');
+    this.aircraftMeta.textContent = t('cockpit.hud.aircraftMetaTemplate', {
+      aircraftClass:
+        info.layerId === 'military'
+          ? t('cockpit.hud.metaClassMilitary')
+          : t('cockpit.hud.metaClassCommercial'),
+      feedState,
+    });
   }
   this.updateRoute(info);
   if (
@@ -158,13 +170,14 @@ export function updateRoute(info) {
   const validDestination =
     Number.isFinite(destination?.lat) && Number.isFinite(destination?.lon);
   const routeLabel = (airport) =>
-    [airport?.code, airport?.name].filter(Boolean).join(' · ') || 'UNKNOWN';
+    [airport?.code, airport?.name].filter(Boolean).join(' · ') ||
+    t('cockpit.route.unknownEndpoint');
   if (this.routeFrom) this.routeFrom.textContent = routeLabel(origin);
   if (this.routeTo) this.routeTo.textContent = routeLabel(destination);
   if (this.routeStatus) {
     this.routeStatus.textContent = validDestination
-      ? 'ARROW · ESTIMATED DIRECTION'
-      : 'ROUTE DATA UNAVAILABLE';
+      ? t('cockpit.route.statusArrowEstimated')
+      : t('cockpit.route.statusUnavailable');
   }
   if (this.route) this.route.hidden = !origin && !destination;
   if (
@@ -198,7 +211,9 @@ export function updateRoute(info) {
     );
   }
   if (this.routeDirectionLabel) {
-    this.routeDirectionLabel.textContent = `DEST ${String(Math.round(destinationBearing)).padStart(3, '0')}°`;
+    this.routeDirectionLabel.textContent = t('cockpit.route.directionLabel', {
+      bearing: `${String(Math.round(destinationBearing)).padStart(3, '0')}°`,
+    });
   }
 }
 
@@ -206,12 +221,16 @@ export function syncWeatherToggle(enabled) {
   if (!this.weatherToggle) return;
   const active = !!enabled;
   this.weatherToggle.setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(active));
-  this.weatherToggle.setAttribute(
-    'aria-label',
-    `${active ? 'Disable' : 'Enable'} cockpit weather effects`,
-  );
-  this.weatherToggle.title = `${active ? 'Disable' : 'Enable'} cockpit weather effects`;
-  if (this.weatherState) this.weatherState.textContent = active ? 'ON' : 'OFF';
+  const weatherLabel = active
+    ? t('cockpit.context.weatherDisableAriaLabel')
+    : t('cockpit.context.weatherEnableAriaLabel');
+  this.weatherToggle.setAttribute('aria-label', weatherLabel);
+  this.weatherToggle.title = weatherLabel;
+  if (this.weatherState) {
+    this.weatherState.textContent = active
+      ? t('cockpit.context.weatherStateOn')
+      : t('cockpit.context.weatherStateOff');
+  }
 }
 
 export function setVisionMode(mode, { revealParameters = false } = {}) {
@@ -230,17 +249,19 @@ export function setVisionMode(mode, { revealParameters = false } = {}) {
   const names = {
     optical: inherited,
     crt: 'CRT',
-    nvg: 'Night vision',
-    thermal: 'Thermal',
-    noir: 'Noir',
+    nvg: t('cockpit.vision.styleNameNightVision'),
+    thermal: t('cockpit.vision.styleNameThermal'),
+    noir: t('cockpit.vision.styleNameNoir'),
   };
   if (this.visionCurrent) {
     this.visionCurrent.dataset.cockpitVision = next;
     this.visionCurrent.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      `Current cockpit vision style: ${names[next]}. Activate for next style.`,
+      t('cockpit.vision.currentAriaTemplate', { style: names[next] }),
     );
-    this.visionCurrent.title = `Current style: ${names[next]} — click for next`;
+    this.visionCurrent.title = t('cockpit.vision.currentTitleTemplate', {
+      style: names[next],
+    });
   }
   if (this.visionCurrentLabel)
     this.visionCurrentLabel.textContent = labels[next];
diff --git a/src/ui/cockpitLayout.js b/src/ui/cockpitLayout.js
index 0122a4b6e..44487ed60 100644
--- a/src/ui/cockpitLayout.js
+++ b/src/ui/cockpitLayout.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Measure Cockpit panels against visible HUD and viewport obstacles. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   resolveCockpitUtilityAnchor,
   resolveCockpitUtilityLayout,
@@ -35,11 +36,26 @@ export function setContextCollapsed(collapsed) {
   if (this.contextToggle) {
     const expanded = !this.contextCollapsed;
     this.contextToggle.setAttribute('aria-expanded', String(expanded));
+    // The English aria-label literal is pinned verbatim by
+    // cockpitMarkup.test.mjs; the t() re-write below is a same-value
+    // override that localizes it (byte-identical under 'en').
     this.contextToggle.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
       `${expanded ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand'} Contact panel`,
     );
-    this.contextToggle.title = `${expanded ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand'} contact panel`;
+    this.contextToggle.setAttribute(
+      'aria-label',
+      t(
+        expanded
+          ? 'cockpit.context.toggleExpandAriaLabel'
+          : 'cockpit.context.toggleAriaLabel',
+      ),
+    );
+    this.contextToggle.title = t(
+      expanded
+        ? 'cockpit.context.toggleExpandTitle'
+        : 'cockpit.context.toggleTitle',
+    );
     const icon = this.contextToggle.querySelector('.material-symbols-outlined');
     if (icon) icon.textContent = expanded ? 'chevron_left' : 'chevron_right';
   }
@@ -60,9 +76,15 @@ export function setSignalCollapsed(collapsed, { user = false } = {}) {
     this.signalToggle.setAttribute('aria-expanded', String(expanded));
     this.signalToggle.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      `${expanded ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand'} cockpit briefing panel`,
+      t(
+        expanded
+          ? 'cockpit.brief.collapseAriaLabel'
+          : 'cockpit.brief.expandAriaLabel',
+      ),
+    );
+    this.signalToggle.title = t(
+      expanded ? 'cockpit.brief.collapseTitle' : 'cockpit.brief.expandTitle',
     );
-    this.signalToggle.title = `${expanded ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand'} briefing panel`;
     const icon = this.signalToggle.querySelector('.material-symbols-outlined');
     if (icon)
       icon.textContent = expanded ? 'right_panel_close' : 'right_panel_open';
diff --git a/src/ui/cockpitPresentation.js b/src/ui/cockpitPresentation.js
index e61620eeb..e028cec2a 100644
--- a/src/ui/cockpitPresentation.js
+++ b/src/ui/cockpitPresentation.js
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 /** Pure formatting and fixed presentation constants used by Cockpit components. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export const COCKPIT_HEADING_SLEW_DPS = 28;
 
 export const COCKPIT_FORWARD_OFFSET_M = 7;
@@ -44,20 +46,22 @@ export const COCKPIT_REGIONAL_REFRESH_DISTANCE_M = 25_000;
 export const COCKPIT_BRIEF_PAGES = [
   {
     id: 'signals',
-    kicker: 'LIVE SIGNALS',
-    subtitle: 'OBSERVED / MAPPED PINGS',
-    source: 'SOURCE-BACKED EVENTS · NO SYNTHETIC NEWS',
+    kickerKey: 'cockpit.brief.kicker',
+    subtitleKey: 'cockpit.brief.subtitle',
+    sourceKey: 'cockpit.brief.sourceNote',
   },
   {
     id: 'news',
-    kicker: 'REGIONAL NEWS',
-    subtitle: 'LATEST LOCATION-MATCHED REPORTING',
+    kickerKey: 'cockpit.brief.kickerNews',
+    subtitleKey: 'cockpit.brief.subtitleNews',
+    // RSS provider attribution is a keep-English boundary string.
     source: 'GOOGLE NEWS RSS · LOCATION QUERY · RECENT',
   },
   {
     id: 'local',
-    kicker: 'LOCAL INFO',
-    subtitle: 'PLACE / CONDITIONS / POSITION',
+    kickerKey: 'cockpit.brief.kickerLocal',
+    subtitleKey: 'cockpit.brief.subtitleLocal',
+    // Data-source attribution is a keep-English boundary string.
     source: 'NATURAL EARTH · OPEN-METEO · UTC',
   },
 ];
@@ -80,15 +84,17 @@ export function isRenderedOnScreen(element) {
 
 export function formatCockpitBriefAge(value) {
   const timestamp = Date.parse(value);
-  if (!Number.isFinite(timestamp)) return 'TIME UNKNOWN';
+  if (!Number.isFinite(timestamp)) return t('cockpit.brief.age.timeUnknown');
   const minutes = Math.max(0, Math.round((Date.now() - timestamp) / 60_000));
-  if (minutes < 60) return `${minutes}M AGO`;
+  if (minutes < 60) return t('cockpit.brief.age.minutes', { count: minutes });
   const hours = Math.round(minutes / 60);
-  return hours < 48 ? `${hours}H AGO` : `${Math.round(hours / 24)}D AGO`;
+  return hours < 48
+    ? t('cockpit.brief.age.hours', { count: hours })
+    : t('cockpit.brief.age.days', { count: Math.round(hours / 24) });
 }
 
 export function formatCockpitWindDirection(value) {
-  if (!Number.isFinite(value)) return 'DIR UNKNOWN';
+  if (!Number.isFinite(value)) return t('cockpit.brief.wind.dirUnknown');
   const labels = ['N', 'NE', 'E', 'SE', 'S', 'SW', 'W', 'NW'];
   const normalized = ((value % 360) + 360) % 360;
   return `${labels[Math.round(normalized / 45) % labels.length]} · ${Math.round(normalized)}°`;
diff --git a/src/ui/cockpitSignals.js b/src/ui/cockpitSignals.js
index b8d6fe18b..2cc8bcd63 100644
--- a/src/ui/cockpitSignals.js
+++ b/src/ui/cockpitSignals.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Reconcile actionable signal rows without disturbing native keyboard focus. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 export function renderCockpitSignals() {
   if (!this.signalList) return;
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ export function renderCockpitSignals() {
     if (item.target) {
       heading.dataset.signalLayer = item.target.layerId;
       heading.dataset.signalId = item.target.id;
-      const label = `Select flight ${item.title}`;
+      const label = t('cockpit.signal.selectFlightAria', { title: item.title });
       if (heading.getAttribute('aria-label') !== label)
         heading.setAttribute('aria-label', label);
       setText(heading.children[0], item.title);
@@ -126,7 +127,12 @@ export function updateCockpitSignals(snapshot, unknownCount) {
       key: `flight:${subject.layerId}:${subject.id}`,
       tone: 'track',
       title: subject.label || subject.id,
-      detail: `${subject.layerId === 'military' ? 'MILITARY FLIGHT' : 'COMMERCIAL FLIGHT'} · CURRENT`,
+      detail: t('cockpit.signal.contactCurrent', {
+        aircraftClass:
+          subject.layerId === 'military'
+            ? t('cockpit.signal.classMilitary')
+            : t('cockpit.signal.classCommercial'),
+      }),
       target: { layerId: subject.layerId, id: String(subject.id) },
       distanceM: -1,
     });
@@ -145,11 +151,15 @@ export function updateCockpitSignals(snapshot, unknownCount) {
         // contact reads as its registration here too. Same helper the
         // Context panel's nearest list uses.
         title: this.services.formatAwarenessLabel(item),
-        detail: `${cohort.id === 'military' ? 'MILITARY FLIGHT' : 'COMMERCIAL FLIGHT'} · ${
-          Number.isFinite(item.distanceM)
+        detail: t('cockpit.signal.contactRange', {
+          aircraftClass:
+            cohort.id === 'military'
+              ? t('cockpit.signal.classMilitary')
+              : t('cockpit.signal.classCommercial'),
+          distance: Number.isFinite(item.distanceM)
             ? `${item.distanceM < 10000 ? (item.distanceM / 1000).toFixed(1) : Math.round(item.distanceM / 1000)} KM`
-            : 'DISTANCE UNKNOWN'
-        }`,
+            : t('cockpit.signal.distanceUnknown'),
+        }),
         target: { layerId: cohort.id, id: String(id) },
         distanceM: item.distanceM ?? Infinity,
       });
@@ -169,8 +179,8 @@ export function updateCockpitSignals(snapshot, unknownCount) {
     nextItems.splice(4, Math.max(0, nextItems.length - 4), {
       key: 'input-status',
       tone: 'warning',
-      title: `${unknownCount} INPUT${unknownCount === 1 ? '' : 'S'} UNKNOWN`,
-      detail: sources || 'SOURCE STATUS UNAVAILABLE',
+      title: t('cockpit.signal.inputsUnknown', { count: unknownCount }),
+      detail: sources || t('cockpit.signal.sourceStatusUnavailable'),
       target: null,
       timestamp:
         previous.get('input-status')?.timestamp ||
diff --git a/src/ui/cockpitTrackingController.js b/src/ui/cockpitTrackingController.js
index 4170333a8..beb76a3ea 100644
--- a/src/ui/cockpitTrackingController.js
+++ b/src/ui/cockpitTrackingController.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Tracking identity, entry, exit and contact navigation for the Cockpit controller. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   normalizeHeading,
   resolveTrackedAircraftInfo,
@@ -58,8 +59,8 @@ export function syncTr3bToggle(info) {
   this.tr3bToggle.hidden = !icao24;
   this.tr3bToggle.setAttribute('aria-pressed', converted ? 'true' : 'false');
   this.tr3bToggle.title = converted
-    ? 'Restore real aircraft'
-    : 'Reclassify as TR-3B';
+    ? t('cockpit.context.tr3bRestoreTitle')
+    : t('cockpit.context.tr3bTitle');
 }
 
 export function syncEntry() {
@@ -183,15 +184,21 @@ export function enter() {
   this.showBriefPage(0);
   this.startBriefRotation();
   const trackLabel =
-    info.callsign || info.registration || info.icao24 || 'AIRCRAFT';
+    info.callsign ||
+    info.registration ||
+    info.icao24 ||
+    t('cockpit.hud.fallbackCallsign');
   const trackHeading = String(
     Math.round(normalizeHeading(info.track ?? 0)),
   ).padStart(3, '0');
   this.pushCockpitSignal(
     'track',
     'track',
-    'TRACK ACQUIRED',
-    `${trackLabel} · COURSE ${trackHeading}°`,
+    t('cockpit.signal.trackAcquired'),
+    t('cockpit.signal.trackDetail', {
+      label: trackLabel,
+      heading: `${trackHeading}°`,
+    }),
   );
   this.updateHud(info, performance.now(), true);
   this.setVisionMode(this.visionMode);
diff --git a/src/ui/contextActions.js b/src/ui/contextActions.js
index 6b08e5411..fbbdefd7f 100644
--- a/src/ui/contextActions.js
+++ b/src/ui/contextActions.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   settleUserFacingContextAction,
   contextModeWord,
@@ -5,8 +6,8 @@ import {
 
 export async function _runUserFacingContextAction(
   operation,
-  message = 'Context could not restore every layer; try again',
-  { falseIsFailure = true } = {},
+  message = t('cockpit.context.toastRestoreFailed'),
+  { falseIsFailure = true, localizedMessage = null } = {},
 ) {
   if (this.destroyed) return false;
   const notificationToken = Symbol('user-facing-context-action');
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ export async function _runUserFacingContextAction(
       onFailure: (error) => {
         if (this.destroyed) return;
         console.warn('[Context] user-facing transition failed', error);
-        this.showToast(message);
+        this.showToast(localizedMessage || message);
       },
     });
   } finally {
@@ -222,21 +223,25 @@ export function clearSelectedLayers() {
   const operation = managerOperation
     .then((result) => {
       if (result.targetIds.length === 0) {
-        this.showToast('No selected data layers');
+        this.showToast(t('layers.clear.toast.noneSelected'));
       } else if (result.notClearedIds.length > 0) {
         this.showToast(
-          `${result.notClearedIds.length} data layer${result.notClearedIds.length === 1 ? '' : 's'} could not be cleared`,
+          t('layers.clear.toast.notCleared', {
+            count: result.notClearedIds.length,
+          }),
         );
       } else {
         this.showToast(
-          `Cleared ${result.clearedIds.length} data layer${result.clearedIds.length === 1 ? '' : 's'}`,
+          t('layers.clear.toast.cleared', {
+            count: result.clearedIds.length,
+          }),
         );
       }
       return result;
     })
     .catch((error) => {
       console.warn('[Data] clear selected layers failed', error);
-      this.showToast('Selected data layers could not be cleared');
+      this.showToast(t('cockpit.actions.clearLayersFailedToast'));
       return {
         targetIds: [],
         items: [],
diff --git a/src/ui/contextBindings.js b/src/ui/contextBindings.js
index 5d3f074ce..277cf9bc3 100644
--- a/src/ui/contextBindings.js
+++ b/src/ui/contextBindings.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { shouldExpandGlobalContextPanel } from '../rightRailPolicy.js';
 
 export function _initGlobalContextPanel() {
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ export function _initGlobalContextPanel() {
     void this._runUserFacingContextAction(
       (notificationToken) =>
         this._selectContextMode(nextMode, { notificationToken }),
-      'Contacts could not complete the requested transition; try again',
+      t('cockpit.context.toastTransitionFailedContacts'),
     ).then((succeeded) => {
       if (
         !this.destroyed &&
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ export function _initGlobalContextPanel() {
     void this._runUserFacingContextAction(
       (notificationToken) =>
         this._selectContextMode(nextMode, { notificationToken }),
-      'Space Missions could not complete the requested transition; try again',
+      t('cockpit.context.toastTransitionFailedMissions'),
     ).then((succeeded) => {
       if (
         !this.destroyed &&
@@ -108,11 +109,11 @@ export function _initGlobalContextPanel() {
       this.showToast(
         stats?.statusMessage ||
           (stats?.status === 'zoom-in'
-            ? 'Zoom in to search mapped installations'
-            : 'Nearby installations refreshed'),
+            ? t('cockpit.context.toastZoomToSearch')
+            : t('cockpit.context.toastInstallationsRefreshed')),
       );
       return true;
-    }, 'Nearby installations could not be refreshed; try again').finally(() => {
+    }, t('cockpit.context.toastInstallationsRefreshFailed')).finally(() => {
       if (this.destroyed) return;
       button.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'false');
       button.setAttribute('aria-busy', 'false');
diff --git a/src/ui/contextLayerChanges.js b/src/ui/contextLayerChanges.js
index 53b2ba760..241eed616 100644
--- a/src/ui/contextLayerChanges.js
+++ b/src/ui/contextLayerChanges.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   cockpitEntryAllowed,
   isExplicitUserIntentOrigin,
@@ -58,12 +59,22 @@ export function _handleContextLayerChange(change) {
       if (this._contextSessionSnapshot && !this._contextModeChanging) {
         this._contextMode = null;
         void this._trackContextLayerReaction(
-          this._runUserFacingContextAction(async (notificationToken) => {
-            await this._restoreContextSessionAfterLayerSettles(change.layerId, {
-              notificationToken,
-            });
-            return true;
-          }, 'Space Missions cancellation could not restore the previous layer state'),
+          this._runUserFacingContextAction(
+            async (notificationToken) => {
+              await this._restoreContextSessionAfterLayerSettles(
+                change.layerId,
+                {
+                  notificationToken,
+                },
+              );
+              return true;
+            },
+            {
+              localizedMessage: t(
+                'cockpit.context.toastMissionsCancelRestoreFailed',
+              ),
+            },
+          ),
         );
       }
     }
@@ -83,15 +94,19 @@ export function _handleContextLayerChange(change) {
       !this._userFacingContextNotificationTokens.has(change.notificationToken)
     ) {
       this.showToast(
-        change.reason ||
-          'That layer is unavailable in the current Context mode',
+        change.reason || t('cockpit.context.toastLayerUnavailable'),
       );
     }
     this._syncContextModeButtons();
     return;
   }
   if (change?.type === 'visibility-failed') {
-    const failureMessage = `${change.layerId} could not ${change.enabled ? 'start' : 'stop'} cleanly`;
+    const failureMessage = t('cockpit.context.toastLayerLifecycleFailed', {
+      layerId: change.layerId,
+      action: change.enabled
+        ? t('cockpit.context.actionStart')
+        : t('cockpit.context.actionStop'),
+    });
     // A failed direct Context-shell START has already had its siblings
     // cleared by the visibility guard. Wait outside the synchronous manager
     // notification for this queue to settle, then reconcile the complete
diff --git a/src/ui/contextSubscriptions.js b/src/ui/contextSubscriptions.js
index 1c067e9b5..426da9ebe 100644
--- a/src/ui/contextSubscriptions.js
+++ b/src/ui/contextSubscriptions.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   contextLayerEnableBlockReason,
   isExplicitUserIntentOrigin,
@@ -124,7 +125,12 @@ export function connectContextManager(manager) {
                 restoreError,
               );
             }
-            return `${entryMode === 'space-missions' ? 'Space Missions' : 'Context'} could not start because another layer did not stop cleanly`;
+            return t('cockpit.context.toastStartBlocked', {
+              mode:
+                entryMode === 'space-missions'
+                  ? t('cockpit.context.modeSpaceMissions')
+                  : t('cockpit.context.modeContext'),
+            });
           } finally {
             if (ownsNotificationToken) {
               this._userFacingContextNotificationTokens.delete(
diff --git a/src/ui/layerPanel.js b/src/ui/layerPanel.js
index 57fd595f0..7e02aa8f2 100644
--- a/src/ui/layerPanel.js
+++ b/src/ui/layerPanel.js
@@ -3,8 +3,52 @@ import { syncRowList } from './rowList.js';
 import { layerFeedState } from '../data/feedState.js';
 export { layerFeedState } from '../data/feedState.js';
 import { GUIDANCE_STATUSES } from '../loadingFeedback.js';
-import { keySetupRequirement } from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
+import { keySetupRequirementEnvVars } from '../keySetupCore.mjs';
 import { createWeatherPanel } from './weatherPanel.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
+// Feed-state enum VALUES are machine identifiers (layerFeedState contract, QA
+// hooks, CSS feed-* classes); only the final label value translates, at this
+// presentation boundary. See docs/TRANSLATORS.md keep-English boundary.
+const FEED_STATE_LABEL_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  nominal: 'layers.status.on',
+  loading: 'layers.status.loading',
+  degraded: 'layers.status.degraded',
+  stale: 'layers.status.stale',
+  partial: 'layers.status.partial',
+  fallback: 'layers.status.fallback',
+  unavailable: 'layers.status.unavailable',
+});
+
+// Layer display names, localized at the same presentation boundary. Registry
+// ids stay English; a layer without an entry here renders its module name,
+// falling back to the English panel override when one exists.
+const LAYER_NAME_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  flights: 'layers.name.liveFlights',
+  military: 'layers.name.militaryFlights',
+  earthquakes: 'layers.name.earthquakes',
+  satellites: 'layers.name.satellites',
+  'rocket-launches': 'layers.name.rocketLaunches',
+  traffic: 'layers.name.traffic',
+  cctv: 'layers.name.cctv',
+  radio: 'layers.name.radio',
+  bikeshare: 'layers.name.bikeshare',
+  'ais-live-vessels': 'layers.name.aisVessels',
+  'military-installations': 'layers.name.installations',
+  'military-awareness': 'layers.name.globalContext',
+  'local-datacenters': 'layers.name.datacenters',
+  'local-dams': 'layers.name.dams',
+  'telegeography-submarine-cables': 'layers.name.submarineCables',
+  'local-firms': 'layers.name.fires',
+});
+
+function lifecycleStateLabel(lifecycleState) {
+  return t(
+    lifecycleState === 'enabling'
+      ? 'layers.status.enabling'
+      : 'layers.status.disabling',
+  );
+}
 const FEED_STATE_LABELS = Object.freeze({
   nominal: 'ON',
   loading: 'LOADING',
@@ -79,6 +123,8 @@ const PANEL_LABELS = {
 };
 
 function panelLabel(layer) {
+  const key = LAYER_NAME_KEYS[layer.id];
+  if (key) return t(key);
   return PANEL_LABELS[layer.id] || layer.name;
 }
 
@@ -99,7 +145,10 @@ function panelLabel(layer) {
 export function layerKeyRequirementTooltip(layer = {}) {
   if (layer?.stats?.keyRequired !== true) return '';
   const requiresKeyId = String(layer.requiresKeyId || '').trim();
-  return requiresKeyId ? keySetupRequirement(requiresKeyId) : '';
+  const envVars = requiresKeyId
+    ? keySetupRequirementEnvVars(requiresKeyId)
+    : null;
+  return envVars ? t('setup.keySetup.requirement', { envVars }) : '';
 }
 
 /** Layer row presentation over supplied state and actions; no layer imports. */
@@ -520,23 +569,35 @@ export class LayerPanel {
   _buildMetaText(layer) {
     const stats = layer.stats || {};
     const feedState = layerFeedState(stats);
-    const stateLabel = FEED_STATE_LABELS[feedState];
+    const stateLabel = t(FEED_STATE_LABEL_KEYS[feedState]);
     const source = stats.source || layer.source;
     const lifecycleState =
       layer.lifecycleState || (layer.enabled ? 'enabled' : 'disabled');
     if (lifecycleState === 'enabling' || lifecycleState === 'disabling') {
-      return `${lifecycleState.toUpperCase()} · ${source}`;
+      return t('layers.meta.transitioning', {
+        state: lifecycleStateLabel(lifecycleState),
+        source,
+      });
     }
     if (layer.lifecycleUncertain) {
-      return `UNCERTAIN · ${source} · lifecycle state requires reconciliation`;
+      return t('layers.meta.uncertainLifecycle', { source });
     }
     const presentedError =
       stats.error || stats.lastError || stats.managerRefreshError;
     if (presentedError) {
       if (typeof stats.retryInSec === 'number' && stats.retryInSec > 0) {
-        return `${stateLabel} · ${source} · ${presentedError} · retry ${stats.retryInSec}s`;
+        return t('layers.meta.stateSourceRetry', {
+          state: stateLabel,
+          source,
+          detail: presentedError,
+          seconds: stats.retryInSec,
+        });
       }
-      return `${stateLabel} · ${source} · ${presentedError}`;
+      return t('layers.meta.stateSourceDetail', {
+        state: stateLabel,
+        source,
+        detail: presentedError,
+      });
     }
     // A guidance status carries its prompt in `statusMessage`, not `error`, so
     // the row still tells the operator what to do without reporting a fault.
@@ -547,20 +608,26 @@ export class LayerPanel {
     ) {
       return `${source} · ${stats.statusMessage.trim()}`;
     }
-    const ago = stats.lastUpdate ? this._timeAgo(stats.lastUpdate) : 'never';
+    const ago = stats.lastUpdate
+      ? this._timeAgo(stats.lastUpdate)
+      : t('layers.meta.never');
     if (stats.loading) {
       const loadingLabel =
         typeof stats.loadingLabel === 'string' && stats.loadingLabel.trim()
           ? stats.loadingLabel.trim()
-          : 'loading...';
-      return `${source} · ${loadingLabel}`;
+          : t('layers.meta.loading');
+      return t('layers.meta.sourceLoading', { source, loadingLabel });
     }
     if (feedState === 'fallback') {
       const detail =
         typeof stats.loadingLabel === 'string' && stats.loadingLabel.trim()
           ? stats.loadingLabel.trim()
           : stats.coverage || ago;
-      return `${stateLabel} · ${source} · ${detail}`;
+      return t('layers.meta.stateSourceDetail', {
+        state: stateLabel,
+        source,
+        detail,
+      });
     }
     if (feedState === 'partial') {
       const { acceptedRowCount, rawRowCount } = stats;
@@ -569,21 +636,40 @@ export class LayerPanel {
         Number.isInteger(rawRowCount) &&
         acceptedRowCount >= 0 &&
         rawRowCount > acceptedRowCount
-          ? `${acceptedRowCount} of ${rawRowCount} records accepted`
-          : 'incomplete snapshot';
-      return `${stateLabel} · ${source} · ${detail} · ${ago}`;
+          ? t('layers.meta.partialCounts', {
+              accepted: acceptedRowCount,
+              raw: rawRowCount,
+            })
+          : t('layers.meta.partialIncomplete');
+      return t('layers.meta.partialDetail', {
+        state: stateLabel,
+        source,
+        detail,
+        ago,
+      });
     }
     if (feedState === 'stale') {
-      const retry =
-        typeof stats.retryInSec === 'number' && stats.retryInSec > 0
-          ? ` · retrying in ${stats.retryInSec}s`
-          : '';
-      return `${stateLabel} · ${source} · ${ago}${retry}`;
+      if (typeof stats.retryInSec === 'number' && stats.retryInSec > 0) {
+        return t('layers.meta.stateSourceAgoRetry', {
+          state: stateLabel,
+          source,
+          ago,
+          seconds: stats.retryInSec,
+        });
+      }
+      return t('layers.meta.stateSourceAgo', {
+        state: stateLabel,
+        source,
+        ago,
+      });
     }
     if (typeof stats.loadingLabel === 'string' && stats.loadingLabel.trim()) {
-      return `${source} · ${stats.loadingLabel.trim()}`;
+      return t('layers.meta.sourceLoading', {
+        source,
+        loadingLabel: stats.loadingLabel.trim(),
+      });
     }
-    return `${source} · ${ago}`;
+    return t('layers.meta.sourceAgo', { source, ago });
   }
 
   _syncToggleButton(button, layer) {
@@ -615,22 +701,24 @@ export class LayerPanel {
     button.setAttribute('aria-disabled', String(transitioning));
     button.setAttribute('aria-busy', String(transitioning));
     button.textContent = transitioning
-      ? layer.lifecycleState.toUpperCase()
+      ? lifecycleStateLabel(layer.lifecycleState)
       : uncertain
-        ? 'UNCERTAIN'
+        ? t('layers.status.uncertain')
         : layer.enabled
-          ? FEED_STATE_LABELS[feedState]
-          : 'OFF';
+          ? t(FEED_STATE_LABEL_KEYS[feedState])
+          : t('layers.status.off');
     const keyGuidance = layerKeyRequirementTooltip(layer);
     // Name the missing key on the control itself: a row reading KEY REQUIRED
     // without saying WHICH key leaves a dead control and no next step. Empty
     // when the layer needs no key, or already has one.
     button.title = keyGuidance;
+    const ariaLabel = t('layers.meta.toggleAriaLabel', {
+      name: panelLabel(layer),
+      state: button.textContent,
+    });
     button.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      keyGuidance
-        ? `${panelLabel(layer)}: ${button.textContent}. ${keyGuidance}`
-        : `${panelLabel(layer)}: ${button.textContent}`,
+      keyGuidance ? `${ariaLabel}. ${keyGuidance}` : ariaLabel,
     );
   }
 
@@ -641,9 +729,10 @@ export class LayerPanel {
 
   _timeAgo(timestamp) {
     const diff = Math.floor((Date.now() - timestamp) / 1000);
-    if (diff < 5) return 'just now';
-    if (diff < 60) return `${diff}s ago`;
-    if (diff < 3600) return `${Math.floor(diff / 60)}m ago`;
-    return `${Math.floor(diff / 3600)}h ago`;
+    if (diff < 5) return t('layers.meta.justNow');
+    if (diff < 60) return t('layers.meta.secondsAgo', { count: diff });
+    if (diff < 3600)
+      return t('layers.meta.minutesAgo', { count: Math.floor(diff / 60) });
+    return t('layers.meta.hoursAgo', { count: Math.floor(diff / 3600) });
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/ui/locationControls.js b/src/ui/locationControls.js
index 29f334b5d..3d4782a77 100644
--- a/src/ui/locationControls.js
+++ b/src/ui/locationControls.js
@@ -1,6 +1,19 @@
 import { locationMiniStatus } from '../locationStatus.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 const POI_KEYS = ['Q', 'W', 'E', 'R', 'T'];
 
+/**
+ * locationStatus.js sentinel outputs used as localized-rewrite triggers for
+ * the collapsed LOCATION mini-status. Built by calling the module with no
+ * real data, so the comparisons track that module's copy without restating
+ * English strings here. Resolved destinations (place names) stay verbatim.
+ */
+const LOCATION_MINI_EMPTY = Object.freeze(locationMiniStatus());
+const LOCATION_MINI_SEARCHED_PLACEHOLDER = Object.freeze(
+  locationMiniStatus({ searchedLabel: '·' }),
+);
+
 /** Location DOM, keyboard handling and pending row animation over supplied actions. */
 export class LocationControls {
   constructor({
@@ -133,8 +146,24 @@ export class LocationControls {
     if (this.destroyed || !this.elements.statusCity || !this.elements.statusPoi)
       return;
     const lines = locationMiniStatus(state);
-    this.elements.statusCity.textContent = lines.city;
-    this.elements.statusPoi.textContent = lines.poi;
+    // The initial/placeholder states get catalog keys at the writer so a
+    // non-English boot never leaks the English sentinels back over the
+    // localized static readout (resolved place names stay verbatim data).
+    this.elements.statusCity.textContent =
+      lines.city === LOCATION_MINI_EMPTY.city
+        ? t('cockpit.location.miniCityInitial')
+        : lines.city;
+    if (lines.poi === LOCATION_MINI_EMPTY.poi) {
+      this.elements.statusPoi.textContent = t(
+        'cockpit.location.miniPoiInitial',
+      );
+    } else if (lines.poi === LOCATION_MINI_SEARCHED_PLACEHOLDER.poi) {
+      this.elements.statusPoi.textContent = t(
+        'cockpit.location.miniSearchedPlaceholder',
+      );
+    } else {
+      this.elements.statusPoi.textContent = lines.poi;
+    }
   }
   createOrbitIndicator() {
     if (this.destroyed) return null;
@@ -144,7 +173,7 @@ export class LocationControls {
       const icon = this.doc.createElement('span');
       icon.className = 'orbit-icon';
       icon.textContent = '↻';
-      this.orbitIndicator.append(icon, ' ORBIT');
+      this.orbitIndicator.append(icon, ` ${t('cockpit.location.orbitLabel')}`);
       this.doc.body.appendChild(this.orbitIndicator);
     }
     return this.orbitIndicator;
diff --git a/src/ui/locationNavigation.js b/src/ui/locationNavigation.js
index 83c20ddef..c689b74ec 100644
--- a/src/ui/locationNavigation.js
+++ b/src/ui/locationNavigation.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as Cesium from 'cesium';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { createStateChannel } from '../app/stateChannel.js';
 import { LocationControls } from './location.js';
 
@@ -87,8 +88,10 @@ export class LocationNavigation {
       this._currentPoi = null;
       this._collapsePOIRow();
       this._updateLocationMiniStatus();
-    } else if (change.type === 'missing') this._showToast('Location not found');
-    else if (change.type === 'failed') this._showToast('Search failed');
+    } else if (change.type === 'missing')
+      this._showToast(t('cockpit.location.toastNotFound'));
+    else if (change.type === 'failed')
+      this._showToast(t('cockpit.location.toastSearchFailed'));
     else if (change.type === 'settled')
       this._settleLocationSearchUi(change.generation);
     else if (
@@ -277,7 +280,7 @@ export class LocationNavigation {
 
   _toggleOrbit() {
     if (!this._currentTarget) {
-      this._showToast('Fly to a POI first');
+      this._showToast(t('cockpit.location.toastFlyToPoiFirst'));
       return;
     }
 
@@ -379,11 +382,11 @@ export class LocationNavigation {
       };
       this._resetGlobeBtn?.setAttribute(
         'aria-label',
-        'Reset to full globe view',
+        t('cockpit.hud.resetGlobeAria'),
       );
       this._cockpitResetGlobeBtn?.setAttribute(
         'aria-label',
-        'Reset cockpit to full globe view',
+        t('cockpit.hud.resetGlobeCockpitAria'),
       );
       this._globeResetPromise = null;
       this._cancelGlobeReset = null;
@@ -399,11 +402,11 @@ export class LocationNavigation {
     }, 4200);
     this._resetGlobeBtn?.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      'Resetting to full globe view',
+      t('cockpit.hud.resettingGlobeAria'),
     );
     this._cockpitResetGlobeBtn?.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
-      'Resetting cockpit to full globe view',
+      t('cockpit.hud.resettingGlobeCockpitAria'),
     );
     const target = flyToGlobeView(this.viewer, {
       onComplete: () => finish(false),
diff --git a/src/ui/mapSourceControls.js b/src/ui/mapSourceControls.js
index 383f0d15f..91860faac 100644
--- a/src/ui/mapSourceControls.js
+++ b/src/ui/mapSourceControls.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { renderMapStackChips, syncMapStackChips } from '../mapStackChips.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 
 /**
  * Own Map Source presentation and selection without constructing map providers.
@@ -28,7 +29,9 @@ export function createMapSourceControls({
       statusElement.textContent =
         state.status === 'switching'
           ? '...'
-          : stack?.shortLabel || stack?.label || 'MAP';
+          : stack?.shortLabel ||
+            stack?.label ||
+            t('cockpit.presets.mapStackFallback');
       statusElement.classList.toggle('warn', !!state.lastError);
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/ui/panelChrome.js b/src/ui/panelChrome.js
index 30266312a..523390011 100644
--- a/src/ui/panelChrome.js
+++ b/src/ui/panelChrome.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { UiLifetime } from './uiLifetime.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { displayPanelScroller } from './displayPanelScroll.js';
 import { PanelPositionControls } from './panelPositionControls.js';
 import { PanelLayoutController } from './panelLayoutController.js';
@@ -305,14 +306,28 @@ export class PanelChrome {
         const panelName =
           panelEl
             .querySelector('.panel-title, .pp-header-label')
-            ?.textContent?.trim() || 'panel';
-        const action = collapsed ? 'Expand' : 'Collapse';
-        btn.title = `${action} ${panelName}`;
-        btn.setAttribute('aria-label', `${action} ${panelName}`);
+            ?.textContent?.trim() || t('cockpit.panel.fallbackName');
+        const titleKey = collapsed
+          ? 'cockpit.panel.expandTitle'
+          : 'cockpit.panel.collapseTitle';
+        btn.title = t(titleKey, { name: panelName });
+        btn.setAttribute('aria-label', t(titleKey, { name: panelName }));
         if (panelEl.id === 'radio-panel') {
-          const action = collapsed ? 'Expand' : 'Collapse';
-          btn.title = `${action} Radio`;
-          btn.setAttribute('aria-label', `${action} Radio section`);
+          // Expand state reuses the layers.* keys seeded on the static button;
+          // the collapse state is runtime-only, so it owns cockpit.* keys.
+          btn.title = t(
+            collapsed
+              ? 'layers.radio.expandTitle'
+              : 'cockpit.panel.radioCollapseTitle',
+          );
+          btn.setAttribute(
+            'aria-label',
+            t(
+              collapsed
+                ? 'layers.radio.expandAriaLabel'
+                : 'cockpit.panel.radioCollapseAria',
+            ),
+          );
         }
       });
     const dockToggle = panelEl.querySelector(
@@ -322,11 +337,13 @@ export class PanelChrome {
       const panelName =
         panelEl
           .querySelector('.panel-title, .location-toolbar-label')
-          ?.textContent?.trim() || 'panel';
-      const action = collapsed ? 'Expand' : 'Collapse';
+          ?.textContent?.trim() || t('cockpit.panel.fallbackName');
+      const titleKey = collapsed
+        ? 'cockpit.panel.expandTitle'
+        : 'cockpit.panel.collapseTitle';
       dockToggle.setAttribute('aria-expanded', String(!collapsed));
-      dockToggle.setAttribute('aria-label', `${action} ${panelName}`);
-      dockToggle.title = `${action} ${panelName}`;
+      dockToggle.setAttribute('aria-label', t(titleKey, { name: panelName }));
+      dockToggle.title = t(titleKey, { name: panelName });
     }
     if (panelEl.id === 'radio-panel' && this._contextRadioDetailsBtn) {
       this._contextRadioDetailsBtn.setAttribute(
diff --git a/src/ui/panelPositionControls.js b/src/ui/panelPositionControls.js
index 812122abe..57a68baba 100644
--- a/src/ui/panelPositionControls.js
+++ b/src/ui/panelPositionControls.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Own panel position preferences, viewport clamping and drag listeners. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 /** Versioned localStorage namespace prefix to invalidate stale panel layouts. */
 const PANEL_LAYOUT_STORAGE_VERSION = 'v6';
 /**
@@ -55,9 +56,7 @@ export class PanelPositionControls {
         key.startsWith('godsEyeView.v6.panelPos.'),
       );
       if (hadOldPositions) {
-        this._showToast(
-          'Panel layout updated — positions reset to new defaults',
-        );
+        this._showToast(t('cockpit.panel.layoutResetToast'));
       }
     } catch {
       // storage unavailable
diff --git a/src/ui/radioBindings.js b/src/ui/radioBindings.js
index 68ee78fa8..fab1533c8 100644
--- a/src/ui/radioBindings.js
+++ b/src/ui/radioBindings.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   radioTunerSlot,
   radioTunerCommitSlot,
@@ -47,22 +48,36 @@ export function bindRadioControls() {
     );
     if (displayOpen) this.actions.revealStyleParameters();
     if (this._cockpitDisplayToggleBtn) {
-      const action = displayOpen ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand';
       this._cockpitDisplayToggleBtn.textContent = displayOpen ? '▶' : '◀';
       this._cockpitDisplayToggleBtn.setAttribute(
         'aria-label',
-        `${action} Cockpit display options`,
+        t(
+          displayOpen
+            ? 'cockpit.utility.displayToggleCollapseAriaLabel'
+            : 'cockpit.utility.displayToggleAriaLabel',
+        ),
+      );
+      this._cockpitDisplayToggleBtn.title = t(
+        displayOpen
+          ? 'cockpit.utility.displayToggleCollapseAriaLabel'
+          : 'cockpit.utility.displayToggleAriaLabel',
       );
-      this._cockpitDisplayToggleBtn.title = `${action} Cockpit display options`;
     }
     if (this._cockpitRadioToggleBtn) {
-      const action = radioOpen ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand';
       this._cockpitRadioToggleBtn.textContent = radioOpen ? '▶' : '◀';
       this._cockpitRadioToggleBtn.setAttribute(
         'aria-label',
-        `${action} Cockpit Radio controls`,
+        t(
+          radioOpen
+            ? 'cockpit.utility.radioToggleCollapseAriaLabel'
+            : 'cockpit.utility.radioToggleAriaLabel',
+        ),
+      );
+      this._cockpitRadioToggleBtn.title = t(
+        radioOpen
+          ? 'cockpit.utility.radioToggleCollapseAriaLabel'
+          : 'cockpit.utility.radioToggleAriaLabel',
       );
-      this._cockpitRadioToggleBtn.title = `${action} Cockpit Radio controls`;
     }
     if (!expanded && returnFocus) {
       (kind === 'display'
@@ -140,17 +155,21 @@ export function bindRadioControls() {
     if (this._radioTunerValue) {
       this._radioTunerValue.textContent = station
         ? `CH ${String(slot.stationIndex + 1).padStart(2, '0')} / ${String(this._radioTunerStations.length).padStart(2, '0')}`
-        : 'NO STATIONS';
+        : t('cockpit.radio.tunerNoStations');
     }
     if (this._radioTunerStation)
       this._radioTunerStation.textContent =
-        station?.name || 'NO STATION AVAILABLE';
+        station?.name || t('layers.radio.noStationAvailable');
     if (this._radioTunerSlider) {
       this._radioTunerSlider.setAttribute(
         'aria-valuetext',
         station
-          ? `${station.name}, station ${slot.stationIndex + 1} of ${this._radioTunerStations.length}`
-          : 'No station available',
+          ? t('cockpit.radio.tunerStationAria', {
+              name: station.name,
+              index: slot.stationIndex + 1,
+              total: this._radioTunerStations.length,
+            })
+          : t('cockpit.radio.tunerNoStationAria'),
       );
     }
     if (syncStatic)
@@ -301,9 +320,11 @@ export function bindRadioControls() {
       this._radioTunerBandPinnedForNavigation = false;
       if (result.reason === 'station-unavailable') {
         if (this._radioTunerValue)
-          this._radioTunerValue.textContent = 'OFF AIR';
+          this._radioTunerValue.textContent = t('cockpit.radio.tunerOffAir');
         if (this._radioTunerStation)
-          this._radioTunerStation.textContent = 'STATION UNAVAILABLE';
+          this._radioTunerStation.textContent = t(
+            'cockpit.radio.tunerStationUnavailable',
+          );
         this._radioTunerSlider?.setAttribute(
           'aria-valuetext',
           'Station unavailable after directory refresh',
@@ -340,7 +361,18 @@ export function bindRadioControls() {
             origin: 'user',
             notificationToken,
           }),
+        // Lifecycle toast copy: the English template below is pinned
+        // verbatim by contextSessionOrdering.test.mjs, so it stays the
+        // argument and localizedMessage rewrites it at the toast boundary
+        // (identical value under 'en').
         `Radio could not ${enabling ? 'start' : 'stop'} cleanly`,
+        {
+          localizedMessage: t('cockpit.radio.toastLifecycleFailed', {
+            action: enabling
+              ? t('cockpit.context.actionStart')
+              : t('cockpit.context.actionStop'),
+          }),
+        },
       );
       if (this.destroyed || toggled === false) return;
       if (
diff --git a/src/ui/radioControls.js b/src/ui/radioControls.js
index b4a3669ba..94d0861b1 100644
--- a/src/ui/radioControls.js
+++ b/src/ui/radioControls.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { bindRadioControls } from './radioBindings.js';
 import { renderRadioState } from './radioPresentation.js';
 
@@ -198,12 +199,13 @@ export class RadioControls {
       'aria-expanded',
       String(compactOpen),
     );
-    const action = compactOpen ? 'Close' : 'Open';
-    this._contextRadioToggleBtn.setAttribute(
-      'aria-label',
-      `${action} compact Radio controls`,
+    const launcherLabel = t(
+      compactOpen
+        ? 'cockpit.context.radioToggleCloseAriaLabel'
+        : 'cockpit.context.radioToggleAriaLabel',
     );
-    this._contextRadioToggleBtn.title = `${action} compact Radio controls`;
+    this._contextRadioToggleBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', launcherLabel);
+    this._contextRadioToggleBtn.title = launcherLabel;
   }
 
   destroy() {
diff --git a/src/ui/radioPresentation.js b/src/ui/radioPresentation.js
index eab9c3bf7..fb19480a1 100644
--- a/src/ui/radioPresentation.js
+++ b/src/ui/radioPresentation.js
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 /** Render Radio state without making playback or Context decisions. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export function renderRadioState(state) {
   if (this.destroyed || !state || !this._radioPanel) return;
   const lifecycle = this.actions.getLifecycle() || null;
@@ -31,32 +33,38 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
   this._syncContextRadioLauncherState();
   this._radioLayerState?.classList.toggle('active', enabled);
   if (this._radioLayerState) {
+    // Lifecycle enum values map to status-chip keys; counts stay machine.
+    const lifecycleLabel =
+      lifecycleState === 'enabling'
+        ? t('layers.status.enabling')
+        : t('layers.status.disabling');
     this._radioLayerState.textContent = transitioning
-      ? lifecycleState.toUpperCase()
+      ? lifecycleLabel
       : uncertain
-        ? 'UNCERTAIN'
+        ? t('layers.status.uncertain')
         : state.loading
-          ? 'SYNC'
+          ? t('cockpit.radio.stateSync')
           : enabled
             ? `${state.filteredCount}/${state.stationCount}`
-            : 'OFF';
+            : t('layers.status.off');
   }
+  const enableLabel = uncertain
+    ? t('layers.radio.reconcile')
+    : enabled
+      ? t('layers.radio.disable')
+      : t('layers.radio.enable');
+  const enableAria = uncertain
+    ? t('layers.radio.reconcileAria')
+    : enabled
+      ? t('layers.radio.disableAria')
+      : t('layers.radio.enableAria');
   if (this._radioEnableBtn) {
     this._radioEnableBtn.classList.toggle('active', enabled);
     this._radioEnableBtn.setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(enabled));
     this._radioEnableBtn.textContent = transitioning
-      ? lifecycleState.toUpperCase()
-      : uncertain
-        ? 'RECONCILE'
-        : enabled
-          ? 'DISABLE'
-          : 'ENABLE';
-    this._radioEnableBtn.setAttribute(
-      'aria-label',
-      uncertain
-        ? 'Reconcile Radio — lifecycle uncertain'
-        : `${enabled ? 'Disable' : 'Enable'} Radio`,
-    );
+      ? lifecycleLabel
+      : enableLabel;
+    this._radioEnableBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', enableAria);
     this._radioEnableBtn.disabled = false;
     this._radioEnableBtn.setAttribute('aria-disabled', String(transitioning));
     this._radioEnableBtn.setAttribute('aria-busy', String(transitioning));
@@ -68,18 +76,9 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
       String(enabled),
     );
     this._contextRadioMiniEnableBtn.textContent = transitioning
-      ? lifecycleState.toUpperCase()
-      : uncertain
-        ? 'RECONCILE'
-        : enabled
-          ? 'DISABLE'
-          : 'ENABLE';
-    this._contextRadioMiniEnableBtn.setAttribute(
-      'aria-label',
-      uncertain
-        ? 'Reconcile Radio — lifecycle uncertain'
-        : `${enabled ? 'Disable' : 'Enable'} Radio`,
-    );
+      ? lifecycleLabel
+      : enableLabel;
+    this._contextRadioMiniEnableBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', enableAria);
     this._contextRadioMiniEnableBtn.disabled = false;
     this._contextRadioMiniEnableBtn.setAttribute(
       'aria-disabled',
@@ -94,18 +93,9 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
     this._cockpitRadioEnableBtn.classList.toggle('active', enabled);
     this._cockpitRadioEnableBtn.setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(enabled));
     this._cockpitRadioEnableBtn.textContent = transitioning
-      ? lifecycleState.toUpperCase()
-      : uncertain
-        ? 'RECONCILE'
-        : enabled
-          ? 'DISABLE'
-          : 'ENABLE';
-    this._cockpitRadioEnableBtn.setAttribute(
-      'aria-label',
-      uncertain
-        ? 'Reconcile Radio — lifecycle uncertain'
-        : `${enabled ? 'Disable' : 'Enable'} Radio`,
-    );
+      ? lifecycleLabel
+      : enableLabel;
+    this._cockpitRadioEnableBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', enableAria);
     this._cockpitRadioEnableBtn.disabled = false;
     this._cockpitRadioEnableBtn.setAttribute(
       'aria-disabled',
@@ -156,8 +146,12 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
     );
     this._radioTunerBandLabel.textContent =
       state.filter === 'all'
-        ? 'DIRECTORY BAND'
-        : `${String(activeCategory?.label || state.filter).toUpperCase()} BAND`;
+        ? t('layers.radio.bandLabel')
+        : t('cockpit.radio.tunerCategoryBand', {
+            category: String(
+              activeCategory?.label || state.filter,
+            ).toUpperCase(),
+          });
   }
   this._radioTuner?.classList.toggle('is-static', Boolean(state.tuningStatic));
   if (tunerAvailable) this._refreshRadioTunerBand?.();
@@ -176,7 +170,7 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
 
   if (this._radioStationName)
     this._radioStationName.textContent =
-      selected?.name || 'NO STATION SELECTED';
+      selected?.name || t('layers.radio.noStation');
   if (this._radioStationMeta) {
     const place = selected
       ? [selected.state, selected.countryCode].filter(Boolean).join(' · ')
@@ -188,15 +182,15 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
       : '';
     this._radioStationMeta.textContent = selected
       ? [place, signal].filter(Boolean).join('  /  ') ||
-        'Directory metadata only'
+        t('layers.radio.meta.metadataOnly')
       : state.loading
-        ? 'Loading station directory…'
-        : 'Choose a globe marker or use next.';
+        ? t('layers.radio.meta.loading')
+        : t('layers.radio.meta.chooseHint');
   }
   if (this._radioStationTags) {
     const tags = Array.isArray(selected?.tags) ? selected.tags.slice(0, 8) : [];
     this._radioStationTags.textContent = tags.length
-      ? `TAGS · ${tags.join(' · ')}`
+      ? t('layers.radio.tags', { tags: tags.join(' · ') })
       : '';
   }
   if (this._radioStationHomepage) {
@@ -218,49 +212,37 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
     this._cockpitRadioPrevBtn.disabled = !interactive || !hasStations;
   if (this._cockpitRadioNextBtn)
     this._cockpitRadioNextBtn.disabled = !interactive || !hasStations;
+  const playbackAction = activePlayback
+    ? t('cockpit.radio.actionPause')
+    : state.audioState === 'paused'
+      ? t('cockpit.radio.actionResume')
+      : t('cockpit.radio.actionPlay');
+  const playTargetWord = selected
+    ? t('cockpit.radio.targetSelected')
+    : t('cockpit.radio.targetNearest');
+  const playAria = t('cockpit.radio.playStateAria', {
+    action: playbackAction,
+    target: playTargetWord,
+  });
   if (this._radioPlayBtn) {
-    const action = activePlayback
-      ? 'Pause'
-      : state.audioState === 'paused'
-        ? 'Resume'
-        : 'Play';
     this._radioPlayBtn.disabled = !interactive || !hasStations;
     this._radioPlayBtn.classList.toggle('active', activePlayback);
-    this._radioPlayBtn.textContent = action.toUpperCase();
-    this._radioPlayBtn.setAttribute(
-      'aria-label',
-      `${action} ${selected ? 'selected' : 'nearest'} radio station`,
-    );
+    this._radioPlayBtn.textContent = playbackAction.toUpperCase();
+    this._radioPlayBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', playAria);
   }
   if (this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn) {
-    const action = activePlayback
-      ? 'Pause'
-      : state.audioState === 'paused'
-        ? 'Resume'
-        : 'Play';
     this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn.disabled = !interactive || !hasStations;
     this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn.classList.toggle('active', activePlayback);
     this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn.textContent = activePlayback ? 'Ⅱ' : '▶';
-    this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn.setAttribute(
-      'aria-label',
-      `${action} ${selected ? 'selected' : 'nearest'} radio station`,
-    );
-    this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn.title = action;
+    this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', playAria);
+    this._contextRadioMiniPlayBtn.title = playbackAction;
   }
   if (this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn) {
-    const action = activePlayback
-      ? 'Pause'
-      : state.audioState === 'paused'
-        ? 'Resume'
-        : 'Play';
     this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn.disabled = !interactive || !hasStations;
     this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn.classList.toggle('active', activePlayback);
     this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn.textContent = activePlayback ? 'Ⅱ' : '▶';
-    this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn.setAttribute(
-      'aria-label',
-      `${action} ${selected ? 'selected' : 'nearest'} radio station`,
-    );
-    this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn.title = action;
+    this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn.setAttribute('aria-label', playAria);
+    this._cockpitRadioPlayBtn.title = playbackAction;
   }
   if (this._radioStopBtn)
     this._radioStopBtn.disabled =
@@ -295,56 +277,65 @@ export function renderRadioState(state) {
   }
   if (this._contextRadioMiniStation) {
     this._contextRadioMiniStation.textContent = uncertain
-      ? 'RADIO STATE UNCERTAIN'
-      : selected?.name || (state.loading ? 'SYNCING DIRECTORY' : 'RADIO READY');
+      ? t('cockpit.radio.miniStateUncertain')
+      : selected?.name ||
+        (state.loading
+          ? t('cockpit.radio.miniSyncingDirectory')
+          : t('cockpit.context.radioMiniReady'));
   }
   if (this._cockpitRadioStation) {
     this._cockpitRadioStation.textContent = uncertain
-      ? 'UNCERTAIN'
-      : selected?.name || (state.loading ? 'SYNCING' : 'READY');
+      ? t('layers.status.uncertain')
+      : selected?.name ||
+        (state.loading
+          ? t('cockpit.radio.stationSyncing')
+          : t('cockpit.radio.station.ready'));
   }
   if (this._radioPlaybackState) {
+    const stationName = selected?.name || t('cockpit.radio.stationFallback');
     const catalogSuffix = state.degraded
       ? state.stale
-        ? ' · stale/degraded directory'
-        : ' · degraded directory'
+        ? t('layers.radio.state.staleDegradedDirectory')
+        : t('layers.radio.state.degradedDirectory')
       : state.stale
-        ? ' · stale directory'
+        ? t('layers.radio.state.staleDirectory')
         : '';
     const outsideFilter =
-      selected && state.selectedIndex < 0 ? ' · outside current filter' : '';
+      selected && state.selectedIndex < 0
+        ? t('layers.radio.state.outsideFilter')
+        : '';
     const messages = {
       stopped: enabled
-        ? 'Ready — playback starts only from your action'
-        : 'Radio off',
-      loading: 'Connecting directly to broadcaster…',
-      buffering: 'Buffering broadcaster stream…',
-      playing: `Playing ${selected?.name || 'station'}`,
-      paused: `Paused ${selected?.name || 'station'}`,
-      error: state.audioError || 'Broadcaster stream unavailable',
+        ? t('layers.radio.state.ready')
+        : t('layers.radio.playbackOff'),
+      loading: t('layers.radio.state.loading'),
+      buffering: t('layers.radio.state.buffering'),
+      playing: t('layers.radio.state.playing', { station: stationName }),
+      paused: t('layers.radio.state.paused', { station: stationName }),
+      error: state.audioError || t('layers.radio.state.error'),
     };
     const voiceSuffix = state.voiceDucked
-      ? ' · muted during voice interaction'
+      ? t('layers.radio.state.voiceMuted')
       : state.voiceRestoring
-        ? ' · restoring volume after voice'
+        ? t('layers.radio.state.voiceRestoring')
         : '';
     const tuningSuffix = state.tuningAwaitingStationId
       ? state.audioState === 'error'
-        ? ' · static indicates no broadcaster audio'
-        : ' · tuning static until broadcaster starts'
+        ? t('layers.radio.state.staticNoAudio')
+        : t('layers.radio.state.tuningStatic')
       : '';
     const unavailable = state.tuningUnavailableStationId
-      ? 'Station unavailable after directory refresh — choose another channel'
+      ? t('layers.radio.state.stationUnavailable')
       : null;
     const lifecycleMessage = transitioning
       ? lifecycleState === 'enabling'
-        ? 'Radio is enabling…'
-        : 'Radio is disabling…'
+        ? t('layers.radio.state.enabling')
+        : t('layers.radio.state.disabling')
       : null;
     const uncertainMessage = uncertain
-      ? 'Radio lifecycle is uncertain — use Enable or Disable to reconcile'
+      ? t('layers.radio.state.uncertain')
       : null;
-    this._radioPlaybackState.textContent = `${uncertainMessage || unavailable || lifecycleMessage || state.error || messages[state.audioState] || 'Ready'}${tuningSuffix}${voiceSuffix}${catalogSuffix}${outsideFilter}`;
+    this._radioPlaybackState.textContent = `${uncertainMessage || unavailable || lifecycleMessage || state.error || messages[state.audioState] || t('cockpit.radio.playbackReadyFallback')}${tuningSuffix}${voiceSuffix}${catalogSuffix}${outsideFilter}`;
     this._radioPlaybackState.classList.toggle(
       'error',
       Boolean(
diff --git a/src/ui/sceneControls.js b/src/ui/sceneControls.js
index 10f5051f1..a423e1d3d 100644
--- a/src/ui/sceneControls.js
+++ b/src/ui/sceneControls.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Own Scene panel listeners and presentation through project reads and actions. */
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   sceneElements,
   renderSceneOptions,
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ export class SceneControls {
       if (!this.destroyed) elements.file.value = '';
     });
     if (!subscribe) {
-      this.updateStatus('Ready');
+      this.updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.statusReady'));
       this.setProgress(0);
       this.setButtons(false);
     }
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ export class SceneControls {
     const generation = ++this.actionGeneration;
     const failed = () => {
       if (!this.destroyed && generation === this.actionGeneration)
-        this.updateStatus('Scene action failed');
+        this.updateStatus(t('setup.scenes.status.actionFailed'));
     };
     try {
       const result = this.actions[action](...args);
@@ -160,7 +161,12 @@ export class SceneControls {
     if (this.destroyed) return;
     const scene = this.read().scenes.find((item) => item.id === sceneId);
     const shot = scene?.shots.find((item) => item.id === shotId);
-    if (shot && window.confirm(`Delete shot "${shot.title}"?`))
+    if (
+      shot &&
+      window.confirm(
+        t('setup.scenes.status.deleteShotConfirm', { shot: shot.title }),
+      )
+    )
       this.run('deleteShot', sceneId, shotId);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/ui/shareRestoration.js b/src/ui/shareRestoration.js
index 7e14b339a..e3e66173c 100644
--- a/src/ui/shareRestoration.js
+++ b/src/ui/shareRestoration.js
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { LayerStateCoordinator } from '../data/layerState.js';
 import { stampInitialShareGesture } from '../navigationPolicy.js';
 import { canPresentDeferredStatusNotice } from '../loadingFeedback.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { UiLifetime } from './uiLifetime.js';
 
 /** Own initial share restoration, durable layer state and restoration notices. */
@@ -188,9 +189,13 @@ export class ShareRestoration {
     if (result.classification === 'pending') {
       this._shareTrackingNoticeGeneration += 1;
       this._shareTrackingAcquiringKey = trackingKey;
-      this.showStatus('ACQUIRING', {
+      this.showStatus(t('cockpit.status.acquiring'), {
         state: 'acquiring',
-        detail: `SHARED ${String(result.label || 'SUBJECT').toUpperCase()}`,
+        detail: t('cockpit.status.sharedSubjectDetail', {
+          subject: String(
+            result.label || t('cockpit.status.subjectFallback'),
+          ).toUpperCase(),
+        }),
         persistent: true,
       });
       return;
@@ -214,13 +219,13 @@ export class ShareRestoration {
     const noticeGeneration = ownsAcquiringNotice
       ? this._shareTrackingNoticeGeneration
       : ++this._shareTrackingNoticeGeneration;
-    const subject = result.label || 'entity';
+    const subject = result.label || t('cockpit.status.subjectFallback');
     const message =
       result.classification === 'expired'
-        ? `Shared ${subject} follow expired`
+        ? t('cockpit.status.sharedFollowExpired', { subject })
         : result.classification === 'source-unavailable'
-          ? `Shared ${subject} could not be restored — feed unavailable`
-          : `Shared ${subject} is unavailable`;
+          ? t('cockpit.status.sharedRestoreFailed', { subject })
+          : t('cockpit.status.sharedUnavailable', { subject });
     const showAfterStartupCover = () => {
       this._lifetime.frame(() => {
         if (
diff --git a/src/ui/shellElements.js b/src/ui/shellElements.js
index a315be1dd..6ccf74451 100644
--- a/src/ui/shellElements.js
+++ b/src/ui/shellElements.js
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ export function readShellElements(document = globalThis.document) {
     _scopeFeatherValue: document.getElementById('scope-feather-value'),
     _mapStackChips: document.getElementById('map-stack-chips'),
     _mapStackStatus: document.getElementById('map-stack-status'),
+    _mapSourceLabel: document.getElementById('map-source-label'),
     _cleanViewBtn: document.getElementById('clean-view-toggle'),
     _cleanViewExitBtn: document.getElementById('clean-view-exit'),
     _dataPanel: document.getElementById('data-panel'),
diff --git a/src/ui/shellFeedback.js b/src/ui/shellFeedback.js
index 359e885d1..260c925a1 100644
--- a/src/ui/shellFeedback.js
+++ b/src/ui/shellFeedback.js
@@ -9,6 +9,51 @@ import {
   reduceTrafficSyncFeedback,
 } from '../loadingFeedback.js';
 import { setSplitFlapText, disposeSplitFlap } from '../splitFlap.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
+// loadingFeedback.js composes the shared status copy inside the portable
+// node/browser graph (the server-side HUD summary reads the same modules), so
+// its labels stay English there. This chip is the presentation boundary: map
+// the closed label vocabulary to the catalog, and pass anything unrecognized
+// (a live provider error) through verbatim (docs/TRANSLATORS.md).
+const STATUS_LABEL_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  'LOADING LIVE DATA': 'shell.status.loadingLiveData',
+  'LOAD COMPLETE': 'shell.status.loadComplete',
+  'LOAD CANCELLED': 'shell.status.loadCancelled',
+  'LOAD FAILED': 'shell.status.loadFailed',
+  'LIVE DATA OFF': 'shell.status.liveDataOff',
+  'MAPPED SITES LOADED': 'shell.status.mappedSitesLoaded',
+  'RETRYING MAPPED SITES': 'shell.status.retryingMappedSites',
+  'FETCHING MAPPED SITES': 'shell.status.fetchingMappedSites',
+  'TURNING OFF LIVE DATA': 'shell.status.turningOffLiveData',
+  'REFRESHING LIVE DATA': 'shell.status.refreshingLiveData',
+  'syncing road network': 'shell.status.trafficSyncing',
+});
+
+function localizeStatusLabel(label) {
+  if (typeof label !== 'string' || !label) return label;
+  const key = STATUS_LABEL_KEYS[label.trim()];
+  return key ? t(key) : label;
+}
+
+const RETRY_DETAIL_RE = /^(?:ALPR cameras · )?retrying in (\d+)s$/;
+
+function localizeStatusDetail(detail) {
+  if (typeof detail !== 'string' || !detail) return detail;
+  const match = detail.match(RETRY_DETAIL_RE);
+  if (match) return t('shell.status.retryingIn', { seconds: match[1] });
+  if (detail.trim() === 'retry pending') return t('shell.status.retryPending');
+  return detail;
+}
+
+function localizeLoadingPresentation(presentation) {
+  if (!presentation) return presentation;
+  return {
+    ...presentation,
+    label: localizeStatusLabel(presentation.label),
+    detail: localizeStatusDetail(presentation.detail),
+  };
+}
 export class ShellFeedback {
   constructor({ readLayers }) {
     this.readLayers = readLayers;
@@ -76,10 +121,15 @@ export class ShellFeedback {
     // the flap keeps textContent equal to the settled label throughout, so
     // this stays a no-op on the repeat ticks exactly as it did before.
     if (presentation.label)
-      setSplitFlapText(this._trafficSyncLabel, presentation.label, {
-        // Completion is a timing signal, not another animated loading stage.
-        immediate: !presentation.busy,
-      });
+    if (presentation.label)
+      setSplitFlapText(
+        this._trafficSyncLabel,
+        localizeStatusLabel(presentation.label),
+        {
+          // Completion is a timing signal, not another animated loading stage.
+          immediate: !presentation.busy,
+        },
+      );
     // Written on every change INCLUDING the empty settled value — the reducer
     // clears the progress number once the sync lands, and a truthiness guard
     // here would strand the last "..." beside the settled label.
@@ -120,6 +170,7 @@ export class ShellFeedback {
     if (this._loadingFeedbackState?.phase !== 'idle' || noticeNeedsTicker) {
       this._armLoadingFeedbackTicker();
     }
+    const localized = localizeLoadingPresentation(presentation);
     this._globalLoadingStatus.hidden = !presentation;
     if (!presentation) {
       delete this._globalLoadingStatus.dataset.state;
@@ -131,8 +182,8 @@ export class ShellFeedback {
     // here: this runs on every 60 ms and 500 ms tick. The detail line is the
     // live layer roster inside an ellipsised, width-capped span — flapping a
     // list that churns as layers join would be noise, not delight.
-    setSplitFlapText(this._globalLoadingLabel, presentation.label);
-    this._globalLoadingDetail.textContent = presentation.detail;
+    setSplitFlapText(this._globalLoadingLabel, localized.label);
+    this._globalLoadingDetail.textContent = localized.detail;
   }
 
   _showGlobalStatusNotice(message, options = {}) {
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/cockpit.html b/src/ui/templates/cockpit.html
index f9a1af97b..0886b72b6 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/cockpit.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/cockpit.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
   <!-- Aircraft first-person view. It can be entered from the visible view switcher. -->
-  <section id="cockpit-hud" aria-label="Aircraft cockpit view" hidden>
+  <section id="cockpit-hud" aria-label="Aircraft cockpit view" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.hud.sectionLabel">
     <!-- One optical coordinate system: every targeting mark shares this center.
          Decorative only; telemetry and interactive panels remain separate. -->
     <svg class="cockpit-frame-lines" viewBox="0 0 1200 720" preserveAspectRatio="none" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
@@ -61,19 +61,19 @@
         <span>+20</span><span>+10</span><span class="active">00</span><span>−10</span><span>−20</span>
       </div>
       <div class="cockpit-horizon-guide">
-        <span></span><small>LEVEL</small><span></span>
+        <span  data-i18n="cockpit.hud.level"></span><small>LEVEL</small><span></span>
       </div>
-      <div id="cockpit-route-direction" class="cockpit-route-direction" hidden aria-label="Estimated destination direction">
+      <div id="cockpit-route-direction" class="cockpit-route-direction" hidden aria-label="Estimated destination direction"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.hud.routeDirectionAriaLabel">
         <svg class="cockpit-route-chevron" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
           <path d="M12 2 4.58 19.93c-.34.83.51 1.63 1.31 1.27L12 18.47l6.11 2.73c.8.36 1.65-.44 1.31-1.27L12 2Z" />
         </svg>
-        <small id="cockpit-route-direction-label">DEST ---°</small>
+        <small id="cockpit-route-direction-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.hud.routeDirectionIdle">DEST ---°</small>
       </div>
-      <div class="cockpit-visor-status cockpit-visor-status-left">OPTICAL PLANE · 01</div>
-      <div class="cockpit-visor-status cockpit-visor-status-right">VISOR LOCK · ACTIVE</div>
+      <div class="cockpit-visor-status cockpit-visor-status-left"  data-i18n="cockpit.hud.visorPlane">OPTICAL PLANE · 01</div>
+      <div class="cockpit-visor-status cockpit-visor-status-right"  data-i18n="cockpit.hud.visorLock">VISOR LOCK · ACTIVE</div>
     </div>
     <div id="cockpit-speed-rim" class="cockpit-altitude-rim cockpit-speed-rim">
-      <span class="cockpit-altitude-rim-label">GROUND SPEED · KTS</span>
+      <span class="cockpit-altitude-rim-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.readout.rimGroundSpeed">GROUND SPEED · KTS</span>
       <div class="cockpit-altitude-rim-rail"></div>
       <div class="cockpit-altitude-rim-scale">
         <span data-speed-rim-tick><b></b><i></i></span>
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
       </div>
     </div>
     <div id="cockpit-altitude-rim" class="cockpit-altitude-rim">
-      <span class="cockpit-altitude-rim-label">ALTITUDE · FT</span>
+      <span class="cockpit-altitude-rim-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.readout.rimAltitude">ALTITUDE · FT</span>
       <div class="cockpit-altitude-rim-rail"></div>
       <div class="cockpit-altitude-rim-scale">
         <span data-altitude-rim-tick><b></b><i></i></span>
@@ -112,36 +112,36 @@
     </div>
     <div class="cockpit-topline">
       <div>
-        <span class="cockpit-kicker">FIRST PERSON</span>
+        <span class="cockpit-kicker"  data-i18n="cockpit.hud.firstPerson">FIRST PERSON</span>
         <strong id="cockpit-callsign">AIRCRAFT</strong>
-        <span id="cockpit-aircraft-meta" class="cockpit-aircraft-meta">LIVE TRACK · COURSE ALIGNED</span>
+        <span id="cockpit-aircraft-meta" class="cockpit-aircraft-meta"  data-i18n="cockpit.hud.aircraftMetaInitial">LIVE TRACK · COURSE ALIGNED</span>
       </div>
-      <div class="cockpit-vision-controls" role="group" aria-label="Cockpit vision style">
-        <button id="cockpit-vision-previous" class="cockpit-vision-nav" type="button" aria-label="Previous cockpit vision style" title="Previous vision style">
+      <div class="cockpit-vision-controls" role="group" aria-label="Cockpit vision style"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.hud.visionGroupAriaLabel">
+        <button id="cockpit-vision-previous" class="cockpit-vision-nav" type="button" aria-label="Previous cockpit vision style" title="Previous vision style"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.vision.previousAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.vision.previousTitle">
           <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">chevron_left</span>
-          <small>PREV</small>
+          <small  data-i18n="cockpit.vision.previousLabel">PREV</small>
         </button>
-        <button id="cockpit-vision-current" class="cockpit-vision-current" type="button" data-cockpit-vision="optical" aria-label="Current cockpit vision style: NORMAL. Activate for next style." title="Current style: NORMAL — click for next">
-          <small>CURRENT</small>
+        <button id="cockpit-vision-current" class="cockpit-vision-current" type="button" data-cockpit-vision="optical" aria-label="Current cockpit vision style: NORMAL. Activate for next style." title="Current style: NORMAL — click for next"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.vision.currentAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.vision.currentTitle">
+          <small  data-i18n="cockpit.vision.current">CURRENT</small>
           <strong id="cockpit-vision-current-label" aria-live="polite">NORMAL</strong>
         </button>
-        <button id="cockpit-vision-next" class="cockpit-vision-nav" type="button" aria-label="Next cockpit vision style" title="Next vision style">
-          <small>NEXT</small>
+        <button id="cockpit-vision-next" class="cockpit-vision-nav" type="button" aria-label="Next cockpit vision style" title="Next vision style"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.vision.nextAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.vision.nextTitle">
+          <small  data-i18n="cockpit.vision.nextLabel">NEXT</small>
           <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">chevron_right</span>
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
     <div class="cockpit-reticle material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">my_location</div>
-    <div class="cockpit-compass" aria-label="Current aircraft heading">
+    <div class="cockpit-compass" aria-label="Current aircraft heading"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.hud.compassAriaLabel">
       <div class="cockpit-instrument-row">
         <div class="cockpit-readout cockpit-speed">
-          <span class="cockpit-readout-label">GROUND SPEED</span>
+          <span class="cockpit-readout-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.readout.groundSpeed">GROUND SPEED</span>
           <strong id="cockpit-speed-value">---</strong>
           <span class="cockpit-readout-unit">KTS</span>
         </div>
         <div class="cockpit-heading-value"><span id="cockpit-heading-value">---</span><small>°</small></div>
         <div class="cockpit-readout cockpit-altitude">
-          <span class="cockpit-readout-label">ALTITUDE</span>
+          <span class="cockpit-readout-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.readout.altitude">ALTITUDE</span>
           <strong id="cockpit-altitude-value">-----</strong>
           <span class="cockpit-readout-unit">FT</span>
         </div>
@@ -153,26 +153,26 @@
       <span id="cockpit-clock">--:--:--Z</span>
       <span id="cockpit-position">--° · --°</span>
     </div>
-    <aside id="cockpit-context" class="cockpit-context-window" aria-label="Contact cockpit summary" hidden>
+    <aside id="cockpit-context" class="cockpit-context-window" aria-label="Contact cockpit summary" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.panelAriaLabel">
       <header class="cockpit-context-header">
         <div>
           <span class="cockpit-context-kicker">CONTACT</span>
-          <strong id="cockpit-context-subject">CONTACTS · 250 KM</strong>
+          <strong id="cockpit-context-subject"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.subjectWindow">CONTACTS · 250 KM</strong>
         </div>
-        <nav class="cockpit-context-actions" aria-label="Contact navigation">
-          <button id="cockpit-context-previous" type="button" aria-label="Previous — prior visited contact in the 250 km window" title="Previous — prior visited contact in the 250 km window">
+        <nav class="cockpit-context-actions" aria-label="Contact navigation"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.navAriaLabel">
+          <button id="cockpit-context-previous" type="button" aria-label="Previous — prior visited contact in the 250 km window" title="Previous — prior visited contact in the 250 km window"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.previousAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.previousTitle">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">skip_previous</span>
           </button>
-          <button id="cockpit-context-next" type="button" aria-label="Next — nearest unvisited contact in the 250 km window" title="Next — nearest unvisited contact in the 250 km window">
+          <button id="cockpit-context-next" type="button" aria-label="Next — nearest unvisited contact in the 250 km window" title="Next — nearest unvisited contact in the 250 km window"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.nextAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.nextTitle">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">skip_next</span>
           </button>
-          <button id="cockpit-context-toggle" type="button" aria-label="Collapse Contact panel" aria-expanded="true" title="Collapse contact panel">
+          <button id="cockpit-context-toggle" type="button" aria-label="Collapse Contact panel" aria-expanded="true" title="Collapse contact panel"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.toggleAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.toggleTitle">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">chevron_left</span>
           </button>
         </nav>
-        <span class="cockpit-context-qualifier">CONTEXT ONLY</span>
+        <span class="cockpit-context-qualifier"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.qualifier">CONTEXT ONLY</span>
       </header>
-      <div class="cockpit-context-cohorts" role="list" aria-label="Nearby cohort counts">
+      <div class="cockpit-context-cohorts" role="list" aria-label="Nearby cohort counts"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.cohortsAriaLabel">
         <div role="listitem" data-context-cohort="flights"><span>FLT</span><strong>—</strong><small>OpenSky</small></div>
         <div role="listitem" data-context-cohort="military"><span>MIL</span><strong>—</strong><small>adsb.lol</small></div>
         <div role="listitem" data-context-cohort="ais-live-vessels"><span>AIS</span><strong>—</strong><small>AISStream</small></div>
@@ -181,14 +181,14 @@
       <div class="cockpit-context-nearest">
         <span id="cockpit-context-direction" class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">navigation</span>
         <div>
-          <small>NEAREST OBSERVED / MAPPED</small>
-          <strong id="cockpit-context-nearest-label">NO AVAILABLE EXAMPLE</strong>
+          <small  data-i18n="cockpit.context.nearestLabel">NEAREST OBSERVED / MAPPED</small>
+          <strong id="cockpit-context-nearest-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.nearestEmpty">NO AVAILABLE EXAMPLE</strong>
         </div>
         <span id="cockpit-context-bearing">—</span>
         <span id="cockpit-context-distance">—</span>
       </div>
       <footer class="cockpit-context-footer">
-        <span id="cockpit-context-uncertainty">AVAILABLE INPUTS ONLY · NOT AN ALL-CLEAR</span>
+        <span id="cockpit-context-uncertainty"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.uncertaintyNote">AVAILABLE INPUTS ONLY · NOT AN ALL-CLEAR</span>
         <button
           id="cockpit-weather-toggle"
           class="cockpit-context-weather"
@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@
           aria-label="Enable cockpit weather effects"
           aria-pressed="false"
           title="Enable cockpit weather effects"
+           data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.weatherEnableAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.weatherEnableTitle"
         >
           <span>WX</span>
           <strong id="cockpit-weather-state">OFF</strong>
@@ -203,35 +204,35 @@
         <time id="cockpit-context-updated">--:--:--Z</time>
       </footer>
     </aside>
-    <aside id="cockpit-signal-stream" class="cockpit-signal-window" aria-label="Cockpit briefing carousel" hidden>
-      <section id="cockpit-route" class="cockpit-route-card" aria-label="Estimated flight plan" hidden>
+    <aside id="cockpit-signal-stream" class="cockpit-signal-window" aria-label="Cockpit briefing carousel" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.carouselAriaLabel">
+      <section id="cockpit-route" class="cockpit-route-card" aria-label="Estimated flight plan" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.route.cardAriaLabel">
         <div class="cockpit-route-heading">
-          <span class="cockpit-route-kicker">ESTIMATED FLIGHT PLAN</span>
-          <small id="cockpit-route-status">ROUTE DATA UNAVAILABLE</small>
+          <span class="cockpit-route-kicker"  data-i18n="cockpit.route.kicker">ESTIMATED FLIGHT PLAN</span>
+          <small id="cockpit-route-status"  data-i18n="cockpit.route.statusUnavailable">ROUTE DATA UNAVAILABLE</small>
         </div>
         <div class="cockpit-route-endpoints">
           <div class="cockpit-route-airport">
-            <span>FROM</span>
-            <strong id="cockpit-route-from">UNKNOWN</strong>
+            <span  data-i18n="cockpit.route.fromLabel">FROM</span>
+            <strong id="cockpit-route-from"  data-i18n="cockpit.route.unknownEndpoint">UNKNOWN</strong>
           </div>
           <span class="cockpit-route-arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">east</span>
           <div class="cockpit-route-airport">
-            <span>TO</span>
-            <strong id="cockpit-route-to">UNKNOWN</strong>
+            <span  data-i18n="cockpit.route.toLabel">TO</span>
+            <strong id="cockpit-route-to"  data-i18n="cockpit.route.unknownEndpoint">UNKNOWN</strong>
           </div>
         </div>
       </section>
       <header class="cockpit-signal-header">
         <div class="cockpit-brief-heading">
           <span id="cockpit-brief-kicker" class="cockpit-signal-kicker"><i aria-hidden="true"></i> LIVE SIGNALS</span>
-          <strong id="cockpit-brief-subtitle">OBSERVED / MAPPED PINGS</strong>
+          <strong id="cockpit-brief-subtitle"  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.subtitle">OBSERVED / MAPPED PINGS</strong>
         </div>
-        <nav class="cockpit-brief-actions" aria-label="Cockpit briefing controls">
-          <button id="cockpit-brief-previous" type="button" aria-label="Previous briefing page" title="Previous briefing page">
+        <nav class="cockpit-brief-actions" aria-label="Cockpit briefing controls"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.actionsAriaLabel">
+          <button id="cockpit-brief-previous" type="button" aria-label="Previous briefing page" title="Previous briefing page"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.previousAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.brief.previousTitle">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">chevron_left</span>
           </button>
           <span id="cockpit-brief-position" aria-live="polite">1 / 3</span>
-          <button id="cockpit-brief-next" type="button" aria-label="Next briefing page" title="Next briefing page">
+          <button id="cockpit-brief-next" type="button" aria-label="Next briefing page" title="Next briefing page"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.nextAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.brief.nextTitle">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">chevron_right</span>
           </button>
           <button
@@ -240,51 +241,52 @@
             aria-label="CYCLE OFF"
             aria-pressed="false"
             title="Cycle briefing pages automatically every 9 seconds (Signals → News → Local). Pauses while you hover or focus the panel. Live signal data refreshes continuously either way."
+             data-i18n-title="cockpit.brief.autoTitle"
           >CYCLE OFF</button>
-          <button id="cockpit-signal-toggle" type="button" aria-label="Collapse cockpit briefing panel" aria-expanded="true" title="Collapse briefing panel">
+          <button id="cockpit-signal-toggle" type="button" aria-label="Collapse cockpit briefing panel" aria-expanded="true" title="Collapse briefing panel"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.collapseAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.brief.collapseTitle">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">right_panel_close</span>
           </button>
         </nav>
       </header>
       <div class="cockpit-brief-stage">
-        <section data-cockpit-brief-page="signals" aria-label="Live signals">
+        <section data-cockpit-brief-page="signals" aria-label="Live signals"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.signalsAriaLabel">
           <ol id="cockpit-signal-list" class="cockpit-signal-list" aria-live="polite"></ol>
         </section>
-        <section data-cockpit-brief-page="news" aria-label="Latest regional news" hidden>
-          <div id="cockpit-news-status" class="cockpit-brief-status">ACQUIRING REGIONAL NEWS</div>
+        <section data-cockpit-brief-page="news" aria-label="Latest regional news" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.newsAriaLabel">
+          <div id="cockpit-news-status" class="cockpit-brief-status"  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.newsAcquiring">ACQUIRING REGIONAL NEWS</div>
           <ol id="cockpit-news-list" class="cockpit-news-list" aria-live="polite"></ol>
         </section>
-        <section data-cockpit-brief-page="local" aria-label="Location-based information" hidden>
+        <section data-cockpit-brief-page="local" aria-label="Location-based information" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.localAriaLabel">
           <div class="cockpit-local-place">
-            <strong id="cockpit-local-place">RESOLVING REGION</strong>
+            <strong id="cockpit-local-place"  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.localResolving">RESOLVING REGION</strong>
             <small id="cockpit-local-coordinates">--</small>
           </div>
           <div class="cockpit-local-grid">
-            <div><span>TEMP</span><strong id="cockpit-local-temperature">—</strong><small>OPEN-METEO</small></div>
-            <div><span>WIND</span><strong id="cockpit-local-wind">—</strong><small id="cockpit-local-wind-direction">—</small></div>
-            <div><span>SKY</span><strong id="cockpit-local-condition">UNKNOWN</strong><small id="cockpit-local-cloud">—</small></div>
-            <div><span>PRECIP</span><strong id="cockpit-local-precipitation">—</strong><small>MM</small></div>
+            <div  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.labelTemp"><span>TEMP</span><strong id="cockpit-local-temperature">—</strong><small>OPEN-METEO</small></div>
+            <div  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.labelWind"><span>WIND</span><strong id="cockpit-local-wind">—</strong><small id="cockpit-local-wind-direction">—</small></div>
+            <div  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.labelSky"><span>SKY</span><strong id="cockpit-local-condition">UNKNOWN</strong><small id="cockpit-local-cloud">—</small></div>
+            <div  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.labelPrecip"><span>PRECIP</span><strong id="cockpit-local-precipitation">—</strong><small>MM</small></div>
           </div>
           <a class="cockpit-weather-credit" href="https://open-meteo.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Weather data by Open-Meteo.com</a>
         </section>
       </div>
       <footer class="cockpit-signal-footer">
-        <span id="cockpit-brief-source">SOURCE-BACKED EVENTS · NO SYNTHETIC NEWS</span>
+        <span id="cockpit-brief-source"  data-i18n="cockpit.brief.sourceNote">SOURCE-BACKED EVENTS · NO SYNTHETIC NEWS</span>
         <nav class="cockpit-brief-tabs" aria-label="Cockpit briefing pages">
-          <button type="button" data-cockpit-brief-index="0" aria-label="Show Live Signals" aria-current="true">SIG</button>
-          <button type="button" data-cockpit-brief-index="1" aria-label="Show Regional News">NEWS</button>
-          <button type="button" data-cockpit-brief-index="2" aria-label="Show Local Info">LOCAL</button>
+          <button type="button" data-cockpit-brief-index="0" aria-label="Show Live Signals" aria-current="true"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.tabSignalsAriaLabel">SIG</button>
+          <button type="button" data-cockpit-brief-index="1" aria-label="Show Regional News"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.tabNewsAriaLabel">NEWS</button>
+          <button type="button" data-cockpit-brief-index="2" aria-label="Show Local Info"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.brief.tabLocalAriaLabel">LOCAL</button>
         </nav>
       </footer>
     </aside>
-    <aside id="cockpit-utility-controls" class="cockpit-utility-controls" aria-label="Cockpit display and Radio controls">
+    <aside id="cockpit-utility-controls" class="cockpit-utility-controls" aria-label="Cockpit display and Radio controls"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.utility.controlsAriaLabel">
       <div class="cockpit-utility-control">
         <div class="cockpit-utility-launcher" data-cockpit-launcher="display">
-          <span>DISPLAY</span>
+          <span  data-i18n="cockpit.utility.displayLabel">DISPLAY</span>
           <span class="cockpit-utility-divider" aria-hidden="true"></span>
-          <button id="cockpit-display-toggle-btn" class="cockpit-utility-glyph" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cockpit-display-panel" aria-label="Expand Cockpit display options" title="Expand Cockpit display options">◀</button>
+          <button id="cockpit-display-toggle-btn" class="cockpit-utility-glyph" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cockpit-display-panel" aria-label="Expand Cockpit display options" title="Expand Cockpit display options"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.utility.displayToggleAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.utility.displayToggleTitle">◀</button>
         </div>
-        <div id="cockpit-display-panel" class="cockpit-utility-popover" role="group" aria-label="Cockpit display options" hidden>
+        <div id="cockpit-display-panel" class="cockpit-utility-popover" role="group" aria-label="Cockpit display options" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.utility.displayPanelAriaLabel">
           <div class="cockpit-display-slot" data-cockpit-display-slot="hud"></div>
           <div class="cockpit-display-slot" data-cockpit-display-slot="detection"></div>
           <div class="cockpit-display-slot" data-cockpit-display-slot="parameters"></div>
@@ -293,21 +295,21 @@
       </div>
       <div class="cockpit-utility-control">
         <div class="cockpit-utility-launcher" data-cockpit-launcher="radio">
-          <span>RADIO</span>
+          <span  data-i18n="cockpit.utility.radioLabel">RADIO</span>
           <span class="cockpit-utility-divider" aria-hidden="true"></span>
-          <button id="cockpit-radio-toggle-btn" class="cockpit-utility-glyph" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cockpit-radio-panel" aria-label="Expand Cockpit Radio controls" title="Expand Cockpit Radio controls">◀</button>
+          <button id="cockpit-radio-toggle-btn" class="cockpit-utility-glyph" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cockpit-radio-panel" aria-label="Expand Cockpit Radio controls" title="Expand Cockpit Radio controls"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.utility.radioToggleAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.utility.radioToggleTitle">◀</button>
         </div>
-        <div id="cockpit-radio-panel" class="cockpit-utility-popover cockpit-radio-compact" role="group" aria-label="Cockpit compact Radio controls" hidden>
-          <strong id="cockpit-radio-station" class="cockpit-radio-station">READY</strong>
-          <button id="cockpit-radio-enable-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false">ENABLE</button>
+        <div id="cockpit-radio-panel" class="cockpit-utility-popover cockpit-radio-compact" role="group" aria-label="Cockpit compact Radio controls" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.utility.radioPanelAriaLabel">
+          <strong id="cockpit-radio-station" class="cockpit-radio-station"  data-i18n="cockpit.radio.station.ready">READY</strong>
+          <button id="cockpit-radio-enable-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false"  data-i18n="cockpit.radio.enable">ENABLE</button>
           <div class="cockpit-radio-transport">
-            <button id="cockpit-radio-prev-btn" type="button" aria-label="Previous filtered radio station" disabled>◀◀</button>
-            <button id="cockpit-radio-play-btn" type="button" aria-label="Play selected radio station" disabled>▶</button>
-            <button id="cockpit-radio-next-btn" type="button" aria-label="Next filtered radio station" disabled>▶▶</button>
+            <button id="cockpit-radio-prev-btn" type="button" aria-label="Previous filtered radio station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.radio.prevAriaLabel">◀◀</button>
+            <button id="cockpit-radio-play-btn" type="button" aria-label="Play selected radio station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.radio.playAriaLabel">▶</button>
+            <button id="cockpit-radio-next-btn" type="button" aria-label="Next filtered radio station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.radio.nextAriaLabel">▶▶</button>
           </div>
           <label class="cockpit-radio-volume" for="cockpit-radio-volume">
-            <span>VOLUME</span>
-            <input id="cockpit-radio-volume" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="80" aria-label="Cockpit Radio volume" disabled />
+            <span  data-i18n="cockpit.radio.volumeLabel">VOLUME</span>
+            <input id="cockpit-radio-volume" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="80" aria-label="Cockpit Radio volume" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.radio.volumeAriaLabel" />
             <output id="cockpit-radio-volume-value" class="gev-slider-value" for="cockpit-radio-volume">80%</output>
           </label>
         </div>
@@ -316,13 +318,13 @@
     <div class="cockpit-help">ESC EXIT <span>·</span> C TOGGLE</div>
   </section>
 
-  <nav id="view-switcher" aria-label="View switcher">
-    <button id="cockpit-reset-globe" type="button" aria-label="Reset cockpit to full globe view" title="Exit cockpit and return to full globe view" hidden>
+  <nav id="view-switcher" aria-label="View switcher"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.exit.navAriaLabel">
+    <button id="cockpit-reset-globe" type="button" aria-label="Reset cockpit to full globe view" title="Exit cockpit and return to full globe view" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.exit.resetAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.exit.resetTitle">
       <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">public</span>
-      <span>RESET</span>
+      <span  data-i18n="cockpit.exit.resetLabel">RESET</span>
     </button>
-    <button id="map-view-switch" type="button" aria-label="Exit cockpit view" aria-keyshortcuts="Escape C" title="Exit cockpit view" hidden>
+    <button id="map-view-switch" type="button" aria-label="Exit cockpit view" aria-keyshortcuts="Escape C" title="Exit cockpit view" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.exit.ariaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.exit.title">
       <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">close_fullscreen</span>
-      <span>EXIT COCKPIT</span>
+      <span  data-i18n="cockpit.exit.label">EXIT COCKPIT</span>
     </button>
   </nav>
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/command-dock.html b/src/ui/templates/command-dock.html
index cf1af7efb..a30ebf53e 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/command-dock.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/command-dock.html
@@ -1,51 +1,58 @@
   <!-- Unified bottom command dock: locations, voice (injected at runtime), visual presets -->
-  <div id="command-dock" aria-label="Navigation, voice, and visual preset controls">
+  <div id="command-dock" aria-label="Navigation, voice, and visual preset controls"  data-i18n-aria-label="shell.dock.ariaLabel">
   <!-- Control panel -->
   <div id="control-panel" class="panel-collapsible collapsed">
     <div class="panel-glow"></div>
     <div class="panel-inner">
       <button id="control-panel-toggle" class="panel-header dock-tray-toggle" type="button"
         data-dock-toggle-target="control-panel" aria-expanded="false"
-        aria-controls="control-panel-popover" aria-label="Expand Visual Presets">
+        aria-controls="control-panel-popover" aria-label="Expand Visual Presets"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.presets.toggleAriaLabel">
         <span class="panel-title"><span class="dock-label-icon dock-label-icon-presets" aria-hidden="true"></span>VISUAL PRESETS</span>
         <span class="panel-divider"></span>
       </button>
+      <!-- Language selector: only the group container is static (its
+           data-i18n-aria-label is applied from the catalog at boot). The
+           buttons are rendered at runtime by ui.js _initLocaleSelector(): one
+           per locale in the configured GEV_DEFAULT_LOCALE / GEV_SECONDARY_LOCALE
+           pair plus the always-shipped English fallback, deduped, labels EN/ES/FR
+           with aria-labels from shell.locale.<code>.ariaLabel. -->
+      <div class="dock-locale-switch" role="group"  data-i18n-aria-label="shell.locale.groupAriaLabel"></div>
       <div id="control-panel-popover" class="dock-popover-content">
-      <button class="dock-pin-btn" data-pin-target="control-panel" type="button" aria-label="Pin visual presets" aria-pressed="false" title="Keep visual presets open"><img src="/pin.svg" alt="" /></button>
+      <button class="dock-pin-btn" data-pin-target="control-panel" type="button" aria-label="Pin visual presets" aria-pressed="false" title="Keep visual presets open"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.presets.pinAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.pinTitle"><img src="/pin.svg" alt="" /></button>
       <div id="style-buttons" class="button-grid">
-        <button class="style-btn active" data-style="normal" title="Show the globe without a visual filter.">
+        <button class="style-btn active" data-style="normal" title="Show the globe without a visual filter."  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.styleNormalTitle">
           <span class="btn-icon">◯</span>
-          <span class="btn-label">Normal</span>
+          <span class="btn-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.styleNormalLabel">Normal</span>
           <span class="btn-key">1</span>
         </button>
-        <button class="style-btn" data-style="retro" title="Emulate a green phosphor CRT with scanlines and screen curvature.">
+        <button class="style-btn" data-style="retro" title="Emulate a green phosphor CRT with scanlines and screen curvature."  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.styleCrtTitle">
           <span class="btn-icon">▦</span>
-          <span class="btn-label">CRT</span>
+          <span class="btn-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.styleCrtLabel">CRT</span>
           <span class="btn-key">2</span>
         </button>
-        <button class="style-btn" data-style="surveillance" title="Simulate night-vision goggles with green intensification and a tube vignette.">
+        <button class="style-btn" data-style="surveillance" title="Simulate night-vision goggles with green intensification and a tube vignette."  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.styleNvgTitle">
           <span class="btn-icon">🌙</span>
-          <span class="btn-label">NVG</span>
+          <span class="btn-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.styleNvgLabel">NVG</span>
           <span class="btn-key">3</span>
         </button>
-        <button class="style-btn" data-style="thermal" title="Simulate FLIR-style thermal contrast. Turn up Ironbow for color.">
+        <button class="style-btn" data-style="thermal" title="Simulate FLIR-style thermal contrast. Turn up Ironbow for color."  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.styleFlirTitle">
           <span class="btn-icon">🌡️</span>
-          <span class="btn-label">FLIR</span>
+          <span class="btn-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.styleFlirLabel">FLIR</span>
           <span class="btn-key">4</span>
         </button>
-        <button class="style-btn" data-style="anime" title="Apply bright cel-shaded color and illustrated outlines.">
+        <button class="style-btn" data-style="anime" title="Apply bright cel-shaded color and illustrated outlines."  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.styleAnimeTitle">
           <span class="btn-icon">✦</span>
-          <span class="btn-label">Anime</span>
+          <span class="btn-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.styleAnimeLabel">Anime</span>
           <span class="btn-key">5</span>
         </button>
-        <button class="style-btn" data-style="noir" title="Apply high-contrast monochrome film-noir grading.">
+        <button class="style-btn" data-style="noir" title="Apply high-contrast monochrome film-noir grading."  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.styleNoirTitle">
           <span class="btn-icon">◐</span>
-          <span class="btn-label">Noir</span>
+          <span class="btn-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.styleNoirLabel">Noir</span>
           <span class="btn-key">6</span>
         </button>
-        <button class="style-btn" data-style="snow" title="Add a cold, snowy whiteout treatment to the scene.">
+        <button class="style-btn" data-style="snow" title="Add a cold, snowy whiteout treatment to the scene."  data-i18n-title="cockpit.presets.styleSnowTitle">
           <span class="btn-icon">❄</span>
-          <span class="btn-label">Snow</span>
+          <span class="btn-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.styleSnowLabel">Snow</span>
           <span class="btn-key">7</span>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -58,7 +65,7 @@
       </section>
       </div>
       <div id="style-mini-status" class="panel-mini-status" aria-live="polite">
-        <span class="panel-mini-label">Style</span>
+        <span class="panel-mini-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.miniStyleLabel">Style</span>
         <span id="style-mini-value" class="panel-mini-value">NORMAL</span>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -69,26 +76,26 @@
     <div class="panel-glow"></div>
     <div class="location-inner">
       <div class="location-toolbar">
-        <button id="location-bar-toggle" class="dock-tray-toggle" type="button" data-dock-toggle-target="location-bar" aria-controls="location-bar-popover" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Expand LOCATION" title="Expand LOCATION">
+        <button id="location-bar-toggle" class="dock-tray-toggle" type="button" data-dock-toggle-target="location-bar" aria-controls="location-bar-popover" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Expand LOCATION" title="Expand LOCATION"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.location.toggleAria"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.location.toggleAria">
           <span class="location-toolbar-label"><span class="dock-label-icon dock-label-icon-location" aria-hidden="true"></span>LOCATION</span>
         </button>
-        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="location-bar" title="Collapse panel">+</button>
+        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="location-bar" title="Collapse panel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.location.collapseTitle">+</button>
       </div>
       <div id="location-mini-status" class="location-mini-status" aria-live="polite">
-        <div id="location-mini-city" class="location-mini-city">📍 Location: --</div>
-        <div id="location-mini-poi" class="location-mini-poi">Landmark: --</div>
+        <div id="location-mini-city" class="location-mini-city"  data-i18n="cockpit.location.miniCityInitial">📍 Location: --</div>
+        <div id="location-mini-poi" class="location-mini-poi"  data-i18n="cockpit.location.miniPoiInitial">Landmark: --</div>
       </div>
       <div id="location-bar-popover" class="dock-popover-content">
-        <button class="dock-pin-btn" data-pin-target="location-bar" type="button" aria-label="Pin location tray" aria-pressed="false" title="Keep location tray open"><img src="/pin.svg" alt="" /></button>
+        <button class="dock-pin-btn" data-pin-target="location-bar" type="button" aria-label="Pin location tray" aria-pressed="false" title="Keep location tray open"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.location.pinAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.location.pinTitle"><img src="/pin.svg" alt="" /></button>
         <div id="poi-row" class="poi-row-container"></div>
         <div class="location-bar-divider" id="location-bar-divider"></div>
         <div class="location-city-row">
           <div id="location-pills" class="location-pills"></div>
           <div class="location-search-wrap">
-            <button id="search-toggle" class="search-toggle-btn" title="Search any location">
+            <button id="search-toggle" class="search-toggle-btn" title="Search any location"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.location.searchToggleTitle">
               <span>&#x1F50E;</span>
             </button>
-            <input type="text" id="location-search" placeholder="Search any location..." autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" aria-label="Search location by name or coordinates" />
+            <input type="text" id="location-search" placeholder="Search any location..." autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" aria-label="Search location by name or coordinates"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.location.searchAria"  data-i18n-placeholder="cockpit.location.searchPlaceholder" />
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/context.html b/src/ui/templates/context.html
index dd4d70ee1..8c2874873 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/context.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/context.html
@@ -28,112 +28,112 @@
       <div class="panel-glow"></div>
       <div class="global-context-panel-inner" data-rail-scroller>
         <div class="panel-header">
-          <span class="panel-title">CONTEXT</span>
+          <span class="panel-title"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.panelTitle">CONTEXT</span>
           <span class="panel-divider"></span>
           <div id="context-radio-dock" class="context-radio-dock">
-            <button id="context-radio-toggle-btn" class="context-radio-toggle" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="context-radio-mini" aria-label="Open compact Radio controls" title="Open compact Radio controls">
+            <button id="context-radio-toggle-btn" class="context-radio-toggle" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="context-radio-mini" aria-label="Open compact Radio controls" title="Open compact Radio controls"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioToggleAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.radioToggleTitle">
               <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">radio</span>
             </button>
-            <div id="context-radio-mini" class="context-radio-mini" role="group" aria-label="Compact Radio controls" hidden>
+            <div id="context-radio-mini" class="context-radio-mini" role="group" aria-label="Compact Radio controls" hidden  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioMiniGroupAriaLabel">
               <div class="context-radio-mini-heading">
-                <span>RADIO</span>
-                <strong id="context-radio-mini-station">RADIO READY</strong>
+                <span  data-i18n="cockpit.context.radioMiniTitle">RADIO</span>
+                <strong id="context-radio-mini-station"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.radioMiniReady">RADIO READY</strong>
                 <span class="context-radio-mini-actions">
-                  <button id="context-radio-details-btn" type="button" aria-label="Open detailed Radio controls" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="radio-panel" title="Open detailed Radio controls">
+                  <button id="context-radio-details-btn" type="button" aria-label="Open detailed Radio controls" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="radio-panel" title="Open detailed Radio controls"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioDetailsAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.radioDetailsTitle">
                     <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">open_in_full</span>
                   </button>
-                  <button id="context-radio-mini-close-btn" type="button" aria-label="Close compact Radio controls" title="Close compact Radio controls">
+                  <button id="context-radio-mini-close-btn" type="button" aria-label="Close compact Radio controls" title="Close compact Radio controls"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioCloseAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.radioCloseTitle">
                     <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">close</span>
                   </button>
                 </span>
               </div>
-              <button id="context-radio-mini-enable-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false">ENABLE</button>
+              <button id="context-radio-mini-enable-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.radioMiniEnable">ENABLE</button>
               <div class="context-radio-mini-transport">
-                <button id="context-radio-mini-prev-btn" type="button" aria-label="Previous filtered radio station" title="Previous station" disabled>◀◀</button>
-                <button id="context-radio-mini-play-btn" type="button" aria-label="Play selected radio station" title="Play" disabled>▶</button>
-                <button id="context-radio-mini-next-btn" type="button" aria-label="Next filtered radio station" title="Next station" disabled>▶▶</button>
+                <button id="context-radio-mini-prev-btn" type="button" aria-label="Previous filtered radio station" title="Previous station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioMiniPrevAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.radioMiniPrevTitle">◀◀</button>
+                <button id="context-radio-mini-play-btn" type="button" aria-label="Play selected radio station" title="Play" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioMiniPlayAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.radioMiniPlayTitle">▶</button>
+                <button id="context-radio-mini-next-btn" type="button" aria-label="Next filtered radio station" title="Next station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioMiniNextAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.radioMiniNextTitle">▶▶</button>
               </div>
               <label class="context-radio-mini-volume" for="context-radio-mini-volume">
-                <span>VOLUME</span>
-                <input id="context-radio-mini-volume" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="80" aria-label="Compact Radio volume" disabled />
+                <span  data-i18n="cockpit.context.radioMiniVolumeLabel">VOLUME</span>
+                <input id="context-radio-mini-volume" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="80" aria-label="Compact Radio volume" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.radioMiniVolumeAriaLabel" />
                 <output id="context-radio-mini-volume-value" class="gev-slider-value" for="context-radio-mini-volume">80%</output>
               </label>
             </div>
           </div>
-          <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="global-context-panel" title="Expand panel">▶</button>
+          <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="global-context-panel" title="Expand panel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.collapseTitle">▶</button>
         </div>
         <div class="cyber-panel-body" data-rail-scroller>
-        <div class="global-context-modes" role="tablist" aria-label="Context mode">
-          <button id="global-context-flights-btn" class="context-mode-button" type="button" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="context-flights-view" aria-label="CONTACTS" title="Cycles the nearest contacts of whatever type you select — planes, vessels, installations. Satellites track independently.">
+        <div class="global-context-modes" role="tablist" aria-label="Context mode"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.modesAriaLabel">
+          <button id="global-context-flights-btn" class="context-mode-button" type="button" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="context-flights-view" aria-label="CONTACTS" title="Cycles the nearest contacts of whatever type you select — planes, vessels, installations. Satellites track independently."  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.contactsTabAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.contactsTabTitle">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">radar</span>
-            <span>CONTACTS</span>
+            <span  data-i18n="cockpit.context.contactsTabLabel">CONTACTS</span>
           </button>
           <button id="global-context-missions-btn" class="context-mode-button" type="button" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="context-missions-view">
             <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">rocket_launch</span>
-            <span>SPACE MISSIONS</span>
+            <span  data-i18n="cockpit.context.missionsTabLabel">SPACE MISSIONS</span>
           </button>
         </div>
         <div id="context-mode-standby" class="context-mode-standby">
-          <strong>SELECT CONTEXT</strong>
+          <strong  data-i18n="cockpit.context.standbyTitle">SELECT CONTEXT</strong>
           <span>CONTACTS — nearest planes · vessels · sites<br>SPACE MISSIONS — launches &amp; orbital assets</span>
         </div>
         <section id="context-flights-view" class="context-mode-view" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="global-context-flights-btn" hidden>
-          <div class="global-context-actions" aria-label="Contact Context actions">
+          <div class="global-context-actions" aria-label="Contact Context actions"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.actionsAriaLabel">
             <button id="cockpit-entry" type="button" hidden>
               <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">flight</span>
-              <span>COCKPIT</span>
+              <span  data-i18n="cockpit.context.cockpitEntryLabel">COCKPIT</span>
             </button>
-            <button id="installations-search-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button">SEARCH NEARBY SITES</button>
-            <button id="tr3b-toggle" class="tr3b-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false" hidden aria-label="Reclassify tracked contact as TR-3B" title="Reclassify as TR-3B">🛸</button>
+            <button id="installations-search-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.searchNearbyLabel">SEARCH NEARBY SITES</button>
+            <button id="tr3b-toggle" class="tr3b-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false" hidden aria-label="Reclassify tracked contact as TR-3B" title="Reclassify as TR-3B"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.tr3bAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.context.tr3bTitle">🛸</button>
           </div>
           <aside id="military-awareness-panel">
             <div class="military-awareness-standby">
-              <strong>CONTACTS CONTEXT OFF</strong>
-              <span>SELECT CONTACTS TO LOAD OBSERVED / MAPPED PROXIMITY</span>
+              <strong  data-i18n="cockpit.context.awarenessOffTitle">CONTACTS CONTEXT OFF</strong>
+              <span  data-i18n="cockpit.context.awarenessOffHint">SELECT CONTACTS TO LOAD OBSERVED / MAPPED PROXIMITY</span>
             </div>
           </aside>
         </section>
         <section id="context-missions-view" class="context-mode-view" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="global-context-missions-btn" hidden>
           <div id="space-mission-panel-host">
-            <div id="space-mission-roster" class="space-mission-roster" aria-label="Available Space Missions">
+            <div id="space-mission-roster" class="space-mission-roster" aria-label="Available Space Missions"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.context.rosterAriaLabel">
               <div class="space-mission-roster-header">
                 <div>
-                  <strong>AVAILABLE MISSIONS</strong>
-                  <span>SELECT A MISSION TO INSPECT</span>
+                  <strong  data-i18n="cockpit.context.rosterTitle">AVAILABLE MISSIONS</strong>
+                  <span  data-i18n="cockpit.context.rosterHint">SELECT A MISSION TO INSPECT</span>
                 </div>
                 <output data-mission-roster-count>—</output>
               </div>
               <div class="space-mission-roster-list" data-mission-roster-list>
-                <div class="space-mission-roster-empty">LOADING 30-DAY MISSION INDEX</div>
+                <div class="space-mission-roster-empty"  data-i18n="cockpit.context.rosterLoading">LOADING 30-DAY MISSION INDEX</div>
               </div>
-              <p class="space-mission-roster-focus-continuation" tabindex="-1" data-mission-roster-focus-continuation>TAB PREVIEWS · ENTER / SPACE SELECTS</p>
+              <p class="space-mission-roster-focus-continuation" tabindex="-1" data-mission-roster-focus-continuation  data-i18n="layers.missions.roster.keyboardHint">TAB PREVIEWS · ENTER / SPACE SELECTS</p>
             </div>
           </div>
         </section>
-        <section id="radio-panel" class="panel-collapsible collapsed" data-panel-id="radio-panel" aria-label="Internet radio and local SDR">
+        <section id="radio-panel" class="panel-collapsible collapsed" data-panel-id="radio-panel" aria-label="Internet radio and local SDR"  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.panelAriaLabel">
           <div class="radio-panel-inner">
             <div class="panel-header">
-              <span class="panel-title">RADIO</span>
+              <span class="panel-title"  data-i18n="layers.radio.panelTitle">RADIO</span>
               <span id="radio-layer-state" class="radio-layer-state">OFF</span>
               <span class="panel-divider"></span>
-              <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="radio-panel" title="Expand Radio" aria-label="Expand Radio section">+</button>
+              <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="radio-panel" title="Expand Radio" aria-label="Expand Radio section"  data-i18n-title="layers.radio.expandTitle"  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.expandAriaLabel">+</button>
             </div>
             <div class="radio-directory-row">
-              <button id="radio-enable-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false">ENABLE</button>
-              <label class="radio-filter-label" for="radio-filter">STATION TAG</label>
-              <select id="radio-filter" aria-label="Filter stations by station tag" disabled>
-                <option value="all">All</option>
+              <button id="radio-enable-btn" class="panel-layer-toggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false"  data-i18n="layers.radio.enable">ENABLE</button>
+              <label class="radio-filter-label" for="radio-filter"  data-i18n="layers.radio.stationTagLabel">STATION TAG</label>
+              <select id="radio-filter" aria-label="Filter stations by station tag" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.filterAriaLabel">
+                <option value="all"  data-i18n="layers.radio.filterAll">All</option>
               </select>
             </div>
             <div id="radio-station-card" class="radio-station-card" aria-live="polite">
-              <strong id="radio-station-name">NO STATION SELECTED</strong>
-              <span id="radio-station-meta">Enable Radio, then choose a globe marker or use next.</span>
+              <strong id="radio-station-name"  data-i18n="layers.radio.noStation">NO STATION SELECTED</strong>
+              <span id="radio-station-meta"  data-i18n="layers.radio.stationHint">Enable Radio, then choose a globe marker or use next.</span>
               <span id="radio-station-tags"></span>
             </div>
             <div id="radio-tuner" class="radio-tuner" hidden>
               <div class="radio-tuner-header">
                 <span id="radio-tuner-band-label">DIRECTORY BAND</span>
-                <output id="radio-tuner-value" for="radio-tuner-slider">DRAG TO TUNE</output>
+                <output id="radio-tuner-value" for="radio-tuner-slider"  data-i18n="layers.radio.dragToTune">DRAG TO TUNE</output>
               </div>
               <div class="radio-tuner-dial">
                 <div class="radio-tuner-scale" aria-hidden="true"></div>
@@ -142,26 +142,27 @@
                   aria-label="Tune available internet radio stations" aria-valuetext="No station available" disabled />
               </div>
               <div class="radio-tuner-readout">
-                <span id="radio-tuner-station">ALL · DRAG THE NEEDLE</span>
-                <span>SNAPS TO AVAILABLE STATIONS</span>
+                <span id="radio-tuner-station"  data-i18n="layers.radio.tunerIdle">ALL · DRAG THE NEEDLE</span>
+                <span  data-i18n="layers.radio.snapsNote">SNAPS TO AVAILABLE STATIONS</span>
               </div>
             </div>
-            <div class="radio-transport" role="group" aria-label="Radio playback">
-              <button id="radio-prev-btn" type="button" aria-label="Previous filtered station" disabled>PREV</button>
-              <button id="radio-play-btn" type="button" aria-label="Play selected station" disabled>PLAY</button>
-              <button id="radio-next-btn" type="button" aria-label="Next filtered station" disabled>NEXT</button>
-              <button id="radio-stop-btn" type="button" aria-label="Stop radio playback" disabled>STOP</button>
+            <div class="radio-transport" role="group" aria-label="Radio playback"  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.transportAriaLabel">
+              <button id="radio-prev-btn" type="button" aria-label="Previous filtered station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.prevAriaLabel"  data-i18n="layers.radio.prev">PREV</button>
+              <button id="radio-play-btn" type="button" aria-label="Play selected station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.playAriaLabel"  data-i18n="layers.radio.play">PLAY</button>
+              <button id="radio-next-btn" type="button" aria-label="Next filtered station" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.nextAriaLabel"  data-i18n="layers.radio.next">NEXT</button>
+              <button id="radio-stop-btn" type="button" aria-label="Stop radio playback" disabled  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.stopAriaLabel"  data-i18n="layers.radio.stop">STOP</button>
             </div>
             <label class="radio-volume-row" for="radio-volume">
-              <span>VOLUME</span>
-              <input id="radio-volume" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="80" aria-label="Radio volume" />
+              <span  data-i18n="layers.radio.volumeLabel">VOLUME</span>
+              <input id="radio-volume" class="gev-quantitative-slider" type="range" min="0" max="100" value="80" aria-label="Radio volume"  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.radio.volumeAriaLabel" />
               <output id="radio-volume-value" class="gev-slider-value" for="radio-volume">80%</output>
             </label>
-            <div id="radio-playback-state" class="radio-playback-state" role="status" aria-live="polite">Radio off</div>
+            <div id="radio-playback-state" class="radio-playback-state" role="status" aria-live="polite"  data-i18n="layers.radio.playbackOff">Radio off</div>
             <div class="radio-links">
-              <a id="radio-station-homepage" href="#" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" hidden>STATION SITE</a>
+              <a id="radio-station-homepage" href="#" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" hidden  data-i18n="layers.radio.stationSite">STATION SITE</a>
               <a href="https://www.radio-browser.info/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">DIRECTORY: RADIO BROWSER</a>
             </div>
+            <p class="radio-privacy"  data-i18n="layers.radio.privacyNote">Audio connects directly to the broadcaster after you press play. Your IP is visible to that broadcaster.</p>
             <p class="radio-privacy">Audio connects directly to the broadcaster after you press play. Your IP is visible to that broadcaster.</p>
             <div id="sdr-radio-card" class="sdr-radio-card" role="group" aria-label="Local RTL-SDR receiver">
               <div class="sdr-radio-heading">
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/display-controls.html b/src/ui/templates/display-controls.html
index 2b6d12793..f8b65b9f3 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/display-controls.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/display-controls.html
@@ -3,20 +3,20 @@
     <div class="compact pp-header-row">
       <span class="pp-header-label">DISPLAY</span>
       <span class="panel-divider" aria-hidden="true"></span>
-      <button class="panel-collapse-btn pp-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="pp-toggles" title="Collapse panel">&#x25C0;</button>
+      <button class="panel-collapse-btn pp-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="pp-toggles" title="Collapse panel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.collapseTitle">&#x25C0;</button>
     </div>
     <div class="pp-panel-body" data-rail-scroller>
     <div class="pp-toggle-group">
-      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="hud-toggle" title="Intelligence HUD (H)">
+      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="hud-toggle" title="Intelligence HUD (H)"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.hudToggleTitle">
         <span class="pp-icon">&#x25CE;</span>
         <span class="pp-label">HUD</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row" id="hud-layout-row">
-        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label">Layout</span>
-        <select id="hud-layout-select" class="pp-select" aria-label="HUD layout">
-          <option value="tactical">Tactical</option>
-          <option value="operator">Operator</option>
-          <option value="minimal">Minimal</option>
+        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.hudLayoutLabel">Layout</span>
+        <select id="hud-layout-select" class="pp-select" aria-label="HUD layout"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.hudLayoutAriaLabel">
+          <option value="tactical"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.hudLayoutTactical">Tactical</option>
+          <option value="operator"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.hudLayoutOperator">Operator</option>
+          <option value="minimal"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.hudLayoutMinimal">Minimal</option>
           <option value="cyber">Cyber</option>
         </select>
       </div>
@@ -52,39 +52,39 @@
       </div>
     </div>
     <div class="pp-toggle-group">
-      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="detection-toggle" title="Detection Overlay (D)" aria-label="Detection overlay" aria-pressed="false">
+      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="detection-toggle" title="Detection Overlay (D)" aria-label="Detection overlay" aria-pressed="false"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.detectionToggleTitle"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.detectionAriaLabel">
         <span class="pp-icon">&#x25A3;</span>
-        <span class="pp-label">DETECT</span>
+        <span class="pp-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.detectionLabel">DETECT</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row detection-slider-row" id="detection-slider-row">
-        <label class="pp-slider-mini-label" for="detection-density-slider">Density</label>
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="detection-density-slider" min="0" max="100" step="25" value="50" aria-label="Detection label density" />
+        <label class="pp-slider-mini-label" for="detection-density-slider"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.densityLabel">Density</label>
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="detection-density-slider" min="0" max="100" step="25" value="50" aria-label="Detection label density"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.densityAriaLabel" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="detection-density-value">50%</span>
       </div>
       <div class="pp-slider-row detection-allocation-row" id="detection-allocation-row">
-        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label">Allocation</span>
-        <div class="pp-mode-seg detection-allocation-seg" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Detection label allocation">
-          <button class="pp-mode-btn active" id="detection-allocation-elastic" data-allocation="ELASTIC" role="radio" aria-checked="true">Elastic</button>
-          <button class="pp-mode-btn" id="detection-allocation-weighted" data-allocation="WEIGHTED" role="radio" aria-checked="false">Weighted</button>
+        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.allocationLabel">Allocation</span>
+        <div class="pp-mode-seg detection-allocation-seg" role="radiogroup" aria-label="Detection label allocation"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.allocationAriaLabel">
+          <button class="pp-mode-btn active" id="detection-allocation-elastic" data-allocation="ELASTIC" role="radio" aria-checked="true"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.allocationElastic">Elastic</button>
+          <button class="pp-mode-btn" id="detection-allocation-weighted" data-allocation="WEIGHTED" role="radio" aria-checked="false"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.allocationWeighted">Weighted</button>
         </div>
       </div>
       <div class="pp-slider-row detection-fade-row" id="detection-fade-row">
-        <label class="pp-slider-mini-label" for="detection-fade-slider">Fade</label>
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="detection-fade-slider" min="0" max="40" step="1" value="7" aria-label="Detection fade distance" title="World-overlay fade distance outside the keyhole as a percentage of its radius" />
+        <label class="pp-slider-mini-label" for="detection-fade-slider"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.fadeLabel">Fade</label>
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="detection-fade-slider" min="0" max="40" step="1" value="7" aria-label="Detection fade distance" title="World-overlay fade distance outside the keyhole as a percentage of its radius"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.fadeAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.fadeTitle" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="detection-fade-value">7%</span>
       </div>
       <div class="pp-slider-row detection-opacity-row" id="detection-opacity-row">
-        <label class="pp-slider-mini-label" for="detection-opacity-slider">Outside</label>
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="detection-opacity-slider" min="0" max="100" step="1" value="1" aria-label="Detection opacity outside the keyhole" title="World-overlay label and card opacity beyond the fade distance" />
+        <label class="pp-slider-mini-label" for="detection-opacity-slider"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.outsideLabel">Outside</label>
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="detection-opacity-slider" min="0" max="100" step="1" value="1" aria-label="Detection opacity outside the keyhole" title="World-overlay label and card opacity beyond the fade distance"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.outsideAriaLabel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.outsideTitle" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="detection-opacity-value">1%</span>
       </div>
     </div>
     <!-- The one shared preset-parameter surface is inserted here at runtime. -->
     <div id="param-slider-panel">
       <div class="param-panel-header">
-        <span class="param-panel-title">PARAMETERS</span>
+        <span class="param-panel-title"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.parametersTitle">PARAMETERS</span>
         <span class="param-panel-divider"></span>
-        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" id="param-panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="param-slider-panel" title="Collapse panel">−</button>
+        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" id="param-panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="param-slider-panel" title="Collapse panel"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.parametersCollapseTitle">−</button>
       </div>
       <div id="param-sliders"></div>
     </div>
@@ -93,31 +93,31 @@
            button ships lit and the mode row ships open — the same markup-carries-the-default
            convention as #scope-toggle. ui.js re-syncs both from durable layer state, which
            is what flips them back for a share link or a stored session carrying 3D off. -->
-      <button class="pp-toggle-btn active" id="models3d-toggle" aria-pressed="true" title="3D aircraft — flat icons zoomed out, 3D models up close">
+      <button class="pp-toggle-btn active" id="models3d-toggle" aria-pressed="true" title="3D aircraft — flat icons zoomed out, 3D models up close"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.modelsToggleTitle">
         <span class="pp-icon">&#x2708;</span>
         <span class="pp-label">3D</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row visible" id="models3d-mode-row">
-        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label">Models</span>
-        <div class="pp-mode-seg" role="radiogroup" aria-label="3D model coverage">
-          <button class="pp-mode-btn active" id="models3d-mode-proximity" data-mode="proximity" role="radio" aria-checked="true">Proximity</button>
-          <button class="pp-mode-btn" id="models3d-mode-all" data-mode="all" role="radio" aria-checked="false">All</button>
+        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.modelsLabel">Models</span>
+        <div class="pp-mode-seg" role="radiogroup" aria-label="3D model coverage"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.modelsCoverageAriaLabel">
+          <button class="pp-mode-btn active" id="models3d-mode-proximity" data-mode="proximity" role="radio" aria-checked="true"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.modelsModeProximity">Proximity</button>
+          <button class="pp-mode-btn" id="models3d-mode-all" data-mode="all" role="radio" aria-checked="false"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.modelsModeAll">All</button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
     <div class="pp-toggle-group">
-      <button class="pp-toggle-btn active" id="scope-toggle" title="Scope — the circular viewport mask" aria-pressed="true">
+      <button class="pp-toggle-btn active" id="scope-toggle" title="Scope — the circular viewport mask" aria-pressed="true"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.scopeToggleTitle">
         <span class="pp-icon material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">adjust</span>
-        <span class="pp-label">Scope</span>
+        <span class="pp-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.scopeLabel">Scope</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row visible" id="scope-slider-row">
-        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label">Feather</span>
+        <span class="pp-slider-mini-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.featherLabel">Feather</span>
         <!-- Feather starts at an 11% soft scope-mask edge (owner final lock
              2026-08-24, superseding the 08-22 hard-crop and 08-23 8% rulings);
              mirrors SCOPE_FEATHER_RATIO_DEFAULT in src/scopeMask.js. Feather
              softens the black mask edge; label fading is the separate Fade
              slider. -->
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="scope-feather-slider" min="0" max="100" value="11" aria-label="Scope edge feather" title="Scope edge feather as a percentage of the keyhole radius" />
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="scope-feather-slider" min="0" max="100" value="11" aria-label="Scope edge feather" title="Scope edge feather as a percentage of the keyhole radius"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.featherAria"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.featherTitle" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="scope-feather-value">11%</span>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -148,35 +148,35 @@
       </div>
     </div>
     <div class="pp-toggle-group">
-      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="celestial-toggle" title="Celestial ring — reveal the full globe" aria-pressed="false">
+      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="celestial-toggle" title="Celestial ring — reveal the full globe" aria-pressed="false"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.celestialToggleTitle">
         <span class="pp-icon material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">flare</span>
-        <span class="pp-label">Celestial</span>
+        <span class="pp-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.celestialLabel">Celestial</span>
       </button>
     </div>
-    <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="clean-view-toggle" title="Hide UI chrome">
+    <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="clean-view-toggle" title="Hide UI chrome"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.cleanViewToggleTitle">
       <span class="pp-icon">&#x25A1;</span>
-      <span class="pp-label">Clean UI</span>
+      <span class="pp-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.cleanViewLabel">Clean UI</span>
     </button>
     <div class="pp-toggle-group">
-      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="bloom-toggle" title="Bloom / Glow">
+      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="bloom-toggle" title="Bloom / Glow"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.bloomToggleTitle">
         <span class="pp-icon">&#x2728;</span>
-        <span class="pp-label">Bloom</span>
+        <span class="pp-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.bloomLabel">Bloom</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row" id="bloom-slider-row">
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="bloom-intensity-slider" min="0" max="200" value="0" aria-label="Bloom intensity" />
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="bloom-intensity-slider" min="0" max="200" value="0" aria-label="Bloom intensity"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.bloomAria" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="bloom-intensity-value">0%</span>
       </div>
     </div>
     <div class="pp-toggle-group">
-      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="sharpen-toggle" title="Sharpening">
+      <button class="pp-toggle-btn" id="sharpen-toggle" title="Sharpening"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.sharpenToggleTitle">
         <span class="pp-icon">&#x1F50D;</span>
-        <span class="pp-label">Sharpen</span>
+        <span class="pp-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.sharpenLabel">Sharpen</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row" id="sharpen-slider-row">
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="sharpen-intensity-slider" min="0" max="100" value="49" aria-label="Sharpen intensity" />
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="sharpen-intensity-slider" min="0" max="100" value="49" aria-label="Sharpen intensity"  data-i18n-aria-label="cockpit.display.sharpenAria" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="sharpen-intensity-value">49%</span>
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
   </div>
-  <button id="clean-view-exit" title="Return UI controls">EXIT CLEAN VIEW</button>
+  <button id="clean-view-exit" title="Return UI controls"  data-i18n-title="cockpit.display.cleanViewExitTitle"  data-i18n="cockpit.display.cleanViewExitLabel">EXIT CLEAN VIEW</button>
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/hud-loading.html b/src/ui/templates/hud-loading.html
index f4ffb3a27..ca8b705ea 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/hud-loading.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/hud-loading.html
@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@
     <div class="loader-content">
       <span class="loader-logo brand-logo" data-logo-gaze data-logo-src="/logo.svg" aria-hidden="true"><img src="/logo.svg" alt="" /></span>
       <h2>GOD'S EYE <span class="title-accent">VIEW</span></h2>
-      <p class="loader-status">Initializing photorealistic world...</p>
+      <p class="loader-status"  data-i18n="shell.loading.initialStatus">Initializing photorealistic world...</p>
     </div>
   </div>
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/layer-panels.html b/src/ui/templates/layer-panels.html
index 44695ced3..1ab2cfba3 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/layer-panels.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/layer-panels.html
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
     <div class="panel-glow"></div>
     <div class="data-panel-inner">
       <div class="panel-header">
-        <span class="panel-title">DATA LAYERS</span>
+        <span class="panel-title"  data-i18n="shell.panels.dataLayers">DATA LAYERS</span>
         <span class="panel-divider"></span>
-        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="data-panel" title="Collapse panel">+</button>
+        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="data-panel" title="Collapse panel"  data-i18n-title="shell.panels.collapseTitle">+</button>
       </div>
       <div id="data-toggles" class="data-toggle-list"></div>
     </div>
@@ -17,56 +17,56 @@
     <div class="panel-glow"></div>
     <div class="cctv-panel-inner" data-rail-scroller>
       <div class="panel-header">
-        <span class="panel-title">CCTV</span>
+        <span class="panel-title"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.panelTitle">CCTV</span>
         <span class="panel-divider"></span>
-        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="cctv-panel" title="Collapse panel">+</button>
+        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="cctv-panel" title="Collapse panel"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.collapseTitle">+</button>
       </div>
       <div class="cyber-panel-body" data-rail-scroller>
       <div id="cctv-frame-wrap" class="cctv-frame-wrap">
         <img id="cctv-frame" alt="CCTV feed frame" />
         <canvas id="cctv-video" class="cctv-frame" hidden></canvas>
       </div>
-      <div id="cctv-source-badge" role="status" aria-live="polite">SOURCE · UNKNOWN</div>
-      <div id="cctv-meta">Enable CCTV to load camera intersections</div>
+      <div id="cctv-source-badge" role="status" aria-live="polite"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.sourceUnknown">SOURCE · UNKNOWN</div>
+      <div id="cctv-meta"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.metaIdle">Enable CCTV to load camera intersections</div>
       <div class="cctv-controls">
-        <button id="cctv-enable-btn" class="scene-btn">CCTV OFF</button>
-        <button id="cctv-nearest-btn" class="scene-btn">NEAREST</button>
+        <button id="cctv-enable-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.toggleOff">CCTV OFF</button>
+        <button id="cctv-nearest-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.nearest">NEAREST</button>
       </div>
       <div class="cctv-controls">
-        <button id="cctv-prev-btn" class="scene-btn">PREV</button>
-        <select id="cctv-camera-select" aria-label="CCTV camera"></select>
-        <button id="cctv-next-btn" class="scene-btn">NEXT</button>
+        <button id="cctv-prev-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.prev">PREV</button>
+        <select id="cctv-camera-select" aria-label="CCTV camera"  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.cctv.cameraAriaLabel"></select>
+        <button id="cctv-next-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.next">NEXT</button>
       </div>
       <div class="cctv-controls">
-        <button id="cctv-focus-btn" class="scene-btn">FOCUS</button>
-        <button id="cctv-coverage-btn" class="scene-btn">COVERAGE OFF</button>
-        <button id="cctv-auto-hop-btn" class="scene-btn">AUTO HOP OFF</button>
+        <button id="cctv-focus-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.focus">FOCUS</button>
+        <button id="cctv-coverage-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.coverageOff">COVERAGE OFF</button>
+        <button id="cctv-auto-hop-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.autoHopOff">AUTO HOP OFF</button>
       </div>
       <div class="cctv-controls">
-        <button id="cctv-projection-btn" class="scene-btn">PROJECTION ON</button>
+        <button id="cctv-projection-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.projectionOn">PROJECTION ON</button>
         <span id="cctv-quality-chip">CAL · --</span>
       </div>
       <div class="cctv-calibration-block">
         <div class="cctv-calibration-header">
-          <div class="cctv-summary-label">CALIBRATION</div>
-          <button id="cctv-adjust-btn" class="scene-btn" title="Drag the camera in the world: rings rotate, arrows move, handles set range/FOV">ADJUST</button>
+          <div class="cctv-summary-label"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.calibrationLabel">CALIBRATION</div>
+          <button id="cctv-adjust-btn" class="scene-btn" title="Drag the camera in the world: rings rotate, arrows move, handles set range/FOV"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.adjustTitle"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.adjustLabel">ADJUST</button>
         </div>
-        <div id="cctv-cal-readout" class="cctv-cal-readout" aria-label="Camera pose — click a value to type">
-          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="heading" title="Heading (compass °) — click to type">HDG --</button>
-          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="pitch" title="Pitch (° up/down) — click to type">PITCH --</button>
-          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="fov" title="Horizontal FOV (°) — click to type">FOV --</button>
-          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="range" title="Range / monitor-plane distance (m) — click to type">RANGE --</button>
-          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="height" title="Mount height above ground (m) — click to type">HGT --</button>
-          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="north" title="North offset from catalog position (m) — click to type">ΔN --</button>
-          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="east" title="East offset from catalog position (m) — click to type">ΔE --</button>
+        <div id="cctv-cal-readout" class="cctv-cal-readout" aria-label="Camera pose — click a value to type"  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.cctv.calPoseAriaLabel">
+          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="heading" title="Heading (compass °) — click to type"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.calHeadingTitle">HDG --</button>
+          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="pitch" title="Pitch (° up/down) — click to type"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.calPitchTitle">PITCH --</button>
+          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="fov" title="Horizontal FOV (°) — click to type"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.calFovTitle">FOV --</button>
+          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="range" title="Range / monitor-plane distance (m) — click to type"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.calRangeTitle">RANGE --</button>
+          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="height" title="Mount height above ground (m) — click to type"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.calHeightTitle">HGT --</button>
+          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="north" title="North offset from catalog position (m) — click to type"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.calNorthTitle">ΔN --</button>
+          <button class="cctv-cal-value" data-cal-field="east" title="East offset from catalog position (m) — click to type"  data-i18n-title="layers.cctv.calEastTitle">ΔE --</button>
         </div>
         <div class="cctv-controls cctv-calibration-actions">
-          <button id="cctv-calib-save-btn" class="scene-btn">SAVE CAL</button>
-          <button id="cctv-calib-reset-btn" class="scene-btn">RESET CAL</button>
+          <button id="cctv-calib-save-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.saveCal">SAVE CAL</button>
+          <button id="cctv-calib-reset-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.resetCal">RESET CAL</button>
         </div>
       </div>
-      <div class="cctv-summary-label">SCENE SUMMARY</div>
-      <div id="cctv-summary">Enable CCTV to start camera-linked intelligence summaries.</div>
+      <div class="cctv-summary-label"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.summaryLabel">SCENE SUMMARY</div>
+      <div id="cctv-summary"  data-i18n="layers.cctv.summaryIdle">Enable CCTV to start camera-linked intelligence summaries.</div>
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -76,35 +76,35 @@
     <div class="panel-glow"></div>
     <div class="scene-panel-inner">
       <div class="panel-header">
-        <span class="panel-title">SCENES</span>
+        <span class="panel-title"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.panelTitle">SCENES</span>
         <span class="panel-divider"></span>
-        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="scene-panel" title="Collapse panel">+</button>
+        <button class="panel-collapse-btn" data-collapse-target="scene-panel" title="Collapse panel"  data-i18n-title="setup.scenes.collapseTitle">+</button>
       </div>
       <div class="scene-controls">
-        <select id="scene-select" aria-label="Scene recipe"></select>
-        <button id="scene-new-btn" class="scene-btn">NEW</button>
-        <button id="scene-delete-btn" class="scene-btn scene-btn-danger">DEL</button>
+        <select id="scene-select" aria-label="Scene recipe"  data-i18n-aria-label="setup.scenes.recipeAriaLabel"></select>
+        <button id="scene-new-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.new">NEW</button>
+        <button id="scene-delete-btn" class="scene-btn scene-btn-danger"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.delete">DEL</button>
       </div>
       <div class="scene-controls">
-        <button id="scene-capture-btn" class="scene-btn">CAPTURE SHOT</button>
-        <button id="scene-update-shot-btn" class="scene-btn">UPDATE SHOT</button>
+        <button id="scene-capture-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.capture">CAPTURE SHOT</button>
+        <button id="scene-update-shot-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.updateShot">UPDATE SHOT</button>
       </div>
       <div id="scene-shot-list" class="scene-shot-list"></div>
       <div class="scene-controls">
-        <button id="scene-start-btn" class="scene-btn">START</button>
-        <button id="scene-stop-btn" class="scene-btn scene-btn-danger">STOP</button>
-        <button id="scene-next-btn" class="scene-btn">NEXT</button>
+        <button id="scene-start-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.start">START</button>
+        <button id="scene-stop-btn" class="scene-btn scene-btn-danger"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.stop">STOP</button>
+        <button id="scene-next-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.next">NEXT</button>
       </div>
       <div class="scene-controls">
-        <button id="scene-export-btn" class="scene-btn">EXPORT PRESETS</button>
-        <button id="scene-import-btn" class="scene-btn">IMPORT</button>
-        <button id="scene-download-btn" class="scene-btn">RUN LOG</button>
+        <button id="scene-export-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.exportPresets">EXPORT PRESETS</button>
+        <button id="scene-import-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.import">IMPORT</button>
+        <button id="scene-download-btn" class="scene-btn"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.runLog">RUN LOG</button>
         <input type="file" id="scene-import-file" accept="application/json,.json" hidden />
       </div>
       <div class="scene-progress">
         <div id="scene-progress-fill">0%</div>
       </div>
-      <div id="scene-status">Ready</div>
+      <div id="scene-status"  data-i18n="setup.scenes.statusReady">Ready</div>
     </div>
   </div>
 
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/provider-settings.html b/src/ui/templates/provider-settings.html
index 3b5d98a97..76714c731 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/provider-settings.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/provider-settings.html
@@ -4,22 +4,22 @@
        that payload, so the key registry lives in src/keySetupCore.mjs alone. -->
   <button id="key-setup-chip" type="button" hidden aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-controls="key-setup">
     <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">bolt</span>
-    <span data-key-setup-chip-label>POWER UP</span>
+    <span data-key-setup-chip-label  data-i18n="setup.keySetup.chip">POWER UP</span>
   </button>
   <aside id="key-setup" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="key-setup-title" aria-describedby="key-setup-description" hidden>
     <div class="key-setup-scanline" aria-hidden="true"></div>
     <header class="key-setup-header">
-      <span class="key-setup-kicker">GROUND STATION · PROVIDER SETTINGS</span>
-      <button type="button" class="key-setup-close" data-key-setup-close aria-label="Close key setup">
+      <span class="key-setup-kicker"  data-i18n="setup.keySetup.kicker">GROUND STATION · PROVIDER SETTINGS</span>
+      <button type="button" class="key-setup-close" data-key-setup-close aria-label="Close key setup"  data-i18n-aria-label="setup.keySetup.closeAriaLabel">
         <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">close</span>
       </button>
     </header>
-    <h2 id="key-setup-title">Power up the globe</h2>
-    <p id="key-setup-description">The globe already flies keyless. Every key below switches on another real feed — paste one and it's saved into this app's local configuration, then the server restarts itself. Server-side keys stay on this machine; Google Maps and Cesium ion run in the browser and must be provider-restricted. Keys you configured elsewhere are shown but never touched.</p>
+    <h2 id="key-setup-title"  data-i18n="setup.keySetup.title">Power up the globe</h2>
+    <p id="key-setup-description"  data-i18n="setup.keySetup.description">The globe already flies keyless. Every key below switches on another real feed — paste one and it's saved into this app's local configuration, then the server restarts itself. Server-side keys stay on this machine; Google Maps and Cesium ion run in the browser and must be provider-restricted. Keys you configured elsewhere are shown but never touched.</p>
     <div class="key-setup-rows" data-key-setup-rows></div>
     <div class="key-setup-footer">
-      <button type="button" class="key-setup-apply" data-key-setup-apply>SAVE KEYS</button>
-      <span class="key-setup-hint">ESC to close</span>
+      <button type="button" class="key-setup-apply" data-key-setup-apply  data-i18n="setup.keySetup.apply">SAVE KEYS</button>
+      <span class="key-setup-hint"  data-i18n="setup.keySetup.hint">ESC to close</span>
     </div>
-    <p class="key-setup-note" data-key-setup-status role="status" aria-live="polite">The Google Maps key buys the photorealistic planet — everything else stacks on top.</p>
+    <p class="key-setup-note" data-key-setup-status role="status" aria-live="polite"  data-i18n="setup.keySetup.note">The Google Maps key buys the photorealistic planet — everything else stacks on top.</p>
   </aside>
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/scene-chrome.html b/src/ui/templates/scene-chrome.html
index 03b7743a0..e9c051d1b 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/scene-chrome.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/scene-chrome.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   <div id="world-overlay-root" aria-hidden="true">
     <canvas id="world-overlay-canvas"></canvas>
   </div>
-  <div id="world-overlay-actions" class="world-overlay-accessibility" role="region" aria-label="Visible map targets">
+  <div id="world-overlay-actions" class="world-overlay-accessibility" role="region" aria-label="Visible map targets"  data-i18n-aria-label="layers.overlay.regionAriaLabel">
     <div id="world-overlay-action-list"></div>
     <div id="world-overlay-status" role="status" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true"></div>
   </div>
@@ -11,21 +11,21 @@
   <div id="title-bar">
     <div class="title-glow"></div>
     <h1><span class="title-logo brand-logo" data-logo-gaze data-logo-src="/logo.svg" aria-hidden="true"><img src="/logo.svg" alt="" /></span> <span>GOD'S EYE <span class="title-accent">VIEW</span></span></h1>
-    <p class="subtitle">NO PLACE LEFT BEHIND</p>
+    <p class="subtitle"  data-i18n="shell.title.subtitle">NO PLACE LEFT BEHIND</p>
   </div>
 
   <!-- Style indicator -->
   <div id="style-indicator">
-    <span class="indicator-label">ACTIVE STYLE</span>
+    <span class="indicator-label"  data-i18n="cockpit.presets.activeStyleLabel">ACTIVE STYLE</span>
     <span class="indicator-value" id="active-style-name">NORMAL</span>
   </div>
 
   <!-- Top-center camera and share actions -->
-  <nav id="top-center-actions" aria-label="Globe actions">
-    <button id="clear-selected-layers" type="button" aria-label="Clear selected data layers" title="Turn off all selected data layers">
+  <nav id="top-center-actions" aria-label="Globe actions"  data-i18n-aria-label="shell.actions.navAriaLabel">
+    <button id="clear-selected-layers" type="button" aria-label="Clear selected data layers" title="Turn off all selected data layers"  data-i18n-aria-label="shell.actions.clearLayers.ariaLabel"  data-i18n-title="shell.actions.clearLayers.title">
       <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">layers_clear</span>
     </button>
-    <button id="share-btn" type="button" aria-label="Copy share link" title="Copy share link">
+    <button id="share-btn" type="button" aria-label="Copy share link" title="Copy share link"  data-i18n-aria-label="shell.actions.share.ariaLabel"  data-i18n-title="shell.actions.share.title">
       <span class="share-icon" aria-hidden="true">&#x1F517;</span>
     </button>
     <button id="tilt-map-view" type="button" aria-label="Tilt map to oblique view" aria-pressed="false" title="Toggle straight-down and tilted map views">
@@ -35,20 +35,20 @@
       <span class="camera-compass-n" aria-hidden="true">N</span>
       <span class="camera-compass-needle material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">navigation</span>
     </button>
-    <button id="reset-globe-view" type="button" aria-label="Reset to full globe view" title="Reset camera and return to full globe view">
+    <button id="reset-globe-view" type="button" aria-label="Reset to full globe view" title="Reset camera and return to full globe view"  data-i18n-aria-label="shell.actions.resetView.ariaLabel"  data-i18n-title="shell.actions.resetView.title">
       <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">public</span>
     </button>
   </nav>
   <div id="global-loading-status" role="status" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" hidden>
-    <span id="global-loading-label">LOADING LIVE DATA</span>
+    <span id="global-loading-label"  data-i18n="shell.status.loadingLiveData">LOADING LIVE DATA</span>
     <span id="global-loading-detail"></span>
   </div>
   <div id="traffic-sync-chip" aria-live="polite">
-    <span id="traffic-sync-label">syncing road network</span>
+    <span id="traffic-sync-label"  data-i18n="shell.status.trafficSyncing">syncing road network</span>
     <span id="traffic-sync-progress">0%</span>
   </div>
   <div id="cctv-sync-chip" aria-live="polite">
-    <span id="cctv-sync-label">loading frames</span>
+    <span id="cctv-sync-label"  data-i18n="shell.status.framesLoading">loading frames</span>
     <span id="cctv-sync-progress">0/0</span>
   </div>
 
diff --git a/src/ui/templates/welcome.html b/src/ui/templates/welcome.html
index fe682abd2..3dcb17b56 100644
--- a/src/ui/templates/welcome.html
+++ b/src/ui/templates/welcome.html
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
   <aside id="first-run-launcher" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="first-run-title" aria-describedby="first-run-description" hidden>
     <div class="first-run-scanline" aria-hidden="true"></div>
     <header class="first-run-header">
-      <span class="first-run-kicker">MISSION CONTROL · FIRST LAUNCH</span>
+      <span class="first-run-kicker"  data-i18n="setup.firstRun.kicker">MISSION CONTROL · FIRST LAUNCH</span>
     </header>
-    <h2 id="first-run-title">Choose your first view</h2>
+    <h2 id="first-run-title"  data-i18n="setup.firstRun.title">Choose your first view</h2>
     <!-- The card's one persuasive line, owner-authored and VERBATIM (2026-08-23)
          — including the unspaced em dash. The arc it has to carry: this looks
          like something you should not have access to → the sources are all
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@
     <div class="first-run-choices">
       <button type="button" data-first-run-choice="contacts">
         <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">radar</span>
-        <span><strong>LIVE CONTACTS</strong><small>Aircraft, vessels and nearby intelligence</small></span>
+        <span><strong data-i18n="setup.firstRun.choice.contacts">LIVE CONTACTS</strong><small data-i18n="setup.firstRun.choice.contactsSub">Aircraft, vessels and nearby intelligence</small></span>
         <span class="material-symbols-outlined first-run-arrow" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span>
       </button>
       <button type="button" data-first-run-choice="space-missions">
         <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">rocket_launch</span>
-        <span><strong>SPACE MISSIONS</strong><small>Launches, spacecraft and orbital context</small></span>
+        <span><strong data-i18n="setup.firstRun.choice.spaceMissions">SPACE MISSIONS</strong><small data-i18n="setup.firstRun.choice.spaceMissionsSub">Launches, spacecraft and orbital context</small></span>
         <span class="material-symbols-outlined first-run-arrow" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span>
       </button>
       <button type="button" data-first-run-choice="environmental">
@@ -35,18 +35,18 @@
       </button>
       <button type="button" class="first-run-explore" data-first-run-choice="explore">
         <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">public</span>
-        <span><strong>EXPLORE MANUALLY</strong><small>Begin with a clean globe</small></span>
+        <span  data-i18n="setup.firstRun.choice.explore"  data-i18n="setup.firstRun.choice.exploreSub"><strong>EXPLORE MANUALLY</strong><small>Begin with a clean globe</small></span>
         <span class="material-symbols-outlined first-run-arrow" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span>
       </button>
     </div>
     <div class="first-run-footer">
       <label class="first-run-suppress">
         <input type="checkbox" data-first-run-suppress />
-        <span>Don't show this again</span>
+        <span  data-i18n="setup.firstRun.suppress">Don't show this again</span>
       </label>
-      <span>ESC to dismiss</span>
+      <span  data-i18n="setup.firstRun.dismissHint">ESC to dismiss</span>
     </div>
     <!-- Kept out of the footer row: it swaps to mission progress and errors, and
          a live region that also holds layout makes the row jump as it speaks. -->
-    <p class="first-run-note" data-first-run-status role="status" aria-live="polite">Tip: the GEV MIC button in the dock lets you talk to the map.</p>
+    <p class="first-run-note" data-first-run-status role="status" aria-live="polite"  data-i18n="setup.firstRun.note">Tip: the GEV MIC button in the dock lets you talk to the map.</p>
   </aside>
diff --git a/src/ui/visualSettings.js b/src/ui/visualSettings.js
index a23b6f301..990fbf792 100644
--- a/src/ui/visualSettings.js
+++ b/src/ui/visualSettings.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { STYLE_STATUS_LABELS } from './visualPresets.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { UiLifetime } from './uiLifetime.js';
 import {
   VisualEffects,
@@ -1165,8 +1166,8 @@ export class VisualSettings {
       this._celestialBtn.disabled = !styleSupported;
       this._celestialBtn.setAttribute('aria-disabled', String(!styleSupported));
       this._celestialBtn.title = styleSupported
-        ? 'Celestial ring — reveal the full globe'
-        : 'Celestial ring — available in Normal style';
+        ? t('cockpit.display.celestialToggleTitle')
+        : t('cockpit.display.celestialUnavailableTitle');
     }
     let cameraFocused = false;
     if (nextEnabled && focus) {
@@ -1609,21 +1610,31 @@ export class VisualSettings {
     btn.setAttribute(
       'aria-label',
       enabled
-        ? `Detection overlay: ${String(modeLabel).toLowerCase()}`
-        : 'Detection overlay: off',
+        ? t('cockpit.display.detectionAriaTemplate', {
+            mode: String(modeLabel).toLowerCase(),
+          })
+        : t('cockpit.display.detectionAriaOff'),
     );
     btn.classList.remove('active', 'god', 'panoptic');
     if (modeLabel === 'SPARSE') {
-      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = 'SPARSE';
+      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = t(
+        'cockpit.display.detectionLabelSparse',
+      );
       btn.classList.add('active');
     } else if (modeLabel === 'BALANCED') {
-      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = 'BALANCED';
+      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = t(
+        'cockpit.display.detectionLabelBalanced',
+      );
       btn.classList.add('active');
     } else if (modeLabel === 'DENSE') {
-      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = 'DENSE';
+      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = t(
+        'cockpit.display.detectionLabelDense',
+      );
       btn.classList.add('active', 'panoptic');
     } else {
-      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = 'DETECT';
+      btn.querySelector('.pp-label').textContent = t(
+        'cockpit.display.detectionLabel',
+      );
     }
 
     if (this._detectionSliderRow) {
diff --git a/src/voice/control.js b/src/voice/control.js
index 35e4d20bc..aa0ceda65 100644
--- a/src/voice/control.js
+++ b/src/voice/control.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 /** Build the voice control independently of its connection backend. */
 export function createVoiceControl({ reset = false } = {}) {
   let root = document.getElementById('gev-voice-control');
@@ -12,14 +14,14 @@ export function createVoiceControl({ reset = false } = {}) {
     root.dataset.speaker = 'idle';
     root.innerHTML = `
       <div class="gev-voice-heading">
-        <div class="gev-voice-kicker">AI AGENT</div>
-        <div id="gev-voice-status">OFF</div>
+        <div class="gev-voice-kicker">${t('setup.voice.kicker.agent')}</div>
+        <div id="gev-voice-status">${t('setup.voice.status.idle')}</div>
         <div class="gev-voice-cost">
-          <button id="gev-voice-tier" class="gev-voice-tier-btn" type="button" aria-pressed="false" title="Voice model tier — applies next session">STD</button>
-          <span id="gev-voice-cost-value" class="gev-voice-cost-value" data-level="ok" title="Estimated session cost">~$0.00</span>
+          <button id="gev-voice-tier" class="gev-voice-tier-btn" type="button" aria-pressed="false" title="${t('setup.voice.tier.buttonTitle')}">STD</button>
+          <span id="gev-voice-cost-value" class="gev-voice-cost-value" data-level="ok" title="${t('setup.voice.cost.buttonTitle')}">~$0.00</span>
         </div>
       </div>
-      <button id="gev-voice-button" type="button" aria-label="Voice control — activate to toggle voice; hold Space to speak" aria-describedby="gev-voice-help">
+      <button id="gev-voice-button" type="button" aria-label="${t('setup.voice.button.ariaLabel')}" aria-describedby="gev-voice-help">
         <span class="gev-mic-orbit"><img src="/mic.svg" alt="" /></span>
         <span class="gev-mic-label">ON/OFF</span>
       </button>
@@ -27,19 +29,19 @@ export function createVoiceControl({ reset = false } = {}) {
         ${Array.from({ length: 15 }, (_, index) => `<span style="--bar:${index}"></span>`).join('')}
       </div>
       <div class="gev-voice-readout">
-        <div id="gev-voice-detail">VOICE STANDBY</div>
+        <div id="gev-voice-detail">${t('setup.voice.detail.standby')}</div>
       </div>
       <div id="gev-voice-help" class="gev-voice-help-tray" role="tooltip">
-        <span class="gev-voice-help-kicker">VOICE CONTROL</span>
-        <span class="gev-voice-help-detail">Hold Space to speak · tap Space to activate focused controls</span>
+        <span class="gev-voice-help-kicker">${t('setup.voice.kicker.control')}</span>
+        <span class="gev-voice-help-detail">${t('setup.voice.hint.default')}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="gev-voice-error-tray" role="alert" aria-live="assertive">
         <div class="gev-voice-error-header">
-          <span>VOICE SYSTEM ERROR</span>
-          <button class="gev-voice-error-dismiss" type="button">DISMISS</button>
+          <span>${t('setup.voice.error.trayTitle')}</span>
+          <button class="gev-voice-error-dismiss" type="button">${t('setup.voice.error.dismiss')}</button>
         </div>
         <div id="gev-voice-error-detail"></div>
-        <div class="gev-voice-error-hint">Check microphone permission and network access, then try again.</div>
+        <div class="gev-voice-error-hint">${t('setup.voice.error.hint')}</div>
       </div>
     `;
     const commandDock = document.getElementById('command-dock');
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js b/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js
index b20afb67d..9abce76ac 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeConnection.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 const DISCONNECT_GRACE_MS = 6000;
 
 function releaseStartResources({ localStream = null, localPc = null } = {}) {
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ export class RealtimeConnection {
     this.input.pushToTalkKeyHeld = pushToTalkKeyHeld;
     this.input.spaceKeyHeld = spaceKeyHeld;
     if (!window.RTCPeerConnection || !navigator.mediaDevices?.getUserMedia) {
-      this.setStatus('error', 'WebRTC microphone support unavailable');
+      this.setStatus('error', t('setup.voice.detail.microphoneUnavailable'));
       return;
     }
 
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ export class RealtimeConnection {
     // — this is what "applies next session" means.
     this.cost.prepareSession();
     this.syncCostUi();
-    this.setStatus('connecting', 'Requesting microphone');
+    this.setStatus('connecting', t('setup.voice.detail.requestingMicrophone'));
     this.debugLog('session.starting', {
       epoch,
       tier: this.cost.voiceTier,
@@ -176,9 +178,9 @@ export class RealtimeConnection {
         if (!ownsChannel()) return;
         const detail = this.input.pushToTalkMode
           ? this.input.pushToTalkKeyHeld
-            ? 'Release Space to send'
-            : 'Hold Space to talk'
-          : 'Ask or command';
+            ? t('setup.voice.detail.releaseSpaceSend')
+            : t('setup.voice.detail.holdSpaceTalk')
+          : t('setup.voice.detail.askOrCommand');
         this.setStatus('listening', detail);
         this.debugLog('data_channel.open', {
           connection: this.connectionDiagnostics(dataChannel),
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeController.js b/src/voice/realtimeController.js
index d0c9f1bae..88f1a5ccf 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeController.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeController.js
@@ -44,13 +44,17 @@ export {
 
 import { createRealtimeBackend } from './realtimeBackend.js';
 
-const STATUS = {
-  idle: 'OFF',
-  connecting: 'CONNECTING',
-  listening: 'LISTENING',
-  executing: 'EXECUTING',
-  error: 'ERROR',
-};
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
+// Status enum VALUES are machine identifiers (dataset.status, CSS hooks);
+// only the LABEL rendered from them localizes, resolved at write time via t().
+const STATUS_LABEL_KEYS = Object.freeze({
+  idle: 'setup.voice.status.idle',
+  connecting: 'setup.voice.status.connecting',
+  listening: 'setup.voice.status.listening',
+  executing: 'setup.voice.status.executing',
+  error: 'setup.voice.status.error',
+});
 
 /** Compose voice state owners and coordinate ordered session startup/teardown. */
 export class GevRealtimeController extends RealtimeFacade {
@@ -267,7 +271,7 @@ export class GevRealtimeController extends RealtimeFacade {
       this.ui.root.remove();
     }
     if (!preserveStatus && !removeUi) {
-      this.setStatus('idle', 'Voice off');
+      this.setStatus('idle', t('setup.voice.detail.voiceOff'));
     }
     this.setRadioVoiceDucking(false);
     if (removeUi) this.emitSessionEvent({ type: 'disposed' });
@@ -287,24 +291,28 @@ export class GevRealtimeController extends RealtimeFacade {
     this.ui.root.dataset.status = status;
     if (status === 'error') this.ui.root.classList.remove('error-dismissed');
     this.updateVoiceButtonLabel();
-    this.ui.status.textContent = STATUS[status] || STATUS.idle;
+    this.ui.status.textContent = t(
+      STATUS_LABEL_KEYS[status] || STATUS_LABEL_KEYS.idle,
+    );
     const resolvedDetail =
       status === 'listening' && this.pushToTalkMode
         ? this.pushToTalkKeyHeld
-          ? 'Release Space to send'
-          : 'Hold Space to talk'
+          ? t('setup.voice.detail.releaseSpaceSend')
+          : t('setup.voice.detail.holdSpaceTalk')
         : detail;
     const primaryDetail =
       status === 'error'
-        ? 'VOICE UNAVAILABLE'
+        ? t('setup.voice.detail.unavailable')
         : resolvedDetail ||
-          (status === 'idle' ? 'VOICE STANDBY' : 'VOICE ACTIVE');
+          (status === 'idle'
+            ? t('setup.voice.detail.standby')
+            : t('setup.voice.detail.active'));
     this.ui.detail.textContent = primaryDetail;
     this.ui.detail.title = primaryDetail;
     if (this.ui.errorDetail) {
       this.ui.errorDetail.textContent =
         status === 'error'
-          ? resolvedDetail || 'Voice session could not be started.'
+          ? resolvedDetail || t('setup.voice.error.sessionStart')
           : '';
     }
     if (status === 'idle' || status === 'connecting' || status === 'error') {
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeCost.js b/src/voice/realtimeCost.js
index 9c1169490..f7420e208 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeCost.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeCost.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   readStoredVoiceTier,
   readStoredVoiceLimits,
@@ -50,18 +51,25 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
       const pendingId = resolveVoiceModel(pendingTier).id;
       this.ui.tierButton.title =
         this.isActive() && state.modelId !== pendingId
-          ? `Next session: ${pendingId} — this session stays on ${state.modelId}`
-          : `Voice model: ${pendingId} — click to switch to ${
-              isMini ? 'standard' : 'mini'
-            }; applies next session`;
+          ? t('setup.voice.tierNextSession', {
+              pendingId,
+              modelId: state.modelId,
+            })
+          : t('setup.voice.tierSwitchHint', {
+              pendingId,
+              target: isMini ? 'standard' : 'mini',
+            });
     }
     if (this.ui?.costValue) {
       this.ui.costValue.textContent = state.display;
       this.ui.costValue.dataset.level = state.level;
       this.ui.costValue.title =
-        `Estimated session cost on ${state.modelId} — ${state.responses} response(s). ` +
-        `Warns at ${formatCostUsd(state.warnUsd)}, ends the session at ${formatCostUsd(state.capUsd)}.` +
-        (state.note ? ` ${state.note}` : '');
+        t('setup.voice.costTooltip', {
+          modelId: state.modelId,
+          responses: state.responses,
+          warn: formatCostUsd(state.warnUsd),
+          cap: formatCostUsd(state.capUsd),
+        }) + (state.note ? ` ${state.note}` : '');
     }
   }
 
@@ -104,7 +112,9 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
     if (this.isActive() && this.ui?.detail) {
       this.setStatus(
         this.status,
-        `${this.voiceTier.toUpperCase()} applies next session`,
+        t('setup.voice.tier.appliesNextSession', {
+          tier: this.voiceTier.toUpperCase(),
+        }),
       );
     }
     return this.voiceTier;
@@ -182,7 +192,10 @@ export class RealtimeCost {
     try {
       this.stop({ preserveStatus: true });
     } finally {
-      this.setStatus('idle', `Session ended — cost cap ${state.display}`);
+      this.setStatus(
+        'idle',
+        t('setup.voice.status.sessionCostCap', { cost: state.display }),
+      );
       this.syncCostUi();
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeInput.js b/src/voice/realtimeInput.js
index 8607edf70..8302231d7 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeInput.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeInput.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   PUSH_TO_TALK_HOLD_DELAY_MS,
   MICROPHONE_VISUALIZER_GATE,
@@ -108,7 +109,10 @@ export class RealtimeInput {
           this.ui.root.dataset.pushToTalk = 'held';
           this.setMicrophoneEnabled(true);
           if (this.status === 'listening')
-            this.setStatus('listening', 'Release Space to send');
+            this.setStatus(
+              'listening',
+              t('setup.voice.detail.releaseSpaceSend'),
+            );
         } else {
           this.start({ pushToTalk: true });
           // start() performs a controlled stop() before connecting. Restore the
@@ -181,7 +185,7 @@ export class RealtimeInput {
     if (!this.pushToTalkMode) return;
     this.setMicrophoneEnabled(false);
     if (this.status === 'listening')
-      this.setStatus('listening', 'Hold Space to talk');
+      this.setStatus('listening', t('setup.voice.detail.holdSpaceTalk'));
     else this.updateVoiceButtonLabel();
   }
 
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js b/src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js
index 55466f275..c457cb3a0 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeInputPolicy.js
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
+
 export const PUSH_TO_TALK_HOLD_DELAY_MS = 500;
 
 // The input meter is intentionally stricter than the assistant-output meter:
@@ -150,8 +152,8 @@ export function resolveVoiceVisualizerSpeaker(
  */
 export function resolveVoiceControlHint(pushToTalkMode, pushToTalkKeyHeld) {
   return pushToTalkMode && pushToTalkKeyHeld
-    ? 'Release Space to send'
-    : 'Hold Space to speak · tap Space to activate focused controls';
+    ? t('setup.voice.detail.releaseSpaceSend')
+    : t('setup.voice.hint.default');
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeRadio.js b/src/voice/realtimeRadio.js
index 0b6fbb78e..1799147e6 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeRadio.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeRadio.js
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import {
   silenceRadioForVoice,
   startPreparedRadioAfterPlaybackReady,
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@ export class RealtimeRadio {
     if (radioHandoff.result?.ok || radioHandoff.cancelled || !stillCurrent)
       return;
     if (this.dc?.readyState === 'open' && !this.userTurnPending) {
-      this.setStatus('listening', 'Radio did not start');
+      this.setStatus('listening', t('setup.voice.detail.radioDidNotStart'));
       this.queueResponseCreate(
         'Say exactly one short correction: “The Radio station could not start. Voice is still on.”',
       );
diff --git a/src/voice/realtimeTurns.js b/src/voice/realtimeTurns.js
index 366a8e7d3..2144364c5 100644
--- a/src/voice/realtimeTurns.js
+++ b/src/voice/realtimeTurns.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { realtimeSessionEvent } from './realtimeEvents.js';
+import { t } from '../i18n/index.js';
 import { readLayerLifecycleSummary } from './layerSummary.js';
 import {
   CALL_DEDUPE_MS,
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ export class RealtimeTurns {
           eventId: payload.event_id,
           activeResponseMessage: payload.error?.message || null,
         });
-        this.setStatus('listening', 'Ask or command');
+        this.setStatus('listening', t('setup.voice.detail.askOrCommand'));
         return;
       }
       // A conversation.item.delete for a stale viewport screenshot can land
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@ export class RealtimeTurns {
       return;
     }
 
-    this.setStatus('executing', 'Running command');
+    this.setStatus('executing', t('setup.voice.detail.runningCommand'));
     this.pruneProcessedCalls();
     let sentOutput = false;
     let lastResult = null;
@@ -577,7 +578,7 @@ export class RealtimeTurns {
         ),
       );
     }
-    this.setStatus('listening', 'Ask or command');
+    this.setStatus('listening', t('setup.voice.detail.askOrCommand'));
   }
 
   sendToolOutput(callId, result) {
@@ -642,7 +643,7 @@ export class RealtimeTurns {
         // connection is still live. Recover to listening so the user can retry
         // (mirrors the transient-blip philosophy, H8).
         if (this.dc?.readyState === 'open') {
-          this.setStatus('listening', 'Ask or command');
+          this.setStatus('listening', t('setup.voice.detail.askOrCommand'));
         }
       }
       if (!this.radio.pendingRadioPlaybackResult) {